Relevant bibliographies by topics / Energy villains

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Energy villains'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Energy villains"

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Schmidt, Michael S. "Villains, victims, and heroes: Accounting for the roles human activity plays in LOPA scenarios." Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 30 (July 2014): 256–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2013.12.001.

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Murali, Rashmi, Sangeeta Malhotra, Debajit Palit, and Krishnapada Sasmal. "Socio-technical assessment of solar photovoltaic systems implemented for rural electrification in selected villages of Sundarbans region of India." AIMS Energy 3, no. 4 (2015): 612–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2015.4.612.

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Garg, Amit, Jaypalsinh Chauhan, Abha Chhabra, and Tirthankar Nag. "Energy Balance of Indian Villages: A Case Study of Seven Villages." Journal of Operations and Strategic Planning 1, no. 1 (May 31, 2018): 77–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2516600x18774196.

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This paper estimates the rural energy balance of 7 Indian villages of different agro-climate zones. This was done through primary survey of households in each village covering energy consumption, production, export, import and stock change across Crop, Livestock, Industry/Trade, Tree outside forest/plantations and Residential Sector. An energy flow model was created to capture all the various energy flows at household levels. Two villages are showing Negative annual energy balance—one is the desert village of Gujarat state and another is a tribal village of Mizoram state. All other villages were found to be energy positive mainly due to high forest density and high crop yields.
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Brown, Paul J. "Russia: From Energy Villain to Environmental Hero?" Environmental Claims Journal 26, no. 2 (April 3, 2014): 157–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10406026.2014.872968.

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Meiwanda, Geovani. "KONTESTASI ENERGI ANTARA MASYARAKAT DESA RANTAU SAKTI DAN PLN DALAM PEMANFAATAN TENAGA LISTRIK DI DESA RANTAU SAKTI, KABUPATEN ROKAN HULU." NATAPRAJA 6, no. 1 (August 6, 2018): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jnp.v6i1.20737.

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Desa Mandiri Energi is a program launched by the Central Government through the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, and this program requires active roles from community in its implementation. The village of Rantau Sakti, one of the villages in Tambusai Utara Sub-district, is a village where the successful implementation of Mandiri Energi Village and formed PLT-Biogas Rantau Sakti. Biogas flow was obtained from the waste of Palm Oil which eventually able to become electrical energy for the community in some villages. The running and development of the Desa Mandiri Energi program was in line with the conflict with PLN Rayon Bagan Batu which was adjacent to North Tambusai District. This article will analyze in depth, like a coin that has two sides. On one hand, when the Mandiri Energi program in several places in Indonesia failed, the program succeeded in North Tambusai Sub-district although it proved to be a conflict with PLN. Conflict goes without mediation between the two actors with different perceptions, which indicates the absence of government in the conflict management process.
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Wright, Blake. "Cybersecurity: The Forever Problem." Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, no. 07 (July 1, 2021): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0721-0026-jpt.

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The oil and gas business has become as much about bytes as barrels in recent years. Artificial intelligence, the internet of things (IoT), big data, and the ongoing digitization of the industry have not only made it a more-efficient machine but also a target to unscrupulous sorts looking to confound, cash in, and move on. As more information comes forward regarding the May 2021 ransomware attack on Colonial Pipeline, it appears to have been a cash grab with the knock-on effect of physically crippling the company’s flow of fuel to East Coast states. The outage was never the goal, but what it if had been? That question, or one similar, was part of what got the US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) involved and the subsequent announcement of a Security Directive that will require critical-pipeline owners and operators to report confirmed and potential cybersecurity incidents to the DHS Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) and to designate a cybersecurity coordinator, to be available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. It will also require critical-pipeline owners and operators to review their current practices as well as to identify any gaps and related remediation measures to address cyber-related risks and report the results to the Transportation Security Administration and CISA within 30 days. The bad guys made off with over $4 million in the Colonial attack; however, the US Department of Justice was able to recover about $2.3 million in the cryptocurrency paid by the pipeline operator. But the Colonial breach wasn’t a first for the oil and gas industry, and it certainly won’t be the last. As more of the oil field comes online, it creates additional access points for would-be villains to pounce. What makes the cybersecurity threat unique compared to other obstacles in the industry is that it is likely unsolvable, only manageable. “This will likely be a forever problem,” said Donald Paul, research professor of engineering at the University of Southern California and former CTO at Chevron. “It’s not like you can do something and fix it all, because ultimately, as the technology changes, as you add more digital systems, more vulnerabilities show up, and then the bad guys figure out how to crack them. It’s an ongoing process.”
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Liu, Ge, and Ming Qiang Huang. "The Study on Building Energy-Saving Technology Evaluation Index System in Towns and Villages Housing." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 3603–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.3603.

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It is not only a complicate system of energy-saving construction in towns and villages housing，but also a long and arduous task. With the process of urbanization was further development and the aim of building new socialist countryside was proposed， the development of towns and villages housing construction was very rapid. It is important to ensure that the appropriate energy-saving was chose by according to the actual needs of towns and villages housing and use the suitable assessment system to evaluate energy-saving technologies to improve the overall lever of towns and villages housing. Combine with the actual situation about the using of energy-saving technology in towns and villages housing in China, from the advanced, economy and feasible of technology and the sustainability of project to establish the energy efficiency technology assessment system on towns and villages housing, and used AHP to determine weights, in order to provide reference for better promote the development of towns and villages housing.
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Dong, Hai Rong. "Renewable Energy Technology in Construction Ecological Residence of New Villages." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 1450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.1450.

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Energy is an important material base to the live and development of human beings. To solve the lack of the renewable energy which maybe occurs, on one hand, we should advocate vigorously saving energy. On the other hand, we should explore more renewable energy actively such as solar energy, geothermal energy, wind energy, biological energy, etc. The method is to analysis technology using of solar energy and methane gas energy in this paper. Aim to come up with renewable energy technology using measures for the new rural ecological residential construction technical support and provide theoretical guidance.
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Jesudoss Manohar and Jayaprakasam. "SOLAR ENERGY FOR GREEN INDIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 4, no. 10(SE) (October 31, 2016): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i10(se).2016.2464.

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India a rapidly growing economy with more than 1 billion people is facing a huge also energy demand. The electricity production has expanded over the years but we cannot deny the fact that the population of the country is also expanding. More than 72% of population living in villages and half of the villages remain without electricity. It’s high time that our country should concentrate more on energy efficiency, conservation and renewable energy to fulfill the energy needs of India and bridge the energy demand-supply gap
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Chatterjee, Abhi, Alan Brent, Ramesh Rayudu, and Piyush Verma. "Microgrids for rural schools: An energy-education accord to curb societal challenges for sustainable rural developments." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 8, no. 3 (September 3, 2019): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.8.3.231-241.

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Quality education and schools have a key role to play in the sustainable development of society. Unfortunately, many remote communities in developing countries fail to enjoy access to quality education due to a lack of electricity, thereby interrupting regular school services in the villages. The main objective of the paper contributes to understanding the importance of the energy-education accord, and aims to curb the social challenges prevailing in the villages. Specifically, the paper suggests a technical intervention by designing a hybrid renewable energy system for such schools. The approach is demonstrated through a case study with a load demand of approximately 4 kWh/d, comprising a class size of 40 students. A techno-economic evaluation of the energy system reveals the levelized cost of energy of the system at USD 0.22 per kWh, which may be affordable considering number of other aspects, outlined in this paper, to enable a larger uptake of such systems in developing countries. ©2019. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Energy villains"

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Stålheim, Victoria, and Karin Roth. "Energieffektivisering av en 1960-talsvilla." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-19193.

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Miljöfrågor är i dagsläget ett ämne som intresserar och engagerar mångamänniskor på olika plan och inom olika ämnesområden. Kraven från vår regeringoch från EU blir allt stramare och inom området byggteknik finns idag krav på enbyggnads specifika energianvändning vid nybyggnation. Problemet är att det intefinns något specifikt krav på det befintliga beståndet och dessa byggnader har oftahög energiförbrukning. Möjligheten att det inom en snar framtid kommer kommakrav på det befintliga beståndet, likt det som finns för nybyggnation, är inteorimligt. Det är därför viktigt att redan nu se på vilka åtgärder det finns att vidtaför att sänka energiförbrukningen hos äldre byggnader och som riktlinje strävaefter att nå det krav som ställs på nybyggnation. Det finns många möjligheter och tillvägagångssätt till att energieffektivisera detäldre beståndet av bostäder. För att uppnå kvalitet i arbetet har en avgränsninggjorts till att endast studera 1960-talshus och se vilka åtgärder det finns att vidtasamt dess lönsamhet. För att kunna ge ett svar har tre frågeställningar tagits framsom behandlar energideklarationer för 1960-talshus inom Jönköpings kommun,samt en fallstudie av ett 1960-talshus. Studien av energideklarationerna gav kunskap om de vanligaste energibovarna ochvilka kostnadseffektiva åtgärder som kommunen rekommenderar. De vanligasteenergibovarna konstaterades vara köldbryggor, självdragventilation,varmvattenförluster samt värmeförluster via öppen spis. Kommunensrekommenderade kostnadseffektiva åtgärder visade sig som förväntat hautgångspunkt i de vanligaste energibovarna och är vattenbesparingsprodukter, nyregleringsteknik för inomhustemperaturen, fönsteråtgärder, tilläggsisolering avvind samt installation av kassett i öppen spis. Fallstudien med dessenergiberäkningar av 1960-talshuset visade på samma energibovar som varvanligast enligt energideklarationerna. För att förbättra byggnaden urenergisynpunkt togs olika totalrenoveringsförslag för energieffektivisering avbyggnaden fram, och de olika förslagens lönsamhet beräknades.Renoveringsförslagen består av byte av uppvärmningskälla, tilläggsisolering avfasad, vind och grund, byte av fönster samt vilken effekt solfångare bidrar med.För att få fram lönsamheten ställs energiårskostnaden för de olikatotalrenoveringsförslagen mot det ursprungliga oljeuppvärmda husets årligaenergikostnad. De framtagna totalrenoveringsalternativen ger alla en lägre årligenergikostnad jämfört med det oljeuppvärmda ursprungshuset, och inom 20 år harman tjänat in renoveringen. Enligt beräkningar är det mest lönsammatotalrenoveringsalternativet att efter 15 år ha valt putsad fasad medpelletsuppvärmning, och efter 20 år har det varit mest lönsamt att välja putsadfasad med kombinerad sol- och pelletsuppvärmning. Nackdelen med totalrenoveringsförslagen är att alla inte har möjligheten att utföraallt, men att exempelvis enbart byta värmekälla och tilläggsisolera vinden kan göraen skillnad för plånbok och miljö.
Environmental issues are in the current situation a subject of interest and concernto many people at various levels and in different subject areas. The demands fromour government and the EU is becoming increasingly tight and the study ofconstruction technology available today requires a building's specific energyconsumption in new buildings. The problem is that there is no specificrequirement for existing buildings and these buildings often have high energyconsumption. The possibility that in the near future there will come demands forthe existing population, like the demands which exists for new construction, is notunreasonable. It is therefore important that we now look at what action that ispossible to take to reduce energy consumption in older buildings and as aguideline strive to achieve the requirements for new construction. There are many possibilities and approaches to energy efficiency of the olderpopulation of housing. In order to achieve quality of work has a boundary madeto only study house from the 1960s and see what actions it is possible to take andits profitability. In order to give an answer, three questions were presented dealingwith energy declarations for buildings from the 1960s in the municipality ofJönköping, and a case study of a 1960s building. The study of energy declarations gave knowledge of the most common energyleaks and the cost-effective measures that the municipality is recommended. Themost common energy leaks were found to be thermal bridges, natural ventilation,water loss and heat loss through the fireplace. The cost-effective measures that themunicipality’s recommended proved to be, as expected, based on the mostcommon energy leaks and are water saving products, new adjustment techniquesfor indoor temperature, window measures, supplementary insulation of the atticand an installation of a cassette in the fireplace. The case study with its energycalculations of the house from the 1960s showed the same energy villains whowere most common according to the energy declarations. In order to improve thebuilding from an energy perspective was different complete renovation proposalsfor improving energy efficiency of building raised, and the various proposalsprofitability was calculated. Renovation proposals consist of replacing the heatingsource, additional insulation of facade, wind and ground, the replacement ofwindows as well as solar power contribute to. To obtain profitability is annualenergy cost for the complete renovation proposals compared to the originaloil-heated house's annual energy costs. All the designed renovation options gives alower annual energy costs compared to the original oil-heated house, and within20 years it has earned the renovation. According to estimates, the most profitablecomplete renovation proposal after 15 years is to have chosen plaster façade withpellet heating, and after 20 years it has been most profitable to choose plasterfaçade with combined solar and pellet heating. The disadvantage of the complete renovation proposals is that not everyone hasthe ability to accomplish everything, but for example to only change the source ofheat and can make a difference both for his wallet and the environment.
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Landin, Niklas, and Trygg Jonas Prenner. "Energieffektiva principer : Påverkan på en villas arkitektur och energiprestanda." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-126101.

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Kraven på att nybyggda bostäder ska vara energisnåla i driftskedet ökar hela tiden av flera anledningar. Dels vill brukarna hålla driftskostnaderna så låga som möjligt och dels är det miljöaspekten som spelar in. Men hur energisnål kan en villa egentligen göras och hur påverkas arkitekturen då den görs extremt energieffektiv? I den här rapporten utreds tio energieffektiva principer som kan användas för att göra en villa mer energisnål och energiproducerande. Alla tio principer har tillämpats i en villa som projekterats under arbetets gång. De tio principerna är: Husets utformning Konstruktion Isolerade skjutluckor Solceller Solavskärmning Energitak Uppvärmningssystem Vindkraftverk Vindskydd Medvetenhet och inredning Resultaten visar att villan kommer ge ett energiöverskott på cirka 6 000 kWh/år enligt enklare handberäkningar av husets energiförbrukning och den producerade energin. Arkitekturen blir tydligt påverkad av de energieffektiva principerna men huset är ändå fullt funktionellt. Att tillämpa tio energieffektiva principer i en villa kan vara svårt att försvara ekonomiskt då pay-off tiderna är långa på grund av höga investeringskostnader. Arbetet har utförts på KTH campus Haninge i samarbete med Sweco Architects AB.
The demands on newly constructed buildings to be energy efficient in the operational stage are increasing all the time by many reasons. Partly because the people living in the house want to keep the operational costs as low as possible and partly because of the impact on the environment. But how energy efficient can a villa be made and how does it affect the architecture when it is made extremely energy efficient? In this essay ten energy efficient principles are investigated which can be used to make a villa more energy efficient and energy producing. All ten principles have been applied in one villa that has been designed during this project. The ten principles are: The design and shape of the house Construction Insulated sliding slots Solar panels Sun shading Energy roof Heating system Wind power turbine Wind protection Consciousness and interior design The results show that the villa will produce an overbalance of energy of about 6 000 kWh/year according to simpler calculations of the house´s energy consumption and the energy that it produces. The architecture is clearly affected by the energy efficient principles but the house is still fully functioning. Applying ten energy efficient principles in one villa can be hard to motivate economically because of long pay-off times caused by high investment costs. This thesis has been made at KTH campus Haninge in cooperation with Sweco Architects AB.
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Almsalati, Hussam. "Life cycle assessment of villas made by Fiskarhedenvillan, comparison between wood and brick facade." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Energiteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28672.

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Awareness of climate change has resulted in enormous challenges for developed and developing countries. The frightening truth about our environmental situation has led to investigations of the causes of these changes and to obstruct these sources gradually but quickly. The alarming increase of average temperature of the earth has caused much worry around the world. Gas emissions in the atmosphere greatly affect the environment, where CO 2 emissions is one of the most serious factors contributing to the global warming potential. As the building sector emits 40% of global energy use and one-third of global greenhouse gas emissions, engineers must be educated to choose the best materials that lead to reducing CO 2 emissions. This means selecting materials that have less negative impact on the environment and are more “environmentally friendly”. This study shows how much CO 2e emissions are released into the atmosphere from a wooden structure villa that consists of two stories, a storage and a garage, with a total area of 229.6m2. The results of this case will be compared to a second case, where the external wooden siding is replaced with brick veneer. This result of this comparison provides us with a guideline in for how the selected materials impact the environment, illuminating the importance in choosing the right materials according to their CO 2e emission levels. In this way, the building sector can actively work to reduce the environmental impact. To achieve these goals, this study performed via life cycle assessment LCA methodology by using the One-Click LCA program. LCA is identified as a technique to assess the environmental impact and resources used through a product’s life cycle. This study utilized the LCA methodology (cradle to grave), which means starting from the extraction of raw materials, to product production, manufacturing, product usage and its end of life. The study lifespan was estimated to be 50 years. The results of the study verify that the wooden villa is more environmentally friendly than the villa made of brick, where carbon dioxide equivalent emission can be reduced to more than half by utilizing wood. Implementing the life cycle assessment study to any building aids in making the decision to choose the right materials for building according to CO 2e emission. And in this way, the environmental impact caused by the building sector will be greatly reduced.
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Kuoh, Aleke. "Green engineering| Sustainable biodiesel production using aboriginal chemical processes for self-empowerment in small tropical rural villages." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527566.

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This thesis attempted to synthesize biodiesel using indigenous materials and simple aboriginal techniques. Biodiesel requires plant oil, an alcohol and a catalyst. Coconut oil was extracted using the unrefined method and a 15% yield was obtained. Palm trees can produce ethanol when its palm juice is collected and is fermented to make palm wine. The distillation of palm wine separated an ethanol-water mixture with 35 wt% ethanol content. Calcium oxide, obtained from eggshells, is a catalyst that speeds up the transesterification reaction. Wasted eggshells undergo a calcinations process where calcium carbonate decomposes into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. A scanning electron microscope confirmed the calcinations at the surface of the eggshells. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis of each step confirmed biodiesel synthesis. The successful creation of biodiesel from coconut oil, ethanol and calcium oxide creates a potential for people in small tropical rural villages to empower themselves with just local abundant resources.

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Banerjee, Avishek. "An exergetic, economic, and environmental assessment of candidate energy systems for use in rural villages in India." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539768.

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Gustafsson, Annica, and Kollén Sophie Hantman. "Fjärrvärme eller värmepump i ett villahus : En teknisk, ekonomisk och miljömässig jämförelse." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-226873.

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The purpose of this project is to compare the two heating technologies, district heating and heat pumps. This report is written with the ultimate aim of supporting a private customer in the choice between two heating technologies. The report will analyse and compare the different heating technologies to provide heating to an average house in the Stockholm region, with a yearly energy need of 15 000 kWh for space heating. This report is divided into three parts – technology, economics and environment.In the technical part of the report, the efficiency levels of the different heating techniques will be analysed in conjunction with if the heat pump fulfils the house need of heating power. In the economic part of the report, cost estimations for an investment in both heating technologies are calculated, where the district heating system is assumed existing in the area. In the environmental part of the report, two subjects will be analysed: the climate impact and sustainable development. The climate impact will be analysed with a focus on the processing of fuel in a Combined Heat and Power system. The sustainable development analysis will focus on 20-20- 20-goals from the European Union. At the end of the report, the results are presented, together with a sensitivity analysis, a discussion, and a suggestion for future work.The results show that the selected heat pump model NIBE F2030-9 has a yearly energy need of 3800 kWh electrical energy, and a SCOP-factor of 3.69. The district heat system has a yearly energy need of 15 200 kWh district heating and 200 kWh electrical energy to the district heating central. The average yearly efficiency of the district heat central is 0.99 and the total efficiency amounts to 0.82. A yearly cost for heat pumps is 13 300 SEK, and for district heating 23 100 SEK. The yearly emission of carbon dioxide from heat pumps is calculated to vary between 100 kg and 1 300 kg depending on the selection of electricity supplier. For district heating the yearly emission of carbon dioxide is calculated to be 1 000 kg.
Denna rapport har som syfte att studera, jämföra och syna argumenten för två uppvärmningstekniker; fjärrvärme och värmepumpar. Detta för att kunna understödja och råda en privatkund vid valet. Jämförelsen och analysen kommer att ske för en medelstor villa i Stockholmsområdet, med ett årligt energibehov för uppvärmning på 15 000 kWh. Rapporten är uppdelad i tre delar - teknik, ekonomi och miljö.I den tekniska delen beräknas de olika uppvärmningsteknikernas energibehov, verkningsgrader och om värmepumpen uppfyller bostadens effektbehov. I den ekonomiska delen görs en kostnadskalkyl för nyinvestering av respektive uppvärmningsteknik, med ett fjärrvärmenät som antas vara redan utbyggt. I miljödelen behandlas två miljöfaktorer - klimatpåverkan och hållbar utveckling. Den första faktorn, klimatpåverkan, analyseras med fokus på bearbetningen av ett antal bränslen till el- och värmeproduktionssystemet. Den andra faktorn, hållbar utveckling, analyseras med fokus på hur aktörerna av fjärrvärme och värmepumpar jobbar för att uppnå EU:s 20-20-20-mål. I slutet av rapporten finns resultat inklusive känslighetsanalys, diskussion och förslag på framtida arbete.Resultatet visar att den utvalda värmepumpen NIBE F2030-9 har ett årligt energibehov på 3800 kWh i form av elenergi och en årsvärmefaktor, även kallad SCOP-faktor på 3,69. Fjärrvärmesystemet har i sin tur ett årligt energibehov på 15 200 kWh fjärrvärme för uppvärmning och 200 kWh elenergi till fjärrvärmecentralen. Den årliga medelverkningsgraden för fjärrvärmecentralen uppgår till 0,99 samtidigt som totalverkningsgraden uppgår till 0,82. En total årlig kostnad är för värmepump 13 300 SEK och för fjärrvärme 23 100 SEK. Det årliga utsläppet av koldioxid för värmepumpar beräknas variera mellan 100 kg och 1 300 kg beroende av val av elavtal, och för fjärrvärme beräknas det till 1000 kg.
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Mandefro, Bezie Yalewayker. "Feasibility Study of Small Hydropower/PV/Wind Hybrid System for Off-Grid Electrification of Liben and MedaWoulabu Villages." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-23841.

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According to the International Energy Agency 2016 statistics, Ethiopia is among the lowest countries in annual electricity consumption, 70 KWh/capita. Rural areas hold more than 80% of the country’s population and less than 30% of them have been electrified. Most of the population (the rural areas) still predominantly depend on traditional biomass energy sources for cooking and heating, and household lights are provided mainly by kerosene and biomass including this study area, Tadacha Rarasa, which consist of 4100 households with 6 members, totally 24,600 people[1, 2]. The feasibility study of hybrid system consisting of small Hydro, PV, Wind and Battery is carried out using HOMER as a tool for optimization and sensitivity analysis. TURBNPRO software also assists for the optimization of the small hydropower which is suggested to utilize the 2.2 m3/s ecological flow of the Genale 3 multipurpose hydropower plant’s reservoir. The wind speed and solar radiation data of the site is collected from NASA. Then, the wind speed, solar radiation, electric load and hydro data is input to HOMER in their respective appropriate format for simulation and analysis of the proposed hybrid system.  Electric loads of the community is estimated bearing in mind the irrigation, fishery and other opportunities which will arise after the multipurpose project completion in addition to basic household demands. The daily average estimated residential consumption by each family is 9.118 kWh and the daily average total energy consumption per person is 1.872 kWh.   After optimization and sensitivity analysis using HOMER, several different feasible configurations of Hydro, PV, Wind and Battery hybrid system has been displayed with a range of 0.049 to 0.067 $/kWh cost of energy. The optimum configuration becomes Hydro/PV/Battery hybrid system with 0.049 $/kWh levelized COE which is closer to the national energy tariff, 0.032 USD/kWh. The optimum Hydro/PV/Battery hybrid system generates annually 18,647,372 kWh with 0.18% capacity shortage and 0.15% unmet load. The hydropower supports the base load and the PV supplies for the peak load demand in the daytime which shares 19% of the total electric production.
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Fjeldstad, Erica, Madelene Svanbäck, and Julia Svensson. "MILJÖVÄNLIGT BYGGANDE I SKÅNE : Planering och utformning av en ekoby i Glimåkra." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-44779.

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The idea for this project is to design an eco-village on a property in Glimåkra in Skåne of southern Sweden, which is owned by the municipality of Östra Göinge. All of the designs in this eco-village would be built with materials that will benefit the environment and the people living there. This community would also have low energy consumption and will achieve the Miljöbyggnad Gold certification. Initially, a few eco-villages in Sweden were studied and reviewed in order to get more experience in the subject and to find inspiration. Three different types of housing units were chosen to be compared to one another to determine the two most efficient candidates.  Two townhouses, two duplexes, and two villas were designed. One of each type was a simple and square compact design while the other was a more aesthetic shaped design. While reviewing the energy consumption calculations, the aesthetically designed duplex and the aesthetically designed townhouse proved to consume smaller amounts of energy than the remaining building designs. These two designs consumed smaller amounts of energy to heat the buildings and provided additional space for solar cells. The compact duplex design ended up being the only design to be able to achieve the Miljöbyggnad Gold certification, but the energy consumption of the building did not compete with the aforementioned designs. The exterior materials to be used were chosen because of their low ecological impact and how well they blend with the surroundings. The comparisons of three different types of buildings with two different designs of each helps highlight the many factors that affect the efficiency and sustainability of a building. After studying and comparing many real-world examples of energy efficient housing with these theoretical designs, the aesthetically designed duplex and townhouse will be the best performing floor plans for the eco-village in Glimåkra, Skåne.
Detta examensarbete har gått ut på att planera en ekoby i Skåne. En situationsplan innehållande radhus och parhus har tagits fram med diverse vägar, grönska och gemensamma byggnader. Arbetets övergripande syfte är att uppmärksamma ekobyar och dess miljövänliga ekohus. Det är beräkningar, modellering, extern och intern handledning samt diskussioner kring energi, miljöbyggnad och estetik som genomsyrat arbetet. För att nå ett resultat dras kopplingar från tidigare forskning och publiceringar med detta arbete. Litteraturstudien innehåller certifieringssystemet Miljöbyggnad, där betygskriterierna för Guld är det som arbetet har strävat mot för byggnaderna som modellerades. I Miljöbyggnad finns även nivåerna Brons och Silver, men om någon av indikatorerna ger nivå Brons är det inte möjligt att uppnå Guld som slutgiltig nivå. En av två studerade fasadmaterial valdes till byggnaderna i ekobyn och trä valdes på grund av dess fördelar och användningsgrad i området. Den uppvärmningskälla som studerades var pelletspanna och vid valet av elkälla genomfördes en kritisk granskning av solceller samt en mer grundläggande faktainsamling av direktverkande el. Genom platsbesök, ritningar och kartor samt diskussion och revidering modellerades två utformningar av parhus, radhus och villa. Det blev tre kompakta byggnader och tre mer estetiskt utformade och dessa modellerades i Autodesk Revit. Beräkningar genomfördes både manuellt och digitalt och hjälpmedel som formler, tabeller och antagna värden användes. Parhus Estetisk och Radhus Estetisk valdes ut för att placeras i ekobyn. Dessa valdes ut på grund av dess energiförbrukning, antal bostäder och dess estetik. Parhus Estetisk på 113m² och Radhus Estetisk på 114m² hade en total energianvändning per år på 10 500 kWh respektive 10 100 kWh, där ingår uppvärmning, tappvarmvatten och hushållsel. Det får plats 20 bostäder och 80 personer för den valda situationsplanen. Utifrån beräkning och simulering resulterade parhuset och radhuset i den slutgiltiga nivån Silver. Slutsatserna av detta arbete var att det var svårare än tänkt att uppfylla betygskriterierna för Guld i certifieringen Miljöbyggnad, endast Parhus Kompakt nådde nivån Guld. De valda byggnaderna i ekobyn var de bästa alternativen och en övergripande slutsats var att arbetet blev mer som ett förarbete som måste tas vid och utvecklas.
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Nouhou, Bako Zeïnabou. "Contribution à la mise en œuvre d'une méthodologie de conception d'un micro-réseau multi-sources multi-villages : cas de la région du Sahel." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1019/document.

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Les problématiques environnementales (conservation de l’environnement et lutte contre la pollution), économiques (demande d’énergie de plus en plus forte pour un développement socio-économique) et politiques (démocratisation de l’accès à l’énergie) mondiales actuelles imposent un changement de comportement en matière de consommation énergétiques afin de ne pas compromettre la qualité de vie des générations futures. A cette fin, l’utilisation des énergies renouvelables, dont l’énergie solaire photovoltaïque, se présente comme une des solutions les plus prometteuses. Néanmoins, du fait de leurs intermittences, il peut s’avérer nécessaire de recourir à des dispositifs de stockage de l’énergie. Ceux-ci sont généralement utilisés dans le cas des sites isolés du réseau électrique mais de plus en plus de travaux de recherches portent sur l’intégration d'unités de stockage dans les systèmes photovoltaïques connectés aux réseaux électriques (« intelligents »). La mise en œuvre des moyens de stockage ainsi permet d’optimiser la production et d’améliorer la rentabilité de l’électricité produite tout en permettant de lisser les appels en puissances de pointe du réseau. Pour les endroits difficilement accessibles, le stockage de l’électricité permet d’assurer une autonomie énergétique en ajustant la production aux besoins de consommation et inversement. Ceci entraine un processus continu de charges et décharges des unités de stockage qui peut modifier profondément les propriétés physico-chimiques et électriques des systèmes de stockage avec comme conséquence la réduction de la durée de fonctionnement de l’installation. Généralement, les caractéristiques techniques des unités de stockage sont déterminées par les constructeurs dans des conditions idéales de fonctionnement, notamment à courant et température constants. Aussi, lorsque le fonctionnement a lieu dans des conditions climatiques austères, telles que celles des pays du Sahel, la durée de vie réelle de ces systèmes peut s’avérer très différente des prévisions se basant sur les données du constructeur. Ces pays, grands gisements solaires, sont caractérisés par des sols arides et de grandes étendues désertiques. Il y fait très chaud et les populations sont clairsemées en petits hameaux, ce qui fait des systèmes photovoltaïques autonomes les meilleurs candidats pour satisfaire les besoins énergétiques. Pour un dimensionnement approprié et une mise en œuvre efficace, il est important de connaître le comportement des constituants du système dans les conditions climatiques des sites cibles. Il y a lieu en effet de connaître les impacts de celles-ci sur la durée de vie et les caractéristiques des composants, de déterminer le besoin éventuel de dispositifs de conditionnement et d’envisager les études scientifiques et techniques de leur mise en œuvre. Les travaux de recherche envisagés ont pour but de répondre à ces multiples questions en s'appuyant sur une plate-forme expérimentale et des modèles, et de produire à termes des outils informatiques d’aide à la décision
Environmental issues (environmental conservation and the fight against pollution), economic (energy demand increasingly high for socio-economic development) and political (democratic access to energy) current global impose a change in energy consumption-related behavior in order not to compromise the quality of life of future generations. To this end, the use of renewable energies, including solar PV, is as one of the most promising solutions. However, because of their intermittent, it may be necessary to use in energy storage devices. These are generally used in the case of isolated sites of the electricity grid but more and more research work focuses on the integration of storage units in photovoltaic systems connected to electricity networks ( "smart"). The implementation of the storage means and to optimize production and improve the profitability of electricity while enabling smooth network calls in peak powers.For hard to reach areas, the electricity storage ensures energy independence by adjusting production to consumer needs and vice versa. This causes a continuous process of charging and discharging of the storage units that can profoundly change the physicochemical properties and electrical storage systems with consequent reduction in operating life of the installation. Generally, the technical characteristics of storage units are determined by manufacturers under ideal operating conditions, including current and constant temperature. Also, when the operation takes place in austere weather conditions, such as those of the Sahel, the real life of these systems can be very different predictions based on the manufacturer. These countries, large solar fields, are characterized by arid soils and large stretches of desert very hot and the people he makes are scattered in small hamlets, making stand-alone photovoltaic systems the best candidates to meet energy needs. For proper design and effective implementation, it is important to know the behavior of the system components in the climatic conditions of the target sites. It must indeed know the impact of these on the life and characteristics of components, to determine the possible need for conditioning devices and consider the scientific and technical studies of their implementation. The proposed research aim to answer these many questions based on an experimental platform and models, and produce terms of IT tools for decision support
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GALLI, FABIAN. "Predicting PV self-consumption in villas with machine learning." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300433.

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In Sweden, there is a strong and growing interest in solar power. In recent years, photovoltaic (PV) system installations have increased dramatically and a large part are distributed grid connected PV systems i.e. rooftop installations. Currently the electricity export rate is significantly lower than the import rate which has made the amount of self-consumed PV electricity a critical factor when assessing the system profitability. Self-consumption (SC) is calculated using hourly or sub-hourly timesteps and is highly dependent on the solar patterns of the location of interest, the PV system configuration and the building load. As this varies for all potential installations it is difficult to make estimations without having historical data of both load and local irradiance, which is often hard to acquire or not available. A method to predict SC using commonly available information at the planning phase is therefore preferred.  There is a scarcity of documented SC data and only a few reports treating the subject of mapping or predicting SC. Therefore, this thesis is investigating the possibility of utilizing machine learning to create models able to predict the SC using the inputs: Annual load, annual PV production, tilt angle and azimuth angle of the modules, and the latitude. With the programming language Python, seven models are created using regression techniques, using real load data and simulated PV data from the south of Sweden, and evaluated using coefficient of determination (R2) and mean absolute error (MAE). The techniques are Linear Regression, Polynomial regression, Ridge Regression, Lasso regression, K-Nearest Neighbors (kNN), Random Forest, Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), as well as the only other SC prediction model found in the literature. A parametric analysis of the models is conducted, removing one variable at a time to assess the model’s dependence on each variable.  The results are promising, with five out of eight models achieving an R2 value above 0.9 and can be considered good for predicting SC. The best performing model, Random Forest, has an R2 of 0.985 and a MAE of 0.0148. The parametric analysis also shows that while more input data is helpful, using only annual load and PV production is sufficient to make good predictions. This can only be stated for model performance for the southern region of Sweden, however, and are not applicable to areas outside the latitudes or country tested.
I Sverige finns ett starkt och växande intresse för solenergi. De senaste åren har antalet solcellsanläggningar ökat dramatiskt och en stor del är distribuerade nätanslutna solcellssystem, dvs takinstallationer. För närvarande är elexportpriset betydligt lägre än importpriset, vilket har gjort mängden egenanvänd solel till en kritisk faktor vid bedömningen av systemets lönsamhet. Egenanvändning (EA) beräknas med tidssteg upp till en timmes längd och är i hög grad beroende av solstrålningsmönstret för platsen av intresse, PV-systemkonfigurationen och byggnadens energibehov. Eftersom detta varierar för alla potentiella installationer är det svårt att göra uppskattningar utan att ha historiska data om både energibehov och lokal solstrålning, vilket ofta inte är tillgängligt. En metod för att förutsäga EA med allmän tillgänglig information är därför att föredra.  Det finns en brist på dokumenterad EA-data och endast ett fåtal rapporter som behandlar kartläggning och prediktion av EA. I denna uppsats undersöks möjligheten att använda maskininlärning för att skapa modeller som kan förutsäga EA. De variabler som ingår är årlig energiförbrukning, årlig solcellsproduktion, lutningsvinkel och azimutvinkel för modulerna och latitud. Med programmeringsspråket Python skapas sju modeller med hjälp av olika regressionstekniker, där energiförbruknings- och simulerad solelproduktionsdata från södra Sverige används. Modellerna utvärderas med hjälp av determinationskoefficienten (R2) och mean absolute error (MAE). Teknikerna som används är linjär regression, polynomregression, Ridge regression, Lasso regression, K-nearest neighbor regression, Random Forest regression, Multi-Layer Perceptron regression. En additionell linjär regressions-modell skapas även med samma metodik som används i en tidigare publicerad rapport. En parametrisk analys av modellerna genomförs, där en variabel exkluderas åt gången för att bedöma modellens beroende av varje enskild variabel.  Resultaten är mycket lovande, där fem av de åtta undersökta modeller uppnår ett R2-värde över 0,9. Den bästa modellen, Random Forest, har ett R2 på 0,985 och ett MAE på 0,0148. Den parametriska analysen visar också att även om ingångsdata är till hjälp, är det tillräckligt att använda årlig energiförbrukning och årlig solcellsproduktion för att göra bra förutsägelser. Det måste dock påpekas att modellprestandan endast är tillförlitlig för södra Sverige, från var beräkningsdata är hämtad, och inte tillämplig för områden utanför de valda latituderna eller land.
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Books on the topic "Energy villains"

1

Busacker, Dietrich. Energies à la mesure des villages: L'instauration d'énergies renouvables dans les villages africains. Bielefeld, Federal Republic of Germany: Universität Bielefeld, Fakultät für Soziologie, Forschungsschwerpunkt Entwicklungssoziologie, 1985.

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Carbon, Max W. Nuclear power: Villain or victim? : our most misunderstood source of electricity. Madison, WI: Pebble Beach Publishers, 1997.

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Carbon, Max W. Nuclear power: Villain or victim? : our most misunderstood source of electricity. 2nd ed. Madison, WI: Pebble Beach Publishers, 2006.

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Prihandana, Rama. Integrated utilization of jatropha curcas: Road to energy self sufficient villages. Jakarta]: National Team for Biofuel Development for Accelerating Poverty Alleviation and Job Creation, 2007.

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Qureshi, Asif Qayyum. Socio-economic profile and prospects for diffusion of renewable energy in Cholistani villages. Islamabad: Leads Pakistan, 2003.

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Devkota, Govinda Prasad. A viable alternative energy for rural Nepalese villages: A case study of gobar gas. [Kathmandu?: Winrock Project?], 1986.

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LEAR, Workshop (4th 1987 Villars-sur-Ollon Switzerland). Physics at LEAR with low energy antiprotons: Proceedings of the Fourth LEAR Workshop, Villars-sur-Ollon, Switzerland, 6-13 September, 1987. Chur [Switzerland]: Harwood Academic, 1988.

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Bernard, McNelis, Morton J, and International Solar Energy Society. UK Section., eds. Solar energy for developing countries: Power for villages. London: UK-ISES, 1986.

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1939-, Maiti Asok Kumar, Prakash Ratna, and Rural Employment Policy Research Programme., eds. The rural energy crisis, poverty, and women's roles in five Indian villages. New Delhi: People's Institute for Development and Training, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Energy villains"

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Doloi, Hemanta, Ray Green, and Sally Donovan. "Energy." In Planning, Housing and Infrastructure for Smart Villages, 89–111. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa Business, 2019.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351261081-6.

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Mwakasonda, Stanford A. J. "Sustainable Energy Systems in Tanzania." In Villages in the Future, 149–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56575-5_26.

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Bartali, El Houssine. "Rural Development and Sustainable Energy Systems." In Villages in the Future, 133–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56575-5_23.

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Meidan, Michal. "China: Climate Leader and Villain." In The Geopolitics of the Global Energy Transition, 75–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39066-2_4.

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Deppe, Erich. "The Route to Sustainable Energy Systems in Germany." In Villages in the Future, 141–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56575-5_24.

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Gupta, Chaman Lal. "Renewable Energy Sources for Community Sustainability in India." In Villages in the Future, 145–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56575-5_25.

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Zahnd, Alex, Mark Stambaugh, Derek Jackson, Thomas Gross, Christoph Hugi, Rick Sturdivant, James Yeh, and Subodh Sharma. "Modular Pico-hydropower System for Remote Himalayan Villages." In Transition Towards 100% Renewable Energy, 491–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69844-1_45.

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Tsuboi, Hiromi. "Renewable Energy Resources for Villages Off the Grid." In Solidarity Economy and Social Business, 35–44. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55471-4_4.

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Vasudevan, Naveen Kumar, and D. Ruben Sudhakar. "Optimal Off-Grid Hybrid Options for Power Generation in Remote Indian Villages: HOMER Application and Analysis." In Materials, Energy and Environment Engineering, 211–18. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2675-1_25.

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Ulsrud, Kirsten, Charles Muchunku, Debajit Palit, and Gathu Kirubi. "Resulting access to electricity and the perspectives and experiences of the people in the villages." In Solar Energy, Mini-Grids and Sustainable Electricity Access, 64–88. New York : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge focus on environment and sustainability: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429433955-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Energy villains"

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Nayanathara, C., and R. Srilatha. "Electrifying Villages Using Microgrids." In 2018 International Conference on Power, Energy, Control and Transmission Systems (ICPECTS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpects.2018.8521612.

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Uhlemair, H., J. Geldermann, and M. C. Körner. "Optimization of Local Heat Networks for Bioenergy Villages." In Power and Energy Systems. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2010.684-075.

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Nfah, E. M., H. Jeanmart, and P. M. Tchouate Heteu. "Sizing of Photovoltaic Hybrid Power Systems for Remote Villages." In Power and Energy Systems. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2010.684-063.

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Balakrishnan, Janaki. "Renewable Energy and Distributed Generation in Rural Villages." In 2006 International Conference on Industrial and Information Systems. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciinfs.2006.347147.

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Kundankar, Ravi R., and P. K. Katti. "Hybrid Energy System for Remote and Rural Villages." In 2018 International Conference on Power Energy, Environment and Intelligent Control (PEEIC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/peeic.2018.8665472.

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Balakrishnan, Janaki. "Renewable Energy and Distributed Generation in Rural Villages." In First International Conference on Industrial and Information Systems. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciis.2006.365662.

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Chattopadhyay, Deb. "Electrification of remote villages in Assam (India): Issues and case studies." In 2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pesmg.2013.6672080.

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Johnson, Nathan G., and Kenneth M. Bryden. "Establishing Consumer Need and Preference for Design of Village Cooking Stoves." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13629.

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In some villages the use of wood cooking stoves accounts for more than three-quarters of total village energy use. Because of this the design of clean, affordable, and desirable cooking stoves can have a dramatic impact on human health and the local economy. Unfortunately, too often development projects fail. For example, an estimated 30% of water projects in sub-Saharan Africa have failed prematurely in the last 20 years, and only 10% of cooking stove programs started in the 1980s were operational two years after startup. Similar anecdotal evidence suggests a mixed record of success for other energy, infrastructure, health, and sanitation projects in the developing world. In part, these failures occur because of a lack of design questions and design methods to identify consumer need and preference during the problem definition phase of the product design. Because isolated rural villages are generally far from the design engineers’ previous experiences it is even more important to gather in-depth primary data in isolated rural villages. Based on data collected during in-depth field visits to villages in rural West Africa during a village energy study this paper proposes a structured process for collecting the data necessary to design cookstoves that meet local needs, fit within local contexts, and create an aspirational experience that fosters a sustainable solution.
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Fu, Pengcheng. "Bioconversion of solar energy for the sustainable enhancement of universal villages." In 2018 4th International Conference on Universal Village (UV). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/uv.2018.8709325.

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Arafa, S. "Renewable energy solutions for development of rural villages and desert communities." In 2011 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccep.2011.6036279.

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Reports on the topic "Energy villains"

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Niewoehner, J., R. Larson, E. Azrag, T. Hailu, J. Horner, and P. VanArsdale. Opportunities for renewable energy technologies in water supply in developing country villages. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/459391.

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Meiners, Dennis, Steve Drouhilet, Brad Reeve, and Matt Bergen. Displacement of diesel fuel with wind energy in rural Alaskan villages. Final progress and project closeout report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1172531.

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Argaw, N., R. Foster, and A. Ellis. Renewable Energy for Water Pumping Applications In Rural Villages; Period of Performance: April 1, 2001--September 1, 2001. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15004054.

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