Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Enfants – Alimentation – Aspect psychologique'
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Watiez, Marie. "Approche psychosociologique du processus de socialisation alimentaire chez l'enfant français : étude du rôle de la publicité télévisée dans la formation des représentations sur l'alimentation." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H071.
Full textIn the field of development and social psychology, the act of eating is studied with a bio-psycho-socio-cultural approach to define food socialization. It is the process by which the child develops his taste and his preferences, his knowledge, representation and behaviour in order to adjust to the eating habits of his socio-cultural group. We study cognitive mechanisms and behaviours that specially relate to food. The socializing function of the meals is described for western children. An empirical part analyses the role of commercials as a major factor in food socialization. Through a content analysis of 200 ads, the predominant values, as well as ambiguous and incomplete nutritional information, eating habits and different social roles of young consumers are established and discussed. A survey shows the negative attitude of 228 nine to twelve years old children towards commercials. They are aware of the persuasive goal of advertising, but perceive advertising as a source of information on the product. Children’s representations make up a naive nutritional theory in which some commercial traits remain
Prévost, Jasmine. "Évaluation des effets d'un programme d'éveil sensoriel au goût sur la reconnaissance d'aliments, les attitudes et le comportement alimentaire d'enfants dans la région de Sherbrooke." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26826.
Full textDion, Mariane. "Influence d'un programme d'éducation en nutrition d'une durée de trois ans sur les habitudes alimentaires d'enfants d'âge primaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26494/26494.pdf.
Full textNoyer, Magali. "Écrire avant de savoir écrire. Acquisition de l'écrit chez les enfants de trois à huit ans." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30055.
Full textFollowing Tolchinsky Landsmann and Levin (1985) et Ferreiro and Gomez Palacio (1988) studies, this work focused on writing and reading development before school learning. Based on three experiments, our study explored the relationship between drawing and writting, and the way children differenciated these two notationnal systems as they acquired writting-reading, at both practical and conceptual levels. Writting acquisition dynamics was studied at three major levels: (1) the writting system evolution from different aged children performances who were administred writing, words choice and explicitation tasks, (2) the way the difficulty of the notation (drawing and writing) influenced children performances, (3) and the analysis of individual developmental patterns which should provide evidence of different ways to access writing. Our results showed that the way 3 years old children wrote was influenced by drawing difficulty whereas older children were influenced by the phonological difficulty level of target word. Nevertheless we still observed spatial properties effects from target object/drawing. Every children progress from pictural writing to phonemic awarness. Nevertheless, developmental patterns profiles and strategy changes, supported by our longitudinal study, revealed from 3 to 5, several ways to access writing-reading. Because of institutional learning, these different ways converged to phonographemic and spelling writing. Results were discussed in terms of writing-drawing differenciation as well as within and between variability (strategy changes or strategy adaptation, implicit and explicit knowledges). Teaching implications on drawing-wrting and writing-reading links on learning were proposed
Marcilhacy, Charlotte. "Productions graphiques et développement pulsionnel chez l'enfant : tentative d'approche psychanalytique." Paris 13, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA131022.
Full textGore, Claire. "Du délaissement à l'adoption : le parcours du combattant ou "faut-il encourager l'adoption tardive" ?" Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H049.
Full textThe adoption, essentially according to the law of 11 July 1966, amended on 22 December 1976. Becomes the achievement of a specific and particularly complex process, especially when it goes through one or several placements. Identifying these situations constitue a first difficult stage since they question our very beliefs, the goals of placement, the future of the child and our social responses to a particular type of distress. Our capacity to conceive that desertion or abandonment is rapidly obstructed and one projects with great difficulty, the orientation of the child concerned towards a ward of the state "pupille", then the "aging" child oriented towards adoption, wether it be simple or plenary adoption. However, in spite of our practices which are finally closer to the concerns of the original families, situations of desertion persist and become disquieting. The birth parents, overwhelmed by their own problems, and not being able to fulfill fhisfonction, do not understand the consequences to the child by their long-term and sometimes insurmountable absence. The bonds become prqfondly weakened, even broken. The unease is such that time goes by unheeded and without the child being aware of it, although his or her future is at stake. I thus decided to better exploit the experience of children deserted to the point of being declared "abandoned" tardiuely. I chose the cases concerning children falling in that state over a period between 1982 to 1995, subject to specific criteria (over 8 years of age, having benefited from at least 3 years of placement, having been adopted for at least 5 years). The issue concerning their adaptability was also discussed at length; the adoption deemed feasable and finally carried out the officially admitted criteria, such as "too old" "well integrated within a family" were particularly debated and numerous questions raised. The selected children and their adoptive couples will be the object of a retrospective, then prospective clinical study, based on files and interviews in view of better clarifying as much as possible our subject matter. The study will be followed by a critique of the method and an exploration of me subject in countries of me European union, this investigation will lead me to affirm that persisting desertion or abandonment is equivalent to a serious mistreatment ant that it should be viewed as such; that th
Cumont, Isabelle. "Le groupe, le jumeau, l'individu à travers les médiations artistiques." Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05H044.
Full textTwo children's groups from day's hospital are received in an elementary school, each group with a twin. Artistic mediations offer them a support of expression, most of them being without speech. Drawing is suggested during listening recorded instrumental improvisations. It is analyzed in recto verso of each sheet. In the discrepancy and alternation of two sensorial operations, both individual and groupal dimensions are crossed over with the plural of the twin and his singular dynamic
Venancio, de Vasconcelos Maria de Lourdes. "Les conséquences de l'hospitalisation chez l'enfant." Toulouse 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU20016.
Full textAs necessary and useful as hospitalization may be, it constitutes an emotional trauma for the child. It is felt as a separation, a rupture, creating the feeling of abandon, and, as such, giving rise to fear, aggressiveness and also feelings of guilt. The child sees this separation as a loss of the object of love. During hospitalization, however, the trauma of the separation isn't centered only on the loss of the object of love, on the loss of affectionate and reassuring behavior from the mother, but also on the deprivation of family surroundings and the distress of the loss of self-integrity. In fact, sickness also represents for the child an aggression that is at the same time internal a external from which he she suffers and to which he she must submit himself herself. The child is deprived of the control over his her own body because he she has become the object of increased adult supervision. He she reverts back to an earlier state characterized by dependency and passivity. As such, the object of this research concerns the psycho-biological and psycho-social effects of hospitalization on children from birth to 12 years old
Bouchart-Godard, Anne. "Ruptures et discordances entre sexualité infantile et exigences culturelles de paternité : psychopathologies de la paternité." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA070134.
Full textThe intra psychic crisis opened by the materialisation of fatherhood requests the capacity to figure the new situation, its obects, roles, functions inside the primary triade, questions necessary articulations. Infantile sexuality demands, protecting life narcissism through psychic bisexuality, and cultural impulses for delimited and compelling parenthood produ ces break points, discordances, splitting and desintrication of the instincts maternal register is a necessary interactive agent between infans and language, feeding preconscient. Integrative functions of the reptures by rituals are pointed out in two cultures : is it a disparition of ritualisation in contemporary france, or is it an internal symbolisation? modicalised birth giving seems to condense the double ritual of puberty and birth along a sadomasochist organisation where the obstetrician is symbolising an omnipotent father. But the initiatic road for a son to become a father is reduced to a poor imagery. The negative psychic work about being and having a child may provoke melancolic desease and drive to becoming father the most sublimated libidinal motion. To be able to draw many father's figures, it is necessary to liberate maternal representations from exclusive sensible and not to fear thinking specific paternal body relations
Moral, Michel. "Relations entre belle-mère et beaux-enfants dans les familles recomposées." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H039.
Full textThis research aims at improving knowledge about stepmother-stepfamilies functioning. Hypotheses are that, firstly, the emergence of conflicts is related to a specific stepmother defensive style and to the marital adjustment and, secondly, the resolution of conflicts implies the resolution of the conflict of loyalty. The input from 40 stepmothers is a semi directive interview, the Bond (1983) defensive style questionnaire and the Spanier (1976) marital adjustment questionnaire. Results show that the stepmother's defensive style is significantly different from the average population. The tendency to develop an oedipal conflict or a conflict of loyalty is related to the type of relationship shown by the father and the stepmother and also to the age and sex of stepchildren. No other correlation appears between any of the series of data
Lebatto, Stéphane. "La proximité perçue envers un produit alimentaire : un facteur favorable à l'acceptabilité des innovations alimentaires par la médiation de la confiance initiale ?" Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT3032.
Full textThe goal of our research is to comprehend the proximity between people and foods they eat. First of all, reviews of the literature and a qualitative study based on interviews of 40 people have allowed demonstrating that the concept of proximity is multifaceted, and explicit and implicit as well. A quantitative survey conducted on 277 people allowed to build a proximity measurement tool. The scale grouping 45 items around 14 dimensions namely, culture, childhood, traceability, local, pleasure, habit, expertise, identity, uniqueness, value, health, nostalgia, conviviality and dependence. In another calisson related quantitative study conducted at the Museum of the calisson in Aix-en-Provence, France, the proximity measurement tool was tested and validated. It showed that the proximity comes after the acceptance via the initial trust of consumers and can discriminate them based on the dimensions of proximity they look for. A new-calisson related survey of 481 French people was conducted online during the first trimester of 2016. This survey helped to confirm the local scale in the case of a new product and to test our research model as well. These studies allow, through structural equations, to test the impact of different forms of proximity on the initial trust and acceptability. This corroborates the predictive power of proximity. The results show that the initial trust is a partial mediator between the proximity and the acceptability
Bègue, François. "Deuils et adoption : pourquoi des couples qui ont des enfants biologiques décident d'adopter ?" Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAG043.
Full textFerréol-Barbey, Myriam. "Rôle de la mémoire de travail dans la composition de textes argumentatifs par des adultes et des enfants : effets de la longueur des textes et de l'empan mnésique." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX10025.
Full textFayollat, Dubois Josette. "L'organisation du récit oral chez l'enfant : un exemple à partir d'une bande dessinée." Paris 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030148.
Full textThe first part studies discourse in story-telling: morphological aspects (or"macrostructural narrative aspects"), opening and closing elements and means of expression at different levels: graphic, space and time, negation, future, imperative, comparative, superlative, intensity(expressed by adverbs, adjectives, repetitions, intonation), temporal cintrasts (for example, juncture connectors, all of a sudden), direct or indirect speech. The second part involves all the factors that contribute to the structure and coherency of the story, and helps its progression: the juncture connectors (simple forms -and, after, then, but, ect. . . -, and compounded forms-and then, and afterwards, ect. . . -) and the "r a d" (elements of research of speech approval: you know, so yes of course, no, ect. . . ). The juncture connectors play an important part in the child's oral story-telling: they ensure continuity in the content (and, then), introduce breaks (all of a sudden). The third part is a pratical application: it starts from elements analysed in the first two parts, and compares three sorts of stories:complex stories, stories with minimal dramatisation, and minimal stories (which presents simple succession of events)
Martin-Lavaud, Virginie. "Présence et fonctions du monstre dans la vie psychique des enfants." Paris 13, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA131010.
Full textThis research relates to the presence and the functions of the monster in the psychic life of children from 6 to 11 years old, who engaged in a psychotherapy work. At first, it locates the monster in a historical and aesthetic dimension and examines after the statute of its representation. The questions treated concern the formal regression characteristic of dreams and the aesthetic methods of constructions of the monster by metamorphosis, deformation and “assemblage-collage”. In the second part are examined, starting from clinical situations, three introduction modes of the monster into the speech of the children : see monster, to be monster and to become monster. In the third part, four functions of the monster are developed : the apocalyptic function which relates to the unconscious's subjective truth, the phallic function which engages the sexuation, the topographic function who's builds limits, and the aesthetic function which organises the threatening and unknown
Transler, Catherine. "La lecture chez les enfants sourds severes et profonds, analyse des traitements phonologiques et orthographiques." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOL025.
Full textLabrell, Florence. "Contributions paternelles au développement cognitif de l'enfant dans la deuxième année." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H062.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the paternal "pontage" ("bridge"), a theoretical hypothesis about the specificity of the role of the father in the cognitive development of the toddler. The father is expected to widen maternal experiences by proposing risked and destabilizing stimulations. The father also encourages more than the mother does the autonomous functioning of the toddler, especially in problem-solving situation. The first research, which concerns 40 father (or mother)-16 month -olds dyads in a free play situation with polyvalent objects, showed that the father performs more "non conventional" games than the mother, who is more didactic when demonstrating the canonical use of those objects. The father also the child more than the mother. The second research, which concerns 62 father (or mother)-18 month-olds dyads in a solving situation involving fitting fames, showed that the father makes more requests to the toddler for finding the solution than the mother. While the child tries to solve the problem, the father gives more indirect instructions, which do not allow an immediate resolution, so, the father encourages more an autononmous functionning of the toddler
Soares, Paula de Lima. "Les facteurs psychologiques impliqués lors des soins dentaires aux enfants brésiliens." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/146284402#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe implication of psychological aspects related to dental consultations constitutes an important topic regarding pediatric dentistry, and to this specific health care situation the Brazilian context figures as the research field. According to the principles of behavioral dentistry, it is essential to search for factors that might influence dental anxiety in order to better understand the reactions of the patient, his parents and even the doctor's. These conditions of treatment depend on the quality of the relationship between the professional and the patient. This thesis explores the reactions of Brazilian children, of favored and non-favored socioeconomic conditions during dentistry treatment. Furthermore, the attitudes of the parents in relation to their children's health care and suffering were analyzed. Therefore, webelieve that the childrens' reactions and their parents' attitudes regarding health care are guided by beliefs. The data collected observing the children's behavior through the video recording of the consultations and the utilization of the Frankl scale, as well as the interviews with the children's parents shows that: -In the first the place, that there is a significant influence of the parents' beliefs, especially among the patients of the less favored group; - the reactions of the children demonstrate a positive and collaborative behavior; -and Finally, that it is important to differentiate the aspects that lead the patients to have negative reactions during the consultation: the experience of a previous chronic disease and socioeconomic context appear to as an important aspect regarding the compliance of the patient and his family. The methodological, theoretical and clinic implications of these original results were discussed during the dentistry treatment
Gauthier, Isabelle. "Persuader avant trois ans : étude longitudinale des moyens employés par la dyade mère-enfant et de leurs effets en situation communicative de requête." Nancy 2, 2001. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc206/2001NAN21013_1.pdf.
Full textThis research estimates the child's early persuasive skills, especially speech means, and their developments in the communicative situation or request. These sequences are analysed when child and mother in both turn initiate and are directed to, which allows interpersonal (mother/child) and intrapersonal (initiate/directed) comparisons of the use and effect of each mean on the unfolding of the conversationnal interaction. The analyse is based on two longitudinal studies of mother-child natural interaction which occured between the ages of 1;6 and 3;0. Children are both only-child, from the middle-classe and french is their native language. Apart from classical forms of requesting and refusing, results underline that dyades give an important share to justificative behaviours. Besides, they reveal a distinguished use of the justification relative to the behaviour it refeers to (request/refusal), showing the child's early understanding of the pragmatic rules of its production. Moreover, we pointed out that in conflicting situations, children mostly jusitfy their requests when mothers have already justified their refusals. Then, this early contra-argumentative use of the justification increases the child's probability of being satisfied. Finaly, we found an evolution in the nature (kind) of different justificatory contents given by the child as a support of her/his request and refusal, that can be linked with their effect on the sorting of the exchange. Those results will be discussed regarding the child's growing socio-cognitive hability to take into account and fit with her/his interlocutor's point of view
Vilain-Vicaire, Annick. "Psychopathologie de l'enfant mort." Paris 13, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA131006.
Full textThe dead child is not only a phantasm but, also sometimes a reality which forces the parents as well as the surviving children or those born after a death to deal with that which is left of the dead child - real, imaginary of symbolic. A child conceived after a death among the children oscillates between the necessity to prove to himself and others that he is not the dead child and the desire to make himself the object of desire which this dead child was for the mother. Dali, by mans of his critical paranoiac method, especially his "critical paranoiac interpretation of the myth of millet's angelus", develops several theoretical aspects, the relation between sexuality and infanticide, and "supplementary jouissance" of the mother and of others
Levain, Jean-Pierre. "Proportionnalité et acquisition des concepts d'agrandissement et d'échelle." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H039.
Full textOur study deals with the acquisition of the concepts of ratio and proportion with children aged from 11 to 15. It rests within a framework of cognitive psychology stressing both the mathematical elements implied in several tasks of problem solving and the description of the specific processes they entail. The acquisition of the concepts of enlargement and scaling defines a field enabling both to study the processes used by the pupils to solve these various problems but also to analyze the conceptualization of this concept of scaling with reference to an enlargement ratio of a 1 n type in wich n is larger. Our study is a genetic one from the cm2 to the end of the 3rd form. It integrates two approaches that seem to us to be complementary : 1- a quantitative analysis issued from a quesionnaire resting on a statistic treatment integrating both factor analysis of the correspondences and a hierarchical upward classification. Such an approach enables one to distinguish five groups of pupils corresponding to specific cognitive profiles. 2- a clinical study on the content analysis of 20 interviews completed one year after the questionnaire had been taken, thus constituting a sub-sample of the latter. This clinical study stress several modes of conceptualization of the scale either facilitating or hindering the acquisition of such a notion
Thibodeau, Caroline. "L'impact de la violence sur la santé physique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26488/26488.pdf.
Full textBarthomeuf, Laetitia. "Les déterminants émotionnels du comportement alimentaire et de ses troubles : le cas de l'obésité." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF20009.
Full textMartin, Franck. "Complexité du développement psychologique de l'enfant à travers l'étude du langage et du dessin du bonhomme : essai d'épistémologie performative." Toulouse 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU20083.
Full textEsparbès-Pistre, Sylvie. "Representation de sa maladie et strategies de faire face a l'adolescence. Une approche interractionniste de sujets atteints de cancer ou de diabete." Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20027.
Full textThis research project attempts to demonstrate that it is not so much the objective situation (here, the nature of the sickness, suffering from cancer or insulin-dependent diabetes) that influences the strategies adopted by the subjects as the representation they make of it. Relating different levels of analysis (socio-biological factors, psychological resources, representation of the sickness, transient states and personalisation strategies) brings in new considerations allowing the reactions and actions of adolescents suffering from a serious sickness to be better understood. The general hypothesis postulates the implementation of coping strategies and the subject's reactions to his or her illness (anxiety state, difficulties forming projects and changes in perspectives for the future) do not mainly depend on the nature of the sickness but on the representation the patient makes of it together with sociobiographical (age, sex and the parents' socio-professional level) and psychological (anxiety trait, self-esteem, self future and style of project) variables. The level of anxiety is mainly related to the meaning the sickness assumes for the patient but also to the nature of the sickness itself and the style of the subject's project. The subject's difficulties in devising projects and future perspectives are not determined by the sickness itself but are influenced by the representation he or she makes of it, associated with psychological resources. Coping strategies implemented are not so much related to the nature of the sickness but rather to the representations the subject has thereof, with certain sociobiographical and psychological factors determining or predicting their implementation. Keywords: representation, sickness, stragies, style, coping, interaction oriented approach, adolescent, cancer, insulin-dependent diabetes, psychological resources, sociobiographical resources
Naja, Maya. "L'influence de la diffusion d'odeurs sur l'expérience vécue par les enfants hospitalisés au sein d'un service de pédiatrie." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN0655.
Full textBen, Hamed-Vernotte Souad. "Le ‘roman de la grossesse’ et ses variations dans les situations de maltraitance mère-enfant : la relation mère-enfant entre l’inceste agi et l’inceste fantasmé." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/ben-hamed_s.
Full textRelying mainly on aid and advice, it may happen that, confronted with problems of subjectivation limits, the work becomes inoperative in the Educational Action in Open Medium. As a clinical psychologist in such a service, we had to overcome this hurdle, imagine other techniques and develop our role in this context. We have designed and gradually implemented a diagnostic tool, a therapeutic device as well as an autonomous theoretical concept: the story of a pregnancy. It is a work of associative history around perinatality that we can define also, at the suggestion of Rene Roussillon, as a focal association device. In order to give a place to the psychic reality, generally ignored in Educationnal Action, we called around this original thread (although in the parentage of the family story of Freud) to a narrative work of the conception times, of pregnancy, birth and breastfeeding as well as the couple meeting and the desire for a child, of women-mothers yet stuck in incestual problematic (Racamier) and narcissistic identity suffering (Roussillon). We illustrate in this work, through numerous cases and six clinical studies, how this new modality of approach to these women has allowed us to overcome a form of initial psychological deafness (and perhaps bilateral…) and served to relaunch stimulating work that has motivated this writing, and encourages us to think that the story of a pregnancy could be generalised to other settings and considered as a valuable tool for the clinicians
Vanier, Alain. "Contribution à la métapsychologie du temps des processus psychiques : questions posées par l'observation et la clinique infanto-juvénile." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070131.
Full textThe direct observation of children is an old method of investigation that psychoanalysts have taken up again, first of all in order to verify their theory, then-as a new "royal road"-in the hope of shedding light on sectors that remain obscure in psychoanalytic method, and last of all, more recently, with the plan of effecting a radical revision of freudian metapsychology. Now modern observation arose in the crucible of the theory of evolution, and a whole trend of psychoanalytic observation came to conceive of time in terms of development. Stages, the identification of chronological landmarks in child development, a linear and vectorial concept of time are the presuppositions, often left unexamined, of this approach. Is psychoanalytical time developmental time? Isn't the child, electively, the locus of a confusion between different forms of temporality and the delicate problem of the risk that the child may recover infantile material? Doesn't the inaugural conflict of child psychoanalysis, with, in particular, the debate over the place of education, bear witness to this specific difficulty? Can we simply set aside this question in a dogmatic way, in regard to a practice that has led to a comparison of psychoanalysis with pedagogy and pediatrics, to noticeable systemic modifications, and to the large-scale entry of psychoanalysts into the institutional domain, and which, as a result, has raised questions that classical practice could not fail to misunderstand?
Gharbi, Leïla. "Portees et limites de la guidance infantile parentale dans une therapie d'enfants marocains : analyse des resistances rencontrees." Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU2A027.
Full textThe present work relates to the possibilities of using parental guidance in the moroccan context. Two axis of reflexion emerge : the first one is centered on the theoretical approach of different therapeutical relation with the parental guidance involved in it. Its originality lies in the interest focused on the family involved as it is in taking care of the child. The family - one of the socialization places of the child - holds an outstanding rank in the parental guidance. But this guidance has emerged in a social and cultural context that carries a system of values (family, individual representation of the mental illness) completely different of the one caracterizing the moroccan context in constant change (acculturation). It is for this reason that the moroccan context is analyzed, in order to bring out the technique of parental guidance, and to outline the resistance encountered. The second axis offers the clinical elements which have lead to consider as well as to answer the stated problematic. From the analysis of twenty observations, it appears that it is possible, to use this technique. Even though it has been slightly changed (wider use of the symbolic and the non verbal expression as well as a lesser rational interpretation) to take into consideration the specificity of the moroccan context. This specificity appears as well in the ways of expression that have a social and cultural connotation (with a predominance of the religious themes) and in the resistance encountered nevertheless as in any therapeutical relation the parental guidance has its limits. Besides the individual limits specific to everyone, the limits lie also at the level of the belief in the link between the parent problematic and the one of the child
Mantz, née Le Coroller Janine. "L'Ecolier de 6 ans et le dessin de sa famille." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR20023.
Full textA way of approach to the child and to his family is the study of his drawings which are still at this age a form of language. When a six years old child draws his family, he tells us hat he knows about it
Madinier, Dominique. "Les répercussions psychologiques sur les parents de l'hospitalisation d'un jeune enfant." Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H007.
Full textHerbé, Dominique. "L' amitié dyadique entre enfants de 5 à 6 ans : interactions coopérantes, situations, et représentation de la relation interpersonnelle." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100153.
Full textWe investigated how: (a) some situations elicit dyadic cooperation (b) the relationship representation the children have with their friend differ whether their friendship is reciprocal or unilateral ; (c) friendship representation and reciprocity are related to cooperation. Individual interviews allowed us to identify friendship dyads and to assess the representation the child has of his or her relationship. The cooperation was analyzed from direct observation of 49 dyads in three problem-solving ta ks. This Ph. D includes an introduction offering a comprehensive framework and three articles (published or submitted). The first one is about an exploratory study proving that children aged five to six are more likely to cooperate as situations allow them to moue as they wish. The second one shows that reciprocal friends, as compared to unilateral friends, assess their shared experiences of mutual help, companionship or intimacy more frequently. In the third one we found that there is more cooperation when these experiences are represented as frequent and in cases of reciprocal friendship; but this only for girls in a most familiar situation. These results allow us to emphasize that motor expressivity in children aged 5 to 6 helps them to adopt interpersonal acting coordinations. Besides, they suggest that interactional scripts on which a child builds a representation of his or her relation to his or her friend are firmly contextualized
Le, Floc'h Nadine. "Approche écosystémique des rythmicités attentionnelles de l'enfant : étude des effets des aménagements du temps scolaire, des loisirs collectifs et du travail parental sur les niveaux et les variations de l'attention de l'enfant de 5 à 10 ans." Tours, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOUR2010.
Full textThe aim of this thesis was to study the effects of social synchronisers on attention level, and its daily and weekly variations in 5- to 10-year old children at school. Following Bronfenbrenner'smodel, three. Attention and its variations were assessed using cancellation tests. Data relating to group leisure activities and parental work were collected from families using questionnaires. The effects of three types of school-day organisation were compared for 366 children. Frequency indices for participating in group leisure activities were obtained from 614 children. The study of the parental work effects involved measuring the length of the work-day of both parents (199 children), the constraints of work organisation, and the professional stress of the mother and father (460 children and their parents. ). The results confirm the role adjusting weekly school hours plays in a child's attention level and its variations, unrelated to gender. With regard to effects of group leisure activities on school attention , a critical threshold was identified in the youngest children, while beneficial effects were observed in older children. The length of parental time available to children resulting from parental work organisation, organisational constraints and professional stress influenced the child's attention at school. The effects of the mother's or father's work can be differentiated. The child's age would appear to be a moderating variable on all the relationships studied. The value of an ecosystem-based approach that models the environmental effects and their interactions on the child's psychological rhythms will also be discussed
Guinard, Maïa. "Le travail du pulsionnel chez des enfants dits "TDA/H" : De l'excitation au fantasme." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H121.
Full textThe thesis proposes to examine, through using projective tests analysed from a psychoanalytic perspective, the psychic functioning of a cohort of 36 children between the ages of 6 and 12 diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), according to DSM IV criteria, and review this after two years of medical and / or psychotherapeutic treatment in the framework of a multidisciplinary study. The object of study is outlined using a historic and phenomenological reading of studies on the unstable child. The scientific context is outlined using various aspects of research in neuroscience and neuro-psychology. The issues associated with prescribing psycho stimulants are addressed. These theoretical notions are then put into perspective with transcultural studies. A study of five contemporary psychoanalytic models concerning hyperactivity is applied to understanding the theoretical-clinical issues raised. The points of convergence and disagreement between these different approaches are put forward, along with the theoretical insights gained from considering these differences and similarities. Hypotheses regarding the psychic functioning of children are then explained using a meta-psychological perspective before being applied to the clinical material collected. The interpretation of results makes it possible to understand certain aspects of the psychic functioning of children diagnosed with ADHD from various perspectives; the processing of arousal; the functioning of the ego; anxiety and defense mechanisms. Finally the longitudinal follow-up is considered from two clinical studies which seek to consider the significance of the potential shifts in personality
Cunha, Sérgio de Freitas. "Abandon et adoption des enfants brésiliens : observation clinique d'enfants en attente d'adoption et étude de certaines conséquences de la condition de l'enfance au Brésil." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070096.
Full textThe subject of this thesis deals with abandon and adoption of children in brazil. The different reasons of abandoning that appear in the brazilian society, and a psychological analysis of the repercussions of this situation in the developpement of those children's personality, are described. A few months' research has been accomplished in a brazilian institution for abondoned children awaiting adoption. This wait is not without consequences for the abandoned. Some aspects of children's behaviour in a adoption process have been observed, especially a massive and permanent distress. Observations aiming children of the institution who were adopted, particularly in france, have also taken place, in order to study the behaviour of children who have left this institution. Last of all, an examination of the adequate solutions concerning the abandoned children's problems in brazil, and the exactly space that the adoption policy must take in this matter, are analysed
Bodet, Joffrey. "Développement psychologique, facteurs d'évolution et handicap chez le jeune enfant autiste." Montpellier 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON30023.
Full textAutism is a developmental disorder that causes premature and lasting distortions at the level of communication, socialization and activities. Such disorders vary significantly from one individual to another, particularly at the developmental level. The heterogeneity that characterizes the development of autistic children is typically imparted to cognitive and linguistic factors. This study focuses on the psychological development of 219 autistic children, aged between 5 and 8 years. The first part of the study identifies 4 groups of autistic children having clearly different psychological developments. The first group (21%) demonstrates the most significant psychological transformations undergone throughout the first part of the study. The second group (24%) shows an important progression, though not to the same extent as the first group. The third group (30%) presents the weakest progression and the global development of a retarded child. Finally, the fourth group (25%) maintains a stable psychological behavior between 5 and 8 years old. The second part of this study seeks to identify some developmental factors. Our results reveal that relating to objects and the age at which the first verbal productions occur may be considered as good indicators of the autistic children's later development. Then, the third and last part of the study deals with the issue of impairment in autism through the notions of disability and disadvantage respectively. Our results show that these two formulations of impairment are closely related to the different psychological developments
Elbaz, Carole. "Impact de la cécité sur le développement psychologique du jeune enfant aveugle congénital." Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESA1003.
Full textEarly blindness in infants is often considered to be a sensorial handicap generating serious disturbances to psychological development. Unable to perform a global, unified representation of his or her environment, such a child will adopt alternative construction strategies, which we refer to "compensatory modalities", by drawing upon their non-visual senses. This dissertation considers the congenitally blind child as an actor in his or her own development. It seeks to analyse the psychological particularities of his or her development. The emergence of cognitive, motor and socio-emotional skills depends on a number of factors. We have thus been able to highlight the particular dependency of blind children compared with adults, to show the diversity and evolution of forms of expression based on the use of compensatory modalities. Access to conceptual spoken language constitutes the condition for a favourable development of blind children. We used a range of psychological approaches. The complementary approaches of clinical and developmental psychology are required in order to understand the developmental processes which lie at the heart of the visually-impaired infant. They are the basis for educative and therapeutic solutions
Van, Damme Pierre. "Espace et groupe thérapeutique : une expérience de psychothérapie de groupe de jeunes enfants." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070109.
Full textMendlevitch, Jenny. "L'émotion : vecteur de compréhension à travers l'incorporation des "signes" de l'œuvre littéraire chez le jeune lecteur." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30073.
Full textIn France, the primary school is threatened by the illiteracy which touches more and more provided education for pupils. Vis-a-vis this problem of access to the direction, which remains to the college, the study of the comprehension of texts becomes essential. Our step, being based on the theoretical principles of embodiment (Glenberg, 1997, 2002 and Barsalou, 1999) or of the énaction (Varela, 1989), is to highlight the dominating role of the sensoriality, constitutive of the emotional character of literary work, in order to show that it seems the vector of comprehension. The emotion, as a corollary of the body has a central place in the genesis of the thought (Wallon, 1949). The results show that the reading of a literary text, which seeks to be said, makes emerge at the young reader of the emotions resulting in the felt body ones. This “to make sign”, which without referring explicitly to a particular emotion, the literary text, from its literary value can evoke it, resounds at the reader and allows him to create the direction of the text. This process allows a better comprehension thus because the young reader processes the data with his own emotional experiments (Zwaan, 1994), unlike the texts of textbooks which do not enable him to be read through the text. It is then possible to say that the significance of a text is determined by the type of body which we have (Barsalou, 1999) and more particularly by the way in which the mother, as a facilitating environment (Winnicott, 1971) presented the object at her child
Boukhalfa, Naïma. "Les troubles dépressifs pendant la grossesse et leurs impacts possibles sur le développement de l'enfant : approches psychodynamique et neuroscientifique." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070047.
Full textThe relationship between child psychiatry, general psychiatry and the perinatal network of the Val d'Oise has allowed the realization of a study about the specificities of antenatal depression and its potentiel impact on the development of the child to corne, taking into account a poly factorial context. This study included 439 pregnant women, and secondarily their baby. It objectified actual clinical psychopathological, neuro scientific, therapeutical and classificatory characteristics of prenatal depression. It emphasized the relevance of antenatal detection and following in the evolutionary perspective. It led to the development of a self-administered questionnaire as a screening tool for depression during pregnancy. The exhaustiveness of the number of dyads / triads included, and the diachronic of the following from pregnancy to the end of the first year of the child, have identified certain factors which intersect at the time of a disturbance of the baby development. In this case, it concerns the impact of early emotional relationship on affective, cognitive and cerebral development. This study specificity is the both psychodynamic and neuroscientificic integrative approach
Hamad, Nazir. "Complexe d'Oedipe, roman familial et question des origines : étude psychologique et psychanalytique à partir d'un échantillon de familles d'accueil et de jeunes placés." Paris 10, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA100037.
Full textBy placing children in foster families, social services endeavour to provide them with a prosthesis enabling them to follow the path of all children leading to their separation from their parents and the assumption of their own subjective history. The frequently disappointing results of social work in this field are not to be attributed to a lack of available means but rather to the intrication of the problematical psychological structures of both the children and the foster families. These children remain caught in an imaginary structure and tend to model their love for their foster parents on their unconscious memory of their attachment to their first parental objects. It is this attachment which prevents them from giving their imaginary parents up as lost and thus from finding a symbolical solution to the question of their origins. On the other hand, the very fact of applying to be foster parents, seems to indicate the problem of the imaginary child within the specific terms of an acute oedipal situation which transpires in a phallic demand on the part of the wife with the female role being held by the husband. These hypotheses have been confirmed by the t. A. T. And the non directive interviews conducted with a sample of foster children and parents
Fabre, Michel. "L'enfant et les fables : jalons pour une pedagogie du recit exemplaire." Caen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CAEN1014.
Full textFrom works of greimas and suleiman and from j. J. Rousseau's intuitions, it is possible to modelise a kind of texts (fable) and to take into account the understanding of message. Are pupils during the last years of primary school able to: - acces to the message itself? - identify the ideologie of a text? - understand the author 's thesis? the study leave to the construction of an descriptive and explanatory model of the mesinterpretations wich take to account: - subjective factors: readers'attitudes or identification and contre identification phenomena wich are linked with them. Aptitude to identify the rhetoric marks. - textual factors: easiness of the identification of the message, rhetoric complexity of the texts. - situational factors: similitude or opposition between the reader's values and the author's. Is demonstrated the possibility but also the necessity of a pedagogy of the rhetoric reading considered as a destruction of the hermeneutical obstacles (bachelard) and an apprenticeship of the working ru- les of the texts
Torossian, Valérie. "Des interventions ludiques auprès d'enfants hospitalisés : approche psycho-dynamique." Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05H034.
Full textThis work analyzes -under the scope of clinic psychology- the situation of hospitalized children facing play interventions. The psychodynamic components involved by and within this new approach will be extracted, statrting from children's proper exepriences. Our results confirm the hypothesis that play interventions are used by the child as opportunities to communicate about the experiences he has to make durring his hospitalization. A "transitional space" appears beyond the recreational aspect, becoming a "play-envelope" which symbolizes a "psychic space" shared by the child, and his family and medical surrounding. In such space, everyones's concerns about ilness, disableness or death may show up and interact
Lighezzolo, Joëlle. "L'obesité chez l'enfant : contribution à l'étude des facteurs psychologiques impliqués : approche comparative." Nancy 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN21038.
Full textArgentin, Vicogne Sabine. "Maladie génétique chez l'enfant : fonctionnement psychique et relations familiales. Enfants et adolescents atteints de mucoviscidose : approche clinique et prévention psychopathologique." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUEL378.
Full textBianco, Maryse. "La compréhension des anaphores lors de la lecture chez les enfants de 8 à 11 ans : influence des scripts, de la surface du texte et de la tâche anticipée." Grenoble 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE29014.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study the comprehension of anaphoric reference during reading in 8 to 11 year old children. More precisely, the research intends to determine how linguistic, semantic and pragmatic factors interact in the process of anaphoric comprehension. The experimental work is carried out by the manipulation of (a) the surface structure of a nominal anaphoric reference (b) the centrality, in a script, of the concepts embodied in the anaphoric relation, (c) the reading goal. The main results can be summerized as follows: 1) the recognition model proposed by yekovich and walker (1986) accounts for the processes used by 10 years old children when they try to recognize concepts read previously. 2) on-line data (reading times) show that comprehension is always affected by the surface structure of the anaphoric reference. However, the central concept's greater accessibility allows for the integration process to take immediately while a spillover effect is observed on peripheral anaphors. These results agree with the basic hypothesis of activation models but they cast doubt on the theoretical assumptions expressed by yekovich and walker (1987). 3)control strategies and processes adapted to the task emerge and develop between 9 and 11 years
Chaumet, Eric. "La nutrition entérale à domicile (NED) : expérience de l'hôpital d'Eaubonne." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05P200.
Full textGuibert, Arnaud. "La délinquance infantile et la violence dans l'agir chez l'enfant en période de latence : étude statistique d'une cohorte de 70 enfants délinquants, violents et non violents, âgés de 13 ans au plus." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR23006.
Full textGauthier-Légaré, Audrey. "Stress et transitions à la maternité: liens avec les événements de vie et la sensibilité maternelle." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69244.
Full textThe study of stress is now well established and has been linked to many different aspects of human development. A plethora of studies have shown the effects of stress on different dimensions of adjustment. Specifically, there is an increasing interest in the study of the stress of mothers, who carry the child during the prenatal period and who spend much time with the infant during the early months following birth. However, there are different conceptions of stress and different methods used to operationalize it, making it difficult to draw clear conclusions regarding links between maternal stress and infant and child outcome. Two ideas are specifically addressed in the present dissertation. First, the concept of stress is anchored in the notion that different events require adaptation on the part of individuals and, as such, that the experience of stress is somehow linked to the events with which an individual is confronted. However, the associations between the occurrence of events and the subjective assessments of stress that are grounded in cognitive appraisals of the adaptational requirements and the resources available to cope with such challenges, vary greatly across studies. This is true in the general study of stress, as in the study of parental stress specifically. Second, with respect to maternal stress, studies have mostly focused on very specific time periods to the exclusions of others, in spite of the basic observation that experiences of stress are both linked to, and vary from, experiences of stress at other times of parenthood. With the focus on specific time periods, it is difficult to draw conclusions regarding the evolution of the experience of stress across parenthood and its association to caregiving behavior and child outcome. The goals of this dissertation are two-fold: First, a meta-analysis is conducted to examine the association between objective, event-based measures of stress and subjective, cognitive appraisal-based assessments of stress, while considering different moderating variables. Results reveal a moderate association between the two broad categories of stress measures. However, moderator analyses show that very high associations are found between the experience of negative life events and emotional-state-based indices of self-reports of stress, whereas the association with trait-based reports of stress are virtually non-existent. This is an important finding in light of the frequency at which trait-based assessments are used. Second, the association between events and subjective indicators of stress are greater v in Western countries, in comparison to studies conducted in Asia, suggesting important cultural components to our understanding of this association. Second, a longitudinal study involving 4 different time points covering the last trimester of pregnancy and infant age 16 months was conducted to determine whether there were individual differences in trajectories of stress across the transition to parenthood. Four groups of mothers were identified. For statistical reasons, two of these trajectories, involving atypical patterns of stress across time and very high levels of stress at a given time point, were combined to create 3 different groups. Analyses revealed that this atypical group experienced greater levels of negative life events than the other two groups, and were observed to be significantly less sensitive during interactions with their infant in a home visit completed at infant age 8 months. This finding supports the coherence of the stress experience during the transition to motherhood and the notion that stress is related to the manner in which mothers interact with their infants during the postnatal period. These findings illustrate the importance of maternal stress as a marker of the child’s developmental ecology, during both the prenatal and postnatal periods, and underline that to appropriately understand maternal stress and its impact on child outcome, repeated measures involving the transition to motherhood are required.
Troille, Emilie. "De la perception audiovisuelle des flux oro-faciaux en parole à la perception des flux manuo-faciaux en langue française parlée complétée adultes et enfants : entendants, aveugles ou sourds." Grenoble 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE39021.
Full textCued Speech was created by Cornett in 1967 in order to disambiguate the phonology of the visible face by simultaneous phonemic hand gestures. But its productive secret was disclosed just five years ago when discovering that the hand was always ahead of the face (Attina & al. , 2004). This anticipatory coordination was a reminder of the current anticipatory behaviour in speech. The core question here addressed to this anticipatory issue concerned the perception of the acoustic and optic flows in Speech and Cued Speech. We will first establish the flexibility of bimodal speech even in simple CVCV structures, both between and within speakers. If speech can be seen before it is heard (as evidenced at its best by Cathiard & al. , 1991), we will show that the reverse is also true, even for the same speaker. Namely we will assess that speech can be heard before it is seen and even that speech can be heard as soon as it is seen. By carefully examining the pattern of behaviour of the perceived stimuli, we will show that the perceptive outcomes are locked to the produced oro-facial structures, provided we take into account their articulatory to acoustic relationships. Gating and desynchronization experiments for speech et Cued Speech, run with hearing and deaf adults and children – with blind "control" subjects for the audio –, will give us the opportunity to test the range of flexibility allowed by this unique hand-face phonemic coordination. These results will reinforce the proposal that the anticipatory Cued Speech behaviour relies on the phasing of compatible contact controls for hand vowels with orofacial consonants. The window offered by Cornett’s code – and the way it was skillfully embodied (say "embrained") – brought us a surprisingly more decisive answer about the nature of the controls in the phonology of language than the mere observation of simple speech behaviour