Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Enfants réfugiés'
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Labiesse, Christiane. "Éducation et culture : le système éducatif des enfants réfugiés tibétains vivant au Népal." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10018.
Full textAs soon as the dalai lama, with thousands of tibetans, took asylum in india in 1959, he expressed his great concern for the uprooted children's education. An inventive system of schooling was set up, a system which would be able to ensure a fair blending of modernity and tradition. The basic objective was to provide both a modern curriculum and a deep understanding of tibetan language, religion and culture. In order to analyse the impact of this educational system on the tibetan refugees' children living in nepal, we will study how far their schooling is passing on tibetan culture and contributing to safeguarding their identity in this situation of cultural change
Mpayimana, Paul. "Le droit à l'éducation et l'enfant réfugié en Afrique centrale : cas du Gabon." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011VERS012S.
Full textEveryone has the right to education. In this context, the refugee child shall benefit alongside other children living in their countries. Unfortunately, our research shows that this right is far from being met. In Gabon, several factors combine to hinder the education of refugee children: the trauma of children, poverty and insecurity of the parents, school climate and the organization of the educational system which is adverse to learning and the lack of socio-cultural teachings. Solving these problems requires the involvement and collaboration of different actors. The school should provide opportunities to expand the content of socio-cultural education of origin countries, moralize the school environment and professionalize teaching. Refugees should receive assistance at social, psychological and economic levels, so that every child has access to school and learn in good conditions. Host populations should be prepared to manage the inevitable coexistence in peace with the refugees. Refugee children, meanwhile, need unconditionally a psychotherapeutic assistance in order to digest the situation they are into and continue to learn. These few thoughts force UNHCR to strengthen its capacities and States to meet their commitments
Rousseau, Cécile. "Les problèmes émotionnels chez les enfants réfugiés d'âge scolaire : cadre de présentation et facteurs associés." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68251.
Full textThe research was conducted among 156 refugee children, born in Southeast Asia and Central America. The methodology was based on both quantitative and qualitative approaches.
Results indicate that the manifestation of emotional problems and the principal risk and protection factors vary greatly as a function of the ethnic origin of the subjects; this seems to be secondary to the interaction of specific cultural and contextual variables.
This heterogeneity of the refugee children population put into question the strategies put forward by the schools and the health services for the detection and prevention of mental health problems in these children.
Diomandé, Aboubacar. "Le statut juridique de l'enfant dans les conflits armés." Poitiers, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010POIT3011.
Full textStates members of the United Nations elaborated a lawful corpus destined to protect the child and to improve his condition in armed conflicts. The main idea of this protection is that a child is a particularly vulnerable being. Therefore when he does not participate in the hostilities, he must not be taken for target of the attacks, and should not be recruited by the belligerents. As member of civilian population, he benefits from a general protection against the consequences of hostilities. Notwithstanding this last point, he is often forced to flee as refugee or moved inside his country. In fact the child can find itself as soldier in armed forces and armed groups. For that reason the international community has regulated his recruitment and his participation to the hostilities. Despite this legislation, many children are recruited and constantly participate in armed conflicts. These children often commit the worst atrocities of war. Given that fact, how does the international law apprehends children soldiers' identity ? is that law about executioners and / or victims ? This study tries to demonstrate that the lawful corpus elaborated by the international community protects effectively the child in armed conflicts. Only this protection will be effective if these standards were respected by the belligerents
Valenzuela-Pérez, Alicia. "La thérapie par le conte centrée sur les besoins : étude de cas de deux enfants latino-américains." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6484.
Full textJedlicki, Fanny. "De l'exil au retour : Héritages familiaux et recompositions identitaires d'enfants de retornados chiliens." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070041.
Full textThe constructions of their own identities by the children of the Chilean retornados are determined by their family history. Based on politics, violence and the trauma consecutive to repression, the memory transmitted within the exiled families and the community group is linked with the experiences of exile lived in diverse socio-cultural environments. Interactions with the members of the welcoming societies also play a role in the children's progressive socialization and identifications. These children are in close relation with their parents' psyches, as a result of the latter being victims of political repression, and thus tend to identify with them and their projects. The myth of a return to the native country, a corollary of exile, participates in this relation: yet, only 30% of the Chilean refugees returned to Chile, during the military dictatorship as well as afterwards. Those who had often incarnated the image of the ideal political refugee while in exile now find themselves stigmatized and rejected by a society which has changed (during their absence). They are again confronted with a new form of migration, which their children, most of them not born in Chili, find even more complex. Their sufferings are not acknowledged in Chile's national history, rather amnesic about the recent past. However, as time passes, they gradually fit in with their new environment, adapting well or not so well depending on their socio-economic background and the contexts of their return. The retornados' children restructure their feelings of belonging, their geographic choices, their values and their political practices between their family legacy and their growing autonomy. The ways they narrate their identities are revealing of these memory recompositions, structured by a heavy legacy and marked by the global transformation of the contemporary world
Keren, Célia. "L’évacuation et l’accueil des enfants espagnols en France : cartographie d’une mobilisation transnationale (1936-1940)." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0108.
Full textThis dissertation recounts the birth, the brief success and the disappearance of a humanitarian and anti-fascist cause of the end of the 1930s: the evacuation of Spanish children from wartime Republican Spain and their reception and care in France between 1936 and 1939. This evacuation programme resulted in 10,000 Spanish boys and girls fostered in French families or housed in children's colonies, often at the request of their parents. This study identifies the groups which carried out this project, the reasons for their commitment, the means they used and, finally, their achievements and failures. Through a transnational analysis of the French heir, committees and the Spanish State institutions involved, of their collaboration and dissensions, this research successively delves into different political universes: French left-wing parties and trade unions of the Popular Front alliance, French Catholics and the Vatican hierarchy, as well as the Spanish and Basque states. The contributions of this thesis are threefold. First, the cause of the Spanish evacuated children mobilized a wide array of groups who were able to place themselves under very different banners (antifascism, humanism or Christian charity): it thus gives rise to a new and more complex account of French reactions to the Spanish civil war. Secondly, the commitments and conflicts around the evacuated children allow us to observe the subtle ideological and strategic evolutions of all of these political players, in the critical years leading up to the Second World War. Finally, by uncovering a long-lived tradition of children's displacement and fostering in trade union practices, this study calls for a widening of theperimeter of the history of humanitarian aid
Valleteau, de Moulliac Clémence. "Comment ils sont devenus invisibles : les enfants des rues de Bucarest dans la transition post-communiste." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC140.
Full textDespite major changes during transition years since 1989 in Bucharest, the street children phenomenon which became visible after the fall of Niculae Ceausescu’s communist regime has not disappeared. In spite of the abolition of the communist regime natalist policy, the demographic fertility collapse, economic growth, child welfare reforms and EU integration process, hundreds of minors keep sleeping roughless.The historical and longitudinal analysis of the phenomenon highlights lasting causal factors in the most vulnerable part of the population: the vicious circle of pauperization and marginalization undermines the most numerous families. The Bucharest street children phenomena is an inheritance of the communist regime, a sign of its enduring imprint on Romanian society. It is correlated to – and overshadowed by – social realities such as children abandonment and institutionalization, which have prevented it from gaining political ground. Our work brings out how they have become invisible: on the one hand, we analyze the construction of the political (non)-representation of street children in postcommunist years, and, on the other hand, the street experience and trajectories of some of them, from 1990 to 2015. Being unable to prevent minors from settling in the streets is neither a Romanian feature nor a characteristic specific to poor or transition countries. The case of Romanian migrants in Paris, as well as the living conditions of a number of isolated migrant minors in Europe, illustrate how, when faced with homeless and right deprived children, a wealthy region acquainted with child rights’ issues such as the EU experiences the same political challenge and dilemma as that of postcommunist Romania
Fenomenul copiilor străzii din București apare după Revoluția din decembrie 1989 și, în pofida numeroaselor bulversări din perioada de tranziție, nu pare să-și piardă nicidecum din amplitudine. În ciuda abolirii legislației pro-nataliste, a scăderii brutale a natalității, a creșterii economice și a reformelor din sistemul de protecție a copilului în contextul integrării europene, sute de minori continuă să considere strada drept acasă. Analiza istorică a fenomenului pune in evidență continuitatea cauzelor care stau la baza apariției fenomenului, în cazul categoriei celei mai vulnerabile a populației. Cercul vicios al pauperizării și al marginalizării continuă să fragilizeze familiile numeroase. Copiii străzii din București sunt o moștenire a regimului comunist, o amprentă durabilă asupra societății romanești. Acest fenomen, corelat cu realitățile abandonului și instituționalizării copiilor, care le-a eclipsat, nu a luat o dimensiune politică în România postcomunistă. Cercetarea noastră pune în evidență felul în care copiii străzii au devenit invizibili și urmărește în paralel construirea (ne)reprezentării politice a acestor copii, precum și parcursurile lor de viață în stradă, din 1990 până în 2015. Incapacitatea autorităților de a frâna instalarea copiilor în stradă nu este o specificitate românească, și nici o singularitate a statelor sărace sau aflate in situație de tranziție. Exemplul minorilor români aflați în situație de stradă la Paris, precum și soarta unui număr important de minori emigranți izolați în Europa, pun în evidență provocările politice pe care, într-o regiune bogată si cu experienta in domeniul drepturilor copilului, o ridică fenomenul copiilor nimănui
Chahinian, Hasmig. "Littératures de jeunesse et formation identitaire : enquête auprès d'enfants arméniens de 10-12 ans en France, au Liban et en Turquie." Paris 13, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA131040.
Full textWhen establishing its identity strategy a group may choose to use children’s literature. The latter can, in addition to its other functions, serve to enculture; this function is more or less important according to the cultural characteristics and the history of the people who have given birth to this literature. Hence, one may question the role the Armenian children’s literature has in the identity constitution of young Armenians living in the Diaspora. The children’s book production of 3 countries of the Armenian Diaspora, France, Lebanon and Turkey is replaced in the national and communitarian historical context. A parallel is drawn between the identity strategies of the community and its definition of armenianness. An investigation carried out in these countries amongst Armenian children aged 10-12 informs us on their links to the cultures involved, their positioning regarding their identity, and defines the stakes involved in the elaboration of a diasporic children’s literature
Burgard, Antoine. "Une nouvelle vie dans un nouveau pays : Trajectoires d' orphelins de la Shoah vers le Canada (1947 - 1952)." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2147.
Full textBetween September 1947 and March 1952, 1115 Holocaust orphans were allowed to migrate to Canada as part of a refugee project sponsored by the Canadian Jewish Congress (CJC), at this time the main organization of the Canadian Jewry. This dissertation explores both the orphans’ trajectories and the work of the organizations that took care of them in Europe and Canada. Mostly based on the young survivors’ visa application files, it aims to map their paths during and immediately after the war through a microhistorical and transnational perspective. This dissertation also uses the casefiles as a material to grasp the discourses and practices of the adults that completed them. In every casefile, social and humanitarian workers developed ideas on how best to rehabilitate the orphans and help them to go back to a “normal life”. They also tried to stabilize identities confused by the war and to present the young survivors as desirable migrants in a way that was fitting Canadian authorities’ expectations. The analysis of the casefiles highlights how administrations categorize and impose identities but also how individuals manage to resist and adapt themselves
Perthuis, Valérie. "Lyon contre Vichy : « L’affaire de Vénissieux » (26-29 août 1942) : Histoire et mémoires d’un sauvetage emblématique." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2170.
Full textThe arrival of Hitler to power and the installation of the policy of the 3rd Reich lead to the arrival in France of several successive waves of refugees coming from Germany and all the countries conquered by the Nazis. Lyon, a real citadel against obscurantism , was going to rise like a rampart to protect them and come to the rescue of the newcomers, among them the Jews.On August 26th, 1942, 1016 foreign Jews, who arrived in France after January 1st, 1936, of the ten departments of the area of Lyon, located in the so called "free zone", had been arrested by the French police and sent to the Vénissieux camp, located in the outskirts of Lyon, in order to be handed over to the nazi occupant.Under the cover of the Christian Friendship and thanks to the help of the resistant members inside the Vichy regime, fighters without weapons and of all denominations, who had already undertaken other rescue actions and who knew each other, took part in the screening commission in Vénissieux, in order to save as many internees as possible. Three days later, on August 29th, 1942, 545 prisoners where led to the train station of St Priest, handed over to the occupant and deported to Auschwitz, while 470 others, among which 100 children, and set off to freedom.The survivors we could find after the war, gave us the account of this epic. Still, the emblematic case of Vénissieux, will remain in the history of the Shoah in France. It was the result of an environment of favourable elements seized with brilliance by the best of the rescuers, unarmed partisans, members of charitable organisations of all faiths who acted in liaison with Gilbert LESAGE from the SSE ( Service des Etrangers ) and under the cover of the Christian Frienship together with the SSAE (Service Sociald’Aide aux Etrangers), in cooperation with members of the OSE (Oeuvre de Secours aux Enfants ) and the help of the Eclaireurs Israélites de France, the Consistoire and rabbis
Kobanda, Ngbenza Dieudonné. "Le parcours de vie des enfant isolés étrangers en France : contextes et situations." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG041/document.
Full textSince the end of the 1990’s, we more and more attend to the arrival in huge numbers of foreign children on the French and European territory. They come from all continents and no one detains on them parental authority. An unprecedent phenomenon in the European immigration history which whips up tensions between authorities and defence associations of children’s rights.The status of these isolated minors on the national territory remains fuzzy and their integration is like more of what is qualified as an « obstacle course » by the associations. Relatively protected by their minority, they can’t ensure positively to carry on with neither an appropriate school project, nor a reliable professional insertion if their administrative situation hasn’t been regularised before they turn age 18. By following the institutional path of about ten youths for nearly 5 years, this thesis analyses the profile of young migrants, assets and pitfalls taken care in a society in legislative, institutional and societal transition.The study reconstructs, questions and analyses path’s stakes and life construction for minors on one hand, support challenges of this population for social actors and institutionals on the other hand. In short, this thesis interrogates and analyses too Belgian practices relating to receiving and caring for these children, thus enabling a comparison with answers brought by both countries to the situation of this public
Masuemi, Hervé Nora. "Le droit international et les enfants soldats." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1G021.
Full textChild soldiers represent most of the main concern of the international community. In that respect, humanitarian, human rights and criminal branches of international law regulate their state and protection. Still, an asymmetrical protection in international humanitarian law is observed as well as a lack of specific status and consideration of girls child soldiers victims of sexual violence. Regarding international human rights law, its rules contain a stronger legal regime against child soldiers recruitment and participation in hostilities and it has an international control system to ensure compliance with its provisions. However, difficulties appear in the plurality of terms used as well as in effective exercise of individual mechanisms and normative protection of criminal child soldiers asylum-seekers or child soldiers victims of sexual violence. With regard to international criminal law, the main goal of that branch is the protection of a particular social order by punishing perpetrators of unsustainable crimes. But, in the meantime, indictment of child soldiers responsible for crimes under international law or violations of international humanitarian law in the international order, is not an option. Thus, the criminal branch criminalize conscription, enlistment and use of children under the age of fifteen to participate actively in hostilities and prioritize child soldiers victim status. It is therefore up to each State to prosecute child soldiers perpetrators within the domestic legal order through their justice system or, to establish truth and reconciliation commissions that child soldiers participate in
Zewail, Reem. "Épidémiologie des maladies parasitaires chez les immigrants au Québec." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5482.
Full textGauthier, Jean-Sébastien. "Parcours migratoires et scolaires d'enfants arméniens à Valence durant l'entre-deux-guerres." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2178/document.
Full textLaunched on the exile roads, after the 1915 genocide caused by the Jeune-Turc government, the Armenian refugees were in search of a territory open to welcome them. After an exodus which lasted several years and led them into the Balkan States and the whole Near East, some of them made the choice of France. The first refugees turned up in Valence in 1922 or 1923 (itdepends on the pieces of information). Others followed a few years later. My study attempts to show the Armenian families and children’s geographical routes, from their places of origin to Valence. Several more or less varied waves of immigrants occurred. Very often, the trip from Marseille to the “Cité drômoise” was not straight. The different stages of their French itinerary appear as markers of their varied social and economic conditions before their arrival in Valence. My contribution will also attempt to show the different school careers they made in French schools. As soon as the first arrived, children were sent to primary school and had varied school careers, even if labor remained a priority at the end of their compulsory education. The school careers in the two main educational profiles- socially unequal- were not simple and many pupils had difficulties in completing their primary or secondary schooling. The French school welcomed these foreign pupils and the acquisition of the French language was the most important issue. Other pupils had outstanding courses. Affected by the local socio-economic circumstances, the Armenian families made choices for their children. For some of them, school had to promote the learning of a trade, as skilled labourers, technicians or office workers. Others expected their children to continue the family business. Compulsory schooling promoted the acquisition of the French language but also increased the qualification levels. The Armenians wanted a future for their children and resigned themselves to the choices of their parents. After their teenage years, their professions changed and the families’ destinies advanced with new career opportunities
Lafrance, Valérie. "Efficacité thérapeutique et adaptations culturelles de la thérapie cognitivo-comportementale pour traiter le trouble de stress post-traumatique chez les jeunes réfugiés." Thèse, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4043/1/D2160.pdf.
Full textBradley, Mark. "La transmission de l'identité religieuse dans un contexte d'immigration : le cas de réfugiés tamouls hindous d'origine sri-lankaise à Montréal." Mémoire, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/933/1/M10163.pdf.
Full textBeauregard, Caroline. "Évolution de l’expression identitaire à travers les dessins d’élèves immigrants en classe d’accueil." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19016.
Full textFew studies have examined the phenomenon of identity construction among immigrant students in primary schools. Yet, immigration brings several changes affecting how children construct their identity and choose to express it at school. However, it is not easy to study a phenomenon as complex as identity with children who have not sufficiently developed their vocabulary to convey their perception of who they are, particularly when they do not master the language of schooling yet. In this context, the use of drawing appears as an interesting alternative. Indeed, drawings unveil the inner world of children who project their emotions and their way of seeing the world in the symbols comprising the images they create. This thesis has therefore attempted to explore how Art & Storytelling, an intervention program centered on drawing, promotes immigrant students’ identity expression and supports the development of a flexible and plural identity for these children. In a first phase, free drawings commented (n – 478) and realized by 29 primary school students (2nd and 3rd cycle) were analyzed as well as directed self-portraits (n = 116). In a second phase, interviews were conducted with four of these children and their parent(s), in order to collect the family history, among others, and to develop with the child the stories associated with his drawings. Both teachers were also interviewed to talk about their vision of teaching and their perception of how students interact in their class. These interviews were used to construct four case studies that illustrate the thesis according to which the modulation in the expression of children's identities would enable them to master and adapt to their different environments and would be influenced by the school environment in particular. The case studies also revealed the multiplicity of identity configurations that students used in their drawings in order to reconstruct a flexible and plural identity. Considering that an identity that adapts to several situations foster immigrant students’ psychosocial and school adjustment, it seems that drawing contributed to express and share these multiple identities.
L'Abbé, Florence. "Prise en charge et diversité des expériences dans les camps de réfugié.e.s allemands de Bamberg." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25082.
Full textFrom the autumn of 1944, an estimated 12 million Germans fled or were expelled from the Reich’s eastern provinces and various Central and Eastern European countries. Yet, outside Germany, the treatment of these refugees once they arrived in western Germany has hardly been studied in the post-war historiography. Examining the refugee camps in Bamberg, Upper Franconia as study cases, this master thesis will aim to identify different victim groups or divisions within the refugee population as well as the complex reasoning and processes by which the city, district and archdiocese of Bamberg and the German aid groups try to integrate the newcomers. In a context of severe shortage of housing, basic necessities and politicization of humanitarian assistance, this study highlights the distinctions and prioritization made between certain groups of refugees at the expense of others. Using gender as a category of historical analysis, as well as social history to include groups traditionally excluded from the main historical narratives, this study will also engage in wider discussions in postwar Germany about the German’s development of a new political, social, economic and gender order. This memoir will seek to explain how and why some groups got access to food, accommodation, employment and medical services before others, in a context of the rise of the rhetoric of victimization and the creation of a west-German memory and identity.
Ab Herbst 1944 wurden schätzungsweise 12 Millionen Deutsche aus den östlichen Provinzen des Reiches oder aus verschiedenen zentral- und osteuropäischen Ländern Flüchtlinge oder Vertriebene. Dennoch fand die Behandlung dieser Personen nach ihrer Ankunft in den Westzonen in der Historiographie außerhalb Deutschlands bisher kaum Beachtung. Anhand der Untersuchung eines Flüchtlingslagers im oberfränkischen Bamberg, widmet sich diese Masterarbeit dem Ziel, die verschiedenen Gruppen innerhalb der Flüchtlingsbevölkerung zu identifizieren und die komplexen Entscheidungsprozesse der Stadt, der Diözese und der deutschen Hilfsorganisationen bezüglich der Integration der Neuankömmlinge zu analysieren. Vor dem Hintergrund der prekären Wohnungsnot, dem Fehlen von Basisgütern und der Politisierung der humanitären Hilfen, hebt diese Studie die Unterschiede, sowie die Bevorzugung einzelner Flüchtlingsgruppen zum Nachteil anderer hervor. Diese Arbeit widmet sich in besonderem Maße der Geschlechter- und Sozialgeschichte, um die in der traditionellen Geschichtsschreibung häufig vernachlässigten historischen Analysekategorien miteinzubeziehen. Weiterhin liegt der Fokus auf den deutschen Nachkriegsdebatten zur Entwicklung einer neuen Ordnung von Politik, Ökonomie, Gesellschaft und Geschlecht. Ich werde daher versuchen, im Kontext der aufkommenden Viktimisierung im Zuge der Gestaltung einer westdeutschen Identität und Erinnerungskultur, zu verstehen wie und warum manche Gruppen eher Zugang zu Nahrung, Wohnraum, Arbeit und medizinischer Versorgung erhielten als andere.