Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Enfermedad periodontal - Factores de riesgo'
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Díaz, García Herman Hans. "Enfermedad periodontal en puérperas con partos prematuros y partos a término." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2004. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2768.
Full textThe pregnant women are particularly prone to periodontal disease and in front of the evidences that point out to this last one as a possible factor of risk for premature births. This study was realized to determine the prevalence and severity of the periodontal disease prioritarily in post-partum women with premature childbirths and childbirths to term of the Hospital “Daniel A. Carrión”, Callao during the months of October and November 2003. The sample was constituted for 20 post-partum women with premature childbirths that fulfilled the selection approaches and 90 post-partum women with childbirths to term selected at random. Löe and Silness’s Index Gingival(IG) was used to determine gingivitis and the approaches of the Ramfjord’s Index of Periodontal Disease for periodontitis; while Greene and Vermillion’s Simplified Index of Oral Hygiene (IHO-S) was used for the grade of buccal hygiene. The results showed that 100% the post-partum women of both study groups presented some form of periodontal disease. However, the prevalence of more severe periodontal disease (periodontitis) was significantly bigger in the post-partum women with premature childbirths (25%) that in the group with childbirths to term(6.66%). Likewise, it was observed that the grade of moderate Gingivitis was the most predominant; 50% in the group with premature childbirths and 57.67% in the group with childbirths to term, differentiates that was not statistically significant. (P>0.05) The light Periodontitis was the most predominant in both groups:15% in the post-partum women with premature childbirths and 4.44% in the group with childbirths to term, being this difference statistically significant (P<0.05). In the case of the Grade of Buccal Hygiene the biggest frequency was in the Regular condition: 65% in the group of post-partum women with premature childbirths and 71.11% in the group with childbirths to term; differentiates that was not statistically significant. On the other hand was met a positive correlation among the IHO-S with the mean values of the gingival index, probing depth and level of clinical adherence between both study groups.
Tesis
Vega, Becerra Henry. "Determinación de la susceptibilidad antibiótica in vitro de bacterias subgingivales en caninos con enfermedad periodontal moderada a severa." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/12162.
Full textTesis
Chinga, Alayo Omar Alexander. "Enfermedad periodontal en pacientes gestantes con alto riesgo obstétrico en el Hospital Nacional "Daniel Alcides Carrión"." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2188.
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Vicente, Rojas Luiggi Eduardo. "Factores de riesgo para la recesión papilar en el sector antero superior." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/5321.
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Allauca, Espino Francisco Elías. "Resorción de Hueso Alveolar en Pacientes Diabéticos Tipo 2 y Pacientes no Diabéticos con Periodontitis Crónica, Ciudad de Lima 2003." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1727.
Full textThis study was done to know the level of the alveolar bone reabsorption in diabetic people causado by cronic periodontitis, comparated with a control group in our population. For this purpose, all teeth presents in 20 diabetics patients that belong to the Diabetes Program of the Endocrinology Service of Arzobispo Loayza Hospital and a similar number of non diabetics patients of the Dentistry School of San Marcos University were examinated. Periapical radiographies were taken with the bisector of the angle technic to all the teeth that had clinic atachment lost of 4 or more mm. (teeth with moderate and severe periodontitis) in order to measure the alveolar bone reabsorption in mesial and distal. All patients examinated were female between 45 and 60 years old. The results of this research were: There is no significant difference in the cuantity of teeth with alveolar bone reabsorption between the study group (type 2 diabetics) and the control group (non diabetics). Exist difference in the severity of periodontal disease, representated by the alveolar bone resorción between the study group (type 2 diabetics) = 4.81 mm promedy and the control group (non diabetics) = 2.69 mm promedy
Tesis
Díaz, Suyo Juan Antonio. "Estado periodontal en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 moderadamente controlados y pacientes no diabéticos de 10 a 18 años." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2005. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1736.
Full textIn this study were compared periodontal status between 26 subjects with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and 52 non diabetic subjects, 10-18 years old age ranged. To evaluate periodontal status of both, diabetics and non diabetics subjects, were used periodontal parameters such as: gingival index, plaque index, hard deposits index, probing depth and loss of attachment. Gingival index was in diabetic patients 1.18±0.45 and in non diabetics patients 1.12±0.42 (p>0.05). Probing depth was in diabetic patients 2.25±0.36 and in non diabetic patients 2.31±0.26 (p> 0.05). Loss of attachment was in diabetics patients 0.07±0.15 and in non diabetic patients 0.04±0.06 (p>0.05). Hard deposit index was in diabetic patients 0.62±0.68 and in non diabetic patients 0.49±0.66 (p>0.05). Plaque index was in diabetic patients 2.42±0.40 and in non diabetic patients 2.31±0.52 (p>0.05). This periodontal parameters did not show significant differences between both diabetic and non diabetic patients, neither when compared by sex, perhaps by the fact that diabetic patients were marginally controlled. It may support the hypothesis that there are differences in susceptibility to periodontal disease among populations of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus patients, with subpopulations of varying sizes having increased disease susceptibility that could have been determined by genetic factors.
Tesis
Giovannoni, Maria Laura. "Hábitos masticatorios como factores de riesgo de la enfermedad periodontal en una población del Sur de la India." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461944.
Full textPeriodontal disease is multifactorial in origin. These include microbiological, genetic, immunological, environmental and behavioral factors. Chewing betel and tobacco in India are important cultural and popular activities. Betel products are the fourth most common psychoactive substance in the world, after caffeine, alcohol and nicotine. The aim of this study is to comparatively evaluate periodontal health in patients who habitually chew different products and patients who do not have these habits in the rural community of Anantapur in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. Objectives: To comparatively assess periodontal status in patients who chew different products and patients who do not have this habit, and to assess how this practice modifies other risk factors for periodontal disease. Methods: Patients included in the dental care carried out by the Vicente Ferrer Foundation in a rural community in India were considered for a cross-sectional study. Oral hygiene by the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index and periodontal status by the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) were assessed. Furthermore, a validated survey with aspects about chewing habit was applied. Results: A total of 1023 patients met all inclusion / exclusion criteria, of which 57.9% (n = 593) of the patients indicated that they did not have the habit of chewing a substance. Of the usual chewing patients (n = 430), 17.2% chewed betel quid (BQ), 16% betel quid plus tobacco (BQ + Tb) and 8.9% tobacco preparations (Tb). Patients with chewing habit were significantly associated with worse CPI values. The CPI between chewers BQ, BQ + Tb and Tb did not show significant differences. Ninety-three percent (n = 934) of the patients who presented an OHI-S considered "poor" and 84.85% (n = 868) reported oral hygiene at least once a day. These groups were significantly related to worse CPI values. The odds ratio showed a greater effect of chewing habit on sextant four and six. Conclusion: Chewing habit was associated with a worse periodontal status, and was a critical modifier for both hygiene status and age range as risk factors. Regarding gender, chewing habit had a less clear behaviour.
Armas, Melgarejo Elmer Holmer. "Estudio clínico descriptivo sobre el nivel de gingivitis en mujeres de 20 a 24 años medicadas con anticonceptivos orales." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2004. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2814.
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Dulanto, Vargas Julissa Amparo. "Enfermedad periodontal de las gestantes en asociación con el término del embarazo y el peso de los neonatos del Hospital Docente Madre Niño San Bartolomé: Lima-Perú, 2008." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2009. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2156.
Full textThe prospective study evaluates the association of periodontal disease on pregnant women with preterm birth and low weight deliveries. There were exanimate 90 pregnant women from 22 to 29 weeks of pregnancy, in National Hospital Madre Niño “San Bartolomé”, during July to August 2008. In a first period, they were registered data of the pregnancy by means of direct interview and it was carried out a clinical exam to evaluate gingival inflammation, gingival bleeding on probing, clinical attachment loss, probing depth and bacterial plaque. These registrations were done by Ramfjord Periodontal Index, Löe and Sillnes Gingival Index and Sillnes and Löe Bacterial Plaque Index, Later, they were examined data of the registered births to evaluate gestational age and weight of the baby. They were divided into four neonatal groups: preterm with normal weight, normal term birth with normal weight, preterm with low weight and normal term birth with low weight. We found a significant association of the periodontal disease with preterm births with or without low weight and normal term babies with low weight. The severity of periodontal disease is also significantly associated Also, periodontitis increases risk of premature birth (RR: 8.0 IC 95%) and risk of low weight in born baby to term (RR: 5.6 IC 95%). We conclude that periodontal disease on pregnant women constitutes a risk factor for premature births and normal term babies with low weight.
Tesis
Carranza, Samanez Kilder Maynor. "Enfermedad periodontal de la gestante en asociación con retardo de crecimiento intrauterino en recién nacidos del Hospital Docente Madre Niño San Bartolomé en el año 2008." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2192.
Full text-- This actual research evaluates maternal periodontal illness (EP) and intrauterine growing retard (RCIU). This case and control research was performed on 120 women, who gave birth in “San Bartolome Hospital” (HODOMANI) trough August to October, 2008. The cases group was 38 women (women who gave birth and had RCIU) and control group were 82 women (women who gave birth without RCIU). Data was taken during pregnancy and during birth delivery process through direct interviews and confirmed by medical histories. Besides, periodontal condition was evaluated during the 48 hours period after birth delivery, in order to calculate gingival inflammation, bleeding on probing, loss of clinical attachment, depth pocket and biofilm, through Ramjford periodontal index, Löe and Sillnes gingival index and Löe and Sillnes plaque index, respectively. We found that periodontal inflammation is a key factor associated to children birth with intrauterine growth retard (OR 2.25 IC 95% 0.99 – 5.10). Besides, we found that there was more risk of RCIU in mother’s with severe gingival illness than in those with goodoralhealth. We conclude that periodontal illness is a risk factor for the intrauterine growing of recent delivered children.
Tesis
Romero, Velarde Mariela Ruthsana. "Factores de riesgo que determinan caries y enfermedad periodontal en niños autistas de Lima Metropolitana en el año 2006." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2007. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1113.
Full textThe purpose of this study was to determined the risk factors for periodontal disease and dental caries , and if exist stadistical differences between autistic children compared with their no autistic siblings. This study was the transversal control and cases, for this research we saw 16 children between 3 to 18 years old from special center Ann Sullivan from Perú with diagnosis of autism. The control group was the no autistic siblings with the same age. The stadistic study was probably for convenience.The information was recolected used a inquiry index card , the dates was evaluated with the risk factors for periodontal disease and dental caries, also we use the DMFT index and INTPC index. The risk factors in autistic for dental caries founded was : Oral higienic index, oclusal alterations, complications in pregnance. For periodontal disease founded was: Salival ph level, frecuency of dietary carbohidrates, presence of defectuous fillings, type of delivery. The risk determination was doing with the Odds Ratio metanalisys, of all the factors using the statisticall program Epidat 3.1 and for the differences between both populations we use the Chi- Squared test (p>0,05) with the Statisticall program SPSS 12. Only exist Statistical differences in the time pregnancy factor.
Tesis
Guzmán, Vera Yanina Sara. "Severidad de la gingivitis asociada al embarazo en adolescentes." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2005. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1728.
Full textThe purpose of the present study was to determine the relation that exists between the severity of the gingival inflammation of the pregnant adolescents and pregnant adults. For this intention 120 pregnant women were evaluated of who 48 were adolescent (in two age groups: 14-17 and 17-19) and 72 adult (in three age groups: 20-24; 25-29 and 30-35), divided according to trimester of pregnancy. The clinical parameters to evaluate were Löe and Sillnes gingival index and Sillnes and Löe plaque index. The results showed that the severity of the gingival inflammation was greater in pregnant adolescents than in adults. The greater average of the gingival index was for adolescents with statistically significant differences, the greater average of plaque index was for adolescents with statistically significant differences. When evaluating the gingival index averages of patients with plaque index lower or equal to the one also greater average was for adolescents but without statistically significant differences.
Tesis
Cabrera, Pérez Elizabeth Roxana. "Severidad de la pérdida de papila interdental del sector antero superior en relación al biotipo periodontal en pacientes del Hospital Nacional Luís N. Sáenz de la Policía Nacional del Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1124.
Full text-- The aim of this study was to determine the severity of the loss of interdental papilla in upper anterior sector in relation to periodontal biotype in patient that have attend to the service of Periodontology in the “Hospital Nacional Luís N. Sáenz de la Policía Nacional del Perú”. For this purpose, we evaluated 160 patients, with an average of 41 16 and mostly women. Each patient was evaluated five interdental spaces between canine and canine, where there was a loss of interdental papillae according to the classification of Nordland and Tarnow (1998), and periodontal biotype. The results were statistically evaluated, showing that were greater were thick biotype II (56%) than thin biotype; with respect to the severity of interdental papilla loss according biotype periodontal class I was higher (67.2%) in the thick biotype 1.3-1.2 between the teeth, followed by a Class II or III (62.5%) in the thin biotype between 1.1-2.1, further more age greater loss severity of interdental papilla. It was concluded that the severity of the loss of interdental papilla is higher in older patients, while no association with sex said. Besides thin periodontal biotype had higher severity of loss of interdental papilla Class II and III, compared with thick periodontal biotype, ranking among the teeth 1.1-2.1. Keywords: interdental papilla, periodontal biotype
Tesis
Cisneros, Pérez Luis Augusto. "Grado de enfermedad periodontal de la madre gestante como factor de riesgo en relación al bajo peso de los niños recién nacidos en el Hospital Santa Rosa, julio-agosto 2003." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2785.
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Bisso, Alfaro Fátima Aurora. "Caries dental, pH salival y niveles de Streptococcus mutans en adolescentes con Síndrome de Down y adolescentes normales, de la ciudad de Lima : 2003." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2771.
Full text-- This study was done with the purpose of: to know the prevalency of dental caries and to determine the salivary pH and the salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans in teenagers with Down Síndrome, comparing them with normal teenagers, in Perú. For this purpose, 33 teenagers with Down Syndrome and 33 normal teenagers between 13 and 19 years old of 3 special education centers and 1 secundary school of Lima respectively were examinated. The results of the research reveal that: The dental caries prevalency in teenagers with Down Syndrome was lower than the prevalency in normal teenagers. The CPO-S indicator in teenagers with Down Syndrome was 11.06 and in normal teenagers was 12.45. There is no statistically significant difference between those values. The average of the salivary pH found in teenagers with Down Syndrome was 7.27, while in normal teenagers was 6.91. Statistically significant difference exist between those values. About the salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans, the result was that the majority of teenagers with Down Syndrome and normal teenagers had an intermediate recount. Doing a comparisson of the UFC of Streptococcus mutans average we found the following values: for the teenagers with Down Syndrome the average was 335015.76 and for the normal teenagers the average was 383695.76. There is no statistically significant difference between those values.
Tesis
Ogaz, Jorge Guillermo, and Rivero Analía Beatriz Saraires. "Factores de riesgo de enfermedad coronaria." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería, 2004. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/9021.
Full textFil: Ogaz, Jorge Guillermo. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería..
Fil: Saraires Rivero, Analía Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería..
Lanas, Zanetti Fernando. "Obesidad y factores de riesgo de enfermedad coronaria en Chile." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400956.
Full textObjective: To assess the effect of obesity in cardiovascular risk and in cardiovascular risk factors in Chile, the tendency in time and the association with adiponectin and their genetic determinants Methods: Three studies were performed: 1) An analysis of the anthropometric variables used to assess obesity and their association with cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular risk. The relationship between anthropometric measurements of obesity: BMI, waist circumference and waist to height ratio, with hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes prevalence, and estimated 10 years risk of coronary artery disease was assessed using the Chilean National Health Survey 2009-2010. Optimal cutoff points to assess obesity were defined with ROC curves and Net Reclassification Improvement was used to assess if they provide advantage over those cut points internationally recommended. 2) A study of the changes in obesity in urban males in the Chilean city of in the last 22 years, and the observed changes in risk factors and coronary artery risk. Two hundred males, included in the first study were compared with 800 males randomly selected and paired by age. Ten years coronary risk was estimated with Framingham equation. Mean values of body weight, height, blood pressure, blood lipids and cardiovascular risk were compared using t test for independent samples. Risk factor prevalence was compared using X2 test. The statistical package used was Stata 11.0 3) A cross sectional study to assess the clinical and genetic factors associated with adiponectin plasmatic levels, a fundamental cytokine involved in the mechanism of cardiovascular risk factor due to obesity. Fifty four men and 54 women, ramdonly selected from the “Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology” (PURE) paired by age and the presence of central obesity were included. The relationship between adiponectin plasma levels and physical activity, fasting glucose and insulin, insulin resistance, reactive C protein, and adiponectin gene polymorphism 276 A>C, T45G y -11377C>G y -11391G3A was assessed using univariate analysis and logistic regression. Results: 1) Waist to height ratio and waist circumference, compared with BMI, has a higher association with car diovascular risk factors and the estimated cardiovascular risk and improves assignment to risk category. 2) Between 1989 and 2011 an increment in obesity prevalence in men in Temuco from 24% to 31.1% was observed, associated with an increase in hypertension and dyslipidemia prevalence that explained the absence of cardiovascular risk reduction in spite of a better diagnosed and control of hypertension and the use of medication for dyslipidemia. 3) Adiponectin plasmatic levels were inversely associated with obesity anthropometric measurements, physical activity level and GG genotype of adiponectin gen rs1501299. Conclusions: Waist to height ratio and waist circumference are the obesity anthropometric measure with higher association with risk factors and cardiovascular risk in Chilean population. The increased obesity prevalence, and its consequences has avoid a reduction in cardiovascular risk in our population. Plasmatic adiponectin levels are mainly related with obesity, with a minor influence of genetic factors
Conde, Sala Josep Lluís. "Factores de riesgo y personalidad premórbida en la enfermedad de Alzheimer." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2529.
Full textLa hipótesis subyacente hacía referencia a la existencia de unos factores de riesgo de tipo psicosocial y de personalidad, presentes anteriormente al desarrollo de la enfermedad y que favorecerían su desencadenamiento. En relación con la enfermedad de Alzheimer la hipótesis específica era la de una personalidad premórbida frágil, con dificultades para afrontar los eventos vitales del final de la mediana edad y vejez y que mantenía una relación de dependencia con personas de su entorno familiar y /o social
La metodología fue la de una investigación empírica contrastando un grupo de casos (enfermos con demencia) y un grupo de control (personas mayores sin demencia). Tanto a los casos como a los controles se les administró un cuestionario elaborado específicamente para la ocasión y se identificaron las diferencias significativas del contraste de resultados. El grupo de casos estaba formado por 108 casos (85: Alzheimer, 17: Mixta-vascular y 6: Otras demencias). El grupo de control estaba formado por 49 personas sin demencia (25: familiares de enfermos y 24: no-familiares).
Las conclusiones generales del estudio podrían enunciarse de la siguiente forma:
- Confirmación de la existencia de factores de riesgo no-biológicos.
- Concepción etiológica de los factores de riesgo no como causales sino como predisposición.
- Relevancia del porcentaje de muertes precoces del padre.
- Los factores de riesgo de personalidad no permiten categorizar un trastorno específico; son rasgos comunes pero más intensos: dependencia, evitación, introversión, pesimismo, indiferencia al mundo externo y rigidez.
- Sugerencia posibles elementos de prevención con relación a la personalidad: Intervenciones que potencien la autonomía personal, la capacidad de afrontamiento y la relación.
- Conveniencia de proseguir la investigación en los aspectos de fragilidad familiar (Muerte del padre y trastornos psíquicos familiares) y de prsonalidad: Factores I (Energía), II (Afabilidad), IV (Estabilidad emocional) y V (Apertura mental)
Palacios, Barrios Omar Alberto. "Características clínicas, epidemiológicas y angiográficas en pacientes con angina de pecho y arterias coronarias normales (síndrome x cardiológico). Hospital Central FAP - 2001 al 2004." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2004. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1942.
Full textTesis de segunda especialidad
Berrocal, Izquierdo Núria. "Frecuencia y factores de riesgo de enfermedad cerebrovascular en esquizofrenia y trastornos relacionados." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/404411.
Full textThis thesis is based on the perception of Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu neurologists that patients with schizophrenia-related disorders present a higher frequency of cerebrovascular disease than expected for their age and vascular comorbidity. We present 3 studies in which the relationship among vascular health, cerebrovascular disease, antipsychotic drugs, severe mental illness and psychotic disorders is explored in middle-aged and elderly adults. After the evaluation of these studies we conclude that neither the isolated events of presenting any type of serious mental illness nor taking antipsychotics drugs increase the risk of cerebrovascular morbidity. Nevertheless, we found that patients with schizophrenia-related disorders do have greater risk of cerebrovascular pathology, regardless of global vascular load. In addition, prolonged use of antipsychotic polytherapy is related to the presence of cerebrovascular comorbidity in the population with schizophrenia-related disorders. We conclude that the relationship between chronic schizophrenia-related disorders and cerebrovascular disease may be beyond the classic cardiovascular risk factors and may also be related to certain medications.
Reyes, Tamara Daniel Milton. "Riesgo coronario en hipertensión arterial sistólica del adulto con factores de riesgo prevalentes : Hospital Central PNP "Luis N. Saenz"-2013." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/12928.
Full textTrabajo académico
Solís, Rosado Maribel Jhaneth. "Comparación de los factores de riesgo de caries dental en escolares de 6 a 12 años de una institución educativa pública con una privada en el 2014." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/614069.
Full textObjective: The goal is to compare dental caries risk factors among six to twelve-year-old students from a public school and a private school in 2014. Materials and Methods: This study was observational, descriptive, transverse and prospective. The study was conducted with 173 students from a public school and 168 students from a private school, from the ages of 6- to 12 year, both males and females. Which assessed, compared and associated the existence of dental caries, decayed, missing and filled teeth index DMFT and dmts, oral hygiene index (OHI), body mass index (BMI), and saliva PH level on a cluster sample of students from both schools. Results: Dental caries among public school population was 94.80%, DMFT 1.38 +1 and dmts 6-23+6 while the private school population results revealed a 72.02%, DMFT 1.08+0 and dmts 3.98 +2. No significant differences between the BMI and saliva PH level and their relation with dental caries were found. However, a significantly connection between dental caries and OHI was revealed after comparing the DMFT and dmts from both institutions (p=0.014) and (p=0.000). Conclusion: This study’s findings support the statement that economics status of both educational institutions has influence on the prevalence of dental caries among their students. Research has shown that BMI and saliva PH level are not dental caries prevalent factors. However, OHI has a close association with the presence of dental caries within both schools.
Beyer, Katrin. "Caracterización genética de la enfermedad de Alzheimer: estudio poblacional." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4228.
Full textRoca, Llorens Maria. "ESTUDIO DE MEDIADORES HUMORALES INMUNOLÓGICOS Y FACTORES DIETÉTICOS DE RIESGO EN LA ENFERMEDAD CELIACA." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/110083.
Full textDifferent genetic and environmental factors influence the development of celiac disease (CD). Clinical evidence shows that prolonged breastfeeding has been associated with a decreasing incidence of CD in children. Based on the hypothesis that gluten peptides and / or anti-gliadin antibodies (AGA) present in breast milk (BM) could help prevent or modulate the development of CD, our aim is to study the presence of AGA and gliadin peptides in BM from a group of CD mothers who follow a gluten-free diet (GFD) and from a group of non-coeliac mothers on a normal diet (ND), and to compare the levels of antibodies and gliadin peptides from both groups of mothers, with the ultimate goal of establishing a potential relationship with the development of CD in their offspring. The secondary objective is to analyse the early immune response in children who received BM and with a diagnosis of CD, deepening into the serology, histology, as well as the appearance of intestinal deposits of anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-TG2) antibodies. After developing a method to detect AGA in BM, we found AGA present both in BM of CD mothers on a longstanding GFD, and in mothers who follow a ND, so that gluten exclusion would not be a key factor that influences the presence of AGA in BM. A marked tendency towards a gradual decrease in the total IgA content in the BM of CD mothers was found over the months, while it remained stable in non-CD mothers. This decrease in IgA concentrations in the BM could reduce the protection at the intestinal mucosal level by contributing to dysbiosis and to a proinflammatory response; both factors could eventually favour losing tolerance to gluten. Regarding the detection of gluten peptides in BM, the high variability in the results obtained in the analyses, indicates the presence of interferences in BM samples that would be altering the quantification of the same, reason why more research is needed on this topic, studying the components that are interfering in the analysis. Finally, we confirmed that intestinal anti-TG2 deposits are an early event in the CD development preceding serum anti-TG2 antibodies detection, even in very young infants.
Diferents factors genètics i ambientals influeixen en el desenvolupament de la malaltia celíaca (MC). L'evidència clínica mostra que la lactància materna prolongada s'ha associat a una incidència decreixent de MC en xiquets. Partint de la hipòtesi que pèptids del gluten i/o anticossos anti-gliadina (AAG) presents en llet materna (LM) podrien ajudar a previndre o modular el desenvolupament de la MC, ens plantegem estudiar la presència d'AAG i pèptids de gliadina en LM en un grup de mares amb diagnòstic de MC que segueixen una dieta sense gluten (DSG) i en un grup de mares no celíaques amb dieta normal (DN), i comparar els nivells d'anticossos i pèptids de gliadina d'ambdós grups de mares, amb el fi últim de poder establir una possible relació amb el desenvolupament de MC en la seua descendència. L'objectiu secundari va ser analitzar la resposta immune precoç en xiquets que van rebre LM i amb diagnòstic de MC, aprofundint en la serologia, histologia, així com l'aparició de depòsits d'intestinals d'anticossos anti-transglutaminasa tissular (anti-TG2). Després de desenvolupar un mètode per a detectar AAG en LM, trobem AAG presents tant en la LM de mares MC després d'una DSG, com en mares que segueixen una DN, per la qual cosa la dieta no seria un factor clau que influeix en la presència d'AAG en LM. Es va trobar una marcada tendència cap a una disminució gradual en el contingut d'IgA total en la LM de mares amb MC al llarg dels mesos, mentre que romania estable en les mares no MC. Esta disminució de les concentracions d'IgA en la LM podria reduir la protecció de la mucosa del lactant, contribuint a la disbiosis i la resposta proinflamatòria, ambdós factors podrien eventualment afavorir la pèrdua de tolerància al gluten. En quant a la detecció de pèptids de gluten en LM, l'alta variabilitat en els resultats obtinguts en les anàlisis, indica de presència d'interferents en les mostres de LM que estarien alterant la quantificació dels mateixos, per la qual cosa es necessita més investigació sobre este tema, estudiant els components que estan interferint en l'anàlisi. Finalment, confirmem que els depòsits intestinals d'anti-TG2 són un esdeveniment precoç en el desenvolupament de la resposta immunològica responsable de la MC, podent precedir a l'aparició d'anticossos anti-TG2, inclús en lactants xicotets.
Roca Llorens, M. (2018). ESTUDIO DE MEDIADORES HUMORALES INMUNOLÓGICOS Y FACTORES DIETÉTICOS DE RIESGO EN LA ENFERMEDAD CELIACA [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/110083
TESIS
GARCIA, GONZALEZ ELSA MACARENA 265574, and GONZALEZ ELSA MACARENA GARCIA. "Estadificación de la enfermedad renal crónica y sus factores de riesgo asociados en perros." Tesis de maestría, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/58794.
Full textLongaray, Chau César Félix Enrique. "Estudio de perfusión miocárdica con sestamibi-tecnecio 99m y su correlación clínica y electrocardiográfica en pacientes diabéticos." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1782.
Full textTesis de segunda especialidad
Fortes, Jara Maria Fernanda, and Trujillo Ana Flavia Mendoza. "Lactancia materna directa, uso de biberón en los infantes, hábitos orales y su asociación con las características oclusales en la etapa pre-escolar de cuatro instituciones educativas." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625139.
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Infante, Viloria Elisabeth. "Prevalencia de factores de riesgo para enfermedad cardiovascular en el estado de Lara, Venezuela, 2008." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/32081.
Full textCardiovascular diseases, which form a subgroup of non-transmisible chronic diseases, constitue a key problem of public health, not only in its magnitude, as manifested in the fact that they are the primary cause of morbimortality in the world, but also for its high disability power. According to the WHO, every year more people die of this cause than of any other. It was calculated that in 2005, 17.5 million people died of this cause, which represented 30% of all deaths registered in the world; 7.6 million of these deaths were due to coronary cardiopathies, and 5.7 million were affected by some AVC. The most important causes of cardiovascular diseases are risk factors.The main objective is to quantify the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, in 2008, among the urban population at Lara’s state in Venezuela. The purpose of this study is an analysis of a group of people aged above 15 years in the urban area of Lara’s state in Venezuela. The sampling is associated with a complex design of analysis divided into four phases for a conglomerate of population that belong to a bigger unit of population, the one combine the simple aleatory and systemic selection of the units without replacement. Results: The total number of people chosen for the survey was 1675, of which 1294 were interviewed. The results of estimated prevalence of the different risk factors for cardiovascular desease were: firstly, a sedentary lifestyle had the highest prevalence (47.6 %), this percentage was higher among women than men; the second highest prevalence was hypertension, where one above three persons had hypertension, this proportion being higher among women than in men; thirdly, diabetes had the least prevalence (5%); the last group there were smokers and/or obese people, where in both was higher among men than in women. In this last group, one of every six persons showed a higher cholesterol, independently of sex gender. Conclusions:The prevalence of high blood pressure, obesity and a sedentary lifestyle can be considered as higher in the urban population over the age of 15 years. The interviewed individuals showed well enough to know the consequences generated by a high blood pressure. The results found in relation to the prevalence of angina pectoris suggest that in the age group 25 - 44 years old there are differences between men and women, whereas in the group between 45-74 years, there were no gender differences.
Valer, Caballero Johnny Richard. "Factores de riesgo en enfermedad trofoblástica gestacional en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, 2008-2010." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/15980.
Full textPublicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autor
Identifica los factores de riesgo asociados a la enfermedad trofoblástica gestacional en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, en el periodo 2008-2010. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal. Se revisaron 98 historias clínicas de pacientes que acudieron a consulta en el Departamento de Rehabilitación en Discapacidades de la Comunicación; en el periodo que corresponde al estudio. En relación al estado civil el 58.1% de las pacientes eran convivientes, seguido de solteras en un 27.1% de los casos. En relación al grado de instrucción el 74.4% de las pacientes tenían secundaria. El 70.5% de las pacientes eran amas de casa. El 65.9% de las pacientes eran multíparas. El 11.6% de las pacientes tuvieron el antecedente de embarazo molar. El 99.2% de las pacientes no tuvieron antecedente de hábitos nocivos. El 92.1% de las pacientes no tuvieron antecedente de enfermedad previa. El signo y síntoma más frecuente fue el sangrado, dolor y amenorrea en un 31.8% de los casos. El grupo sanguíneo más frecuente fue el grupo O+ en el 85.3% de los casos. El diagnóstico ecográfico más frecuente fue el de enfermedad trofoblástica gestacional en un 38.8% de los casos. El diagnostico Prequirúrgico más frecuente fue el de mola hidatidiforme en un 40.3% de los casos; y el diagnostico postquirúrgico más frecuente fue también el de mola hidatidiforme en un 41.9% de los casos. El diagnostico anatomopatológico más frecuente fue el de Mola completa en un 75.2% de los casos. Los factores de riesgo asociados a la enfermedad trofoblástica gestacional en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, fueron el antecedente de embarazo molar y el antecedente de tuberculosis pulmonar.
Guerra, Enriquez Guillermo José. "Factores conductuales y cognitivos asociados al riesgo de contraer VIH en un grupo de HSH." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/9892.
Full textThis research sought to describe behavioral (risky sexual behavior) and cognitive factors (knowledge, positive and negative attitudes, susceptibility and perceived self-efficacy) associated to the infection of HIV in a group of 56 men that have sex with other men (MSM). They attend an NGO in Lima, and their ages range between 20 and 54 years (M= 29.95). The Confidential Active Sexual Life Questionnaire (CCVSA) developed by the Colombian Ministry of Health with the collaboration of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) (1997) and HIV-65 (Bermudez, Buela-Casal and Uribe, 2005) were used to reach this objective. It was found that 89% showed risk behaviors in oral sex, another 61% had risk in anal sex, 50% in vaginal sex and 46% identified an STD in the last year. These high incidence rates in this type of behavior are alarming and put these people's health at risk with respect to HIV/AIDS. On the other hand, accurate levels of knowledge, self-efficacy and attitudes were found. The need for more research is discussed, as well the development and/or adaptation of more accurate instruments.
Tesis
Aguirre, Zurita Oscar Nelson. "Seguimiento clínico post-revascularización miocárdica percutánea en pacientes mayores y menores de 55 años con síndrome coronario agudo : Instituto Nacional del Corazón, INCOR-EsSalud." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2005. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1951.
Full textTesis de segunda especialidad
Collado, Nieto Silvia. "Enfermedad cardiovascular en hemodiálisis: análisis de la prevalencia y relevancia de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668019.
Full textHemodialysis patients have a very high CV risk and mortality, 10-20 times higher than general population. Classical CV risk factors not explain this high CV risk, so it has been postulated that new factors would contribute to increase it. AIMS: 1. Analyze the prevalence of CV disease in a population of prevalent patients on hemodialysis. 2. Analyze classical (Framingham) and new CV hemodialysis risk factors associated with CV disease. 3. Analyze the prognostic value of carotid atherosclerosis on CV morbidity and mortality. 4. Analyze the prognostic value of non-usual bone mineral metabolism markers (osteoprotegerin -OPG- or fetuin-A) on total mortality or CV morbidity and mortality. ANALYSIS AND METHODS: Multicentric, cross-sectional and prospective study over 6 years, including 265 prevalent patients with CKD and a median of 32.5 months in dialysis (68.3% men, 60.7±16.2 years), prevalence of CVD (53.2%) and non-cardiac vascular disease (25.3%). RESULTS: 85 patients (32.1%) were transplanted and there were 90 deaths (34%), 44.4% were due to CV events, and were detected 96 new CV events. In Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, the presence of prevalent CVD and the new CV events were associated with total mortality (p=0.001 and p<0.001) and CV mortality (p=0.049 and p<0.001). The multivariate analysis showed an independent association between mortality and previous CVD (HR:0.48, p=0.022), Charlson Comorbidity Index >7 points (HR:4.57, p=0.005), and malnutrition-inflammation evaluated with classical markers such as albumin <40 g/l (HR:4.85, p<0.001) or CRP (HR:1.14, p=0.029), and other emerging biomarkers such as troponin-I (HR:4.9, p=0.024), OPG levels (HR:1.07, p=0.006) or IL-18 (HR:1.0, p=0.011). 1- Predictor role of carotid atherosclerotic disease. We confirm a higher prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis (83.6%) and calcified plaques (72.7%), compared with other series. The presence of calcified plaques was predictive of both new CV events (p=0.03) and higher total mortality and CV, suggesting the additional predictive value of plaque calcification in hemodialysis. Carotid IMT has been associated with the presence of prevalent CVD, some traditional CV risk factors (age, male sex, smoking) and with pulse pressure but not with events, mortality or malnutrition-inflammation biomarkers. 2- Association of serum levels of OPG with mortality, atherosclerosis and cardiac function. We show that elevated levels of OPG, but not fetuin-A, are associated with increased mortality, subclinical atherosclerosis markers and cardiac function, but not with bone-mineral biomarkers. Highest tertile of OPG was associated with overall mortality (p=0.005), as well as a higher, but not significant, incidence of CV events and CV mortality. In multivariate analysis, total mortality was associated with higher tertiles of OPG (HR:1.957, p=0.018), age (HR:1.031, p=0.036), smoking history (HR:2.122, p=0.005), Charlson Comorbidity Index (HR:1.254, p=0.004), troponin-I (HR:3.894, p=0.042), IL-18 (HR:1.061, p<0.001) and albumin levels (HR:0.886, p<0.001). In the Cox regression bootstrapping analysis, the best cut-off point for OPG to predict total mortality was 17.69 pmol /l. CONCLUSIONS: The severity of carotid atherosclerotic disease and the presence of calcified carotid plaques is a predictor of CV events and mortality. OPG levels but not fetuin-A, were associated with higher overall mortality and with subclinical atherosclerosis markers and cardiac dysfunction, but not with bone-mineral biomarkers.
Jiménez, Balado Joan. "Progresión de la enfermedad de pequeño vaso cerebral: factores de riesgo, mecanismos implicados y consecuencias clínicas." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670176.
Full textSe calcula que la enfermedad de pequeño vaso cerebral (EPVC) es la causante del 20-25% de los ictus isquémicos y de hasta el 45% de las demencias. Su estudio se realiza principalmente evaluando en resonancia magnética cerebral (RMC) sus consecuencias—las lesiones de la sustancia blanca (LSB), los microsangrados cerebrales, los infartos lacunares y los espacios perviasculares dilatados. La EPVC se caracteriza por un largo periodo encubierto en que estos marcadores radiológicos se acumulan en el parénquima cerebral. A pesar de que se conoce la presentación de esta enfermedad, los factores de riesgo y mecanismos implicados en su evolución no son bien conocidos. Tampoco se sabe si ritmos de progresión más marcados se relacionan con peores evoluciones clínicas. Esta tesis se ha realizado en la cohorte del estudio ISSYS (Investigating Silent Strokes in hYpertensives, a magnetic resonance imaging Study). Esta cohorte está formada por 976 sujetos hipertensos de 50-70 años, sin ictus o demencia previos. En 2010-2012 se les realizó una visita clínica, una RMC, una exploración cognitiva, la monitorización ambulatoria de la presión arterial (MAPA) y se tomaron muestras de sangre y orina. En 2014-2016 se volvió a visitar a 356 pacientes en una visita con las mismas características que la visita basal, lo que nos permitió evaluar la progresión de la EPVC, así como el cambio del resto de variables. De este modo, hemos visto que la progresión de la EPVC es altamente prevalente en población hipertensa, observando que el 26.2% y el 9.9% de los sujetos presentaron una progresión significativa en 1 y ≥2 marcadores radiológicos, respectivamente. Esta progresión hemos encontrado que correlaciona con el declive de las funciones cognitivas y con la aparición del diagnóstico de deterioro cognitivo leve —observado en el 9.1% de la muestra—. No obstante, esto dependerá del grado, tipo y localización de las lesiones, siendo la progresión de las LSB periventriculares el marcador más asociado con el empeoramiento cognitivo. Análogamente, mediante estudios de supervivencia en toda la cohorte (n=976) hemos constatado que los pacientes con infartos cerebrales silentes tienen un riesgo triplicado de padecer un evento de tipo cardiovascular. Por otro lado, la MAPA puede ayudar a predecir la aparición de las lesiones, si bien sus valores deberían ser combinados con otras fuentes de información, como los biomarcadores. Así que hemos visto que los marcadores de función renal muestran un declive paralelo a la progresión de la EPVC y al deterioro cognitivo. Por medio de estudios proteómicos hemos propuesto diversas moléculas (MET, MMP9, ASAH-2) que correlacionan con la evolución de las LSB y será interesante seguir estudiando su posible uso clínico y rol en la fisiopatología de las LSB. Finalmente, hemos evaluado los espacios perivasculares dilatados del hipocampo, y encontrado que se relacionan con otras lesiones de la EPVC y con la cognición. Esto podría indicar que forman parte del conjunto de cambios de la EPVC y que la evaluación de su progresión podría ser un interesante objetivo futuro.
Cerebral small vessel disease may be the cause of up to 20-25% of ischemic strokes and 45% of dementia cases. CSVD is principally studied by assessing its consequences via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) —white matter hyperintensities (WMH), cerebral microbleeds, lacunar infarcts and enlarged perivascular spaces—. CSVD presents a long subclinical course in which these markers may accumulate on brain parenchyma. Although we know the radiological markers of cSVD, nowadays the vascular risk factors and implicated mechanisms in their progression are not well understood. Furthermore, it is unknown whether to present a marked progression of cSVD is associated with a worse clinical evolution. This thesis has been conducted in the ISSYS study (Investigating Silent Strokes in hYpertensives, a magnetic resonance imaging Study). This cohort is composed of 976 patients with hypertension aged 50-70, and dementia and stroke-free. Between 2010 and 2012 they underwent a clinical visit, a MRI, a cognitive evaluation, the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), and a urine and blood sampling collection. Between 2014 and 2016 a sample consisting of 356 subjects underwent a second visit with the same characteristics as at the baseline. In this sample we could evaluate the progression of cSVD, as well as the change in the rest of variables. Thereby, we observed that the progression of cSVD is a prevalent phenomenon in patients with hypertension. Concretely, 26.2% and 9.9% of subjects showed 1 and ≥ 2 incident cSVD lesions over the follow-up, respectively. This progression was correlated with the decline in cognition and incident mild cognitive impairment diagnosis —9.1% of the sample—. However, this relationship depends on the severity of these changes, and the type and localization of the lesion/s. Periventricular WMH was the marker of cSVD which was more significantly associated with cognitive decline. Similarly, by means of a survival analysis conducted in the complete cohort (n=976) we found that patients with silent brain infarcts were at three-fold increased risk of suffer an incident cardiovascular event within 5 years. On the other hand, ABPM may help to predict the progression of cSVD, although its information should be combined with other variables (e.g., clinical information, blood biomarkers) in order to achieve a clinically significant predictive model. Markers of kidney function (microalbuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate) presented a parallel decline with the progression of cSVD and cognitive impairment. Hence, these markers may help to identify patients at risk of progression of cSVD. Moreover, by means of a proteomic study, we proposed several proteins which were correlated with the progression of WMH (MET, MMP9, ASAH-2). Therefore, to study the clinical usefulness of these molecules in future studies, as well as their role in the pathophysiology of WMH, may be of greater interest. Finally, we assessed the burden of hippocampal enlarged perivascular spaces in the sample. We found that these radiological markers were related to other cSVD lesions and to cognitive performance. These results may indicate that hippocampal enlarged perivascular spaces are part of cSVD manifestations. Hence, further research should determine their progression in additional longitudinal studies.
Gutiérrez, Ávila Salvador Alonso, and Borgúa Andres Dominguez. "“EFICACIA DE CRITERIOS CLÍNICOS Y FACTORES DE RIESGO EN EL DIAGNÓSTICO DE ENFERMEDAD PULMONAR OBSTRUCTIVA CRÓNICA”." Tesis de Licenciatura, Medicina-Quimica, 2014. http://ri.uaemex.mx/handle/123456789/14606.
Full textDe, la Cruz Chavarria Yolanda. "FACTORES DE RIESGO PARA DESARROLLAR NEUMONÍA EN PACIENTES CON EPOC EN EL HNHU EN EL AÑO 2015." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2017. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/930.
Full textTaverner, Torrent Delia. "ARTRITIS REUMATOIDE Y ENFERMEDAD CARDIOVASCULAR. Papel de los miRNAs y factores clínicos en la detección de pacientes con riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular aumentado." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669810.
Full textEn la artritis reumatoide (AR) existe aumento del riesgo cardiovascular (CV) respecto de la población general. La valoración ultrasonográfica en la AR de la arteriosclerosis subclínica (grosor íntima-media carotídea (GIMc) y placa) y de la rigidez arterial (velocidad de la onda de pulso (PWV), índice de aumento (AIx) y distensibilidad) es un marcador fiable de enfermedad CV. Los microRNA están implicados en la AR y en la enfermedad CV de forma independiente y diversos miRNAs comparten rol en ambas patologías. Hipotetizamos que se podría identificar un patrón de miRNAs en AR que definan riesgo de enfermedad CV. Sobre nuestra población de 214 adultos con AR, analizamos variables clínico-analíticas y ultrasonográficas concluyendo que la actividad de la enfermedad y la edad se asocian al GIMc diferencialmente según género y que la edad es la variable más importante que determina la PWV (en parte a través de un aumento de la presión arterial sistólica y del índice de masa corporal). Además realizamos una determinación del perfil plasmático de expresión de 754 miRNAs en 7 pacientes varones con AR, en 7 pacientes varones con infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM) precoz (antes de los 55 años) sin AR y en 7 varones controles sanos, detectando 10 miRNAs con una expresión plasmática similar en pacientes con AR e IAM pero infraexpresados significativamente respecto a los controles. En un estudio de validación de estos miRNAs sobre los 214 pacientes demostramos que descensos en la expresión de miR-425-5p en hombres y de miR-451 en mujeres están asociados con valores elevados y bajos de arteriosclerosis subclínica, respectivamente. Además, descensos en la expresión de miR-451 se asocian a menor rigidez arterial en toda nuestra población. Todo ello proporciona la primera evidencia publicada de un posible papel de ambos miRNAs como biomarcadores epigenéticos útiles para valorar el riesgo CV en pacientes con AR.
In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) there is an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease compared to the general population. Ultrasonographic assessment in RA of subclinical atherosclerosis (carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and plaque) and arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx) and distensibility) is a good marker of CV disease. MicroRNAs are independently involved in RA and CV disease and various miRNAs share a role in both pathologies. We hypothesized that a pattern of miRNAs could be identified in RA that define risk of CV disease. In our population of 214 adults with RA, we analyzed clinical-analytical and ultrasound variables, concluding that disease activity and age are differentially associated with cIMT according to gender and that age is the most important variable that determines PWV (in part a through an increase in systolic blood pressure and body mass index). In addition, we carried out a determination of the plasma expression profile of 754 miRNAs in 7 male patients with RA, in 7 male patients with early acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (before 55 years of age) without RA, and in 7 healthy male controls, detecting 10 miRNAs with similar plasma expression in patients with RA and AMI but significantly under-expressed compared to controls. In a validation study of these miRNAs on the 214 patients, we demonstrated that decreases in the expression of miR425-5p in men and of miR-451 in women are associated with high and low values of subclinical atherosclerosis, respectively. Furthermore, decreases in miR-451 expression are associated with lower arterial stiffness in our entire population. All this provides the first published evidence of a possible role of both miRNAs as useful epigenetic biomarkers to assess CV risk in patients with RA
Canchos, Ccahuay Marco Aurelio. "Factores relacionados a accidente cerebrovascular en pacientes atendidos por emergencia del Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza - 2018." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/10368.
Full textTesis
Muñoz, Luna Victoria Estefania. "Asociación de la caries dental con el nivel de conocimiento sobre salud oral de los padres/madres de niños de 3 a 7 años de edad en una institución educativa pública del distrito de Ate - Vitarte." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas - UPC, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/322243.
Full textCastillo, Castillo Juan Lorgio. "Hiperuricemia como factor de riesgo para enfermedad cerebrovascular. Hospital de Apoyo III de Sullana, 2014-2015." Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/7244.
Full textDetermina si la hiperuricemia es un factor de riesgo para enfermedad cerebrovascular. Realiza un estudio prospectivo, transversal y analítico, de casos y controles pareados por edad y sexo. Participan pacientes mayores de 35 años, en las primeras 72 horas de evolución de la enfermedad y que aceptaron participar en el estudio. Se excluyó a los pacientes con antecedentes de ictus, gota, insuficiencia renal o consumo de diuréticos. Los casos estuvieron conformados por pacientes con diagnóstico clínico y tomográfico de ECV y los controles por pacientes con enfermedad distinta. A ambos grupos se les realizó dosaje sérico de ácido úrico en las primeras 24 horas de su ingreso. La muestra está conformada por 170 pacientes (85 casos y 85 controles). Se determinó que el 64,7% de los casos fueron del género masculino y el 74,1% presentaron isquemia cerebral. La hiperuricemia se presentó con mayor frecuencia en los pacientes con enfermedad cerebrovascular entre los 35 a 64 años y en el género masculino. El Odds ratio entre los casos y controles demuestra que la hiperuricemia incrementa el riesgo para enfermedad cerebrovascular en 3 veces (OR = 3,218; IC 95%: 1,56 – 6,614). Los antecedentes más frecuentes en los casos y controles fueron la hipertensión arterial y la dislipidemia.
Tesis
Amarillo, Gutierrez Janet Maritza, and Quispe José Luis Tucunango. "Evaluación de los factores del riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con VIH asociados al tratamiento con antirretrovirales en el hospital III de emergencias Grau-Essalud durante el periodo enero -junio 2010." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/3412.
Full textPresently work was evaluated the factors of cardiovascular risk in patient with HIV, to determine the cardiovascular risk associated to the therapy antirretroviral and to determine the incidence of the metabolic syndrome, in the patients of the Hospital III of Emergencies Grau-EsSalud during the period January-June of the 2010. The study population was constituted by 90 patients, of both sexes, bigger than 18 years and smaller than 65 years, with more than three months of initiate the treatment and with basal study of lipid profile and glucose serum. It was revised clinical histories and the interview was developed with the patient by means of a record of Gathering of data in the Service of Pharmacy, giving as a result that the studied population's 24, 44 % (22 patients) they developed an increment in the values of cardiovascular risk with regard to the half cardiovascular risk to 10 years according to the study of Framingham and found an odds ratio (OR) of 15.46, which means that the risk of making a RC high in patients who were using antiretroviral therapy with protease inhibitors (PI) is 15.46 times more in relation to patients who were antiretroviral therapy without PI. In the present study, through statistical test demonstrates the use of antiretroviral protease inhibitors (PI) as a cardiovascular risk factor.
Tesis
Mariño, Arquiñigo Isabel Milagros, and Cruzado Ivonne Vanessa Montesinos. "Factores de riesgo de enfermedad coronaria en mujeres postmenopáusicas de las grandes alturas y del nivel del mar." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2007. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/11172.
Full textTesis
Chávez, Gonzales Medardo Manuel Francisco. "Disfunción neuropsicológica en pacientes sometidos a derivación aortocoronaria con circulación extracorpórea: estudio de factores de riesgo e impacto en la calidad de vida: enero - diciembre 2004, Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima – Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2505.
Full text--- Introduction. Coronary artery bypass surgery with extracorporeal circulation (CABSEC) is a technique for myocardial revascularization not exempted of complications. Once resolved major complications (strokes, hemorrhage, etc) by recent surgical techniques, our main concern nowadays are the ones arising from the compromise of the cerebral psychic activity. Objective. To determine the incidence of neuropsychological dysfunction (NPD) in patients undergoing DACEC, the presence of risk factors associated with such failures and the impact of these ones in the quality of life. Methodology. 102 patients were studied with psychological tests, before and after CABSEC, to determine the compromise of the affective, cognitive and conative spheres of consciousness. Results. Unstable angina, hypertension and myocardial infarction were the most frequent history. More than 40% had anxiety, 34% depression, 46% compromise of verbal memory and 32% of non-verbal in the preoperative. Type IV reaction predominated (54%) and quality of life was good in 82,3% before surgery. All spheres deteriorated in the early postoperative period, with partial recovery in late. Quality of life improved in 18,6% of patients and experienced a reduction in 28,4% of patients. The compromise in the late global affective sphere had as a risk factor the number of bridges made (1.9 times more for each bridge). The lack of compromise of the affective sphere in the early postoperative, of the affective and conative in the late postoperative and the late cognitive was associated with a reduction of the perception of quality of life. Conclusions. The NPD was increased in the postoperative. The number of bridges, diabetes mellitus, hemoglobin and the minimal blood pressure in the intraoperative were risk factors for neuropsychological dysfunction. The presence of neuropsychological dysfunction diminishes quality of life. Keywords: Neuropsychological dysfunction, Coronary Artery bypass, extracorporeal circulation, risk factors, quality of life.
Tesis
Córdova, Ruiz Miguel Ernesto. "Factores de riesgo modificables para un primer evento de enfermedad vascular cerebral isquémica, en el Hospital Alberto Sabogal Sologuren, en el periodo enero 2002 - diciembre 2002." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2005. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1971.
Full textTesis de segunda especialidad
Rizzo, María Daniela, and Mario Abel Zavala. "Factores de riesgo que inciden en el reingreso de pacientes con EPOC." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería, 2016. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/8632.
Full textFil: Rizzo, María Daniela. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería..
Fil: Zavala, Mario Abel. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería..
Andrea, Gómez de la Torre-del Carpio, de la Torre-del Carpio Andrea Gómez, Alejandra Bocanegra-Jesús, Katia Guinetti-Ortiz, Percy Mayta-Tristan, and Renzo Valdivia-Vega. "Mortalidad precoz en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica que inician hemodiálisis por urgencia en una población peruana: Incidencia y factores de riesgo." Sociedad Española de Nefrología, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624087.
Full textObjectives To estimate early mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease who started emergency haemodialysis between 2012 and 2014 in a national referral hospital in Lima, Peru, and to identify risk factors. Design, characteristics, participants and measurements A retrospective cohort study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of all patients admitted to the hospital's Haemodialysis Unit from 2012 to 2014. Early mortality, defined as death within the first 90 days of starting haemodialysis, as well as age, gender, chronic kidney disease aetiology, comorbidities, cause of death, estimated glomerular filtration rate, vascular access and other variables were evaluated in patients who initiated emergency haemodialysis. Early mortality was estimated using frequencies and risk factors were determined by Poisson regression with robust variance. Results 43.4% of patients were female, 51.5% were aged ≥ 65 years and the early mortality rate was 9.3%. The main risk factors were estimated glomerular filtration rate > 10 ml/min/1.73 m2 (RR: 2.72 [95% CI: 1.60-4.61]); age ≥ 65 years (RR: 2.51 [95% CI: 1.41-4.48]); central venous catheter infection, RR: 2.25 (95% CI: 1.08-4.67); female gender, RR: 2.15 (95% CI: 1.29-3.58); and albumin < 3.5 g/dl (RR: 1.97 [95% CI: 1.01-3.82]). Conclusions Early mortality was 9.3%. The main risk factor was starting haemodialysis with an estimated glomerular filtration rate > 10 ml/min/1.73 m2.
Revisión por pares
Revisión por pares
Hernández, Zúñiga José Daniel. "Prevalencia de síndrome metabólico y enfermedad isquémica coronaria en docentes del distrito de Ica-Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2005. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2049.
Full textTesis de segunda especialidad
Aza, Santamaría Marco Antonio. "Factores de riesgo a enfermedad crítica en niños con influenza AH1N1 en hospitales de EsSalud 2009-2010 Lima – Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/15544.
Full textDetermina los factores de riesgo a enfermedad crítica en niños con influenza AH1N1 en Hospitales de EsSalud. Se revisaron todas las historias clínicas de casos confirmados por influenza AH1N1 de niños de 0-14 años internados en 03 centros desde el 1/6/09 al 31/7/10 en un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo. El diagnóstico viral se confirmó por método RT-PCR. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las variables continuas o discretas, también un análisis bivariado entre los casos de Enfermedad crítica y los que no tenían Enfermedad crítica con Influenza AH1N1, mediante el T de Students o Chi2. Encuentra que el número total de casos: 51; 59% Mujeres, contacto previo con personas con sintomatología respiratoria 68.63%, síntomas más frecuentes: fiebre 100%, tos 92%. Se internaron 19.6% en la UCIP. La letalidad encontrada en el estudio fue de 9.8%. rango de 2-5 y 5-14 años con RR 0.11,RR 0.04 y p= 0.019,p=0.02 respectivamente en relación menores de 2 años. Enfermedad neurológica crónica RR 5.12 (p= 0.046). Desnutrición crónica RR 22.28 (p=0.009). Días de tratamiento con oseltamivir y días de estancia hospitalaria tuvieron RR de 1.79 y 1.20 , así como p= 0.041 y p=0.002 respectivamente. Concluye que la enfermedad neurológica crónica, desnutrición crónica y menores de 2 años son los factores de riesgo para desarrollar enfermedad crítica por influenza AH1N1.
Trabajo académico
Paredes, Espinoza Magaly, and Córdova Elvis Daniel Manosalva. "Factores de riesgo de enfermedad coronaria en varones mayores de 50 años residentes en Cerro de Pasco 4340 m." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/835.
Full text-- In this study, was developed a descriptive study about lipid profile, paraoxonase/arylesterase enzyme activity and Body Mass Index (BMI) in men over 50 years old; 37 residents in Cerro de Pasco City (4340 m.o.s.l.) and 37 residents in Lima. Biochemical test were performed in January 2007 in “Instituto de Biología Andina” of the “Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos”. There were found that the values for residents in Lima: lipid profile (mg/dl): TC: 165.89 mg/dl, HDL-C: 33.68 mg/dl, LDL-C: 92.82 mg/dl, TG: 196.98 mg/dl; paraoxonase/arylesterase (kU/L): 65.4; BMI: 28.96; arterial pressure (mmHg): SP: 121.89, DP: 74.59 and for residents in Cerro de Pasco: TC: 245.27 mg/dl, HDL-C: 47.53 mg/dl, LDL-C: 163.52 mg/dl, TG: 171.19 mg/dl); paraoxonase/arylesterase (kU/L): 81.64; BMI: 25.37; SP: 25.37; DP: 66.97. -- Key Words: Men, Coronary disease, altitude.
Tesis
Zaña, Asunción Manuel Alberto. "Infección por VIH y embarazo en el Hospital Nacional Docente Madre-Niño San Bartolomé, 1995-2001." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1956.
Full textTesis de segunda especialidad
Ramírez, Flores Sara Elizabeth. "Valoración de la glicemia al ingreso como factor de riesgo predictivo de mortalidad y morbilidad intrahospitalaria en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/12942.
Full textTrabajo académico