Relevant bibliographies by topics / Engineered Nanomaterials

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Engineered Nanomaterials'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Engineered Nanomaterials"

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Kreider, Timothy, and William Halperin. "Engineered Nanomaterials." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 53 (June 2011): S108—S112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jom.0b013e31821b146a.

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Dong, Chenbo, Reem Eldawud, Linda M. Sargent, et al. "Carbon nanotube uptake changes the biomechanical properties of human lung epithelial cells in a time-dependent manner." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 3, no. 19 (2015): 3983–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tb00179j.

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Aslani, Farzad, Samira Bagheri, Nurhidayatullaili Muhd Julkapli, Abdul Shukor Juraimi, Farahnaz Sadat Golestan Hashemi, and Ali Baghdadi. "Effects of Engineered Nanomaterials on Plants Growth: An Overview." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/641759.

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Rapid development and wide applications of nanotechnology brought about a significant increment on the number of engineered nanomaterials (ENs) inevitably entering our living system. Plants comprise of a very important living component of the terrestrial ecosystem. Studies on the influence of engineered nanomaterials (carbon and metal/metal oxides based) on plant growth indicated that in the excess content, engineered nanomaterials influences seed germination. It assessed the shoot-to-root ratio and the growth of the seedlings. From the toxicological studies to date, certain types of engineered nanomaterials can be toxic once they are not bound to a substrate or if they are freely circulating in living systems. It is assumed that the different types of engineered nanomaterials affect the different routes, behavior, and the capability of the plants. Furthermore, different, or even opposing conclusions, have been drawn from most studies on the interactions between engineered nanomaterials with plants. Therefore, this paper comprehensively reviews the studies on the different types of engineered nanomaterials and their interactions with different plant species, including the phytotoxicity, uptakes, and translocation of engineered nanomaterials by the plant at the whole plant and cellular level.
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Card, Jeffrey W., and Bernadene A. Magnuson. "A Method to Assess the Quality of Studies That Examine the Toxicity of Engineered Nanomaterials." International Journal of Toxicology 29, no. 4 (2010): 402–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091581810370720.

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As reports on the safety of various nanomaterials have yielded conflicting results, assessment of the reliability of each study is required to objectively interpret overall safety of the nanomaterial. A 2-step method to assess the quality of nanotoxicity studies is described. The first step uses a publicly available tool to rank the reliability of the study based on adequacy of design and documentation of methods, materials, and results, providing a “study score.” The second step determines the completeness of physicochemical characterization of the nanomaterial/nanomaterials assessed within the study, providing a “nanomaterial score.” This approach is encouraged to promote the notion that for studies conducted with nanomaterials, the combination of a reliable study and sufficient nanomaterial characterization is of significantly greater value than either of these alone. It is anticipated that the use and evolution of this approach will assist with the design and interpretation of studies assessing nanomaterial toxicity.
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Nienhaus, Karin, Yumeng Xue, Li Shang, and Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus. "Protein adsorption onto nanomaterials engineered for theranostic applications." Nanotechnology 33, no. 26 (2022): 262001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac5e6c.

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Abstract The key role of biomolecule adsorption onto engineered nanomaterials for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes has been well recognized by the nanobiotechnology community, and our mechanistic understanding of nano-bio interactions has greatly advanced over the past decades. Attention has recently shifted to gaining active control of nano-bio interactions, so as to enhance the efficacy of nanomaterials in biomedical applications. In this review, we summarize progress in this field and outline directions for future development. First, we briefly review fundamental knowledge about the intricate interactions between proteins and nanomaterials, as unraveled by a large number of mechanistic studies. Then, we give a systematic overview of the ways that protein-nanomaterial interactions have been exploited in biomedical applications, including the control of protein adsorption for enhancing the targeting efficiency of nanomedicines, the design of specific protein adsorption layers on the surfaces of nanomaterials for use as drug carriers, and the development of novel nanoparticle array-based sensors based on nano-bio interactions. We will focus on particularly relevant and recent examples within these areas. Finally, we conclude this topical review with an outlook on future developments in this fascinating research field.
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Donner, Maria, Lang Tran, Julie Muller, and Henk Vrijhof. "Genotoxicity of engineered nanomaterials." Nanotoxicology 4, no. 4 (2010): 345–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17435390.2010.482750.

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Arepalli, Sivaram, and Padraig Moloney. "Engineered nanomaterials in aerospace." MRS Bulletin 40, no. 10 (2015): 804–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2015.231.

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Gonzalez, Norma, and Linda Johnston. "Safety of Engineered Nanomaterials." Chemistry International 40, no. 4 (2018): 28–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ci-2018-0415.

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Chen, Yuanyuan, Hui Jiang, Xiaohui Liu, and Xuemei Wang. "Engineered Electrochemiluminescence Biosensors for Monitoring Heavy Metal Ions: Current Status and Prospects." Biosensors 14, no. 1 (2023): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios14010009.

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Metal ion contamination has serious impacts on environmental and biological health, so it is crucial to effectively monitor the levels of these metal ions. With the continuous progression of optoelectronic nanotechnology and biometrics, the emerging electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensing technology has not only proven its simplicity, but also showcased its utility and remarkable sensitivity in engineered monitoring of residual heavy metal contaminants. This comprehensive review begins by introducing the composition, advantages, and detection principles of ECL biosensors, and delving into the engineered aspects. Furthermore, it explores two signal amplification methods: biometric element-based strategies (e.g., HCR, RCA, EDC, and CRISPR/Cas) and nanomaterial (NM)-based amplification, including quantum dots, metal nanoclusters, carbon-based nanomaterials, and porous nanomaterials. Ultimately, this review envisions future research trends and engineered technological enhancements of ECL biosensors to meet the surging demand for metal ion monitoring.
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Bhimwal, Dr Mahesh Kumar, and DEEPSHIKHA SHARMA. "Nanosolutions for a Sustainable Tomorrow: Harnessing Nanomaterials for a Green Environment." Contemporary Advances in Science and Technology 07, no. 01 (2024): 01–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.70130/cast.2024.7101.

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Nanomaterials have various advantages, but we still do not fully understand how they can affect the environment and public health. When engineered at the nanoscale, even familiar materials such as silver may become dangerous. Certain nanomaterials may be found in nature, such as lipids present in human fat and blood and proteins carried by the blood that are vital to life. However, engineered nanomaterials are of great interest to scientists. Engineered nanomaterials have piqued the interest of scientists because they are intended for application in a wide range of consumer goods, gadgets, and constructions. Currently, engineered nanomaterials are used in the production of hundreds of everyday products, such as electronics, sporting goods, sunscreens, cosmetics, and clothes that resist stains. They work in environmental cleanup, pharmaceutical delivery, medical diagnostics, and imaging.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Engineered Nanomaterials"

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Ahmad, Abo Markeb Ahmad Mohamed. "Environmental applications of engineered nanomaterials: synthesis and characterization." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/454768.

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Aquesta tesi es basa en el desenvolupament (síntesi) de diferents nanomaterials per a la seva aplicació com a materials adsorbents per a l'eliminació de contaminants en aigua (anions inorgànics, metalls pesats i pesticides) i per l'adsorció de gas metà. El desenvolupament dels diferents materials s'ha basat en una extensa recerca bibliogràfica de l'estat de l'art dels materials utilitzats actualment per a aquesta aplicació, i s'ha tractat de millorar l'eficiència del procés mitjançant l'ús de nanomaterials. Amb aquest objectiu s’han sintetitzat materials magnètics per diferents mètodes. En alguns casos, aquests han estat funcionalitzats amb grups orgànics per adaptar i/o millorar la seva funció d'adsorció o estabilitzar-los en suports (polímers, zeolites, esponges, etc.) per millorar la seva aplicació a una escala real en un futur. A més, es va desenvolupar un nou mètode per a la formació de nanopartícules core-shell amb un nucli de magnetita. Tots els nanomaterials sintetitzats s'han caracteritzat en profunditat, utilitzant les tècniques més avançades per a la caracterització dels nanomaterials. Tècniques com ara la microscòpia electrònica, difracció de raigs X, entre d'altres, permeten conèixer les característiques i propietats dels materials (mida, dispersió, estructura cristal·lina, etc.) i per tant concloure la seva contribució a l'eficàcia de cada un dels materials adsorbents. Pel que fa als contaminants en aigua, el treball se centra en el fluorur, el fosfat, el nitrat, els metalls cadmi i níquel i pesticides, destacant l'obtenció de resultats excepcionals per a les nanopartícules de Ce-Ti@Fe3O4. En el cas de tractament de gas, per una banda s'ha desenvolupat un nou nanomaterial basat en nanopartícules magnètiques estabilitzades en esponges de poliuretà que ha presentat resultats interessants per a l'adsorció de metà. A més, s'ha col·laborat amb la Institut Català de Nanotecnologia per a l'aplicabilitat dels Metal Organic Frameworks en l'oxidació de CO. Una altra aplicació que s'ha donat a les nanopartícules magnètiques ha estat la seva utilització en la separació de algues procedents de processos de tractament d’aigües, per tal de substituir el procés actual de decantació. Amb tot això, la tesi ofereix una gamma de nanomaterials per a diferents usos en enginyeria ambiental, amb la possibilitat d'investigar i desenvolupar en la seva aplicabilitat a gran escala. Amb aquesta finalitat, es proporcionen diferents solucions per a la millora del medi ambient.<br>This thesis is based on the development (synthesis) of different nanomaterials for their application as adsorbent materials for the removal of pollutants from water (inorganic anions, heavy metals and pesticides) and for the adsorption of methane gas. The development of the different materials has been based on an extensive bibliographical search of the state of the art of the materials currently used for this application, and it has been tried to improve the efficiency of the process by using nanomaterials. Thus, magnetic (magnetite) nanoparticles are synthesized by different methods. These are functionalized with organic groups to adapt and/or improve their adsorption function or stabilize in supports (polymers, zeolites, sponges, etc.) to improve their application on a real scale. In addition, a new method for the formation of core-shell nanoparticles with a magnetite core is developed. All the synthesized nanomaterials have been characterized in depth, using the most advanced techniques for the characterization of nanomaterials. Techniques such as electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, among others, allow to know the characteristics and properties of the materials (size, dispersion, crystallinity, structure, etc.) and thus conclude their contribution to the efficiency of their application with adsorbent material. As for the contaminants in water, the work focuses on fluoride, phosphates, nitrates, cadmium, nickel and pesticides, obtaining outstanding results for the nanoparticles of Ce-Ti @Fe3O4. In the case of gas treatment, on the one hand has developed a new nanomaterial based on magnetic nanoparticles stabilized in polyurethane sponges which present interesting results for the adsorption of methane and great applicability on a real scale. In addition, we have collaborated with the Institut Català de Nanotecnologia for the applicability of Metal Organic Frameworks in the oxidation of CO. Another application that has been given to magnetic nanoparticles has been its use to separate algae from wastewater treatment processes, in order to substitute the current sedimentation processes. With all this, the thesis offers a range of nanomaterials for different uses in environmental engineering, with the possibility of investigating and developing on its applicability on a large scale. To this end, different solutions are provided for the improvement of the environment.
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Pomar-Portillo, Vicenç. "Engineered nanomaterials release from nano-enabled products." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673070.

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The increased presence of nano-enabled products in multiple applications has raised concerns about its potential risks to human health and the environment. Therefore, there is a need for a responsible and coordinated approach to ensure that potential safety issues are being addressed at the same time as the technology is developing. The research presented in this PhD Thesis has the objective to contribute to the understanding of the potential human and environmental risks associated with engineered nanomaterials and nano-enabled products by generating relevant data on engineered nanomaterials released from nano-enabled products along their life cycle. The objective has been tackled from three different perspectives: Firstly, by upgrading and refining material flow models that allow the prediction of engineered nanomaterials concentration in the environment; secondly, by generating release data from experimental simulations with multiple nano-enabled products; and thirdly, by evaluating the current research performed in Nanosafety Projects funded by the European Commission and suggesting where future research on release studies should focus. The material flow model refinement is presented in the form of one peer-reviewed publication. In this study, a country-specific assessment of the flows to the environment from production to end-of-life of nano-Ag, -TiO2 and -ZnO within Europe is described. The MF model provided insights on potential exposure to the environment. The outcomes from the model were ENM concentrations (tonnes/km2) in different environmental compartments due to release. From these data, via realistic fate and exposure assessment, the data could be used to determine the potential risk that nano-TiO2, -ZnO and -Ag releases could pose to the environment. The release data generation from experiments is presented by two peer-reviewed publications and five unpublished results. In the first publication, the release from a fluorescent ink containing CdTe quantum dots during inkjet printing is evaluated. In the second publication, the release mechanisms of Polyamide 6 nanocomposites under weathering conditions are assessed. Nanocomposites containing nano-SiO2, -TiO2, -ZnO, multiwalled carbon nanotubes and two nano-organoclays were included in the study. Regarding the five unpublished studies, three of them are related to the use phase: household washing of curtains containing nano-TiO2, weathering and abrasion of an asphalt coating containing nano-TiO2 and household washing of a textile incorporating nano-Ag in different forms (nanoparticles and two nanowires of different lengths). The other two unpublished studies are related to the end-of-life, both of them considering the potential leaching that occurs in landfills. One study evaluates a camping tent containing nano-Ag and the other a printed circuit for electronics with conductive ink containing nano-Ag. . An exhaustive characterisation was done in all the cases on both starting materials (engineered nanomaterials before being incorporated in the product), in the nano-enabled products before and after the respective experiments, and also on the released materials. The main outcomes were release rates and release forms, which were included in publically accessible databases to be used by the entire nanosafety community. The evaluation of the current research performed in Nanosafety Projects funded by the European Commission and the suggestions where future research on release studies should focus is presented in the form of one peer-reviewed publication. The purpose of analysing the nanosafety research was to provide an overview of the products studied compared to what can realistically be found in the market (i.e. the exposure relevant materials that workers, consumers and the environment may be exposed to). In addition, the inventory also provided a rich source of information from which readers with different data needs can extract their own conclusions, providing relevant insights for the nanosafety community The combination of key information and analyses deriving from the different studies allowed the extraction of conclusions and recommendations to contribute to the understanding of the potential human and environmental risks associated with engineered nanomaterials and nano- enabled products, which is described in the discussions and conclusions section.<br>La major presència de productes amb nanomaterials en múltiples aplicacions ha suscitat preocupacions sobre els seus possibles riscos per a la salut humana i el medi ambient. Per tant, cal un enfocament responsable i coordinat per garantir que s'aborden els possibles problemes de seguretat a el mateix temps que es desenvolupa la tecnologia. La investigació presentada en aquesta tesi doctoral té com a objectiu contribuir a la comprensió dels possibles riscos humans i ambientals associats amb els nanomaterials i els productes que en continguin, mitjançant la generació de dades rellevants sobre el seu alliberament al llarg del seu cicle de vida. L'objectiu s'ha abordat des de tres perspectives diferents: en primer lloc, mitjançant l'actualització i perfeccionament dels models de flux de materials,; en segon lloc, generant dades d'alliberament a partir d'experiments amb múltiples productes que contenen nanomaterials; i en tercer lloc, avaluant la investigació realitzada en Projectes de Nanoseguretat finançats per la Comissió Europea. El perfeccionament del model de flux de materials es presenta mitjançant una publicació científica. En aquest estudi, es descriu una avaluació específica per a cada país Europeu dels fluxos a l'entorn, des de la producció fins al final de la vida útil de nano-Ag, -TiO2 i -ZnO. La generació de dades d'alliberament a partir d'experiments es presenta mitjançant dues publicacions científiques i cinc resultats no publicats. Per a tots els experiments es van determinar les velocitats d'alliberament i les formes d'alliberament. Mitjançant l'avaluació de la recerca realitzada en Projectes de Nanoseguretat finançats per la Comissió Europea s’han generat suggeriments sobre en qué hauria de centrar-se la investigació futura sobre estudis d'alliberament, el qual es presenta també mitjançant una publicació científica. La combinació de la informació generada i l'anàlisi derivat dels diferents estudis permet l'extracció de conclusions i recomanacions que contribueixen a la comprensió dels possibles riscos humans i ambientals associats als nanomaterials i els productes que en continguin, el que es descriu a la secció de discussions i conclusions.
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Zhang, Yongbin. "Toxicological and pharmacological actions of engineered nanomaterials." Click HERE to connect, 2009. http://digital.library.okstate.edu/etd/Zhang_okstate_0664D_10173.pdf.

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Nota, Nomakhwezi Kumbuzile Constance. "Estimated environmental risks of engineered nanomaterials in Gauteng." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6809.

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Lewis, Ricky W. "TOXICITY OF ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS TO PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pss_etds/77.

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Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have become ubiquitous in consumer products and industrial applications, and consequently the environment. Much of the environmentally released ENMs are expected to enter terrestrial ecosystems via land application of nano-enriched biosolids to agricultural fields. Among the organisms most likely to encounter nano-enriched biosolids are the key soil bacteria known as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). I reviewed what is known concerning the toxicological effects of ENMs to PGPR and observed the need for high-throughput methods to evaluate lethal and sublethal toxic responses of aerobic microbes. I addressed this issue by developing high-throughput microplate assays which allowed me to normalize oxygen consumption responses to viable cell estimates. Oxygen consumption is a crucial step in cellular respiration which may be examined relatively easily along with viability and may provide insight into the metabolic/physiological response of bacteria to toxic substances. Because many of the most toxic nanomaterials (i.e. metal containing materials) exhibit some level of ionic dissolution, I first developed my methods by examining metal ion responses in the PGPR, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB03. I found this bacterium exhibits differential oxygen consumption responses to Ag+, Zn2+, and Ni2+. Exposure to Ag+ elicited pronounced increases in O2 consumption, particularly when few viable cells were observed. Also, while Ni2+ and Zn2+ are generally thought to induce similar toxic responses, I found O2 consumption per viable cell was much more variable during Ni2+ exposure and that Zn2+ induced increased O2 utilization to a lesser extent than Ag+. Additionally, I showed my method is useful for probing toxicity of traditional antibiotics by observing large increases in O2 utilization in response to streptomycin, which was used as a positive control due to its known effects on bacterial respiration. After showing the utility of my method for examining metal ion responses in a single species of PGPR, I investigated the toxicity of silver ENMs (AgENMs) and ions to three PGPR, B. amyloliquefaciens GB03, Sinorhizobium meliloti 2011, and Pseudomonas putida UW4. The ENM exposures consisted of untransformed, polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver ENMs (PVP-AgENMs) and 100% sulfidized silver ENMs (sAgENMs), which are representative of environmentally transformed AgENMs. I observed species specific O2 consumption responses to silver ions and PVP-AgENMs. Specifically, P. putida exhibited increased O2 consumption across the observed range of viable cells, while B. amyloliquefaciens exhibited responses similar to those found in my first study. Additionally, S. meliloti exhibited more complex responses to Ag+ and PVP-AgENMs, with decreased O2 consumption when cell viability was ~50-75% of no metal controls and increased O2 consumption when cell viability was <50%. I also found the abiotically dissolved fraction of the PVP-AgENMs was likely responsible for most of the toxic response, while abiotic dissolution did not explain the toxicity of sAgENMs. My work has yielded a straightforward, cost-effective, and high-throughput method of evaluating viability and oxygen consumption in aerobic bacteria. I have used this method to test a broad range of toxic substances, including, metal ions, antibiotics, and untransformed and transformed ENMs. I observed species specific toxic responses to Ag+, PVP-AgENMs, and sAgENMs in PGPR. These results not only show the clear utility of the methodology, but also that it will be crucial to continue examining the responses of specific bacterial strains even as nanotoxicology, as a field, must move toward more complex and environmentally relevant systems.
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Agnew, Rachel Elizabeth. "The Characterization and Size Distribution of Engineered Carbon Nanomaterials." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1243362684.

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Nazemidashtarjandi, Saeed. "Interactions of Engineered Nanomaterials with the Cell Plasma Membrane." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1617363923755762.

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Pecoraro, Roberta. "Toxicity evaluation of new engineered nanomaterials in model organisms." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/3998.

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According to the definition adopted by European Commission in 2011 a nanomaterial (NM) is a natural, incidental or manufactured material containing particles, in an unbound state or as an aggregate or as an agglomerate and where, for 50% or more of the particles in the number size distribution, one or more external dimensions is in the size range 1 nm-100 nm (European Commission, 2011/696/EU). NM exhibit peculiar characteristics (e.g. small size, large surface area to mass ratio, shape, surface charge, reactive surface groups, state of agglomeration) that confer them properties substantially different from those of the bulk particles of the same composition. Due to their widespread use in the consumer and industrial products, NMs can be released into the environment and it has been raised concern of the scientists about this question (Royal Society and the Royal Academy of Engineering, 2004). The effects that NMs have on aquatic organisms depend on their characteristics influenced by environmental parameters. NMs enter the aquatic organisms mainly through the epithelial surfaces (such as gills, skin) or direct ingestion (Moore, 2006). After crossing the cell membrane, NMs may be stored in vesicles, mitochondria and additional organelles within epithelial cells. They may generate reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, apoptosis and necrosis (Oberdörster et al., 2005). Ecotoxicological tests of NMs should first consider the behaviour of NMs in the aquatic environment and the conditions that may influence aggregation state. For example, some NMs are almost impossible to disperse in water by physical methods such as sonication or stirring and may require the use of a dispersing agent. The choice of dispersant is problematic since some of the best dispersants from a chemistry point of view are also toxic to organisms. The potential for NMs to cause oxidative injury in fish and invertebrates remains controversial. Bar-Ilan et al., 2009 showed that silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) induced almost 100% mortality in larvae of Danio rerio after acute exposure and a variety of embryonic morphological malformations were observed. A study showed that gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are non toxic at the employed concentrations and do not cause obvious abnormalities in developing zebrafish embryos (Asharani et al., 2010). Zhu et al. (2009) observed effects on mortality and immobility on D. magna in the case of titanium nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) nanoparticles smaller than 20 nm. Currently there is a lack of knowledge about long-term risks and potential mechanisms of toxicity of NMs; the industrial-scale application of engineered nanomaterials in many areas of daily life raises the question of the security of these systems because the nanodimensions are able to overcome natural barriers, resulting in potential biological damage. The main aim of this Ph.D. Thesis was the evaluation of the potential toxic effects of several NMs on aquatic organisms used as models considering their increasing use in the product market. Short and long-term ecotoxicological assays developed, searching for specific biomarkers of exposure by immunohistochemistry, western blotting and gene expression analysis.
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Brunelli, Andrea <1984&gt. "Advanced physico-chemical characterization of engineered nanomaterials in nanotoxicology." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/4656.

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L'ampio utilizzo di nanomateriali ingegnerizzati (ENM) in svariati prodotti sta suscitando una crescente attenzione sull potenziale rischio di ENM nei confronti della salute umana e l'ambiente. Nonostante le indagini tossicologiche fin qui condotte, solo in poche di esse è stata condotta la caratterizzazione di ENM prima, durante e dopo i test tossicologici. In questa tesi, all’interno del progetto europeo EU-FP7 (ENPRA) e nazionale (PRIN 2009), è stata effettuata una caratterizzazione completa di alcuni più diffusi ENM (i.e. n-TiO2, n-ZnO, n-Ag e MWCNT). In primo luogo, sono stati aggiornati i dati di caratterizzazione primaria con ulteriori analisi; inoltre, è stata effettuata la caratterizzazione secondaria di ENM, indagando il loro comportamento in matrici ambientali. I risultati ottenuti mostrano che la stabilità di ENM è stata principalmente influenzata da agenti stabilizzanti (in mezzi biologici) e dalla concentrazione iniziale di ENM (in acque sia artificiali e reali). Inoltre, la biodistribuzione di ENM negli organi studiati è stata maggiormente influenzata dalla composizione chimica e dimensione delle particelle indagate. Sono discussi sia l'approccio di caratterizzazione proposto che l'implicazione dei risultati ottenuti.<br>The extensive use of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) in both industrial and consumer products is triggering a growing attention on the potential risk of ENM posed to human health and the environment. Despite the intensive toxicological investigations, both in vitro and in vivo, only few of them have embedded a solid characterization approach, including the study of ENM before, during and after toxicological testing. Within EU-FP7 (ENPRA) and national (Toxicological and environmental behaviour of nano-sized titanium dioxide) projects activities, a comprehensive characterization of both inorganic (n-TiO2, n-ZnO, n-Ag) and organic (multiwalled carbon nanotubes, MWCNT) ENM was carried out, updating and adding primary characterization data, investigating particle size, shape, crystallite size, crystalline phases, specific surface area, pore volume as well as inorganic impurities of concern. Electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, BET method and Inductively coupled plasma- mass spectrometry or optical spectroscopy were the employed techniques. With regard to the secondary characterization of ENM, the study was divided in: (a) assessing the engineered nanoparticles (ENP) behavior in biological (0.256 mg ENP/ml) as well as in real and synthetic waters (environmentally realistic concentrations: 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg n-TiO2 P25/l) over different time interval (24 h in biological media instead of 50 h in water media) to mimic duration of toxicological tests, by means of Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), analytical centrifugation and nephelometry; (b) evaluating the ENM biodistribution in a secondary target organ (i.e. mice brain) after intratracheally instillation of ENM (0, 1, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 ug ENM/animal tested), achieved by a microwave-assisted digestion method, followed by ICP-MS analysis, after selecting inorganic elements (i.e. Ti, Zn, Ag, Al and Co) as tracers of ENM presence in biological tissues. To investigate the ENP behavior in biological media and ENM biodistribution in mice, both dispersion protocols of the selected ENP and analytical protocols for ENM detection after toxicological testing were provided. The study of ENP stability in biological media highlighted that the fetal bovine serum (FBS) is the main parameter affected the ENP behavior. Among biological media tested, the largest size distributions, immediately after sample preparation, were irecorded for n-TiO2 NRCWE-003 dispersions. n-ZnO NM-111 dispersions were the most stable (12% average demixing, simulating 24 h of real sedimentation), except for Ag NM-300, originally received as dispersion (<1% average demixing). As expected, the ENP sedimentation rates investigated in the biological medium without any stabilizer (i.e. RPMI), were the highest for the whole set of ENP tested. In general, the highest sedimentation rates were recorded for n-TiO2 NM-101 and n-Ag 47MN-03 dispersions (51% average demixing, simulating 24 h of real sedimentation). The study of the n-TiO2 P25 stability in waters showed that agglomeration and sedimentation of n-TiO2 were mainly affected by the initial concentration. Sedimentation data fitted satisfactorily (R2 average: 0.90; 0.74<R2>0.98) with a first- order kinetic equation. The settling rate constant, k, increased by approx. one order of magnitude by moving from the lowest to the highest concentration, resulting very similar especially for all dispersions at 1 (k = 8•10-6 s-1) and 10 mg/l (k = 2•10-5 s-1) n- TiO2, regardless the ionic strength and composition of dispersions. The results from ENM biodistribution underlined that the chemical composition and the particle size were the main parameters that influenced the ENM partitioning into organs. Ti from n-TiO2 samples with the smallest particle size distribution tested (80-400 nm and 4-100 nm) and Al from MWCNT samples were the only inorganic tracers detected in mice brain. The whole characterization approach and the implication of these results are discussed.
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Basei, Gianpietro <1987&gt. "Computational tools for the safety assessment of engineered nanomaterials." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/14991.

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The increasing use of engineered nanomaterials (NMs) in nano-enabled products (NEPs) has raised societal concerns about their possible health and ecological implications. Indeed, despite their clear benefits, NMs may pose environmental, health and safety (EHS) issues. In Europe, the safety of chemicals is subject to the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) regulation, which requires a thorough Risk Assessment along their life cycles prior to introduction on to the market. However, the heterogeneity of NMs, with respect to physicochemical properties and observed (eco)toxicological effects, makes their case-by-case information gathering for Risk Assessment unsustainable in terms of costs, time, and number of test animals. This has required the development of Integrated Approaches to Testing and Assessment (IATA) in compliance with the 3R (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement) principles of reducing animal testing to assist industries and regulators in decision making related to the safety of NMs. It is thus essential to make the best use of the available data resources to develop robust in silico methods such as (Quantitative) Structure-Activity Relationships ((Q)SARs) and Grouping for Read-Across models as part of IATA, to inform regulatory Risk Assessment and Safe-by-Design (SbD) decision making. In this context, the EU funded SUstainable Nanotechnology (SUN) project, aimed at combining the bottom-up development of EHS tools, knowledge and data with their top-down integration into a Decision Support System (SUNDS, https://www.sunds.gd/) for risk management of NMs. In this thesis, the SUN project is introduced, and an overview on SUNDS and its structure is provided, focusing on the Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) and the Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) modules, which are evaluated against real-world case studies. Then, the available in silico methods to predict the hazard endpoints are critically reviewed, highlighting their strengths and their limitations and proposing a roadmap for future research in this area, including the adoption of more advanced Machine Learning techniques. Finally, two novel approaches are proposed: the former combines experimental results from simple and fast techniques with multivariate statistical methods to support SbD strategies by highlighting how surface modification can affect the colloidal stability of nanoscale titanium dioxide (TiO2), while the latter uses in a promising way the Subspace Clustering as a tool for the Read-Across and the Classification of NMs, by finding clusters in different Subspaces of the source data, learning a model in these Subspaces, and applying a basic Transfer Learning by projecting the target data on the subspace.
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Books on the topic "Engineered Nanomaterials"

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Sarma, Hemen, Sonam Gupta, Mahesh Narayan, Ram Prasad, and Anand Krishnan, eds. Engineered Nanomaterials for Innovative Therapies and Biomedicine. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82918-6.

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Arefe, Ghidewon. Engineered Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Advanced Opto-electronic Applications. [publisher not identified], 2018.

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National Research Council (U.S.). Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, National Research Council (U.S.). National Materials and Manufacturing Board, and National Research Council (U.S.). Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology, eds. A research strategy for environmental, health and safety aspects of engineered nanomaterials. National Academies Press, 2012.

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Şeker, Urartu Özgür Şafak, and Ebru Sahin Kehribar. Genetically Engineered Protein Nanomaterials. Springer, 2020.

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Marius Avramescu, Sorin, Kalsoom Akhtar, Irina Fierascu, Sher Bahadar Khan, Fayaz Ali, and Abdullah M. Asiri, eds. Engineered Nanomaterials - Health and Safety. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.83105.

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Adverse Effects of Engineered Nanomaterials. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2010-0-67111-2.

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Luther, Wolfgang, and Axel Zweck. Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials. Jenny Stanford Publishing, 2016.

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Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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Exposure to Engineered Nanomaterials in the Environment. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2017-0-01491-x.

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Dobrovolskaia, Marina A., and Scott E. McNeil. Handbook of Immunological Properties of Engineered Nanomaterials. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/8390.

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Book chapters on the topic "Engineered Nanomaterials"

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Misra, Superb K., Teresa D. Tetley, Andrew Thorley, Aldo R. Boccaccini, and Eugenia Valsami-Jones. "Engineered Nanomaterials." In Pollutants, Human Health and the Environment. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119950127.ch11.

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Keshari, Roshan, and Bhingaradiya Nutan. "Engineered Magnetic Nanoparticles." In Nanomaterials in Healthcare. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003322368-6.

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McDonald, Calum, Tamilselvan Velusamy, Davide Mariotti, and Vladimir Svrcek. "Surface-engineered silicon nanocrystals." In Silicon Nanomaterials Sourcebook. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315153544-16.

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Bernardo, Marcela P., Francys K. V. Moreira, Luiz H. C. Mattoso, and Sebastian Raja. "Innovations in Antimicrobial Engineered Nanomaterials." In Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04477-0_10.

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Johnston, Linda J., Elisabeth Mansfield, and Gregory J. Smallwood. "Physicochemical Properties of Engineered Nanomaterials." In Metrology and Standardization of Nanotechnology. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527800308.ch5.

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Jo, Dong Hyun, Jin Gyeong Son, Jin Hyoung Kim, Tae Geol Lee, and Jeong Hun Kim. "Biological Properties of Engineered Nanomaterials." In Metrology and Standardization of Nanotechnology. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527800308.ch6.

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Petrarca, Claudia, Luca Di Giampaolo, Paola Pedata, Sara Cortese, and Mario Di Gioacchino. "Engineered Nanomaterials and Occupational Allergy." In Current Topics in Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine. Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0351-6_3.

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Kumar, Ravi Shankar, Muhammad Arif, and Tushar Sharma. "Foam Stabilization Using Engineered Nanomaterials." In Advancements in Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery. Apple Academic Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003453727-10.

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Petit, Anne-Noëlle. "Phytotoxicity of Engineered Nanomaterials (ENMs)." In Encyclopedia of Aquatic Ecotoxicology. Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5704-2_79.

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Monteiro-Riviere, Nancy A. "Skin Penetration of Engineered Nanomaterials." In Nanotechnology in Dermatology. Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5034-4_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Engineered Nanomaterials"

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Kaczerewska, O., I. Sousa, J. Figueiredo, R. Martins, S. Loureiro, and J. Tedim. "Silica Nanocapsules Based on Gemini Surfactant as Environmentally Friendly Nanocontainers for Corrosion Protection in Seawater." In CORROSION 2021. AMPP, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2021-16741.

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ABSTRACT Encapsulation of active agents (corrosion inhibitors, pH indicators) has been described as a promising approach to impart controlled release and limit detrimental interactions between the active agents and the coating matrix. Mesoporous silica nanocapsules (SiNC) are engineered materials widely used for encapsulation. One synthesis route reported in the literature for these materials is based on a one-step emulsification process (oil-in-water microemulsion), using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as emulsifier of the microemulsion. However, CTAB is also a source of toxicity to marine species, thus its replacement by other surfactants has been suggested. This work describes the synthesis of new silica nanocapsules loaded with corrosion inhibitor 2-mercaptobenzothiazol (MBT) by using a gemini surfactant as a potential replacement for CTAB. The obtained nanocapsules were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and BET for pore size and surface area analysis. All the parameters were compared with those for nanocapsules based on CTAB, as well as ecotoxicity in relevant marine species. Nanocapsules were characterized by electrochemical techniques for anticorrosion applications, showing that they can be a prospective, new generation of nanomaterials with lower toxicity.
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Nagesha, Dattatri, Mansoor M. Amiji, and Srinivas Sridhar. "Surface-Engineered Nanomaterials for Nanomedicine." In ASME 2006 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2006-21045.

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An important feature of nanoparticles is the increased ratio of surface area to volume resulting in large percentage of the atoms on the surface, making them very reactive and offers opportunities to manipulate the properties through these surface atoms. For the most efficient use of nanoparticles in various applications, including biology and medicine, it is important to be able to manipulate the surface chemistry. This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of nanoparticles and the various surface engineering techniques that are utilized for optimizing their applications in nanomedicine.
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Ferry, Nicholas, Kishwar Ahmed, and Samia Tasnim. "Protein Corona Formation Prediction on Engineered Nanomaterials." In 2023 IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology (eIT). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eit57321.2023.10187259.

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Metryka, Oliwia, Daniel Wasilkowski, Anna Nowak, Mateusz Dulski, Małgorzata Adamczyk-Habrajska, and Agnieszka Mrozik. "Synthesis and Biological Activity of Engineered SiO2 Nanomaterials." In The 6th World Congress on New Technologies. Avestia Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.11159/icnfa20.106.

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Pereira, Andréa, Ana Castro, and J. Santos. "Control Banding applied to engineered nanomaterials: Short review." In Selected Contributions From the International Symposium Occupational Safety and Hygiene (Sho 2017). CRC Press/Balkema, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315164809-60.

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Romain, Mélanie, Amira Mahmoud, Julien Boudon, Rafik Ben Chaabane, Wilfrid Boireau, and Nadine Millot. "Engineered inorganic nanomaterials for biomedical and biosensing applications." In Colloidal Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications XVIII, edited by Marek Osiński and Antonios G. Kanaras. SPIE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2648338.

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Hollingsworth, Jennifer A., and Han Htoon. "Structure-property relations in engineered semiconductor nanomaterials (Conference Presentation)." In Physical Chemistry of Interfaces and Nanomaterials XV, edited by Artem A. Bakulin, Natalie Banerji, and Robert Lovrincic. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2238262.

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Schulte, PA. "1601a Overview –update of potential hazards of engineered nanomaterials." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.798.

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Marushchak, Uliana, Myroslav Sanytsky, Nazar Sydor, and Serhii Braichenko. "Research of Nanomodified Engineered Cementitious Composites." In 2018 IEEE 8th International Conference Nanomaterials: Application & Properties (NAP). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nap.2018.8914835.

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Odedele, T. O., and H. D. Ibrahim. "Modelling Toxicity Behaviour Of Engineered Nanomaterials Using Computational Intelligence Approach." In SPE International Conference and Exhibition on Health, Safety, Security, Environment, and Social Responsibility. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/190498-ms.

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Reports on the topic "Engineered Nanomaterials"

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Wentworth, Jonathan, and Rosa Milodowski. Risk Assessment of Nanomaterials. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.58248/pn562.

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The unique properties of engineered nanomaterials are beneficial to a range of industries. However, uncertainties in assessing their potential health and environmental risks could hinder their safe use. This POSTnote summarises the current regulation of nanomaterials and highlights potential future directions for regulatory testing approaches.
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Grieger, Khara, Christine Sayes, Eric Chen, David Ensor, and RKM Jayanty. Safe Handling of Engineered Nanomaterials: Turning Knowledge Into Practice. RTI Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2015.op.0022.1505.

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Hussain, Saber, Christin Grabinski, Nicole Schaeublin, et al. Toxicity Evaluation of Engineered Nanomaterials: Risk Evaluation Tools (Phase 3 Studies). Defense Technical Information Center, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada590933.

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Grover, Paramjit, M. F. Rahman, and M. Mahboob. Bio-Physicochemical Interactions of Engineered Nanomaterials in In Vitro Cell Culture Model. Defense Technical Information Center, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada567065.

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Kotula, Paul Gabriel, Susan Marie Brozik, Komandoor E. Achyuthan, et al. Biomolecular interactions and responses of human epithelial and macrophage cells to engineered nanomaterials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1034881.

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Johnson, David, Robert Boyd, Anthony Bednar, et al. Terrestrial fate and effects of nanometer-sized silver. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43800.

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Although engineered nanomaterials are active components in a wide variety of commercial products, there is still limited information related to the effects of these nanomaterials once released into the terrestrial environment. A high number of commercial applications use silver nanoparticles (nAg) due to its anti-microbial activity. This may be of concern for waste management since nAg could be applied to soil (e.g., biosolids) or disposed of in traditional landfills, which could lead to possible leaching into surrounding soil. This report aims to provide additional insight into the fate and effects of nAg in terrestrial systems. The studies in this report examine the leachability of nAg in field soil and compares the soil migration to bulk (i.e., micron-sized) silver; examine the ecotoxicity of nAg to earthworms in four field soils spanning several different soil orders; and examine the behavioral effects of earthworms when exposed to engineered nanoparticles in field soil. These data provide additional insight into engineered nanoparticle fate and effects to terrestrial receptors in field soils, an important distinction from laboratory-generated soils. These data will also assist ecological risk assessors to better determine the acute environmental risks of nAg in terrestrial ecosystems with different soil compositions.
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Kennedy, Alan, Natalie Smith, Alexander Linan, and Laszlo Kovacs. Bioassay to assess toxicity of water-dispersed engineered nanomaterials in plants; Scientific Operating Procedure Series : Toxicology (T). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/33388.

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Ballentine, Mark, Alan Kennedy, Lauren May, et al. Safe and rapid development of advanced materials : a research case study for safe development of nanoenabled environmental sensors. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/46584.

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The enhanced understanding of nanomaterials properties and processing has led to increased use of nanotechnologies, which has also led to greater scrutiny on the commercialization and acquisition of emerging nanoenabled technologies. Caused by knowledge gaps on the unique behaviors, risks, and liabilities of novel engineered nanomaterials, this caution, when not evidence based, slows production and stifles innovation. Reducing the uncertainty surrounding the environmental risks and benefits of nanoenabled technologies, including their resilience in harsh environments, will speed the development and transition of advanced material technologies. In this work, a multifaceted research program generated data and processes to reduce that environmental uncertainty. Specifically, this case study examined printed, nanoenabled environmental sensors and their components to develop toxicological data and parameterize a life-cycle assessment. The study tested the sensors’ resilience in environmental weathering studies that considered both the potential release of the ingredient nanomaterials and the performance of the sensors after exposure to several harsh environmental climates and then created life-cycle inventories to determine environmental impact and reduce cost of research and development. Finally, this case study developed software tools to mitigate the cost of research and provide a framework for presenting toxicology data.
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Kennedy, Alan, Jonathon Brame, Taylor Rycroft, et al. A definition and categorization system for advanced materials : the foundation for risk-informed environmental health and safety testing. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41803.

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Novel materials with unique or enhanced properties relative to conventional materials are being developed at an increasing rate. These materials are often referred to as advanced materials (AdMs) and they enable technological innovations that can benefit society. Despite their benefits, however, the unique characteristics of many AdMs, including many nanomaterials, are poorly understood and may pose environmental safety and occupational health (ESOH) risks that are not readily determined by traditional risk assessment methods. To assess these risks while keeping up with the pace of development, technology developers and risk assessors frequently employ risk-screening methods that depend on a clear definition for the materials that are to be assessed (e.g., engineered nanomaterial) as well as a method for binning materials into categories for ESOH risk prioritization. In this study, we aim to establish a practitioner-driven definition for AdMs and a practitioner-validated framework for categorizing AdMs into conceptual groupings based on material characteristics. The definition and categorization framework established here serve as a first step in determining if and when there is a need for specific ESOH and regulatory screening for an AdM as well as the type and extent of risk-related information that should be collected or generated for AdMs and AdM-enabled technologies.
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Rycroft, Taylor, Sabrina Larkin, Alexander Ganin, et al. A framework and pilot tool for the risk-based prioritization and grouping of nano-enabled consumer products. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41721.

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The use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in consumer products has expanded rapidly, revealing both innovative improvements over conventional materials, and the potential for novel risks to human health and the environment. As the number of new nano-enabled products and the volume of toxicity data on ENMs continues to grow, regulatory agencies like the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) – a small, independent federal agency responsible for protecting consumers from unreasonable risks associated with product use – will require the ability to screen and group a diverse array of nano-enabled consumer products based on their potential risks to consumers. Such prioritization would allow efficient allocation of limited resources for subsequent testing and evaluation of high-risk products and materials. To enable this grouping and prioritization for further testing, we developed a framework that establishes a prioritization score by evaluating a nano-enabled product's potential hazard and exposure, as well as additional consideration of regulatory importance. We integrate the framework into a pilot version software tool and, using a hypothetical case study, we demonstrate that the tool can effectively rank nano-enabled consumer products and can be adjusted for use by agencies with different priorities. The proposed decision-analytical framework and pilot-version tool presented here could enable a regulatory agency like the CPSC to triage reported safety concerns more effectively and allocate limited resources more efficiently.
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