Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Engins de Génie civil'
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Okalla, Bana Edy-Claude. "L’industrie française du terrassement (1830-1991)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040074.
Full textThe history of the French Industry of Earthworking is an history of entrepreneurs who came to the profession due to the major works program in France setting in place during the July Monarchy in 1830. A new lineage of some entrepreneurs such as Georges Frot, Emile Razel or Firmin Deschiron appeared. The construction of the railway network has given them an important outlet. What was identifying those “men companies” to their peers was, in numerous cases, the establishment and the Generalization of technical innovations on the Roadworks that they were having. The Reconstruction phases that followed the two World Wars enabled to the whole Industry of Earthworking to find an outlet with the different Roadworks of Excavation and clearance of this period, particularly, after 1945, thanks to the Marshall Plan, which enabled some important transfers of Americans technologies in terms of Earthworking machine; During the Thirty glorious, the launching of some politics of major Works by different governments in place continued to maintain the industrial activity to an high level compared with the entire branch of Publics Works. During the years 1980 and 1990, the Industry of Earthworking was introduced in an regrouping and reengineering phase. Some important groups of Publics Works like the Vinci group are still testifying of this change
Okalla, Bana Edy-Claude. "L’industrie française du terrassement (1830-1991)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040074.
Full textThe history of the French Industry of Earthworking is an history of entrepreneurs who came to the profession due to the major works program in France setting in place during the July Monarchy in 1830. A new lineage of some entrepreneurs such as Georges Frot, Emile Razel or Firmin Deschiron appeared. The construction of the railway network has given them an important outlet. What was identifying those “men companies” to their peers was, in numerous cases, the establishment and the Generalization of technical innovations on the Roadworks that they were having. The Reconstruction phases that followed the two World Wars enabled to the whole Industry of Earthworking to find an outlet with the different Roadworks of Excavation and clearance of this period, particularly, after 1945, thanks to the Marshall Plan, which enabled some important transfers of Americans technologies in terms of Earthworking machine; During the Thirty glorious, the launching of some politics of major Works by different governments in place continued to maintain the industrial activity to an high level compared with the entire branch of Publics Works. During the years 1980 and 1990, the Industry of Earthworking was introduced in an regrouping and reengineering phase. Some important groups of Publics Works like the Vinci group are still testifying of this change
Côte, Philippe. "Tomographies sismiques en génie civil." Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10122.
Full textNouguier, Cécile. "Simulation des interactions outil-sol. Application aux outils de traitement des sols." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20194.
Full textGendron, Frédéric. "Applications de l'apprentissage automatique en génie civil." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq25588.pdf.
Full textLoiseau, Olivier. "Une stratégie de calcul multiéchelle pour les structures hétérogènes." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DENS0019.
Full textVidal, Philippe. "Sur une méthode multi-résolution dédiée à l'identification structurale." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DENS0049.
Full textZeng, Qiang. "Optimisation de l'utilisation des explosifs en génie civil." Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ENPC9533.
Full textThis thesis is a contribution to the comprehension of the complex phenomena during the rock blasting in order to get an optimal design. In the first part, we give a synthesis of the numerical models based on the detonation theory. In the second part, we focus on the modelling of the dynamic behaviours of rocks. An new elastic with anisotropic damage model is proposed and implemented in a dynamic explicit code RARIOSS, the simulations of the blasts with different problems (2-D, 3-D, detonation/structure) are presented. In the last part, we show a new approach for the optimization. The knowledge about the mechanism of the rock fragmentation is developed, especially on the influences of certain design parameters. The examples of the generation of the specific rules by automatic learning show the efficiency of the approach. The example of the optimization by coupling the genetic algorithms with automatic learning show the capacity and the perspective
Zeng, Qiang. "Optimisation de l'utilisation des explosifs en génie civil." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529371.
Full textYang, Shan. "Évaluation de la performance des produits déverglaçants pour pistes et voies d'accès d'aéroport." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0007/MQ43293.pdf.
Full textAimé, Jean-Christian. "Dispositifs magnétostrictifs pour l'auscultation des câbles de génie civil." Lyon, INSA, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ISAL0030.
Full textThis study is based on generation, propagation and detection of a mechanical displacement pulse into a steel cable. The interaction between this magnetostrictively generated pulse wave and the cable defect are measured by a magnetostrictive receiver. We develop a new guided wave propagation approach. This mathematical approach allows a global theoretical description of generation, propagation and defect interaction. After that, we described analytically for the first time the magnetostrictive emitter transfer function. This allows corroborating the experimental results, which is the large bandwidth of this kind of devices. According to the experimental setup the bandwidth varies from 100 kHz to 200 kHz. The analytical expression also consent the description of a multi transducer array. Then we describe the application of correlation techniques m order to improve pulse-echo technique range and resolution
Arseneault, Éric. "Étude de l'impact de l'azote sur la cinétique de la biodégradation dans une lagune aérée d'une usine de pâte kraft blanchie." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0004/MQ43282.pdf.
Full textFlamand, Rock. "Validation d'un modèle de comportement mécanique pour les fractures rocheuses en cisaillement." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0021/NQ49059.pdf.
Full textCloutier, Frédéric. "Modélisation du comportement des micropolluants dans une station d'épuration." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/27804/27804.pdf.
Full textVelazquez, Zapata Juan Alberto. "Evaluation of hydrological ensemble prediction systems for operational forecasting." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27792/27792.pdf.
Full textRondeau, Frédéric. "Gestion des eaux usées urbaines en temps de pluie : comportement d'un réservoir de rétention." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26041/26041.pdf.
Full textMichaud, Paul-Marie. "Vers une approche chimio-poro-visco-élastique du comportement au jeune âge des bétons." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25261/25261.pdf.
Full textBourgault, Catherine. "Caractérisation et perspective de mitigation des émissions de CH4 issues d'un procédé de biofiltration à milieu organique traitant du lisier de porc." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27573/27573.pdf.
Full textTrujillo, Gonzalez Lester. "Calculs exacts des paramètres des principales théories non linéaires des vagues et proposition d'un outil simplifié de calculs." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/25946/25946.pdf.
Full textValencia, Cabezas Fabian Alonso. "Caractérisation des particules fines d'un matériau granulaire de fondation par l'essai au bleu de méthylène." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25125/25125.pdf.
Full textDion, Martin Olivier. "Caractérisation de l'alliage AA5754 pour la détermination d'un critère d'écoulement." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24786/24786.pdf.
Full textChiza, Al'Bert. "Détermination du coefficient de frottement pour les surfaces de contact métallisées dans les assemblages des ponts en acier." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30197/30197.pdf.
Full textThe slip resistance is a critical factor influencing high strength bolted joint behaviour in steel structures under repeated loading. The surface condition of the connected steel components, also known as the faying surface, controls the level of the slip resistance. Design standards, such as the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code CAN/CSA S6-06 (CSA 2006) and the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC 2010) specifications, specify desired conditions for faying surfaces and associated slip coefficients for design purposes. Currently, these standards do not address faying surface conditions that are completely metallized or that have one connected face metallized and the other face galvanized (hereafter referred to as galvanized-metallized faying surfaces), although steel bridge components are widely metallized or galvanized to provide long-term protection against wear and corrosion. This compels steel bridge fabricators to mask off all faying surfaces before metallizing, a practice that is labour-intensive, costly and time-consuming. In this study, the resistance of slip-critical joints in steel bridges with metallized and galvanized-metallized faying surfaces are characterized in the light of the CAN/CSA-S6-06 standard. The mean slip coefficient is determined from a compression and tension test regimes. These tests revealed much greater slip resistance for metallized faying surfaces than the typical uncoated blast-cleaned surface. For the metallized-galvanized surfaces, the mean slip coefficients were found to be much greater than that for galvanized surfaces and, in the majority of cases, also greater than the uncoated blast-cleaned surface. Keywords: steel bridge construction, galvanization, metallization, slip-critical bolted joints, slip resistance, design standards.
Bustamante, Bedoya Adriana Maria. "Étude de la stabilité sismique de trois talus naturels au Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26748/26748.pdf.
Full textMorency, Maxime. "Cracking sensitivity of cementitious repair materials: assessments and development of test methods." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30410/30410.pdf.
Full textThe premature deterioration of concrete repairs in service is a result of a variety of physico-chemical and electrochemical processes. Among the most serious causes of repair failures is cracking of the repair. Cracking may result in the reduction of an effective cross-sectional area of the repaired structure and increase the effective permeability of the concrete cover, thus promoting corrosion of the reinforcement and further deterioration. The main objective of this project was to contribute to the development and assessment of a reliable test method for evaluating the sensitivity to cracking of repair materials. A performance test was developed and used to establish correlations with existing indirect test methods (ring test, beam deflexion test, drying shrinkage test, etc.). The performance test method uses of a reference slab containing a cavity on the top surface to be filled with the repair material to be tested. The reference test slab, which offers a degree of restraint comparable to what is found in reality, allows simulating the behavior of the material in real concrete repair conditions. In order to better evaluate the test methods, experimental repairs have also been made on existing structures exposed to service conditions.
Macaigne, Peggy. "Suivi du devenir de l'eau et des nitrates sous culture de pommes de terre (Solanum tuberosum L.) à l'aide du traçage isotopique 18O, 2H et 15N et d'un échantillonnage représentatif de la microtopographie." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24946/24946.pdf.
Full textQuantifying nitrogen fertilizer leaching in order to reduce environmental losses in the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production on sandy soils is a major issue of current research. The general objective of the thesis was to address this problem in three parts. The first part aimed to follow the fate of rainfall and snowmelt in the soil during an entire year with water stable isotopes (18O and 2H) since nitrates follow water pathways. Rainfall and snow melt percolation rate was approximately 1.5±0.5 months. Water percolates at slower rate in the upper soil layer than in sublayers. Finally, a perceptual model considered two periods of nitrate leaching: the first period from previous harvest to seeding and the second during the cropping season. In the second part, we followed the nitrogen fertilizer pathway through soil and estimated fertilizer recovered by plants after fortification with nitrogen 15. Soil profiles were sampled on the same days as for the oxygen 18 and deuterium samplings. Results show that the fertilizer remained in the hill until the occurrence of rainfall events exceeding 70±10 mm. Nitrates are leached away mostly during the fall, as was the case for oxygen 18 and deuterium. At harvest, the tuber took up 47% of the nitrogen from fertilizer, leaving the remainder susceptible to leaching. Until maximum foliage coverage, the plant took up nitrogen more from fertilizer than mineralized organic nitrogen, but the reverse occurred thereafter. The third part was to simplify the sampling procedure of soil nitrate within the hill for budgeting nitrate. The hill was sampled across a 0-50 cm soil profile at four places and at five moments during the cropping season. A reliable relationship with a slope of 0.78 related soil nitrate content sampled at the centre of the hill to that of the entire hill for the 0-50 cm soil profile.
Maltais, Pierre-Olivier. "Simulations numériques du comportement de fondations profondes sous sollicitations dynamiques dans deux dépôts quaternaires de l'Est du Canada." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29744/29744.pdf.
Full textTossou, Edjrosse Edmond. "Extension of the 2DH Saint-Venant Hydrodynamic Model for Flows with Vertical Acceleration." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26614/26614.pdf.
Full textDufour-L'Arrivée, Caroline. "L'influence du mode d'aération et du milieu filtrant sur la dénitrification et la production de N2O dans un biofiltre à milieu organique traitant du lisier de porc." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26653/26653.pdf.
Full textOuattara, Abibata. "Lixiviation fongique des résidus miniers par A.Niger et P. Simplicissimum." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25902/25902.pdf.
Full textCalais, Thomas. "PROPRIÉTÉS MÉCANIQUES ET DURABILITÉ D’UN BÉTON LÉGER. Application en régions froides." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/27826/27826.pdf.
Full textOver the years, lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) has been used in many building projects, notably in the USA and Nordic countries, but only in a few in Quebec. The aim of this project is to establish a better understanding of the fundamental properties of LWAC for a possible use in repairs and new structural projects. Several experimental phases were conducted in order to evaluate the mechanical properties, the cracking risk, the resistance of rapid freezing and thawing and the scaling resistance of a LWAC made with expanded shale coarse aggregate. We focused on two factors: the LWA water content and the evaluation of the quantity of water from LWA counted in the water/binder ratio. The experimental results show that, even if the understanding of the movements of water around the LWA is not yet total, mechanical properties and durability meeting structural standards can be obtained. For many properties like the cracking risk and the freezing resistance, LWAC are even better than usual concrete.
Rouleau, Nicolas. "Évaluation de l'efficacité de traitements pour la prévention ou la mitigation de la corrosion de l'acier d'armature dans les éléments en béton armé." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29549/29549.pdf.
Full textThis study aimed at evaluating the capacity of various protection techniques to extend the service-life of concrete infrastructure affected by reinforcement corrosion. The main objective of this project was to provide quantitative information on the influence of some of the most commonly used strategies in practice to protect reinforced concrete structures against the initiation and propagation of corrosion, respectively non-vapor barrier sealants, waterproofing membranes and corrosion inhibitors products (penetrating and admixture). The various treatments were tested on laboratory-size concrete test slabs pre-conditioned in such a way to exhibit four different stages of contamination and deterioration: virgin, contaminated by chlorides but not corroded, corrosion initiated and corrosion propagating. A specific objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different treatments on the evolution of various factors such as the internal distribution of relative humidity, the distribution of chlorides and the corrosion activity. Through two successive experimental phases, 51 test slabs were produced and subjected to cycles of wetting (salt spray) and drying in an environmental chamber. In order to monitor the evolution of the corrosion activity for each condition, half-cell potential and linear polarization measurements were carried out on all specimens at regular time intervals. Following the period of cycling in the salt spray chamber, an autopsy was performed on a selection of tested slabs in order to expose the reinforcing steel rebars and allow a characterization of the anodic areas.
Brin, Marie-Ève. "Étude de la biodisponibilité des contaminants (éléments traces métalliques et phosphore) contenus dans les sédiments du lac Saint-Augustin (Québec)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24341/24341.pdf.
Full textLanglois, Anne-Marie. "Influence de l'endommagement sur la fiabilité structurale de ponts en béton armé : Études de cas." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26950/26950.pdf.
Full textA computer program, named « Laval Reliability Toolbox 2 » (LRT2), was developed in order to evaluate a time-variant reliability index for a reinforced concrete bridge while considering various usage and damage parameters. This tool pioneers by considering the reliability of three ultimate limit states: flexure and shear for beams and punching shear for the slab. In order to represent the failure mode of the bridge, system reliability analysis is used to model the structure as a system. A damage model predicts in time the properties of a structure undergoing corrosion caused by the application of de-icing salts: corrosion causes a reduction of the rebar’s diameter and spalling of the concrete cover. This computer tool was used to compare the reliability of bridges with two, three, five and six girders undergoing different damaging scenarios. Results show the importance of considering a spatial-variant reliability index for a girder. It is also shown that ignoring possible correlation among structural elements overestimates the reliability of low-redundant structures, modelled as series systems, and underestimates the reliability of high-redundant structures, modelled as complex systems. The study of homogeneous and non-homogeneous damaging scenarios shows the existence of corrosion-sensitive sections and failure modes that, if damaged, affect significantly the reliability of the bridge. Lastly, performance cycles were defined in order to evaluate the life service of a bridge, which is to estimate the time when the bridge will get below its target reliability index and to estimate when certain damages will occur. This type of methodology enables the prediction of a structure’s lifetime performance; it could facilitate the management of structures operations by making possible the comparison of multiple bridges performance.
Bélair, Jr Normand. "Contribution à la mise au point d'une procédure de caractérisation quantitative des surfaces en béton en vue de travaux de réfection." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/23287/23287.pdf.
Full textThe subject of this master is surface preparation of concrete for repair works. The main objective aims at developing a quantitative characterization method for the prepared surfaces. The project also includes two specific objectives: evaluate the influence of preparation methods on the integrity of concrete surfaces and verify the existence of a correlation between the surface roughness and the bond of the concrete repair. In order to achieve these goals, the project was divided into three parts where several experimental tests were carried out, as well as a modeling of the bond test. The first experimental part evaluates the integrity of the prepared surfaces. The tests revealed that damage in concrete decreases significantly the resistance of the prepared surface. The second part presents the results on the development and validation of a new quantitative evaluation method of prepared surfaces. The method makes it possible to quickly carry out characterization tests (approximately 2 hours) on prepared surfaces (horizontal, vertical or overhanging). The third experimental part deals with the study of the surface roughness and the bond of concrete repairs. This last segment includes an experimental and modeling part. The results show that substrate damage is more critical than surface roughness. In fact, no correlation between surface roughness and bond of concrete repairs was observed on the studied observation scale. Finally, recommendations are given for acceptance criteria relating to the surface preparation and adhesion of the in place repair.
Tamas, Adrian Paul. "Étude comparée du colmatage en nanofiltration et en ultrafiltration d'eau de surface." Thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2004/22074/22074.pdf.
Full textCrépault, Étienne. "Rhéologie des bétons frais à base de ciment d’aluminates de calcium." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28262/28262.pdf.
Full textThe purpose of this project is to study the rheology of fresh concrete made from calcium aluminates cement, namely: the LBC and Ciment Fondu. Using this type of hydraulic binder has a substantial interest in the field of concrete, both for structural works and concrete repair. The motivation behind this research is to better understand the rheological behaviour of this type of concrete and thus facilitate and expand their use in the field of civil engineering. The research project focuses on specific parameters such as the influence of type of admixture, their dosages and combinations as well, type of the mixing and it duration. In order to meet the objectives, the research is divided in two phases. A first phase, where the admixtures are individually evaluated, was necessary to launch the second and more complex phase, where realistic mixing conditions have been used. Very interesting results were obtained in this second phase. First, superplasticizers in combination with set accelerators were used to simulate a mobile concrete mixer. It is possible with this combination to compensate the set delay caused by the superplasticizer by using an appropriate dosage of set accelerator, while maintaining adequate rheological properties. Secondly, the use of a superplasticizer with a set retarder, simulating the transportation in a ready-mix truck showed promising results in delaying and controlling the setting time. In terms of rheological evolution, this combination is very effective during a prolonged transport; It is possible to delay the setting time while maintaining adequate rheological properties. The use of an activator added to a mixture which has undergone prolonged mixing and including superplasticizer and set retarder was found very effective in obtaining a practical opentime, or “pot life” for a construction site.
Samson, Eric. "Modélisation numérique du transport ionique dans les matériaux cimentaires non saturés." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/23639/23639.pdf.
Full textBustamante, Bedoya José Marcel. "Étude expérimentale du pénétromètre à déformation contrôlé dans des argiles." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25532/25532.pdf.
Full textProux, Corinne. "Enlèvement du phosphore par procédé d'électrocoagulation. Le cas d'une unité de traitement pour résidences isolées." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25465/25465.pdf.
Full textPetit, Thomas Joseph Robert. "Évaluation de la performance de prévisions hydrologiques d'ensemble issues de prévisions météorologiques d'ensemble." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25481/25481.pdf.
Full textHydrological forecasts consist in the evaluation of future streamflow. For the time being, current deterministic forecasts do not give any information concerning the uncertainty, which might be a problem in a decision-making process. Ensemble forecasts are expected to fill the gap. To do so, different input parameter sets are produced by adding a small deviation to the original set in order to evaluate the uncertainty. It results in a probability distribution of the output. Since 1996, Environnement Canada produces an 8-member meteorological ensemble forecasts (PME). In july 2007, an improved model now produces a 20-member PME on a 100 km grid. Within the framework of this study, this new PME is used for the first time so as to produce hydrological ensemble forecasts (PHE). The studied watershed is the Lièvre River (Quebec) where 4 locations are set to evaluate the PHE. The 17-day study in October 2007 contains a flood event, and forecasts are produced daily with a 3-day forecast horizon. The deterministic forecast is also available and is compared with the PHE. The results are positive. Even though the deterministic forecast behaves slightly better for a 48h forecast, the PHE is better for a 72h forecast, especially for 1 site. Meanwhile, an other site appears to behave strangely and its results must be taken carefully. The uncertainty applied to the input set is under-dispersed and biaised, which means that the performance of the PHE might be increased with an appropriate calibration. In order to generalize these results, more similar experiments have to be done, by working on other watersheds, with other model and/or other time periods.
Goulet, James. "Assemblage rigide boulonné pour les charpentes de bâtiments multiétagés en béton préfabriqué." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25483/25483.pdf.
Full textTo this day, the connections of precast concrete buildings offer little or no continuity to the structure. Consequently, when compared to monolithic structures, the material is clearly not used to its full capacity. Studies on rigid connections, welded or assembled by post tension, have been carried out by a few investigators. Although structurally valid, none of the proposed connections proved able to meet the needs of the construction industry, due to stringent erection tolerances and complexity of assembly. The work presented here concerns the development of a bolted rigid connection system likely to be used on a large scale by the precast concrete construction industry. The study is separated in two parts. The first is concerned with the development and tuning of the new structural system while the second one deals with the determination of the rigidity of the proposed connection. The connection behaviour is then used to compare the amount of material used in the new system and the actual precast system. The software Visual Design was used to analyse the building structure, and the finite element software ANSYS to determine the characteristic behaviour of the new connection. The intent of the research is to establish the feasibility of the proposed model, so that future research and development efforts can be carried out in partnership with the precast industry.
Descôteaux, Simon jr. "Suivi de l'implantation d'une noue engazonnée." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30172/30172.pdf.
Full textQuebec City’s « Service de l’environnement » has invested in watershed protection by doing several pilot studies to evaluate promising best management practices (BMP). This study focuses on the efficiency of a grass swale located on its main drinking water intake watershed. In addition to several construction shortcomings, vegetative growth problems in the main channel were observed: the grass swale did not reach maturity after two summer seasons (2010 and 2011). A hydraulic model of the grass swale was developed to better understand the hydraulic behaviour of the swale and to evaluate the impact of various changes in design. Results show that water velocities under 0.05 m/s were optimal for treatment and that problems met were not directly attributed to the design but mostly to construction issues. Finally, analysis of field data and modelling results led to several recommendations to improve both the design and implementation of this phytotechnology.
Safer, Nassim. "Modélisation des façades de type double-peau équipées de protections solaires : approches multi-échelles." Lyon, INSA, 2006. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2006ISAL0028/these.pdf.
Full textIn this past decade, glazed façades use in new buildings has soared. Some of these façades, called "double skin façades"(DSF), are made of internal and external glazing. As indicated by its name, DSF are a special type of envelope which air space in between, called "the channel", can be rather important (up to 0. 8 meter). Properly DSF allow for energy savings and for the increase of the indoor comfort. The majority of these facades are equipped with solar protections. In general the channel is ventilated in order to decrease the overheating problems in summer and to contribute to energy savings in winter. To reach these goals, the detailed behavior of double skin façade need to be better understood and a global model should be produced. The velocity and temperature fields of DSF are investigated using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) approach. The main influent parameters are identified. To complement these simulations, the second part of the present work is dedicated to experimental measurement. Using PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) technique. In the last part, a global DSF model is proposed. This model is based on the main influent parameters identified within the experimental and numerical parts including the convective coefficients. The model is based on nodal approach adapted for building energy simulations. Finally, the developed model is implemented within a dynamic building energy simulation tool (TRNSYS), allowing the investigation of optimal management of solar protection in order to reduce energy consumptions of tertiary buildings
Ferry, Stéphane. "Traitement automatique des diagraphies instantanées de forage en génie civil." Bordeaux 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR10704.
Full textAmokrane, Kamel. "Contribution à l'analyse statistique des diagraphies instantanées en génie civil." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10521.
Full textGirard, Hugues. "Contribution à l'exploitation des paramètres de forage en génie civil." Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR10602.
Full textBouibes, Amine. "Exploration de matériaux avancés pour des applications en génie civil." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10112/document.
Full textThe civil engineering progress would not been possible without new materials development. In fact, new materials with efficient properties allowed the construction of modern structures, taller building, longer bridges,…etc. Furthermore, it is essential for the progress continuity of this field in the future. Especially, in the smart construction approach we will need new materials with the very efficient properties. The study of the properties of materials at the molecular level, allow a better understanding of how those materials will function and react on a macro level. It is through such studies that we are able to understand their behaviors under a large number of conditions. In this thesis, we focus our efforts on three types of materials. The first one is zinc carbonate. The second one is Lime, which is widely used in building and public works ; and the last one is zinc oxide, which is an important material for steel construction. The purpose here is to investigate in details the three different materials at various pressures and variable compositions by means of the universal structure prediction method based on ab initio tool. For smithsonite, a number of mechanical properties were evaluated. We mainly show that this system is harder and more rigid than the other carbonates. Besides, the investigation of its electronic properties reveals that the energy band-gap is close enough to some semiconductors. Moreover, two high-pressure phase transitions have been found: the first one at 87 GPa and second one at 121 GPa. Below 87 GPa, ZnCO3 is found to be the most stable structure with R-3c space group (calcite structure); and between 78 GPa and 121 GPa, ZnCO3 has another structure (magnesite phase II) with C2/m space group. Above 121 GPa, we show that new structure with P212121 space group becomes more stable. In addition, by means of variable composition ab initio evolutionary algorithm, we show surprisingly new stable compounds from Ca-O. At ambient pressure CaO2 is predicted as a thermodynamically stable system. This new compound goes from C2/c to I4/mcm space group structure at 18.5GPa. Under increasing pressure, further compounds become stable such as CaO3 which stabilize in P-421m space group structure above 65 GPa. Finally, our studies on ZnO show that ZnO2 becomes thermodynamically stable at pressure above 120 GPa. A phase transition is obtained at 10 GPa for ZnO, which is stable in B4 wurtzite structure at ambient conditions up to 10GPa. Above 10 GPa, ZnO becomes more stable in B1 structure. These results strongly support our predictions since they agree perfectly with available experiment and previous theoretical studies
Coorevits, Patrice. "Maillage adaptatif anisotrope : application aux problèmes de dynamique." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993DENS0002.
Full textNassiopoulos, Alexandre. "Identification rapide de la température dans les structures du génie civil." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003729.
Full textFall, N'Deye Magatte. "Traitement des sédiments fluviaux en vue d'utilisation dans le génie civil." Rennes, INSA, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ISAR0039.
Full textChatelier lock and the energy tidal have favored the sediments accumulation in Rance estuary. Acheiving a pit below Chatelier lock, permitted a better sediments management. After 4 years of operation, the trap has reached its fill (63000 m3 must be dredged). Sediments chemical analysis permit to assess the environment potential impact. Sediments are organic silt. Their use in landfills require a low hydraulic conductivity (k<1. 10-9m/s). Intake Kaolin clay and hydraulic binders treatment are required. Lime or cement CEM 1 52,5 addition changes their physical behavour. Kaolin decreases the permeability by a factor of 10. A reliable and non-destructive measurement of horizontal linear shrinkage is developed to evaluate the deformability and shrinkage limit of treated sediment. In this study, different treatment are proposed for sediments use