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1
Patricia Harriss, Sr. "Mary Ward in Her Own Writings." Recusant History 30, no. 2 (October 2010): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034193200012772.
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Mary Ward was born in 1585 near Ripon, eldest child of a recusant family. She spent her whole life until the age of 21 in the intimate circle of Yorkshire Catholics, with her parents, her Wright grandparents at Ploughland in Holderness, Mrs. Arthington, née Ingleby, at Harewell Hall in Nidderdale, and finally with the Babthorpes of Babthorpe and Osgodby. Convinced of her religious vocation, but of course unable to pursue it openly in England, she spent some time as a Poor Clare in Saint-Omer in the Spanish Netherlands, first in a Flemish community, then in the English house that she helped to found. She was happy there, but was shown by God that he was calling her to ‘some other thing’. Exactly what it was to be was not yet clear, so she returned to England, spent some time in London working for the Catholic cause, and discovering that there was much for women to do—then returned to Saint-Omer with a small group of friends, other young women in their 20s, to start a school, chiefly for English Catholic girls, and through prayer and penance to find out more clearly what God was asking. Not surprisingly, given her early religious formation in English Catholic households, served by Jesuit missionaries, and her desire to work for her own country, the guidance that came was ‘Take the same of the Society’. She spent the rest of her life trying to establish a congregation for women which would live by the Constitutions of St. Ignatius, be governed by a woman general superior, under the Pope, not under diocesan bishops or a male religious order, and would be unenclosed, free to be sent ‘among the Turks or any other infidels, even to those who live in the region called the Indies, or among any heretics whatsoever, or schismatics, or any of the faithful’. There were always members working in the underground Church in England, and in Mary Ward's own lifetime there were ten schools, in Flanders and Northern France, Italy, Germany and Austria-Hungary. But her long struggle for approbation met with failure—Rome after the Council of Trent, which had insisted on enclosure for all religious women, was not yet ready for Jesuitesses. In 1631 Urban VIII banned her Institute by a Bull of Suppression, imprisoning Mary Ward herself for a time in the Poor Clare convent on the Anger in Munich. She spent the rest of her life doing all she could to continue her work, but when she died in Heworth, outside York, in 1645 and was buried in Osbaldwick churchyard, only a handful of followers remained together, some with her in England, 23 in Rome, a few in Munich, all officially laywomen. It is owing to these women that Mary Ward's Institute has survived to this day.
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Scott, Geoffrey. "St Benedict’s Priory, Saint-Malo, 1611–1669." Downside Review 135, no. 4 (October 2017): 186–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0012580617734976.
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Over the last few years, the 400th anniversaries of the foundations of three of the earliest monasteries of the revived English Benedictine Congregation have been celebrated: St Gregory’s, Douai (1606), St Laurence’s, Dieulouard (1608) and St Edmund’s, Paris (1615). There have been no similar celebrations for the one monastery which did not survive, that of St Benedict in Saint-Malo, which was founded in 1611 and ended its days as an English Benedictine monastery in 1669, when it was handed over to the French Congregation of Saint-Maur. This article is a delayed attempt to record briefly the story of the priory of St Benedict in Saint-Malo.
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Jebb, Dom Philip. "The Archives of the English Benedictine Congregation Kept at St Gregory's, Downside." Downside Review 113, no. 393 (October 1995): 284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001258069511339305.
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Walicki, Bartosz. "Powstanie i działalność trzeciego zakonu św. Franciszka z Asyżu w Sokołowie Małopolskim do roku 1939." Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne 93 (April 23, 2021): 301–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/abmk.12556.
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At the tum of the 19,h and 20th centuries lots of religious communities were founded in the St John Baptist parish in Sokołów Małopolski. One of the most important was the Third Order of St Francis. Its foundation was preceded by many years of endeavours. The very idea was propagated by the inhabitant of Sokołów, Katarzyna Koziarz, who became the member of the secular family of Franciscan family in Rzeszów in 1890. Since then morę and morę people from Sokołów had joined the Tertiary.At the beginning of the 20“’ century those who took steps to popularize the Third Order were Katarzyna Koziarz in Sokołów, Maria Ożóg and Małgorzata Maksym in Wólka Sokołowska and Katarzyna Bąk in Trzebuska while the parish priests, Franciszek Stankiewicz and Leon Szado did little for this matter. The members of the Third Order got involved in lots of activities such as sup- porting the building of the church, providing necessary things for the church and making mass of- ferings.Serious steps to found the Third Order in Sokołów were taken by the parish priest Ludwik Bukała. He organized monthly meetings for the Third Order members. He also established contact with the Bemardine Father, Wiktor Biegus, who 27 April 1936 came to Sokołów and became ac- ąuainted with the tertiaries in the parish. The permission for the canonical establishment of tertiary congregation was granted 4 May 1936 by the ordinary of Przemyśl, Bishop Franciszek Bard.The official foundation of the congregation in Sokołów took place 24 May 1936. The local tertiaries chose St Ludwik as their patron. The congregation govemment was constituted at the first meeting. The parish priest became the director of the community and Katarzyna Koziarz was ap- pointed the superior. On the day of the foundation there were about 100 members. In the first three years of the existence of the Third Order there were 30 people who received the habits and 28 who were admitted to the profession.After the canonical establishment of the congregation, the tertiaries became morę active. They provided the church with sacred appurtenances and fumishings, as well as organising public adora- tion of the Holy Sacrament. They would also wash liturgical linens and adom altars. In 1937 they bought a chasuble with the image of St Francis, and in 1939 they donated a banner with the images of Mother of God and St Francis. In addition, the tertiaries founded their own library with religious books and magazines.The congregation gathered for meetings in the parish church every month. Besides, they had occasional private gatherings. In the first years of the existence of the congregation there were 19 meetings of the Counsel. There were also two visitations of the Sokołów congregation held by Father Cyryl from Rzeszów 11 July 1937 and 6 August 1939. The activities of the tertiaries were hindered by the outbreak of the Second World War.
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More, Ellen S. "Congregationalism and the Social Order: John Goodwin's Gathered Church, 1640–60." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 38, no. 2 (April 1987): 210–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046900023058.
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In 1644 the Puritan lawyer and parliamentary pamphleteer, William Prynne, voiced a question much on the minds of moderate Puritans: Would not Congregationalism ‘by inevitable necessary consequence subvert…all settled…forms of civil government…and make every small congregation, family (yea person if possible), an independent church and republic exempt from all other public laws’? What made Congregationalism seem so threatening? The calling of the Long Parliament encouraged an efflorescence of Congregational churches throughout England. While differing in many other respects, their members were united in the belief that the true Church consisted of individually gathered, self-governing congregations of the godly. Such a Church was answerable to no other earthly authority. The roots of English Congregationalism extended back to Elizabethan times and beyond. Some Congregationalists, in the tradition of Robert Browne, believed in total separation from the Established Church; others, following the later ideas of Henry Jacob, subscribed to semi-separatism, believing that a godly remnant remained within the Established Church. For semi-separatists some contact with the latter was permissible, as was a loose confederation of gathered churches. During the English civil wars and Interregnum, the Church polity of most leading religious Independents actually was semi-separatist.
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Dawson, Jane E. A. "‘Satan's bludy clawses’: how religious persecution, exile and radicalisation moulded British Protestant identities." Scottish Journal of Theology 71, no. 3 (August 2018): 267–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930618000327.
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AbstractThe study examines the radicalisation experienced by one group of religious exiles in the middle of the sixteenth century. The English-speaking congregation in Geneva formed in 1555 produced a Bible, metrical psalter and order of worship that shaped the Anglophone Reformed tradition. Study of the congregation's output shows how watching the martyrdoms in England generated a dynamic anger and fresh interpretations of persecution, tyranny and resistance. Conveyed by the worship texts, this radical legacy passed into the identities of Reformed Protestants in the British Isles, the Atlantic world and subsequently across the globe.
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Hancock, Stephen H. "From Hagiography to History: A Critical Re-examination of the First Forty Years of the Life’ of Mother Margaret Hallahan and of its Manuscript Sources." Recusant History 23, no. 3 (May 1997): 341–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034193200005744.
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The Life of Mother Margaret Mary Hallahan by Francis Raphael Drane O.S.D., was published in 1869 to foster the reputation for sanctity of the foundress of the Dominican Congregation of St. Catherine of Siena. Though it remains a masterpiece of nineteenth century English hagiographical literature, upon which all later biographical notices of Margaret Hallahan are based, its treatment of her life from 1802 to 1842 is chronologically inaccurate, uncritically anecdotal and narrowly defined. Although Margaret Hallahan lived until she was sixty-six the first forty years of her life occupy scarcely fifty pages of a biography which runs to almost five hundred and forty pages. The Life rarely connects these years with any wider historical context nor does it investigate closely the background of those with whom Margaret Hallahan was personally associated. Consequently a critical examination of the Life's treatment of these first forty years and its overt comparison with the manuscript sources upon which it is based is a much needed and long overdue exercise.
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HERAT, Manel. "Functions of English vs. Other Languages in Sri Lankan Buddhist Rituals in the UK." Acta Linguistica Asiatica 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2015): 85–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ala.5.1.85-110.
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This paper focuses on the functions of English versus other languages in Sri Lankan Buddhist rituals. The framework for this paper is based on a previous work on the language of Hindu rituals by Pandharipande (2012). This study aims to examine the following research questions: what languages are used for practicing Buddhism? Is English used in Buddhist rituals? What mechanisms are used to sanction change? and (4) Will English replace Sinhala and Pali in the UK? In order to answer these research questions, I collected data by attending Sri Lankan Buddhist festivals and event in the UK and recording sermons and speeches used during these festivals to gather information regarding language use and language change. The study proved to be a worthy investigation, as unlike in Sri Lanka where only either Sinhala or Pali is sanctioned in Buddhist practice, in the UK, Sinhala is undergoing language shift and is being replaced by English during Buddhist sermons and other activities. Although prayers and ritual chantings are still in Pali, most of these are explained to the congregation using English. In addition, the use of English is also sanctioned by the Buddhist clergy, through the use of the internet and other media for purposes of promoting Buddhism and reaching young Sri Lankans born in the UK.
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Loades, David M. "The Sense of National Identity among the Marian Exiles (1553–1558)." Studies in Church History. Subsidia 6 (1990): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143045900001204.
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Dr Cox and others with him came to Frankfort out of England, who began to break that order that was agreed upon; first in answering aloud after the minister, contrary to the church’s determination; and being admonished thereof by the Seniors of the congregation, he, with the rest that came with him made answer, That they would do as they had done in England; and that they would have the face of an English church….Thanks to the Brieff Discours, a partisan account published for polemical purposes almost twenty years later, the ‘Troubles’ which began with this gesture form one of the best-known aspects of the Marian exile. However, because of the context within which the compilers of that work were operating, it is usually seen simply as a liturgical conflict between the protagonists of the 1552 Prayer Book, and those of the Geneva rite, which had been printed in English as far back as 1550. In fact, the issues which it raised were far wider, embracing the whole conduct of ecclesiastical affairs, and the nature of the English church.
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HAYWARD, PAUL. "Gregory the Great as ‘Apostle of the English’ in Post-Conquest Canterbury." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 55, no. 1 (January 2004): 19–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046903008911.
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Offering a new interpretation of the sermon ‘De ordinatione beati Gregorii anglorum apostoli’, a text preserved in Eadmer's ‘personal manuscript’ (Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, MS 371), this article argues that the cult of St Gregory the Great was promoted by Archbishop Lanfranc (1070–89) and Archbishop Anselm (1093–1109) in order to undermine the pretensions to apostolic rank of St Augustine's Abbey, Canterbury. It draws attention to the existence of a hitherto unrecognised but major conflict over apostolic authority that took place in England after the Norman Conquest; a conflict that involved the king as well as Canterbury's most important churchmen. In so doing, this essay contributes, more generally, to our understanding of the roles that the cult of saints and its rhetorical structures played in battles over status and rank order.
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Sierhieieva, O. "USING ANTONYMIC TRANSLATION IN RENDERING ENGLISH PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS INTO UKRAINIAN." Current issues of linguistics and translation studies, no. 19 (October 30, 2020): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2415-7929-2019-19-10.
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The article considers phraseological units and antonymic translation as one of the most effective methods of transmission of lexical units. Antonymic translation is shown to be an independent type of translation. Antonymic translation is defined as a translation mode whereby an affirmative (positive) element in the ST is translated by a negative element in the TT and, vice versa, a negative element in the ST is translated using an affirmative element in the TT, without changing the meaning of the original sentence. It is not a word-for-word translation, but a transformation when the translator selects an antonym and combines it with a negation element. Antonymic translation as such can be understood in broader and narrower terms, i.e. it may cover instances of a simple substitution of an element in the ST by its antonymic counterpart (negative or positive) in translation; positive / negative recasting, a translation procedure where the translator modifies the order of the units in the ST in order to conform to the syntactic or idiomatic constraints of the TT; and narrowing of the scope of negation whereby the original negative sentence is turned into an affirmative one in translation by moving the negation element to a word phrase or an elliptical sentence. The term antonymic translation covers all these three types. Generally, antonymic translation consists not only in the transformation of negative constructions to affirmative or vice versa: an original phraseological unit can be substituted for other expressions with the opposite meaning in a target language or an occasional antonym. The usage of antonymic translation as one of the methods of contextual replacement has been investigated. The main types of this lexical and grammatical transformation are systematized. The attention is focused on the reasons for using antonymic translation.
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Johnson, Simon. "Alban Hood, From Repatriation to Revival: Continuity and Change in the English Benedictine Congregation, 1795-1850, Farnborough: St Michaels Abbey Press, 2015, pp. 270, £24.99, ISBN: 9780907077664." British Catholic History 33, no. 2 (September 15, 2016): 314–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bch.2016.36.
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Revilla-Rivas, Marta. "Inventorying St Alban’s College Library in 1767: The Process and its Records." British Catholic History 35, no. 2 (October 2020): 169–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bch.2020.17.
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St Alban’s English College in Valladolid, established at the height of the Catholic Reformation for the training of English secular clergy under the rule of Spanish Jesuits, underwent an alteration in its management after the expulsion of the religious order from Spain in 1767. As part of this process, numerous valuable archival records were produced which have not, thus far, been studied. This article analyses a portion of these documents: the surviving manuscript inventories of the library. It also considers the series of governmental orders issued by the Spanish authorities as part of the process of expulsion and examines how these orders shaped the production of the library inventories. It offers an overview of the contents of the catalogues, with descriptions of some of those specific book entries that make these inventories unique. The study of these archival documents provides insight into, and understanding of, a key moment in the College history: its shift from Spanish Jesuit control to an English secular one and the difficulties that the Spanish authorities faced because of this change in the College’s national identity.
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BECKETT, LUKE. "FROM REPATRIATION TO REVIVAL : CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN THE ENGLISH BENEDICTINE CONGREGATION, 1795-1850 by Alban HoodOSB, St Michael's Abbey Press, Farnborough, 2014, pp. xiv + 246, £2495, hbk." New Blackfriars 97, no. 1069 (April 18, 2016): 391–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nbfr.2_12207.
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Franklin, Carmela Vircillo. "The reception of the Latin Life of St Giles in Anglo-Saxon England." Anglo-Saxon England 42 (December 2013): 63–145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263675113000082.
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AbstractThis article maps the textual transmission of the Vita S. Aegidii to identify the routes of its reception in Anglo-Saxon England. It shows how the Mass of Giles in Leofric's Missal offers new evidence of Leofric's links to the Liège area. The collation between the Old English Life of St Giles and the critical edition of the Latin source indicates first that the Life was translated from a Latin copy related to Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Reginensis 497, containing a palimpsest of the Old English Orosius; second, it highlights the continuing exchanges between the Trier region and England in the eleventh century; and third, it applies inter-lingual transmission in order to understand translation practice. A new edition and translation of the Latin vita are included.
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Hollander, Melissa. "Discipline and Domestic Violence in Edinburgh, 1560–1625." Studies in Church History 43 (2007): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400003296.
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As no Citie, Towne, howse, or familie can maynteine their estate and prospere without policie and governaunce, so the Churche of God, which more purely to be governed than any citie or familie, can not without spirituali Policie and ecclesiasticall Discipline continewe, encrease and florishe. [sic]The form of prayers and ministration of the sacraments, &c, used in the English congregation at Geneva, 1556.In June 1620 George Johnsoun was ‘scharplie rebukit for his hynous sin of disobediens to his parents in stryking of his mother’ and imprisoned for one week whilst the Session of St Cuthbert’s parish, Edinburgh, decided how to deal with him. The following week the Session ordained ‘george Johnsoun to ga to his parents everie mornyng and evening upoun his kneis and promeis with his grace never to do ye lyk in tymes cumyng’. The Session elders seem to have been aware both of the menace that George represented to his parents, his mother in particular, and of the extent to which he had become a disorderly troublemaker. They therefore required him to ‘[promise] to tak ane office man [with] him quher he so gets yair blissin’. The Session could thus monitor George’s behaviour and the fervency of his repentance, and guarantee that discipline was properly enacted. With this punishment the Kirk sent a clear message to the parishioners of St Cuthbert’s, and the whole Edinburgh Presbytery, that disobedience and disorder in the domestic sphere were entirely unacceptable. Perhaps more significantly, in this case the parish authorities publicly and explicitly declared and demonstrated that violence against domestic authority, particularly against one’s mother, was insupportable.
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Forster, Ann M. C. "The Chronicles of the English Poor Clares of Rouen—I." Recusant History 18, no. 1 (May 1986): 59–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034193200020057.
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IN VOLUME 14 of the Catholic Record Society, in an introductory survey mainly devoted to the foundation and history of the English Poor Clares of Gravelines, brief mention is made of their daughter-houses: Aire (established 1629), Rouen (1644) and Dunkirk (1652). Today all four houses are represented by St. Clare's Abbey, Darlington, where are preserved four manuscript volumes relating to the Rouen community: a Register of death-bills’ and three books of annals whose contents adhere closely to chronological order and which are titled ‘Rouen I’ (covering most years of the period 1644 to 1701), ‘Rouen II’ (1702–69) and ‘French Revolution’ (1791–1857).
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Ellis, James. "Anglican Indigenization and Contextualization in Colonial Hong Kong: Comparative Case Studies of St. John’s Cathedral and St. Mary’s Church." Mission Studies 36, no. 2 (July 10, 2019): 219–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733831-12341650.
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Abstract The British Empire expanded into East Asia during the early years of the Protestant Mission Movement in China, one of history’s greatest cross-cultural encounters. Anglicans, however, did not accommodate local Chinese culture when they built St. John’s Cathedral in the British Crown Colony of Hong Kong. St. John’s had a prototypical English style and was a gathering place for the colony’s political and social elites, strengthening the new social order. The Cathedral spoke a Western architectural language that local residents could not understand and many saw Christianity as a strange, imposing, foreign religion. As indigenous Chinese Christians assumed leadership of Hong Kong’s Anglican Church, ecclesial architecture took on more Chinese elements, a transition epitomized by St. Mary’s Church, a Chinese Renaissance masterpiece featuring symbols from Taoism, Buddhism, and Chinese folk religions. This essay analyzes the contextualization of Hong Kong’s Anglican architecture, which made Christian concepts more relevant to the indigenous community.
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LIGHT, CAITLIN, and JOEL WALLENBERG. "The expression of impersonals in Middle English." English Language and Linguistics 19, no. 2 (July 2015): 227–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674315000076.
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This article contributes to continuing work on the information structural function of passivization, and how quantitative changes in the implementation of a syntactic strategy may be tied in with the acquisition or loss of comparable strategies. Seoane (2006) outlines a proposal that suggests that the passive construction is used more extensively in English than in the other Germanic languages in order to compensate for the lack of unmarked object topicalization found in languages with verb-seconding (V2). We reconsider this hypothesis from a quantitative perspective and find that, upon further examination, the claim does not hold.We compare parallel New Testament translations along two dimensions: one set across three stages of historical English, and one set across three Germanic languages. We find that the reported change in the rate of passivization between stages of English, and between English and other Germanic languages, is in fact not directly related to the presence or absence of a V2 grammar, but rather due to the availability (or absence) of different strategies of forming impersonal clauses.The current article focuses in more detail on one of the findings of an ongoing study into phenomena linked to the change in passivization in English. While the New Testament translations provide evidence that the overall rate of passivization remains stable across the history of English in one context, we find, in contrast, a significant difference in the rate of passivization between three translations of the Rule of St Benedict. These translations represent an Old English (OE) translation and two Middle English (ME) translations: one Northern, and one Southern. The data reveal a dialect distinction in ME: the Northern translation passivizes at a significantly lower rate.Unlike the New Testament, which is primarily a narrative, the Rule of St Benedict text is written as a set of instructions, and passivization is primarily a strategy for expressing clauses in which no agent can be specified. We find that where the Southern translation of the Rule of St Benedict uses a passive, the Northern translation frequently expresses the same content via an active clause with impersonal man in the subject position. While clauses with impersonal man can be found in both the Northern ME and OE translations of this text, it is wholly absent from the Southern ME translation.This reveals a dialect difference in the ME period: the Southern dialect appears to entirely lack a historically attested strategy for forming impersonal clauses. This, in turn, becomes one factor leading to a rise in the rate of passivization, as passive clauses are used to compensate for the missing strategy.
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Caron, Louis. "Thomas Willis, the Restoration and the First Works of Neurology." Medical History 59, no. 4 (September 9, 2015): 525–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2015.45.
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This article provides a new consideration of how Thomas Willis (1621–75) came to write the first works of ‘neurology’, which was in its time a novel use of cerebral and neural anatomy to defend philosophical claims about the mind. Willis’s neurology was shaped by the immediate political and religious contexts of the English Civil War and Restoration. Accordingly, the majority of this paper is devoted to uncovering the political necessities Willis faced during the Restoration of the English monarchy in 1660, with particular focus on the significance of Willis’s dedication of his neurology and natural philosophy to the Archbishop of Canterbury, Gilbert Sheldon. Because the Restoration of Charles II brought only a semblance of order and peace, Willis and his allies understood the need for a coherent defense of the authority of the English church and its liturgy. Of particular importance to Sheldon and Willis (and to others in Sheldon’s circle) were the specific ceremonies described in theBook of Common Prayer, a manual that directed the congregation to assume various postures during public worship. This article demonstrates that Willis’s neurology should be read as an intervention in these debates, that his neurology would have been read at the time as an attempt to ground orthodox worship in the structure of the brain and nerves. The political necessities that helped to shape Willis’s project also help us to better understand Willis’s innovative insistence that philosophical statements about the mind should be formulated only after a comprehensive anatomical investigation of the brain and nerves.
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HILEY, DAVID. "The music of prose offices in honour of English saints." Plainsong and Medieval Music 10, no. 1 (April 2001): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0961137101000031.
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Some basic stylistic features of ten prose offices for English saints are considered. The oldest is that for St Cuthbert (probably c. 930). Others are for Dunstan of Canterbury, Edmund of East Anglia, Ethelwold of Winchester, Kyneburga, Kyneswytha and Tybba of Peterborough, Mildred of Thanet, Oswald of Northumbria, Oswald of Worcester, Swithun of Winchester, and Wulfstan of Worcester. All were probably composed earlier than the office for Thomas of Canterbury (soon after 1170), which with its rhymed, accentual verse text marks a new type of office. Important musical features of these offices include the deployment of chants in modal order, tonality that relies on a framework of finalis and fifth (also the upper octave and lower fourth), cadences approached from the note below, the use of responsory verse tones, and formulaic melodies.
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Turpie, Tom. "A monk from Melrose? St Cuthbert and the Scots in the later middle ages, c. 1371–1560." Innes Review 62, no. 1 (May 2011): 47–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/inr.2011.0004.
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During the early and central middle ages St Cuthbert of Durham (d. 687) was arguably the most important local saint in northern England and southern Scotland. His cult encompassed a region approximately corresponding to the ancient kingdom of Northumbria. While Scottish devotion to the saint in that period has been well researched, the later medieval cult in Scotland has been surprisingly little studied. Following the outbreak of Anglo-Scottish warfare in 1296 a series of English monarchs, the Durham clergy and local political leaders identified Cuthbert with military victories over the Scots. Several historians have assumed that this association between Cuthbert and English arms led to the decline of his cult in Scotland. This article surveys the various manifestations of devotion to St Cuthbert in late medieval Scotland in order to reappraise the role of the saint and his cult north of the border in the later middle ages.
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Ilham, Nurul Wahyuni, Baso Jabu, and Chairil Anwar Korompot. "ANALYSIS OF HIGHER-ORDER THINKING SKILLS (HOTS) ITEMS IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL ENGLISH NATIONAL EXAMINATION 2019." ELT Worldwide: Journal of English Language Teaching 7, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/eltww.v7i2.14764.
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In order to fulfill the 21’st century skills, the implementation of HOTS items to enhance students’ reasoning skills is deemed important. Nonetheless, we need to observe more about the extent and specific dimensions of HOTS applied in the English National Examination in Indonesia. The present study, therefore aimed to classify the items that fulfilled the indicators of HOTS items in ENE 2019 and specific dimension of knowledge types and dimension of cognitive process skills of the HOTS items. The results showed there was a sufficient total of a HOTS item in ENE 2019. Out of 35 questions, 15 (42.86%) were considered as HOTS items. The second finding was the dimension of cognitive process skills were on the stage of Analyze and Create. The findings indicated that ENE 2019 already had sufficient amount of HOTS items, although the distribution of the cognitive abilities is still monotonous. It was suggested for the exam developers to implement adequate proportion of the HOTS cognitive abilities to enhance students’ HOTS.
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Saefullah, Hilmansyah, and Sidik Indra Nugraha. "English Needs Analysis for Economics Students: An Exploratory Research." ELT in Focus 3, no. 1 (July 17, 2020): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35706/eltinfc.v3i1.3698.
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Learning specific English relevant to the work field has currently been necessary for students studying in a specific subject field. Designing an English course for EFL students learning in a specific subject field requires a needs analysis. This research aims to investigate target needs of EFL students learning in economics field in order to be able to communicate both personally or professionally. The purpose of this research is also for developing an English syllabus for economics students based on the needs analysis. Through exploratory research design, this research involved 67 students from Economy Major in the third semester. The data about students’ target needs of English were collected through questionnaires adapted from Dudley-Evans & St. John (1998), Hutchinson & Waters (1987), and Nation & Macalister (2010). Based on the needs analysis, the results revealed that the English teaching should integrate four English skills (speaking, listening, writing, and reading) to accomodate the students’ needs.
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Dodaro, Robert, and Michael Questier. "Strategies in Jacobean Polemic: The Use and Abuse of St Augustine in English Theological Controversy." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 44, no. 3 (July 1993): 432–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046900014172.
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It is well known that following the Elizabethan religious settlement of 1559 English Catholic and Protestant polemicists turned to the Church Fathers, and particularly to St Augustine, for source material with which to bolster their doctrinal arguments. Augustine's works were, of course, the basis for so many Reformation controversies, yet the theological disputes of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries were entirely different from those of the Early Church. Further development and refinement of doctrine had created a wide gulf between the two periods. Early modern polemic was therefore relying on patristic sources which at times were patently inappropriate. It might therefore be thought that there would be little to be gained from an examination of its use of the Fathers, particularly as there was no reason for bitterly opposed polemicists to take a restrained, objective, or even particularly discerning approach to the patristic sources in order to refute the ‘errors’ of the other side. Historians of the English Reformation have indeed shown little interest in the seventeenth century's preoccupation with St Augustine, the most widely cited of the patristic writers. Hugh Trevor-Roper wrote that in this period ‘the true meaning of St Augustine was the object of as much unprofitable speculation as has ever been expended on the equally inscrutable mind of God’. Those historians who have dealt briefly with polemical technique in this period have suggested that seventeenth-century uses of patristic texts were likely to be primitive. J. C. H. Aveling argued that both Catholic and Protestant writers were afflicted by the same weaknesses: their understanding of source texts was undermined by a ‘cult of great erudition’ which was essentially shallow.
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Pali, Agustina, and Maria Kristina Ota. "PENDAMPINGAN KEGIATAN FUN WITH ENGLISH PADPENDAMPINGAN KEGIATAN FUN WITH ENGLISH PADA SERIKAT ANAK MISIONER (SEKAMI) STASI ST. ZAKHARIA, KEUSUKUPAN AGUNG ENDE, FLORES, NTT." SELAPARANG Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan 4, no. 1 (November 1, 2020): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v4i1.2884.
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ABSTRAKBahasa Inggris merupakan bahasa pengantar yang digunakan untuk berkomunikasi diseluruh dunia. Pembelajaran bahasa Inggris untuk pemula (beginners) adalah hal yang harus dilakukan sehingga bisa dijadikan bekal untuk anak dimasa depan. Tujuan dari kegiatan pendampingan ini adalah untuk memperkenalkan bahasa Inggris sejak dini kepada anak-anak serta mampu meningkatkan motivasi serta rasa percaya diri anak-anak dalam menggunakan bahasa Inggris. Salah satu aktivitas yang dilakukan adalah kegiatan Fun with English yang merupakan a recommended activity to motivate kids in learning English dengan menerapkan metode pembelajaran yang beragam sehingga anak-anak tidak merasa jenuh bahkan bosan dalam proses belajar seperti ceramah, Think Pair Share, games serta lagu-lagu berbahasa Inggris. Dari kegiatan ini anak-anak SEKAMI menjadi merasa percaya diri, pembelajaran yang diberikanpun sangat disenangi oleh anak-anak. Saran bagi pemerhati bahasa Inggris adalah untuk lebih meningkatkan kreativitas melalui berbagai macam cara untuk membumikan bahasa Inggris di bumi nusantara. Kata kunci: fun with English; SEKAMI. ABSTRACTEnglish language is a medium language which used to communicate in all over the world. English learning for the beginners is the important thing that have to do so that it can be supplied for their future. The aim of this activity was to introduce English as early as possible to children and could enhance their motivation and their confidence in using English. One of the activity is Fun with English activity that is a recommended activity to motivate children in learning English by implementing various learning methods in order that the children will never get bored and saturated during learning process. These activities such as lectures, Think Pair Share, games and also English songs. From this activity, the children of SEKAMI become have their self confidence, they felt happy with the materials are given by their teacher. The suggestion is addressed to English observer is they have to be more aware in increasing the creativity through many activities. Keywords: fun with English, SEKAMI
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Lux-Sterritt, Laurence. "Mary Ward's English Institute: The Apostolate As Self-Affirmation?" Recusant History 28, no. 2 (October 2006): 192–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034193200011249.
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Mary Ward (1585–1645) is known as the foundress of the Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary, an Order of women which continues to educate thousands of girls around the world. During the first decades of the seventeenth century, her foundation was a religious venture which aimed to transform the Catholic mission of recovery into one that catered for women as well as men. It maintained clandestine satellites on English soil and opened colleges on the Continent, in towns such as St Omer (1611), Liège (1616), Cologne and Trier (1620–1), Rome (1622), Naples and Perugia (1623), Munich and Vienna (1627) and Pressburg and Prague (1628). There, it trained its own members and undertook the education of externs and boarders. The Institute's vocation was not only to maintain the faith where it was already present but also to propagate it; as such, it went far beyond the accepted sphere of the feminine apostolate and its members were often labelled as rebels who strove to shake off the shackles of post-Tridentine religious life. To some modern historians, Mary Ward was an ‘unattached, roving, adventurous feminist’; to others, she was a foundress whose initiative deliberately set out to lay tradition to rest and begin a new era for the women in the Church.
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Maxfield, David K. "A Fifteenth-Century Lawsuit: The Case of St Anthony's Hospital." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 44, no. 2 (April 1993): 199–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046900015827.
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It is well known that the Council of Constance (1414–18) was concerned with reform, heresy and – above all – the ending of the Great Schism of the papacy. However, comparatively few realise how many personal and institutional suits were heard at tribunals there. Christopher Crowder has asserted with justifiable exaggeration that more ‘ecclesiastical carpetbaggers’ were in attendance than ‘ecclesiastical statesman’. This article, based on hitherto unused material, is a case study which presents the activities of certain ‘carpetbaggers’ and their agents in some detail. It is offered partly because it further documents Crowder's assertion, partly because it supports his conclusion that judicial procedures at the papal curia in the late Middle Ages operated with great continuity, and partly because it suggests how closely King Henry v could concern himself with the details of ecclesiastical business. It also throws unusual light on medieval English hospitals, especially on alien priory establishments. Furthermore, it exemplifies the inordinate amounts of time, documentation, money and gifts required in order to pursue cases at the papal curia; difficulties stemming from reliance on proctors there; the time lags and other problems related to international correspondence and financial transactions in the early fifteenth century; and connections between ‘carpetbaggers’ and ‘ecclesiastical statesmen’ that sometimes affected curia cases.
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Fernández Cuesta, Julia, and Christopher Langmuir. "Verbal morphology in the Old English gloss to the Durham Collectar." NOWELE / North-Western European Language Evolution 72, no. 2 (December 10, 2019): 134–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00025.fer.
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Abstract This article examines the verbal morphology of the Old English interlinear gloss to the Durham Collectar, attributed by almost universal consensus to Aldred of Chester-le-Street, whose earlier gloss to the Lindisfarne Gospels has recently been the object of scholarly attention (Cole 2014; Fernández Cuesta & Pons-Sanz 2016, Gameson et al. 2017). This article analyses -s/-th variation in the present indicative and imperative forms in relation to their syntactic context, in particular subject type and subject-verb adjacency, in order to assess whether the Northern Subject Rule detected by Cole (2014) in Lindisfarne was also operative in Aldred’s later gloss. By means of a quantitative analysis, we find that the first constraint does not significantly affect -s/-ð variation in the gloss and that there is insufficient context for the second. Additionally, it is argued that adjacency is a problematic variable in this text-type. We also demonstrate that there is a higher percentage of second person singular -st and -ð in the Collectar than in Lindisfarne and discuss the possible influence of standard West Saxon on the later gloss.
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Bieganowski, Lech, and Andrzej Grzybowski. "Thomas of Wroclaw (1297–1378) – Medieval bishop and scholar of English origin." Journal of Medical Biography 25, no. 4 (August 26, 2016): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967772016662390.
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Peter of Tilleberi (Tilbury), later known as bishop Thomas of Wroclaw, after completing his studies (in Bologna or in Montpellier) worked as a physician in northern Italy and probably in Spain. Later through Germany and Bohemia, he came to Wroclaw in 1336 where he joined the Order of St. Dominic. In 1352, Thomas was made an auxiliary bishop of the diocese of Wroclaw. After the episcopal consecration, Thomas stopped living in the abbey, but all the time he was well known both as a priest and physician. He is known as an author of several treatises on medical sciences. His most important work entitled Michi competit (i.e. It suits me) is composed of four parts: Regimen sanitatis (i.e. Hygiene), Aggregatum (i.e. Aggregation), Antidotarium (i.e. Medicine directory) and Practica medicinalis (i.e. Medical practices). Moreover, he is the author of other treatises including, for example, De phlebotomia et de iudiciis cruoris (i.e. On phlebotomy and blood content) and De urinis (i.e. On urine). Some Polish scientists claim that bishop Thomas of Wroclaw with his knowledge and industriousness functioned as a university faculty of medicine even though the University of Cracow had not been established yet.
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Sato, Eriko. "A translation-based heterolingual pun and translanguaging." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 31, no. 3 (July 29, 2019): 444–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.18115.sat.
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Abstract This paper examines six English translations of the Japanese novel Botchan with a focus on a complex pun that pairs a multi-morphemic sentence-ending in the Matsuyama dialect with the name of a traditional Japanese food. One English translation renders it as a heterolingual SL-TL pun, which is made comprehensible for TT readers without using footnotes and without distorting the culture of the ST. The SL item in this pun is seamlessly integrated into the TT’s linguistic environment at the morpho-syntactic level and is provided with layers of scaffolding at varied linguistic levels which are naturally presented as if they are a part of textual message. This heterolingual pun is analyzed as a manifestation of translanguaging. The paper proposes a research methodology whereby translanguaging perspectives are applied to translation studies in order to explain varied heterolingual translation phenomena, including foreignization.
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Arseniev, Dmitriy Germanovich, Alexander Vitalievich Rechinskiy, Konstantin Vladimirovich Shvetsov, Nikolay Ivanovich Vatin, and Olga Sergeevna Gamayunova. "Activities of Civil Engineering Institute to Attract Foreign Students for Training in Civil Engineering Programs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 635-637 (September 2014): 2076–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.635-637.2076.
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St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University - Russian and world leader in higher engineering education. In 2010 he received the status of a national research university. In 2013, the Polytechnical University among the 15 universities of Russia, who won the competitive selection for the right to obtain a grant of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia in order to increase their competitiveness among the world's leading research and education centers. Thanks to the activities of the Program “5-100-2020” St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University in 2020 should enter the top 100 QS World University Rankings.The article discusses one of the ranking criteria QS - the proportion of foreign students - on the basis of activities of the Program “5-100-2020” and activities Civil Engineering Institute of Polytechnical University on attracting foreign students. Considered activities such as increasing the number of international educational programs in English, participation Civil Engineering Institute in international educational exhibitions, partnerships with universities and abroad, primarily belonging to the rating of universities QS 500.
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Kelly, James E. "From repatriation to revival. Continuity and change in the English Benedictine Congregation, 1795–1850. By Alban Hood. Pp. xiv + 246 incl. 7 figs + 9 plates. Farnborough: St Michael's Abbey Press, 2014. £24.95. 978 0 907077 66 4." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 67, no. 1 (December 18, 2015): 213–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046915002043.
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Marronage. "Marronage is Resistance Against the Colonizer’s Construction of History." Nordisk Tidsskrift for Informationsvidenskab og Kulturformidling 8, no. 2 (February 11, 2020): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/ntik.v7i2.118484.
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The contribution is an intervention into the book Kolonierne i Vestindien [The Colonies in the West Indies] (1980) by Danish historian Ove Hornby. Pointing to the limitations and biases of Hornby's account of the St. Croix Fireburn labor revolt of 1878, the contribution is an implicit critique of the way archival sources have been put to use within the discipline of history writing in attempts to delegitimise anti-colonial resistance. It is with some ambivalence that we have chosen to also include an English translation of the Hornby text as well as our annotations, and thereby reproduce the very language we are critiquing. However, these translations have been important in order to ensure greater accessibility to a USVI readership.
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Johnson, Jane. "The use of deictic reference in identifying point of view in Grazia Deledda’s Canne al Vento and its translation into English." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 23, no. 1 (August 10, 2011): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.23.1.04joh.
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Point of view in narrative has been identified in literary stylistics through the use of deixis, modality, transitivity and Free Indirect Discourse. These findings have also been applied to literature in translation (Bosseaux 2007). This article focuses on deictic cues in the narrative structure of Canne al Vento by Grazia Deledda in the original Italian and the English translation, following an earlier study focussing on constructing a particular point of view through mental processes of perception, the translation of which did not always reflect that point of view (Johnson 2010). Data emerging from a corpus-assisted study is examined qualitatively using a systemic-functional model in order to assess to what extent the point of view constructed by these cues in the ST is conveyed in the novel in translation.
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Galliver, Peter. "The Early Ampleforth College." Recusant History 28, no. 4 (October 2007): 511–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003419320001164x.
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The early school at Ampleforth was built on the Catholic educational tradition established in continental exile. It was also, in its first three decades, an ambitious and innovative enterprise achieving a degree of success, from the perspectives of educational attainment and social prominence, that was not matched in its history until the twentieth century and its emergence as a major school within the English public school tradition. In its early years, however, Ampleforth was far removed from the Anglican schools that were to develop this tradition.The school at Ampleforth was not originally intended to educate boys other than those intended for the religious life. The plan of the President of the English Benedictine Congregation, Fr. Bede Brewer, was that Ampleforth should be an exclusively monastic community, while Catholic lay boys were to be educated in Lancashire at the Benedictine school established earlier at Parbold. The Parbold school was derived from a small school for the sons of the gentry founded in 1789 by Fr. Gregory Cowley at Vernon Hall. The last Prior of Dieulouard, Fr. Richard Marsh, had taken control of this school in 1797 and then moved it, and the Community of St. Laurence, to Parbold in 1802. When subsequent plans to move the community again, this time to Yorkshire, were being made, Brewer had written, ‘I wish the school in Lancashire to continue as it is established though on a different plan. I would not admit to Ampleforth any boys other than such as the parents are willing, if they have a vocation, to take the Church.’ The beginnings of Ampleforth as a school for intending religious can be seen in a letter of 1803 from Brewer to Mrs. Metcalfe regarding the education of her sons, John and Edward, both of whom did join the community. The letter details the financial provisions for the arrangement. In total £450 was to be paid, ‘but in case the said sons or either of them should not choose or not be judged by the Master of Ampleforth Lodge School proper and fit to enter on any ecclesiastical state of life, or if the school should be discontinued or could not maintain itself at the present state of its pensions… this will be deducted at the rate of £25 per annum from the time entered into the school.’
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Potovskaya, Kseniya S., and Kseniya A. Sekret. "Motivating Role of Assessment and Feedback in Teaching English to Students of Non-Linguistic Specialties." Review of Omsk State Pedagogical University. Humanitarian research, no. 30 (2021): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36809/2309-9380-2021-30-144-148.
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This article presents a study of the motivating role of feedback and assessment in language learning. Within the framework of our research, we surveyed psychological peculiarities of students and their attitude to errors and learning process depending on the feedback strategy applied by the teacher. We also explored types and ways of expressing feedback as well as correction and assessment functions. In order to obtain students’ insights into the motivating role of feedback and to ascertain their preferences for correction, we conducted an opinion poll in a target group of English learners consisting of 150 1-st and 2-nd year students of the Sevastopol State University. The respondents answered based on their personal experience of communication with the teaching staff of the university. The survey showed that the feedback received in the learning environment during English classes strongly affects the level of students’ motivation, but at the same time the majority of students are not afraid of making mistakes as they consider them to be the main factor in their personal and professional development. The study results might help teachers to choose more effective corrective feedback strategies that work best for their students.
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Collins, Jennifer, Amy Polen, Killian McSweeney, Delián Colón-Burgos, and Isabelle Jernigan. "Hurricane Risk Perceptions and Evacuation Decision-Making in the Age of COVID-19." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 102, no. 4 (April 2021): E836—E848. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-20-0229.1.
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AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic increases the complexity of planning for hurricanes as social distancing is in direct conflict with human mobility and congregation. COVID-19 presents not only urgent challenges for this hurricane season due to the likeliness of continued or heightened COVID-19 threat, but also challenges with the next hurricane season with additional waves of the pandemic. There is severe urgency to understand the impact of COVID-19 risk perceptions and the extent people are willing to risk their lives by sheltering in place rather than evacuating during severe hurricanes. In June 2020, a survey (in both English and Spanish) of 40 questions was disseminated through regional planning councils, emergency management, and the media to Florida residents. A total of 7,072 people responded from over 50 counties. Most data obtained were ordinal or categorical in nature, encouraging usage of nonparametric analysis and chi-square tests. Almost half the respondents view themselves as vulnerable to COVID-19 due to preexisting health conditions, and 74.3% of individuals viewed the risk of being in a shelter during the COVID-19 pandemic as more dangerous than enduring hurricane hazards. Additionally, there was a significant number of individuals who would choose to not utilize a public shelter during COVID-19 when they would have previously. Officials can use the results of this study regarding how household evacuation plans change with social distancing to better inform strategies of shelter preparedness and COVID-19 risk mitigation to minimize risk to those in harm’s way of storm surge and other hurricane effects during a mandatory evacuation order.
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Massai, Sonia. "Stage over Study: Charles Marowitz, Edward Bond, and Recent Materialist Approaches to Shakespeare." New Theatre Quarterly 15, no. 3 (August 1999): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x0001304x.
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The flurry of Shakespearean adaptations in the 1960s and 1970s represents a significant yet largely neglected chapter of recent cultural history. This article assesses two of the more enduring adaptations – Edward Bond's Lear (Royal Court Theatre, 1971) and Charles Marowitz's Measure for Measure (Open Space Theatre, 1975) – in order to show how these controversial texts anticipated later mainstream critical approaches which still affect our reception of Shakespeare in the late 1990s. Several parallels between Marowitz and Bond's adaptations and recent materialist readings of their Shakespearean sources suggest that the adaptors anticipated the critics, and that both sought meaning from their Shakespearean originals by focusing on certain aspects of the text and by disregarding others. By demonstrating that whilst Marowitz and Bond's adaptations should best be regarded as a form of stage-centred criticism, Sonia Massai suggests that literary critical approaches inevitably reflect an arbitrary and historically determined appropriation of the Shakespearean original. Sonia Massai is a Lecturer in English Studies at St. Mary's, Strawberry Hill, a College of the University of Surrey. She has published articles on Shakespearean adaptations in Studies in English Literature, Analytical and Enumerative Bibliography, and in a special issue of Textus: English Studies in Italy. She is currently collaborating with Jacques Berthoud on the New Penguin edition of Shakespeare's Titus Andronicus.
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Dubois, Sylvie, and Barbara M. Horvath. "From Accent to Marker in Cajun English." English World-Wide 19, no. 2 (January 1, 1998): 161–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.19.2.02dub.
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The English of bilingual Cajuns living in southern Louisiana has been described as an accented variety of English, the result of interference from French. In order to investigate this proposition, we present a variationist study of four features of Cajun English: 1) the interdental fricatives /th, ð7 realized by the dental stops [t, d]; 2) the failure to aspirate the stops /p, t, k/; 3) the monophthongization of /ai/ and 4) vowel nasalization. The data for this study are taken from the Cajun French/ English Sociolinguistic Survey; the survey has confirmed that English has become dominant in these communities over the last two generations. A sub-sample of 28 speakers, divided by gender into three age groups, is taken from St Landry Parish. If interference from French is the source of these features of Cajun English, we would expect a steady decrease in frequency over apparent time so that these vernacular features will be used more frequently by the older and less frequently by the middle-aged and least of all by the younger generation. The results of GoldVarb analysis of the variables show a complex interrelationship of age, gender and social network. All of the variables studied followed the expected pattern; the old generation use more of the vernacular variants than all others; the middle-aged dramatically decrease their use of the vernacular but the young generation exhibit a number of complex patterns in their use of the vernacular features. Interestingly the young follow the decreasing pattern for (p, t, k) but they show a level of usage for the other variables closer to the old generation so that there is a v-shaped age pattern rather than a pattern showing a steady decrease of the so-called accented features of Cajun English. We argue that although the vernacular forms produced by the older group can be considered part of an ethnic accent, they play a very different role in the younger generation which can be attributed both to French language attrition and to the on-going blossoming of a Cajun cultural renaissance. Being Cajun is now socially and economically advantageous; the younger generation, unlike the middle-aged, take pride in their Cajun identity. The functions of French for people under 40 years old have been significantly reduced so that it is now generally limited to the family domain and even more restricted in that it is used primarily in speaking with older members of the extended family. Given this situation, the only linguistic way to signal "Cajunness" is left to English.
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Eszenyi. "Corona Angelica Pannoniae: ‘...ecce Angelus Domini’." Arts 8, no. 4 (October 23, 2019): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts8040141.
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The article examines the Hungarian corona angelica tradition, according to which the Holy Crown of Hungary was delivered to the country by an angel. In order to embed Hungarian results into international scholarship, it provides an English language summary of previous research and combines in one study how St. Stephen I (997–1038), St. Ladislaus I (1074–1095), and King Matthias Corvinus (1458–1490) came to be associated with the tradition, examining both written and visual sources. The article moves forward previous research by posing the question whether the angel delivering the Crown to Hungary could have been identified as the Angelus Domini at some point throughout history. This possibility is suggested by Hungary’s Chronici Hungarici compositio saeculi XIV and an unusually popular Early Modern modification of the Hartvik Legend, both of which use this expression to denote the angel delivering the Crown. While the article leaves the question open until further research sheds more light on the history of early Hungarian spirituality; it also points out how this identification of the angel would harmonize the Byzantine and the Hungarian iconography of the corona angelica, and provides insight into the current state of the Angelus Domini debate in angelology.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 61, no. 3-4 (January 1, 1987): 183–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002052.
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-Richard Price, C.G.A. Oldendorp, C.G.A. Oldendorp's history of the Mission of the Evangelical Brethren on the Caribbean Islands of St. Thomas, St. Croix, and St. John. Edited by Johann Jakob Bossard. English edition and translation by Arnold R. Highfield and Vladimir Barac. Ann Arbor MI: Karoma, 1987. xxxv + 737 pp.-Peter J. Wilson, Lawrence E. Fisher, Colonial madness: mental health in the Barbadian social order. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1985. xvi + 215 pp.-George N. Cave, R.B. le Page ,Acts of identity: Creloe-based approaches to language and ethnicity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985. x + 275 pp., Andree Tabouret-Keller (eds)-H. Hoetink, Julia G. Crane, Saba silhouettes: life stories from a Caribbean island. Julia G. Crane (ed), New York: Vantage Press, 1987. x + 515 pp.-Sue N. Greene, Anne Walmsley ,Facing the sea: a new anthology from the Caribbean region. London and Kingston: Heinemann, 1986. ix + 151 pp., Nick Caistor, 190 (eds)-Melvin B. Rahming, Mark McWatt, West Indian literature and its social context. Cave Hill, Barbados, Department of English, 1985.-David Barry Gaspar, Rebecca J. Scott, Slave emancipation in Cuba: the transition to free labor, 1860-1899. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1985. xviii + 319 pp.-Mary Butler, Louis A. Perez Jr., Cuba under the Platt agreement, 1902-1934. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1986. xvii + 410 pp.-Ana M. Rodríguez-Ward, Idsa E. Alegria Ortega, La comisión del status de Puerto Rico: su historia y significación. Río Piedras, Puerto Rico: Editorial Universitaria. 1982. ix + 214 pp.-Alain Buffon, Jean Crusol, Changer la Martinique: initiation a l'économie des Antilles. Paris: Editions Caribeennes, 1986. 96 pp.-Klaus de Albuquerque, Bonham C. Richardson, Panama money in Barbados, 1900-1920. Knoxville: University of Tennesse Press, 1985. xiv + 283 pp.-Steven R. Nachman, Marcel Fredericks ,Society and health in Guyana: the sociology of health care in a developing nation. Authors include Janet Fredericks. Durham: Carolina Academic Press, 1986. xv + 173 pp., John Lennon, Paul Mundy (eds)
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Ajtony, Zsuzsanna. "Translation of Irony in the Hungarian Subtitles of Downton Abbey." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica 6, no. 2 (March 1, 2015): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ausp-2015-0014.
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AbstractThis paper proposes to analyse ironic utterances in the British TV series Downton Abbey (Season One) by comparing the English source text (ST) irony found in the script of the film to its subtitled variant of the Hungarian target text (TT). First the literature of the domain is surveyed in order to draw attention to the difficulty of rendering irony in audiovisual subtitles which emphasises that, as a multidisciplinary area, it involves not only audio and visual, but also verbal and non-verbal factors. This section is followed by a brief survey of irony theories highlighting the incongruence factor of irony, which also needs to be rendered in the TT After offering an outline of the story, several examples of ironic utterances are discussed, applying the dynamic equivalence method.
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Noemi, Nancy Chiuh. "FROM NEEDS ANALYSIS TO DESIGNING ACADEMIC WRITING MATERIALS FOR DIPLOMA STUDENTS OF MARA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (UITM), MALAYSIA." IJLECR - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE EDUCATION AND CULTURE REVIEW 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/ijlecr.012.18.
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When students begin their undergraduate studies, they will need to adjust to the demands of the undergraduate studies with regard to academic English at university level. Dudley-Evans & St. John (1998, p.37) maintain that “their English tuition up to the tertiary level will generally have been in the area of General English, and is unlikely to have included specific preparation for study at university level…†Barker (2000, p.8), in his study on first year students’ perception of writing difficulties, found that the students “come to realise during first semester that they are not adequately prepared for the writing demands required at universityâ€. Pecorari (as cited in Phakiti & Li, 2011) found that Asian ESL students had problems in academic writing; “the students begin their aca-demic writing from ‘copying’ which implies a lack of training in academic writing and arouses accusations of plagiarism in their writing†(p.232). Being an English-medium public university in Malaysia, MARA University of Technology (UiTM) poses challenges to both its students and instructors, as a good command of English is essential. In its attempt to equip its undergraduate students with language skills, UiTM has introduced credit-bearing English courses. This paper presents the findings from a research project to identify the academic writing needs of first-year Diploma in Public Administration students in UiTM Sabah. A total of 110 Diploma in Public Administration students and six instructors responded to the questionnaires. The research examined the students’ and instructors’ perceptions of the importance of academic writing skills the students need in order to complete their undergraduate programmes, assessment of the students’ academic writing skills, and the difficulty of academic writing skills. The findings indicated that there was consistency of response between the students and instructors. The follow-up interviews and focus groups with instructors and students confirmed this. The findings from the needs analysis are then used as the basis for developing academic writing materials to complement the existing English courses in UiTM.
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Maciel, Maria Esther. "Julio Bressane, Peter Greenaway e Haroldo de Campos." Aletria: Revista de Estudos de Literatura 8 (March 2, 2018): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2317-2096.8..53-59.
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Resumo: São Jerônimo teve que reinventar o latim para traduzir a Bíblia diretamente da língua hebraica, causando efeitos de estranhamento em seus contemporâneos e inaugurando uma nova concepção da arte de traduzir. No cinema contemporâneo, pelo menos dois cineastas trouxeram à tela a figura do santo tradutor: Julio Bressane, em São Jerônimo, e Peter Greenaway, em O livro de cabeceira. No caso deste, a evocação de Jerônimo entrelaça-se obliquamente, através do protagonista Jerome, à de um tradutor importante para a poesia de língua inglesa do século XX: Arthur Waley, o primeiro a traduzir para o inglês o clássico japonês O livro de cabeceira, de Sei Shonagon. No Brasil, Haroldo de Campos marca a confluência dessas duas vertentes: a da tradução criativa da poesia oriental e a da reescrita – na trilha aberta por São Jerônimo – de fragmentos da Bíblia a partir do original hebraico.Palavras-chave: São Jerônimo; tradução criativa; cinema contemporâneo.Abstract: St. Jerome had to re-invent Latin in order to translate the Bible directly from Hebrew. In doing so, he created a new conception of the art of translation. In the contemporary cinema, at least two filmmakers brought to the screen the figure of the saint-translator: Julio Bressane, in São Jerônimo, and Peter Greenaway, in The pillow book. In the case of the latter, the evocation of St. Jerome is obliquely interwoven, through the protagonist Jerome, with a prominent British translator, Arthur Waley, who was the first to translate into English the Japanese classic The pillow book by Sei Shonagon. In Brazil, Haroldo de Campos represents the convergence of these two approaches to translation: the “transcreation” of Oriental poetry and the re-writing of the Bible from the Hebrew, as St. Jerome did.Keywords: St. Jerome; creative translation; poetry; contemporary cinema.
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Brian, Oxley. "‘Simples are by Compounds Farre Exceld’: Southwell’s Longer Latin Poems and ‘St Peters Complaint’." Recusant History 17, no. 3 (May 1985): 330–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003419320000114x.
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It is understandable that study of Southwell’s life should have had priority over the study of his poetry. This biographical bias is evident in the gaps and weaknesses of existing accounts of his poetry: shortcomings which, I would argue, are regrettable because his poetry could provide a better commentary on his life than the conventional assumptions of hagiography. His Latin poetry, which forms a substantial portion of his poetic output, has been overlooked both in Leicester Bradner’s history of Anglo-Latin poetry, and the more recent upsurge in Neo-Latin studies. A different kind of ignorance surrounds his English poetry. In his poetic masterpiece, ‘Saint Peters Complaint’, Southwell describes Christ’s glance as ‘In cyphred words, his misteries disclosing’. (The words are cyphered because they are zeroes, circles projected from Christ’s eyes. They are also cyphered in being encoded in an image.) The description may be aptly applied to the poem which also consists of ‘cyphered words’. The poem’s code is not difficult to penetrate, but nevertheless this essay represents the first attempt to give an account of the ‘high mysteries’ that it at once conceals and discloses; that is, to elucidate the cryptic aspect of the poem. This gap in the secondary literature exemplifies a more general charge that can be levelled against writers on Southwell: that they have tended to deprecate the mannerism or artifice of his work as somehow detracting from his sanctity, Typically, they present it as an external trapping or disguise which must be discarded in order to reveal the true, natural Southwell. I would maintain, however, that artifice is central to Southwell’s poetry, his conception of religion, and his life.
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N’Zengou-Tayo, Marie-José, and Elizabeth Wilson. "Translators on a Tight Rope: The Challenges of Translating Edwidge Danticat’s Breath, Eyes, Memory and Patrick Chamoiseau’s Texaco." TTR : traduction, terminologie, rédaction 13, no. 2 (March 19, 2007): 75–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037412ar.
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Abstract Translators on a Tight Rope: The Challenges of Translating Edwidge Danticat's Breath, Eyes, Memory and Patrick Chamoiseau's Texaco — For Caribbean intellectuals and scholars, translation of Caribbean literary texts has a key role to play for breaching the language barriers in the Caribbean and fostering regional integration. However, most publishing houses are located in the industrialized North, i.e. in countries which had colonial interests in the region. The targeted market of these publishers is located in a region which tends to exoticize the Caribbean. Henceforth, translating Caribbean literature can be like walking on a tight rope, since the translator would have to negotiate carefully between exoticism and faithfulness to the Caribbean culture. In addition, at least for the Dutch, French and English-speaking Caribbean, there is also the issue of bilingualism: use of French in relation with use of Haitian / Martinican / Guadeloupian Creole, use of English with Jamaican / Trinidadian Creole or a French-based Creole (Dominica, Grenada, and St Lucia). Against this background, we examined two translations, one from English into French (Edwidge Danticat's Breath, Eyes, Memory, 1994), the other from French into English (Patrick Chamoiseau's Texaco, 1992). We analyzed the translators' strategies in order to convey the Haitian and Martinican cultures. We also discussed their rendering of the bilingual shifts present in both texts. One translator was more successful than the other, which also raised the issue of 'scholar' translation versus 'non scholar' translation. In conclusion, Caribbean academics have to be watchful of the translations of literary works of the region since these translations, which do not aim primarily at the regional audience will nevertheless impact on cultural relationships in the region.
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Alttoa, Kaur. "Anmerkungen zur Baugeschichte der St. Olaikirche auf Worms (Vormsi) im Bistum Ösel-Wiek (Saare-Lääne)." Baltic Journal of Art History 14 (December 27, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/bjah.2017.14.01.
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Vormsi is a small island that belonged to the Oesel-Wiek bishopric during the Middle Ages. There is a church on the island that is dedicated to St Olaf, the Norwegian king who was undoubtedly the most popular saint among the Scandinavians. A short article written by Villem Raam in the anthology Eesti Arhitektuur (Estonian Architecture, 1996) is the only one worth mentioning that has appeared to date on the architectural history of the Vormsi church.The Vormsi church is comprised of a sanctuary and nave. Only the sanctuary was completed during the Middle Ages, and the stone nave was not completed until 1632. During the restoration of the church between 1989 and 1990, fragments were found of the foundation of the wooden church that predated the stone one. It is possible that the wooden church was utilised throughout the Middle Ages as a congregation room.Currently, it is believed that the Vormsi sanctuary was built during the 15th century. This dating is based on the pyramid-shaped vault consoles – a similar shape also appears in the chapel of the gate tower in the Padise Cistercian monastery. Actually, the Padise consoles have been reused. Their original location is unknown and their completion is impossible to date even within the time frame of a century.The most significant is the eastern wall of the Vormsi sanctuary, where a spacious niche with pointed arch is located. This Cistercian composition was also used in the Haapsalu Cathedral and apparently that was the model for the Vormsi church. The Haapsalu Cathedral is a surprisingly simple single-nave church with three bays. The church has richly decorated capitals on its wall pillars, on which both Romanesque and Early Gothic motifs have been used. At least some of the capitals have been hewn by a master who previously worked on the construction of the capital hall in the Riga Cathedral. The northern section of the Haapsalu Cathedral was apparently built in the 1260s. In the vicinity of Riga there is a church with a floor plan that is an exact counterpart to the one in Haapsalu – the Holme / Martinsala Church that dates back to about the 13th century. Considering both the floor plan and the sculptured decorations, it is believable that the designers and builders of the Haapsalu Cathedral came from the Riga environs.Pärnu is also on the Riga-Haapsalu route. Actually, two towns existed there during the Middle Ages. For a short time, Old-Pärnu on the right bank of the river had been the centre of the Oesel-Wiek bishopric before Haapsalu. However, the left bank of the river was controlled by the Livonian Order. There is very little information about the Old-Pärnu Cathedral that was completed around 1251 and destroyed by the Lithuanians in 1263. However, one thing is known – it also had a single-nave with three bays. There is no information about the design of the eastern wall of the cathedral. However, the sanctuary of St Nicholas’ Church in New-Pärnu had an eastern niche similar to the one in Haapsalu. It is not impossible that the motif was borrowed from the cathedral across the river or its ruins. Attention should also be paid to the fact that the design of the northern and southern walls in the sanctuary of Pärnu’s St Nicholas’ Church are similar to the Vormsi church. Therefore, there is no doubt that these two sanctuaries are architecturally and genetically related. Apparently the Vormsi sanctuary was built immediately or soon after the completion of the Haapsalu Cathedral – not later than 1270. It is not impossible that the vaults were constructed sometime later.The vault painting in the Vormsi sanctuary is probably inspired by the “paradise vaults” in Gotland. The Vormsi painting is strikingly primitive. In Estonia, this primitive style can also be seen in the churches in Ridala and Pöide.There is a squint (hagioscope) on the southern wall of the Vormsi church sanctuary, and an unusual sacrament niche with a light shaft in the eastern wall. This does not date back to the time when the sanctuary was built, but was added later. There have been at least eight such sacrament niches in Estonia, most of which were built in the 15th century.
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Abdullaev, E. V. "Küchelbecker’s Lyceum-era Dictionary. A reading list of a young intellectual in the 1810s." Voprosy literatury, no. 2 (July 29, 2020): 231–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2020-2-231-277.
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The article discusses W. Küchelbecker’s Dictionary [Slovar] that he compiled during his studies at the Tsarskoe Selo Lyceum as a kind of reading diary from 1815 to 1817. Dictionary gives an insight into formative influences on the future writer as well as his close friends from among fellow students – most notably Pushkin, who is known to have read the manuscript. It contains extracts from books of fiction as well as philosophical and historical works and periodicals read by Küchelbecker at the time. Among others, Dictionary mentions Pseudo-Longinus, J.-J. Rousseau, F. de Weiss, F. Schiller, L. Sterne, etc., listing the extracts in alphabetical order. Most translations from German, French, and English are penned by Küchelbecker himself. A fi st such experiment in the systematic analysis of this relic of the 1810s intellectual culture, the article reconstructs the reading list of Küchelbecker and his fellow students at the Lyceum. Approximately one sixth of Dictionary, covering the entries from A to G, is published in the appendix to the article, supplied with notes on the sources and their brief description.
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Imjidee, Nuchanad, and Soh Bee Kwee. "Normalization Techniques For Translating Cultural - Specific Expressions." LSP International Journal 7, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/lspi.v7.15264.
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For readability of audience in target culture (TC), cultural-specific expressions (CSEs) which have been embedded with specific characteristics, need specific techniques to transfer them into target language (TL). This study aims to identify normalization techniques (NTs) from domestication strategies to show that they are particularly necessary for CSE translation. Based on the previous studies of different scholars, the overlap between domestication and normalization is clarified, following by the clarification of the relation between normalization and the use of translator’s subjectivity, as well as the distinction between CSEs and universals for simple explanation on what normalization and CSE are. Last but not least, the overlapping NTs, classified from domestication strategies will be unified. Finally, illustration of normalization of CSEs, selected from Thai target text (TT) and its English source text (ST), The Da Vinci Code (DVC), a novel by Dan Brown, will give an overt explanation of how each NT is used to deal with CSEs in order to show relation between characteristics of CSEs and each NT. This will answer why NTs are necessary.