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Journal articles on the topic 'English language – Dialects'
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1
Tong, Chengshou. "Status Quo and Comparative Study of Fujianese College Students’ Language Abilities, Language Attitudes and Language Use." Scientific and Social Research 3, no. 6 (2021): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36922/ssr.v3i6.1277.
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The study undertakes a diachronic comparative analysis of college students’ Mandarin, dialect, English use status, language aptitude, and language attitudes between 2015 and 2020 using data from a questionnaire of Fujian Province college students. The findings show that: (1) Mandarin’s function and status are increasing, resulting in a situation in which Mandarin is the dominant language and multiple language codes, such as dialects and English, coexist; (2) Mandarin use is increasing, while dialect use is decreasing; (3) Mandarin and English listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills are improving, while dialect listening and speaking skills are deteriorating; (4) Although Fujianese college students have a higher overall opinion of Mandarin, dialects, and English, their views toward Mandarin, dialects, and other languages are deteriorating. Based on this, the paper proposes curriculum ideology and politics in foreign language classes, as well as a variety of strategies to preserve Fujian’s strong dialects and scientifically protect weak dialects and endangered minority languages.
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Hendricks, Alison Eisel, and Suzanne M. Adlof. "Production of Morphosyntax Within and Across Different Dialects of American English." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no. 7 (2020): 2322–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00244.
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Purpose This study examined the production of morphosyntactic markers by school-age children with and without developmental language disorder. Comparisons were made between students who speak mainstream American English (MAE) dialects and nonmainstream American English (NMAE) dialects. Method First- and second-grade students ( N = 82) completed assessments of dialect use and language ability, which are designed for students who speak NMAE dialects. Students also completed an experimental production task targeting three morphosyntactic features: past tense – ed marking, third-person singular – s marking, and plural – s marking. Past tense marking and third-person singular are produced differently across MAE and NMAE dialects, whereas plural marking is produced more similarly across dialects. Results When comparing across dialects, children with typical language skills who spoke NMAE dialects overtly marked past tense and third-person singular less often compared to MAE peers. However, when comparing to same-dialect peers with language disorders, children with typical language skills who spoke NMAE dialects overtly marked these morphosyntactic markers more often than peers with developmental language disorder. Conclusion The results underscore the importance of considering a child's dialect use when assessing language ability, in particular with measures that include features that are variable in NMAE dialects. At the same time, within-dialect comparisons suggest that a broader set of morphosyntactic features may provide useful information for evaluations of language ability. Future research should investigate the source of these differences, including the extent to which students with language disorders have acquired the social and linguistic factors that condition the use of variable features.
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Akrobettoe, Raymond Teye, Regina Oforiwah Caesar, and Evershed Kwasi Amuzu. "Dialectal variation in lexical borrowings in Dangme." Legon Journal of the Humanities 33, no. 2 (2022): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ljh.v33i2.1.
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language spoken in Southern Ghana. Dangme has seven dialects (Ada, Gbugblaa, Yilɔ Krobo, Manya Krobo, Nugo, Sɛ and Osudoku), but this study concerns lexical borrowings into the first four. The language is in contact with four languages from which it has borrowed: Ewe, Ga, Akan, and English. Each dialect of Dangme is in direct contact with English, the official language of Ghana, and with at least one of the three Ghanaian languages. While Ada is in contact with Ewe and Gbugblaa with Ga, both Yilɔ Krobo and Manya Krobo are in contact with Akan and, to some extent, Ewe. The study departed from focus on phonological adaptation of borrowed words, the subject matter of previous studies, to pursue two interrelated objectives, i.e., to find out: (i) whether, and to what extent, borrowings into a dialect from a given source language remain localized or are transferred to the other dialects and (ii) whether, and what extent, the lexical borrowings constitute additions to the Dangme lexicon or, conversely, a relexification of native words in the lexicon. Eighty (80) respondents, 20 each from the four dialects considered, were purposively sampled to participate in the data collection process and the data analysis was done within the Variationist Sociolinguistics Theory. It was found that while most Akan and English lexical borrowings have become integrated in all the four dialects of Dangme, this is not the case with lexical borrowings from Ga and Ewe. Most Ga borrowings are found only in Gbugblaa and most Ewe borrowings are found only in Ada and, to some extent, Manya Krobo. It was also found that Akan and English lexical borrowings generally constitute additions to the Dangme lexicon while Ewe and Ga lexical borrowings may be seen as subtractive borrowings or cases of relexification in Ada and Gbugblaa respectively. The study is expected to contribute to an understanding of how languages like Dangme whose dialects have geographical contact with different languages develop dialectal variation.
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Shi, Boyi, Qianli Zhou, and Jinfei Li. "Influence of Dialect on the English Consonants Perception by English L2 learners: Evidence from Jiangsu Province for Chinese Native Speakers." Communications in Humanities Research 30, no. 1 (2024): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/30/20231449.
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The native language will have a negative transfer on the acquisition of second language. Dialects, as a branch of Chinese, also have an influence on English acquisition. The perception of consonants is one of the important foundations of English learning. This study will adopt discrimination as an experimental method to investigate whether there is a significant difference in the influence of different dialects on the perception of English consonants. Three major dialects in Jiangsu province will be taken as a study case to verify the hypothesis that there is a significant difference on the perception of English consonants in different dialects. This study will fill the gap in the overall research on the impact of three major dialects in Jiangsu province on the perception of English consonants, help English language learners with dialect background to reduce the influence of dialects on them and provide some teaching key points to teachers, especially for English language learners in Jiangsu province.
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Zang, Yunhao. "How Dialects of Chinese Language Influence L1-Speakers Phonological and Phonetic Acquisition of English." Communications in Humanities Research 34, no. 1 (2024): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/34/20240082.
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There have been many studies concerning Chinese dialects influence on the learning of English sounds. However, it is widely believed that Chinese dialect speakers always face greater difficulties when learning English than Mandarin speakers, which is rebutted through this research, to some degree. The study tests the English repeating ability of speakers native to Wenzhou Wu, a dialect with a significant difference, and native to Tianjin Mandarin, which is very similar to Putonghua. The study compares the phonology of these two dialects and English and assumes that both of these dialects influence the acquisition of certain sounds of English. L1 speakers of these two dialects, who have not been exposed to English before, are asked to repeat the recording of English words, and through phonetic analysis of the material, we can find the difference in these candidates ability to acquire these sounds. The results show that the two branches of the Chinese language are found to both facilitate and obstacle native speakers SLA in different aspects.
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Hyryn, O. "INFLUENCE OF MIDDLE ENGLISH NORTHERN DIALECTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE." Studia Philologica, no. 2 (2019): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2311-2425.2019.13.6.
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The article deals with the phonetic, grammatic and lexical features which penetrated into the London Dialect from the Middle English Northern and North-Eastern dialects and evenyually were fixed in the literary language. The article claims that the penetration of the Northern features took place as the result of the London dialect base shift which took place due to the extralinguistic reasons, namely by social and demographic reasons. The article describes both direct influence (lexical) and indirect (partially phonetic and partially grammatic). The article claims that systemic changes in English, such as reduction of unstressed syllables and concequent simplification of grammatical paradigms were greatly fascilitated by the influence of Northern dialects on the London dialect in Late Middle English period
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Tetty, Marscolia. "Theory of origin of languages." Macrolinguistics and Microlinguistics 1, no. 1 (2020): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/mami.v1n1.2.
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This paper aimed at exploring the theory of the origin of languages. The history of the English language begins with the birth of the English language on the island of Britain about 1,500 years ago. English is a West Germanic language derived from the Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to the island of Britain by Germanic immigrants from parts of the northwest of what is now the Netherlands and Germany. Initially, Old English was a group of dialects reflecting the origins of the various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms in England. One of these dialects, West Saxon eventually came to dominate. Then the original Old English was influenced by two waves of invasion. The first wave of invasion was the invasion of speakers of the Scandinavian branch of the German language family. They conquered and inhabited parts of Britain in the 8th and 9th centuries. Then this second wave of invasion was the Normans in the 11th century who spoke a dialect of French. These two invasions resulted in English being "mixed up" to some degree (although it was never a literal mixed language).
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Afnan Musyaffa and Lusiana Suciati Dewi. "An Analytical Study of Language Styles in Different English Dialects." Jurnal Nakula : Pusat Ilmu Pendidikan, Bahasa dan Ilmu Sosial 2, no. 5 (2024): 222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.61132/nakula.v2i5.1051.
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This article aims to investigate language style variations within different dialects of the English language. Focusing on language elements such as vocabulary, syntax, and speech style, the research adopts an analytical approach to comprehend differences in language usage across several dialects. The research methodology involves the collection and analysis of data from representative text sources of each dialect. The findings highlight significant differences in language varieties, reflecting the cultural richness and historical background behind the development of these dialects. These results provide profound insights into the complexity of the English language through the lens of dialects, which can be valuable for cross-cultural understanding and the development of more effective communication strategies.
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SUÁREZ-GÓMEZ, CRISTINA. "On the syntactic differences between OE dialects: evidence from the Gospels." English Language and Linguistics 13, no. 1 (2009): 57–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674308002864.
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Old English has traditionally been considered a period of linguistic homogeneity, since most available recorded texts are generally written in the West Saxon dialect. There are, however, isolated texts which have been ascribed to other varieties, in particular Northumbrian and Mercian. In fact, recent research on syntactic dialectology in early English (Kroch & Taylor 1997; Ogura 1999; Hogg 2004, 2006a; Ingham 2006) shows that linguistic variation has been present in the English language from the earliest times. This study reassesses the existence of variation in the syntax of texts belonging to different dialectal varieties in Old English, in particular in relative constructions. Based on an analysis of relative clauses in three versions of the Gospels from late Old English, representing West Saxon, Northumbrian and Mercian dialects, we will observe differences in the texts, regarding both the paradigm of relativizers and the position adopted by the relative clause within the main clause. I relate these differences to the existence of linguistic differences in northern and southern dialects.
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Dixon, R. M. W. "A changing language situation: The decline of Dyirbal 1963–1989." Language in Society 20, no. 2 (1991): 183–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500016262.
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ABSTRACTDyirbal was probably originally spoken by about 5,000 people across its 10 dialects. In 1963, the northern dialects had just a few speakers (now all dead save one), but two southern dialects had formed a language community with several score speakers, including a number of children. Over the past quarter-century, younger people have switched to English, while among the older ones a new “merged dialect” has developed. The social situations and attitudes of speakers are described, in addition to changing language identifications. The writer has seen Dyirbal contract in lexical and grammatical complexity as it has moved toward an inevitable extinction. (Sociolinguistics, language death, Australian Aboriginal languages, field methods)
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Cooper, Andrew R. "‘Folk-Speech’ and ‘Book English’: Re-presentations of Dialect in Hardy's Novels." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 3, no. 1 (1994): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096394709400300102.
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In an attempt to evaluate the fidelity of Hardy's representation of dialect speech, critics have made implicit or explicit reference to dialects actually spoken at the time Hardy wrote his novels of rural life. To this end, comparisons are often made between features of ‘Wessex dialect’ and contemporary records of dialects produced by amateur dialectologists, such as Hardy's friend William Barnes. In this article I propose a new approach to the relationship between non-fictional records of dialects in the nineteenth century and the literary representation of dialect speech in Hardy's novels. I argue that the considerable practical and theoretical difficulties that are to be found in non-fictional records of dialects, mean that Hardy's version of dialect speech cannot be read back on to authentic dialect speech. Only when the non-literary definition and representation of dialects are recognised as problematic, can questions be asked which reveal the true complexity of dialect speech in the novels. I demonstrate a reading of the language of Hardy's novels as a complex intersection of contemporary rules of definition of dialects, which are re-presented in the texts as internally and mutually contradictory discourses. Focusing upon the discursive construction of the sign of ‘Wessex dialect’, I indicate how Hardy's literary version of dialect speech can be read as a political critique of the definition and representation of the opposition between ‘folk-speech’ and ‘book English’ at the time the novels were written.
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Dasariya, Sunil, and A. S. Chauhan. "The Significance of Current Techniques and Skills of Learning English as a Second Language." International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing 10, no. 6 (2021): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.47760/ijcsmc.2021.v10i06.005.
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English has been assigned as a wellspring of intercultural correspondence among individuals from different semantic and social foundations. A scope of phonetic and social hypotheses contributes significant experiences on the improvement of ability in intercultural correspondence. The theories recommend the utilization of informative methodologies zeroing in on the advancement of students' productivity in imparting language through social setting. This investigation pointed toward deciding variables which may affect the learning of English as a second language large scale abilities (perusing, composing, tuning in, and talking) by optional students and furthermore the difficulties and advantages of learning ESL. English as a second or unknown dialect is the utilization of English by speakers with various local dialects. Guidance for English-language students might be referred to as English as a subsequent language, English as an unknown dialect, English as an extra language, or English for speakers of different dialects. English as an unfamiliar language is utilized for non-local English speakers learning English in a country where English isn't ordinarily spoken.
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kizi, Xolmurodova Madina Alisher. "PHONETIC FEATURES OF ENGLISH DIALECTS." American Journal of Philological Sciences 4, no. 4 (2024): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ajps/volume04issue04-08.
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The article examines the term dialect is often used in the sense of regional, local or geographic varieties of a language mainly used in oral speech. A language belongs to a nation or nations, as English does, therefore it is a social phenomenon, understandable by all its members. A language is not a complex combination of individual speech forms. The phonetic and phonological features of a language dialect relationship, natural bilingualism and also some types of speech communities classified by their social characteristics are studiedin a new branch of phonetics, namely social phonetics. Idiolects and dialect speakers are identifiable by their sounds, tone or melody, words and also by expressions and constructions by their phonetics, grammatical, lexical and stylistic features. The distinction between language and dialect is based on the criterion of functional approach.
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Shi, Lu-Feng, and Luz Adriana Canizales. "Dialectal Effects on a Clinical Spanish Word Recognition Test." American Journal of Audiology 22, no. 1 (2013): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1059-0889(2012/12-0036).
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Purpose American Spanish dialects have substantial phonetic and lexical differences. This study investigated how dialectal differences affect Spanish/English bilingual individuals' performance on a clinical Spanish word recognition test. Method Forty Spanish/English bilinguals participated in the study—20 dominant in Spanish and 20 in English. Within each group, 10 listeners spoke the Highland dialect, and 10 spoke the Caribbean/Coastal dialect. Participants were maximally matched between the 2 dialectal groups regarding their demographic and linguistic background. Listeners were randomly presented 4 lists of Auditec Spanish bisyllabic words at 40 dB SL re: pure-tone average. Each list was randomly assigned with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of quiet, +6, +3, and 0 dB, in the presence of speech-spectrum noise. Listeners responded orally and in writing. Results Dialect and language dominance both significantly affected listener performance on the word recognition test. Higher performance levels were obtained with Highland than Caribbean/Coastal listeners and with Spanish-dominant than English-dominant listeners. The dialectal difference was particularly evident in favorable listening conditions (i.e., quiet and +6 dB SNR) and could not be explained by listeners' familiarity with the test words. Conclusion Dialects significantly affect the clinical assessment of Spanish-speaking clients' word recognition. Clinicians are advised to consider the phonetic features of the dialect when scoring a client's performance.
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Xu, Qinyi. "A Brief Introduction to the Generation, Characteristics, and Influence of Shanghai Pidgin on Language and Society." Communications in Humanities Research 3, no. 1 (2023): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/3/20220241.
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Language contact refers to a specific but universal linguistic phenomenon that almost anyone encounters, in the process of language contact. Language contact occurs not only between languages, but also between common languages and dialects, and between dialects and dialects. This paper focuses on the emergence, characteristics, and influence of Pidgin on society and language. The paper uses documentary analysis and case studies by finding linguistic examples. Based on previous research, it is concluded that Pidgin has a profound influence on the pronunciation and grammar of the Shanghai dialect, and on this basis, this paper concludes that "Pidgin" is a kind of deformed English produced in the old Chinese coastal trading ports. As a general language, it became a necessary tool for communication with foreigners at that time. Many of these words have survived and are still used in everyday conversation.
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Sajdi, Faqeer Jan. "Socioeconomic Factors and Language Variation in Punjabi Speech Communities." Spry Journal of Literature and Linguistics 1, no. 2 (2023): 91–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.62681/sprypublishers.sjll/1/2/2.
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Introduction: The social structures and linguistic diversity of Pakistan have garnered global attention. The intricate relationship between these factors arises from the coexistence of multiple languages, each intricately tied to specific social strata. Social status often correlates with language use: English is favored by the elite and upper class, while Urdu is more prevalent among the middle class. Regional languages are commonly employed by rural residents and those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Despite these variations, Pakistani society maintains a delicate balance between social stratification and linguistic richness, resulting in a culturally diverse environment. Methodology: This research explores the complex correlation between dialect variations and language attitudes within the district of Punjab, Pakistan. With its intriguing history and rich heritage, Punjab is the country's most populous and culturally diverse region? Its inhabitants represent diverse ethnic, linguistic, and religious backgrounds, making it an ideal setting for studying language attitudes. By examining dialect variation, we seek to enhance our understanding of its influence on language attitudes and its impact on the linguistic landscape of Punjab. To achieve our objectives, we employ a mixed-methods approach. Quantitative data analysis will comprehensively examine various dialectal features, while qualitative inquiry will elucidate community members' perceptions of these variations. Integrating these two methodologies allows us to unravel the dynamics of dialectal variation in the region. Results/Findings: Researchers comprehensively evaluated the vast variety of Punjabi dialects spoken in both urban and rural parts of Punjab. Data gathering involved surveys, interviews, and sociolinguistic observations. The results revealed an intricate configuration of dialect diversity shaped by urbanization, socioeconomic standing, and educational attainment. Additionally, the study explored the influence of other regional dialects on society, emphasizing language's role in shaping individual and group identities. Future Direction: The research emphasized the importance of language in influencing identity by examining how specific dialects are perceived in connection with linguistic prestige and social standing. Furthermore, the influence of social institutions news channels, educational institutions, and dialect diversity on linguistic perspectives and attitudes was observed. This study conducted an exhaustive examination of the intricate linguistic terrain of Punjab, Pakistan. The findings shed light on language policy and social identity implications, providing valuable insights for policymakers and researchers. Considering the impact of language policies, further exploration is needed to determine how they can facilitate or impede the spread of dialects. Understanding these dynamics will contribute to informed decisions regarding language preservation and propagation in Punjab.
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Al-Jabri, Hanan, Ghadeer Alhasan, and Sukayna Ali. "Subtitling Arabic humour into English." European Journal of Humour Research 11, no. 2 (2023): 159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/ejhr.2023.11.2.754.
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This article examines how humour in Arabic stand-up comedies is translated into English in an audio-visual context. The study uses a case study of Arabic stand-up comedies streamed on Netflix, including Live from Beirut by Adel Karam and Comedians of the World/ Middle East. The shows which are subtitled into English involve a variety of Arab comedians speaking different dialects, including the Levant dialect (Lebanese, Jordanian, and Palestinian) and Gulf dialects, particularly the Saudi dialect. While several studies were conducted to examine the translation of English humour into Arabic, very few explore the translation of Arabic humour into English, especially in the realm of audio-visual translation. Arabic and English are two different languages reflecting different norms and cultures and, therefore, many linguistic and cultural challenges are expected to arise in the process of translation between them. The study draws on Pederson’s (2005) strategies for translating cultural references and Díaz-Pérez’s (2013) strategies for translating wordplay and puns. The study identifies two types of humour used in the Arabic stand-up comedies, namely language-restricted jokes (wordplay, puns, language variation, and taboo language) and culture-restricted jokes which require knowledge about the concept or character being referred to. Several translation strategies were used by Netflix subtitlers to render these types of jokes into English, including paraphrasing, generalizing, specification, substitution, and omission.
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Kusumah, Surya Adi, and Silpia Rahayu. "THE INFLUENCE BETWEEN STUDENTS’ LANGUAGE POTENTIAL WITH THEIR OWN DIALECT." PROJECT (Professional Journal of English Education) 3, no. 6 (2020): 680. http://dx.doi.org/10.22460/project.v3i6.p680-688.
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This study was conducted to obtain information about dialect in student's potential whether it could be decided to speak fluently or not. Taken from one of institute which appear the idea to analyze the problem, the main instrument to collect the data was questionnaire and transform it to be narrative which aimed this research use qualitative method. From 4 dialects were used by the students namely Bataknese, Minangnese, Javanese and Sundanese which they use when speaking, especially the dialect’s intonation usage within English speaking. This will be impact on the learning method that might be constant rather than variable within English intonation usage. The questionnaire result will prove about the problem that occur in amid of the classroom. Moreover, this research has been supported from more than 10 theories instead. It contains many different topics related dialect and student's potential in speaking. From finding, the researcher obtained the data that talking with person who have strong dialect was not such a big problem to understand what does the person mean. The result is not change the dialect the person used, the only thing is practice English intonation to be better and develop the person's language potential to adjust the language the person speaks. Keywords: Dialect, English intonation, Student’s Potential
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Vukolova, Kateryna. "USAGE OF LANGUAGE CORPUSES IN STUDYING WORD FORMATION OF MODERN AMERICAN ENGLISH DIALECTS." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 17(85) (2023): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2023-17(85)-10-13.
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The article deals with the principles of using the concepts of corpus linguistics in studying American English dialects. The origins of corpus linguistics of American English dialects are considered, and developments in corpus linguistics by W. Francis and G. Kuchera are investigated (Brown Corpus, 1964). The concept of «corpus linguistics» is defined, and some problematic aspects are described. The qualifications for using the corpus-linguistic approach in the study of dialect grammatical features of American English are defined. The grammatical differences between British and American English are outlined. "Spoken English" is defined as how the latter was dialectical in the United States. The American dialects and Standardized American English are distinguished. Attention is focused on comparative and legal developments in corpus linguistics of British and American English (Brown and Lancaster Corps). Discographic studies of spoken American (dialectical) are mentioned: Lancaster/IBM SEC and Corpus of Spoken American English. The peculiarities of using the International Corpus of English, which studies British and American English in philological and methodological unity, are outlined. The processes of expanding the language corpus of the American English language from 1990 till the present (through the prism of statistics from The Bank of English) are determined. The main methodological developments in the systematization of the corpus of American English from the point of view of the theory of Corpus Linguistics are indicated: software corpus; problem-parametric industry selections; text transcription; search and system work; description encoding of "preserved" dialect words and word formations.
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Saito, Arifumi. "Correlation Between Japanese EFL Learners’ Attitudes Toward L1 Dialects and Japanese English." International Journal of Linguistics 15, no. 1 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v15i1.20691.
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This study explores how Japanese EFL learners’ mindset toward their own regional dialect in Japanese (L1) influences their attitudes toward Japanese English, a recognized variety of English from the viewpoint of “English as an International Language” (EIL). We aim to examine whether Japanese learners’ attitudes toward the L1 dialects they speak can be a criterion to judge who can accept and practice Japanese English positively. Fourteen Japanese college students were divided into two groups–Western and Northeastern Japan–based on the widely held idea that the Western dialect is popular a variety in Japan while the Northeastern dialect is less popular. Students participated in a survey about their dialects, read two articles about English varieties, and wrote about their ideas on Japanese English. The results show that all the students from Western Japan (7) were favorable about their Japanese dialects, and five showed positive attitudes toward Japanese English. In the Northeastern Japan group, more than half of the students showed negative mindsets toward their own Japanese dialects. The overall tendency was that those who answered favorably about their dialects showed positive attitudes toward Japanese English while those who were negative about their L1 dialect also showed negative attitudes toward Japanese English. The results suggest that Japanese EFL learners’ attitudes toward their L1 regional dialect and Japanese English are correlated. The findings can be a benchmark to predict who would agree or disagree with the idea of EIL and help us decide what approaches to take to introduce the concept.
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Nizomova, Mokhinur B. "NARROW AND BROAD INTERPRETATION OF THE CONTACT CONCEPT OF "PEDAGOGICAL LANGUAGE" IN THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT OF TERMS RELATED TO PEDAGOGY IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 05, no. 05 (2023): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume05issue05-17.
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"Pedagogical language contact" as the main concept of sociolinguistics has a narrow and broad interpretation. When the term pedagogical language contact is read in a broad sense, the function of a means of communication is performed not only by two independent languages, but also by two dialects within the same language. That is, the speaker-addressee and the listener-addressees are persons belonging to different dialects of the national language. In addition, the pedagogical communication of the pedagogue through literary language or a dialect related to this pedagogical language is also an example of pedagogical language contact in a broad sense.
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Markus, Manfred. "Joseph Wright’s sources in the English Dialect Dictionary: evidence of spoken English from EDD Online." Dialectologia et Geolinguistica 29, no. 1 (2021): 77–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2021-0005.
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Abstract Linguists of historical English, of traditional dialects and present-day varieties of English, generally rely on written texts, now often available in the form of corpora. However, the historical development of English, including its regional dialects, was naturally rooted in the spoken vernacular, rather than the literary standard. This paper, based on EDD Online (3.0), therefore, argues that the wealth of sources as used by Wright in his comprehensive English Dialect Dictionary (EDD) should no longer be disregarded, given that no better information is available. After a critical assessment of the widespread scepticism towards the EDD sources and of the different motivation of scholars not primarily concerned with traditional dialects (such as OED lexicographers), the paper first provides a survey of the different types of sources used by the EDD and presented in different lists and tables in EDD Online, and then focuses on the unpublished sources. The subsequent section shows that part of the problem of spoken sources results from the unjustified insistence of many scholars on phonetics to be the level of linguistic interest. In answer to the OED’s scepticism towards Wright’s sources as expressed in a paper by Durkin (2010a), the final section provides an analysis of Northamptonshire dialect words as a test case, with various linguistic issues beyond the OED’s focus on the temporal frame of reference.
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Yi, Wang. "The Influence of Shandong dialect on English learning." Communications in Humanities Research 10, no. 1 (2023): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/10/20231262.
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Phonologythe material shell of languagehas its own peculiarities because language structures and realizations vary. Behaviorist phonological theory implies that prior phonological patterns interfere with second-language communication. Learners inadvertently transfer their native language pronunciation to foreign language acquisition. The transfer is a psychological phrase that used to refer primarily to the influence of former learning on subsequent learning but now refers to the influence of one type of learning on another. Positive and negative transfers exist. English is Indo-European, while Chinese is Sino-Tibetan. distinct language families mean distinct phonological intonation systems and pronunciation patterns, therefore negative transfer of phonological learning is inevitable. Chinese students learn various dialects, each with its own system, and these dialects deeply affect English phonological intonation learning. This paper examines the transfer effect of the Shandong dialect on English phonology and the negative transfer of dialects to English intonation learning. The phonological system differs in terms of consonant parts and pronunciation methods, and the intonation system differs in tone, intonation, stress, and rhythm.
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Hamouda, Musa Alamin. "Phonological Contrast Between English Language and Baggara Arabs dialect." Journal of English Teaching, Applied Linguistics and Literatures (JETALL) 6, no. 1 (2023): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jetall.v6i1.14478.
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Abstract:- This study investigates the similarities and differences between Baggara Arabs dialect and English language phonological systems. It aims at preparing a scale for the difficulties of English pronunciation that face Baggara Arabs students, as well as enabling Baggara Arabs learners of English Language to pronounce English sounds or phonemes and words accurately. It uses the semi-experimental approach . In addition pre and post-tests are used as tools for gathering data. 30 secondary school students were chosen as a reasonable sample to represent the secondary school students at Elddein locality in East Dar Fur State. The study comes out with many results: The phonological rules of English facilitates Baggara students to speak and pronounce English fluently. The phonological system of English is different from Baggras dialect and that they undergo some difficulties. The recommendations of the study are listed as: The researchers should get benefit from this study in contrastive analysis in other dialects to establish inter-lingual identifications between the L1 and the L2. They should also get benefit from the prediction of learning problems that they face while learning English language (Phonology an Phonetics). This study can also be used as a reference study to accomplish more and deep studies on other tribal dialects in Sudan.
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Naiditch, Larissa. "Palatal consonants in the Mennonite dialect Plautdietch in the light of the development typology of the Ingvaeonic consonantism." Scandinavian Philology 20, no. 2 (2022): 245–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu21.2022.202.
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The paper deals with the system of palatal consonants: /t’/, /d’/, /n’/ in Low German, Prussian dialects of the Mennonites. This dialect was used in the “language islands” of the Ukraine and of several other regions of the Russian state and is today common in the Mennonite communities all around the world: Canada, USA, South America, Germany, Siberia and the Altai region. The research is based on the recent records of these dialects as well as on the data from the dialectal archive of Viktor Schirmunski (Žirmunskij) in St Petersburg. The rendering of the palatal consonants in the questionnaires in this archive by the dialect speakers in 1920s is examined. The palatalization of consonants in Plautdietch is considered from the background of the palatalizations and assibilations in the Ingvaeonic branch of West Germanic languages. It is emphasized that the palatalization is one of the characteristic phenomena of the Ingvaeonic languages, which can manifest itself in different periods of their history. Thus the development of the palatal consonants can be considered in the framework of genetically related languages’ typology. It is known that the palatalization of [k] and [g] occurred in Old English before and after front vowels. In Frisian, palatalization was followed by assibilation. In Dutch, palatalization is observed in the diminutive suffix. Palatalization in a number of Low German dialects occurred as well and was followed by zetacism. Thus the palatalizaion reflects internal trends in the development of the dialects of some West Germanic languages, namely those of the Ingvaeonic group. It is probably an intermediate stage preceding assibilation and affrication of consonants. In some cases it remains in the modern language in its initial state, as is the case in the Mennonite dialect of the Plautdietch.
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Li, Wang,. "The Dialect Features and Distinguish Approach of Scottish English (Note 1)." World Journal of Education and Humanities 3, no. 3 (2021): p45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjeh.v3n3p45.
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If standard official language is a glass of water, the dialect is like soup with a flavor of your hometown. The locals in Scotland pride themselves on speaking English with a Scottish accent, but its obscurity always leaves us at a loss. In order to understand Scottish English dialects better, this article first briefly analyzes the language classification in Scotland. Then, using empirical research methods, interviews with the 10 most representative speakers of Scottish English dialects are selected from the eight regions of Scotland. The audio is used as a research corpus. The corpus is 49 minutes and 17 seconds long, with a total number of 9293 words. It focuses on the analysis of the accent, vocabulary, and grammatical structure of the Scottish English dialect. Finally, suggestions are made on Scottish English listening and discerning ability training.
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Rivière, Andrew M., Janna B. Oetting, and Joseph Roy. "Effects of Specific Language Impairment on a Contrastive Dialect Structure: The Case of Infinitival TO Across Various Nonmainstream Dialects of English." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 61, no. 8 (2018): 1989–2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_jslhr-l-17-0209.
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Purpose Using data from children who spoke various nonmainstream dialects of English and who were classified as either children with specific language impairment (SLI) or typically developing (TD) children, we examined children's marking of infinitival TO by their dialect and clinical status. Method The data came from 180 kindergartners (91 speakers of African American English, 60 speakers of Southern White English, 29 speakers of +Cajun); 53 were children with SLI, and 127 were TD children. Data included 4,537 infinitival TO contexts extracted from language samples; each was coded as zero or overtly marked and by preceding verb context (i.e., verbs of motion vs. other). Results Across dialects, overall rates of zero marking differed by the children's clinical status (SLI > TD), and other verb contexts accounted for this result. Across the TD and SLI groups, dialect variation was evident for verbs of motion contexts, and the effect was stronger for the TD than for the SLI groups, particularly if the TD children's dialects were classified as +Cajun. Conclusion Children's marking of infinitival TO can be affected by both their dialect and clinical status. Results support language assessments that include context-specific rate-based measures of infinitival TO and other contrastive structures when they prove useful for understanding the linguistic profile of SLI within a dialect.
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Oder, Austin L., Cynthia G. Clopper, and Sarah Hargus Ferguson. "Effects of dialect on vowel acoustics and intelligibility." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 43, no. 1 (2013): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100312000333.
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A great deal of recent research has focused on phonetic variation among American English vowels from different dialects. This body of research continues to grow as vowels continuously undergo diachronic formant changes that become characteristic of certain dialects. Two experiments using the Nationwide Speech Project corpus (Clopper & Pisoni 2006a) explored whether the Midland dialect is more closely related acoustically and perceptually to the Mid-Atlantic or to the Southern dialect. The goal of this study was to further our understanding of acoustic and perceptual differences between two of the most marked dialects (Mid-Atlantic and Southern) and one of the least marked dialects (Midland) of American English. Ten vowels in /hVd/ context produced by one male talker from each of these three dialects were acoustically analyzed and presented to Midland listeners for identification. The listeners showed the greatest vowel identification accuracy for the Mid-Atlantic talker (95.2%), followed by the Midland talker (92.5%), and finally the Southern talker (79.7%). Vowel error patterns were consistent with vowel acoustic differences between the talkers. The results suggest that, acoustically and perceptually, the Midland and Mid-Atlantic dialects are more similar than are the Midland and Southern dialects.
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SCHREIER, DANIEL, and PETER TRUDGILL. "The segmental phonology of nineteenth-century Tristan da Cunha English: convergence and local innovation." English Language and Linguistics 10, no. 1 (2006): 119–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136067430600181x.
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This article looks into convergence processes that involve distinct phonological systems in dialect contact situations, exemplified by the variety of English that developed on Tristan da Cunha, an island in the South Atlantic Ocean. Based on a discussion of the community's social history and an auditory analysis of the segmental phonology of late nineteenth-century Tristan da Cunha English, this article reconstructs the early contact scenario and looks into both phonological convergence and independent innovative mechanisms that accompany new-dialect formation. The data presented here show that dialect contact gives rise to mixing of several inputs (so that ‘new’ dialects draw features from several ancestral varieties), that the interaction of transplanted dialects may also trigger independent, variety-specific mechanisms, and that the interplay of feature retention, input mixing, and local innovation lead to distinctive and (on occasion) endemic varieties of English.
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Omran, Thuraya, Baraa Sharef, Crina Grosan, and Yongmin Li. "Sentiment Analysis of Multilingual Dataset of Bahraini Dialects, Arabic, and English." Data 8, no. 4 (2023): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data8040068.
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Sentiment analysis is an application of natural language processing (NLP) that requires a machine learning algorithm and a dataset. In some cases, the dataset availability is scarce, particularly with Arabic dialects, precisely the Bahraini ones, which necessitates using an approach such as translation, where a rich source language is exploited to create the target language dataset. In this study, a dataset of Amazon product reviews in Bahraini dialects is presented. This dataset was generated using two cascading stages of translation—a machine translation followed by a manual one. Machine translation was applied using Google Translate to translate English Amazon product reviews into Standard Arabic. In contrast, the manual approach was applied to translate the resulting Arabic reviews into Bahraini ones by qualified native speakers utilizing constructed customized forms. The resulting parallel dataset of English, Standard Arabic, and Bahraini dialects is called English_Modern Standard Arabic_Bahraini Dialects product reviews for sentiment analysis “E_MSA_BDs-PR-SA”. The dataset is balanced, composed of 2500 positive and 2500 negative reviews. The sentiment analysis process was implemented using a stacked LSTM deep learning model. The Bahraini dialect product dataset can be utilized in the transfer learning process for sentimentally analyzing another dataset in Bahraini dialects.
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Cooley, Marianne. "Emerging Standard and Subdialectal Variation in Early American English." Diachronica 9, no. 2 (1992): 167–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.9.2.02coo.
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SUMMARY In spite of later clearly delineated American dialects, many visitors as well as inhabitants in colonial and early federal America commented upon the uniformity of American English, although others pointed out differences. Taken together, the usual evidence sources such as orthoepistic and grammatical description, naive spellings, contemporary journalistic commentary, or literary dialect representation provide indecisive evidence. However, a principle of perceptual recognition of language variation in relation to both an external standard (British English) and a developing internal standard (American English) may account for the uniformity comments while diversity simultaneously existed. RÉSUMÉ Malgré l'existence d'un certain nombre de dialectes déjà bien délimités, de nombreux voyageurs et habitants d'Amérique coloniale remarquèrent et commentèrent sur l'uniformité de l'anglais américain, alors que d'autres relevèrent des différences significatives. En gros, les documents habituels, tels que les descriptions orthopéistes et grammaticales, les orthographes naïves, les commentaires journalistiques de l'époque et les dialectales littéraires offrent des témoignages contradictoires. Toutefois une perception de la variation linguistique par rapport à un standard externe (l'anglais britannique) et un standard interne (l'anglais américain) peut expliquer l'uniformité des commentaires en regard d'une diversité persistante. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Trotz deutlich erkennbarer amerikanischer Dialekte, sprachen viele Besu-cher sowie die Einwohner des kolonialen und frühen foderativen Amerika von der Ausgewogenheit des amerikanischen Englisch, während andere auf Unter-schiede hinwiesen. Insgesamt gesehen, bieten die ublichen Beweisquellen wie orthoepische Schriften, grammatische Abhandlungen, phonetische Schreibun-gen, zeitgenössische journalistische Kommentare und literarische Dialekte, kei-ne entsprechenden Unterlagen. Ein Prinzip etwa der 'auffassungsfähigen Er-kennung' von Sprachvariationen im Verhältnis zu einem 'externen Standard' (i.e., dem britischen Englisch) und einem sich in der Entwicklung befindenden 'internen Standard' (dem amerikanischen Englisch) dürfte jedoch die Einfor-migkeit der Kommentare und Beobachtungen erklären, trotz der dialektalen Unterschiede, die zur damaligen Zeit wohl existierten.
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MCDONALD, JANET L., CHRISTY M. SEIDEL, REBECCA HAMMARLUND, and JANNA B. OETTING. "Working memory performance in children with and without specific language impairment in two nonmainstream dialects of English." Applied Psycholinguistics 39, no. 1 (2017): 145–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716417000509.
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ABSTRACTUsing speakers of either African American English or Southern White English, we asked whether a working memory measure was linguistically unbiased, that is, equally able to distinguish between children with and without specific language impairment (SLI) across dialects, with similar error profiles and similar correlations to standardized test scores. We also examined whether the measure was affected by a child's nonmainstream dialect density. Fifty-three kindergarteners with SLI and 53 typically developing controls (70 African American English, 36 Southern White English) were given a size judgment working memory task, which involved reordering items by physical size before recall, as well as tests of syntax, vocabulary, intelligence, and nonmainstream density. Across dialects, children with SLI earned significantly poorer span scores than controls, and made more nonlist errors. Span and standardized language test performance were correlated; however, they were also both correlated with nonmainstream density. After partialing out density, span continued to differentiate the groups and correlate with syntax measures in both dialects. Thus, working memory performance can distinguish between children with and without SLI and is equally related to syntactic abilities across dialects. However, the correlation between span and nonmainstream dialect density indicates that processing-based verbal working memory tasks may not be as free from linguistic bias as often thought. Additional studies are needed to further explore this relationship.
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Shahnoza Alimova, Zarifboy Dosimov,. "THE VOCABULARY LAYER OF THE KHOREZM KIPCHAK DIALECT." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (2021): 4989–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.1720.
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This article provides detailed information about the peculiarities of Khorezm kipchak dialects of the Uzbek language. For instance, the phonetic, lexical and grammatical features of lexis in the under research dialect are highlighted basing on the examples. The given examples are compared with the options in other dialects. In this article dialect words are given in Cyrillic letters while the literary language forms of words are given Uzbek alphabet in Latin letters, in order to avoid confusion in pronunciation with English sounds of these letters. 
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Stalker, James C. "DIALECTS OF ENGLISH." World Englishes 14, no. 3 (1995): 413–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-971x.1995.tb00086.x.
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Liu, Binmei. "Social class, language attitudes, and language use." Chinese Language and Discourse 11, no. 1 (2020): 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cld.19002.liu.
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Abstract Few previous studies have examined the impact of social class on language attitudes and language use in mainland China. A total of 215 questionnaires were collected from a university in China for this study. The participants were classified into four social classes: upper middle class, middle middle class, lower middle class, and lower class. Then an individual interview was conducted with 10 students. Findings show that the students from the upper middle class had significantly lower attitudes toward local dialects and they had the lowest percentage of current use of dialect at home. The study adds evidence to findings of previous studies that local dialects might face certain danger of maintenance. It also shows that this change would start from people from the upper middle class. The study also points out a possible future tendency that social class privilege will play a more significant role in English learning and education.
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Szmrecsanyi, Benedikt. "Corpus-based dialectometry: a methodological sketch." Corpora 6, no. 1 (2011): 45–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cor.2011.0004.
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In this paper, I introduce methodologies to tap corpora for exploring aggregate linguistic distances between dialects or varieties as a function of properties of geographic space. The paper describes the different steps necessary to obtain an appropriate corpus-based dataset (a so-called ‘distance matrix’), and subsequently discusses several cartographic visualisation techniques – network maps, continuum maps and cluster maps – to project aggregate linguistic relationships to geography. In addition, the paper sketches some statistical methods to quantify these relationships. By way of example, a case study draws on the Freiburg Corpus of English Dialects – a major dialect corpus in which more than thirty traditional dialects of English from all over Great Britain are sampled. With a focus on regional variation in morphosyntax and on the basis of text frequencies of several dozen features, the study probes joint linguistic variability between the dialects sampled in the corpus.
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Ge, Shuanglin, Qiaozhen Wu, and Xiangyu Wang. "Examining /l/ variation in Singaporean bilingual child-directed speech for sociophonetic insights." Forum for Linguistic Studies 6, no. 2 (2024): 1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.59400/fls.v6i2.1165.
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Language is integrated into multiple dimensions of human behavior, and social work is essentially a language-centered activity. Although language plays a key role in many social work activities, few studies have explored its significance from the perspective of differences. This paper introduces the process of language conceptualization in social work and points out the limitations of some existing conceptual perspectives in the multilingual context in which language and social work are viewed. In English language variation, language variation mainly includes dialect, stress, register and variation. Dialects are the starting point of the study of language variation, so this paper takes dialects as a representative to study this field. First, the definition of language variation and its related factors are introduced and discussed, and how to define and study language variation is further discussed. Second, dialects are taken as a representative area to delve deeper into language variation. The different types and features of dialects are analyzed. Finally, the influence of dialects and language variation on education, society and other aspects is reviewed, highlighting some of the important effects observed in previous research.
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Nevitt, Drew. "Language contact in Shetland Scots and Southern Irish English." English Today 31, no. 1 (2015): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078414000534.
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English is a product of contact with other languages (Hickey, 2010a). This essay explains the major effects of language contact on the languages or dialects involved, using examples from Shetland Scots, which has been influenced by contact with Norn, and from Southern Irish English (S.I.E.), which has been influenced by contact with Irish Gaelic. The focus is on the borrowing of lexical items between Norn and Shetland Scots and of grammatical features between Irish Gaelic and S.I.E. The essay begins with a brief overview of language contact in general and then give examples of the effects of contact from each dialect. Throughout the essay the claim is made that language contact is an ongoing and fluid process and that the examples given merely illustrate the effects of contact necessitated by the particular situation in question, not universal effects of language contact.
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Williams, Jeffrey P. "The Development of Aspectual Markers in Anglo-Caribbean English." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 3, no. 2 (1988): 245–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.3.2.06wil.
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The English dialects spoken by the scattered white minority in the Caribbean are important in that they provide linguistic clues to the nature of the Anglophone component in the development of the Caribbean Anglophone Creoles. The British dialect sources for aspectual markers in Anglo-Caribbean English are discussed in the light of the dialect contact and mixing that was the sociolinguistic product of English colonization. Koineization in the development of Anglo-Caribbean English is argued for, with suggestions for further research involving Anglo-Caribbean English and the Caribbean Anglophone Creoles.
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Allen, Cynthia L. "Genitives and the creolization question." English Language and Linguistics 2, no. 1 (1998): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674300000721.
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In a recent squib published in this journal, Juhani Klemola notes that there is ample and well-documented evidence for the loss of the genitive inflection in twentieth-century Northern dialect data as well as in early Modern English and Middle English documents representing Northern dialects.
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Desiyana, Arta, Sudirman Maca, and Andi Tenri Abeng. "Scouse Dialect in English and Tabulahan Dialect in Mamuju Language: A Dialectology Study." Humaniora: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Education 2, no. 1 (2022): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.56326/jlle.v2i1.1451.
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This research aims to look at language variations that occur phonologically and lexically in the Scouse dialect or Liverpool English in English and Tabulahan dialect in Mamuju language. Sources of the data for the Tabulahan dialect and Mamuju language were obtained directly from the informants as native speakers of the Tabulahan and Mamuju languages. Meanwhile, the Scouse dialect and English data as a comparison were obtained from previous research conducted by Honeybone (2007) and Baranova (2015). The writer used a qualitative method through a dialectological approach and contrastive analysis. The results of this study show that there are similarities and differences. Phonologically, similarities occur in the features of Vocal Change and Lenition. The difference occurs in the features of the TH-stopping and the category of Rhotic and non-Rhotic which the Tabulahan Dialect does not have this feature but is found in the Scouse Dialect in English. Lexically, both dialects have variations in word classes such as nouns, verbs, adverbs, and adjectives. While the differences occur in other word class variations such as pronouns, prepositions, determinants, conjunctions, numbers and question words which are only found in the Tabuhanan dialect.
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Nisioi, Sergiu, Ana Sabina Uban, and Liviu P. Dinu. "Identifying Source-Language Dialects in Translation." Mathematics 10, no. 9 (2022): 1431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10091431.
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In this paper, we aim to explore the degree to which translated texts preserve linguistic features of dialectal varieties. We release a dataset of augmented annotations to the Proceedings of the European Parliament that cover dialectal speaker information, and we analyze different classes of written English covering native varieties from the British Isles. Our analyses aim to discuss the discriminatory features between the different classes and to reveal words whose usage differs between varieties of the same language. We perform classification experiments and show that automatically distinguishing between the dialectal varieties is possible with high accuracy, even after translation, and propose a new explainability method based on embedding alignments in order to reveal specific differences between dialects at the level of the vocabulary.
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Lee, Cher Leng. "Filling gaps or code choice? Code-switching across generations in colloquial Singapore Mandarin." Global Chinese 5, no. 1 (2019): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/glochi-2019-0001.
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AbstractSingapore is a multiracial, multicultural island nation; three quarters of its population is ethnic Chinese. This paper examines the phenomenon of code-switching between the younger generation and their parents, and grandparents, focusing on the English, Chinese dialect and Malay elements present in this variety of spoken Mandarin. The data is taken from university students who have recorded their conversations with their parents, grandparents, siblings and friends. Many of the older generation in their 70s still speak southern Chinese dialects such as Hokkien, Teochew, Cantonese, Hakka, and Hainanese as well as Bazaar Malay (which was a lingua franca with Hokkien). Their spoken Mandarin consists of code-switching with these dialects. The middle generation in their 50s is the generation that is able to communicate both with the older generation and younger generation in the various languages. Their spoken Mandarin consists of English, dialects, and even some Malay. The younger generation in their 20s can hardly understand or speak these dialects as a result of the Speak Mandarin Campaign which was launched in 1979 to replace all dialects with Mandarin. As such, the younger generation’s spoken Mandarin consists mainly of English code-switched elements. This paper argues that code-switching takes place mainly due to convenience to fill in the gaps when younger speakers do not know the Mandarin equivalent of the words in certain domains, given the changes in language policies in the nation. In this case, it is not necessarily a choice of code but rather filling the gaps with the language that they know out of necessity.
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Persley, Nicole Hodges. "An innovative IDEA: a review of the International Dialects of English Archive." English Today 29, no. 3 (2013): 63–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078413000229.
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The IDEA (International Dialects of English Archive) site has been on-line since 1997 and began as a resource developed to teach actors how to pronounce various accents and dialects of English. Created by theater scholar and dialect coach Paul Meier, the new site has expanded its already fantastic variety of information. The site's new navigation features include a searchable database and a global map that make it very accessible to specialists and non–specialists of English. Performers around the world (the site has over one million hits a year) use the site to research accents and dialects for English-speaking performances. IDEA's audience has expanded beyond theater professionals to users in academe in the social sciences and humanities as well as international business. The site is also relevant for anyone who has an interest in the ways that location and culture influence the spoken English language.
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McGowan, Rebecca W., and Andrea G. Levitt. "A Comparison of Rhythm in English Dialects and Music." Music Perception 28, no. 3 (2011): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2011.28.3.307.
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Informal Observations have Often been Made That a country's language is reflected in its instrumental music. Limited research exists studying similarities between the rhythmic characteristics of French music and language on the one hand and British music and language on the other. Our research compares the rhythmic characteristics of the music and English dialects of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, County Donegal in Ireland, and the state of Kentucky, examining spontaneous speech and unscored musical recordings from the same people. We found that rhythmic characteristics are correlated in the speech and music in each dialect area.
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Elvin, Jaydene, Alba Tuninetti, and Paola Escudero. "Non-Native Dialect Matters: The Perception of European and Brazilian Portuguese Vowels by Californian English Monolinguals and Spanish–English Bilinguals." Languages 3, no. 3 (2018): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages3030037.
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Studies show that second language (L2) learners’ perceptual patterns differ depending on their native dialect (e.g., Chládková and Podlipský 2011; Escudero and Williams 2012). Likewise, speakers from the same native language background show different perceptual patterns depending on the dialect to which they are exposed (e.g., Escudero and Boersma 2004; Escudero and Chládková 2010). The Second Language Linguistic Perception model (L2LP; Escudero 2005) accounts for these differences, explicitly stating that the acoustic similarity between the native and target dialect affects L2 perception. This study investigated whether Californian English monolingual and Spanish–English bilingual listeners differ in their perception of European Portuguese (EP) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP) vowels. Escudero et al. (2009a) showed that there were differences in the acoustic realization of vowels in BP and EP. Stressed vowels were longer in BP than in EP, with differences in vowel height observed for some vowels (e.g., /ɛ/ is higher in EP than in BP). According to the L2LP model, these acoustic differences between dialects will affect vowel perception; therefore, we predicted that there would be differences in the listeners’ perception of certain vowel contrasts in BP and EP. Participants completed a non-native categorization task and a discrimination task presented in the XAB format. The results from the non-native categorization task predicted differential vowel perception depending on both the dialect and vowel contrast that listeners heard, which were mostly confirmed with an interaction between dialect and contrast in the discrimination results. We contextualize these results with respect to models of L2 speech perception, highlighting that dialectal differences impact language perception and may influence later language learning.
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Liu, Beilei. "Study on the transfer effect of Wu dialect on the acquisition of English vowels by primary school students and countermeasures." Communications in Humanities Research 10, no. 1 (2023): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/10/20231286.
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Second-language learners tend to confuse English with the dialect they used when learning English. This leads to difficulties for second language learners in the Wu dialect area when learning English. So the purpose of this paper is to compare the differences in English vowel pronunciation between Shanghai dialect speakers and Received Pronunciation English speakers, and to summarize the errors and causes of the errors in English vowel pronunciation of second language learners experience an offset in tongue position. Secondly, Shanghai dialect speakers speak English for a longer period of time than the standard pronunciation. Thirdly, there is an error in the degree of opening of Shanghai dialect speakers compared to the Received Pronunciation pronouncers. Eventually, Shanghai dialect speakers confuse monophthongs with diphthongs. In response to the above issues, the following countermeasures are proposed from both students and teachers. It is hoped that it will provide an experimental model and pedagogical reference for the transfer effects and countermeasures of other local dialects in Wu Di on the acquisition of English vowels by primary school students.
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KLEMOLA, JUHANI. "Traces of historical infinitive in English dialects and their Celtic connections." English Language and Linguistics 13, no. 2 (2009): 295–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674309003037.
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A number of nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century dialect descriptions refer to an unusual adverb + infinitive construction in southwestern and west Midlands dialects of English. The construction is most often reported in the form of a formulaic phrase away to go, meaning ‘away he went’, though it is also found with a range of other adverbs. In addition, the same dialects also make use of a possibly related imperative construction, consisting of a preposition or adverb and a to-infinitive, as in out to come! ‘Come out!’ and a negative imperative construction consisting of the negator not and the base form of the verb, as in Not put no sugar in!. These construction types appear to be marginal at best in earlier varieties of English, whereas comparable constructions with the verbal noun are a well-established feature of especially British Celtic languages (i.e. Welsh, Breton, and Cornish). In this article I argue that transfer from the British Celtic languages offers a possible explanation for the use of these constructions in the traditional southwestern and west Midlands dialects of English.
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Ting, Su-Hie, and Su-Lin Ting. "The Foochow Chinese: moving towards a pan-Chinese identity anchored to Mandarin." Global Chinese 7, no. 1 (2021): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/glochi-2021-0001.
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Abstract The study investigated the use of Mandarin and Chinese dialects, and attitudes towards these languages among the Foochow living in Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia. The study involved 408 Foochow respondents (204 children, 204 parents). As most of the respondents’ close friends, neighbours and colleagues were Foochow, and Chinese in general, Foochow and Mandarin were the two main languages used, but English, Malay and Iban were sometimes used with people from other ethnic groups. More parents felt at ease speaking Foochow in all situations but more children felt that it is nothing special to speak their dialect. The most cherished and emotionally expressive language for the parents was Foochow but for their children, it was Mandarin. More parents were aware of cultural associations and activities than their children. They believed that the use of Chinese dialects will decrease in future and intergenerational transmission of the dialect is important. Yet they were still looking to cultural associations and the government to promote their culture and dialect. The study indicated that the markers for membership of their Chinese dialect group are ancestry, language, living among people from the same dialect group, cultural practices and religion.
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Metsmägi, Iris, and Vilja Oja. "Estonian words for ‘field’ in historical dictionaries." Lexicographica 37, no. 1 (2021): 137–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lex-2021-0008.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The article gives an overview of Estonian landscape terms meaning ‘field’ in historical dictionaries. The main equivalents for English field in Estonian are põld, nurm and väli. Neither in standard Estonian nor in the dialects, these three words are full synonyms. In the historical dictionaries, the Estonian words occur first in the 17th century as translations of German Acker, Feld and Ackerfeld. Later, for example in the Estonian-German dictionary, published in 1869, their meanings are more precisely defined. The semantic relations of the words in dialect speech and their interpretation in the historical dictionaries will be analysed. The three words are used in all Finnic languages. Comparing the words with dialect and cognate language data, their semantic differences and distribution in dialects will be introduced.