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Passoni, Taisa Pinetti. "Language Without Borders (English) Program: A Study on English Language Ideologies." Revista Brasileira de Linguística Aplicada 19, no. 2 (June 2019): 329–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1984-6398201913661.
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ABSTRACT This paper presents the synthesis of a study on the English language ideologies (ELI) underlying the Federal Program entitled “Languages without Borders-English” (LwBE). The investigation draws on texts from the legal, educational, and journalistic spheres about the enactment of the Program. Using NVivo 11 software, these texts were stored and categorized in the light of the Policy Cycle Approach and Critical Discourse Analysis. The overlapping of six ELI - standard language, English language as a commodity, native-speakerism, instrumentalist, global language and linguistic imperialism - is conceived as a common trait of LwBE in discourses, displaying tensions between the ratification and the questioning of English hegemony in the language policy engendered by the Program, within the context of the internationalization of Brazilian higher education.
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Toth, Jeanette. "English first." Journal of Immersion and Content-Based Language Education 5, no. 2 (November 6, 2017): 214–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jicb.5.2.03tot.
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This case study explores the questions of how national and local education policies address languages of instruction for a Swedish compulsory school offering English-medium instruction (hereafter EMI) as well as how these policies are interpreted and implemented in practice. Critical discourse analysis provides a framework for examining the relationship between stated and enacted policies at the various institutional levels. Methods from linguistic ethnography yielded rich data including classroom observations, interviews, and artifact collection over a period of three school years in grades four through six. Findings from the study reveal discourses of language hierarchies, a native speaker ideal privileging English and practices that reflect varying degrees of language separation. While Swedish is occasionally used to support English-medium content learning, there is little space for students’ mother tongues in the mainstream classroom. The findings from this study have implications for how stakeholders may put language-in-education policies into practice in EMI programs.
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Šinkūnienė, Jolanta. "Reformulation markers in academic discourse." Jezikoslovlje 20, no. 3 (December 30, 2019): 531–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.29162/jez.2019.19.
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Using quantitative and qualitative approaches alongside contrastive analysis, this paper investigates distribution frequency and functions of reformulation markers employed in academic discourse in two languages (English and Lithuanian) and three science fields (humanities, medicine, technology). The English language data is taken from the academic language sub-corpus of the Corpus of Contemporary American English, while the Lithuanian language data comes from the Corpus Academicum Lithuanicum, a specialised synchronic corpus of written academic Lithuanian. The results show that it is the humanities scholars who employ reformulation markers most frequently in both languages. They also employ a wider range of reformulation markers and use them in more diverse ways than scholars in the hard fields. The most frequent function of reformulation markers irrespective of language and science field is the interpretation of explicit content. The analysis highlights the importance of the discipline and genre in the distribution and use of reformulation markers.
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Eoyang, Eugene C. "Teaching English as Culture: Paradigm Shifts in Postcolonial Discourse." Diogenes 50, no. 2 (May 2003): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0392192103050002001.
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The teaching of an `imperialist' language like English in a postcolonial era presents not only unprecedented difficulties to the teacher, it also raises disconcerting questions about the paradigms underlying the concepts of language, language teaching, and culture. This new perspective makes inadequate, on the one hand, the pedalinguistic categories of EFL (English as a Foreign Language) and ESL (English as a Second Language), and, on the other, the postcolonial critique in general of hegemonic languages. Another category needs to be recognized, to which the author gives the acronym TUE (Teaching Unbroken English). For the purposes of analysis, the author focuses on his experience teaching English in Hong Kong before and after 1997, during the end of the colonial and the beginning of the postcolonial era.
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Tahir, Rawshan Ibrahim, and Ambigapathy Pandian. "A comparative Analysis of apology Speech acts between American English and Iraqi Kurdish." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 4, no. 7 (July 12, 2016): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v4i7.1528.
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The present study is a comparative analysis of apology speech acts in both native speakers of Kurdish and native speakers of American English. It aims at finding out the similarities and differences in the strategies used to apologize in both languages. Therefore, a Discourse completion Task (DCT) questionnaire consisted of 15 situations was used to collect the data from 50 native speakers of English and 50 native speakers of Kurdish language. The findings revealed that both languages used similar five main strategies to apologize which confirm the universality of speech acts. However, the differences came out in the use of sub-strategies of an explicit expression of apology; native speakers of English used more an expression of regret strategy to perform an apology while native speakers of Kurdish used offer of an apology strategy more to apologize. Furthermore, the differences occurred in the frequency of strategies used to apologize in both languages. The study also revealed the occurrence of other new strategies in Kurdish Language that did not exist in English languag
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James, Allan R. "English as a visual language." English Text Construction 7, no. 1 (April 28, 2014): 18–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/etc.7.1.02jam.
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The present article develops a theoretical framework for the analysis of the semiotics of the English of mixed-language texts as are found worldwide in various domains of public and private communication. The social meaning of such anglography, it will be argued, must be interpreted as a result of the bi-modality (verbal and visual) of its material realisation. Drawing on a range of relevant contexts (e.g. ‘linguistic landscapes’, print advertising, print journalism and social communication via the digital media), the article proposes an integrated framework of analysis, incorporating and expanding tenets of both Systemic Functional Grammar and Critical Discourse Analysis, which shows that the employment of ‘English as a visual language’ directly enhances the social semiotic impact of such texts by mediating between them as linguistic products and social events. Close empirical analysis of representative texts (public signage, print ads and private e-communication) illustrates the proposed theory at work.
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Iffat Rahmatullah, Shadma. "Significance of Mother Tongue influence on Saudi Female EFL Learners: a Critical Discourse Analysis." Arab World English Journal, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 329–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/mec2.24.
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The speculation, that the Saudi EFL learners with less exposure to the target language exhibit more mother tongue influence on their second language speaking, is apparent. The phonetic similarity of two languages helps EFL learners to grasp the lexical accent with the accurate articulation of the words from the second language. However, the difference in sound patterns in various languages prompts the learners to mispronounce the words more frequently. This critical study endeavors to evaluate the influential aspects of the mother tongue on the EFL learners’ second language (L2) discourse. This research is carried out through a qualitative method for critical discourse analysis to answer the main question; what significant errors students make that reflect their mother tongue influence? For a comparative study, the participants are the Saudi undergraduates from multidimensional sections of female colleges in King Khalid University and the non-native English-speaking teachers from five different nations, who also manifest the influence of their mother tongue on English language speaking. Their recorded presentations and conversations were analyzed to identify the interference of their mother tongue on their English language performance. The language patterns of both students and the teachers eventually affect their English language efficiency. The significant outcome of this study reveals the possibility of the pros and cons of the mother tongue on L2 learning. The data also revealed that the inability of faculty members to produce the flawless accent of the English language has a significant effect on Saudi learners’ oral performance.
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Cordeiro, Cheryl Marie. "Language as heteroglot." Cross Cultural & Strategic Management 25, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 781–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-08-2017-0105.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reframe the role and function of perceived “bad English” in an international business (IB) context to illustrate that “bad English” could in fact facilitate cross-cultural communication in individuals who do not have English as first language. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the Bakhtinian concept of heteroglossia as a theoretical framework. For the method of analysis, applied linguistics is used in particular through the lens of systemic functional linguistics (SFL) as discourse analysis method to analyze transcribed interview texts. Data collection is via long interviews with 33 top level managers in Swedish managed organizations in Singapore offices. Findings The study illustrates, through respondent interviews and discourse analysis, that perceived “bad English” could help facilitate communication across cultures in a cross-cultural working context. The study also shows how different individuals, depending on personal experience and cultural background, employ different means to navigate and manage language differences at work. Research limitations/implications The findings confirm a Baktinian perspective of language as a heteroglot, where individual identities and understanding of context at work including work behavior are an amalgamation of collected experiences. While many individuals who do not have English as mother tongue might feel embarrassed by their poor English, this study shows that there are many Englishes existing in different working contexts. This study has a limited sample of respondents, pertaining to Swedish and Singaporean top managers in Swedish managed organizations in Singapore. Practical implications This study could be useful for multinational corporations that are interested in strategically managing their corporate language policies, taking into account cognitive differences or cultural identities in different offices worldwide. Social implications At a social level, Bakhtin’s language as a heteroglot brings to awareness that at any one time, while individuals are drawn to identify with their dominant (national) culture and language, in effect, with increased contact with other cultures in working environments, both language and cultural identities shift and evolve with the workplace. Originality/value This study contributes to the growing language in IB research. The novelty in this study is the employment of a Bakhtinian perspective and specifically the employment of SFL as a method of data analysis.
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Baker, Paul. "From gay language to normative discourse." Journal of Language and Sexuality 2, no. 2 (August 2, 2013): 179–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jls.2.2.01bak.
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A corpus of abstracts from the Lavender Languages and Linguistics Conference was subjected to a diachronic keywords analysis in order to identify concepts which had either stayed in constant focus or became more or less popular over time.1 Patterns of change in the abstracts corpus were compared against the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) in order to identify the extent that linguistic practices around language and sexuality were reflected in wider society. The analysis found that conference presenters had gradually begun to frame their analyses around queer theory and were using fewer sexual identity labels which were separating, collectivising and hierarchical in favour of more equalising and differentiating terminology. A number of differences between conference-goers’ language use and the language of general American English were identified and the paper ends with a critical discussion of the method used and the potential consequences of some of the findings.
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Zand-Moghadam, Amir, and Arya Golkhandan. "A Review of Discourse in English Language Education." Apples - Journal of Applied Language Studies 10, no. 1 (March 2, 2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/apples/urn.201603141841.
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The main theme of this volume is to discuss discourse analysis and familiarize the readers, especially undergraduate students of TESOL and Education, with the main topics in discourse studies. According to Flowerdew, one of the features of this book is its focus on a wide range of approaches to discourse and discourse analysis, namely Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) and Register, Speech Act Theory, the Cooperative Principle and Politeness, Conversation Analysis, Genre Analysis, Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), and Corpus Linguistics. However, what distinguishes this book from others books of discourse, and probably from other similar books on discourse and language teaching, is its practical view toward discourse and discourse analysis, i.e., it is clearly shown, by referring to real-life examples, how every discourse topic, issue, or feature can be analyzed and then taught in a language class. In fact, Floweredew’s attempt in this volume is to familiarize the readers with how discourse analysis can inform the practice of English language teaching. Thus, the book utilizes research findings and suggests guidelines, models, and approaches to language teachers as to how discourse studies can be insightful in language teaching methodology, materials development, and evaluation.
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Bellés-Fortuño, Begoña. "Evaluative language in medical discourse." Languages in Contrast 18, no. 2 (November 28, 2017): 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.15018.bel.
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Abstract Academic spoken discourse has been a dominant issue for discourse studies researchers for the last 25 years or so. Different spoken academic genres have been analysed (Swales, 1990, 2004; Berkenkotter and Huckin, 1995; Bhatia, 2001, 2002; Mauranen, 2001; Juzwik, 2004; Crawford-Camiciottoli, 2004, 2007; among others) thanks to the compilation and the easy access to electronic spoken corpora. This study focuses on the genre of lecture as “the central ritual of the culture of learning” (Benson, 1994) in higher education. Here, I analyse the use of evaluative language in medical discourse lectures. A contrastive study between Spanish and English medical lectures is carried out. To my knowledge, little attention has been paid to the analysis of evaluative language in medical discourse. The present study employs a quantitative and a qualitative approach to analyse four Spanish and English medical discourse lectures with an average of 35,000 words. The English lectures have been taken from the Michigan Corpus of Academic and Spoken English (MICASE) and the Spanish lectures have been recorded and transcribed in the Degree in Medicine course at a Spanish university for the purpose of this study. Corpus analysis tools have been used to analyse attitudinal language expressing explicit evaluation. The findings show similarities and also differences in the use of evaluative markers in academic medical discourse.
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Moyano, Estela Inés. "Theme in English and Spanish." English Text Construction 9, no. 1 (June 20, 2016): 190–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/etc.9.1.10moy.
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This article offers a comparative view of a Systemic Functional (SF) account of Theme in English and Spanish declarative clauses. It considers the lexicogrammatical realization of Theme in both languages and shows how Themes across the clauses construe the method of development of a phase of discourse in the respective languages, unmarked Themes scaffolding textual continuity and marked Themes scaffolding transitions between discourse phases. The paper reviews the concept of Theme in Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) and analyzes texts in both languages, taking into account a trinocular perspective (Matthiessen & Halliday 2009): from above, considering textual discourse functions related to the lexicogrammatical function of Theme; from roundabout, considering other textual functions in the clause as New; and from below, paying attention to the role that different ranks may play in the realization of the function under focus. In addition, the paper argues for a re-interpretation of previous SFL accounts of Spanish Theme, on the assumptions of SFL language typology. Based on the analysis of fragments of Research Articles, the paper shows how English and Spanish texts perform similar strategies to maintain the method of development of a text, through the interaction between lexical strings and reference chains with the function of Theme (Fries 1981; Martin 1992). It is shown, however, that the lexicogrammatical realization of unmarked Theme differs between these languages.
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Mischynska, I. V. "ENGLISH SOCIOLECT INVARIANTS IN MODERN UKRAINIAN SOCIETY." Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World, no. 66 (2) (2019): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-6397.2019.2.12.
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The article highlights the issue of English social dialect invariants in contemporary Ukrainian society. Language varieties used in society reflect regional, social and ethnic belonging of people who use them. There exists interconnection between a language and society. Nowadays development of democratic values in Ukraine requires to use English as a second official language and academic programs in educational establishments are directed to learning English as a main foreign language. Ukrainian society fasces the perspective of implementing English sociolect invariants in various spheres of social life. Peculiarities of a language situation in Ukraine are reflected in the article. A language situation involves the relations that develop between language formations in a society. These formations are determined by many factors, the main of which are different social statuses of society members. In modern Ukrainian society there exist a wide range of formations speaking more than one language, therefore the language situation in Ukraine is exoglossic. English terms, professional and sociolect invariants are implemented in various spheres of social life in everyday use of Ukrainian people as a result of growing number of language contacts. In philosophy invariant is determined as ‘an invariable’. Main spheres of English sociolect invariants application are defined in the article. Such types of discourse as media-discourse and business-discourse can be considered the types of dis- course that have acquired the biggest number of terms, professional words and other socially marked words in Ukrainian society. Тhese types of discourse have the strongest impact on social life in a poly- cultural country. Such means of typology research as semantic maps has been used in contemporary linguistics. It is based on the notions that appeared in context of semantic fields research. Semantic fields include words with the common meaning. The methods of semantic field analysis are used in comparative linguistics. The comparative analysis of semantic fields of the business-discourse in the English and Ukrainian languages has pointed out to equivalent positions of professional terms and jargon words in these semantic fields. Existence of proper Ukrainian words and notions corresponding to English invariants with the same meaning has proved the universal nature of invariants.
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Gatcho, Al Ryanne G., and Eduardo Teodoro B. Ramos, Jr. "Stylistic Analysis of Philippine English and Singaporean English in Automotive Review Articles." International Journal of Language and Literary Studies 1, no. 1 (July 30, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v1i1.23.
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English as a global language has been used widely in various communication modes. The communication in the automotive industry is highly characterized as technical therefore, it possesses certain features that may be exclusive to its communication type. Since today’s time veers on amalgamating World Englishes, this discourse analysis study investigates the stylistic features of Philippine English and Singaporean English.Three pairs of automotive review articles written by Filipino and Singaporean writers were subjected to compare and contrast the stylistic features of these two English varieties. The findings reveal that Philippine English and Singaporean English used in automotive communication are similar in terms of register, grammatical feature, and writer’s style. On the other hand, the two varieties differ in terms of article contents and conventions. The study has implications in the creation of curriculum in automotive engineering that emphasizes both technology teaching and language teaching.
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Kern, Joseph. "Like in English and como, como que, and like in Spanish in the speech of Southern Arizona bilinguals." International Journal of Bilingualism 24, no. 2 (February 10, 2019): 184–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006919826329.
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Aims and Objectives/Purpose/Research Questions: This study analyzes the use of like in English and como, como que, and like in Spanish in the speech of bilinguals from Southern Arizona to assess the possible influence of like in English on its equivalents in Spanish in a language contact situation in which English is the majority language. Design/Methodology/Approach: Drawing on a discourse-pragmatic variationist approach, this study analyzes the use of like in English and its Spanish equivalents in recorded conversations between nine pairs of young Spanish-English bilingual friends from Southern Arizona. Data and Analysis: 3389 tokens of like in English and its Spanish equivalents from 18 hours of recorded conversations (9 hours in each language) were analyzed quantitatively. The analysis assesses the relative frequencies of these variants and their syntactic positioning as clause-external discourse markers and clause-internal discourse particles. The independent variables of the analysis were the language of the conversation and the sex and language dominance of the participants. Findings/Conclusions: Contact with English did not appear to radically influence the use of como, como que, and like in Spanish in the speech of these bilinguals. In the speech of the same bilinguals, like in English was much more frequent and occurred in many more syntactic positions than its Spanish equivalents. Originality: This is the first study of discourse-pragmatic features in contact to analyze the use of discourse markers and discourse particles in both the donor and the recipient language in the speech of the same bilinguals. Significance/Implications: These results contribute to our knowledge of the limited interaction of linguistic repertoires in the speech of bilinguals at the discourse level even in language contact situations with a majority language. They also underline the ability of bilinguals to both understand and reproduce the subtleties of the use of these features in the two languages they speak.
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Mat Nayan, Noor, and Jane Setter. "Malay English intonation." English World-Wide 37, no. 3 (October 14, 2016): 293–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.37.3.03mat.
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This paper presents the findings of a study on the intonational features in ten proficient Malay Speakers of English (MSEs), focusing on a distinct rising tone (the Cooperative Rise, CR). Using Brazil’s (1985) Discourse Intonation as a framework for analysis, the CR discourse function differs from the rise and fall-rise of Standard Southern British English (SSBE). The CR is a referring tone used to provide extra emphasis on important information and create a more cooperative and supportive tone. The form and function of the CR are examined in relation to SSBE and other varieties of World Englishes. The results indicate that duration and pitch range of the CR are significantly different from the standard rise.
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Lising, Loy, Pam Peters, and Adam Smith. "Code-switching in online academic discourse." English World-Wide 41, no. 2 (June 9, 2020): 131–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.00044.lis.
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Abstract World Englishes are the product of contact between English and other languages in multilingual habitats through the nativization phase. Yet the actual contexts of code-switching that contribute to the emerging regional variety have scarcely been described. This research focuses on code-switching among bilingual Filipino students, to illuminate this dynamic phase in varietal evolution. Using data from an online academic forum, it analyses the code-switching patterns within and between turns in the discussion, to see how they facilitate or inhibit the mobilization of Tagalog elements into code-mixed English. The data show intense levels of code-switching especially within individual turns. At the change of turns, the sequentiality principle is often set aside, and code-switching often involves Tagalog discourse markers and other function words. These include some elements noted two decades earlier (Bautista 1998) as potential features of evolving Philippine English, which have never been codified. The new data provide empirical evidence of how non-English elements are progressively taken up into World Englishes, in interactive use of English among bi-/multilingual speakers.
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Кislitsyna, N. N., and О. G. Chernyavskaya. "MULTIMODAL ANALYSIS OF DISCOURSE IN ENGLISH-LANGUAGE PSYCHOLOGICAL BLOGS." Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki, no. 2 (2020): 64–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2020-2-64-76.
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Borisova, Anna A., and Yulia N. Ebzeeva. "Gastronomic Vocabulary as a Feature of Nigerian English." Russian Journal of Linguistics 23, no. 3 (December 15, 2019): 820–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9182-2019-23-3-820-836.
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The World Englishes Paradigm studies various aspects of the English language characterized by specific peculiarities and changing as a result of contacts with indigenous languages and cultures. The history of English in Nigeria embraces 500 years of an interaction between highly different cultural systems and civilizations. Language contacts between English and the indigenous languages of Nigeria have led to its linguistic, cultural and intrastructural diversity. The aim of this article is to analyse the gastronomic vocabulary of Nigerian English influenced by the Nigerian worldview and culture. The research is focused on borrowings from African languages (mainly Yoruba and Igbo) that play a vital role in forming the culturally important lexicon of Nigerian English. The sources of the research material are dictionaries, as well as books by Nigerian writers composed in English. The analysis carried out in the course of the research allowed us to discover secondary nominations that denote Nigerian flora and cuisine, to reveal their metaphorical usage and to study corresponding figurative comparisons, idioms, proverbs and sayings. The investigation of gastronomic symbols in Nigerian speech shows universal processes of employing common gastronomic lexical units from real-life discourse as a basis for symbolization. The results of the study show that the gastronomic vocabulary and the images it creates constitute one of the most impressive Nigerian cultural codes. The knowledge of this vocabulary is instrumental in understanding those codes.
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Lim, Jessica. "So How Do English Language Learners Use "So"?" Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics 21, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 94–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1051286ar.
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The present article compares the use of the discourse marker so between English-dominant speakers and English language learners through an analysis of 20 one-on-one audio-recorded sessions with 10 English-dominant speakers and 10 English language learners. While employment of the discourse marker by both speaker groups was found to be discrepant, one prominent difference was discovered in the English language learner data. Move so, one of so’s six discursive functions, was produced with a higher frequency by the English language learners. The findings of the study indicate that while the learner group demonstrated a limited range of functions, as did English language learners in prior studies, they also had an overall lower rate of frequency compared to the English-dominant speakers.
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Shamne, Nikolay, and Elena Pavlova. "Linguistic Pragmatics of English Language Restaurant Online Discourse." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 3 (November 2019): 182–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2019.3.15.
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The paper presents an analysis of linguistic pragmatics of restaurant online discourse that is plunged into studying the content of English versions of British restaurant websites. The authors state that the investigated segment of virtual restaurant communication is organized on the basis of a linguistic-and-pragmatic model, which is constructed from the following components: discourse goal, discourse addresser's intention / communicative-pragmatic purposes with corresponding strategies and tactics. Special attention is paid to the main communication strategies of the discourse under analysis, among which there are the strategies of creating positive emotional mood, constructing an attractive image of the restaurant, increasing the activity of restaurant guests. It is established that these strategies are implemented by a set of tactics. The authors distinguish and describe verbal (lexical, lexical-grammatical and stylistic features), as well as non-verbal means that are used by site moderators for implementing the desired tactics. It is stated that the most frequent linguistic means are lexical units with emotional-expressive and attitudinal meanings, metaphorical and pleonastic constructions, modal verbs, superlatives; interrogative-responsive and imperative structures; non-verbal means of communication are represented by graphics, font and colour highlighting, various illustrations and photographs. The suggested linguistic and pragmatic model uncovers the following restaurant online discourse regularities: location of zones with verbal or non-verbal dominating means is defined by visual assessment factors of information representation on the website.
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Riyanti, Dwi. "Shifting identities through switching codes: A close look at the social languages of pre-service English teachers in an Indonesian context." Indonesian JELT: Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching 12, no. 2 (August 31, 2017): 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25170/ijelt.v12i2.1472.
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The globalization of English has undoubtedly brought shifts into how the English language is taught in classroom settings and how English teachers are prepared. In English as a foreign language (EFL) settings, for example, teaching and learning English is generally influenced by local contexts. Taking into account the sociocultural contexts of the learners and the teachers, identity construction becomes one important aspect in the process of English teaching and learning. Focusing on the microanalysis of social language uses, the study was aimed to understand how pre-service teachers of English as a foreign language in a multilingual setting, Indonesia, enact their identities through their language use in classroom settings. The data for this study was obtained from a classroom observation where an English pre-service teacher was performing peer teaching. The discourse analysis of the first thirteen minutes of a pre-service teacher's teaching demonstration indicates that multiple identities were enacted when the student teacher switched from one language to another. The pervasive use of code-switching in four different languages (Indonesian, English, Arabic, and Malay) provides clues that Mamas, a student teacher's pseudonym in the study was enacting different identities as he taught his peers. While further research is absolutely necessary to obtain more vivid pictures of the reasons behind using multiple languages in teaching English within this context, the study provides insight about how pre-service teachers in an Indonesian context try to develop identities as they learn to teach English.
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Николаева, Н., and N. Nikolaeva. "Language Standardization of Modern English Language: Errors or Communicative Innovations?" Scientific Research and Development. Modern Communication Studies 8, no. 4 (August 30, 2019): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5d4d7293473ad4.49065052.
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The article discusses the current changing of linguistic norms in English as a lingua franca of global communication nowadays. It aims at both determining the causes of language deviations and analyzing language errors as well as their impact on the effectiveness of the English language communication. Based on the analysis of abundant empirical material, we prove that language innovations are caused by the immanent structural, functional, and pragmatic variability / instability of the English language; they are also associated with cognitive and sociocultural evolution. The research methodology includes: a corpus-based analysis of speech errors; interpretative, context and discourse analyses of the sources of language errors, as well as their distribution, adaptation, habitualization, legitimization, and regulation. We discuss the degree of influence of these processes on native and non-native speakers. Special attention is paid to multilingual interference and the Internet language creation. The findings show that it is impossible to separate language errors from language innovations today. Such conventional governing principles of error normalization as credibility, codification, and approval are still playing an important role while the demographic and geographic principles are losing their significance. The Internet communication often proliferates error normalization processes, which result in evaluating (accepting or rejecting) any innovation according to the principle of “virtual validity”. In conclusion, the English language status as a language of the international communication significantly transforms its norms, rules, and traditions. We think, this will not worsen it, but allow people of different nationalities to communicate in English more effective using their “English variant”, which is the most adapted one to their cognitive, functional and pragmatic needs.
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House, Juliane. "Global English, discourse and translation." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 27, no. 3 (October 12, 2015): 370–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.27.3.03hou.
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Abstract This paper first briefly discusses the relationship between comparative discourse analyses of original and translated texts as the basis for revealing the behavior of a particular linguistic phenomenon in context and use. Concretely, the paper examines how global English impacts on translations from English into German with regard to so-called ‘linking constructions,’ a hitherto rather neglected area of connectivity in discourse. The analysis focusses on the forms, functions, distribution, and the translation equivalents in parallel and comparable corpora. Results indicate that the use of linking constructions differs substantially in English and German discourse, and these differences may well block English influence on German discourse norms via translation.
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Celce-Murcia, Marianne. "Discourse Analysis and Grammar Instruction." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 11 (March 1990): 135–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500002002.
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Only relatively recently has discourse analysis begun to have an impact on how English grammer (i.e., the rules of morphology and syntax) is taught to non-native speakers of English. In fact, a majority of teachers of English to speakers of other languages still conceive of grammer, and thus teach grammer, as a sentence-level phenomenon (if and when they teach it). This state-of-affairs reflects a rather counterproductive view of grammer since, as Bolinger (1968; 1977) has long argued, there are relatively few rules of English grammer that are completely context-free.
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Sharifian, Farzad. "Figurative language in international political discourse." Journal of Language and Politics 8, no. 3 (December 15, 2009): 416–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.8.3.04sha.
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Figurative language is used in all domains of communication, including political discourse. And since figurative language is largely socio-culturally constructed it presents a significant locus for misinterpretation or even manipulation when it collides with the realm of international politics. This paper presents an analysis of several cases of the use of figurative language in Iranian political discourse. For example, it shows how transposing a Persian metaphor onto an English metaphor has led to a conceptual shift. Given the potential risks involved in misconstruing political discourse internationally, the paper concludes by calling for additional systematic comparative studies with respect to other languages.
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Hao, Jing. "Nominalisations in scientific English." Functions of Language 27, no. 2 (July 6, 2020): 143–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.16055.hao.
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Abstract This paper examines nominalisation in scientific discourse in English, focusing on a distinction between what I will refer to as ‘live’ and ‘dead’ grammatical metaphors. Live metaphors refer to a nominal realisation of an ideational discourse semantic figure; dead metaphors are found in the same nominalisations as live metaphors, but they realise an entity rather than a figure. The distinction is made by drawing on a tristratal approach that is informed by Systemic Functional Linguistics and that considers nominalisation simultaneously from the perspectives of field, discourse semantics, and lexicogrammar. Although the paper focuses on nominalisation, it illustrates a broader line of argumentation that can be extended to the analysis of ideational discourse semantic meanings in general.
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Suparsa, I. Nyoman, I. Nyoman Suandi, Ida Bagus Warta, Ida Bagus Seloka, and I. Nengah Astawa. "Discourse On English Teaching Materials For Tour Guiding Based On Cultural Social Approach Analysis." International Journal of Linguistics and Discourse Analytics (ijolida) 2, no. 2 (March 31, 2021): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.52232/ijolida.v2i2.36.
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Teaching English for specific purposes (ESP), which is in contrast with English for Academic purposes (EAP), has gained specially great attention since 1960’s. One of the examples of ESP is English for guiding. The main purpose of implementing English for guiding in some schools or collages is to give the students ability to communicate mainly orally so as to be able to fulfil the student’s need for his or her future carreer or job in tourism. In reality very often cultural misunderstandings which may pruduce fatal consequencies emerge among those who are involved in tourism industry. Due to this circumstance, inserting sosio-cultural aspects in the teacher’s languge teaching interaction is indeed beneficial. In this case, the role of the teacher to include edequate cultural aspects in language teaching, beside giving formal gramatical language forms, of course is highly worth considering. Teaching English for tourism industry is not regarded appropriate yet if sosio-cultural aspects are not adequately included. In other words, beside teaching the language forms, English teacher should incorporate sosio-cultural aspects into his interaction. Futhermore, materials for English for guiding is carefully selected which are based on carefull analysis of the course objectives. The implication of analysing teaching materilas intended for tour guide is expected that the outcomes of the institution or graduates are truly matched with the available jobs in job markets
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Maslauskienė, Greta. "Combinatory potential of contrastive discourse markers in English and Lithuanian: a semantic functional analysis." Lietuvių kalba, no. 14 (June 10, 2020): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lk.2020.22464.
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Although numerous studies have concentrated on individual discourse markers (henceforth, DMs) or their classes, little attention has been paid to their combinations, especially from a cross-linguistic perspective. Most of the studies are based on the English language data, whereas the combinatory potential of DMs in other languages remains largely unexplored. The present corpus-based study focuses on combinations of contrastive discourse markers (henceforth, CDMs) in English and Lithuanian by adopting Fraser’s (2013) approach to DMs. The aim of the study is to investigate the combinatory potential of CDMs in English and Lithuanian academic discourse, spoken discourse and fiction. The study presents a list of CDM combinations used in English and Lithuanian and investigates their semantic-pragmatic profile.
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Saha, Shuvo. "A Critical Analysis of English Language Learning Guidebooks in Bangladesh." Journal of NELTA 18, no. 1-2 (May 2, 2014): 133–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nelta.v18i1-2.10336.
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The English language learning guidebooks (ELLGs), among many other available materials for learning English in Bangladesh, seems to be unique as well as worthy of investigation for they claim to teach English in 30 days. In fact, they are marketed with such discourse that these guidebooks are panacea for learning English without even the assistance of any teacher, text book, or other means. One major point to be marked here is these ELLGs mainly (often solely) focus on the speaking skill and tend to claim that learning the spoken aspect of a language is equivalent to learning the language. Being moved by such anomalous discourses and facts, this qualitative study critically looks at the discourses of ELLGs available in Bangladesh to unveil their actual purpose as well as to be informed about their educational philosophy. The findings suggest that the ELLGs are utterly business oriented products (rather than ELT materials), which instrumentally promote the ‘product approach based traditional form of education’ (Dewey, 1938). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nelta.v18i1-2.10336 Journal of NELTA, Vol 18 No. 1-2, December 2013; 133-147
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OFFIONG, EKWUTOSI ESSIEN. "LANGUAGE AND DISCOURSE IN NIGERIAN EDUCATION: HISTORIC IMPLICATION OF GENDER ISSUES." Society Register 3, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 37–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/sr.2019.3.4.03.
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Abstract
This paper examines the influence and power of language in education in Nigeria from the precolonial to colonial and post-colonial times. This is with regards to the effect of language on gender issues within the country. Nigeria, a country on the west coast of Africa is multi-ethnic with over 150 (one hundred and fifty) ethnic groups with their different indigenous languages and cultures. As a colony of the British, the Christian missionaries who first introduced western form of education in Nigeria used the British English language as a medium of communication and subsequently with the establishment of colonial administration in the country, English language was made the official language of the country. This paper contains a critical analysis of the use of English Language in the country and its implications on communication in social and economic interactions of individuals within the various communities across the country. It argues that the proliferation of the English language was through education of which the male gender benefitted more than their female counterparts due to the patriarchal dominance in the country. The data for the study was collated from random interviews and other written sources. The research discovered that the knowledge and ability to speak fluently and write the English language had a direct influence on the socio-political and economic status of individuals within the country. The women who benefitted from this were comparatively fewer than the men due to some prevailing conditions of what could be called in the present the subjugation of women the society. Critical discourse analysis is adopted for this study. It argues that English language dependency by Nigerians shows that forms of the colonial experience is still evident and these were all initiated during the past interactions with west through the transatlantic slave trade and colonial rule. This is because discourse as a social construct is created and perpetuated by the persons who have the language power and means of communication. The Nigerian family being of a conservative orientation derives its power directly from the father who is the patriarch of the family as obtained in the traditional set up of communities and the Nigerian society in general. This has grave effect on the opposite gender
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Chen, Xiaoxiao. "Language ideologies and self-Orientalism: representing English in China Daily travelogues." International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2021, no. 271 (June 8, 2021): 65–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2020-0043.
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Abstract While there is plenty of scholarship on the spread and study of English in China, scarce attention has been paid to representations of English in tourism discourses about China. This article aims to explore language ideologies undergirding representations of English language use in 253 travelogues from China Daily published since 2000. Findings show that most prominently in China Daily “standard” English was represented as a lingua franca for travel in China, a language of prestige, and a means of Othering. Some places are demarcated from others due to the lack of English-language services. Chinese people’s way of using English was reduced to Chinglish, a pejorative term indicating inappropriate or incorrect usage of English. Chinese use of English was thus ridiculed as an inferior Other. This critical discourse analysis of tourism discourses about China emanating from within the country demonstrates one facet of Orientalism – self-orientalism. CD’s self-orientalist strategies were embedded in oppositional East-West ideologies that set an inferior China against a superior West.
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Jazadi, Iwan. "An Oral Discourse Perspective on Second Language Learning." IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education) 2, no. 2 (November 25, 2015): 132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/ijee.v2i2.3092.
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Teaching and learning to speak English using oral language data drawn from real life communication can be unique experiences for English teachers and students who usually rely on unauthentic written texts of a textbook. This small study focuses on a conversation involving the author and his native speaker counterpart. Entities of the conversation put under analysis and discussion include its register and generic structure, exchanges, prosodic features and communication strategies. The dialogic features of the text are presented in the data collection procedure and description section. The article is expected to provide a perspective for doing similar analysis with other oral data by teachers and advanced learners of English as a second or foreign language. Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/ijee.v2i2.3092
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Schilk, Marco, Joybrato Mukherjee, Christopher Nam, and Sach Mukherjee. "Complementation of ditransitive verbs in South Asian Englishes: a multifactorial analysis." Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 9, no. 2 (October 25, 2013): 187–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cllt-2013-0001.
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AbstractThis paper examines parallels and differences between South Asian Englishes and British English with regard to various factors driving the selection of verb-complementation patterns. Focusing on the prototypical ditransitive verb give and its complementation, we use large web-derived corpora and distinguish between two possible response cases, one based on the dative and prepositional construction (i.e. the dative alternation), the other including monotransitive complementation. Our data has been additionally coded for a number of potential driving factors, such as pronominality and discourse accessibility of the participants in the constructions. Applying a model-exploration technique we isolate the main driving factors for the varieties under scrutiny (Indian English, Pakistani English and British English) and analyze their influence on pattern selection based on a multinomial logistic regression formulation. Our findings show that, while there is a large area of overlap between the varieties, Pakistani English is closer to British English with regard to relevant driving factors than Indian English. Furthermore, we reveal interesting parallels between all three varieties in the use of monotransitive complementation.
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Calude, Andreea S., and Gerald P. Delahunty. "Inferentials in spoken English." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 21, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 307–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.21.3.02cal.
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Although there is a growing body of research on inferential sentences (Declerck 1992, Delahunty 1990, 1995, 2001, Koops 2007, Pusch 2006), most of this research has been on their forms and functions in written discourse. This has left a gap with regards to their range of structural properties and allowed disagreement over their analysis to linger without a conclusive resolution. Most accounts regard the inferential as a type of it-cleft (Declerck 1992, Delahunty 2001, Huddleston and Pullum 2002, Lambrecht 2001), while a few view it as an instance of extraposition (Collins 1991, Schmid 2009). More recently, Pusch’s work in Romance languages proposes the inferential is used as a discourse marker (2006, forthcoming). Based on a corpus study of examples from spoken New Zealand English, the current paper provides a detailed analysis of the formal and discoursal properties of several sub-types of inferentials (positive, negative, as if and like inferentials). We show that despite their apparent formal differences from the prototypical cleft, inferentials are nevertheless best analysed as a type of cleft, though this requires a minor reinterpretation of “cleft construction.” We show how similar the contextualized interpretations of clefts and inferentials are and how these are a function of their lexis and syntax.
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Guslyakova, Alla, Nina Guslyakova, Vyacheslav Kirsanov, Marina Vethova, and Olga Vatkova. "English-language media discourse in the digital age: psychological mechanisms of functioning." SHS Web of Conferences 88 (2020): 01026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20208801026.
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The article raises the problem of the English-language media discourse which in its interaction with the basic psychological mechanisms of human consciousness (goal-setting, attitude and reflection) at the age of digitalization has created a new form of media discourse environment providing communication and influence on both native English speakers and non-native ones. The theoretical, as well as statistical and content analyses conducted in the research, allowed identifying two media blocks (two types of media discourses) in the English-speaking media world that have different goal-setting mechanisms, attitudes and reflection levels. The findings of the study based on the example of a political theme zone frequently circulated in the English-language media discourse demonstrated how the interaction and mutual influence between the psychological mechanisms and the media discourse are changed and depend on whether the information flow is generated by the institutional English-language media discourse or it is presented and promoted by individual media actors.
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Melnikova, Kseniya, and Alla Guslyakova. "Linguistic features of a politically correct English language discourse." SHS Web of Conferences 88 (2020): 01034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20208801034.
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The problem of the research is the insufficient study of political correctness (PC) in the intercultural and linguistic aspects, as well as the urgent need to establish its status in the modern integrated culture. The relevance of the study is due to there is no unified approach to the analysis of the concept of PC in the political sphere. There is a special ideological cultural and behavioural linguistic tolerant tendency on the contrary to expressions subjected to public ostracism because the speeches of public figures contain too many politically incorrect statements. Thus, the “listener” may have an internal protest against the use of PC vocabulary in everyday life, although its use is forced upon society by all types of media. The study is touch upon the analysis of the vast corpus of statements by US President D. Trump on Twitter, as well as other open Internet sources. The problem of studying PC was dealt with as Russian scientists, such as A.B. Ostroukh, M. Yu. Palazhchenko, Yu.L. Gumanova, S.G. Ter Minasova, L.V. Tsurikova and others, as well as their foreign colleagues: Paul Berman, Deborah Cameron and others. The research aims to attempt to describe the PC category in terms of cultural, behavioural and linguistic perspectives. By the tasks set for the study, the following methods were used: descriptive method, methods of distributive, component, quantitative and comparative analysis. The results could be used in educational and methodological activities as well as preparation of materials on cultural linguistics, lexicology, linguistic stylistics submissions, etc. The further research course plans to establish the relationship between the occasional euphemistic vocabulary.
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Pavesi, Maria. "This and That in the Language of Film Dubbing: A Corpus-Based Analysis." Meta 58, no. 1 (March 12, 2014): 103–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1023812ar.
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Recent research in audiovisual translation has focussed on the language of both original and translated dialogue, revealing different degrees of alignment between fictional dialogue and spontaneous conversation. In this context, demonstratives deserve special attention as they are major means to highlight segments of the current discourse and extra-linguistic reality in speech and may play a significant role in cinematic language as well. Furthermore, demonstratives are an area of dissimilarity between languages, with their translation being potentially subject to interference from the source to the target text. Through a quantitative corpus-based approach, this study explores to what extent demonstratives occur in the language of Italian dubbing, how similar in this respect dubbed dialogue is to Italian spoken language and what translation operations may account for the observed translation outcomes. Drawing on a small English-Italian parallel corpus of film dialogue, all English demonstrative pronouns have been coded for syntactic role, pragmatic function and translation operation. Results show that demonstratives occur to a lesser extent in dubbed film language vis-à-vis both Italian conversation and the source English dialogues. These findings are discussed in terms of the cross-linguistic contrast between Italian and English as well as the convergence of dubbed dialogue towards the model of original Italian film language.
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Patnaik, Jayashree. "DISCOURSE ANALYSIS AND THE COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS." PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences 6, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 813–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2020.61.813826.
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Alsaawi, Ali. "Written Discourse Analysis and its Application in English Language Teaching." Arab World English Journal 7, no. 2 (June 15, 2016): 244–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol7no2.16.
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Et. al., Kawa Abdul–Kareem Sherwani,. "Multimodal Discourse Analysis for teaching English as a Second Language." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 2 (April 10, 2021): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i2.712.
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New technological developments have boosted the use of different modes or semiotic resources; social changes and developments, on the other hand, have changed the process of meaning making because discourse shapes and is shaped by social practices. Semiotic resources are used in communication (language, sound, gestures, facial expressions … etc) and this has impact and reflections on the methods of teaching. Literacy is not only about reading and writing, it rather means the ability to communicate through multiple modes. Hence, it is important to embed multimodality (the study of using multiple modes) in educational settings
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Seleem, Muhammad, Fatima Alam Khan, and Aleena Zaman. "Wh-Movement Pattern in the Spoken Discourse of Teachers: A Syntactic Analysis." Global Social Sciences Review III, no. II (June 30, 2018): 400–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2018(iii-ii).23.
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This study investigates the syntactic structures of spoken discourse of teachers in academic discourse. The knowledge of syntactic structure of a language helps in understanding the spoken discourse. So, the study identifies the wh-Movement in the syntactic structures of teachers in English classroom sessions. The data was collected from two universities of Federal government, Pakistan. The one was Air University Islamabad and the second was National University of Modern Languages Islamabad. The data was collected through the recording tool where the English classroom sessions of the teachers were audio-recorded and transcribed. The analysis of data was quantitative and qualitative in nature. The frequency of wh-movement in the structures of recorded English spoken data was analysed quantitatively. In qualitative analyses, the transcribed data was analysed syntactically, keeping in view minimalist perspective, with the help of parsing rules and figures. The analyzed data shows that the teachers at undergraduate level use language where wh-movement is employed in syntactic structure of English used in classroom sessions. They move whexpression into other slots like internal merge and pied-pipe. However, the minimalist parametric unit, wh-movement, was found in the sentence structures of the teachers in the delivery of classroom sessions. So, the minimal pairs of sentence structure impacts different level of language.
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Keizer, Evelien. "English prepositions in Functional Discourse Grammar." Functions of Language 15, no. 2 (October 1, 2008): 216–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.15.2.03kei.
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Adpositions have always been problematic in terms of analysis and representation: should they be regarded as lexical elements, with an argument structure, or as semantically empty grammatical elements, i.e. as operators or functions? Or could it be that some adpositions are lexical and others grammatical, or even that one and the same adposition can be either, dependent on its use in a particular context? In Functional Grammar (Dik 1997a,b) adpositions are analysed as grammatical elements, represented as functions expressing relations between terms (referring expressions). Various alternative treatments have been proposed within FG, all of which, however, fail to solve all the problems, or address all the relevant questions involved. This article offers an analysis of English prepositions within the model of Functional Discourse Grammar (Hengeveld and Mackenzie 2006, 2008), based on the semantic, syntactic and morphological evidence available and fully exploiting the novel features of this model.
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Zernetskaya, Olga, and Pavel Zernetskiy. "Intrinsic Senses of Early 21st Century Global Internet Discourse." Respectus Philologicus 23, no. 28 (April 25, 2013): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/respectus.2013.23.28.4.
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This article tackles, for the first time, the phenomenon of the intrinsic senses ofglobal internet discourse. The interrelations of artificial and natural languages are analyzed. The notion of the “sewing” senses of the Internet i.e., those containing new, often-used concepts originated from natural languages (English, Russian, Ukrainian, etc.)—is introduced, and their contrastive analysis is carried out. The processes that take place when modifying the senses of already known words and creating new ones show the great influence of modern scientific technologies in general on the global multicultural sense field. All of this is actualized as tackling the issues of producing and translating senses in English internet discourse (English being the main language of the global Internet environment), as solving the problems of their translation with certain modifications into different languages of the world. The article considers various cross-cutting senses, such as web, net, cyber, blogger, etc. It analyzes the history of their appearance ininternet discourse, the expansion of their meanings, and their transformations. It is necessary to emphasize that the terms of internet discourse are inherited from the English language by means of transliteration. In rare cases, such borrowings are semantic calques. When broadcasting internet senses to other subsystems, these senses undergo various semantic processes—evolution, modification, expansion, narrowing, lowering or raising of their statuses (from the established professional terms to slang)—when they enter other, non-Internet discourses, such as social, political, economic, youth.
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Jocuns, Andrew. "Why is English Green? The Preference for English on Environmental Discourse at a Thai University." Manusya: Journal of Humanities 22, no. 3 (December 9, 2019): 289–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-02203002.
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This paper reports on an analysis of environmental discourse, or green discourse, in the linguistic and geosemiotic landscape of a Thai university. The overwhelming majority of green discourse signs at the university are in English and where they are bilingual (Thai and English), they tend to contain English in the preferred position. The language usage on the signage is also shown to be related to the sociolinguistics of globalization (Blommaert 2010) in terms of scale, indexical order, and polycentricity. These data are triangulated with data collected from walking interviews with students. The literature on ecolinguistics, the ecology of language and green discourse are reviewed within the context of the present study. The analysis focuses upon the geosemiotics (Scollon and Scollon 2003) of green discourse and how such discourse reflects patterns of the sociolinguistics of globalization.
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Kiose, Maria I. "Linguistic creativity and discourse profiles of English language children’s novels." Russian Journal of Linguistics 25, no. 1 (December 15, 2021): 147–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-2021-25-1-147-164.
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Contemporary discourse studies face the necessity to develop the methods of contrastive sub-discourse analysis which apply numeric and comparable data to diversify and describe sub-discourse types. The aim of the research is to propose a method of discourse profiling serving the purpose, and to further test the method in the contrastive study of linguistic creativity in different types of English language childrens novels. The category of linguistic creativity being the leading form of language poesis receives parametric description on all language representation levels (in written form) and provides the discourse values for contrastive analysis. These values are explored in the fragments of non-autobiographic and autobiographic adventure novel sub-discourse types authored by J.C. George, F. Gibson, J.D. Ullman, and G. Durrell (a total amount of 120.000 signs) annotated manually for 52 linguistic creativity parameters on phonological, morphological, word-formation, lexical, syntactic, and graphic levels. The working hypothesis is that the linguistic creativity parametric activity distributions represent the sub-discourse profiles and may serve to contrast sub-discourse types by means of their vectors contingency values. The analysis in individual parameter activity and in parameter groups activity demonstrated significant variance in sub-discourse construal, with autobiographic sub-discourse of G. Durrell manifesting several higher activity values in word-formation (occasional compounding), lexical use (the use of professional language, lexical tropes, allusive names, higher register style) and syntactic use (the use of parallel structures and syntactic intensifiers). In terms of morphological activity, the parameter values tend to be lower (morphological category shifts), the same stands true of some syntactic (the use of elliptical structures) and lexical parameters (the use of lower register types and proper names). The sub-discourse profiles demonstrate several common features, evidently typical of the discourse type itself, and the features differentiating non-autobiographic and autobiographic discourse subtypes. Vector correlation analysis revealed lower correlation values for autobiographic sub-discourse, which proves its specificity and testifies to the discourse profiling method applicability.
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Gries, Stefan Th, and Tobias Bernaisch. "Exploring epicentres empirically." English World-Wide 37, no. 1 (March 3, 2016): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.37.1.01gri.
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The present paper studies the dative alternation with GIVE, i.e. the alternation between the double-object construction (e.g. John gave Mary a book) and the prepositional dative (e.g. John gave a book to Mary), in relation to the norms underlying this constructional choice in six South Asian Englishes. Via Multifactorial Prediction and Deviation Analysis with Regression (MuPDAR) including random effects, we identify (i) factors triggering different constructional choices in South Asian Englishes in comparison to British English and (ii) the linguistic epicentre of English in South Asia with regard to the dative alternation. We are able to show that discourse accessibility of patient and recipient as well as pronominality of recipient are actuators of structural nativisation in South Asian Englishes and — in agreement with a more general sociolinguistic approach — find via a bottom-up approach that Indian English may be regarded as the linguistic epicentre of English for South Asia.
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Columbus, Georgie. "A comparative analysis of invariant tags in three varieties of English." English World-Wide 31, no. 3 (October 11, 2010): 288–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.31.3.03col.
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Discourse markers are a feature of everyday conversation — they signal attitudes and beliefs to their interlocutors beyond the base utterance. One particular type of discourse marker is the invariant tag (InT), for example New Zealand and Canadian English eh. Previous studies of InTs have clearly described InT uses in one language variety (e.g. Berland 1997, on London teenage talk; Stubbe and Holmes 1995, on NZ English; on sociolinguistic features e.g. Stubbe and Holmes 1995 and on single markers e.g. Avis 1972; Love 1973; Gibson 1977; Meyerhoff 1992 and 1994; Gold 2005, 2008 on eh). However, the class of InTs has not yet been fully described, and the variety of approaches taken (corpus- and survey-based) does not easily allow for cross-varietal or cross-linguistic comparison. This study investigates InTs in three varieties of English from a corpus-based approach. It lists the InTs available in New Zealand, British and Indian English through their occurrences in their respective International Corpus of English (ICE) corpora, and compares usages of four tags across the varieties. The description offers a clearer overview of the InT class for descriptive grammars, as well as more explicit definitions and usage guides for e.g. EFL/ESL pedagogy. An unambiguous description of several InTs and their meanings will also allow more thorough comparison in studies of other English varieties. Finally, the results offer another viewpoint on the issue of representativeness in corpora with respect to regional versus national varieties of the Englishes.
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Volkova, E. V., A. A. Khustenko, and E. A. Sherina. "Functions of English-Language Borrowings in Russian and Italian (on the Basis of Radio Discourse)." Nauchnyy Dialog, no. 2 (February 28, 2020): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2020-2-35-52.
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The process of borrowing English words in Russian and Italian is discussed in the article. Particular attention is paid to the communicative-pragmatic analysis of the peculiarities of the use of Anglicisms in radio speeches. In the study of dynamic language processes, the media and communication have traditionally been the main sources of replenishment of the lexical structure of the language, including through foreign borrowing. The relevance of this work is determined both by the increased scientific interest in comprehension of active language processes in recent decades, and the linguists refer to comparative studies of dynamic phenomena in systems of different languages in order to identify similar or different processes in them, due to national linguistic specificity. A review of the scientific literature on various aspects of the study of borrowing in the analyzed languages is performed, the choice of material is substantiated, and research methods are described. The results of a comparative analysis of Russian and Italian radio speeches are presented. It is established that English-language borrowings have an extensive set of functions that are auxiliary in relation to the system-forming function of radio discourse - the impact on the target audience. It is proved that the coincidence of the main borrowing functions in the radio discourse of the analyzed countries is due to the strong position of the English language as a universal international means of communication.
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CHEN, LIANG, and NING PAN. "Development of English referring expressions in the narratives of Chinese–English bilinguals." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 12, no. 4 (August 24, 2009): 429–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728909990216.
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This paper investigates the development of referring expressions in the narratives of children learning English as a second language (L2). Spoken narratives in English were elicited from sixty Chinese-speaking participants at four ages – five, eight, ten, and young adults – using the wordless picture bookFrog, where are you?(Mayer, 1969). Narrative analysis focused on the referring expressions that the L2 speakers used to introduce and maintain reference to story characters in the narratives and on the referential appropriateness of those expressions. We then compared the results of this study with other, similar studies on children learning English as a first language (L1) and found both universal and L2-specific patterns in the development of referring expressions in discourse. On the one hand, regardless of whether English is acquired as an L1 or L2, appropriate use of referring expressions in discourse is developed gradually and is influenced by both discourse function (introduction vs. maintenance) and character type (main vs. secondary). On the other hand, L2 children in our study differed from L1 children in previous studies in the development of referential appropriateness in character introduction, the use of pronominals for referent maintenance, and the timeline of the mastery of appropriate forms for referent introductions versus referent maintenance.