To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: English language – Word formation.
Journal articles on the topic 'English language – Word formation'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'English language – Word formation.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Enesi, Miranda. "The Effect of Teaching Word Formation Theory to English Students." European Journal of Language and Literature 7, no. 1 (January 21, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejls.v7i1.p7-12.
Full textAbstract:
The word-formation theory is often avoided in English language course books and little research is conducted on the pedagogical status of word-building process. However, many researchers and lecturers have realized the effect of teaching word-formation theory in English languages course books. English language lecturers have noted that vocabulary is very important in various subjects of English language branch curricula. For this reason, we must admit that the processes of word-formation, through which every language vocabulary can be enriched, are very important in English language teaching and learning. Word formation components such as prefixes, suffixes, etymology, history of words and other required materials in composing the vocabulary of English language are tested in Aleksandër Moisiu University. The results have revealed a significant and successful effect of teaching Word formation theory, this way showing the colossal importance of this important language aspect in every English language edition course book. This paper has two aims: first to review types of English word-formation and, second, to discuss the absence and the need for word-formation theory in English language course books. Keywords: Word formation, prefixes, suffixes, words, vocabulary.
2
Kuptsova, Tetiana, and Iryna Koliieva. "STRUCTURAL PECULIARITIES OF RAILWAY TERM FORMATION IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 9(77) (January 30, 2020): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-9(77)-43-46.
Full textAbstract:
The structural peculiarities of the railway term formation is investigated in the article. It is demonstrated that the most common ways of the one component railway term formation are suffixation and prefixation. The prefixation-suffixation type is a less productive way of the word building. Compound words proved to form a large group of the railway terms. The relations among the components of a compound word represent a specific type of semantic and structural relations of the word in a word combination, where the terms which consist of «noun+noun», «adjective+noun» predominate. In the system of the English railway terminology among the component terms the most widespread are nouns that explains that nouns define processes, equipment, devices, and objects. This paper outlines some linguistic properties of technical terms. The article focuses on some linguistic features of a term. Being a linguistic object with the common and specific features of a language system a term has all lexical-semantic and formal features of the words and word combinations of a natural language. In the process of the affixation term building the semantics of a derived word is defined by an affix that is why an affix can bear a particular word building meaning. But having definite motivational relations between a derivative and a derived word the semantics of the derived word is not always determined by the meanings of its components. Deciding the semantics of a derived term many factors should be taken into consideration: conversion, the peculiarities of a compound word, polysemy etc. It should be underlined that morphological or affixation type of the term forming is based on the principles of word building of the literary language.
3
Karlygash, Shokhayeva, Akmarzhan Auyelbekova, Gulnar Shomanova, Saule Dutbayeva, and Marzhan Zhapanova. "Features of word formation of new vocabulary in English." XLinguae 16, no. 1 (January 2023): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.11.
Full textAbstract:
Word formation is a branch of linguistics in which the ways of forming words of a language are studied. By studying word formation, one can understand the means of enriching the language as a whole. After all, the language we speak is constantly changing, everything that happens in society is reflected in the language through new words and word meanings, and the main source of the appearance of new words in the language is word formation. This article is devoted to the study of word-formation models in the English language. The article contains information about the main word-formation models in the English language, their problems, features and classifications. In addition, this article discusses a new vocabulary, which is constantly replenished by all modern languages due to the intensive development of all spheres of human activity. In this case, English is no exception, and among the many sources that fix neologisms in this language. The focus is on the aspect of word formation of neologisms, namely all the traditional ways: affixation, word composition, reduction and conversion. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that the word composition occupies the first place in productivity, reduction – in the second, affixation – in the third, conversion – in the last. This means that word composition has not lost its leading positions, and affixation and conversion have become less common. It is interesting to note the continued productivity of the following word composition and conversion models. In affixation, prefixes of Latin origin were the most frequent, as well as such suffixes. Also, this article is an analysis of the main scientific concepts that reveal the essence of the theory of word formation: its place in the language system. The area of controversial issues concerning the morpheme as the main unit of word formation is outlined. The author focuses on a comprehensive approach to the theory of word formation in projection on the practice of word analysis.
4
Kathpalia, Sujata S. "Neologisms." English World-Wide 39, no. 1 (February 1, 2018): 34–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.00002.kat.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Studies in word-formation in English are common compared to the study of new words that are formed by combining the resources of two linguistic systems. Although new word formations within a language are considered to be highly creative, combining words from two different languages provides another level of creativity to bilinguals in different situations. The objective of this paper is to examine the main types of word creation processes employed in mass media texts, particularly in Hindi-English code-mixed words. The focus is on three main processes of word creation: affixation, blending and compounding (including reduplication) and they are discussed from the perspective of productivity/creativity, distribution and underlying motivations. These processes seem to be illustrative of the nativization of inner circle English in India, particularly in mass media where such lexical adaptations lend texts a distinct flavor through innovation in word-formation.
5
Baumgardner, Robert J. "Word-Formation In Pakistani English." English World-Wide 19, no. 2 (January 1, 1998): 205–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.19.2.04bau.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses patterns of word-formation which are specifically characteristic of Pakistani English, providing ample documentation from a variety of indigenous sources. In particular, attention is paid to compounding, affixation, conversion, back-formation, clipping, abbreviation/acronyms, and blends. Also, results of an acceptability test of select word-formations are reported.
6
Rishat Zhurkenovich, Saurbayev, Zhetpisbay Aliya Kozhamuratkyzy, Demessinova Galina Khatipovna, Kulbayeva Baglan Tasbulatovna, and Vafeev Ravil Aisovich. "The Principles of Economy in Word-Formation in Functional Styles of English." Arab World English Journal 12, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 424–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/vol12no2.29.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to studying the principles of the language economy of modern English word-forming. The most productive ways of word-formation are highlighted, illustrating the tendency of the language to compress nominative units. In the system of English word-formation, the most effective ways to save speech are affixal word formation, word composition, and conversion. Due to the considerable potential of these methods of word formation, the vocabulary of the English language has such qualities as the richness of vocabulary, functionality, and economy. The main aim of the study is to consider the principles of word-formation in the modern English language through word-forming models represented by the concepts of length and depth of the generating word. The authors of the article explore the mechanism of the principle of the economy through the consideration of the ideas of “mental energy”, “word-forming energy”, and “pronouncing energy”. There are issues that attempt to answer; how does the principle of economy work in the English language – its word formation? What are the significant models of word formation in modern English? The findings indicate that there are active processes in the word-formation of the English language, which can cause the formation of new words without changing the length and depth of the generating term expanding the possibilities of word composition and conversion.
7
Beishenalieva, A., and A. Bekbalaev. "The Influence of Language Peculiarities on the Structure of Word-formation Models." Bulletin of Science and Practice, no. 9 (September 15, 2023): 270–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/94/29.
Full textAbstract:
This article examines the influence of language peculiarities on the structure of word-formation models in the context of advertising discourse. The aim of the research is to identify the specific features and differences in the structure of word-formation models between English and Russian languages, as well as to evaluate their translational equivalents. Within this study, a comprehensive analysis of advertising texts in English and Russian languages was conducted, with a focus on word-formation models. The structure of word-formation models was systematically classified and analyzed, taking into account various language peculiarities and mechanisms of word-formation. The results of the research demonstrate significant differences in the structure of word-formation models between English and Russian languages. English, characterized by a wealth of prefixes and suffixes, exhibits a more flexible and diverse structure of word-formation models, whereas Russian language stands out for its predominant use of suffixes and endings. Additionally, the article presents an analysis of the translation of word-formation models from English to Russian. This analysis helped to identify difficulties and challenges associated with translating the structures of word-formation models between the two languages. The scientific significance of this research lies in expanding our knowledge about the structure of word-formation models and their translation in advertising discourse. The practical significance of the research lies in providing a foundation for the development of effective translation strategies for word-formation models in advertising texts between English and Russian languages. In conclusion, the study confirms that language peculiarities have a significant influence on the structure of word-formation models in advertising discourse. Understanding these peculiarities and being able to translate word-formation models effectively are crucial for creating successful advertising campaigns that accurately convey the intended message and emotional undertones of the original texts in the target language. Further research directions may involve a deeper analysis of specific language peculiarities in other language pairs, as well as the development of recommendations and methodologies for translating word-formation models in advertising discourse. Additionally, investigating the impact of the structure of word-formation models on the perception and effectiveness of advertising texts among different cultural groups and audiences can be explored.
8
Qamar, Md Tauseef, Juhi Yasmeen, Md Arfeen Zeeshan, and Sanket Pathak. "Coroneologisms and Word Formation Processes in Hindi-English Codemixed Words." Acta Linguistica Asiatica 12, no. 1 (January 30, 2022): 59–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ala.12.1.59-89.
Full textAbstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic came with a flux of new words, terminologies, and phrases, which led to the rapid coinage or neologisms in the world's different languages. These lexical innovations may take place within one language as well as with the combination of two different languages. Therefore, this paper scrutinizes coroneologisms and word-formation processes in Hindi-English code-mixed words. Such a phenomenon happened due to the acceptance of English by Indians besides their mother tongue which makes them bilingual. The data were gathered from newspapers, blogs, social media, TV news, etc. Next, the linguistic analysis of the data revealed different types of word classes in Hindi-English codemixed words such as compounding, affixation, blending, and reduplication. Out of these, compounding and borrowing were reported as the most productive types of coroneologisms in Hindi-English code-mixed words.
9
Fang, Yan-Qing. "A Glimpse at the Study of English Neologism." Business Prospects 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.52288/bp.27089851.2021.12.13.
Full textAbstract:
Language is a social phenomenon and changes with the development of society. Neologisms are new words and new expressions which are the cutting edge of language. Neologisms are being invented or introduced every day to express new things and new ideas in society. Scholars usually discuss neologisms from two perspectives: the time perspective and the semantic perspective. Neologisms can be classified according to their functions, their coinage processes, their formation, and their sources. There are three main methods of new word creation: neologisms by rules of word-formation; neologisms by adding new meanings to existing words; neologisms by borrowing words from other languages. Even a single method is quite productive in new word creation.
10
Grlj, Tina. "Blending as a Word-Formation Process." Journal for Foreign Languages 14, no. 1 (December 23, 2022): 85–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/vestnik.14.85-106.
Full textAbstract:
Although there are several ways of creating new words, the article investigates the morphological process that is referred to as lexical blending. Even if this minor word-formation process is increasingly popular, it is still not clearly defined and limited. This process is present in many languages, and is clear proof of how inventive a language can be. The first part of the article presents an examination of defining characteristics of blending and blend words according to different authors. The second part of the article is of a practical nature. Some of the key characteristics of blends discussed in the first part are tested on the basis of a corpus, which was compiled specifically for this purpose and contains 458 English and 396 French blends. Blends from each language are analysed separately in order to reveal any major discrepancies between English and French. The focal points of the analysis are the lexical categories of blends and of the source words entering each blend, the presence or absence of shortening of source words, the type of shortening of source words, the structural patterns of blends, the presence or absence of overlap between the source words, the type of overlap and the frequency of infixation. These parameters are corroborated by the statistical analysis of the corpus in order to reveal any prominent structural patterns in both languages. Additionally, some of these points of analysis are compared to the findings presented by Vincent Renner in “French and English lexical blends in contrast” (2018). His study includes 97 French and 374 English blends from two corresponding dictionaries in both languages, namely the Grand Robert de la langue française and the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary.
11
ShuYao, Li, Ong Shyi Nian, and Komalata Manokaran. "A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CHINESE AND ENGLISH WORDFORMATION BASED ON NEOLOGISMS." Platform : A Journal of Management and Humanities 4, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.61762/pjmhvol4iss2art14302.
Full textAbstract:
Language as a necessary tool for human activities is undergoing various changes due to the progress of the modern world and human society. The emergence of neologisms is one of the most intuitive changes by humans. English and Chinese languages constantly renew themselves as the world changes. Therefore, the number of Chinese and English neologisms is growing, bringing certain obstacles to those who need to understand the culture behind the two languages or require cross-cultural communication. In addition, neologisms are very important for language learning. For Chinese and English learners who attempt to learn the target language better, the phenomenon of neologisms is an enormous challenge in language learning. Hence, based on the collection of Chinese and English neologisms from 2018 to 2020, a mixed research method is applied in the study to investigate and compare Chinese and English word-formation tendency and characteristics and find the similarities and differences in each type of neologisms word-formation of the two languages. After the analysis of data, the study found that there are four types of word-formation: affixation, compounding, abbreviation, and blending appearing in both Chinese and English neologisms in recent years, and affixation is the type of word-formation with the highest frequency in English neologisms, while compounding is the most dominant type in Chinese word-formation. In addition, by comparing Chinese and English word-formation found in the study, it is found that there are some same and different characteristics of each type of word-formation. These findings are expected to provide educators with suggestions that word-formation can be added to vocabulary teaching and expect directly to bring learning vocabulary to people who learn Chinese and English.
Keywords: Comparative analysis, Chinese and English word-formation, neologisms
12
Eludiora, Safiriyu Ijiyemi, and O. R. Ayemonisan. "Computational Morphological Analysis of Yorùbá Language Words." IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijai.v7.i1.pp11-18.
Full textAbstract:
Nigeria official languages are English, Yorùbá, Igbo and Hausa. The focus of the study reported in this paper is to develop learning tool that can assist learners to learn the Yorùbá language using its alphabets. The study is critical to Yorùbá language, because of its endangerment. There is need to introduce different learning tools that can mitigate its extinction. A Yorùbá word perfect system was developed to assist people in learning the Yorùbá language. English and Yorùbá words formation are experimented using computational morphological approach (word formation). The theoretical framework considered Finite state automata (FSA) to realise different ways of combining the consonants and vowels to form word. Two to five letter words were considered. The system was designed and implemented using UML tools and python programming language.The system will teach the users on how the words are formed, and the number of syllables in each word. The user need not to know how to tone mark word before he/she can use the system. Any word typed will be analysed according to its number of syllables. This approach produces representatives of all parts of speech (POS) of the two languages. It produces corpora for the two languages
13
Hamzai, Jeta. "Context Based and Non-Context Based Interpretation of English Compounds in Legal Discourse-A Case Study with ESP Law Students." SEEU Review 16, no. 1 (June 12, 2021): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/seeur-2021-0005.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Due to new innovations and changes, every language needs new words simply because there is a need for new words to name new things. It is a common occurrence for a speaker to use some words in a way that has never been used before in order to communicate directly about certain facts or ideas. When new inventions and changes come into people’s lives, there is a need to name them and talk about them. If a new word is used by many speakers of the language, it will probably survive, and the same word will one day become an everyday word and enter the vocabulary of a language. This paper looks at compounding as one of the most productive word formation process in English. The term compounding refers to a process in which two or more lexemes are combined into one new word. When a word is formed by merging two or more words, each of which can be used separately, it is called a compound word. The term “word formation” has no universally accepted use. Word formation is sometimes defined as a process associated with changing the form of a word, for example, affixation, which is, in fact, the subject of morphology. In a broader sense, word formation covers the processes of creating new lexical items. In English, word formation is of great importance because this phenomenon affects the English dictionary, which in addition to borrowing from various other languages is enriched in this way. The aim of this paper was to investigate the context based vs. non-context interpretation of English compounds by EFL students in legal discourse. The findings from the test run-questionnaire showed that students of English as a foreign language found it more difficult to apply compound words in context rather than choosing an appropriate definition for them, with or without a given context. Furthermore, students scored lower when 50% of the compounds were given in context.
14
Kalukar, Ventje Jany, Nur Erliza, and Masrur Yahya. "A Morphological Analysis of Word Formation Processes in English Posters on Instagram." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 14, no. 6 (November 1, 2023): 1551–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1406.13.
Full textAbstract:
This research aimed to determine the types and the most commonly used word-formation type on twenty posters on @infolomba on Instagram taken from October 2019 to February 2020. The researchers used distributional analysis to analyze the structure of new words by breaking the morpheme elements. The researchers found 360 data considered as new-word formations on English posters. This study exhibits that derivation, inflection, conversion, compounding, abbreviation, acronym, blending, clipping, borrowing, and reduplication were word-formation types in creating new words on posters. The researchers also found the double words formation process, such as compounding + derivation, compounding + inflection, compounding + abbreviation, compounding + conversion, and derivation + inflection. In conclusion, the abbreviations on posters were English posters' most commonly used word-formation type.
15
Saleem Al-Nuaimi, Hashim Saadoon, and Nawaf Muhammad Abdulla Al-Mahjoob. "The Enrichment of the English Language with New Vocabulary Words." JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE STUDIES 6, no. 4, 1 (July 15, 2023): 225–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jls.6.4.1.14.
Full textAbstract:
This research is intended to wade through all the spheres of how English is enriched with new vocabulary words. Increasing vocabulary is possibly realised through the word-formation processes. The process of word formation implies many devices which are listed and explained in the second section. Each device of forming new words is dealt with separately. All word formation devices except that one of borrowing are done within the very language, here English, whereas borrowing is always achieved by importing words from other languages. The reason behind electing this subject is to expose the readers and, especially, the learners of English to a new material necessary in their study. The researchers are keen to forward the subject in a total way including all information crucial to create successful results
16
Anipina, Aliya, Raya Orazova, Alikhankyzy Guliya, Zhylkybay Gulimzhan, and Sholpan Karsybekova. "A national cultural peculiarity of suffix word formation." XLinguae 16, no. 1 (January 2023): 236–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18355/xl.2023.16.01.18.
Full textAbstract:
Language is constantly developing, and the study of changes in the language's vocabulary is an important task of linguistics. The modern English language is characterized by the constant formation of new words. The suffix system of modern English has been actively and fruitfully studied by both domestic and foreign linguists; a significant number of works have been written considering certain aspects of the suffix system of the English language. However, the language changes over time, and its structure partially changes. The existing theoretical knowledge becomes insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to identify new, modern trends that have been observed in recent decades. The article is devoted to the patterns of the use of noun suffixes in modern English. Also, in this article, the concept and types of word formation as one of the ways of enriching the language are studied. Thanks to the use of live suffixes, it will be easier to enrich your vocabulary. Suffixes are easily distinguished as word-forming elements. They are suffixes. They are used to form new words. The productivity of the suffix depends on how many formations they give. The article provides examples of suffixes of the actor and ways of formation from different parts of speech. Most often, nouns and verbs with the addition of suffixes are used for word formation at the base of the word. In addition, this article examines the definitions and approaches to defining the concepts of new words. New words formed by the suffix method are investigated. The most productive ways of forming new words are analyzed and identified. The principles of morphemic analysis of the basics are considered. Semantic and grammatical functions of the suffix morpheme are defined. The productivity of suffixes of modern English is studied. The process of distribution of suffixes by parts of speech is revealed.
17
Saurbayev, Rishat, Fatima Yerekhanova, Aliya Zhetpisbay, and Gulzhana Kuzembayeva. "MORPHONOLOGICAL PHENOMENA IN THE ENGLISH SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL VOCABULARY." Eurasian Journal of Philology: Science and Education 194, no. 2 (2024): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26577/ejph.2024.v194.i2.ph011.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this article is the study of morphonological phenomena in the word formation of the English language of science. Morphonology is a relatively new discipline, and before proceeding to the study of specific material. The authors consider it necessary to acquaint the reader with its main provisions. Morphonology word formation of modern English scientific and technical literature contributes to the standardization of terminological systems based on the mutual influence of the general standard language and the language of science as its functional type. It should be noted that there is no strict dependence between the parameters of word families and modifications of the basis, except for one thing: there is no change of the basis in the adverbial direction of the derivative. Morphological modifications of the producing base in one direction or another, as a rule, are obligatory, but optional. The scientific value is that the wide prevalence of morphological phenomena in the word formation of the English language puts forward the provision on taking into account morphological modifications in the producing basis in the formation of producing words, which is very important in the process of teaching professionally-oriented scientific English. The practical value of this research is that special research in the field of teaching reading literature in the specialty is the main purpose of teaching a foreign language to scientific and technical workers and students of non-linguistic universities. The article concludes that the practice of teaching foreign languages shows that the use of word formation achievements as one of the linguistic disciplines greatly facilitates learning a foreign language. The research uses a comparative method, transformational, descriptive, and semantic. The results of the study indicate the regularity and wide prevalence of morphonological modifications in the generating basis for the formation of derived words in the process of teaching English.
18
Callies, Marcus. "Word-Formation in English (review)." Language 82, no. 1 (2006): 215–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lan.2006.0013.
Full text
19
Maharramova, Malahat. "Analysis of the role and use of prefixes in word formation in modern german compared to english." Revista Amazonia Investiga 12, no. 71 (November 30, 2023): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2023.71.11.20.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the paper is to formulate and summarise the research on word formation in German in comparison with English. The literature review made it possible to conduct a typological analysis of word formation rules in German and English to classify the scope of current research in this area. The results showed that the paradigm shift of recent years has led to increased attention to issues related to language use and empirical issues, theories, and methods of word formation not only from a synchronic perspective but also from a diachronic one. The fact that words are formed distinguishes them from a competing process, phrase formation, in which phrases, i.e., groups of words, form collocations rather than words, i.e., groups of words to verbalise concepts. Since a phrase verbalises a concept in the same way as a word, these two methods compete both at the intra- and inter-linguistic levels. We conclude that it is the potential of word formation that distinguishes modern language from primitive language. The comparative compilation of German and English word formation models has led us to the typology of language.
20
Ibrahimova, A. "HISTORICAL CHANGES OF PREFIXES IN ENGLISH WORD FORMATION." East European Scientific Journal 6, no. 4(68) (May 14, 2021): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/essa.2782-1994.2021.6.68.37.
Full textAbstract:
The vocabulary of literary language of modern English that becomes rich these days we can see from the development process of its word formation. The role of history of prefixes in forming of new words in the word building is extensive. The article was explored the charachteristics of the history of the English language prefixes. During the Ancient and Middle Ages, prefixes were commonly used less in word formation than before. The decrease in prefixes, of course, is due to certain reasons. Some English prefixes, on the other hand, are derived from OE adverbs and prepositions, and ME and NE are more advanced in number in the creation of new words.
21
Ostapenko, S. A., and Ye S. Chemodurova. "ETYMOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH AFFIXES." INTELLIGENCE. PERSONALITY. CIVILIZATION, no. 1 (28) (July 21, 2024): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33274/2079-4835-2024-28-1-27-34.
Full textAbstract:
Objective. The objective of this article is to investigate the etymology of English affixes. Methods. The main scientific results are obtained using a complex of general scientific and special research methods, namely: analysis and synthesis of scientific literature on the problems of etymology, word formation, affixation; theoretical generalization and concretization; comparative method and methods linguistic research (contrastive and structural). Results. Etymological analysis plays a significant role in comparative linguistics as it determines the origin of words, records the history of changes in their structure, and explains their modern form In the course of the study one of the main ways of word formation in English, namely affixation was analysed. Affixed morphemes make changes to the word, they are divided into word-altering (modify the grammatical meaning) and word-forming (modify the lexical meaning). The former perform a grammatical role without affecting the lexical meaning of the word. Word-altering affixes are universal, i.e. they are applicable to all (or most) words of a given grammatical category. Word- forming affixes introduce a new lexical meaning, additional to that already contained in the root morpheme. Word-formation affixes are not universal, although, at first glance, they are used quite regularly in the process of creating new words from the same root. English suffixes and prefixes are diverse in origin. Along with productive suffixes and prefixes, which help to keep adding new lexical items to the English language, there are non-productive or alloproductive ones that occur either in one or more words or as a morphological feature of parts of speech. The study of prefix and suffix morphemes in English allows us to better understand the structural features of the language and their influence on word formation and the expression of grammatical relations. The study of these morphemes reveals the versatility of the language system, contributes to the enrichment of linguistic richness and improves linguistic expression. References Busel, V. T. (2005). Velykyi tlumachnyi slovnyk suchasnoi ukrainskoi movy : 250000 [A large explanatory dictionary of the modern Ukrainian language : 250000]. Kyiv, Irpin, Perun Publ., VIII, 1728 p. Vakariuk, L. O. & Pantso, S. Ye. (2010). Ukrainska mova. Morfemika i slovotvir. Navchalnyi posibnyk [Ukrainian Morphemics and word formation. Study guide]. Ternopil, Navchalna Knyha Bohdan Publ., 200 p. Horpynych, O. (1999). Suchasna ukrainska mova [Modern Ukrainian]. Kyiv, Vyshcha Shkola Publ., 207 p. Etymolohiia [Etymology]. Encyclopedia of modern Available at: https://esu.com.ua/article-18044 Slovotvorennia v suchasnii anhliiskii movi [Word formation in modern English] Available at: https://speak-up.com.ua/news/sposoby-slovotvorennya-v-anglijskij-movi/ Usi prefiksy v anhliiskykh slovakh zi znachenniamy ta prykladamy, yaki polehshat vam navchannia [All prefixes in English words with meanings and examples to make learning easier] Available at: https://cambridge.ua/uk/blog/prefixes-in-english/ Yaki ye sufiksy v anhliiskii movi? [What suffixes are there in English?] Available at: https://bukischool.com.ua/blog/sufiksy-v-angliiskiy-movi Yankovets, O. (2019). Slovotvirni sufiksy anhliiskykh terminivimennykiv prykordonnoi sfery [Word-forming suffixes of English term-nouns of the border area]. Inozemna filolohiia [Foreign philology], Issue 132, pp. 45–56. Bauer, (2023). The Birth and Death of Affixes and Other Morphological Processes in English Derivation. Languages, Issue 8, 244. Available at: https://www.mdpi.com/2226- 471X/8/4/244 Online Etymology Dictionary. Available at: https://www.etymonline.com/word/
22
Ivanova, Natalia K., and Nadezhda E. Merkulova. "New English Words for Describing the International English as a Current World Language Reality." Research in Language 19, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 77–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1731-7533.19.1.05.
Full textAbstract:
The evolution of the English language, its changing in the situation of language contacts and functioning of English as an international means of communication have created a need for a more systematic analysis of related phenomena. In this paper, new English words which apparently appeared due to globalization and internationalization, have been considered. On the basis of authoritative theoretical approaches and several e-dictionaries, the words selected by means of continuous sampling method (more than 200 units) were analysed in terms of their semantics, morphology and spelling. Then they were classified into several thematic groups: 1) new words for naming natural and artificial versions of current English; 2) words classified with regard to social accents and dialects; 3) neologisms that reflect the English language domain and its interaction with indigenous languages. The morphological analysis revealed the application of different processes of word-formation, including neologisms and forms created according to traditional English patterns. Sometimes play on words and homo-acronyms were used in order to reinforce the meaning and connotation. Compounding and blending were found to be the most productive means of words formation within the corpus, and stylistic neologisms, used to mark a certain underlying sense proved to be the second most frequent process. It is demonstrated that studying of the currently active processes of word formation in the English language used as an international communication tool emphasizes the interdisciplinary aspect of such research programs.
23
Makhrova, Nadezda N., and Anna V. Uryadova. "Conversion in the English Language." Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series Humanitarian and Social Sciences, no. 5 (November 15, 2021): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2687-1505-v129.
Full textAbstract:
This paper studies English words and phrases formed by means of conversion. The authors provide a definition of the term and dwell on the history of this phenomenon in the English language. Types of conversion (full and partial, classical and non-classical) and its directions (verbification, nominalization, and adjectivization) are considered. The authors focus on such interesting phenomena as ellipsis, abbreviation and others. Typical stems (simple and complex – affixal and portmanteau) are analysed, as well as two types of acronyms (using individual initial letters and syllables) that are utilized in word formation by means of conversion. Further, difficulties translating sentences with words formed through conversion are pointed out. Two main criteria for determining the direction of conversion are named: 1) the meaning of the source stem is wider than that of the derived word; 2) the source member of the pair has a more extensive derivational family. The authors introduce their own examples based on the information from Russian-English, English-Russian and English-English dictionaries to demonstrate the use of conversion in various spheres (scientific and technical, journalistic, nonfiction, and literary texts). As a result, the authors come to the conclusion that conversion, being an advanced way of word formation in English, helps to significantly expand the vocabulary and achieve the most adequate translation of different parts of speech in a certain context. This article can be of use to scholars dealing with translation problems, practicing translators and university teachers of English.
24
Li, Bianye. "A Major Difference between the Formation of English Words and the Formation of Chinese Words in Modern Times." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 8, no. 6 (November 1, 2017): 1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0806.04.
Full textAbstract:
The English language is a language of “fertility” due to its continuous formation of new words in modern times. However, the Chinese language is “infertile” because it has basically stopped creating totally new words. The general trend in the development of a Chinese character in the Chinese history has been moving from complexity to simplicity. As a result, it leads to the "infertility" of the Chinese language and makes it difficult to combine a limited number of different strokes within a limited space known as方块字Fāngkuàizì ‘Square Block Word’. What is a totally new word in English is simply a combination of used words in Chinese. The Chinese language's capability of saving horizontal and linear space makes this combination feasible to express a new meaning. Three types of constraint arising from limited type and number of Strokes, General Trend toward Simplicity and Square-Framed Space have made their concurrent contribution to the "infertility" of the Chinese word formation. The preference of the Chinese language for new combinations of used words over the creation of total new Chinese words in modern times constitutes a major difference between the formation of English words and the formation of Chinese words in modern times.
25
Susan Ita Ukpabio, Escor Effiong Udosen, Ekpoanwan Alfred Bassey, and Maryjane Ogechi Ejiako. "Word compounding as a morphological process in Efik language." Open Access Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 6, no. 2 (December 30, 2023): 028–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.53022/oarjms.2023.6.2.0042.
Full textAbstract:
This study was carried out to examine Word Compounding as a morphological process in Efik Language. Compounding is a word formation process based on the combination of lexical elements. Words can be considered as a complex part in language since it has many different forms. Compound words are words formed through one of the word formation processes by combining one lexical item with another and thus produces a new word with a new meaning. This research work investigates to know how compound words are formed in Efik language. This work describes the forms of compound words, the meaning of words in their individual lexical categories as well as the meaning of words in their compounded state. It was discovered that some compound words in Efik could be literally realized or figuratively realized when undergoing the word formation process of compounding. It was also discovered that lexical categories resulting from the process of compounding are noun compound, verb compound, adjective compound and reduplication in the case of adverb. Most of the times, coined Efik counterparts of words are formed mostly by compounding and analogy. The use of English equivalents for compound words by the Efik-English bilinguals in their code-mixing utterance counts as an appropriate statement or reply. Sometimes, just as word compounding is in English, so it is Efik
26
Abdullabekova, Umsalimat Bagautdinovna. "Structural-typological description of beekeeping terms in the Kumyk, Russian and English languages." Филология: научные исследования, no. 5 (May 2021): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0749.2021.5.35345.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of this research is the word-forming structure of beekeeping terms in the Kumyk, Russian and English languages. The article describes the distinctive features of terminological word formation in the area of “beekeeping” in the aforementioned languages. For determining the type of word formation, the author uses the number and composition of the components. The similarities in common literary and terminological word formation are identified. It is demonstrated that in the corresponding terminology of the Kumyk language prevail the terminological phrases. The prevalence of phrases in the languages under reviews is explained by the fact that the term not only denotes the concept, but to a certain extent reflects to its content. This requires the creation of mainly terms-phrases that can reflect the characteristics of the concept to the fullest. On the other hand, the growing number of terminological phrases in the Kumyk language indicates that beekeeping terms in the Kumyk language are translated from the Russian language, therefore part of the terms first appear as a result of clarification of their meaning. Whole terms comprise approximately 30% of all terms of the corpus. These terms are naturally included in the terminological phrases as the nuclear words and defining in the terminological phrases. In beekeeping terminology of tge Kumyk and English languages, prevail N/R + N/R models, which the authors believe is a reflection of common literary word formation.
27
Англицкас, Вайдотас. "On Conversion and Inflectional Derivation." Kalbotyra 37, no. 3 (December 1, 1987): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.1987.22190.
Full textAbstract:
The study of English and Lithuanian non-affixal deverbal nouns shows that conversion in English and inflectional derivation in Lithuanian are two different ways of word-formation. The creation of a word through conversion involves the formation of a new word stem without using any formal means within the word, the inflection having the only function – that of distinguishing between different words and forms. In Lithuanian a new word may be coined through change of the paradigm, one and the same stem being used for the formation of categorically different words.
28
Al-Salman, Saleh, and Ahmad S. Haider. "COVID-19 trending neologisms and word formation processes in English." Russian Journal of Linguistics 25, no. 1 (December 15, 2021): 24–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-2021-25-1-24-42.
Full textAbstract:
The surge of new words and phrases accompanying the sudden COVID-19 outbreak has created new lexical and sociolinguistic changes that have become part of our lives. The emergence of COVID-19s coinages has remarkably increased to establish a trending base of global neologisms. The present study attempts to investigate the nature of the new English words and expressions that emerged in the wake of the COVID-19 crisis. It also identifies the type of word-formation processes that contributed to the emergence of these neologisms in the English language. The researchers compiled a corpus of 208 COVID-19-inspired neologisms from different sources, including social networking websites, search engines, blogs, and news articles. The analysis revealed that word-formation processes were so varied to cover all possible forms of derivation, including affixation, compounding, blending, clipping, acronyms, among others, along with dual word-formation processes, with compounding and blending being the most discrete. The findings showed that the flux of new terms demonstrates the creativity and vitality of the English language to respond to emerging situations in times of crisis. The study recommends that further research be carried out on the new terms that have been transferred to other languages as loanwords, loan-translations and loan-blends.
29
Abdullah M Alharthi, Raghad. "Strategies of Translating Word Formation in James Joyce’s Ulysses from English into Arabic." Arab World English Journal, no. 286 (August 30, 2022): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/th.286.
Full textAbstract:
The present study investigates strategies for translating word formation in Ulysses (1922) by James Joyce. The study also identifies the translation strategies used by an Arabic translator to render neologisms in the novel into the target language. The study draws on the Venuti model of translation. Applying the Venuti model to the translations of word formations into Arabic will test their adequacy. Different new words resulting from the word formation process were used in the selected data. The findings show that these new words were translated into Arabic using different strategies. The Arabic translator used literal translation in many cases of word formation due to the lack of similar equivalent words in the target language. The study shows that the Arabic translator tries to imitate Joyce by coining words in Arabic. The study should be continued in further analyses that use other data to prove that the Venuti model is not sufficient for translating this type of literary text
30
Mandala, Intan Riany. "Slang in “If You Know What Happened in MCI”." RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa 4, no. 2 (October 26, 2018): 132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jr.4.2.741.132-137.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract—This study classifies the form and formation of slang as a kind of an extra-linguistic form. To achieve the objective, the theory of word formation (Ridwan, 2003) was used. Data were obtained from “If You Know What Happened in MCI” novel. Referential method was made use in analyzing the data. The results of data analysis show that slang language occurs not only at the word level, but also at phrase and clause level. The majority, however, occurs at the word level. Language types included in the slang construction are not bound to one language but of many kinds, such as Indonesian, English, local language, mixture of two different languages and some of unrecognizable languages which were intensely code-mixed. Slang are formed through ten processes: coinage; borrowing; compounding; blending; clipping; conversion; back formation; acronym; derivation; multiple processes. Future nature of language would be adding on the existing theory of word formation, particularly that of morphological process of new words formation.
Keywords: Slang; word formation; “If You Know What Happened in MCI” novel
31
Korotkina, Irina B. "Teaching Academic English Corpus Trough Word-formation." Higher Education in Russia 28, no. 2 (March 8, 2019): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2019-28-2-94-103.
Full textAbstract:
Classical elements permeate global academic discourse and scientific terminology. Understanding the meanings and functioning of these elements can help multilingual scholars cope with disciplinary literature and write for publication and is therefore essential in teaching English for academic and specific purposes. However, few manuals on academic vocabulary explore word-formation in-depth or use it as a tool to alleviate learning through analysis and synthesis rather than memorizing words. Russian, as many other European languages, is a synthetic language in which affixation is as productive as in Latin. The paper presents a well-designed and approbated course of academic vocabulary for social scientists, analyses relationships between linguistic studies and teaching academic vocabulary, and discusses the ways of increasing the effectiveness and clarity of teaching by more systematic study of classical elements, enhancing students’ analytical skills through innovative methodology and using the advantages of similarities between Russian and Latin word-formation. Comparative analysis demonstrates that the key features of the course, such as interactive computer-based visual materials and various analytical tasks involving students’ background knowledge and academic awareness, help students not only decipher unknown words, but also produce neologisms, which is essential in coping with new terminology. Published as a book, Academic Vocabulary for Social Sciences is now available for teachers, students and researchers as a resource for study and self-study. The effectiveness of the approach demonstrates that it can be used as a model to design similar specific vocabulary courses for students of other synthetic languages.
32
Perfilieva, Natalia V., and Inna I. Galankina. "Elements of Incorporation in the Russian Commercial Naming." RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 10, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 775–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2019-10-4-775-788.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the problem of word formation incorporation in the Russian language. Incorporation is understood as the merger of two or more words into one morphological whole without the participation of word-forming formants, in which the value of the derivative is transformed in relation to the values of the original words. The derivatives of incorporation are called incorporation complexes. Components of incorporated complexes are classified as quasi-morphemes, which are special elements that do not correspond to the classical notion of lexical or word-forming units. A review of scientific papers on incorporation in the languages of the world demonstrates different approaches to this phenomenon and terminological differences in its definition. Incorporation has been a subject of study for more than a century as an essential characteristic of polysynthetic and analytical languages. In relation to inflectional Russian, this phenomenon has not been systematically described, which determines the relevance of the study and its analysis in this article. This linguistic phenomenon in the Russian language is relatively recent and, of course, requires scientific evaluation. The authors set a goal to determine the boundaries of word-formation incorporation in the Russian language and its differences from similar derivational models. The article considers the incorporation on the basis of the Russian commercial name. The material is collected by the method of continuous sampling from Internet sites. Incoporation complexes are selected among commercial names or ergonyms, which are signs of grocery stores, restaurants, cafes and other commercial establishments. As a result of the research, the classification of ergonyms formed according to the incorporated word-formation model in the modern Russian language is developed. The study is of great interest, as it offers an analysis of the trend actively developing in inflectional Russian. The method of contrastive analysis is used to compare similar examples from modern English. Lexical units from the English language have become the object of study, as the models of word formation of the English language are borrowed together with words. A significant group of examples of Russian ergonyms with borrowed components, among which English-language segments predominate, is also highlighted. The presence of incorporation in the Russian language, in particular, in commercial naming is considered as proof of the universality of certain linguistic phenomena in word formation.
33
Yenikeyeva, Saniya, and Olga Klymenko. "Synergy of modern English word-formation system." Linguistics and Culture Review 5, S1 (October 5, 2021): 1110–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5ns1.1495.
Full textAbstract:
The article focuses on the study of synergetic approach to the principles of Modern English word-formation system structural organization and development. Word-formation is regarded as a complex open non-equilibrium system with non-linear scenarios of development. The structural organization of the English language in general and word-formation endo-system in particular ensures their ability to self-organize via accepting and adapting new language units, meanings and functions (in terms of synergetic – innovative substance, energy and information) or their dissipation. Special attention is paid to the phenomenon of language units’ functional trans orientation which contributes to the enrichment of word-forming devices and leads to the improvement of verb creative mechanisms.
34
Sadullaev, Denis Bakhtiyorovich. "FEATURES OF THE FORMATION AND BECOMING OF PHILOSOPHICAL CONCEPTS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE AS A REFLECTION OF CARDINAL CHANGES IN SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT." CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 02, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-12-34.
Full textAbstract:
This article is aimed at a historical and linguistic analysis of the formation of English philosophical terms. The process of the formation of the English nation, which was intensively continuing during the analyzed period, proceeded in parallel with the spread of both oral and written national English. During the analyzed period, the vocabulary of the English language includes a significant number of new words; at the same time, both the process of borrowing words from ancient and modern languages and the entire system of word production are activated. The article also makes an attempt at the author's interpretation of the problem of the peculiarities of the formation and development of the English philosophy of the Renaissance (XYI-XYII centuries) in the aspect of the categorical-conceptual language from the point of view of philosophy.
35
Yu, Rongmei. "On Expansion and Features of Word-formation between English and Chinese New Words." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 10, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 928. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1008.10.
Full textAbstract:
The most important tool for expressing thoughts and communicating information among people--- language has emerged some main changes as the development of modern science and technology. Thousands of new words have emerged in both English and Chinese. Their emergence reflects the new things; new thoughts and new ideas appeared in the fast developing society. This paper starts with the history of the study of word-formation, analyzes the main methods of word-formation of new words of English and Chinese, then compares their features of word-formation. Although English and Chinese belong to the different language system, their main methods of word-formation are the same. The reason leading to the distinction is the difference of each other’s culture, history and tradition. The biggest difference between them is: English is phonogram, but Chinese lays stress on matching the meaning. This also makes them show remarkable differences in absorbing and assimilating the loanwords. Using abundant examples and materials, the paper expounds the similarities and differences between them in different aspects, According to the study of these comparisons, it will do favor for us to find out English and Chinese new words’ features and their trend of development.
36
Oschepkova, Victoria, and Elizaveta Razheva. "Analysis of word-formation processes in the English and Russian thematic groups “insectophones”." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 21014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021021014.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the consideration of derivative processes in the English and Russian thematic groups “insectophones” / «инсектофоны». Due to the diversity of the compared languages, the features of word formation in the studied groups are revealed and the processes of occurrence of insectophones in the language are described. For the English language, the key methods are derivation methods such as stem composition, suffixation, back derivation and conversion. The most productive is the stem composition. For the Russian language within the framework of the studied thematic group, the leading methods can be called the same as in English with the exception of conversion. In Russian, the most common way of forming insectophones is suffixation. In both languages, insectophones formed using diminutive suffixes, which subsequently lost the meaning of subjective assessment, are identified. In compound words in English and Russian, the place of the repeating element is different (in English - in the second place, in Russian - in the first one).
37
Haman, Ewa, Andrea Zevenbergen, Melissa Andrus, and Marta Chmielewska. "Coining Compounds and Derivations - A Crosslinguistic Elicitation Study of Word-Formation Abilities of Preschool Children and Adults in Polish and English." Polish Psychological Bulletin 40, no. 4 (January 1, 2009): 176–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s10059-009-0013-3.
Full textAbstract:
Coining Compounds and Derivations - A Crosslinguistic Elicitation Study of Word-Formation Abilities of Preschool Children and Adults in Polish and English This paper examines word-formation abilities in coining compounds and derivatives in preschool children and adult speakers of two languages (English and Polish) differing in overall word-formation productivity and in favoring of particular word-formation patterns (compounding vs. derivation). An elicitation picture naming task was designed to assess these abilities across a range of word-formation categories. Adult speakers demonstrated well-developed word-formation skills in patterns both typical and non-typical for their native language. In contrast with adult results, preschool children predominantly coined innovations conforming to the general pattern of their language: Polish children favoring derivation and American children favoring compounding. The results show that although children are improving their wordformation skills during the preschool years, they need much more experience to come to the mature proficiency in using the variety of word-formation patterns available in their language.
38
Blaženović, Nenad, Sanel Hadžiahmetović Jurida, and Emir Muhić. "ENGLISH WORD FORMATION ON THE INTERNET." SCIENCE International Journal 3, no. 1 (March 14, 2024): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/sciencej0301033b.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines the processes of word-formation in English on the Internet. More specifically, the present paper provides an overview of newly formed words in the context of Internet communication, their categorisation, coupled with analysis and discussion with a view to determining which (if any) word formation processes have been employed in the process of their creation. The paper attempts to capture the current trends of the English language used in popular areas of Internet interactions. The theoretical preliminaries have been divided into two distinct parts - the first half which presents general notions related to internet communication while in the second one the theory behind word-formation processes is presented in order to enable its application to the corpus originating from Internet data used in this study. As for the corpus and methodology in the study, the selected terms and expressions were extracted from various online sources (forum posts, chat logs or game screenshots) and analysed in order to determine which word-formation process they belong to. Hence the sections on abbreviations and acronyms, clips, conversions, compounds and blends, as the most productive word formation processes observed in the study. The study also looks at the popular notions of blog and tweet, as well as a particular focus on leetspeak which deals with words falling into this category but are formed via many different processes. The final section of the paper provides a summary of the findings and a conclusion to the inquiry into the nature of word-formation on the internet.
39
GALSTYAN, Anahit, and Christine ABRAHAMYAN. "THE INFLUENCE OF ENGLISH ON THE ARMENIAN MEDICAL VOCABULARY." Foreign Languages in Higher Education 21, no. 1 (22) (May 15, 2017): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/flhe/2017.21.1.019.
Full textAbstract:
As science grows rapidly, in different languages new terms are created and formed according to certain word formation and grammatical rules. The aim of the current paper is the study of word formation strategies of medical terminology in English and Armenian. The results of the survey reveal that in both languages most medical terms have Greek and Latin origin. Naturally, both languages have enriched their medical terminology by borrowing terms from German, French, in case of English, and Persian, Arabic, Russian, in case of Armenian. Recently many medical terms have paved their way into Armenian either directly from English or via English. Unlike English, where loanwords are mostly used in adapted or partially adapted forms, in Armenian native equivalents are more preferable. The results of the study show that language planning is part of Armenian language policy and government policy, the number of loan translations (calques), loan renditions, loan creations and hybrids are more than the number of loan words in Armenian medical terminology.
40
Dragicevic, Rajna. "Media text as a source for studying new word-formation and lexical semantic changes in modern Serbian." Media Linguistics 10, no. 1 (2023): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu22.2023.106.
Full textAbstract:
Under the influence of globalization in media texts in Serbian language, as well as in all other Slavic languages, many new words, originating from the English language, have appeared. Those words, hybrids, began to fill the dictionaries of neologisms of all Slavic languages, including Serbian dictionaries. They represent a combination of an English stem and a Slavic affix, or vice versa. However, today the creativity goes even further, and more and more Serbian words that appear in media texts are combining affixes that they never had before. Thus, those words are given new grammatical and pragmatic functions. Many of these new words will never move from the sphere of occasionalisms to the sphere of neologisms, i. e. they will never be more widely used. On the one hand, the authors of media texts (first of all, columnists) nowadays take the liberty to cross the boundaries of the word formation and the use of lexemes, in the way that only writers, especially poets could do so far. This paper lists and describes word formation and grammatical innovations associated with the onomatopoeic adverbs, word formation and grammatical innovations with verbs, word formation and semantic innovations associated with diminutive forms, and noun innovations with a zero suffix. It is important to understand that these creative processes the journalist starts with Serbian language and ends with Serbian language, which contains in itself a hidden influence of (anglo-) globalization onto Serbian language. It may also represent a psycholinguistic impact of globalization on the linguistic behavior of Serbian speakers. The same process occurs in other Slavic languages, and the special attention should be given to that, since we are talking about language changes caused by a borrowed model of behavior and thinking.
41
Cheng, Shiyun. "A Contrastive Analysis of Word Formation of English and Chinese Neologisms." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 8, no. 2 (February 1, 2018): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0802.11.
Full textAbstract:
Neologisms refer to the words created to express new things, new concepts and new ideas in written and oral communication. Since the 1980s, the world has entered into an information age. The world has witnessed great changes in political, economic, cultural field. At the same time, China has been carrying out a series of political and economic reforms, which have brought about amazing changes in all social aspects. As a result, a great deal of neologisms have appeared both in English and Chinese. There are three sources of neologisms both in English and Chinese: creating new words with native word elements, adding new meanings to existing words and borrowing new words from other languages. This paper focus on the first one of these three sources: word-formation, and analyzes the similarities and differences of three major ways of word-formation of neologisms in both English and Chinese: compounds, affixations, shortenings.
42
Tkachuk-Miroshnychenko, O. Ye. "CORONASPEAK-2020: WORD-FORMATION ASPECT." Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World, no. 68 (1) (2021): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-6397.2021.1.10.
Full textAbstract:
The article presents a first assessment of the word-stock of “coronaspeak”-2020 — a new language of the Covid-19 pandemic. The English vocabulary is subjected to constant change due to various extralinguistic factors. The Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in the ‘explosion’ of new words. As of today, “coronaspeak” has over 1,000 words with more units appearing each day. The scale of the expansion is unprecedented, which requires reaction of the linguistic community. The article raises the issue of the classification of the “coronaspeak” word-stock. It argues that facilitated by media and social networks new words are changing their status of nonce words to neologisms, which makes the classification untimely and premature. The word-building analysis of 200 new words of “coronaspeak” allows to conclude that the creation of the new “coronavirus” word-stock applies the structural patterns specific for the English language. These various patterns include semantic change in denotation, derivation, compounding, blending, shortening, The analysis of the “coranaspeak” word-stock has demonstrated that the semantic changes in denotation, in particular the extension and the narrowing of a meaning, are scarce, and, hence, non-productive. Affixation, as a word-forming process, has proved semi-productive with the predominantly noun-forming suffixes. Among a limited number of shortenings we have observed final (apocope) and initial (apheresis) clippings, combined with affixation, by adding the suffix — y. Compounding and blending have proved to be highly productive. According to the part of speech classification, most “coronaspeak” compounds and blends are nouns. Of special interest are a group of “coronapuns”, which have demonstrated pragmatic potential.
43
Li, Xiaqing. "The Transition from Comprehensive to Analytical Characteristics of English Language." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 8, no. 9 (September 1, 2018): 1241. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0809.20.
Full textAbstract:
English belongs to the Indo-European language family. It is a language that achieves meaning expression through its own form of inflection, focusing on form, and it is one kind of comprehensive language. Analytical language expresses grammatical meaning through function words, word order, and so on. With the development of language, English has a tendency to develop from comprehensive language to analytical language. In this study, it explains the transitional characteristics of English language from comprehensive characteristics to analytical characteristics from following aspects: reduces or even disappears of English morphological change; the ability of English vocabulary meaning expansion; the multi-use of function words; the powerful grammatical function of the article; the fusion of English and Chinese language; the Chinese loanword in English; the Syntactical phenomenon of English and Chinese language, the complexity of English word formation, the theme-highlight sentence pattern.
44
Xuena, Liu. "LINGUOCULTURAL APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF ENGLISH NEW FORMATIONS." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 13(81) (May 26, 2022): 31–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2022-13(81)-31-33.
Full textAbstract:
Problems of formation of new words in language are relevant in linguistics since its inception, but there is still no consensus on the understanding of neologism in the linguistic sense. In domestic linguistics, neologisms are studied from the standpoint of stylistic, psycholinguistic, denotative, structural and historical theories based on the criteria of novelty of origin, denoted by denotation, novelty of word form and meaning, novelty of unit use in literary language and speech of individual languages. In foreign linguistics, the lexicographic theory of a new word prevails, in the framework of which neologisms include words that are not registered in dictionaries. However, each of these theories has shortcomings due to its relativity in relation to the individual / linguistic community or due to too narrow a focus. In modern neology, the linguistic and cultural approach is promising, from the standpoint of which neologisms are considered as units with culturally significant information. The approaches studied exist due to the definition that neologisms are the result of human activity and can have a cultural impact. The need to develop a linguo-cultural approach is dictated by the fact that the content of neologisms is formed under the influence of both linguistic and culturological factors. The scope of neologisms is another criterion for determining these linguistic phenomena. As part of the linguo-cultural approach in neology, we focus on literary language. National-cultural marking of language new word is also revealed in the analysis of the system of meanings of new words and their associations in lexical-semantic paradigms. The interaction of language and culture is manifested in the distribution of new lexical items from different conceptual areas in different languages.
45
TAHER, Mohamed Mohamed. "COMPOUND WORD FORMATION IN ARABIC LANGUAGE." Rimak International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 3 (May 1, 2022): 645–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.17.37.
Full textAbstract:
The primary aim of this study was to describe compounding structures as they exist in Arabic (CA), something to which traditional Arab grammarians have made only vague reference. The Arabic Compounds (ACs) were selected as one area of study because as far as I know, previous research on this topic has not been sufficient. It was therefore decided to examine the understanding of the scope and the flow of the Arabic language specifically from this angle. The methods employed in the collection and analysis of data were imported from research done in the field of theoretical linguistics mainly in Arabic, English and in few occasions in German. The data on which the research was based required the survey of the most important references in both Arabic and English. This study will therefore examine the variety of ACs and it will suggest, that the phenomenon of (نحت ,(a grammatical process which has its roots in Standard Arabic (SA) is also a type of compounding, (compounding by omission). It will also suggest that the frequency of usage of different compounds in Arabic will continue to increase as a result of the importation and consumption of words from other languages for example technical jargon, product names and media terminology. Examples of the above will be provided. It is hoped that this will help to establish cross-linguistic similarity/diversity rules which may possibly serve the broad influence of the Universal Grammar (UG(. Keywords: Compound Word, Arabic Language, Media Terminology.
46
Roig-Marín, Amanda. "The Anglicisation of word formations: cross-linguistic blends in Spanish." English Today 33, no. 4 (December 29, 2016): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078416000614.
Full textAbstract:
Whereas the influence of English in form of Anglicisms has attracted considerable attention, little has been written on how English is interacting with autochthonous word-formation processes in modern languages. The present paper attempts to shed some light on a phenomenon that has been very recently attested in Spanish: the coinage of blend words involving overlap and combination of material from both English and the recipient language (in this case Spanish). I argue that these ad hoc words give us important insights into the state and status of English in what Kachru (1982) called the ‘Expanding Circle’.
47
Alexiadou, Artemis. "On the morphosyntax of synthetic compounds with proper names: A case study on the diachrony of Greek." Word Structure 13, no. 2 (July 2020): 189–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/word.2020.0167.
Full textAbstract:
This paper discusses the formation of synthetic compounds with proper names. While these are possible in English, Greek disallows such formations. However, earlier stages of the language allowed such compounds, and in the modern language formations of this type are possible as long as they contain heads that are either bound roots or root- derived nominals of Classical Greek origin. The paper builds on the following ingredients: a) proper names are phrases; b) synthetic compounding in Modern Greek involves incorporation, and thus proper names cannot incorporate; c) by contrast, English synthetic compounds involve phrasal movement, and thus proper names can appear within compounds in this language. It is shown that in earlier Greek, proper names had the same status as their English counterparts, hence the possibility of synthetic compounds with proper names. It is further argued that the formations that involve bound/archaic roots are actually cases of either root compounding or root affixation and not synthetic compounds.
48
Baram, Laila Othman, and Aram Kamil Noori. "Blend Words and Their Influence on the Lexicon and Future of English Language." Journal of University of Human Development 5, no. 3 (July 8, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v5n3y2019.pp43-48.
Full textAbstract:
This research studies the widening range of forming and using blend (portmanteau) words in English language. It sheds light on the fact that most blend words are exocentric not only for second language learners but also to natives too, since they have not been listed in English dictionaries. Even if listed; still the continuous process of forming blend words will leave no room to catch up with listing all of them. English nowadays has become the most dominant language and at the same time it has been influenced by some factors as much as it has been influential. In terms of word formation processes especially blending, one can realize how rapidly and unexpectedly new words are coined for new purposes in accordance with daily life needs. In this era of speed; English native speakers, as their nature, do like to economize in their word choice especially in their word formation processes such as blending, acronyms, clipping and all types of abbreviations. In fact, the inevitability of life change as the result of daily life’s needs inventions influences English language in many ways. In addition, the policy of economizing and being selective reflects well on letter choice and word forming processes. In relation to this, the consequences of life change can be noted in studying blend forms in English. Some simple examples are: blunch, chexting, spork, feminar, brinner, brunch, fanzin, hubot, smog, etc. In a nut shell, the research states the inevitable and intriguing change of English words in the process of blending in which two or more words are cut and mixed together to form a new form, called a blend word. One basic point here is that a blend word is not simply one word; brinner as an example is formed from three other words (breakfast + lunch + dinner) to describe a situation in which you just have one meal instead of the three. Most of blend words have not so far been listed in English dictionaries. So this continuous process of forming new words does a great change to English vocabularies now and in the upcoming years.
49
Lee, Chulwoo. "Cognitive Linguistic Analysis of Loanwords of Korean Language: Focusing on the English Loanwords ‘Konglish’." Korean Society of Culture and Convergence 45, no. 7 (July 31, 2023): 723–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33645/cnc.2023.07.45.07.723.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this paper is to interpret cognitive linguistically the method of word formation of ‘Konglish’, English loanwords with two etymological origins. According to the etymology of Konglish and the etymology of the original English language, it is classified into Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3, and it is intended to examine that most of the mechanisms of word formation are formed in the way of metonymy. In particular, among the methods of metonymy, it can be seen that a lot of Konglish was formed centering on the shape of objects and aspects of human behavior, which proves that the most simple thing to think about when words are created is visual phenomena. However, if you look at Konglish from the perspective of conceptual blending, you can see that word formation is made in a different way from the original English language. In other words, while the original English language focuses on the result of using a certain object or the function or use of an object, Konglish focuses on the primary form that is visually visible.
50
Camp, Honz. "Morphology in English." Macrolinguistics and Microlinguistics 1, no. 2 (April 18, 2020): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/mami.v1n2.7.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to understand and explain the meaning of morphology in English in general. In addition, this research is also intended to understand and explain the meaning of morpheme and various morphemes in English. Morphology is the study of word structure. Morphology is a branch of linguistics that identifies the basic units of language as grammatical units. As in English, morphology is known as the science that studies word formation. The intricacies of morphemes and words in this section will be discussed in detail.