Journal articles: 'English literature English literature National characteristics'

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Svirchev, L., Y. Li, L. Yan, C. He, and B. L. Ma. "(A37) Characteristics and Evaluation of China's Earthquake Disaster Management Systems." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11000501.

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BackgroundThis presentation summarizes our ongoing hybrid sociological-geological research into China's earthquake disaster management systems. Our methodology is a grounded research approach, based firstly on field observations related to the Wenchuan earthquake, including interviews with survivors and professionals responsible for disaster management; secondly on an extensive review of the English-language disaster management literature. China's earth scientists, frequently in collaboration with international scientists, have created a substantial English-language literature, but the social literature on disasters in China is scant. China's geographic variation is complex, with significant fault lines criss-crossing the nation.DiscussionApproximately half of the population lives in areas with a high risk of earthquakes. The two most-devastating of these since 1949 were the 1976 point-source Tangshan earthquake with mortality of 242,419, and the 2008 huge-area Wenchuan earthquake with mortality of 69,226. Our research has found that China's earthquake disaster management systems at the local, provincial, and national levels respond rapidly to earthquakes. National mobilization for rescue-relief after the Tangshan earthquake began within six hours, and within two hours for the Wenchuan earthquake. These systems are also characterized by reconstruction planning that functions in parallel to, and melds into, the relief effort streams. China's major infrastructure projects, such as hydro-electric power dams, are designed to resist extreme earthquake; however, rural mountain populations and the historic built-environment have low earthquake resistance, conditions which will endure for a long time.ConclusionsAs a result of the Wenchuan earthquake, China has undertaken ambitious three-dimensional monitoring and response programs. We recommend studies and action to reconnoiter, investigate, and prevent population exposure to geo-hazards, particularly in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In summary, China excels at disaster response but has not yet entered a development era of preventing the population's exposure to earthquake hazards.

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Light, Ivan, Min Zhou, and Rebecca Kim. "Transnationalism and American Exports in an English-Speaking World." International Migration Review 36, no. 3 (September 2002): 702–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2002.tb00101.x.

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Investigating the relationship between immigration, middleman minority status, transnationalism, and U.S. foreign trade, the authors assembled a census-based data file that contains aggregate-level variables for 88 foreign-born groups by national origin between 1980 and 1990. They regressed immigrant characteristics and immigration volume upon time-lagged import/export statistics from the same 88 nations between 1985 and 1995. Results show the independent influence on exports of immigrant entrepreneurship, transnationalism, and middleman minority status. But these variables, exhaustively derived from the existing literature, had no effect on U.S. imports; they only affected exports. The authors propose that the discrepancy between imports and exports arises because of the dominance of English as a world business language. In this situation, foreigners need no help from immigrants when they export to the United States; but native-born, monolingual Americans need the help of bicultural immigrants when they export. The empirical results suggest that immigrant entrepreneurs enhance the United States' exports and thus reduce the United States' balance of payments deficit.

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Rodríguez-Lozano, FJ, MR Sáez-Yuguero, and A. Bermejo-Fenoll. "Orofacial Problems in Musicians: A Review of the Literature." Medical Problems of Performing Artists 26, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2011.3024.

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Objectives: The objective of our study was to review the different pathologies of the stomatognathic system that can present in musicians as a result of playing their instruments. Design: The National Library of Medicine’s PubMed database was searched to identify all peer-reviewed articles in the English literature dealing with orofacial problems in musicians, using both subject headings such as MeSH terms (PubMed) and free text words in combination (oral, musician, violin, wind instruments, vocalists, orthodontic, tooth, temporomandibular disorders [TMD]). The identified studies were assessed independently by two authors. We included any instruments that involved the orofacial area: i.e., wind and brass instruments, vocalists, and violins and violas. Results: Thirty-two articles were selected that were of many different types (clinical reviews, longitudinal and transverse studies of therapeutic procedures, case-control studies). Among orofacial problems, the most common disorders that affect musicians are TMDs, herpes simplex virus infections, orthodontic problems, and problems with perioral musculature. Conclusions: Musicians may suffer from pathological conditions that are worsened by their occupation due to excessive practice and stress. These conditions can cause permanent injuries that subsequently prevent the musicians from playing. Depending on the characteristics of the musical instrument and the way it is played, professional musicians generally show a propensity for buccodental problems.

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Amit, Mr. "Romanticism: Characteristics, Themes and Poets." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 9, no. 5 (May 17, 2021): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v9i5.11034.

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This paper examines about Romanticism or Romantic era, themes and some famous writers, poets and poems of romantic era. Romanticism is one of the repetitive topics that are connected to either creative mind, vision, motivation, instinct, or independence. The subject frequently condemns the past, worries upon reasonableness, disconnection of the essayist and pays tribute to nature. Gone before by Enlightenment, Romanticism brought crisp verse as well as extraordinary books in English Literature. Begun from England and spread all through Europe including the United States, the Romantic development incorporates well known journalists, for example, William Wordsworth, Coleridge, Keats, Lord Byron, Shelley, Chatterton, and Hawthorne. ‘Romantic’ has been adjusted from the French word romaunt that implies a story of Chivalry. After two German scholars Schlegel siblings utilized this word for verse, it changed into a development like an epidemic and spread all through Europe. Romanticism in English writing started during the 1790s with the distribution of the Lyrical Ballads of William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Wordsworth's "Preface" to the subsequent version (1800) of Lyrical Ballads, in which he portrayed verse as the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings", turned into the statement of the English Romantic development in verse. The first phase of the Romantic movement in Germany was set apart by advancements in both substance and artistic style and by a distraction with the mysterious, the intuitive and the heavenly. An abundance of abilities, including Friedrich Hölderlin, the early Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Jean Paul, Novalis, Ludwig Tieck, A.W. what's more, Friedrich Schlegel, Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder, and Friedrich Schelling, have a place with this first phase. The second phase of Romanticism, involving the period from around 1805 to the 1830s, was set apart by a reviving of social patriotism and another regard for national roots, as bore witness to by the accumulation and impersonation of local old stories, people songs and verse, society move and music, and even recently disregarded medieval and Renaissance works. The resuscitated recorded appreciation was converted into creative composition by Sir Walter Scott, who is frequently considered to have imagined the verifiable novel. At about this equivalent time English Romantic verse had arrived at its peak in progress of John Keats, Lord Byron, and Percy Bysshe Shelley.

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Torres, Jaime Rafael, Tomás Agustín Orduna, Maricela Piña-Pozas, Daniela Vázquez-Vega, and Elsa Sarti. "Epidemiological Characteristics of Dengue Disease in Latin America and in the Caribbean: A Systematic Review of the Literature." Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8045435.

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Dengue, an important mosquito-borne virus transmitted mainly byAedes aegypti, is a major public health issue in Latin America and the Caribbean. National epidemiological surveillance systems, usually based on passive detection of symptomatic cases, while underestimating the true burden of dengue disease, can provide valuable insight into disease trends and excess reporting and potential outbreaks. We carried out a systematic review of the literature to characterize the recent epidemiology of dengue disease in Latin America and the English-speaking and Hispanic Caribbean Islands. We identified 530 articles, 60 of which met criteria for inclusion. In general, dengue seropositivity across the region was high and increased with age. All four virus serotypes were reported to circulate in the region. These observations varied considerably between and within countries and over time, potentially due to climatic factors (temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity) and their effect on mosquito densities and differences in socioeconomic factors. This review provides important insight into the major epidemiological characteristics of dengue in distinct regions of Latin America and the Caribbean, allowing gaps in current knowledge and future research needs to be identified.

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Шарма Сушіл Кумар. "Indo-Anglian: Connotations and Denotations." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 45–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2018.5.1.sha.

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A different name than English literature, ‘Anglo-Indian Literature’, was given to the body of literature in English that emerged on account of the British interaction with India unlike the case with their interaction with America or Australia or New Zealand. Even the Indians’ contributions (translations as well as creative pieces in English) were classed under the caption ‘Anglo-Indian’ initially but later a different name, ‘Indo-Anglian’, was conceived for the growing variety and volume of writings in English by the Indians. However, unlike the former the latter has not found a favour with the compilers of English dictionaries. With the passage of time the fine line of demarcation drawn on the basis of subject matter and author’s point of view has disappeared and currently even Anglo-Indians’ writings are classed as ‘Indo-Anglian’. Besides contemplating on various connotations of the term ‘Indo-Anglian’ the article discusses the related issues such as: the etymology of the term, fixing the name of its coiner and the date of its first use. In contrast to the opinions of the historians and critics like K R S Iyengar, G P Sarma, M K Naik, Daniela Rogobete, Sachidananda Mohanty, Dilip Chatterjee and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak it has been brought to light that the term ‘Indo-Anglian’ was first used in 1880 by James Payn to refer to the Indians’ writings in English rather pejoratively. However, Iyengar used it in a positive sense though he himself gave it up soon. The reasons for the wide acceptance of the term, sometimes also for the authors of the sub-continent, by the members of academia all over the world, despite its rejection by Sahitya Akademi (the national body of letters in India), have also been contemplated on. References Alphonso-Karkala, John B. (1970). Indo-English Literature in the Nineteenth Century, Mysore: Literary Half-yearly, University of Mysore, University of Mysore Press. Amanuddin, Syed. (2016 [1990]). “Don’t Call Me Indo-Anglian”. C. D. Narasimhaiah (Ed.), An Anthology of Commonwealth Poetry. Bengaluru: Trinity Press. B A (Compiler). (1883). Indo-Anglian Literature. Calcutta: Thacker, Spink and Co. PDF. Retrieved from: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=rByZ2RcSBTMC&pg=PA1&source= gbs_selected_pages&cad=3#v=onepage&q&f=false ---. (1887). “Indo-Anglian Literature”. 2nd Issue. Calcutta: Thacker, Spink and Co. PDF. Retrieved from: http://www.jstor.org/stable/60238178 Basham, A L. (1981[1954]). The Wonder That Was India: A Survey of the History and Culture of the Indian Sub-Continent before the Coming of the Muslims. Indian Rpt, Calcutta: Rupa. PDF. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/TheWonderThatWasIndiaByALBasham Bhushan, V N. (1945). The Peacock Lute. Bomaby: Padma Publications Ltd. Bhushan, V N. (1945). The Moving Finger. Bomaby: Padma Publications Ltd. Boria, Cavellay. (1807). “Account of the Jains, Collected from a Priest of this Sect; at Mudgeri: Translated by Cavelly Boria, Brahmen; for Major C. Mackenzie”. Asiatick Researches: Or Transactions of the Society; Instituted In Bengal, For Enquiring Into The History And Antiquities, the Arts, Sciences, and Literature, of Asia, 9, 244-286. PDF. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.104510 Chamber’s Twentieth Century Dictionary [The]. (1971). Bombay et al: Allied Publishers. Print. Chatterjee, Dilip Kumar. (1989). Cousins and Sri Aurobindo: A Study in Literary Influence, Journal of South Asian Literature, 24(1), 114-123. Retrieved from: http://www.jstor.org/ stable/40873985. Chattopadhyay, Dilip Kumar. (1988). A Study of the Works of James Henry Cousins (1873-1956) in the Light of the Theosophical Movement in India and the West. Unpublished PhD dissertation. Burdwan: The University of Burdwan. PDF. Retrieved from: http://ir.inflibnet. ac.in:8080/jspui/bitstream/10603/68500/9/09_chapter%205.pdf. Cobuild English Language Dictionary. (1989 [1987]). rpt. London and Glasgow. Collins Cobuild Advanced Illustrated Dictionary. (2010). rpt. Glasgow: Harper Collins. Print. Concise Oxford English Dictionary [The]. (1961 [1951]). H. W. Fowler and F. G. Fowler. (Eds.) Oxford: Clarendon Press. 4th ed. Cousins, James H. (1921). Modern English Poetry: Its Characteristics and Tendencies. Madras: Ganesh & Co. n. d., Preface is dated April, 1921. PDF. Retrieved from: http://hdl.handle.net/ 2027/uc1.$b683874 ---. (1919) New Ways in English Literature. Madras: Ganesh & Co. 2nd edition. PDF. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.31747 ---. (1918). The Renaissance in India. Madras: Madras: Ganesh & Co., n. d., Preface is dated June 1918. PDF. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.203914 Das, Sisir Kumar. (1991). History of Indian Literature. Vol. 1. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. Encarta World English Dictionary. (1999). London: Bloomsbury. Gandhi, M K. (1938 [1909]). Hind Swaraj Tr. M K Gandhi. Ahmedabad: Navajivan Publishing House. PDF. Retrieved from: www.mkgandhi.org/ebks/hind_swaraj.pdf. Gokak, V K. (n.d.). English in India: Its Present and Future. Bombay et al: Asia Publishing House. PDF. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.460832 Goodwin, Gwendoline (Ed.). (1927). Anthology of Modern Indian Poetry, London: John Murray. PDF. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.176578 Guptara, Prabhu S. (1986). Review of Indian Literature in English, 1827-1979: A Guide to Information Sources. The Yearbook of English Studies, 16 (1986): 311–13. PDF. Retrieved from: https://www.jstor.org/stable/3507834 Iyengar, K R Srinivasa. (1945). Indian Contribution to English Literature [The]. Bombay: Karnatak Publishing House. PDF. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/ indiancontributi030041mbp ---. (2013 [1962]). Indian Writing in English. New Delhi: Sterling. ---. (1943). Indo-Anglian Literature. Bombay: PEN & International Book House. PDF. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/IndoAnglianLiterature Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. (2003). Essex: Pearson. Lyall, Alfred Comyn. (1915). The Anglo-Indian Novelist. Studies in Literature and History. London: John Murray. PDF. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/in.ernet. dli.2015.94619 Macaulay T. B. (1835). Minute on Indian Education dated the 2nd February 1835. HTML. Retrieved from: http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00generallinks/macaulay/ txt_minute_education_1835.html Mehrotra, Arvind Krishna. (2003). An Illustrated History of Indian Literature in English. Delhi: Permanent Black. ---. (2003[1992]). The Oxford India Anthology of Twelve Modern Indian Poets. New Delhi: Oxford U P. Minocherhomji, Roshan Nadirsha. (1945). Indian Writers of Fiction in English. Bombay: U of Bombay. Modak, Cyril (Editor). (1938). The Indian Gateway to Poetry (Poetry in English), Calcutta: Longmans, Green. PDF. Retrieved from http://en.booksee.org/book/2266726 Mohanty, Sachidananda. (2013). “An ‘Indo-Anglian’ Legacy”. The Hindu. July 20, 2013. Web. Retrieved from: http://www.thehindu.com/features/magazine/an-indoanglian-legacy/article 4927193.ece Mukherjee, Sujit. (1968). Indo-English Literature: An Essay in Definition, Critical Essays on Indian Writing in English. Eds. M. K. Naik, G. S. Amur and S. K. Desai. Dharwad: Karnatak University. Naik, M K. (1989 [1982]). A History of Indian English Literature. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi, rpt.New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles [The], (1993). Ed. Lesley Brown, Vol. 1, Oxford: Clarendon Press.Naik, M K. (1989 [1982]). A History of Indian English Literature. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi, rpt. Oaten, Edward Farley. (1953 [1916]). Anglo-Indian Literature. In: Cambridge History of English Literature, Vol. 14, (pp. 331-342). A C Award and A R Waller, (Eds). Rpt. ---. (1908). A Sketch of Anglo-Indian Literature, London: Kegan Paul. PDF. Retrieved from: https://ia600303.us.archive.org/0/items/sketchofangloind00oateuoft/sketchofangloind00oateuoft.pdf) Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English. (1979 [1974]). A. S. Hornby (Ed). : Oxford UP, 3rd ed. Oxford English Dictionary [The]. Vol. 7. (1991[1989]). J. A. Simpson and E. S. C. Weiner, (Eds.). Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2nd ed. Pai, Sajith. (2018). Indo-Anglians: The newest and fastest-growing caste in India. Web. Retrieved from: https://scroll.in/magazine/867130/indo-anglians-the-newest-and-fastest-growing-caste-in-india Pandia, Mahendra Navansuklal. (1950). The Indo-Anglian Novels as a Social Document. Bombay: U Press. Payn, James. (1880). An Indo-Anglian Poet, The Gentleman’s Magazine, 246(1791):370-375. PDF. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/stream/gentlemansmagaz11unkngoog#page/ n382/mode/2up. ---. (1880). An Indo-Anglian Poet, Littell’s Living Age (1844-1896), 145(1868): 49-52. PDF. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/stream/livingage18projgoog/livingage18projgoog_ djvu.txt. Rai, Saritha. (2012). India’s New ‘English Only’ Generation. Retrieved from: https://india.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/06/01/indias-new-english-only-generation/ Raizada, Harish. (1978). The Lotus and the Rose: Indian Fiction in English (1850-1947). Aligarh: The Arts Faculty. Rajan, P K. (2006). Indian English literature: Changing traditions. Littcrit. 32(1-2), 11-23. Rao, Raja. (2005 [1938]). Kanthapura. New Delhi: Oxford UP. Rogobete, Daniela. (2015). Global versus Glocal Dimensions of the Post-1981 Indian English Novel. Portal Journal of Multidisciplinary International Studies, 12(1). Retrieved from: http://epress.lib.uts.edu.au/journals/index.php/portal/article/view/4378/4589. Rushdie, Salman & Elizabeth West. (Eds.) (1997). The Vintage Book of Indian Writing 1947 – 1997. London: Vintage. Sampson, George. (1959 [1941]). Concise Cambridge History of English Literature [The]. Cambridge: UP. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.18336. Sarma, Gobinda Prasad. (1990). Nationalism in Indo-Anglian Fiction. New Delhi: Sterling. Singh, Kh. Kunjo. (2002). The Fiction of Bhabani Bhattacharya. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers and Distributors. Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. (2012). How to Read a ‘Culturally Different’ Book. An Aesthetic Education in the Era of Globalization, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. Sturgeon, Mary C. (1916). Studies of Contemporary Poets, London: George G Hard & Co., Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.95728. Thomson, W S (Ed). (1876). Anglo-Indian Prize Poems, Native and English Writers, In: Commemoration of the Visit of His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales to India. London: Hamilton, Adams & Co., Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/ books?id=QrwOAAAAQAAJ Wadia, A R. (1954). The Future of English. Bombay: Asia Publishing House. Wadia, B J. (1945). Foreword to K R Srinivasa Iyengar’s The Indian Contribution to English Literature. Bombay: Karnatak Publishing House. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/ details/indiancontributi030041mbp Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language. (1989). New York: Portland House. Yule, H. and A C Burnell. (1903). Hobson-Jobson: A Glossary of Colloquial Anglo-Indian Words and Phrases, and of Kindred Terms, Etymological, Historical, Geographical and Discursive. W. Crooke, Ed. London: J. Murray. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/ details/hobsonjobsonagl00croogoog Sources www.amazon.com/Indo-Anglian-Literature-Edward-Charles-Buck/dp/1358184496 www.archive.org/stream/livingage18projgoog/livingage18projgoog_djvu.txt www.catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001903204?type%5B%5D=all&lookfor%5B%5D=indo%20anglian&ft= www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B.L._Indo_Anglian_Public_School,_Aurangabad www.everyculture.com/South-Asia/Anglo-Indian.html www.solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?fn=search&ct=search&initialSearch=true&mode=Basic&tab=local&indx=1&dum=true&srt=rank&vid=OXVU1&frbg=&tb=t&vl%28freeText0%29=Indo-Anglian+Literature+&scp.scps=scope%3A%28OX%29&vl% 28516065169UI1%29=all_items&vl%281UIStartWith0%29=contains&vl%28254947567UI0%29=any&vl%28254947567UI0%29=title&vl%28254947567UI0%29=any www.worldcat.org/title/indo-anglian-literature/oclc/30452040

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Kravinskaya, Yulia Yu, and Elena V. Polkhovskaya. "The Specificity of Postcolonial Text of Settler Societies in Australia and New Zealand: A Comparative Aspect." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 458 (2020): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/458/5.

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A brief comparative review of English-language literatures of Australia and New Zealand is given in the article. The aim of the article is to highlight the similarities and differences at the stages of the literary process development from the point of view of postcolonial studies. The historical genesis specificity of the region and the uniqueness of national identity formation at the juncture of colonial and colonized cultures stipulate the definition of Australia and New Zealand as settler societies. Tasks needed to be resolved are to disclose the notion “settler societies”, to determine common characteristics of the studied national literatures as postcolonial ones, to give their comparative outline, to make a textual analysis of a number of literary works which are indicative for each stage of the literary process development. In the course of the study, the authors refer to a comparative historical method of scientific enquiry to highlight similarities in the literary process development and the degree of influence of metropolitan literature on it. They also use a sociological method to estimate the impact of the settler societies development on the literary process and a hermeneutic interpretative method in textual analysis to interpret the transformation of a typical hero at various stages of the literary process in Australia and New Zealand. The article is divided into theoretical and practical parts. In the theoretical part, the authors define “settler societies”, overview the place of “settler” countries in the postcolonial space, and note factors allowing to review the national literatures comparatively as postcolonial ones. In the practical part, the authors characterize three stages of the literary process development observed in the national literatures of Australia and New Zealand, conduct an interpretative analysis of the works in which the prolific features of a typical hero are shown. On conducting the research the authors come to the following conclusions. The national literatures of Australia and New Zealand are under the influence of the metropolitan culture and literaturel, but the relation started to loosen at a contemporary stage of the literary process development due to the formation of the national identities of Australians and New Zealanders. The impact of colonized indigenous peoples’ cultures on the literary process defines the difference between the national literatures. For the countries, the national identity formation is characteristic in the cultural sphere, which makes the further study of identification processes presentation in literary text promising.

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Freeth, Peter Jonathan. "“Germany asks: is it OK to laugh at Hitler?”." Transnational Image Building 10, no. 1 (May 4, 2021): 115–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ts.20003.fre.

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Abstract Within imagological approaches, paratexts can provide insights into how the Other of translated literature is presented to a new target audience. So, within a transnational context, such as Germany and Britain’s shared experience of the Second World War, can the source and target-culture paratexts invoke the same images? Through a case study of Er ist wieder da, a novel that satirises Germany’s relationship with its National Socialist past, and the British publication of the English translation Look Who’s Back, this article finds that while the novel’s humour is reframed by the British publisher, the novel’s controversial position within Germany’s Vergangenheitsbewältigung discourse remains intrinsic to the paratexts published in the British press. As such, this article demonstrates the transnational relevance of individual national characteristics to the paratextual framing of translated literature, the value of paratexts as objects of imagological study, and the methodological benefits of distinguishing between production- and reception-side paratexts.

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Yu, Siyi, Jie Yang, Mingxiao Yang, Yan Gao, Jiao Chen, Yulan Ren, Leixiao Zhang, Liang Chen, Fanrong Liang, and Youping Hu. "Application of Acupoints and Meridians for the Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Data Mining-Based Literature Study." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/752194.

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Background.Dysmenorrhea is a common problem for which acupuncture provides effective analgesia. Although acupoint selection affects the effectiveness of acupuncture, the basic rules of acupoint selection are little understood. This study aims to investigate the principles of acupoint selection and characteristics of acupoints used for primary dysmenorrhea.Methods.PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Chinese Biomedical Database were searched for clinical trials published in English or Chinese from January 1978 to April 2014 evaluating the effect of acupuncture on primary dysmenorrhea, with or without methods of randomization and/or control. Three authors extracted information and two reviewers inputted information on titles, journals, interventions, main acupoints, and outcomes using the self-established Data Excavation Platform of Acupoint Specificity for data mining.Results. Sanyinjiao(SP06),Guanyuan(CV04), andQihai(CV06) were used most frequently. The most frequently used meridians were Conception Vessel, Spleen Meridian of FootTaiyin, and Bladder Meridian of FootTaiyang. 67.24% of acupoints used were specific acupoints. Acupoints on lower limbs were most frequently used.Conclusion.Data mining is a feasible approach to identify the characteristics of acupoint selection. Our study indicated that modern acupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea is based on selection of specific acupoints according to traditional acupuncture theory.

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Afsheen Ekhteyar and Dr.Tariq Umrani. "CPEC in Pakistani Print Media: Transitivity Analysis of English Newspapers’ Articles." Progressive Research Journal of Arts & Humanities (PRJAH) 3, no. 1 (April 7, 2021): 157–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.51872/prjah.vol3.iss1.93.

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The purpose of the study is to scrutinize critically the ideological constructions and discursive features used in Pakistani print media representing economical phenomenon of CPEC. This research has elucidated the ideology through critical discourse analysis (CDA) of the leading English newspapers of a good repute: However, the similar news from the different newspapers as depicted in the various forms that are all ideologically disputed in this perspective including Daily Dawn and The News HE NEWS. These articles on CPEC, the most prevailing economic subject in Pakistan as published during the year 2016-17, have been purposefully selected for this study. Transitivity analysis as an analytical tool has been applied for the analysis of such the articles. By applying Halliday's transitivity system, hence; the study attempts to show how the use of linguistic signals can demonstrate the characteristics and techniques used in Pakistani print media for representing CPEC. Further, this study is comparative in nature, and compares the language used in both the English newspapers for representing CPEC. The findings indicate that CPEC has been presented as an economical subject of national worth in both the newspapers that implies a meaning of PRO-CPEC ideology. The current study is the significant in its originality as it is interdisciplinary study, and its findings are not in line with the exist in literature on media conflict.

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Prytoliuk, Svitlana. "CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE NOTION “MAGICAL REALISM” IN GERMAN LITERATURE." Research Bulletin Series Philological Sciences 1, no. 193 (April 2021): 252–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2522-4077-2021-1-193-252-259.

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The article is devoted to the study of magical realism in German literary criticism, the origins of the term and its conceptual principles are considered. The author of the article relies on the research of German scientists, in particular M. Scheffel, D. Kirchner, H. Roland, T.W. Leine, M. Niehaus, J. Schuster and notes the differences and contradictions in the interpretation of the term, the vagueness of the concept and its heterogeneity. It is emphasized that the period of formation of the magic-realistic method of writing in Germany in the historical perspective generally covers the period from 1920 to 1960 and includes the beginning of the era of National Socialism and the Second World War. In German literature, the term was not immediately established, its assertion and dissemination were hampered by several factors: first, its contradiction, because it combines semantically opposite concepts – “realism”, which directly correlates with reality, the true image of reality, and “magical”, based on the supernatural, fantastic, reaching beyond reality; second, the moment of its origin falls on a rather complex and contradictory period of German history, which is reluctantly mentioned or silenced; third, magical realism has sometimes been mistakenly identified with the notion of “Neue Sachlichkeit”. Analysis of all factors shows that the origin and formation of the magic-realistic method in German literature has its own characteristics and uniqueness and differs from the world-famous examples of Latin American or English literature. As a result, the author notes that German magical realism is historically determined and in many of its examples reflects the traumatic postwar experience with a pronounced inrospectivity and humanistic orientation. As an aesthetic concept, magical realism expands the boundaries of realism: by depicting the objective world in its real dimensions, it focuses its gaze on the unreality hidden behind real objects.

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Bele, Nishikant, Prabin Kumar Panigrahi, and Shashi Kant Srivastava. "Political Sentiment Mining." International Journal of Business Intelligence Research 8, no. 1 (January 2017): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbir.2017010104.

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Investigations on sentiment mining are mostly ensued in the English language. Due to the characteristics of the Indian languages tools and techniques used for sentiment mining in the English language cannot be applied directly to text in Hindi languages. The objective of this paper is to extract the political sentiment at the document-level from Hindi blogs. The authors could not find any literature about extracting sentiments at the document-level from Hindi blogs. They extracted opinion about one of India's very famous leaders who was a prominent face in the national election of 2014. They prepared the datasets from Hindi blogs reviews. They purposed the lexicon and machine learning technique to classify the sentiment. Their purposed method used four steps: (1) Crawling and preprocessing the blog reviews; (2) Extracting reviews relevant to the query using the Vector Space Model (VSM); (3) Identifying sentiment at the document level using the Lexicon method, and (4) Measuring the result using the Machine learning technique. Their experimental result demonstrates the effectiveness of our algorithms.

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Kulmanova, Nurgul, and Muhtar Saduov. "Triage scales, used in inpatient emergency departments (review article)." Journal "Medicine" 7-8, no. 217-218 (January 13, 2021): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31082/1728-452x-2020-217-218-7-8-44-52.

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The article describes different types of sorting scales used in inpatient emergency departments in different countries. Triage scales are designed to optimize patient waiting times according to the severity of their medical condition in order to treat the most intense symptom as quickly as possible and reduce the negative impact on the prognosis of a long delay before starting treatment. The aim of the study is to analyze the literature data describing the scales for triage in the emergency department, their comparative characteristics, and assessment of their reliability and reliability. Material and methods. An online literature research was conducted in databases such as Pubmed, Web of Science and Scopus, as well as on-line publications in Russian and English languages. The following terms were used to search for relevant literature sources: emergency department, triage, emergency severity index. A total of 813 literary sources were found, 37 of which were selected for further analysis. Inclusion criteria: studies performed in people, published in English, Russian, as well as full versions of articles. Exclusion criteria: summary of reports, newspaper publications, personal messages. Results and discussion. Analysis of the literature data allows us to judge a variety of approaches and systems of medical sorting of patients requiring emergency medical care, especially in cases of mass disasters and injuries. Analysis of existing sorting scales has shown that these scales are fivestep and adapted to the region and the health system, but there is no single universal scale. Conclusion. The introduction of structured triage by specially trained medical personnel in the emergency Department helps to accurately identify patients whose lives are at risk, especially during periods of insufficient treatment effectiveness. Therefore, five-level triage systems are recommended by national and international societies of emergency medicine. Keywords: triage, system triage, emergency severity index, emergency department.

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Min, Chen, Mi Xue, Fei Haotian, Li Jialian, and Zhang Lingli. "An overview of the characteristics and quality assessment criteria in systematic review of pharmacoeconomics." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 8, 2021): e0246080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246080.

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Background The systematic review of economic evaluations plays a critical role in making well-informed decisions about competing healthcare interventions. The quality of these systematic reviews varies due to the lack of internationally recognized methodological evaluation standards. Methods Nine English and Chinese databases including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase (Ovid), NHS economic evaluation database (NHSEED) (Ovid), Health Technology Assessment (HTA) database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WangFang, VIP Chinese Science & Technology Periodicals (VIP) and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) were searched. Two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data. The methodological quality of the literature was measured with modified AMSTAR. Data were narrative synthesized. Results 165 systematic reviews were included. The overall methodological quality of the literature was moderate according to the AMSTAR scale. In these articles, thirteen quality assessment tools and 32 author self-defined criteria were used. The three most widely used tools were the Drummond checklist (19.4%), the BMJ checklist (15.8%), the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement (12.7%). Others included the Quality of Health Economic Studies (QHES), the Consensus on Health Economic Criteria (CHEC), the checklist of Center for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD), the Philips checklist, the World Health Organization (WHO) checklist, the checklist of Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP), the Pediatric Quality Appraisal Questionnaire (PQAQ), the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist, Spanish and Chinese guidelines. The quantitative scales used in these literature were the QHES and PQAQ. Conclusions Evidence showed that pharmacoeconomic systematic reviews’ methodology remained to be improved, and the quality assessment criteria were gradually unified. Multiple scales can be used in combination to evaluate the quality of economic research in different settings and types.

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Zareisedehizadeh, Sogand, Chay-Hoon Tan, and Hwee-Ling Koh. "A Review of Botanical Characteristics, Traditional Usage, Chemical Components, Pharmacological Activities, and Safety ofPereskia bleo(Kunth) DC." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/326107.

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Pereskia bleo, a leafy cactus, is a medicinal plant native to West and South America and distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. It is traditionally used as a dietary vegetable, barrier hedge, water purifier, and insect repellant and for maintaining health, detoxification, prevention of cancer, and/or treatment of cancer, hypertension, diabetes, stomach ache, muscle pain, and inflammatory diseases such as dermatitis and rheumatism. The aim of this paper was to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive review of the botanical characteristics, traditional usage, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, and safety ofP. bleo. A literature search using MEDLINE (via PubMed), Science direct, Scopus and Google scholar and China Academic Journals Full-Text Database (CNKI) and available eBooks and books in the National University of Singapore libraries in English and Chinese was conducted. The following keywords were used:Pereskia bleo, Pereskia panamensis, Pereskia corrugata, Rhodocacus corrugatus, Rhodocacus bleo, Cactus panamensis, Cactus bleo, Spinach cactus, wax rose, Perescia, and Chinese rose. This review revealed the association between the traditional usage ofP. bleoand reported pharmacological properties in the literature. Further investigation on the pharmacological properties and phytoconstituents ofP. bleois warranted to further exploit its potentials as a source of novel therapeutic agents or lead compounds.

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Hoshina, Rika Maglente, Taeko Matsuura, Kikuo Umegaki, and Shinichi Shimizu. "A Literature Review of Proton Beam Therapy for Prostate Cancer in Japan." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 1 (January 5, 2019): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8010048.

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Aim: Patients of proton beam therapy (PBT) for prostate cancer had been continuously growing in number due to its promising characteristics of high dose distribution in the tumor target and a sharp distal fall-off. Considering the large number of proton beam facilities in Japan, the further increase of patients undergoing this treatment is due to the emendations by Japanese National Health Insurance (NHI) and the development of medical equipment and technology, it is necessary to know what kind of research and advancements has been done on proton therapy for prostate cancer in the country. For these reasons, this literature review was conducted. The aim of this review is to identify and discuss research studies of proton beam therapy for prostate cancer in Japan. These include observational, interventional, and secondary data analysis of published articles. Method: A literature review on published works related to proton beam therapy for prostate cancer in Japan was conducted using articles that were gathered in the PubMed database of June 2018. We went through abstracts and manuscripts written in English with the keywords ‘proton beam therapy’, ‘prostate cancer’, and ‘Japan’. Results: A total of 23 articles were included. Fourteen articles were observational studies, most of which focused on the adverse effects of Proton Beam Therapy (PBT). Seven articles were interventional studies related on treatment planning, equipment parts, as well as target positioning. Two were secondary data analysis. The included studies were published in 13 different journals by different institutions using various equipment. Conclusion: Despite the favorable results of proton beam therapy, future research should include more patients and longer follow-up schedules to clarify the definitive role of PBT, yet, up to recent retrospective studies, included in this paper, concluded that PBT can be a suitable treatment option for localized prostate cancer. In addition, interventional studies were conducted by several institutions to further embellish proton therapy.

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Rosenthal, Judith W. "BILINGUAL EDUCATION: FROM COMPENSATORY TO QUALITY SCHOOLING.María Estela Brisk. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 1998. Pp. xx + 206. $29.95 paper." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 21, no. 4 (December 1999): 657–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263199214064.

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I am writing this review approximately three months before voters go to the polls in California to decide the fate of Proposition 227, the English for Children Initiative (otherwise known as the Unz Initiative). Whatever the outcome, the fate of bilingual education in California (and, as a consequence, across the United States) will be profoundly affected. Mr. Unz, who opposes bilingual education, is described in a page one article in the New York Times (March 10, 1988) as a person who has no “background in education,” “has never set foot in a bilingual education class,” and “puts no credence in any of the research on either side of the (bilingual) debate.” Brisk, the author of the book under review here, is a proponent of quality bilingual education and draws upon her personal experiences as an educator as well as an enormous body of research and literature to help define the characteristics of effective bilingual programs. She forcefully argues that: “Our society seems to be unable to differentiate between choice of a national language and choice of a language for education,” (p. 31) and she challenges bilingual education's opponents, who she says “in effect would postpone quality education until students master English” (p. 2).

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Kovshova, M. L. "Semantics of Adjective 'radostny' and Conceptualization of the Emotional Evaluation." Critique and Semiotics 39, no. 1 (2021): 159–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2307-1737-2021-1-159-175.

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The article deals with the development and modification of the emotional evaluation of the adjective radostny (English – joyful) in terms of conceptualisation of emotions. The paper includes the comparison of its dictionary definitions, etymological data and interpretation in terms of emotional evaluation. Special attention is paid to the processes of conceptualisation of emotional evaluation by means of the extension of the adjective denotation sphere, denotative shift from perceptible objects to invisible objects, from form to content. As a result, the adjective radostny receives intellectual and aesthetic shades of meaning. The denotative shift referring to negative denotation modifies the dominant category feature – a positive evaluation component. It leads to the weakening and neutralization of the positive evaluation. The analysis of use, as applied to the examples in the Russian National Corpus, verifies the basic characteristics of emotional evaluation (subjectivity and uncertainty) and helps to identify its important characteristics (communicativeness, efficiency, attractiveness). The study takes into account the forms of objectification of radostny evaluation, time factor and typical genres.

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Scheibner, James, Joanna Sleigh, Marcello Ienca, and Effy Vayena. "Benefits, challenges, and contributors to success for national eHealth systems implementation: a scoping review." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 28, no. 9 (June 21, 2021): 2039–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocab096.

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Abstract Objective Our scoping review aims to assess what legal, ethical, and socio-technical factors contribute to or inhibit the success of national eHealth system implementations. In addition, our review seeks to describe the characteristics and benefits of eHealth systems. Materials and Methods We conducted a scoping review of literature published in English between January 2000 and 2020 using a keyword search on 5 databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEEXplore, and ProQuest. After removal of duplicates, abstract screening, and full-text filtering, 86 articles were included from 8276 search results. Results We identified 17 stakeholder groups, 6 eHealth Systems areas, and 15 types of legal regimes and standards. In-depth textual analysis revealed challenges mainly in implementation, followed by ethico-legal and data-related aspects. Key factors influencing success include promoting trust of the system, ensuring wider acceptance among users, reconciling the system with legal requirements, and ensuring an adaptable technical platform. Discussion Results revealed support for decentralized implementations because they carry less implementation and engagement challenges than centralized ones. Simultaneously, due to decentralized systems’ interoperability issues, federated implementations (with a set of national standards) might be preferable. Conclusion This study identifies the primary socio-technical, legal, and ethical factors that challenge and contribute to the success of eHealth system implementations. This study also describes the complexities and characteristics of existing eHealth implementation programs, and suggests guidance for resolving the identified challenges.

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Martynov, B. V., R. S. Martynov, and D. V. Svistov. "Primary germ cell tumors of the central nervous system." Russian journal of neurosurgery 21, no. 3 (September 14, 2019): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1683-3295-2019-21-3-73-82.

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The study objective is to describe current views on pathogenesis, molecular biology, diagnosis, treatment of primary germ cell tumors of the central nervous system, as well as treatment prognosis.Materials and methods. The review includes 51 literature sources (4 in Russian, 47 in English). All articles were published in the last 20 years.Results and conclusion. The review reflects both established principles and characteristics of the national protocol of treatment of germ cell tumors, treatment nuances determined by histological type of the tumor. The most effective treatment method for germ cell tumors are radiation and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. For non-germinal germ cell tumors chemotherapy with subsequent complete removal is optimal. Total tumor resection by itself is the ideal treatment of mature teratomas. In the future, molecular and cytogenetic studies will allow to additionally identify subtypes of germ cell tumors of the central nervous system which will become the basis of new directions for therapy, improved treatment results and methods of prognosis.

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Ma, Zechen, Mark T. Bayley, Laure Perrier, Priya Dhir, Lana Dépatie, Paul Comper, Lesley Ruttan, and Sarah EP Munce. "The association between adverse childhood experiences and traumatic brain injury/concussion in adulthood: A scoping review protocol." BMJ Open 7, no. 10 (October 2017): e018425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018425.

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IntroductionExposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is a significant risk factor for physical and mental illnesses later in life. Concussion or traumatic brain injury is a challenging condition where preinjury factors may interact to affect recovery. The association between ACEs and traumatic brain injury/concussion is not well mapped in any previous reviews of the literature. Using a scoping review methodology, the research question that will be addressed is: what is known from the existing literature about the association between ACEs and traumatic brain injury/concussion in adults?Methods and analysisThe methodological frameworks outlined by Arksey and O’Malley and Levacet alwill be used. All original studies in English published since 2007 investigating ACEs and traumatic brain injury/concussion outcomes will be included with no limitations on study type. Literature search strategies will be developed using medical subject headings and text words related to ACEs and traumatic brain injury/concussions. Multiple electronic databases will be searched. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts for full-text review and full texts for final inclusion. Two independent reviewers will extract data on study characteristics for ACE exposure and traumatic brain injury/concussion outcomes. Extracted data will be summarised quantitatively using numerical counts and qualitatively using thematic analysis.DisseminationThis review will identify knowledge gaps on the associations between ACEs and traumatic brain injury/concussion and promote further research. Knowledge translation will occur throughout the review process with dissemination of project findings to stakeholders at the local, national and international levels.

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Sutherland, Jason M., Shanika Rajapakshe, Trafford Crump, Andrée Chartrand, Guiping Liu, and Ahmer Karimuddin. "Comparing patient-reported outcomes across countries: An assessment of methodological challenges." Journal of Health Services Research & Policy 26, no. 3 (February 7, 2021): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1355819621990696.

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Objectives There is little published literature on the comparison of patient-reported outcomes between countries. This study aimed to assess pre- and postoperative health among samples of patients undergoing elective groin hernia repair procedures in the National Health Service (NHS), England, and groin hernia patients in Vancouver, Canada. Methods We used datasets from two different sources. For the English NHS we used published anonymized patient-level data files which include the EQ-5D(3L) patient-reported outcome measure and a number of demographic and clinical characteristics. For Vancouver, we used data from a sample of Vancouver patients who completed the same instrument during a similar time frame. English patients were matched with Vancouver participant’s characteristics using propensity score methods. A linear regression model was used to measure differences in postoperative visual analogue scale values between countries, adjusting for patient characteristics. Results Our study revealed a range of methodological issues concerning the comparability of patient-reported outcomes following hernia repair surgery in the two health systems. These related to differences in approaches to collecting patient-reported outcome measures and the nature of explanatory variables (self-report vs. administrative data), among other challenges. As a consequence, there were differences between the matched samples and the NHS data, indicating a healthy participant bias. Unadjusted results found that Vancouver patients (N = 280) reported more problems in domains of mobility, self care, usual activities and anxiety/depression than the matched cohort of NHS patients (N = 840). Interpreting differences is challenging given different sampling designs. Conclusions There are significant hurdles facing comparisons of surgical patients’ outcomes between countries, including adjusting for patient differences, health system factors and approaches to survey administration. While between-country comparisons of surgical outcomes using patient-reported outcomes shows significant promise, much work on standardizing sampling design, variables and analytic methods is needed.

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Kharchuk, Liliia. "Presentation of the Ukrainian electric power engineering terminology in national lexicography in the end of the 20th – beginning of the 21st century." Terminological Bulletin, no. 5 (2019): 352–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37919/2221-8807-2019-5-48.

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The lexicographical study of the Ukrainian electric power engineering terminology at the present stage of its development is analyzed and outlined. The characteristics of national explanatory and translation dictionaries that contain the terms of the electric power engineering industry is proposed in this study. It is observed that from 1991 till now the Ukrainian electric power engineering terminological system is at the stage of development, revival and revitalization of terminological searches. During the mentioned period significant number of dictionaries of high quality, providing both teaching of professional disciplines in the Ukrainian language and the creation of the Ukrainian educative literature were published. The analyzed lexicography of the present indicates the existence in Ukrainian terminology of a number of valuable and closely related to the electric power industry lexicographic works, which, to a greater or lesser extent, contain electric power engineering terms that serve the electricity industry with a clearly expressed own terminology. Particularly the specific dictionaries that were published in the end of the 20th – beginning of the 21st century, namely, Brief Russian-Ukrainian Electric Power Engineering Dictionary: 5000 terms created by a team from Lviv Polytechnic National University (Lviv, 1990); Russian-Ukrainian Scientific and Technical Dictionary by V. Perkhach, B. Kinash (Lviv, 1997); Russian-Ukrainian Explanatory Thermal Power Dictionary edited by Ya. Mysak, M. Kruk (Lviv, 2001); Explanatory Russian-Ukrainian-English dictionary on Energy. Basic terms: over 3500 terms edited by А.А. Rudnik (Kharkiv, 1999); Ukrainian-Russian-English-French Explanatory Dictionary of Basic Terms in Power Engineering and Electrical Engineering edited by Ye.S. Yemelianova (Kharkiv, 2012) are analyzed. The research once again showed that modern series of terminology dictionaries should be supplemented by a narrow-sector electric power engineering dictionary of explanatory type. This will promote compliance with standards, unification of Ukrainian electric power engineering terminology, and will prevent divergences in existing normative documents.

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Pameijer, Colette R. J., David Smith, Laurence E. Mccahill, David N. Bimston, Lawrence D. Wagman, and Joshua D. I. Ellenhorn. "Full-Thickness Chest Wall Resection for Recurrent Breast Carcinoma: An Institutional Review and Meta-analysis." American Surgeon 71, no. 9 (September 2005): 711–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480507100903.

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Locoregional recurrence of breast cancer can occur in up to 30 per cent of patients and has often been considered to indicate a poor prognosis. We reviewed our experience with full-thickness chest wall resection for recurrent breast cancer and conducted a meta-analysis of the English literature to determine patient characteristics and outcomes. Twenty-two women with isolated chest wall recurrence of breast cancer were treated between 1970 and 2000 at our institution. We reviewed their preoperative demographics, operative management and outcome, and combined our results with seven other English language studies. A majority of women (90%) underwent a mastectomy as initial management of their breast cancer. Only 18 per cent of patients had meta-static disease at the time of chest wall resection, and 71 per cent of patients had an R0 resection. The 5-year disease-free survival at City of Hope National Medical Center (COH) was 67 per cent and was 45 per cent for the entire group of 400 patients. The 5-year overall survival was 71 per cent for the COH group and 45 per cent for the entire group. Several studies reported prognostic factors, the most common being a better prognosis in patients with a disease-free interval greater than 24 months. Full-thickness chest wall resection for patients with isolated local recurrence of breast cancer can provide long-term palliation and even cure in some patients.

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Honsalies-Munis, Svitlana. "MULTICULTURAL PECULIARITIES OF LINGUACULTURAL REALIA IN THE NOVEL ‘JAZZ’ BY TONY MORRISON." English and American Studies 1, no. 17 (December 22, 2020): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/382018.

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The article deals with the issue of linguistic and cultural realia and their peculiarities in Tony Morrison’s novel «Jazz». The study is carried out in the multicultural aspect and begins with the detailed analysis of the terms ‘multiculturalism’ and ‘multicultural literature’. The theoretical background of the article is based on the works of Taylor, Sanders, Gutmann,Zverev, Tolkachev, Denisova, Tlostanova in which they defined the concept of multiculturalism and dwelled on the issues of ethnic literatures and their peculiarities. The article focuses on the specific features of the multicultural phenomenon in AfricanAmerican society, on the issues of the national identity and language identity of African-Americanpeople. The article outlines the major means of expression the national and cultural code in the artistic text, gives the definition of the term ‘realia’, emphasizes the importance of these linguistic means in conveying the authentic cultural atmosphere of the text. Characteristic features of the novel «Jazz» are analyzed in the research as well as the use of various linguo-cultural devices such as anthroponyms, toponyms, cultural and historical realia, symbols, allusions, cultural myths. The peculiarities of the language of the protagonists are also studied in detail, such as the use of African American Vernacular English. The article outlines the brightest examples of the combination of language and culture in the work of fiction in the multicultural aspect.

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Cacciamani, Giovanni E., Karanvir Gill, and Inderbir S. Gill. "Robotic versus open urological oncological surgery: study protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis." BMJ Open 10, no. 2 (February 2020): e036609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036609.

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IntroductionMinimally invasive surgery in urology has grown considerably in application since its initial description in the early 1990s. Herein, we present the protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing open versus robotic urological oncological surgery for various clinically relevant outcomes, as well as to assess their comparative penetrance over the past 20 years (2000–2020).Methods and analysisWe will document the penetrance of robotic versus open surgery in the urological oncological field using a national database.Second, we will perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of all published full-text English and non-English language articles from Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science search engines on surgical treatment of localised prostate, bladder, kidney and testis cancer published between 1st January 2000 to 10th January 2020. We will focus on the highest-volume urological oncological surgeries, namely, radical prostatectomy, radical cystectomy, partial nephrectomy, radical nephrectomy and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Study inclusion criteria will comprise clinical trials and prospective and retrospective studies (cohort or case–control series) comparing robotic versus open surgery. Exclusion criteria will comprise meta-analyses, multiple papers with overalapping study-periods, studies analysing national databases and case series describing only one approach (robotic or open). Risk of bias for included studies will be assessed by the appropriate Cochrane risk of bias tool. Principal outcomes assessed will include perioperative, functional, oncological survival and financial outcomes of open versus robotic uro-oncological surgery. Sensitivity analyses will be performed to correlate outcomes of interest with key baseline characteristics and surrogates of surgical expertise.Ethics and disseminationThis comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis will provide rigorous, consolidated information on contemporary outcomes and trends of open versus robotic urological oncological surgery based on all the available literature. These aggregate data will help physicians better advise patients seeking surgical care for urological cancers.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017064958.

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Frater, John L., Jessica S. Maddox, Joseph M. Obadiah, and M. Yadira Hurley. "Cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman Disease: Comprehensive Review of Cases Reported in the Medical Literature since 1990 and Presentation of an Illustrative Case." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 10, no. 6 (November 2006): 281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7750.2006.00067.

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Background: The latest comprehensive review of primary cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease was published as part of an exhaustive survey of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy in 1990. Since then, much progress has been made in the understanding of malignant lymphoma and benign disorders of lymphoid and histiocytic origin. Objective: We reviewed cases of primary cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease published since 1990 and discuss their clinical and pathologic features, comparing them with cases of systemic Rosai-Dorfman disease. Methods: We conducted a search of the National Library of Medicine PubMed database for cases of cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease reported in the English-language medical literature since February 1990. Results: We identified 72 patients with cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman (female to male ratio 1:0.5). The gross appearance and number or distribution of lesions were highly variable. Abnormal laboratory data included peripheral blood cytopenias (10 patients) and increased gammaglobulin fraction (10 patients). The response to treatment was variable. Conclusion: Purely cutaneous disease without the characteristic lymphadenopathy is rare but has been increasingly reported in the literature. Compared with patients with systemic Rosai-Dorfman disease, patients with primary cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease are older, women are more commonly affected, and whites are more likely than blacks to be afflicted.

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Woersching, Alex L., Matthew E. Borrego, and Dennis W. Raisch. "Assessing the Quality of Economic Evaluations of FDA Novel Drug Approvals." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 50, no. 12 (August 11, 2016): 1028–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1060028016662893.

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Objective: To systematically review and assess the quality of the novel drugs’ economic evaluation literature in print during the drugs’ early commercial availability following US regulatory approval. Data Sources: MEDLINE and the United Kingdom National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database were searched from 1946 through December 2011 for economic evaluations of the 50 novel drugs approved by the FDA in 2008 and 2009. Study Selection and Data Extraction: The inclusion criteria were English-language, peer-reviewed, original economic evaluations (cost-utility, cost-effectiveness, cost-minimization, and cost-benefit analyses). We extracted and analyzed data from 36 articles considering 19 of the 50 drugs. Two reviewers assessed each publication’s quality using the Quality of Health Economic Studies (QHES) instrument and summarized study quality on a 100-point scale. Data Synthesis: Study quality had a mean of 70.0 ± 16.2 QHES points. The only study characteristics associated with QHES score (with P < 0.05) were having used modeling or advanced statistics, 75.1 versus 61.9 without; using quality-adjusted life years as an outcome, 75.9 versus 64.7 without; and cost-utility versus cost-minimization analysis, 75.9 versus 58.7. Studies most often satisfied quality aspects about stating study design choices and least often satisfied aspects about justifying design choices. Conclusion: The reviewed literature considered a minority of the 2008-2009 novel drugs and had mixed study quality. Cost-effectiveness stakeholders might benefit from efforts to improve the quality and quantity of literature examining novel drugs. Editors and reviewers may support quality improvement by stringently imposing economic evaluation guidelines about justifying study design choices.

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Klauser, Francisco R. "‘Lost’ Surveillance Studies: A critical review of French work on CCTV." Surveillance & Society 6, no. 1 (January 14, 2009): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v6i1.3401.

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In recent years, the rapidly developing field of ‘surveillance studies’ has sparked a remarkable and revealing body of research, which has led to repeated claims to recognise ‘surveillance studies’ as a cross-disciplinary field of research in its own right. However, the almost exclusive reliance of these independency claims upon Anglophone references raises a series of important questions: Must we conclude that other linguistic traditions in surveillance studies do not exist at all, or are we to assume that such studies are heading in a broadly similar direction as their English counterpart?In order to address these questions, the paper suggests engaging with ‘lost’ CCTV studies published in French academia. It succinctly discusses three specificities of the French CCTV context – the legal regulation of CCTV through the 1995 ‘Loi Pasqua’, the specialised economic journal ‘En toute sécurité’ and the quasi absence of publicly mandated statistical evaluations of open street CCTV systems – thus providing a reading of how they are reflected in the existing CCTV literature. From an analytical standpoint, this approach provides an exploratory framework not only for investigating the key elements that French studies about CCTV can add to the relevant Anglophone literature, but also for examining the broader processes of knowledge generation about surveillance issues and on how these may depend on particular national characteristics.

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Hutsol, Alona, and Anastasiia Yumrukuz. "FEATURES OF THE REPRODUCTION OF FOLKLORE ELEMENTS IN THE TRANSLATION OF UKRAINIAN FOLKTALES." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2020, no. 31 (December 2020): 118–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2020-31-8.

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Recently, more and more urgently we can note the increased interest in the problems and features of the translation of folklore text. The authors of works associated with each year appear, explore the features and certain difficulties of translating folklore genres and folk tales, in particular, the difficulties associated with reproducing the national cultural background in translation, the difficulties associated with maintaining a special form of existence, difficulties associated with the display folklore thinking, the difficulties associated with symbolic translation of a folklore text into the language of the text of the host tradition. Authors-translators of folklore most often face the problem of conveying words that can denote concepts inherent only in the original culture, traditions of the language. These words include words-dialectisms, words-archaisms, and, first of all, realities. All these units have a national and cultural background. The author-translator must take into account the genre and style features of the translated text, preserve not only the content, but also the emotional-style, colored background and make it accessible for the process of understanding native speakers, the text is translated. An adequate translation of folklore elements and realities of Ukrainian folk tales is of particular importance when working with a folk tale. The purpose of the article is to establish the peculiarities of the translation of Ukrainian realities and the revealed universal characteristics of the fairytale text, which can be used as a reserve of translation matches when reproducing the folklore elements of Ukrainian folk tales into English. The research used the following methods: analysis of special, network and methodological literature, synthesis and structuring of data obtained in theoretical analysis. The article examines the well-known realities of the Ukrainian folk tale and analyzes their English translation correspondences. In the course of the research, it was found that the fabulous color is one of the key features of the Ukrainian folk tale. Manifestations of a fabulous color are variability in the translation of national traditions.

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Ferlie, Ewan, Davide Nicolini, Jean Ledger, Daniela D’Andreta, Dmitrijs Kravcenko, and John de Pury. "NHS top managers, knowledge exchange and leadership: the early development of Academic Health Science Networks – a mixed-methods study." Health Services and Delivery Research 5, no. 17 (May 2017): 1–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr05170.

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BackgroundAcademic Health Science Networks (AHSNs) were recently created in the NHS to accelerate the spread of innovations that could promote population-level health gain and also pursue novel goals of wealth creation. They are 15 regionally based networks. They reflect a continuing stream of national health policy on stimulating NHS knowledge mobilisation, which has now created a novel institutional architecture.ObjectivesThe overall research aims were (1) to explore AHSNs’ strategies and practices of knowledge mobilisation in their formative phase, when they were building up health- and wealth-related networks; and (2) to investigate how knowledge leadership took place in these settings and the characteristics of people perceived as knowledge leaders (KLs). Specific research objectives operationalised these broad aims.DesignIt was a mixed-methods study with a large qualitative component but also social network analysis (SNA). It contained a sequence of work packages: (1) an initial literature review to inform interviews; (2) an analysis of the national policy stream in this field; (3) a SNA of the AHSNs’ health and wealth networks; (4) five case studies of different AHSNs with 10 innovation tracers; and (5) interviews with individuals nominated as KLs.SettingWe studied a sample of five of the 15 English AHSNs, along with the development of the national policy stream.ParticipantsWe interviewed and surveyed AHSNs and other relevant staff, including national policy-level respondents.Data sources(1) A review of national- and AHSN-level documents, grey literature and relevant academic material; (2) semi-structured interviews with AHSN very senior managers, along with other staff, policy respondents and nominated ‘KLs’; and (3) a SNA (with two time points) using snowball survey methods.Review methodsThe literature review took a structured and narrative-based approach in what was a diffuse and multidisciplinary academic field.Results(1) We found that different networks were emerging around AHSNs’ health and wealth goals and, perhaps not surprisingly, the wealth networks were at an exploratory stage; (2) we found that these networks took different forms in different AHSNs; (3) we developed a general typology of the approaches AHSNs took towards spreading new ideas and innovations; and (4) we uncovered some characteristics of ‘KLs’.LimitationsThe study proceeded with the AHSNs still in a formative phase (early 2014 to early 2016). The SNA had two data points that were close together. We could not undertake a longer-term impact assessment. Future work should take a more longitudinal approach.ConclusionsThe study’s results have implications for (1) AHSN knowledge mobilisation strategies and networks, (2) the shape of AHSN regional knowledge networks and (3) the construction of knowledge leadership in these settings.Future researchOur top priority recommendations were (1) a longer-term AHSN impact assessment and (2) greater exploration of the AHSNs’ novel wealth creating role.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.

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Duarte-Gómez, María Beatriz, Silvia Magali Cuadra-Hernández, Myriam Ruiz-Rodríguez, Armando Arredondo, and Jesús David Cortés-GilI. "Challenges of health services related to the population displaced by violence in Mexico." Revista de Saúde Pública 52 (August 6, 2018): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2018052017094.

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OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impacts of the care to the population displaced by violence on the health system and the challenges that this entails. METHODS: This is a narrative review of the national and international literature in PubMed, SciELO, WHO/PAHO, and Bireme. Inclusion criteria were date of publication ( from 2000), relation with the subject, and language (Spanish or English). We found 292 documents, of which 91 met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: The main challenges are the intersectoral, participatory, and integral approach (with emphasis on mental health and sexual and reproductive health), ensured accessibility to health services, the need for a reliable registration and information system of the population displaced by violence and its characteristics, and the addressing of the biopsychosocial problems of the different groups, especially women, persons with disabilities or infectious diseases, adolescents, children, ethnic minorities, older adults and the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, and intersexual population. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of political will to accept and see the internal displacement by violence and its importance as a humanitarian and public health problem is an obstacle to the adequate and timely care of the population displaced by violence in Mexico.

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Zhu, Jiang, Han, Gao, He, Zhao, and Li. "A Bibliometrics Review of Water Footprint Research in China: 2003–2018." Sustainability 11, no. 18 (September 17, 2019): 5082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11185082.

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As water security becomes an increasingly important issue, the analysis of the conflict between water supply and demand has gained significance in China. This paper details a bibliometric review of papers published between 2003 and 2018 on the water footprint in China, one of the global hotspots of water resource research. The tendencies and key points of water footprint research were systematically analyzed based on 1564 articles, comprising 1170 original publications in Chinese from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database and 394 publications in English from the Web of Science database. The results show that the literature associated with water footprint research has expanded significantly. The number of papers published increased from 104 in 2003–2006 to 735 in 2015–2018. Water footprint research has been applied to agricultural, industrial, and regional water resource management to quantify the impact of human activities on water resources and the environment. Water footprint metrics were extracted for regional comparisons. There are obvious regional characteristics of the water footprint in China, but the uncertainty of results makes further investigation necessary. Further water footprint modeling and field experimental research is needed to explore the water–ecological environment under complex systems.

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Duberry, Jerome, and Sabrya Hamidi. "Contrasted media frames of AI during the COVID-19 pandemic: a content analysis of US and European newspapers." Online Information Review 45, no. 4 (April 5, 2021): 758–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-09-2020-0393.

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PurposeDespite the growing interest in AI, the scientific literature lacks multinational studies that examine how mainstream media depict AI applications. This paper is one of the first empirical studies to explore how French and English-speaking mainstream media portray AI during a pandemic. The purpose of this study is to examine how media define AI and how they frame this technology.Design/methodology/approachThe authors selected five media outlets and extracted all news articles that mentioned AI over a period of 30 days. The authors constituted the sample to ensure a mix of global, national and local media newspapers. The authors included Le Temps (Switzerland), Le Monde (France), The Guardian (United Kingdom), Politico Europe (Europe) and the New York Times (USA). The authors used the NexisUni database to collect the news articles. This resulted in a sample of 54 articles, which the authors then refined to 35 articles mentioning at the same AI and COVID-19. They then manually coded to identify media frames about AI.FindingsAlthough no news article provides a definition of AI, most articles highlight two main characteristics: information processing and adaptability. This paper also shows that the coverage of AI in US newspaper is more optimistic than pessimistic. European newspapers offer a more balanced perspective of the risks and benefits associated with the technology, and highlight its use mainly in the context of the COVID-19. Media framing changes according to the evolution of the pandemic. While the USA were not yet heavily affected by the virus, Europe experienced the peak of the crisis. The authors argue that the framing of AI follows that of the pandemic.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited in terms of timeframe (30 days) and media outlets (5). It would be useful to extend this sample to verify the results, and also conduct interviews among journalists to understand their motivations and understanding of AI.Originality/valueDespite the growing interest in AI, the scientific literature lacks multinational studies that examine how mainstream media depict AI applications in society. This paper is one of the first empirical studies to explore how French and English-speaking mainstream media portray AI during a pandemic.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-09-2020-0393

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McGilton, Katherine S., Shirin Vellani, Jessica Babineau, Jennifer Bethell, Susan E. Bronskill, Elaine Burr, Margaret Keatings, et al. "Understanding transitional care programmes for older adults who experience delayed discharge: a scoping review protocol." BMJ Open 9, no. 12 (December 2019): e032149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032149.

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IntroductionMany hospitalised older adults experience delayed discharges due to increased postacute health and social support needs. Transitional care programmes (TCPs) provide short-term care to these patients to prepare them for transfer to nursing homes or back to the community with supports. There are knowledge gaps related to the development, implementation and evaluation of TCPs. The aims of this scoping review (ScR) are to identify the characteristics of older patients served by TCPs; criteria for transfer, components and services provided by TCPs; and outcomes used to evaluate TCPs.Methods and analysisThe study involves six-step ScR and is informed by a collaborative/participatory approach whereby stakeholders engage in the development of the research questions, identification of literature, data abstraction and synthesis; and participation in consultation workshop. The search for scientific literature will be done in the Medline, PsychINFO, Emcare and CINAHL databases; as well, policies and reports that examined models of transitional care and the outcomes used to evaluate them will be reviewed. Records will be selected if they involve community dwelling older adults aged 65 years or older, or indigenous persons 45 years or older; and presented in English, French, Dutch and German languages. Records will be screened, reviewed and abstracted by two independent reviewers. Extracted data will be analysed using descriptive statistics and a narrative analysis, and organised according to Donabedian’s model of structure (characteristics of older adults experiencing delayed discharge and served by TCPs), process (TCP components and services) and outcome.Ethics and disseminationThis ScR does not require ethics approval. Dissemination activities include integrated knowledge translation (KT) (consultation with stakeholders throughout the study) and end-of-grant KT strategies (presentations at national and international conferences; and publication in peer-reviewed interdisciplinary journal).

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Farrell, Wendy Colleen, and Tipnuch Phungsoonthorn. "Generation Z in Thailand." International Journal of Cross Cultural Management 20, no. 1 (February 26, 2020): 25–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470595820904116.

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Generation Z has been said to have more in common with their global generational cohort than they do with their parents. The 24/7 access to information, through increasingly ubiquitous Internet access, has been credited as the facilitator of the spread of generational values and characteristics. While this may apply to Generation Z in many developed countries, does it apply in developing nations such as Thailand? For example, by the year 2015, only 40 percent of the Thai population had access to the Internet. Thus, this study attempts to understand to what extent proclaimed Generation Z characteristics and values ring true for a segment of Thai youth with the necessary access to and corresponding usage of connected technology. A literature review was conducted of both English and Thai language literature. Thai Generation Z university students were surveyed, and the results were analyzed using structural equation modeling. On the one hand, the results did support an affinity toward technology, on the other hand, it suggested that Thai youth valued and used the technology differently than their generational cohort in the west, especially concerning content creation. Furthermore, they differed from their global cohort in their preference for collectivism. They also differed from national cultural expectations as they showed tendencies toward low power distance. Finally, work values were largely consistent with international generational expectations in that they showed the strongest preference toward intrinsic and altruistic rewards. It will be essential for Human Resources (HR) to communicate these rewards to attract and retain this next generation of employees. This article contributes to the greater cross-cultural management scholarship by filling a gap in understanding the cultural and work values of a generational cohort in Thailand. It does this by highlighting the institutional and cultural setting this cohort came of age in and surveys cohort members to understand their values and preferences.

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Григорьева, Е. М. "TO THE PROBLEM OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS REFLECTION IN DICTIONARIES OF DIFFERENT TYPES." НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКИЕ И МЕТОДИКО-ДИДАКТИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ, no. 3(47) (October 24, 2020): 130–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2020.72.57.010.

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Постановка задачи. Статья посвящена детальному анализу фразеологизмов английского языка различных тематических групп и особенностям их регистрации в англо-английских и англо-русском словарях и справочных пособиях. Рассматривается ряд характеристик, которые отличают фразеологические единицы от свободных словосочетаний. Кроме того, исследуется вопрос включения пословиц в состав фразеологического фонда того или иного языка. Впоследствии отобранные методом сплошной выборки фразеологические единицы классифицируются по различным основаниям, а также проводится детальный анализ особенностей их отражения в представленных изданиях. Результаты. Осуществляется классификация фразеологизмов по следующим категориям: функция в коммуникации, определяемая их структурно-семантическими особенностями, а также тематическое деление. Отдельно рассматриваются фразеологизмы-эвфемизмы, относящиеся к нескольким тематическим группам, среди которых смерть, ругательства и беременность. Выделяются и описываются характерные особенности организации микроструктуры (словарной статьи) каждого отдельно взятого издания. Выводы. На основании проведенного анализа регистрации английских фразеологизмов сделаны выводы о том, что данная лексика получает подробное и точное отражение в справочниках. Проведенный анализ теоретической литературы показал правомерность включения пословиц во фразеологический фонд, поскольку они принадлежат к культурному наследию того или иного народа и воспроизводятся в речи в исходной форме. Тип и адресат справочника определяют особенности организации словарной статьи, а также компоненты, которые входят в нее (дефиниция, переводной эквивалент, иллюстративный пример, грамматическая, стилистическая, региональная и этимологическая пометы, графическая иллюстрация). Statement of the problem. The article is devoted to a detailed analysis of the phraseological units of the English language of various thematic groups and the features of their registration in the English-English and English-Russian dictionaries and reference books. Features that distinguish phraseological units from free phrases are studied. More than that, the question of belonging proverbs to phraseological stock is studied. Then phraseological units selected by the continuous sampling method are classified according to different grounds, and a detailed analysis of the features of their reflection in the analyzed sources is carried out. Results. Phraseological units are classified into some categories according to the following criteria: function in communication, determined by their structural and semantic features and thematic division. Phraseological units-euphemisms related to several thematic groups, including death, curse words and pregnancy are studied. The characteristic features of microstructure organization of each individual source are described. Conclusion. The analysis of English phraseological units registration showed that this lexis is reflected in dictionaries in a proper way. Theoretical literature analysis shows justification of proverbs inclusion into phraseological stock as they are a part of national cultural heritage and are reproduced in speech in the basic form. Further, the author comes to a conclusion that dictionary type and addressee of the reference book determine features of microstructure organization and their components (definition, translation equivalent, illustrative example, grammar, stylistic, regional and etymological labels, graphic illustration).

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He, Yihan, Yihong Liu, Brian H. May, Anthony Lin Zhang, Haibo Zhang, ChuanJian Lu, Lihong Yang, Xinfeng Guo, and Charlie Changli Xue. "Effectiveness of acupuncture for cancer pain: protocol for an umbrella review and meta-analyses of controlled trials." BMJ Open 7, no. 12 (December 2017): e018494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018494.

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IntroductionThe National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for adult cancer pain indicate that acupuncture and related therapies may be valuable additions to pharmacological interventions for pain management. Of the systematic reviews related to this topic, some concluded that acupuncture was promising for alleviating cancer pain, while others argued that the evidence was insufficient to support its effectiveness.Methods and analysisThis review will consist of three components: (1) synthesis of findings from existing systematic reviews; (2) updated meta-analyses of randomised clinical trials and (3) analyses of results of other types of clinical studies. We will search six English and four Chinese biomedical databases, dissertations and grey literature to identify systematic reviews and primary clinical studies. Two reviewers will screen results of the literature searches independently to identify included reviews and studies. Data from included articles will be abstracted for assessment, analysis and summary. Two assessors will appraise the quality of systematic reviews using Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews; assess the randomised controlled trials using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool and other types of studies according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We will use ‘summary of evidence’ tables to present evidence from existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Using the primary clinical studies, we will conduct meta-analysis for each outcome, by grouping studies based on the type of acupuncture, the comparator and the specific type of pain. Sensitivity analyses are planned according to clinical factors, acupuncture method, methodological characteristics and presence of statistical heterogeneity as applicable. For the non-randomised studies, we will tabulate the characteristics, outcome measures and the reported results of each study. Consistencies and inconsistencies in evidence will be investigated and discussed. Finally, we will use the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to evaluate the quality of the overall evidence.Ethics and disseminationThere are no ethical considerations associated with this review. The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals or conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017064113.

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Escobedo, Angel A., Ricardo Arencibia, Rosa L. Vega, Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales, Pedro Almirall, and Maydel Alfonso. "A bibliometric study of international scientific productivity in giardiasis covering the period 1971–2010." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 9, no. 01 (January 15, 2015): 076–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.5785.

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Introduction: Despite years of relative neglect, interest in Giardia infection seems to be recently growing, perhaps in part due to its inclusion into the World Health Organization’s Neglected Diseases Initiative since 2004. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of Giardia and giardiasis research over time, as represented by the quantity of published papers. Methodology: Data for this study were collected from the electronic PubMed/Medline database of National Library of Medicine's (NLM), due to it is easily accessibility and wide use. It was accessed online between April and December 2011. Data for the period 1971–2010 were obtained and information was downloaded using the EndNote program developed by Thomson Reuters. Results: During the study period, a total of 6,964 references (articles, reviews, editorials, letter to the editor, etc.) covering different aspects of Giardia and giardiasis were located in the PubMed database after applying the search strategy reported above. Most papers were original articles and published in English. Conclusions: In this first effort to explore the development and research productivity on giardiasis over time (no previously published bibliometric studies on giardiasis exist), two interesting characteristics of the Giardia and giardiasis literature were discovered: the concentration of papers over journals disseminating the research results, and that research in this field is growing and will likely continue to grow in the coming years.

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Mitchell, Eileen, Elayne Ahern, Sanjib Saha, and Dominic Trepel. "Neuropsychological rehabilitation interventions for people with an acquired brain injury and their caregivers. A protocol for a systematic review of economic evaluation." HRB Open Research 3 (November 12, 2020): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13144.1.

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Background: New emerging evidence has demonstrated the need for effective interventions to help people living with an acquired brain injury (ABI). Evidence on cost-effectiveness, which can help inform use of limited resources, is scarce in this area and therefore the purpose of this systematic review is to critically appraise and consolidate the current evidence on economic evaluations of ABI rehabilitation interventions. Methods: Systematic review methodology will be applied to identify, select and extract data from published economic evaluation studies (trial-based, non-trial based, simulation-based, decision model and trial-based model economic evaluations) of ABI treatment interventions in adults. A systematic literature search will be conducted on the following electronic databases: EMBASE, Econlit, CINAHL, Medline, Econlit, the National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database and PsyclNFO. This review will only include cost-effectiveness analysis studies (e.g., cost per life year gained), cost-benefit and cost minimisation analyses in which the designs were randomised controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCT studies, cost-utility analyses (e.g., cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained or cost per disability-adjusted life year averted), cohort studies, and modeling studies. Only studies that were published in English, associated with adults who have an ABI will be included. There will be no restrictions on perspective, sample size, country, follow-up duration or setting. The search strategy terms will include the following: acquired brain injury, brain*; cost*; or cost–benefit analysis*. Following data extraction, a narrative summary and tables will be used to summarize the characteristics and results of included studies. Discussion: The findings from this review will be beneficial to health policy decision makers when examining the evidence of economic evaluations in this field. In addition, it is anticipated that this review will identify gaps in the current economic literature to inform future-related research. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020187469 (25th June 2020).

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Mitchell, Eileen, Elayne Ahern, Sanjib Saha, and Dominic Trepel. "Neuropsychological rehabilitation interventions for people with an acquired brain injury. A protocol for a systematic review of economic evaluation." HRB Open Research 3 (December 8, 2020): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13144.2.

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Background: New emerging evidence has demonstrated the need for effective interventions to help people living with an acquired brain injury (ABI). Evidence on cost-effectiveness, which can help inform use of limited resources, is scarce in this area and therefore the purpose of this systematic review is to critically appraise and consolidate the current evidence on economic evaluations of ABI rehabilitation interventions. Methods: Systematic review methodology will be applied to identify, select and extract data from published economic evaluation studies (trial-based, non-trial based, simulation-based, decision model and trial-based model economic evaluations) of ABI treatment interventions in adults. A systematic literature search will be conducted on the following electronic databases: EMBASE, Econlit, CINAHL, Medline, the National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database and PsyclNFO. This review will only include cost-effectiveness analysis studies (e.g., cost per life year gained), cost-benefit and cost minimisation analyses in which the designs were randomised controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCT studies, cost-utility analyses (e.g., cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained or cost per disability-adjusted life year averted), cohort studies, and modelling studies. Only studies that were published in the english language, associated with adults who have an ABI will be included. There will be no restrictions on perspective, sample size, country, follow-up duration or setting. The search strategy terms will include the following: acquired brain injury, brain*; cost*; or cost–benefit analysis*. Following data extraction, a narrative summary and tables will be used to summarize the characteristics and results of included studies. Discussion: The findings from this review will be beneficial to health policy decision makers when examining the evidence of economic evaluations in this field. In addition, it is anticipated that this review will identify gaps in the current economic literature to inform future-related research. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020187469 (25th June 2020).

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Sumida, MD, Shawn, Maggie R. Lesley, BS, Marie N. Hanna, MD, Jamie D. Murphy, MD, Kanupriya Kumar, MD, and Christopher L. Wu, MD. "Meta-analysis of the effect of extended-release epidural morphine versus intravenous patient-controlled analgesia on respiratory depression." Journal of Opioid Management 5, no. 5 (January 29, 2018): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jom.2009.0030.

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Objective: Extended-release epidural morphine (EREM) is a single-dose, extended-release epidural morphine formulation intended to provide postoperative pain relief over a 48-hour period. There have been a few randomized controlled trials investigating the use and safety of EREM versus intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with opioids (IV-PCA); however, the adverse event of respiratory depression of this treatment is unclear. The authors have undertaken a meta-analysis to examine this issue.Methods: A systematic literature search of the National Library of Medicine’s PubMed database was conducted for terms related to EREM. Only randomized controlled trials, in the English language, assessing the rates of respiratory depression of EREM to IV-PCA were included for analysis. Data on pertinent study characteristics and relevant outcomes were extracted from accepted articles. Meta-analysis was performed using the Review Manager 4.2.7 (The Cochrane Collaboration, 2004). A random effects model was used.Results: The authors’ literature search yielded three articles which met all inclusion criteria. All studied doses of EREM were evaluated. Pooled estimates (odds ratio) were made for rates of adverse events of respiratory depression. Use of EREM was associated with significantly higher odds of respiratory depression compared to IV-PCA (odds ratio = 5.74; 95% confidence interval: 1.08, 30.54, p = 0.04). Even when examining only Food and Drug Administration approved dosages for EREM, the use of EREM was associated with significantly higher odds of respiratory depression when compared with IV-PCA (odds ratio = 5.80; 95% confidence interval: 1.05, 31.93, p = 0.04).Conclusions: Although perioperative single-dose epidural EREM (versus IV-PCA) was effective for postoperative pain relief for up to 48 hours, it is associated with significantly higher odds of respiratory depression. Further examination of the issue of respiratory depression of epidural EREM may be warranted.

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Grande, Enrique, Ángel Díaz, Carlos López, Javier Munarriz, Juan-José Reina, Ruth Vera, Beatriz Bernárdez, et al. "Economics of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a systematic review." Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism 10 (January 2019): 204201881982821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2042018819828217.

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Background: Despite current interest, enthusiasm and progress in the development of therapies for gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), there are substantial gaps in the published literature regarding cost-of-illness analyses, economic evaluation and budget impact analyses. Compounding the issue is that data on resource utilization and cost-effectiveness of different diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for GEP-NETs are scarce. Methods: A systematic review on the economic impact of GEP-NETs was carried out using four databases: EMBASE, PubMed, the National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database and Cochrane review. Fully published articles from January 2000 to May 2017, in English and Spanish, were included. All articles that satisfied the inclusion criteria were included in the systematic review; summary descriptive statistics were used to describe the methodological characteristics. Results: The 14 studies selected included cost-of-illness analyses ( n = 4), economic evaluations ( n = 7) and budget impact analyses ( n = 3). Almost all studies were performed in the United States. Healthcare costs for patients with NETs included medication, outpatient visits, hospitalizations, and check-ups/tests. Reducing adverse events is an area where cost savings could be achieved; however, there was not enough evidence on the cost impact of adverse events. Conclusion: There is a lack of data related to resource utilization in the field of GEP-NETs. Therefore, cost-effectiveness and budget impact studies of existing and emerging treatments are urgently needed to help the decision-making process for patients with NETs.

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Song, Woo Jin, Sang Gue Kang, Bommie Florence Seo, Nam-Kyong Choi, and Jung Ho Lee. "A Systematic Review of the National Breast Implant Registry for Application in Korea: Can We Predict “Unpredictable” Complications?" Medicina 56, no. 8 (July 23, 2020): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56080370.

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Background and Objectives: Since silicone breast implants were introduced to the market several decades ago, the safety of breast implants has remained controversial. Recently, several studies have explored breast implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) and breast implant illness (BII). Several countries have developed national breast implant registries to improve the safety and quality of breast implant surgery. We performed a systematic review of the current status of national breast implant registries and propose a pilot form of an appropriate breast implant registry model for Korea. Materials and Methods: The systematic review was conducted in accordance with the “preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) pro forma”. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify all articles containing information on national breast implant registries. We limited the search to articles written in the English language from 2010 to 2020. Articles were reviewed by two independent authors. Results: A total of 63 articles related to national breast implant registries, registry principles and national breast implant registry annual reports were identified. After reviewing the literature, 25 national breast implant registry-related articles were included in the full-text synthesis. Currently, four countries, The Netherlands, Australia, Sweden, and the UK, have breast implant registries with well-formed sources for big data. Overall, similarities in data points were detected for three categories: implant-related complications, operation details, and device information. However, there were differences for each registry in terms of governance, funding, and capture rate. Conclusion: After reviewing other countries’ experiences, tentative datasets for the Korean Breast Implant Registry (K-BIR) were developed. The K-BIR can improve the quality of breast implant surgery in Korea by providing datasets on overall processes and outcome measures with quality indicators and risk adjustment factors. This approach will register characteristics of patients and monitor breast implants, complications, and surgical procedures to improve the outcomes of breast implant surgery in Korea. In addition, it can be used as a track-and-trace system with automated notifications to patients in the event of a product recall or other safety concerns related to a specific type of implant.

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KASIANZUK, MAKSYM, SVIATOSLAV SHEREMET, and OLESIA TROFYMENKO. "Status of same-sex partnerships in Ukraine." Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing, stmm 2019 (3) (October 7, 2020): 143–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/sociology2020.03.143.

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The proposed article aims to summarize available quantitative and qualitative data on same-sex partnerships in Ukraine, including data on the presence of children in such partnerships, over the last twenty years (1999–2018). The increasing number of publications on various aspects of the existence of same-sex couples in English demonstrates the relevance of the topic. The information available in Ukraine is the richest in comparison with other post-Soviet countries of the Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia region. At the same time, LGBT families remain out of the academic community in Ukraine, and the data collected are mostly contained in the so-called "gray literature" (mainly research reports by public organizations), and are not introduced into scientific circulation. It is shown that, depending on the composition of the sample and the definition of same-sex partnership used by the researchers, this percentage most often falls within the range of 16–28% of surveyed homosexual and bisexual men residing in the capital and regional centers of Ukraine. Quantitative information on women partnerships is extremely limited (one survey of a small sample), and there is no quantitative data for the couples, where one or both partners are transgenders. Quantitative information on children in same-sex partnerships is also very limited, and the data in the literature (with all the methodological disadvantages indicated) ranges from 14% to 29% of LGB, which have children, but it is unknown whether these children were raised in same-sex couples. With regard to quality information, the situation is different — a little bit more is known about the status of women and partly transgender partnerships (including the issue of children in such families) than about male couples. Separate data demonstrates a significant similarity in the same-sex partnership structure to the typical heterosexual egalitarian family model (two partners and their children), taking into account more egalitarian marriage roles, lack of formal status, and associated socio-economic risks. Further research (including national level) should be based on a common understanding of what constitutes “same-sex partnership”, what are the characteristics of same-sex partnership (civil, family), what characteristics of civil partnership turn it into a“family”, etc.

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Amat Camacho, Nieves, Khem Karki, Shiva Subedi, and Johan von Schreeb. "International Emergency Medical Teams in the Aftermath of the 2015 Nepal Earthquake." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, no. 03 (May 6, 2019): 260–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19004291.

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AbstractIntroduction:International Emergency Medical Teams’ (I-EMTs) response to disasters has been characterized by a late arrival, an over-focus on trauma care, and a lack of coordination and accountability mechanisms. Analysis of I-EMT performance in past and upcoming disasters is deemed necessary to improve future response.Objective:This study aimed to describe the characteristics, timing, and activities of I-EMTs deployed to the 2015 Nepal earthquake, and to assess their registration and adherence to the World Health Organization Emergency Medical Teams’ (WHO-EMT; Geneva, Switzerland) minimum standards compared to past disasters.Methods:An online literature search was performed and key web sites related to I-EMT deployments were purposively examined. The methodology used is reported following the STARLITE principles. All articles and documents in English containing information about characteristics, timing, and activities of I-EMTs during Nepal 2015 were included in the study. Data were retrieved from selected sources to compile the results following a systematic approach. The findings were validated by the Nepalese focal point for the coordination of I-EMTs after the earthquake.Results:Overall, 137 I-EMTs deployed from 36 countries. They were classified as Type I (65%), Type II (15%), Type III (1%), and specialized cells (19%). Although national teams remained the first responders, two regional I-EMTs arrived within the first 24 hours post-earthquake. According to daily reporting, the activities performed by I-EMTs included 28,372 out-patient consultations (comprising 6,073 trauma cases); 1,499 in-patient admissions; and 440 major surgeries. The activities reported by I-EMTs during their deployment were significantly lower than the capacities they offered at arrival. Over 80% of I-EMTs registered through WHO or national registration mechanisms, but daily reporting of activities by I-EMTs was low. The adherence of I-EMTs to WHO-EMT standards could not be assessed due to lack of data.Conclusion:The I-EMT response to the Nepal earthquake was quicker than in previous disasters, and registration and follow-up of I-EMTs was better. Still, there is need to improve I-EMT coordination, reporting, and quality assurance while strengthening national EMT capacity.Amat Camacho N, Karki K, Subedi S, von Schreeb J. International Emergency Medical Teams in the aftermath of the 2015 Nepal earthquake. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(3):260–264.

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Fatoye, F., P. Smith, T. Gebrye, and G. Yeowell. "Real-world persistence and adherence with oral bisphosphonates for osteoporosis: a systematic review." BMJ Open 9, no. 4 (April 2019): e027049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027049.

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ObjectivesThis study examined patient adherence and persistence to oral bisphosphonates for the treatment of osteoporosis in real-world settings.MethodsA systematic review was completed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE), Health Technology Assessment (HTA) and National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database NHS EED) databases were searched for studies published in English language up to April 2018. Prospective and retrospective observational studies that used prescription claim databases or hospital medical records to examine patient adherence and persistence to oral bisphosphonate treatment among adults with osteoporosis were included. The Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of included studies.ResultsThe search yielded 540 published studies, of which 89 were deemed relevant and were included in this review. The mean age of patients included within the studies ranged between 53 to 80.8 years, and the follow-up varied from 3 months to 14 years. The mean persistence of oral bisphosphonates for 6 months, 1 year and 2 years ranged from 34.8% to 71.3%, 17.7% to 74.8% and 12.9% to 72.0%, respectively. The mean medication possession ratio ranged from 28.2% to 84.5%, 23% to 50%, 27.2% to 46% over 1 year, 2 years and 3 years, respectively. All studies included scored between 6 to 8 out of 9 on the NOS. The determinants of adherence and persistence to oral bisphosphonates included geographic residence, marital status, tobacco use, educational status, income, hospitalisation, medication type and dosing frequency.ConclusionsWhile a number of studies reported high levels of persistence and adherence, the findings of this review suggest that patient persistence and adherence with oral bisphosphonates medications was poor and reduced notably over time. Overall, adherence was suboptimal. To maximise adherence and persistence to oral bisphosphonates, it is important to consider possible determinants, including characteristics of the patients.

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Xiong, Xuan, Hongtao Xiao, Yuan Zhang, Dongke Yu, Junlan Chuan, Lei Zhong, Qinan Yin, and Rongsheng Tong. "Diagnosis Test Meta-Analysis for Apolipoprotein E in Alzheimer’s Disease." Disease Markers 2020 (October 10, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6486031.

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Objective. To evaluate the diagnostic value of apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods. Databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Wanfang Med online, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) were searched for literatures in English or Chinese. No limitations on the date. The sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were pooled for meta-analysis. The symmetric receiver operator characteristic curve (SROC) and Fagan’s Nomogram were drawn, and metaregression and subgroup analysis were used to explore the source of heterogeneity. Results. A total of 13 studies, including 2662 cases and 8843 controls, were analyzed. The combined sensitivity (SEN) was 0.62 (95% CI (0.58-0.66)), specificity (SPE) was 0.84 (95% CI (0.81-0.86)), the positive likelihood ratio was 3.8 (95% CI (3.3-4.3)), and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.45 (95% CI (0.41-0.49)). The area under the ROC curve was 0.80, and the diagnostic ratio (DOR) was 8. Neither publication bias was detected in Deeks’ funnel plot, nor threshold effect was shown in the SROC. Metaregression analysis showed that the diagnostic methods, experimental design, and sample size contributed to the heterogeneity in SEN, while the diagnostic methods, experimental design, blind evaluation on test results, and sample size contributed to the heterogeneity in SPE. When the pretest probability was set as 50%, the posterior probability in Fagan’s Nomogram was 79%, the positive likelihood ratio (LRP) was 5, and the negative likelihood ratio (LRN) was 0.42. Conclusions. AD could neither be confirmed nor excluded by the APOE genotype test. The sensitivity and specificity of the APOE gene test were relatively low in the diagnosis of AD. The diagnostic value of APOE ε4 gene in AD was moderate; it might play an important role in the prevention of AD.

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Huang, Guo, and Di Xue. "OP608 The Diagnostic Accuracy Of Quantitative Flow Ratio In Myocardial Ischemia Of Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-Analysis." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 36, S1 (December 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462320001245.

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IntroductionQuantitative flow ratio (QFR) is a novel approach to derive fractional flow reserve (FFR) from coronary angiography. QFR based on 3-dimensional reconstruction of angiographic images assesses the significance of coronary artery disease (CAD) without using an invasive pressure wire. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of quantitative flow ratio in myocardial ischemia of coronary artery disease.MethodsA meta-analysis was conducted of published research articles on diagnostic accuracy of QFR between January 2016 and September 2019 in the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform and China Bio-medicine Database. Statistical analysis was performed with software Meta-Disc 1.4 and Stata 12.0, and the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was drawn to evaluate accuracy of the method.ResultsA total of 11 articles were retreived, including 1,782 patients and 2,054 vessels. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio for quantitative flow ratio respectively, were 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85-0.89), 0.89 (95%CI: 0.87–0.91), 7.51(95%CI: 6.40–8.82), 0.15 (95%CI: 0.10–0.23), 54.18 (95%CI: 34.09–86.12), and the pooled AUC was 0.9458.ConclusionsSeveral limitations should be considered when interpreting the findings of this meta-analysis. First, despite the extensive literature search, the number of included studies was small; however, the number of patients and vessels enrolled was satisfactory, thereby decreasing type II error. Furthermore, data acquisition is not comprehensive enough because the language of the literature search was limited to Chinese and English. Despite these limitations, our study suggests with a definition of ischemia as FFR ≤ 0.8, the QFR obtains high diagnostic efficacy in myocardial ischemia of CAD. It can be used as a non-invasive novel method to screen CAD patients with myocardial ischemia.

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Huang, Guo, and Di Xue. "OP611 Breast Cancer Classification In Histopathological Images Using Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis Technology: A Meta-Analysis." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 36, S1 (December 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462320001257.

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IntroductionArtificial Intelligence (AI) is an important product of the rapid development of computer technology today. It has a far-reaching impact on the development of medical diagnostic technology especially in combination with medical imaging. The aim of this study was to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of AI-assisted diagnosis technology for classification of breast cancer in histopathological images.MethodsA meta-analysis was conducted of published research articles on diagnostic accuracy of AI-assisted diagnosis technology for breast cancer classification between January 2010 and September 2019 in the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform and China Bio-medicine Database. Statistical analysis was performed with software Meta-Disc 1.4 and Stata 12.0, and the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was drawn to evaluate accuracy of the method.ResultsA total of 18 studies with 13,573 breast histopathological images were considered for the analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio and the area under the curve of the SROC for AI-assisted diagnosis technology for classification of breast cancer respectively, were 0.94 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93–0.85), 0.84 (95% CI: 0.93–0.94), 255.47 (95% CI: 168.33–387.73) and 0.98 (95%CI: 0.96–0.99).ConclusionsSeveral limitations should be considered when interpreting the findings of this meta-analysis. First, despite the extensive literature search, the number of included studies was small; however, the number of images enrolled was satisfactory, thereby decreasing type II error. Second, data acquisition is not comprehensive enough because the language of literature search was limited to Chinese and English. Furthermore, the heterogeneity caused due to different sources of data affected the study results. Despite these limitations, our study suggests AI-assisted diagnosis technology for breast cancer classification in histopathological images is a highly accurate and reliable diagnostic method for clinical application.

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