Journal articles on the topic 'English literature, indic authors'

The debate between authors who write in English and those who write in the South Asian vernaculars – or bhashas – is well known in South Asian literary studies. The debate is not only about language, but about a writer’s desired audience and her commitment (or lack thereof) to cosmopolitanism on one hand and nationalism on the other. This paper traces some of the key moments in this debate in order to suggest that in contemporary Indian literature we are witnessing the beginnings of a new relationship between English and the bhashas that requires a complication of the cosmopolitanism/nationalism framework. For one, English is no longer the language of the West but has become an Indian language – such that for the first time in India’s history, literature written in English does not rely on an international readership. But the kinds of English writings we see in Indian literature today reflect a thematic shift as well; for instance, new commercial English writings by authors such as Chetan Bhagat and Anuja Chauhan paradoxically reflect a turn inwards – inventing what I call new literary provincialisms: a move away from the diasporic cosmopolitanism of the 1980s and 1990s, and towards India’s regional cultures – but paradoxically, through rather than despite the use of English. These writings are often set in Tier II cities such as Varanasi and Ahmedabad rather than Mumbai or Kolkata, and represent a world not of cosmopolitan elites but lower middle-class protagonists struggling to learn English. These works represent aspiration as the new sensibility of English literature in India.

This article will discuss the complexity of positionality and the implications of writing in the English language in a South Asian context. Given the postcolonial heritage of South Asia, contemporary authors producing literature in English find themselves confronted with both tremendous opportunity as well as tremendous controversy. Literature has become a product in the circuit of culture, and the concluding sections will therefore discuss and explore how writers, and particularly diasporic writers, using English (as opposed to the other languages in India) are able to seize a disproportionate amount of world attention and consequently, through their choice of language, gain the power to make their presentations and representations dominant and prevalent in terms of distribution and influence.

Focusing on two novels published in 2016, one by HarperCollins India and the other by Hachette India, this paper argues that Savage Blue by Balagopal and Dark Things by Venkatraghavan carve out a new space in post-millennial Indian speculative fiction in English, namely one that does not privilege ‘Hindu Indian mythology’ tropes. Such tropes have been espoused by a growing number of authors whose novels are anchored in Hindu Indian mythology and narratives of itihasa since the early 2000s. Banker, Tripathi, and Sanghi are generally recognized as the authors who first published in this post-millennial genre of Indian fiction in English. This discussion of the novels by Balagopal and Venkatraghavan, alongside ideas of how ‘fantasy’ as a genre has been, and continues to be defined, raises questions about how we might think about ‘Indian fantasy’ as a genre term within the domestic Indian book market and how it intersects with post-millennial Indian living, Indianness, and the popular imaginary.

Indian author of English literature Mulk Raj Anand (12 December 1905 – 28 September 2004) was known for his portrayal of the lower castes in traditional Indian culture. Along with R. K. Narayan, Ahmad Ali, and Raja Rao, he was one of the first India-based authors in English to attain a global audience, making him a pioneer of Indo-Anglian fiction. Anand's books and short tales are considered contemporary Indian English literary classics due to their insightful depiction of downtrodden people and thoughtful examination of poverty, exploitation, and disaster.

AbstractAlthough Zoroastrian Pahlavi literature preserves few geographical and ethnographic descriptions of non-Iranian historical regions, the popular book Ayādgār ī Jāmāspīg devotes several chapters to an extensive account of the landscape, social customs and religious practices of India, China, Arabia, Barbary, Ceylon (or the region of Slavs), Mazandarān and Turkestan. These descriptions share many similarities with the accounts of Muslim geographers between the ninth and twelfth centuries ce, though they also contain many Late Sasanian elements. In providing an English translation of these passages, this article aims to identify the inhabitants of these regions as well as to provide a more precise chronology of the chapters. It argues that Zoroastrian authors in the first centuries of the Islamic era, taking as a model the new Islamic science of geography, wrote or reworked these chapters with the intention of redefining and mapping the new world around them.

Diasporic literature is a pivotal term in literature that includes the literary works of the authors who are the outsiders for their native country but their work is deeply rooted in homeland by reflecting native culture, background, displacement and so on. Indian women’s literary work is at the forefront of diasporic literature. The advent of Indian women novelists on the literary horizon is an important development in the Indian English literature. These women writers have also contributed to other genres, such as drama, poetry and short stories, not only in English but also in regional languages like Hindi, Marathi, Bengali, Punjabi, Tamil, Kannada and so on. Some modern women writers flourish their writing in the form of fables as a literary genre in an impressive way to focus on the specific themes. In last two decades, Indian women’s writing in English is blossomed, both published in India and abroad. The present paper is the review of diasporic consciousness in select works of contemporary Indian women novelists. It focuses on the attempt to highlight the quest for identity of those women who played a crucial role in defining themselves through their literary work in diasporic background.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whistleblowing behavior in the accounting community (students and professionals) in an emerging economy – India. Design/methodology/approach Using a case-based approach, data were collected from 263 accounting students and 268 accounting professionals in India. Findings Using multivariate and univariate analyses of variance and logistic regressions, the authors provided evidence on how accounting students and professionals behave in a whistleblowing environment. Specifically, the authors found mixed results when comparing the behavior of accounting students and professionals in a whistleblowing scenario. All subjects reflected a more collectivist attitude, although professionals were more concerned about “fixing” the identified internal control problem (a “shared” problem). Both groups expressed a firm desire to collect more evidence against the likely fraudster. Practical implications In this era of global offshoring of services including accounting, the current study makes significant contributions to the accounting ethics literature and the accounting profession by analyzing whistleblowing behavior from an Indian perspective – a highly underrepresented area in the accounting ethics literature. The study aims to guide companies and investors in the US and elsewhere that do business in India. Originality/value While the accounting literature has plenty of research on whistleblowing in the Western world, there is a dearth of literature on whistleblowing in India. This paper is among the first to document whistleblowing behavior in India, a country that prides itself on its vast availability of English-speaking and technically sound accounting professionals.

The present paper examines the availability of literature on Information anxiety, Library anxiety, and Technology anxiety based on data extracted from the Web of Science database. The paper examines the growth of literature on the selected topic up to 2021 as indexed in the Web of Science database, measures country-wise contribution and author-wise contribution. First publication on the selected topic was recorded for the year 1990 in Web of Science database. USA has largest share of publications on the topic. Maximum number of contributions and maximum citations are noted for the year 2022. University of Malaya is top contributing institution. Onwuegbuzie is top contributing author. VOSviewer based collaborative network visualization map of journals as well as of authors are given. As per our knowledge, this study is first to explore literature output on Library Anxiety, Information Anxiety and Technology anxiety in English language. This paper will also encourage Indian authors to write on the topic as the study has found only five contributions from India in the Web of Science database. The study is useful for Researchers and faculty in the field of Library and Information Science as well as of Information Communication Technology. Bibliometric studies contribute towards knowledge management.

Abstract This paper looks at three Indian crime fiction series by women writers who employ different types of female detectives in contemporary India. The series will be discussed in the context of India’s economic growth and the emergence of a new middle class, which has an impact on India’s complex publishing market. I argue that the authors offer new identification figures while depicting a wide spectrum of female experiences within India’s contemporary urban middle class. In accordance with the characteristics of popular fiction, crime fiction offers the possibility to assume new roles within the familiar framework of a specific genre. Writers also partly modify the genre as a form of social criticism and use strategies such as the avoidance of closure. I conclude that the genre is of particular suitability for women in modern India as a testing-ground for new roles and a space that helps to depict and accommodate recent transformations that connect to processes of globalization.

This study analyzes previously published research on the topic of mobile payments. The authors have selected 85 English-written studies in reliable journals from 2017 to 2022 through various scientific data sources. The objective of this study was to investigate the factors influencing mobile payments adoption. From the results obtained, this research found that Subjective Norms/Social Influence and Facilitating Conditions were the most mentioned in the research on mobile payment adoption. India is the country with the most research on mobile payment adoption, followed by China and Indonesia. Developed countries need to be more active in this area of research. Finally, most of the research on mobile payments regarding mobile payment adoption comes from the customer's perspective. Future studies should explore the factors influencing the decision to use mobile payments from different perspectives not only from customers but also from governments and businesses providing this service. Keywords: mobile payment, systematic literature review, adoption

The essay undertakes an analysis of the connections and conversations between Rudyard Kipling’s Kim(1901) and Ruskin Bond’s largely autobiographical Rusty(1955-) novels. Kipling’s Kimhas evoked many literary responses and reactions across India. While writers such as Sarath Kumar Ghosh, Rabindranath Tagore, T.N. Murari,and even Sashi Tharoor have boldly written back to Kim, Ruskin Bond silently acknowledgesit in his Rusty series of children’s fiction. At times, Bond’s pointed and conscious avoidance ofKipling becomes his means of accepting Kipling’s influence on him. The essay traces the implicit dialogue between thesetwo Anglo-Indian authorsand their protagonists.It undertakes a close reading of theirnovelsto analysethe evolution of English literature and Anglo-Indianism in India, whilealsoexaminingthe divided identities of the authors and their fictional protagonists.

IntroductionIndian Literature with its multiplicity of languages and the plurality of cultures dates back to 3000 years ago, comprising Vedas, Upanishads, Puranas and Epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata. India has a strong literary tradition in various Indian regional languages like Sanskrit, Prakrit, Pali, Hindi, Marathi, Bengali, Oriya, Tamil, Kannada, Telugu, Malayalam and so on. Indian writers share oral tradition, indigenous experiences and reflect on the history, culture and society in regional languages as well as in English. The first Indian novel in English is Bankim Chandra Chatterjee’s Rajmohan’s Wife (1864). Indian Writing in English can be viewed in three phases - Imitative, First and Second poets’ phases. The 20th century marks the matrix of indigenous novels. The novels such as Mulk Raj Anand’s Untouchable (1935), Anita Nair’s Ladies Coupé (2001), and Khuswant Singh’s Memories of Madness: Stories of 1947 (2002) depict social issues, vices and crises (discrimination, injustice, violence against women) in India. Indian writers, and their contribution to world literature, are popular in India and abroad.Researchers are keen on analysing the works of Indian writers from historical, cultural, social perspectives and on literary theories (Post-Colonialism, Postmodernity, Cultural Studies). The enormity of the cultural diversity in India is reflected in Indian novels, plays, dramas, short stories and poems. This collection of articles attempts to capture the diversity of the Indian land/culture/landscape. It focuses on the history of India, partition, women’s voices, culture and society, and science and technology in Indian narratives, documentaries and movies.Special Issue: An Overview“Whatever has happened, has happened for goodWhatever is happening, is also for goodWhatever will happen, shall also be good.”- The Bhagavad-Gita.In the Mahabharata’s Kurukshetra battlefield, Lord Krishna counsels Arjuna on how everything that happens, regardless of whether it is good or bad, happens for a reason.Indian Literature: Past, Present and Future portrays the glorious/not-so-glorious times in history, the ever-changing crisis/peace of contemporary and hope for an unpredictable future through India’s literary and visual narratives. It focuses on comparison across cultures, technological advancements and diverse perspectives or approaches through the work of art produced in/on India. It projects India’s flora, fauna, historical monuments and rich cultural heritage. It illustrates how certain beliefs and practices come into existence – origin, evolution and present structure from a historical perspective. Indian Literature: Past, Present and Future gives a moment to recall, rectify and raise to make a promising future. This collection attempts to interpret various literary and visual narratives which are relevant at present.The Epics Reinterpreted: Highlighting Feminist Issues While Sustaining Deep Motif, examines the Women characters in the Epics – Ramayana and Mahabharata. It links the present setting to the violence against women described in the Epics Carl Jung’s archetypes are highlighted in a few chosen characters (Sita, Amba, Draupati). On one note, it emphasises the need for women to rise and fight for their rights.Fictive Testimony and Genre Tension: A Study of ‘Functionality’ of Genre in Manto’s Toba Tek Singh, analyses the story as a testimony and Manto as a witness. It discusses the ‘Testimony and Fictive Testimony’ in Literature. It explains how the works are segregated into a particular genre. The authors conclude that the testimony is to be used to understand or identify with the terror.Tangible Heritage and Intangible Memory: (Coping) Precarity in the select Partition writings by Muslim Women, explores the predicament of women during the Partition of India through Mumtaz Shah Nawaz’s The Heart Divided (1990) and Attia Hosain’s Sunlight on a Broken Column (2009). It addresses ‘Feminist Geography’ to escape precarity. It depicts a woman who is cut off from her own ethnic or religious group and tries to conjure up her memories as a means of coping with loneliness and insecurity.Nation Building Media Narratives and its Anti-Ecological Roots: An Eco-Aesthetic Analysis of Khushwant Singh’s Train to Pakistan, analyses the post-Partition trauma in the fictional village, Mano Majra. It illustrates the cultural and spiritual bond between Mano Majrans — the inhabitants of Mano Majra — and nature (the land and river). It demonstrates how the media constructs broad myths about culture, religion, and nation. According to the authors, Mano Majrans place a high value on the environment, whilst the other boundaries are more concerned with nationalism and religion.Pain and Hopelessness among Indian Farmers: An Analysis of Deepa Bhatia’s Nero’s Guests documents the farmers’ suicides in India as a result of debt and decreased crop yield. The travels of Sainath and his encounters with the relatives of missing farmers have been chronicled in the documentary Nero’s Guests. It uses the Three Step Theory developed by David Klonsky and Alexis May and discusses suicide as a significant social issue. The authors conclude that farmers are the foundation of the Indian economy and that without them, India’s economy would collapse. It is therefore everyone’s responsibility—the people and the government—to give farmers hope so that they can overcome suicidal thoughts.The link between animals and children in various cultures is discussed in The New Sociology of Childhood: Animal Representations in Leslie Marmon Silko’s Garden in the Dunes, Amazon’s Oh My Dog, and Netflix’s Mughizh: A Cross-Cultural Analysis. It examines the chosen works from the perspectives of cross-cultural psychology and the New Sociology of Childhood. It emphasises kids as self-sufficient, engaged, and future members of society. It emphasises universal traits that apply to all people, regardless of culture. It acknowledges anthropomorphized cartoons create a bond between kids and animals.Life in Hiding: Censorship Challenges faced by Salman Rushdie and Perumal Murugan, explores the issues sparked by their writings. It draws attention to the aggression and concerns that were forced on them by the particular sect of society. It explains the writers’ experiences with the fatwa, court case, exile, and trauma.Female Body as the ‘Other’: Rituals and Biotechnical Approach using Perumal Murugan’s One Part Woman and Matrubhoomi: A Nation Without Women, questions the society that limits female bodies for procreation and objectification. It talks about how men and women are regarded differently, as well as the cultural ideals that apply to women. It explains infertility, which is attributed to women, as well as people’s ignorance and refusal to seek medical help in favour of adhering to traditional customs and engaging in numerous rituals for procreation.Life and (non) Living: Technological and Human Conglomeration in Android Kunjappan Version 5.25, explores how cyborgs and people will inevitably interact in the Malayalam film Android Kunjappan Version 5.25. It demonstrates the advantages, adaptability, and drawbacks of cyborgs in daily life. It emphasises how the cyborg absorbs cultural and religious notions. The authors argue that cyborgs are an inevitable development in the world and that until the flaws are fixed, humans must approach cyborgs with caution. The Challenges of Using Machine Translation While Translating Polysemous Words, discusses the difficulty of using machine translation to translate polysemous words from French to English (Google Translate). It serves as an example of how the machine chooses the formal or often-used meaning rather than the pragmatic meaning and applies it in every situation. It demonstrates how Machine Translation is unable to understand the pragmatic meaning of Polysemous terms because it is ignorant of the cultures of the source and target languages. It implies that Machine Translation will become extremely beneficial and user-friendly if the flaws are fixed.This collection of articles progresses through the literary and visual narratives of India that range from historical events to contemporary situations. It aims to record the stories that are silenced and untold through writing, film, and other forms of art. India’s artistic output was influenced by factors such as independence, partition, the Kashmir crisis, the Northeast Insurgency, marginalisation, religious disputes, environmental awareness, technical breakthroughs, Bollywood, and the Indian film industry. India now reflects a multitude of cultures and customs as a result of these occurrences. As we examine the Indian narratives produced to date, we can draw the conclusion that India has a vast array of tales to share with the rest of the world.Guest Editorial BoardGuest Editor-in-ChiefDr. Bhuvaneswari R, Associate Professor, School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai. She has pursued her master’s at the University of Madras, Chennai and doctoral research at HNB Central University, Srinagar. Her research areas of interest are ELT, Children/Young Adult Literature, Canadian writings, Indian literature, and Contemporary Fiction. She is passionate about environmental humanities. She has authored and co-authored articles in National and International Journals.Guest EditorsCynthiya Rose J S, Assistant Professor (Jr.), School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai. Her research interests are Children’s Literature, Indian Literature and Graphic Novels.Maria Baptist S, Assistant Professor (Jr.), School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai. His research interests include Crime/Detective fiction and Indian Literature.MembersDr. Sufina K, School of Science and Humanities, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, IndiaDr. Narendiran S, Department of Science and Humanities, St. Joseph’s Institute of Technology, Chennai, India

A different name than English literature, ‘Anglo-Indian Literature’, was given to the body of literature in English that emerged on account of the British interaction with India unlike the case with their interaction with America or Australia or New Zealand. Even the Indians’ contributions (translations as well as creative pieces in English) were classed under the caption ‘Anglo-Indian’ initially but later a different name, ‘Indo-Anglian’, was conceived for the growing variety and volume of writings in English by the Indians. However, unlike the former the latter has not found a favour with the compilers of English dictionaries. With the passage of time the fine line of demarcation drawn on the basis of subject matter and author’s point of view has disappeared and currently even Anglo-Indians’ writings are classed as ‘Indo-Anglian’. Besides contemplating on various connotations of the term ‘Indo-Anglian’ the article discusses the related issues such as: the etymology of the term, fixing the name of its coiner and the date of its first use. In contrast to the opinions of the historians and critics like K R S Iyengar, G P Sarma, M K Naik, Daniela Rogobete, Sachidananda Mohanty, Dilip Chatterjee and Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak it has been brought to light that the term ‘Indo-Anglian’ was first used in 1880 by James Payn to refer to the Indians’ writings in English rather pejoratively. However, Iyengar used it in a positive sense though he himself gave it up soon. The reasons for the wide acceptance of the term, sometimes also for the authors of the sub-continent, by the members of academia all over the world, despite its rejection by Sahitya Akademi (the national body of letters in India), have also been contemplated on. References Alphonso-Karkala, John B. (1970). 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(Eds.) (1997). The Vintage Book of Indian Writing 1947 – 1997. London: Vintage. Sampson, George. (1959 [1941]). Concise Cambridge History of English Literature [The]. Cambridge: UP. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.18336. Sarma, Gobinda Prasad. (1990). Nationalism in Indo-Anglian Fiction. New Delhi: Sterling. Singh, Kh. Kunjo. (2002). The Fiction of Bhabani Bhattacharya. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers and Distributors. Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty. (2012). How to Read a ‘Culturally Different’ Book. An Aesthetic Education in the Era of Globalization, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. Sturgeon, Mary C. (1916). Studies of Contemporary Poets, London: George G Hard & Co., Retrieved from: https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.95728. Thomson, W S (Ed). (1876). Anglo-Indian Prize Poems, Native and English Writers, In: Commemoration of the Visit of His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales to India. London: Hamilton, Adams & Co., Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/ books?id=QrwOAAAAQAAJ Wadia, A R. (1954). The Future of English. Bombay: Asia Publishing House. Wadia, B J. (1945). Foreword to K R Srinivasa Iyengar’s The Indian Contribution to English Literature. Bombay: Karnatak Publishing House. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/ details/indiancontributi030041mbp Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language. (1989). New York: Portland House. Yule, H. and A C Burnell. (1903). Hobson-Jobson: A Glossary of Colloquial Anglo-Indian Words and Phrases, and of Kindred Terms, Etymological, Historical, Geographical and Discursive. W. Crooke, Ed. London: J. Murray. Retrieved from: https://archive.org/ details/hobsonjobsonagl00croogoog Sources www.amazon.com/Indo-Anglian-Literature-Edward-Charles-Buck/dp/1358184496 www.archive.org/stream/livingage18projgoog/livingage18projgoog_djvu.txt www.catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001903204?type%5B%5D=all&lookfor%5B%5D=indo%20anglian&ft= www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B.L._Indo_Anglian_Public_School,_Aurangabad www.everyculture.com/South-Asia/Anglo-Indian.html www.solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?fn=search&ct=search&initialSearch=true&mode=Basic&tab=local&indx=1&dum=true&srt=rank&vid=OXVU1&frbg=&tb=t&vl%28freeText0%29=Indo-Anglian+Literature+&scp.scps=scope%3A%28OX%29&vl% 28516065169UI1%29=all_items&vl%281UIStartWith0%29=contains&vl%28254947567UI0%29=any&vl%28254947567UI0%29=title&vl%28254947567UI0%29=any www.worldcat.org/title/indo-anglian-literature/oclc/30452040

This research is a systematic literature review of factors that influence repurchase intention. Repurchase intention is important for companies because it will shape customer behavior to become loyal, customers usually tend to have an interest in buying products or services repeatedly so that the company will benefit from products or services that have been sold. The aim of this research is to provide insights into the research trends and issues in the studies of Repurchase Intention. The literature search focused on finding journals published between 2018 and 2023. Only English-language journals with the keyword Repurchase Intention were used in this research. Researchers found 80 journals that matched these keywords but after reading the collected articles thoroughly and removing duplicate and irrelevant articles, the authors produced 50 articles to be used in this research. The findings highlight key drivers for increasing sales: Satisfaction, Trust, Perceived Value, Price, and Word of Mouth. Additionally, 14 moderating factors were identified, with Age being the most prominent in four articles. Korea, India, and Indonesia lead research contributions, each with six articles. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is the prevailing measurement method, while other approaches persist. Companies are recommended to prioritize these core factors for consumer engagement. Future research should delve into unexplored moderating factors and alternative measurement methods, enriching our understanding of this vital field.

This article investigates representations of gender and class inequality in Attia Hosain’s classic novel Sunlight on a Broken Column (1961) and her short story collection Phoenix Fled and Other Stories (1953). It compares her work with that of Shama Futehally, another elite Muslim Indian woman writing in English several decades later. Born 40 years after Attia Hosain, the postcolonial world of Shama Futehally is very different, but the issues she explores in her fiction are remarkably similar: social and economic inequality, exploitation of the poor, and the ambiguous position of women privileged by their social class and disempowered by their gender. Both authors write carefully crafted realist fiction focusing predominantly on the experiences and perspectives of female characters. Shama Futehally’s novel Tara Lane (1993), like Attia Hosain’s Sunlight on a Broken Column, is a coming-of-age novel whose protagonist is a young Muslim woman in an affluent family, coming to terms with the uneasy combination of class privilege, gender disadvantage, and a strong social conscience. Both authors explore the perspectives of working-class Indian women in their short stories, emphasizing their vulnerability to exploitation (including sexual exploitation), as well as the deeply problematic nature of “noblesse oblige”. Aware of the interconnections between gender and class inequality, Attia Hosain and Shama Futehally have written powerful fictional works which effectively dramatize not only the complex relationship between gender and social class hierarchies, but also the ways in which all privilege is predicated on inequality.

Magic realism or magical realism is a genre where magical or unreal elements play a natural part in an otherwise realistic environment. Although it is most commonly used as a literary genre, magic realism also applies to film and the visual arts. An example of magic realism occurs when a character in the story continuous to be alive beyond the normal length of life and this is subtly depicted by the character being present throughout many generations. On the surface the story has no clear magical attributes and everything is conveyed in a real setting and breaks the rules of our real world. Magic realism is term used to describe the everyday reality with supernatural events. The two terms ‘magic’ and ‘realism’ have become to intertwined that strange, unearthly happenings become almost an accepted, even normal part of daily life. Magic realism considers being a postcolonial phenomenon. Magic realism is to be found only in the post colonial texts. The writers of colonized countries incorporate magic realism in their writings as a mode of resistance to western rationalism. There is no place for logic in magic realism. In countries like India, People believe in myths and ghosts as they believe in history. Magical things do not constitute the Indian culture. There is realism also. Diaspora writers’ characters make use of magic realism to escape to a world of fantasy for it provides them pleasure, relief, and an escape from the excruciating pain they experience in an alien land. The term magical realism was introduced by Franz Roh, a German art critic in 1952. When Roh coined the term the mean it to create an art category the strayed from the strict guidelines of realism, but the term did not name an artistic movement until the 1940s in Latin America and the Caribbean. Magic realism or Magical realism is a genre of 20th century English literature. This paper deals Magical Realism in Indian literature and its authors.

Abstract Background This study reviewed the completeness of reporting in Indian qualitative public health research (QPHR) studies using the ‘Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research’ (COREQ) checklist. Methods Search results from five electronic databases were screened by two independent reviewers. We included English-language, primary QPHR studies from India, which were assessed for their compliance with the COREQ checklist. Each COREQ item was noted as either reported or unreported. Descriptive statistics for the number of COREQ items reported by each study, and the number of studies that reported each COREQ item were reported, as were the items reported in each year, and in pre- and post-COREQ time periods. Results Of 537 citations, 246 articles were included. Trends demonstrated an increasing number of Indian QPHR studies being published annually, and an overall increase in reporting completeness since 1997. Only two COREQ items were reported in all studies. 52.4% of articles reported between 16 and 21 items, corresponding to 43–57% of items being reported. Six items were reported in fewer than 10% of studies. COREQ domain 1 was least frequently reported. Conclusions Despite improving trends, the reporting of QPHR in India is incomplete. Authors and journals should ensure adherence to reporting guidelines.

Abstract In 1961 the Government of India appointed a Standing Commission for Scientific and Technical Terminology to formulate principles for evolution of terminology and preparation of standard textbooks in Hindi and other Indian Languages. The Commission published several glossaries of Engineering terminology, but none of mining engineering. From 1943 to 1954, Professor Raghu Vira, the noted Indian linguist, also published quite a few special dictionaries, and for the first time collected and compiled some mining terms in his Comprehensive English-Hindi Dictionary (1981). Though these indicate a first positive move toward collecting, processing and disseminating specialised vocabularies, their authors' principles and methods of developing terminologies vary. For want of a standard terminology of mining in Hindi and a lack of understanding of terminological concepts and their interrelationships, no textbook of mining could be written in or translated into Indian languages. It is also realised that translation of mining literature should be done by mining engineer translators who understand the systems of concepts, systems of terms and principles of translation. For a wider dissemination of scientific knowledge and technical skills, development of terminologies in Indian languages on internationally accepted sound terminological principles is necessary, even though presently subject specialists communicate in English. With the present government formulating programmes to use on a large scale the new communication technology in our school system, teaching of terminology within the framework of ESP syllabus at undergraduate level is also suggested.

Agricultural products, including root fruits, make up a large part of a person’s vital needs. Therefore, cultivating root fruits and harvesting crops without harm is one of the main tasks of agricultural events. Considering the above, it is of great importance to have information about the scientific research and scientific results achieved by our scientists in this field. To this aim, a bibliometric analysis of articles on root harvesters published in the Scopus database between 1982 and 2022 was used to understand the current state of studying cultivating agricultural products, including root fruits, and harvesting their crops and to provide references for future studies. To carry out this research different tools such as Office Excel 2021, VOS Viewer and Mapchart.net were used. The literature retrieved totaled 201 articles, of which 70% were research papers. During the last four decades, the quantity of published papers has increased significantly. For example, there were 22 papers published in 2019, 22 times increase over the number of papers published in 2002 (1 paper). It was found that the top five countries that published the most literature were China, the United States, India, the United Kingdom, and Canada, which published 44, 43, 12, 12, and 10 articles, respectively. During the chosen period 159 authors from 58 countries contributed to the given field.

Nursing research is rapidly increasing, yet contributions from numerous countries that may interest the international nursing community are impeded because many research articles are published in authors’ native language and not in English. The objectives of this work were to systematically review papers published in Italian related to job satisfaction and the quality of nursing care, and to discuss their findings in light of the international literature. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method was used. The Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) and Indice della Letteretura Italiana di Scienze Infermieristiche (ILISI) databases were consulted for eligible studies published from January 2015 to November 2022. Two hundred sixteen papers were identified, 11 of which were selected for review: 8 on job satisfaction, two on workload issues, and 1 on quality of nursing care. The quality of included studies was assessed through the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment tool (EPHPP). The results of our review were in line with those of international literature, and they can help to fill the knowledge gap on the quality of nursing performance in Italian care settings. In addition, the proposed method can provide further elements of discussion among literature providers and reviewers.

Abstract A whirlwind historical tour of the trade publishing (in English) landscape in India from the start of printing down to the present day, 75 years after Independence. The piece attempts to be a capsule history surveying the evolution of the trade book market through the multiple perspectives of authors, booksellers, genres, publishers, and market data. This is intended primarily as a quick introduction to the beginner and practitioner alike and is not intended to be an exhaustive narrative either by chronology or by genre or market information. It is a quick one-stop reference point for those who would like to see when and how the foundations for trade publishing were late, the key historical imperatives, early writing movements, the earliest booksellers, the beginnings of a formalized and sustained market through imports and distribution, and looks at the evolution of local Indian English publishing and how that has matured into a significant industry; and concludes by taking stock of current market realities and assays forward initiatives needed to reach the next level of stable development.

The debut book of Malayalam author Sheela Tomy, Valli: A Novel, was shortlisted for the JCB Prize for Literature in 2022 and is a contribution to the expanding body of Indian eco-fiction. Jayasree Kalathil translated the book into English. Valli is similar to other eco-fictional works from the South-Western region of India by authors like Na D'Souza's Dweepa: Island (2013), Pundalik Naik's The Upheaval (2002), and Akkineni Kutumbarao's Softly Dies a Lake (2020) in that it treats the land as a living entity throbbing with life. The hardships of rural communities, steeped in tradition, mythology, and unwritten norms governing how they should handle the environment as they attempt to navigate the hurdles of modernization, are central to all of these stories. However, Tomy takes her poetic and artistic descriptions of the landscape a step further by utilising the literary device of pathetic fallacy throughout the book. The author alludes to the Wayanadan people's spiritual interconnectedness to and dependency on the land by foregrounding the hamlet of Kalluvayal, the river Kabani, and the flora and fauna of Wayanad before she speaks about its residents and their worries.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a better understanding of the development of intelligent agriculture (IA) in China, which is an important tendency in advancing the agricultural productivity in the coming era.Design/methodology/approachConsidering publications as featured evidence of an emerging phenomenon, the authors review publications of IA. Specifically, the use of term, definition and examples of IA, both English and Chinese literature, and government policies of China are all reviewed. Additionally, the authors use basic statistical and thematic analysis to help synthesizing the literature and drawing conclusions. Findings from various sources of publications supplement with each other.FindingsIA in China has shown three main characteristics: unbalanced geographic distribution, an early stage of the trend and attention mainly focused on a limited range of technologies. Compared with the development of IA in other countries, such as Japan, India and the USA, featured with diversified properties, similarities and differences of IA development in China and in other countries are also discussed.Originality/valueThis general review contributes by uncovering the emergence of IA, identifying its general definition with a comprehensive set of practical examples and pointing out the present characteristics and problems of IA development in China. The general review provides a necessary summary for the policy makers and researchers to have a systematic understanding of IA and better promote its future development. At last, the paper calls for a process-based strategy with different goals at different stages, a sustainable mechanism coordinated by multiple participants, and a localized consideration for relevant policy making.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report results of a study which investigated the growth of open access (OA) journals across the world with reference to the Asian region. Details of 117 OA journals were collected from the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) to determine the geographic distribution, language of publication and growth of periodical year-wise. The study makes detail analysis of four OA periodical published from India, Iran, Pakistan and Taiwan. Pattern of authorship and contribution according to nature of professional work were analyzed. The study reveals that most contributions were made by teaching professionals in comparison to working library and information officers. Single-authored contributions dominated (44 per cent) in all periodicals of the Asian region, indicating low amount of teamwork/collaborative contributions to library and information science (LIS) research by the authors of this region. To know the subject distribution of articles, the study was limited to 27 subfields within the broad spectrum of LIS. Annals of Library and Information Sciences (ALIS) published in India carried the highest number of articles (165) followed by Journal of Library and Information Sciences (JLIS) from Taiwan. The findings of the study also indicate that there is varied distribution of topics within the Asian LIS literature published in OA journals. Most popular areas of writing among authors in OA journals have been found to be bibliometics, webometrics, research productivity or research methods besides information seeking pattern, information need of users and digital libraries. Design/methodology/approach – To gather data for the present investigation, survey of OA e-journals was made across the Web. The collection of data from OA journals and content was accompanied by searching the DOAJ. After selecting the OA journals, these were analyzed using the descriptions on their content page and key words chosen from each contribution. Selection of additional key words, i.e. words not in the title, was also made. Analysis of this data is discussed in this paper. Findings – OA removes restrictions that exist on access to scholarly information and knowledge, it empowers the readers to read, download, distribute and make use of relevant literature, besides giving authors and their work fairly good visibility, readership and impact. The OA movement is gaining importance and the scholarly community is now realizing that tolled or subscribed access is creating a barrier and preventing their work from wider accessibility and readership. A number of journals across the world are now being published in OA mode. The present study attempts to map the growth of LIS literature in OA journals with special reference to periodicals published from Asian countries. The finding of this sample study suggests that many counties are promoting OA journals. While USA ranks first in publication of OA journals in the world. Taiwan publishes the highest number of articles in Asia. Majority of OA journals are published in English, and English appears to be most popular language for communicating research information. Of the four OA LIS journals analyzed in detail, it is observed that single-authored contributions are most popular. Collaborative contributions to LIS research were not so evident among authors of the Asian community. The teaching professionals or LIS teachers contributed the greatest number of articles, except for the Indian journal ALIS, demonstrating that working professional are more actively involved in writing and they outnumber the teaching community. Contributions from research students in all OA journals have been fairly significant. Research students may be encouraged to publish their master’s and doctoral research work in OA periodicals for better visibility, readership and impact. The study further reveals that ALIS from India and JLIS from Taiwan carried the highest number of articles. While areas like bibliometrics, webometrics and e-resources and OA are most popular areas of writing among Indian authors, information-seeking pattern, information need, digital and virtual libraries have been popular among authors from Taiwan. Webology from Iran has predominant articles on Web study or evaluation and social networking. Universities and LIS need to come forward to take a need-based approach to LIS research, suggesting ways for improving existing LIS services in their respective countries. To get the correct picture of growth of OA journals in the Asian region, more exhaustive and extensive study may be required. Researchers interested to carry further investigation will have to adopt appropriate measures to overcome the limitations mentioned in the study, for example, the source of data DOAJ may not be very extensive to give correct picture of OA journals. It is likely that some journals may not have been included in this directory. Researchers interested to carry further investigations will have to adopt appropriate measures to overcome these constraints. Research limitations/implications – Scope and limitation access to data and timely completion are the two vital factors for the success and accomplishment of the objectives of any investigation. Hence, considering the vast range of literature from every geographical region and limited time to complete research, the present study adhered to the following limitations. The study covers in its scope literature published in the period of five years (accessed from March 28 to May 25, 2011, only). The study includes only those publications/journals contributed by authors in English. The study includes four OA journals having full-text articles in English, abstracts not included. It considers those publications primarily inclined and relevant to library and information services. The study includes only those OA LIS journals listed or included in DOAJ. Originality/value – The present study has been taken with view to analyze the growth of OA journals in LIS with special reference to Asian countries. While several studies have been conducted on growth and publishing of traditional LIS journals, the present study is perhaps an interesting attempt to make a comprehensive review of the phenomena. The finding of the recent study will be of interest to many LIS professionals, researchers and academicians as it demonstrate the growth of OA journals.

IntroductionIschaemic heart disease (IHD) is one of the leading causes of death and disease burden in India affecting all age groups. To reduce the deaths and tackle the burden of existing IHD, the government approach has been mostly through the National Health Policy (2017) and National Programme for Prevention and Control of Diabetes, Cardiovascular diseases and Stroke. This paper offers a protocol for the systematic review of studies exploring the factors influencing service readiness of the public health system of India to tackle the burden of IHD.Methods and analysisElectronic databases of Embase (Ovid), AMED (Ovid), HMIC (Ovid), BNI (ProQuest), CINAHL (EBSCO), EMCARE (Ovid), PsycINFO (ProQuest), MEDLINE/PubMed and Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics) will be searched till 2020 for primary studies. Grey literature will be accessed through OpenGrey, TRIP Medical, WHO database, MoHFW website, Open Government Data (OGD) Platform of India and Google Scholar (between 2010 and 2020). Primary studies meeting the eligibility criteria and grey literature published in English between 2010 and 2020 will be included. Data will be analysed through a conceptual framework, and the primary outcome will constitute both quantitative and qualitative data. The quality of included studies will be assessed based on study design. Data will be managed on the COVIDENCE platform. All authors will be involved in data extraction, quality appraisal, data synthesis and formulation of the final draft.Ethics and disseminationThis study, being a systematic review, does not involve any clinical trial, primary data collection or empirical study involving humans or animals. Therefore, no ethical permissions were sought by reviewers.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020219490.

Three types of academic sources are crucial for understanding the Hindu tradition in our times: a) scriptures and the classical texts that are available mostly in Sanskrit b) works in the English language produced by orientalists, religious studies scholars, and some modern Hindu religious leaders themselves, and c) writings of colonial/post-colonial Hindu and Muslim scholars on Hinduism in Hindi/Urdu language that is understood by a vast majority of the population in South Asia. Many Hindu authors used to write on their religion in Urdu using the Perso-Arabic script in colonial India. Similarly, some Muslim authors also produced scholarly works on Hinduism in Urdu, which could open up better Hindu-Muslim understanding. However, Urdu ceased to be the medium of such writings when religion and language surfaced as two vital factors in national identity constructions in the changing sociopolitical milieu, a process through which the Urdu language became associated with Muslim culture and religion. As a result, the number of Urdu works on Hinduism decreased sharply after British India's partition along religious lines. Nevertheless, this body of Urdu literature is an essential part of the history of modern Hinduism. Keeping this in view, we have produced a comprehensive thematic bibliography of Urdu works on Hinduism, including books, dissertations, and journal articles, which would help preserve the history of the indigenous study of Hinduism in modern times.

After the two world wars and India's independence from the British in 1947, English-language writing in India has advanced significantly. Since the two world wars and India's independence from the British in 1947, Indian Writing in English, as it was once known, has advanced significantly with a few countable writers on the horizon. There weren't many writers in the corpus of works that were produced in the English language by Indian writers, especially before the label changed from Indo-Anglian Literature (that was named such before) to Indian Writing in English. The two most recent female authors to contribute to the field of Indian English literature are Kiran Desai and Jhumpa Lahiri, yet their creativity transcends the confines of gender. They speak to an Indian culture that has experienced social anguish and cultural displacement both inside and outside of their own nation as a result of globalisation and immigration. They express the suffering of Indian immigrants who have migrated in foreign countries and are filled with sentiments of loneliness and displacement while having no other options for freedom on many fronts. The selection of these two highly regarded and award-winning authors was made for a variety of reasons, including the fact that they are both contemporary writers with a wide range of parallels and differences. They share a lot of traits, yet they also naturally vary in overt and subtle ways. Nonetheless, the literary output they provide readers with is overwhelmingly impressive, and they give voice to the world's silent immigrants. They present sorrowful, yet true, stories. For instance, the fictional character Biju from Kiran Desai's novella “Inheritance of Loss” has heart breaking anecdotes to share with us about his status as an illegal immigrant and how he concealed from American Immigration police agents by vanishing from the restaurant and through the hotel's mouse hole. There are now tens of thousands of Bijus living in countries like the United States, Germany, France, Canada, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, etc. Lahiri contrasts the two lives of two brothers who are travelling in opposite directions in her novel “Lowland”, which is a poignant and emotional depiction of immigrants. State terrorism claims the life of a young man as the wealthy continue to amass ever-increasing wealth at the expense of the poor, who continue to live in poverty. The “Lowland”, which was nominated for the prestigious Man Booker Prize in 2013, is sensitive to the brutal realities of society and the way the state uses the rural and ignorant majority for political purposes. The handling of female characters in immigrant stories also calls for a critical examination of Lahiri and Desai's literary creations. Another one of the well-known female writer Margaret Atwood in her novel “Surfacing” the main subject is separation. This is established in the opening chapter, as it is revealed that the narrator is politically dispossessed as an English speaker living in Quebec at a period when Québec was wanting to become an independent French-speaking nation. The narrator compares human contact to that of animals because she feels cut off from the people around her. As an illustration, the narrator thinks of an animal "at the instant the trap closes" while overhearing David and Anna having sex. Extremist David, who argues that Canada would be better off without the "fascist pig Yanks" and advises that they be driven out of the country by assault beavers, is the face of nationalism. The researcher opted to pick these two Indian immigrant women writers and Margaret Atwood for the dissertation as a result.

One of the primary conditions of our equal participation in the world scholarly community, first of all in the countries of the regions under study, is the awareness of our foreign colleagues and their works and academic activities. The article tells about one of the most reputed Indian philologists of our time, the recently deceased S. R. Farooqi. In the Urdu-speaking world he is known as an encyclopedist who made a huge contribution to the study of the Urdu language, literature and the culture associated with this language, and changed to a certain extent the direction of the development of literary criticism in Urdu. S. R. Farooqi was also a talented poet and prose writer. His works as well as poems, stories and novels have received prestigious awards and have been translated into foreign languages.S. R. Farooqi was an unique admirer of Russian philology among Indian and Pakistani scholars; he knew practically all the works of our famous academics that are available in English and Urdu translations. The names of Russian authors and quotations from their works can be seen on the pages of his publications. There is a translation of a passage from a well-known monograph by S. R. Faruqi at the end of the article, in which the Indian scholar shares his opinion on the book by our colleague, Prof. N. I. Prigarina about the great Urdu poet Mirza Ghalib translated into Urdu.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that was declared as a pandemic has been the main subject of research all over the world. Especially studies on COVID-19 vaccines has become a hope for everyone. In this study, we aimed to analyse entire literature through Web of Science© Core Collection Database and reveal the current status of COVID-19 vaccine literature. We entered the keywords “COVID-19” and “vaccine” to Web of Science© Core Collection Database on January 20, 2021. Web of Science categories, document types, organizations, funding agencies, authors, journals, countries, languages, study fields, were investigated. A total of 2,765 publications with 24,202 citations times were involved into the study. Majority of the publications were original articles. Immunology, General Internal Medicine and Experimental Medicine Research were the top categories. Top productive Universities were Harvard University, University of California System and University of London. Dhama K. had the highest number of publications followed by Mahase E. and Baric RS. Journal of Biomolecular Structure Dynamics had published the highest number of publications. Majority of the publications were written in English. The United States of America was the most productive country followed by China and India. Research in vaccines is a growing field and is an essential component in the fight against COVID-19. Detailed analyses on vaccine publications may help researchers determine the future perspective.

Increasing trends of environmental pollution and emerging contaminants from anthropogenic activities have urged researchers to develop innovative strategies in wastewater management, including those using the biocatalyst laccase (EC 1.10.3.2). Laccase works effectively against a variety of substrates ranging from phenolic to non-phenolic compounds which only require molecular oxygen to be later reduced to H2O as the final product. In this study, we performed a bibliometric analysis on the metadata of literature acquired through the Scopus database (24 October 2022) with keyword combination “Laccase” AND “Pollutant” OR “Wastewater”. The included publications were filtered based on year of publication (1978–2022), types of articles (original research articles and review articles) and language (English). The metadata was then exported in a CSV (.csv) file and visualized on VosViewer software. A total of 1865 publications were identified, 90.9% of which were original research articles and the remaining 9.1% were review articles. Most of the authors were from China (n = 416; 22.3%) and India (n = 276; 14.79%). In the case of subject area, ‘Environmental Science’ emerged with the highest published documents (n = 1053; 56.46%). The identified papers mostly cover laccase activity in degrading pollutants, and chitosan, which can be exploited for the immobilization. We encourage more research on laccase-assisted wastewater treatment, especially in terms of collaborations among organizations.

R.K. Narayan is considered one of the most eminent Indian authors in the English language. Narayan mostly focuses on portraying middle-class folks from Malgudi, a fictional location he created in South India. His writings feature a diverse array of male and female characters. Within each of his novels, there exists a female character that holds a significant role in the narrative. Rosie, in The Guide, is one such female character. She embodies a contemporary woman who is well-educated and driven, who aspires to achieve financial independence based on her own preferences and abilities, despite facing significant sacrifices. Raju's mother and Velan's sister are among the other female characters depicted in the story. Raju's mother embodies the conservative and orthodox ladies who adhere to tradition and culture. She is a conscientious spouse and an affectionate parent. She provides guidance to both Raju and Rosie regarding moral principles and ethical conduct. However, if her advice is ignored, she departs from her residence and accompanies her brother to reside with him. Velan's sister has a little yet significant part in the narrative, as her presence contributes to portraying Raju as a saintly figure. This research aims to investigate this particular component of R.K. in a modest manner. The characterisation of Narayan. Keywords: The role of women, fiction, family, stories, novels, general literature

<b>Aim: </b>Amebiasis is a disease caused by protozoon <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>, that results in amoebic dysentery. While intestinal parasites are the third leading cause of death, especially in developing countries, it has been of global concern. Bibliometric methods have been used in the parasitology discipline for more than 30 years, however there is not any bibliometric study on amebiasis in the literature. Our aim was to analyse the published literature on amebiasis by bibliometric methods.<br /> <b>Material and methods: </b>A systematic evaluation of the literature using the Scopus database was made from inception to 2021. The search terms ‘amebiasis’, ‘<i>Entamoeba</i>’, ‘<i>Entamoeba histolytica’</i>, and ‘amoebic dysentery’ were used. The authors, publication year, title, publishing country/journal/institution, title, keywords, and citation numbers were acquired for each article. Descriptive data analysis was conducted via Microsoft Excel 2010 and Scopus database’s graphics were used.<br /> Results: Among 7,140 articles, 18.9 % of them were published open access, and 72.75 % of them were in the English language. Most of the articles were from the area of medicine. The USA, Mexico, and India were the top leading countries. The number of publications did not fall below 50 per year since 1950. There was an increasing number of citations on amebiasis research recently.<br /> <b>Conclusion: </b>Amebiasis is a global concern as one of the leading infectious causes of mortality in developing countries. Bibliometric analysis has shown the growing attraction to the amebiasis research, so it will continue to be global public health issue.<br /> <b>Key words: </b>amebiasis, bibliometric analysis, <i>Entamoeba&nbsp;histolytica</i>, bibliometrics

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) to health has increased, including to COVID-19. This study aimed to provide a clear overview of COVID-19-related AI publication trends using longitudinal bibliometric analysis. A systematic literature search was conducted on the Web of Science for English language peer-reviewed articles related to AI application to COVID-19. A search strategy was developed to collect relevant articles and extracted bibliographic information (e.g., country, research area, sources, and author). VOSviewer (Leiden University) and Bibliometrix (R package) were used to visualize the co-occurrence networks of authors, sources, countries, institutions, global collaborations, citations, co-citations, and keywords. We included 729 research articles on the application of AI to COVID-19 published between 2020 and 2021. PLOS One (33/729, 4.52%), Chaos Solution Fractals (29/729, 3.97%), and Journal of Medical Internet Research (29/729, 3.97%) were the most common journals publishing these articles. The Republic of China (190/729, 26.06%), the USA (173/729, 23.73%), and India (92/729, 12.62%) were the most prolific countries of origin. The Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan University, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences were the most productive institutions. This is the first study to show a comprehensive picture of the global efforts to address COVID-19 using AI. The findings of this study also provide insights and research directions for academic researchers, policymakers, and healthcare practitioners who wish to collaborate in these domains in the future.

Fort William College was the training centre for English Officers that was established to teach them native language. This institution also had tremendous services in promoting Urdu language. In this thesis the books of the authors of Fort William College will be analysed critically. The books on linguistics, narrative literature, narration, religion and on morality are specifically included. The focus in these books is particularly on the use of simple diction. These books are also very useful manuscripts for the storage of different words.In colonial India the colonial powers did several reforms for winning the sympathy of the Indians. The only aim behind these reforms was strengthening their political monopoly and sovereignty. The main and important one among these reforms was establishment of educational institutions. From the platform of these institutions. They did a lot in the field of translations of various books to ensure the Indians that how sincere they are to them. In this scenario Delhi College was the prominent institute, which is redefined by colonial powers for achieving their goals. Several books were translated in this institute. These books were having literary, philosophical, historical, medical and of several other themes. It is a fact that these translations gave a lot to the Indians and they stepped forward towards education. This article shed light on the goals and objectives in view of the books translated in Fort William College and Delhi College.

Fecal contamination of water sources and open defecation have been linked to cholera outbreaks in India. However, a systematic review on the drivers responsible for these outbreaks has yet to be published. Here, we systematically review the published literature on cholera outbreaks in India between 2011 and 2020. We searched studies in English in three databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science) and the Integrated Disease Surveillance Program that tracks cholera outbreaks throughout India. Two authors independently extracted data and assessed the quality of the included studies. Quantitative data on the modes of transmission reviewed in this study were assessed for any change over time between 2011–2015 and 2016–2020. Our search retrieved 10823 records initially, out of which 81 full-text studies were assessed for eligibility. Among these 81 studies, 20 were eligible for inclusion in this review. There were 565 reported outbreaks between 2011 and 2020 that led to 45,759 cases and 263 deaths. Outbreaks occurred throughout the year; however, they exploded with monsoons (June through September). In Tamil Nadu, a typical peak of cholera outbreaks was observed from December to January. Seventy-two percent (33,089/45,759) of outbreak-related cases were reported in five states, namely Maharashtra, West Bengal, Punjab, Karnataka, and Madhya Pradesh. Analysis of these outbreaks highlighted the main drivers of cholera including contaminated drinking water and food, inadequate sanitation and hygiene (including open defecation), and direct contact between households. The comparison between 2011–2015 and 2016–2020 showed a decreasing trend in the outbreaks that arose due to damaged water pipelines. Many Indians still struggle with open defecation, sanitation, and clean water access. These issues should be addressed critically. In addition, it is essential to interrupt cholera short-cycle transmission (mediated by households, stored drinking water and foodstuffs) during an outbreak. As cholera is associated with deprivation, socio-economic development is the only long-term solution.

The Problem This issue of Advances addresses an important and so far largely unexplored area of practice and research: Talent management and development (TMD) in emerging market economies. Given the growing importance of the emerging markets, understanding how current and future talents in these countries are educated and trained is a matter of high priority for academics, business executives, and policy makers worldwide. However, systematic studies of TMD in emerging markets and especially English-language publications on this topic are scarce. We hope that this work closes an important gap in the academic literature by bridging TMD studies and research on emerging markets, and by providing analysis of TMD practices in a number of key emerging economies. The Solution TMD is one of the important areas of focus for human resource development (HRD) researchers and practitioners. Most research on TMD is conducted in the West, while the current state and indigenous practices of TMD in the majority of countries of the world are not explored. Articles in this special issue provided an overview of TMD in some of the emerging market economies: Asia, Eastern Europe, Middle East, Africa, and BRICS sector (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) and cover a range of TMD practices and topics. While some authors focused more on TMD in the business sector (e.g., Brazil, Russia, and India), others discussed such topics as TMD in higher education (e.g., Vietnam), the difference between private and public institutions in TMD for managers and executives (e.g., Korea, UAE), and current practices of TMD in the public and private sectors (China). Chapters from China, South Korea, Vietnam, Russia, India, UAE, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Brazil are included in this special issue. The Stakeholders This issue is expected to benefit HRD researchers, HRD practitioners, and organizations by providing TMD theories, research, and practice from different cultural perspectives around the globe. In addition, practical ways of talent development and talent management for organizations are advanced in the issue.

IntroductionIndia contributes to the highest number of neonatal deaths globally. It also has the greatest number of pneumonia-related neonatal deaths in the developing world. We aim to systematically review the evidence for the factors associated with mortality due to neonatal pneumonia in the Indian context, to address the lack of consolidated evidence on this important issue.Methods and analysisThis protocol is part of a series of three reviews on neonatal pneumonia in India. Observational studies reporting on outcome of neonatal pneumonia in the Indian context, and published in English in peer-reviewed and indexed journals will be eligible for inclusion. Outcomes of this review will be the factors determining mortality due to neonatal pneumonia. A total of nine databases will be searched. Electronic and hand searching of published and grey literature will be performed. Selection of studies will be done in title, abstract and full text screening stages. Risk of bias, independently assessed by two authors, will be evaluated. Meta-analysis will be performed and heterogeneity assessed. Pooled effect estimates will be stated with 95% confidence intervals. Narrative synthesis will be done where meta-analysis cannot be performed. Publication bias will be evaluated and sensitivity analysis performed according to study quality. Quality of this review will be evaluated using AMSTAR (Assessing the Methodological quality of Systematic Reviews) and GRADE (Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development & Evaluation). A summary of findings table will be reported using GRADEPro.Ethics and disseminationSince this is a review involving analysis of secondary data which is available in the public domain, and does not involve human participants, ethical approval was not required. The findings of the study will be shared with all stakeholders of this research. Knowledge dissemination workshops will be conducted with relevant stakeholders to transfer the evidence, tailored to the stakeholder (eg, policy briefs, publications, information booklets, etc).

The present study explores the characteristics of publication records for a total duration of twenty years, from 2000 to 2019, in the field of Curcuma longa research. This study has been carried out based on the multidisciplinary bibliographic database available with the Web of Science in Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCIE) and Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) and its implications, using the means of scientometrics research techniques. In order to make this analysis a holistic and comprehensive survey of the research trends in the chosen field, the following variables are taken into account: growth rate; global citation scores; distribution of publications by journals, conferences and institutions; favored media of communication; Hirsch index and citation profile of top institutions, countries and authors; contribution of funding agencies; high number of cited papers and characteristics of their bibliographic details. The total number of publication records has been found out to be 6087 during the study period. These 6087 publications have received 171 h-index, 1, 84,715 global citations score and 30.34 average citations. On the whole, 6087 records were published during the study period (2000-2019) in 18 types of documents from 107 countries with 2005 journals, contributed by as many as 20855 authors affiliated to 4879 institutions. These publications were brought out in 18 languages, and they received 1, 56,986 cited references. Majority of the records were in the form of journal articles, reviews, papers in conference proceedings and meeting abstracts, accounting for 97 percent of the total publications. Naturally enough, English happens to be the leading language of 98.8 percent to have accounted for the most number of publications. The four largest contributing countries in the total literature on Curcuma longa during the entire study period are India (24.68 percent), USA (17.7 percent), China (12.2 percent) and Iran (6.09 percent) respectively. The largest institutional contributor of publication records happens to be the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran with 1.8 percent of the papers to its credit. The most prolific authors to have published more number of research documents during the study period were Sahebkar A (73 papers), Aggarwal BB (67 papers), Nayak S (35 papers) and Kumar A (33 papers). The journal of “Food chemistry” Elsevier ltd tops the list of journals with maximum number of publication records in the field for the given study period with 70 publications, followed by “Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry” American Chemical Society (69 papers), “Phytotherapy Research” John Wiley and sons Ltd (63 papers) and “PLOS One” Public Library of Science (59 papers). While the Third World Congress on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - WOCMAP III held in February 2003 at Thailand resulted in the publication of 6 papers, the following three major funding agencies contributed immensely to the research activities in the field: ‘National Natural Science Foundation of China’ with 318papers, United States Department of Health & Human Services, USA with 304 papers and Council of Scientific Industrial Research, India with 99 papers.

The presence of pathogenic bacteria in organic feed and food is a topic of current subject of study due to concerns that certain organic practices may heighten the risk of contamination and contribute to the spread of foodborne pathogens. The primary objective of this research is to analyze the main microbial contaminants exclusively associated with organic products, as reported in the literature. The search and selection of suitable studies were conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Databases consulted included Web of Science Core Collection, Medline (PudMed) database, and UE Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) database. Using the EU RASFF System, we have summarized the notifications in relation to these products during the last 3 years in Europe. Eligibility criteria were studies published in English between 2000 and 2022. All authors performed critical appraisal and independent data extraction. Analysis of RASFF notifications related to organic products over the period from January 2020 to October 2022 revealed that 61.7% of notifications were related to food, while only 38.2% were related to feed. Salmonella emerged as the predominant pathogen reported in both organic food and feed. Notably, only one food outbreak linked to Salmonella Enteritidis in eggs was reported during the study period. Among food commodities, seeds were the most frequently affected, with the highest percentage of food products with alerts originating from India. Regarding antimicrobial resistance, a noteworthy trend was observed, with a decrease in multidrug-resistant strains favoring organic production compared to conventional methods. In conclusion, this research aimed to investigate the presence of pathogenic bacteria in organic feed and food, considering the potential risk factors associated with organic practices and their implications for food safety.

For Abiola Irele, friend, mentor, maître.Language for me is the soul of the text. I love the Arabic language, and I adore writing in it. It is the linguistic mold that I want to fill my personal stories and culture in, distinguished from that of Arabs.—Stella GaitanoI Will Start with Two Stories About This Thing Called Literature and the world it claims to name and possess.The first takes place in Shillong, in the northeast corner of India, a place far removed from the Indian heartland, closer to Bangladesh, Burma, and China than to New Delhi. The setting is the Shillong campus of the English and Foreign Languages University, where I have come to teach a seminar to junior academics and graduate students on decolonization as a theoretical problem. My students and I will embark on a two-week systematic rereading of the philosophical claims made for decolonization in the writings of canonical postcolonial writers, from Mahatma Gandhi's writing on nonviolence to Aimé Césaire's and Léopold Sédar Senghor's on negritude to Frantz Fanon's on the pitfalls of national consciousness to Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak's and Trinh T. Minh-Ha's on the figure of woman in difference. Although my students are attentive, their relation to these texts is ambivalent: they recognize the importance of these texts to understanding the making of the modern world, yet colonialism, as a world-historical event, occurred too long ago to be part of their lived experience. Their ambivalence is compounded by the fact that the urgency with which the authors of decolonization write, the sense that they are operating at the end of time—the time of Europe—belongs to a moment that no longer resonates with people struggling to survive in a more complex, globalized world. It is hard for my students to make the connection between Senghor's negritude and his incarceration in a Nazi prison camp in Poitiers during World War II or to see that event, the imprisonment of an African fighting for France, as connected to a paradigmatic break in the discourse of empire.

One of the things we discovered in the course of the Bridging the Unbridgeable project is that usage guides are predominantly produced by non-specialists. There are linguists, too, who wrote usage guides – David Crystal, for instance, Pam Peters and most recently Stephen Pinker – but authors are very often journalists and novelists. Kingsley Amis (1922–1995), whoseThe King's Englishwas published posthumously in 1997, is a good example, and so is Rebecca Gowers, who revised and updated her great-grandfather'sPlain Wordsin 2014. Examples of journalists-turned-usage-guide-writers are Simon Heffer (Strictly English, 2010) and Oliver Kamm (Accidence Will Happen, 2015). Writing is their job, so it is not surprising that novelists and journalists are drawn to language prescription as well. They may not be linguists in the strict sense, but they should be considered language specialists all the same.

Shakuntala is one of the most acclaimed women characters of Indian Literature. For the first time Shakuntala’s character originated in The Mahabharata. Since then she has been represented in various texts in various languages of India. The present paper is an attempt to analyze the representation of Shakuntala by the authors from ancient times to the present. For this purpose ancient work Abhijnana Shakuntalam by Kalidasa and the modern work Shakuntala: The Play of Memory by Namita Gokhale are studied. In Kalidasa’s Abhijnana Shakuntalam Shakuntala is the real daughter of Sage Vishvamitra and nymph Menka. However, she is adopted and brought up by Sage Kanva and his wife Gautmi. She is a rustic girl, brought up in a hermitage. With the progress of the play, she is married to King Dushyanta who forgets her because of a curse. Later, she was adopted by sage Kashyapa and his wife Aditi. She gives birth to a brave child Bharat and finally reunites with her husband. Shakuntala: The Play of Memory by Namita Gokhale was Published in 2005 and it is a challenging work of Indian English fiction. Like the remakes of films there may be re-invention and re-interpretation of old myths embodied in literary works. In her masterpiece Shakuntala, Namita Gokhale has portrayed the story of a woman named after the heroine of Kalidasa’s classic drama Abhijnana Shakuntalam. In contrast to her legendary namesake, she is bold, spirited and imaginative. Right from her childhood she is conscious of the discrimination towards female. In her marriage with a mahasamant, Srijan, she feels suffocated by social customs. Hungry for experience she deserts home to travel with a Greek horse merchant, Nearchus. Together they travel far and wide and surrender to unbridled pleasures. Shakuntala assumes the identity of Yaduri: the ‘fallen woman.’ But she forsakes this life as well to meet her salvation in her death at Kashi.

Raja Rao is considered to be as one of the widely acclaimed Indian American international authors and one of the pioneer literary voices in the Indian/English literature. Even though only three of his literary publications were being claimed worldwide yet he delineated the Indian struggle and the political turmoil joined with cultural celebration and broken realities. His role as an active member of the political Indian movement helped in with his higher education to write and analyze the Indian socio political and the colonial oppression in India. His novel Kanthapura published in (1938) by Rja Roa is considered as figure in the colonial Indian literary productions and part of the Indian historical revival movement. It tells the story of a small village Kanthapura and its people’s struggles under the British colonization, the story address the pre-independence era and just like any other colonial literary text the concepts of nation and identity were being highlighted as the Indian people fight for their freedom and self-liberation. The novel had examined a large number of the problems regarding the culture, political, social, spiritual, education, identity and so on. The novel uses strong tone to revel the intensity and the passion of the Indian people as they fight for their rights and freedom. The limitation of this study will be textually focused on Raja Rao’s Kanthapura (1938). Furthermore; theoretically, this study employs the notions of nationhood and Nativisation by focusing on post-colonial concepts such as Hybridity, identity, Nationhood, alienation, signals, Survival and expressions to establish the Indian struggle during and after the British colonization. This study main objective is to examine the Indian colonial and post-colonial social and psychological oppression under the British, furthermore, to investigate the notions of nationhood and nativisation as they Indian people fight for their independence and self-liberation. Finally, this study will exam the colonial and post-colonial confusion as the oppressed individuals suffering to discover and re-create their own sense of belonging.

There is the task of studying the degree of influence of the famous works of F.M. Dostoevsky on English-language literature and culture in general. Statements are given and the opinion of the great English-speaking literary classics about the works of Dostoevsky and the Russian-language novel is described. The author considers the main critical articles, essays and theses related to the Dostoevsky and his works, written by famous English-speaking novelists and literary critics of that era and the next one. Among them: Matthew Arnold, George Gissing, George Meredith, Oscar Wilde and others. The article describes the interpretation of their opinions about the great Russian writer’s works and on the degree of his influence on the literary trends of his contemporaries. The author gives a comparison between the images of the characters of the Dostoevsky novels and other English-speaking authors, which is sometimes amazing. In addition, the article presents a list of special courses that are currently being studied at universities and colleges in the USA and Great Britain dedicated to Dostoevsky.

Child labor is an old social problem. It peaked during the Industrial Revolution which greatly influenced English society, such as rural exodus, lack of equal job opportunities, miserable living and working conditions, social classes, lack of mandatory education, poverty, and, most importantly, child labor. The paper investigates the crimes against children carried out under the cover of child labor and poses the question of whether authorities, governments, religious institutions, businesses, and even parents are complicit in these crimes or have chosen to overlook them in spite of the constant backlash against them. The main aim of this study is to show the positive role of some authors like Charles Dickens, William Blake, Frances Trollope, Charles Kingsley, Robert Southey, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Caroline Norton, and Elizabeth Barret Browning who refused to ignore such atrocities and their consequences. These writers showed their opposition to child labor through great literary works such as Oliver Twist, Hard Times, David Copperfield, The Chimney Sweeper, A Voice from the Factory, The Water-Babies: A Fairy Tale for a Land- Baby, and The Cry of the Children. The study follows the close reading method and the sociology of literature approach. The study concludes that poverty and urbanization were some of the adverse outcomes of the Industrial Revolution. It reveals the official’s role in profiting from child labor and presents the authors’ role in changing The Poor Laws and Factory Acts to ban hiring minors. The study recommends national child labor regulations that should be enacted and enforced in order to prevent or at least control child work, as recommendations for further research.

Statement of the problem. The objectives of this study include determining the role of the use of charactonymsin multi-genre texts for children written by English classical and modern authors. The first task was to identify the charactonyms in the works of fiction of three English children's writers. The second task is the etymological and lexico-semantic analysis of the charactonyms in the children's works of art under study in order to obtain information about whether the character is positive or negative. The third task of the study was to identify the functions of charactonyms in the works analyzed. Results. The article presents the charactonyms of the characters selected by a continuous sampling method from the works written by English children's writers of different time periods. Further, the etymological analysis of the charactonyms and their decoding in the analyzed works written by R. Dahl, J. K. Rowling and F. Simon and the role of the charactonyms in those works are defined. Conclusion. The study revealed 11 functions of charactonyms in the analyzed works of fiction for children of three British authors. Identifying, comic, style-forming, allusive, genre-forming, onomatopoeic functions were identified, as well as functions characterizing appearance, occupations or professions, behavior, speech and describing character.

The paper describes the results of comparison of two nonparametric methods of authorship identification in English literature. It describes testing methods with and without clustering. A method was also proposed to select the n-grams that would best serve as a marker to identify the author. More than 800 texts of 16 authors were used for testing. The method using the density of the distribution is suitable for identifying authors of both large texts (50000+ characters) and small (10000+ characters) ones. A method that uses p-statistics is only suitable for large texts.

Drawing on a 2023 National Endowment for the Humanities Summer Institute for Teachers on the history of literature instruction, the authors reflect on the traditional place of literature at the “heart” of English education, arguing for the continuing importance of centering students’ experiences with texts.

Introduction manages the foundation of Indian English Novel. It follows the development of Indian English Fiction in order to place this theory in appropriate point of view. An Indian English epic consistently has given cognizant voice to the enduring segment of the general public. Right now, endeavor is made to make a study of the commitment of Indian English writer to make this type wealthy in quality and amount. The section centers around how Indian authors have purchased name and popularity to Indian English papers. It centers around the commitment of Mulk Raj Anand, Rohinton Mistry, Arundhati Roy and Manju Kapur have given conscious voice to the marginalized area of the general public.