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Journal articles on the topic 'ENGLISH LITERATURE OF THE 19TH CENTURY'
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1
Bush, Glen. "Teaching Ethnicity, Gender, and 19th Century English Literature: The Inclusive 19th Century." International Journal of Diversity in Organizations, Communities, and Nations: Annual Review 8, no. 5 (2008): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9532/cgp/v08i05/39605.
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Jones, JC. "Cool flames in 19th century English literature." Journal of Fire Sciences 36, no. 3 (March 4, 2018): 291–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734904118761642.
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Mahlberg, Michaela, Viola Wiegand, Peter Stockwell, and Anthony Hennessey. "Speech-bundles in the 19th-century English novel." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 28, no. 4 (November 2019): 326–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963947019886754.
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We propose a lexico-grammatical approach to speech in fiction based on the centrality of ‘fictional speech-bundles’ as the key element of fictional talk. To identify fictional speech-bundles, we use three corpora of 19th-century fiction that are available through the corpus stylistic web application CLiC (Corpus Linguistics in Context). We focus on the ‘quotes’ subsets of the corpora, i.e. text within quotation marks, which is mostly equivalent to direct speech. These quotes subsets are compared across the fiction corpora and with the spoken component of the British National Corpus 1994. The comparisons illustrate how fictional speech-bundles can be described on a continuum from lexical bundles in real spoken language to repeated sequences of words that are specific to individual fictional characters. Typical functions of fictional speech-bundles are the description of interactions and interpersonal relationships of fictional characters. While our approach crucially depends on an innovative corpus linguistic methodology, it also draws on theoretical insights into spoken grammar and characterisation in fiction in order to question traditional notions of realism and authenticity in fictional speech.
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GÖKGÖZ, Turgay. "LITERATURE AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT IN BEYRUT IN THE 19TH CENTURY." RIMAK International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.1-3.23.
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Throughout history, Beirut has been the habitat of different religions and nations. The people of various nations are made up of Christians and Muslims. Today, it is seen that languages such as Arabic, French and English are among the most spoken languages in Lebanon, where Beirut is located. Looking at Beirut in the 19th century, it was seen that colonial powers such as Britain and France were a conflict area, and at the same time it was one of the centers of Arab nationalism thought against the Ottoman Empire. During the occupation of Mehmet Ali Pasha, missionary schools were allowed to open, as well as cities such as Zahle, Damascus and Aleppo, Jesuit schools were opened in Beirut. With the opening of American Protestant schools, the influence of the relevant schools in the emergence and development of the idea of Arab nationalism is inevitable. Especially in Beirut, it would be appropriate to state that the aim of using languages such as French and English instead of Arabic education in missionary schools is to instill Western culture and to attract students to Christianity. The students of the Syrian Protestant College, who constituted the original of the American University of Beirut, worked against the Ottoman Empire within the society they established and aimed to establish an independent secular Arab state. Beirut comes to the fore especially in areas such as poetry and theater before the “Nahda” movement that started in Egypt during the reign of Kavalalı Mehmet Ali Pasha with Napoleon's invasion of Egypt. The advances that paved the way for the development of modern literature in Beirut before Egypt will find a place in the field of literature later. In this study, it is aimed to present information on literary and cultural activities that took place in Beirut and emphasize the importance of Beirut in modern Arabic literature in the 19th century.
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GÖKGÖZ, Turgay. "LITERATURE AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT IN BEYRUT IN THE 19TH CENTURY." RIMAK International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.1-3.23.
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Throughout history, Beirut has been the habitat of different religions and nations. The people of various nations are made up of Christians and Muslims. Today, it is seen that languages such as Arabic, French and English are among the most spoken languages in Lebanon, where Beirut is located. Looking at Beirut in the 19th century, it was seen that colonial powers such as Britain and France were a conflict area, and at the same time it was one of the centers of Arab nationalism thought against the Ottoman Empire. During the occupation of Mehmet Ali Pasha, missionary schools were allowed to open, as well as cities such as Zahle, Damascus and Aleppo, Jesuit schools were opened in Beirut. With the opening of American Protestant schools, the influence of the relevant schools in the emergence and development of the idea of Arab nationalism is inevitable. Especially in Beirut, it would be appropriate to state that the aim of using languages such as French and English instead of Arabic education in missionary schools is to instill Western culture and to attract students to Christianity. The students of the Syrian Protestant College, who constituted the original of the American University of Beirut, worked against the Ottoman Empire within the society they established and aimed to establish an independent secular Arab state. Beirut comes to the fore especially in areas such as poetry and theater before the “Nahda” movement that started in Egypt during the reign of Kavalalı Mehmet Ali Pasha with Napoleon's invasion of Egypt. The advances that paved the way for the development of modern literature in Beirut before Egypt will find a place in the field of literature later. In this study, it is aimed to present information on literary and cultural activities that took place in Beirut and emphasize the importance of Beirut in modern Arabic literature in the 19th century.
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Wenjuan, Tian. "TWO ORIENTALISMS: THE ROLE OF ORIENTAL DICTION IN G. G. BYRON’S THE BRIDE OF ABYDOS AND I. I. KOZLOV’S RUSSIAN TRANSLATION." Russkaya literatura 2 (2021): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2021-2-50-53.
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«Oriental diction» is an important exotic element of Byron’s poem The Bride of Abydos. Using Oriental words that jarred with English poetry of early 19th century, and accompanying them with extensive notes, Byron gave his poem an experimental and scholarly character. While translating the English poem into Russian, I. I. Kozlov chose a creative approach to the problem of reproducing the Oriental diction (the exotic and bizarre words, style and poetics were somewhat downplayed), the reasons being the originality of the Russian culture of the early 19th century and Kozlov’s own literary taste.
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Hundt, Marianne, and Benedikt Szmrecsanyi. "Animacy in early New Zealand English." English World-Wide 33, no. 3 (October 29, 2012): 241–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.33.3.01hun.
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The literature suggests that animacy effects in present-day spoken New Zealand English (NZE) differ from animacy effects in other varieties of English. We seek to determine if such differences have a history in earlier NZE writing or not. We revisit two grammatical phenomena — progressives and genitives — that are well known to be sensitive to animacy effects, and we study these phenomena in corpora sampling 19th- and early 20th-century written NZE; for reference purposes, we also study parallel samples of 19th- and early 20th-century British English and American English. We indeed find significant regional differences between early New Zealand writing and the other varieties in terms of the effect that animacy has on the frequency and probabilities of grammatical phenomena.
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Bækken, Bjørg. "The Progressive in 19th-century English. A Process of Integration." English Studies 89, no. 3 (June 2008): 370–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00138380801912677.
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Dedovic-Atilla, Elma. "Byron’s and Shelley’s Revolutionary Ideas in Literature." English Studies at NBU 3, no. 1 (May 31, 2017): 27–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33919/esnbu.17.1.2.
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The paper explores the revolutionary spirit of literary works of two Romantic poets: George Gordon Byron and Percy Bysshe Shelley. In the period of conservative early 19th century English society that held high regard for propriety, tradition, decorum, conventions and institutionalized religion, the two poets’ multi-layered rebellious and subversive writing and thinking instigated public uproar and elitist outrage, threatening to undermine traditional concepts and practices. Acting as precursors to new era notions and liberties, their opuses present literary voices of protest against 19th century social, religious, moral and literary conventions. Their revolutionary and non-conformist methods and ideas are discussed and analyzed in this paper through three works of theirs: Byron’s The Vision of Judgement and Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage and Shelley’s Prometheus Unbound.
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Lardreau, E. "The Difference Between Epileptic Auras and Migrainous Auras in the 19th Century." Cephalalgia 27, no. 12 (December 2007): 1378–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01447.x.
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In the International Headache Society classification of headaches, the concept of aura is given a key role. It serves as a boundary between ‘migraine without aura’ and ‘migraine with aura’. Historically, the concept of an aura was borrowed from the epilepsy vocabulary; a borrowing that took place in English medicine at the beginning of the 19th century and in French medicine in the mid-19th century. It would therefore be interesting to see which features of the epileptic aura are used to explain the migraine aura. Based on the French and English medical literature of the 19th century, two processes have been reviewed: (i) the emergence of the concept of aura, and (ii) the modifications of this concept throughout the 19th century. It appears that the original medical use of the term ‘aura’ as a set of rising tactile sensations was in use from the 2nd century until late in the 19th century, but then various other symptoms were recognized and the aura gradually became accepted as an early part of the seizure. By the end of the 19th century the aura that preceded a migraine was seen as a similar process, and thought of as part of the migraine sequence.
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Variano, Angelo. "Spigolature di anglicismi: a proposito di leggings e altri (recenti) forestierismi." Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 134, no. 2 (June 8, 2018): 568–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zrp-2018-0035.
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AbstractThe present article focuses on English-Italian language contact. In detail, we will show that supposedly recent borrowings such as leggings (GRADIT: 2004) or steward (1928) can already be observed in 19th-century Italian translations of English travel literature.
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Small, Helen. "'In the guise of science' : literature and the rhetoric of 19th-century English psychiatry." History of the Human Sciences 7, no. 1 (February 1994): 27–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095269519400700102.
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Young, Liz. "Paupers, Property, and Place: A Geographical Analysis of the English, Irish, and Scottish Poor Laws in the Mid-19th Century." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 12, no. 3 (June 1994): 325–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d120325.
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The diversity of poor law policy and practice in Britain in the mid-19th century is examined. Primary sources consulted include contemporary literature and the minute books of five poor law unions in Scotland. The discussion is set in the context of the existing literature on the New English Poor Law and the debate about the nature of British state formation. It is argued that by broadening the geographical scope of analysis to include consideration of the Irish and Scottish Poor Laws a more nuanced account of the processes and patterns of state formation emerges. Analysis of the ‘poverty question’ and attempts at its resolution through poor law policy illustrates the contradiction between 19th-century economic and political discourses. Poverty in Britain in the mid-19th century was structural and consequent upon economic processes which were geographically extensive, and debates about its resolution emphasised individual responsibility and reinforced national identities. Practice within each national territory was diverse and the new poor law machinery offered existing local political and economic interests a novel vehicle through which to exercise power.
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Montedoro, Beatrice. "Union First Line Index of English Verse, 13th-19th Century. Database." Renaissance and Reformation 42, no. 2 (October 24, 2019): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1065131ar.
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Saif, Mohammad. "Modernism and Romanticism: A Comparative Study of the Selected Poems of W.B. Yeats and John Keats." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 7, no. 6 (June 28, 2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v7i6.8849.
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Romantic poetry was especially concerned with the themes of country life which is also known as pastoral poetry; moreover it also employed mythological and fantastic settings. Romanticism focuses more on the individual than society. The Romantics were fascinated especially by the individual imagination and individual consciousness. “Melancholy” was quite the exhortation for the Romantic poets. A firm loosening of the persistent rules of artistic expression, during earlier times, was observed in the Romantic era.
In English literature, modernism has its roots in 19th and 20th century; the age was characterised by an unexpected and sudden release from conventional ways of viewing the world and interacting with it. Individualism and Experimentation, which were often heartily discouraged in the past, became the modern virtues. The modernist period in English literature was an intuitive response towards the prevailing aesthetics and culture of the Victorians culture of the 19th century. At the turn of the twentieth century, artists and intellectuals blamed the writers of earlier generation for misleading the society, thereby resulting in a dead end. They had the ability to predict hence they could foresee that world events were escalating into a mysterious territory.
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Jonasson, ME, and R. Afshari. "Historical documentation of lead toxicity prior to the 20th century in English literature." Human & Experimental Toxicology 37, no. 8 (October 27, 2017): 775–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327117737146.
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Lead is a heavy metal that remains a persistent environmental toxin. Although there have been a substantial number of reviews published on the health effects of lead, these reviews have predominantly focused on recent publications and rarely look at older, more historical articles. Old documents on lead can provide useful insight in establishing the historical context of lead usage and its modes of toxicity. The objective of this review is to explore historical understandings and uses of lead prior to the 20th century. One hundred eighty-eight English language articles that were published before the year 1900 were included in this review. Major themes in historical documentation of lead toxicology include lead’s use in medical treatments, symptoms of lead poisoning, treatments for lead poisoning, occupational lead poisonings, and lead contamination in food and drinking water. The results of this review indicate that lead’s usage was widespread throughout the 19th century, and its toxic properties were well-known. Common symptoms of lead poisoning and suggested treatments were identified during this time period. This review provides important insight into the knowledge and uses of lead before the 20th century and can serve as a resource for researchers looking at the history of lead.
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Moon, Francis C. "Franz Reuleaux: Contributions to 19th century kinematics and theory of machines." Applied Mechanics Reviews 56, no. 2 (March 1, 2003): 261–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1523427.
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This review surveys late 19th century kinematics and the theory of machines as seen through the contributions of the German engineering scientist, Franz Reuleaux (1829–1905), often called the “Father of Kinematics.” Extremely famous in his time and one of the first honorary members of ASME, Reuleaux was largely forgotten in much of modern mechanics literature in English until the recent rediscovery of some of his work. In addition to his contributions to kinematics, we review Reuleaux’s ideas about design synthesis, optimization and aesthetics in design, and in engineering education, as well as his early contributions to biomechanics. A unique aspect of this review has been the use of Reuleaux’s kinematic models at Cornell University and in the Deutsches Museum, in Munich, as a tool to rediscover lost engineering and kinematic knowledge of 19th century history of machines. This review article cites 108 references.
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Christie, Frances. "The study of language and subject English." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 27, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.27.1.02chr.
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Abstract Applied linguistics has not sufficiently addressed theories of teaching subject English in the mainstream classroom. This is unfortunate because applied linguistic theories can offer a great deal to the development of a theory of subject English. Over the last century, subject English has changed quite fundamentally, and it is increasingly in need of a theory of language to shape its future. At the end of the 19th century, English was a set of discrete English skills. Later, as literature achieved greater status at the university level, its teaching was also brought into school English, though the discrete skills and literary pursuits were at best brought into an uneasy amalgam. By the 1960s, in an effort to overcome the uneasy amalgam, “integrated” models of English teaching were proposed, and it was argued that the goal of the English program should be to promote “growth” through language. Terms like “language development” were adopted in English, though this was ironically at a time that teaching of knowledge about language became discredited. By the 21st century English had become increasingly synonymous with “literacy”, though a robust theory of knowledge about language was badly needed. Subject English needs new directions, of a kind that functional theories of language can provide.
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Kolykhalova, Olga A., and Anna Yu Kuldoshina. "Perceptions of Russian Literature in Britain in the end of the XIX — beginning of the XX century." NSU Vestnik. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication 17, no. 4 (2019): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7935-2019-17-4-119-129.
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The purpose of the article is to analyze the existing ideas about Russian literature in Britain at the end of the 19th and the first half of the 20th centuries. A brief overview of the advancement of works by Russian classics among British readers is given. The spread of Russian literature in Britain had been progressing slowly for a long time due to the difficulty in translation and the lack of interest in Russia and Russian culture. However, at the end of the 19th and the first half of the 20th centuries, the situation changed in the British literary community. This period saw a plethora of publications of translations of Russian fiction that were accomplished by professional translators, Slavonic scholars, and writers. These translations appeared in periodicals and other print formats. The article provides an overview of the translation of works of F. M. Dostoevsky, L. N. Tolstoy, A. P. Chekhov, who have become the most understandable and accessible to the English mentality. It happened thanks to such outstanding translators as C. Garnett, Aylmer and Louise Maude, S. S. Koteliansky (who worked in collaboration with V. Woolf, J. M. Murry), R. E. C. Long and others. Having gained access to high-quality translations of Russian classics, British writers began to study their works in greater detail. The British saw the influence of English and European writers (W. Shakespeare, Ch. Dickens, J.-J. Rousseau, J. W. Goethe, V. Hugo, etc.), e.g., in F. M. Dostoevsky’s works. However, later the Russian influence could also be felt in the Western novel, modifying it. There is an opinion that the works of A. P. Chekhov, translated by Garnett, changed the English short story, making it exactly as we know it. V. Woolf, J. Joyce, B. Shaw, J. Galsworthy, A. Bennett and others admired the depth, style, and language of Russian writers. Translation of works of great Russian authors facilitated the flow of information about Russia and expanded the Brit’s view on the country and its people. It once again confirms the existence of mutual cultural exchange between the two countries from a historical perspective. It can be argued that, despite all the complexities of the relationship, the mutual influence of the literatures of the two countries is quite significant.
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Williams, Sandra. "On the Cusp of the Canon." Libri et liberi 9, no. 1 (November 18, 2020): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21066/carcl.libri.2020.1.1.
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This period, the first half of the 19th century, stands on the cusp of the first Golden Age of English children’s literature. While publications from the mid-1800s onwards, such as Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, The Secret Garden and The Wind in the Willows, have become part of the cultural landscape, those from the first half of the 19th century are largely unfamiliar and forgotten. If read at all, they are studied by academics rather than read by children. Publications at that time reveal the tensions between the perceived need for improving, moralising books and those that might give pleasure to the reader. It will be argued in this article that amongst the more didactic works, there are indicators of what was to follow. Attention is drawn to chapbooks for children and to a number of titles which have enjoyed a degree of longevity.
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Jenner, Bryan. "‘Articulatory settings’." Historiographia Linguistica 28, no. 1-2 (September 7, 2001): 121–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.28.1.09jen.
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Summary The term ‘articulatory setting’ first appeared in English phonetic literature in a much-cited article by Beatrice Honikman (1964). The link between this term and a set of synonyms used by a range of 19th century European scholars was amply demonstrated by Laver (1978). By examining a few of the many sources available, this article seeks to show, as Laver’s article did not, that the phenomenon that Honikman discusses has been almost continuously present in German phonetic literature from Sievers (1876) onward, and that British scholars in the 20th century failed to take account of this. As a result, the concept was entirely absent from British phonetic literature from about 1909 until 1964. Against this background the article also seeks to establish possible direct sources for Honikman’s ideas.
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Conde-Parrilla, M. Ángeles. "Hiberno-English and identity in Joyce’s A Portrait." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 22, no. 1 (February 2013): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963947012469750.
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The present article addresses sociolinguistic issues in a literary context, namely regional variation in James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, a relevant, though not fully analysed, aspect of this novel. By the end of the 19th century most of Ireland was predominantly English speaking, but taking on a foreign language meant for the Irish a form of exile from their own identity, place and history. Revivalist writers responded to such a tension by using Hiberno-English, until it eventually became established as a literary medium. As is clear from my analysis, dialectal usage powerfully contributes to the vivid realization of most characters in Joyce’s novel, reflecting their regional provenance and social background. The representation of the linguistic situation thus offered is realistic and extensive, but also innovative in the context of the Irish Literary Revival. More importantly, it illustrates the protagonist’s views on national identity, and his struggles to find his own voice in the midst of the polyphony prevalent in turn-of-the-century Dublin. As this article argues, the dialogical tension between hybrid Irish English and standard English is truly essential to a comprehensive reading of A (colonial) Portrait.
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Funda, Evelyn I. "“With Scalpel and Microscope in Hand”: The Influence of Professor Lucius Sherman's 19th-Century Literary Pedagogy on Willa Cather's Developing Aesthetic." Prospects 29 (October 2005): 289–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300001770.
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Today few, if any, scholars of American literature have heard of University of Nebraska English Professor Lucius Adelno Sherman (Figure 1), and if they know of him at all, it is likely through his antagonistic association with a young Willa Cather, who had been his student in Nebraska in the 1890s (more on that relationship in the latter part of this essay). During that last decade of the 19th century, however, this Yaleeducated professor was becoming well known in his own right as a soughtafter educator and literary critic who, during his more than fifty-year career, wrote seven books on the study of literature and education and edited several others.
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Frye, Carla B. "Using Literature in Health Care: Reflections on “The Yellow Wallpaper”." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 32, no. 7-8 (July 1998): 829–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.17363.
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OBJECTIVE: To discuss how literature can be used to educate healthcare practitioners and students about the patient's physical and emotional response to treatment. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search (January 1975-November 1997) of English-language literature pertinent to using literature in health care was performed. Additional literature was obtained from a search of the New York University Web site on medicine and humanities, biographies of Charlotte Perkins Gilman, and a search of the MLA and INFOTRAC database. SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All articles and literature were considered for possible inclusion in this article. Pertinent information, as judged by the author, was selected for discussion. SUMMARY: Literature can pose a wealth of information to the healthcare professional. The short story “The Yellow Wallpaper” is analyzed in this article as one example of how literature portrays the patient's emotional response to disease. This short story describes a 19th-century woman's “descent into madness” and the ineffective treatment attempted by her well-meaning physician husband. The author, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, loosely based the story on her own experience with the respected physician, S Weir Mitchell and his famous rest cure. Some biographical information about Mitchell and Perkins is included, as well as a commentary on the treatment of depression in the 19th century. CONCLUSIONS: Short stories such as “The Yellow Wallpaper,” novels, and other short stories can help to remind the healthcare professional of the subjective nature of even our most proven therapies. As we strive to teach and deliver pharmaceutical care, we can use literature to help us understand the emotional impact of our drug therapies.
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O'Donnell, Kathleen Ann. "Translations of Ossian, Thomas Moore and the Gothic by 19th Century European Radical Intellectuals: The Democratic Eastern Federation." Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature 43, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/lsmll.2019.43.4.89-104.
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<p>This article will show how translated works by European radical writers of <em>The Poems of Ossian</em> by the Scot James Macpherson and <em>Irish Melodies</em> and other works by the Irishman Thomas Moore, were disseminated. Moore prefaced <em>Irish Melodies</em> with “In Imitation of Ossian”. It will also demonstrate how Celtic literature, written in English, influenced the Gothic genre. The propagation of these works was also disseminated in order to implement democratic federalism, without monarchy; one example is the Democratic Eastern Federation, founded in Athens and Bucharest. To what extent did translations and imitations by Russian and Polish revolutionary intellectuals of Celtic literature and the Gothic influence Balkan revolutionary men of letters?</p>
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Tubbs, R. Shane, Payman Vahedi, Marios Loukas, Mohammadali M. Shoja, and Aaron A. Cohen-Gadol. "Hubert von Luschka (1820–1875): his life, discoveries, and contributions to our understanding of the nervous system." Journal of Neurosurgery 114, no. 1 (January 2011): 268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2010.8.jns10683.
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One of the most prolific anatomical writers of the 19th century, Hubert von Luschka made significant contributions to our knowledge of neuroanatomy. His publications and textbooks were standards for their day. However, very little is written of his life in either the English or the German literature. His name lives on eponymously in more than 20 anatomical structures, including those most relevant to the neurosurgeon, the foramina of Luschka and uncovertebral joints. In this article, the authors discuss the life and contributions of this prominent German surgeon and anatomist.
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Antonov, Nikolay K. "A review of research literature on the topic of the priesthood in the works of st. Gregory the Theologian." Issues of Theology 3, no. 2 (2021): 177–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu28.2021.204.
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The article examines the tradition of research on the topic of the priesthood in the legacy of St. Gregory the Theologian from the 19th century to 2020. The review includes general monographs on both the formation of the episcopate in Late Antiquity and specifically the legacy of Nazianzen, dissertations, publications in periodicals, dictionaries and encyclopedias on this topic, as well as on a wide range of related topics, key publications and translations of the Apology on his Flight — St. Gregory’s central text on the priesthood — in English, Russian, German, French and Italian. The following periodization of historiography is proposed: the early period (19th — middle of 20th centuries), theological studies of the Apology in the 50s–70s, studies and publications by J.Bernardi, the “new wave” of the 1990s and its development in the 21st century. In the last period, three main trends are identified: the Theologian’s texts on the priesthood are considered in the context of: the development of the image of a monk-bishop in Late Antiquity; platonic political philosophy; Gregory’s main theological concepts. The importance of research on other aspects of Gregory’s work is shown especially the categories θεωρία/πρᾶξις and his autobiographical texts. Two lines of further research are proposed as the most promising: intertextual analysis of the Apology and integral analysis of the entire legacy of St. Gregory through the prism of the priesthood theme.
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Králová, Magda. "When Óðinn meets Pompey : Norse and classical elements in English literature at the turn of the 18th and 19th century." Graeco-Latina Brunensia, no. 2 (2019): 125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/glb2019-2-9.
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Akai, Joanne. "Creole… English: West Indian Writing as Translation." TTR : traduction, terminologie, rédaction 10, no. 1 (February 27, 2007): 165–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037283ar.
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Abstract Creole... English: West Indian Writing as Translation — This paper looks at the use of language(s) in Indo-Caribbean (i.e., West Indian of East Indian descent) writings. West Indian writers are Creole, in every sense of the term: born in (former) British colonies, they have a hybrid culture and a hybrid language. They operate from within a polylectal Creole language-culture continuum which offers them a wide and varied linguistic range (Creole to Standard English) and an extended cultural base ("primitive" oral culture to anglicized written culture). Indo-Caribbean writers, however, have access, not only to the Creole language-culture continuum, but also to the pre-colonial cultural, linguistic and religious traditions of their ancestors who came from India in the 19th century. But if Creole is the mother-tongue of all West Indians, English is the only language they know to read and write. West Indian literature in English constitutes an intricately woven textile of Creole and English : a hybrid writing made possible through the translation of Creole experience into English; oral Creole culture into written English; the Creole language into the English language. In fact, West Indian literature in English can be considered self-translation, for which the presence of the author as the translator gives authority to the hybridized product, a true extract of the West Indian writer and his Caribbean language-culture.
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Manai, Adel. "North Africa in the Tourist Guidebooks of the 19th and Early 20th Centuries." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 11, no. 3 (May 10, 2020): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/mjss-2020-0030.
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By the dawn of the twentieth century, a guidebook was a vital element of a tourist’s packing list and an item, which a tourist could not do without. The guidebook not only provided practical and useful information, but also advised the tourist about what ‘ought to be seen’. It accompanied the development and maturation of modern tourism and witnessed an explosion in the second half of the 19th century and after. The guidebook was gradually improved, highly commercialized, popularized, and extended to many parts of the world and somehow managed to impose ‘beaten tracks’ on tourists. Similarly, the guidebook accompanied European colonial schemes, served as a tool for them and reflected their agendas and the mindset of the age. This paper is based on a large number of French and English guidebooks spanning approximately the period between the mid-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and addresses the following questions: when and how was North Africa included in the tourist guidebook literature? What visions did the guidebook provide of the region? How far did the guidebooks contribute to placing North Africa in the global tourist networks and with what effect?
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Moyna, María Irene. "Portrayals of Spanish in 19th-century American prose: María Amparo Ruiz de Burton's The Squatter and the Don." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 17, no. 3 (August 2008): 235–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963947008092503.
Full textAbstract:
This article analyzes the portrayals of Spanish in The Squatter and the Don (1885), a novel written in English by María Amparo Ruiz de Burton, a Baja Californian who immigrated to Alta California at the time of its annexation to the USA in 1848 and became the first Hispanic American woman writer. Her novel had an ideological purpose, namely, to denounce the land dispossession of the Californios — i.e. Hispanic settlers in California during the Spanish-Mexican period — and to propose an alliance between the Anglo and Hispanic elites. It also had a financial purpose, since writing was for Ruiz de Burton one of many ways in which she attempted to achieve financial prosperity. The representation of language was thus dictated not just by linguistic or aesthetic considerations, but also by the author's interpretation of the conditions prevalent in late 19th-century California, where Spanish had become subordinate to English. Ruiz de Burton's positive attitude towards bilingualism is revealed in her portrayal of protagonists as proficient in both languages. Yet, her awareness of the biases and limitations of her intended Anglo readership is also evident in the fact that Spanish use in the novel is sporadic and restricted. Comparison of her literary and non-literary code mixing highlights some consistent differences between both text types providing additional evidence of Ruiz de Burton's purposeful manipulation of linguistic codes in her artistic production.
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SCHMIDT, JOHANNES. "Im Rhythmus der Nation? : Metrik und Nationalismus im 19. Jahrhundert." Zeitschrift für Germanistik 29, no. 2 (January 1, 2019): 265–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/92165_265.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Der Aufsatz fragt nach dem Verhältnis von Metrik und Nation. Er begreift metrische Systeme als kulturpolitische Strategien zur Begründung und Festigung nationalliterarischer Traditionen. Unter diesem Gesichtspunkt werden zwei exemplarische Fälle diskutiert: Tiecks Sammlung mittelalterlicher Minnelieder (1803) und die Debatte um die Möglichkeit des Hexameters im englischen Sprachraum in der ersten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts.My paper deals with the relation between metre and nation, presuming metric systems as strategies of cultural policy to found and establish traditions of national literature. From this perspective, I will discuss two cases as an example: Tiecks Minnelieder (1803) and the debate on the hexameter in the English-speaking area in the early 19th century.
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Chakrabarti, Sumit. "Space of Deprivation." Asian Journal of Social Science 45, no. 1-2 (2017): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685314-04501003.
Full textAbstract:
A much neglected section of the 19th Century imperial bhadrolok population during British rule in India was the Bengali clerk or the kerani. While his English education and caste identity likened him to the middle-class gentleman, his pattern of work, low salary, lack of opportunities for improvement, pushed him closer to the labour class. But was this neglected section of the “bhadrolok” always without his representational space? In this paper, I shall study examples from clerks’ memoirs and from contemporary literature and read them alongside the violently repressive The Clerk’s Manual published in 1889, to see if the clerk was secretly discovering a heterotopia of his own.
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Rudin, Bärbel. "KLIENTELISMUS ALS THEATERGEWERBLICHE MIGRATIONSSTRATEGIE." Daphnis 42, no. 1 (May 1, 2013): 141–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18796583-90001129.
Full textAbstract:
The continental expansion of the Elizabethan-Jacobean Theatre and the transnational influence of its drama attracted historical interest in the long 19th century, but the topic was then largely neglected for several decades in German-speaking areas for some decades, as a consequence of the war. The standstill in research, visible in the mass of out-dated standard literature, established the creation of numerous legends. A prime example which is examined here in close detail is the persistence of fictional biographical narratives relating to the English theatre director John Spencer. The trigger was a false Brandenburgish prince. An extensive concealed and interlinked control mechanism steered the “choreography of traveling people”* in the opening up of the continental theatre business: clientelism.
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Grennan, Simon. "Drawing Dispossession." European Comic Art 7, no. 2 (September 1, 2014): 4–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/eca.2014.070202.
Full textAbstract:
Dispossession (2015) is a 96-page colour graphic adaptation of Anthony Trollope’s 1879 novel John Caldigate. It is the primary outcome of a 2012 commission from the University of Leuven to develop, draw and rationalise a new graphic novel relative to Trollope’s (Fig. 1). Dispossession will be published in an English edition and as Courir deux lièvres [To Run Two Hares] in a French edition in conjunction with a 2015 academic conference on the occasion of the bicentenary of Trollope’s birth.1 The commission encompassed theorisations of adaptation, the habits and limitations of research and practice, narrative drawing and Victorianism. An academic partner volume, Transforming Anthony Trollope: ‘Dispossession’, Victorianism and 19th-Century Word and Image (2015), published at the same time, will include new writing on the graphic adaptation of nineteenth-century literature, Victorian illustration and Victorianism.
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Adhikari, Kumar. "Humanism in Devkota’s Bhikhari." Literary Studies 29, no. 01 (December 1, 2016): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/litstud.v29i01.39600.
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This paper analyzes some of the poems from Laxmi Pd. Devkota’s Bhikhari, one of the popular compilations of Nepali poetry. Devkota is primarily a humanist poet. He is also the leading Nepali poet who popularized Romantic poetry in Nepali literature. In Bhikhari, Devkota seems more like a ‘romantic humanist’. The paper tries to trace the root of ‘humanism’ in general, and how English Romantic poets accommodated it in their Romantic philosophy later in the 19th century. In short, humanism believes that individuals have everything they need to grow and develop to their fullest potential. This article is a reading of Devkota’s some of the poems from his collection Bhikhari from the perspective of humanism.
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Taylor-Terlecka, Nina. "Western Travellers in the Caucasus. Georgia’s Highways and Byways: Hotels, Inns & Taverns in the 19th Century." Bibliotekarz Podlaski Ogólnopolskie Naukowe Pismo Bibliotekoznawcze i Bibliologiczne 51, no. 2 (August 16, 2021): 35–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36770/bp.599.
Full textAbstract:
Drawing on a wide range of French, English and Russian-language printed source material, the paper deals with the travel accounts of Western visitors to Georgia and the Caucasus in the nineteenth century. Focusing on the everyday practical experience of travel, it outlines the birth of the hotel trade in Tbilisi. After c. 1850, with the building of a railroad, “civilizational” standards began to improve, and over the years Tbilisi hotels were described as being as “good as any European establishment”.Under the heading of provincial travel, the paper addresses the issue of general supplies, provisions and self-catering, modes of transportation, the state of the roads, and the network of postal-stations, whose erratic services were supplemented by the omnipresent, albeit highly unreliable, wayside inn or dukhan. Coming to the Caucasus and Georgia on specific assignments (diplomatic, political, military, commercial, or scholarly) the authors of travelogues bring their prior expectations, nurtured by ancient myths, ancient literature, and a study of earlier travel accounts, with which they engage in textual dialogue. In their sundry reflections and musings they seldom fail to enthuse on the tourist potential of Georgia in particular, and the Caucasus more generally.
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Scheidt, Déborah. "Mateship and egalitarianism in Henry Lawson’s short stories." Gragoatá 23, no. 45 (April 30, 2018): 153–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.v23i45.33569.
Full textAbstract:
Mateship is an important element of the so-called “Australian Tradition” in literature. It consists of a particular bond between men who travel the rural areas known as “the bush” or “the outback”. This article examines some of Henry Lawson’s mateship stories, with a focus on the different connotations that the term can assume for the author, especially regarding the theme of egalitarianism. It considers how the Bulletin Magazine, which “discovered” Lawson and published many of his stories, had a role in fostering a special model of Australian democracy and a peculiar style for Australian literature. It also reflects on how the dissemination of Lawson’s stories through periodicals in the last decades of the 19th century helped create a feeling of what Benedict Anderson calls “nation-ness”.---Original in English. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.2018n45a1057.
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Ettobi, Mustapha. "Literary Translation and (or as?) Conflict between the Arab World and the West." TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 1, no. 1 (August 18, 2008): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/t99d06.
Full textAbstract:
Major developments in the translation of literary works from Arabic into French and English and vice versa tend to indicate that it has been influenced by the geopolitical relationship between the Arab world and Western countries. In my paper I try to show how the essence of this translation history has taken root in the power differentials and conflicts between these two entities by analyzing three different phases of translation, namely:
- Napoleon Bonaparte’s Expedition to Egypt in the 18th century and the translation movement that followed in the 19th century.
- Post-Second-World-War phase including the intense translation activity during the Nasser era.
- From 1988 (when Mahfouz was awarded the Nobel Prize) to the post-9/11 era.
I will also explain how translators (like Canadian-born Johnson-Davies) played a key role in these times of war and/or peace. The work of some of them can also be considered as a form of resistance against prevailing (often negative) representations of the Other and its culture. The article ends with reflections on the current (and future) situation of the translation of Arabic literature into English and French.
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Gao, Lifen. "An Aesthetic Study of Rhetorical Devices in David Hawkes’s Version of Chu Ci（楚辞）." IRA International Journal of Education and Multidisciplinary Studies 15, no. 5 (November 2, 2019): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jems.v15.n5.p3.
Full textAbstract:
Chu Ci(楚辞)is one of the origins of Chinese romantic literature. There are many English versions since the late 19th century, among which David Hawkes’s version is of great popularity in the west. His translation conveys both academic and literary value with a great sense of beauty. In his translation, Davis Hawkes uses various translation artistic techniques and methods to achieve the finest effect, for example, successful presentation of the rhythm and structure of Chu Ci and appropriate use of rhetorical devices such as alliteration, antithesis, parallelism and reduplication. This study tries to study the rhetorical devices in Hawkes’s version from the perspective of translation aesthetics so that the readers can appreciate the beauty of Chi Ci better.
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Jiang, Jing, and Chengjian Li. "Oscar Wilde’s Reading of Zhuangzi in ‘A Chinese Sage’." Literature and Theology 34, no. 4 (December 2020): 477–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/litthe/fraa024.
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Abstract In 1889 the sinologist Herbert A. Giles published his English translation Chuang Tzŭ: Mystic, Moralist, and Social Reformer. The following year, Oscar Wilde wrote his long book review ‘A Chinese Sage’. This article analyses Wilde’s review and explores how Giles’ translation influences Wilde’s understanding of Zhuangzi. The article also considers the influence of Aubrey Moore, who provided some of the notes for Giles’ translations, on Wilde’s reception of Zhuangzi. Because Wilde is neither a sinologist nor a researcher of Taoism, his interpretation of Zhuangzi in ‘A Chinese Sage’ is mediated by Giles and Moore, and might be seen as a ‘misunderstanding of a misunderstanding’. Yet the influence of Zhuangzi can still be seen in Wilde’s review, and the episode raises interesting questions about the reception of Taoism in late 19th-century Britain.
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Strungytė-Liugienė, Inga. "Educational Activities of Wilhelm Andreas Rhenius (1753–1833) in Klaipėda and the First Lithuanian Translations of English Religious Literature." Knygotyra 76 (July 5, 2021): 93–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2021.76.77.
Full textAbstract:
In the first half of the 19th century, the international interdenominational organization the Religious Tract Society in London provided financial support for the publication of religious books in the native languages of the people of the Kingdom of Prussia: German, Polish, Sorbian and Lithuanian. The branch of the Prussian Religious Tract Society established in Klaipėda, an important trading city of the time, took care of the translations of short books into Lithuanian along with their publishing and distribution. Wilhelm Andreas Rhenius (1753–1833), the inspector of the Bachman’s estate, the follower of the Moravian movement, who managed compilations, worked for the Klaipėda branch. This article aims to reveal the ties of Rhenius, the member of the Society, with the international organization in London, and his participation in educational activities in Klaipėda. Lithuanian translations of religious English texts patronized by the Religious Tract Society in London are also discussed, including an anonymous small volume book, The Warning Voice (Graudénimo Balsas, 1818), published in Tilsit, the Prussian Lithuania, in 4,000 copies, and the collected sermons Sixteen Short Sermons (Sźeßolika trumpi Kalbesei, 1820, Tilsit) by the British author Thomas Tregenna Biddulph (1763–1838), the minister of St. James’s Church in Bristol.
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Biswas, Sankar. "NAGA IDENTITY POETICS IN CONTEMPORARY NAGA ENGLISH LITERATURE (A KALEIDOSCOPIC VIEW)." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 11 (November 22, 2020): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i11.2020.2076.
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The Nagas originally a Sino-Mongoloid tribe are substantiated to have originated around 10th century B.C. in the plains between Huang Ho and Yangtze Ho in North Central China. As migration is a process which is reported to have been going on since time immemorial, the Nagas too could not have isolated themselves from being a part of the mass odyssey from their homeland with the anticipation of exploring and settling in naturally upgraded habitats. Hence today, the Nagas have been found to inhabit the banks of Chindwin and Irawaddy Rivers in Myanmar, and Nagaland in India. As far as their language is concerned, it is said to be an affiliate of the greater branch of Sino-Tibetan besides sharing certain similarities with Tibeto-Burman languages. As for the etymology of the word Naga is concerned, it is said to have been derived from either of the Sanskrit word namely Nagna or Nag with respective meanings ‘naked’ or ‘mountain. Frankly speaking both the etymons in question validate the universally recognized conception of Naga identity. Nagaland itself is dotted with multiple number of hills and a faction of people among all the Naga Tribes are said to have been still embracing primitivism. But what is most conspicuous about the Nagas is that though today we know Nagaland as a self-Governing state, the fact can never be contradicted that Nagas have never considered themselves part of India despite the state being taken over by India in 1952. Right from their partially being colonized by the British in the middle of the 19th century, to their strict resistance to both the British-Indian Government and then to the post-Independence Indian Government, the Nagas have shown that their assimilation to Indian mainstream is a daunting and cumbersome exercise. The origin of the Naga National Council, preceded by the armed resistance movement of Rani Gyindulu and that of the genesis of National Socialist Council of Nagaland simply bespeak that this prospect of wholesale assimilation into Indian Sense of Nationality will await the elapse of an elongated stretch of historical time. This very aspect has been enjoying international attention and the literary activists of Nagaland such as Dr Temsula Ao and Dr Easterine Kire have contributed a lot through their literary output in harnessing this aspect, throwing new critical insights into the same. This avouched denial cum resistance to be assimilated into the greater Indian National Fabric is one of the many facets of Naga Identity which also encompasses other cultural traits such as patriarchal ideology, Naga Heraka Practices, Animism, Mythogenesis and Head-Hunting Practices.
Objective of this write-up: This write-up endeavours its best to foreground the very traits of Naga Identity Poetics by taking into consideration selective but relevant literary fabrications, the brainchilds of one of the two internationally recognized Naga Writers, Dr Easterine Kire with the other being Dr Temsula Ao.
Methodology: This write-up is built upon the selective reading of the summary of the novels and poems of both the writers with selective perusal of secondary anecdotage in the form of critical essays, the Naga History of Independence and Naga Anthropology.
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Sarkar, Abhishek. "Shakespeare, "Macbeth" and the Hindu Nationalism of Nineteenth-Century Bengal." Multicultural Shakespeare: Translation, Appropriation and Performance 13, no. 28 (April 22, 2016): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mstap-2016-0009.
Full textAbstract:
The essay examines a Bengali adaptation of Macbeth, namely Rudrapal Natak (published 1874) by Haralal Ray, juxtaposing it with differently accented commentaries on the play arising from the English-educated elites of 19th Bengal, and relating the play to the complex phenomenon of Hindu nationalism. This play remarkably translocates the mythos and ethos of Shakespeare’s original onto a Hindu field of signifiers, reformulating Shakespeare’s Witches as bhairavis (female hermits of a Tantric cult) who indulge unchallenged in ghastly rituals. It also tries to associate the gratuitous violence of the play with the fanciful yearning for a martial ideal of nation-building that formed a strand of the Hindu revivalist imaginary. If the depiction of the Witch-figures in Rudrapal undercuts the evocation of a monolithic and urbane Hindu sensibility that would be consistent with colonial modernity, the celebration of their violence may be read as an effort to emphasize the inclusivity (as well as autonomy) of the Hindu tradition and to defy the homogenizing expectations of Western enlightenment
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Paszkowicz, Wojciech. "Inspirations, interactions and associations: On some links between the works of Vladimir Vysotsky and English-, French- and German-language poetry, theatre and pop music." Tekstualia 2, no. 53 (July 29, 2018): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.3290.
Full textAbstract:
The threads binding the poetry of Vladimir Vysotsky with Russian and foreign literature have a diverse character – some convergences, similarities of his works to those of other authors can be identifi ed in the content, the subject, and the metre of the poems. Some of the literary associations are easily detectable for any recipient, others are more diffi cult to fi nd. The article focuses on the identifi ed links between the works of Vysotsky and those of foreign authors such as Pierre-Jean de Béranger, Robert Burns, and Bertolt Brecht. The convergences observed between Vysotsky’s and de Béranger’s poems, in the subject, form, and metre, indicate the affi nity of the way of thinking and ideals, as well as both poets’ love of freedom, despite the 150 year gap between their birth dates. The presented links with literature of the 18th, 19th, and 20th century widen the opportunities for interpreting the works of Vladimir Vysotsky.
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Hanstein, Michael. "Der Poet als unbeugsamer Dissident." Daphnis 46, no. 4 (October 17, 2018): 560–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18796583-04604001.
Full textAbstract:
In 1977 the East German author Hans Joachim Schädlich published Versuchte Nähe (English edition Approximation published in 1980), a small volume of short stories. While the Western German press praised Schädlich’s first work as a literary reflection of the society in the German Democratic Republic (GDR), Schädlich was marginalized as a dissident in the GDR and had to move to West Germany. One of the short stories in Versuchte Nähe is about the last days of the German renaissance author Nicodemus Frischlin, who, arrested by German authorities, died in prison. The story was appreciated for its style using a “Luther-like language”. Schädlich’s story is mainly based on a biography of Frischlin written by David Friedrich Strauss, a famous and prolific 19th century German author and theologian. Schädlich’s modification of the original source includes a description of the conditions of imprisonment and the heroification of Frischlin as an uncompromising critic of a totalitarian regime.
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Nenarokova, Maria R. "The Epigraph to ʽForest and Steppe’ by Ivan Turgenev: Conveying the ʽEmblematic’ Worldview in the Tradition of Translation." Two centuries of the Russian classics 3, no. 1 (2021): 112–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2686-7494-2021-3-1-112-133.
Full textAbstract:
The article focuses on the reception of Russian classical literature translations in the English-speaking culture. The research was carried out on the material of three existing translations of ‘Forest and Steppe’ by both Russian and English translators published in 1895, 1955 and 1967. The main objective of the research is to determine the difficulties translators of Russian literature of the 19th century could face in the case of Turgenev's epigraph to ‘Forest and Steppe’. The tasks of the study were to define and describe the peculiarities of conveying the epigraph’s vocabulary, to outline the group of the most important keywords of the text, to recognize and describe discrepancies in their translation, to indicate why the chosen option is possible or impossible in the translation of Turgenev’s text. The study showed that Turgenev's worldview was formed under the influence of the culture of ‘rhetorical word’, and the epigraph to ‘Forest and Steppe’ proves it. The epigraph consists of a chain of symbolic images that add up to a single picture. The writer's worldview determined the style of the epigraph, the choice of vocabulary, and the composition of the text. For translators, the main difficulty at the lexical level lies in the fact that they often choose words that carry a greater emotional load than Turgenev’s vocabulary, and also introduce tropes, absent in the original, into translations. On the one hand, the translations create a realistic picture, in contrast to Turgenev’s symbolic landscape, on the other hand, the atmosphere of the text, reflecting the personality of the writer, is destroyed. The translations mirror profound changes that took place in the 19th–20th centuries in the European worldview.
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Grassi, Evelin. "Memorie Sadriddin Ajnī (Italian translation by Evelin Grassi)." Oriente Moderno 93, no. 1 (2013): 212–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22138617-12340010.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This is the first Italian translation of some selections from the Ëddoštho* “Reminiscences” of Sadriddin Ajnī (Bukhara 1878—Dushanbe 1954), the author commonly regarded as the leading representative of modern Tajik literature. Ajnī’s Reminiscences, divided into four parts and published between 1948 and 1954, are a collection of lively short-stories where the author described his childhood spent in two villages near Bukhara, as well as his youth and schooldays at the madrasa in the last two decades of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. Parts I and II were more often translated into many languages, both in the Republics of the former Soviet Union and in other countries. Translations in Russian (parts I-IV), German and French (parts I-II) have appeared in the 1950s. In English, separate chapters from the work have been published in academic journals from the 1950s onward; the most recent English translation (part I) is The sands of Oxus. Boyhood reminiscences of Sadriddin Aini, tr. by J.R. Perry and R. Lehr (Costa Mesa, Mazda Publishers, 1998).
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Holderness, Graham. "Hamlet and the 47 Ronin." Critical Survey 33, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/cs.2021.330104.
Full textAbstract:
The importation of Shakespeare into Japan in the late 19th century and early 20th centuries, following the opening of Japan to the outside world effected by the Meiji empire, generated a culture clash between the antiquity of the plays themselves, and the identification of Shakespeare with modern English drama. Harue Tsutsumi’s play Kanadehon Hamlet explores this conflict, dramatizing the difficulties encountered by a troupe of Japanese actors attempting to perform Hamlet, when their deeper loyalty is to the traditional Japanese revenge play Kanadehon Chushingura. Homing in on a crucial moment in the development of Japanese theatre and Japanese culture, Tsutsumi uses these cultural clashes to map out the possibilities of common ground, the emergence within Japan first of an informed and educated understanding of western drama, and subsequently the development of specifically Japanese appropriations of Shakespeare in which the two cultures can achieve a complex but dynamic engagement.
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Baratova, Olga A., Vera B. Shamina, and Elena M. Apenko. "Metaphors of Postmodernism in Neo-Victorian Fiction: “The Trial of Elizabeth Cree” by Peter Ackroyd and “The Decorator” by Boris Akunin." Journal of History Culture and Art Research 6, no. 5 (November 28, 2017): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v6i5.1260.
Full textAbstract:
<p>One of the features that characterizes postmodern fiction is an intense interest in the past, and especially so – in Victorian period, chiefly in its sensational aspects. Therefore we witness a revival of Victorian crime novel and this tendency can be traced not only in recent English literature, but in other literatures as well, Russian in particular. This gave birth to the term “neo-Victorian novel”, referring to the pieces, which recreate the atmosphere of the period, introduce a lot of intertextual allusions and references to the well-known Victorian novels and exploit most popular subjects of the 19th century literature. However as we will argue in this essay the authors often use these plots as implicit metaphors of postmodern art as such. It will be demonstrated on the example of two Neo-Victorian novels – “The Trial of Elizabeth Cree” by Peter Ackroyd (1995) and “The Decorator” by Boris Akunin; for the latter Ackroyd’s novel can be also regarded as one of the precedent texts. Both novels give their versions of the story of <em>Jack the Ripper</em> but what is more important in our case – employ akin plot structures, images and artistic devices, which in fact become metaphoric actualization of postmodern techniques.</p>