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Journal articles on the topic 'Enhanced fluorescence'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Xu, Hongbo, Lingxiao Liu, Fei Teng, and Nan Lu. "Emission Enhancement of Fluorescent Molecules by Antireflective Arrays." Research 2019 (November 27, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2019/3495841.

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Traditional fluorescence enhancement based on a match of the maximum excitation or emission of fluorescence molecule with the spectra of the nanostructure can hardly enhance blue and red fluorescent molecules. Here, an enhanced method which is a new strategy based on the antireflective array has been developed to enhance the emission of blue and red fluorescent molecules. The fluorescence emission is enhanced by increasing the absorption at excitation wavelengths of the fluorescent molecules and reducing the fluorescent energy dissipation with an antireflective array. By introducing the antireflective arrays, the emission enhancement of blue and red fluorescent molecules is, respectively, up to 14 and 18 fold. It is a universal and effective strategy for enhancing fluorescence emission, which could be applied to enhance the intensity of organic LED and imaging.

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Molesky, Sean J. "Metamaterial enhanced fluorescence detection." Eureka 3, no. 1 (March 26, 2012): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/eureka16989.

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In this article I show how materials created from designer functional units much smaller than the wavelength of operation , or meta- materials, can be used to decrease the lifetime of fluorescence based emitters. This is goal accomplished in three parts. First, the funda- mental physical equations describing both fluorescent emission and the particular class of metamaterial required will be over viewed in a broad two part introduction. Next, making use of a seldom seen approach, I will present the Green’s functions formalism of spontaneous emission of a quantum emitter above a material slab. Finally, I will present devices to reduce the lifetime of quantum emitters that could provide a large resolution enhancement for fluorescence based sensors, focussing on the wavelengths of 600 and 800nm.

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3

Geddes, Chris D. "Metal-enhanced fluorescence." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 15, no. 45 (2013): 19537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cp90129g.

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4

Fort, Emmanuel, and Samuel Grésillon. "Surface enhanced fluorescence." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 41, no. 1 (December 17, 2007): 013001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/41/1/013001.

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5

Pereverzev, N. V. "Metal enhanced fluorescence of thiacyanine dye in layered polymer films." Functional materials 21, no. 4 (December 30, 2014): 409–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fm21.04.409.

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6

Fu, Qing, Xiaolin Zhang, Peipei Yan, Shichao Wang, Xinzhi Wang, Yao Wang, Linjun Huang, et al. "SPR-Enhanced Fluorescence of Solid Organic Dye Films." Journal of Nanomaterials 2018 (August 23, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5268458.

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This paper presents strong fluorescence of spin-coated fluorescent solid organic dye films (SODF) enhanced by surface plasmonic resonance (SPR). In order to manifest the influence of SPR effect on enhancement of organic dye (OD) fluorescence, the organic dye embedded Ag@SiO2 fluorescent films were developed on the glass sheet substrate, in which Ag@SiO2 nanoparticles were embedded in the middle and organic dye was as upper layer. The morphology of the SODFs with and without Ag@SiO2 particles was studied by SEM and EDX, and the tests revealed that the Ag@SiO2 nanoparticles distributed evenly between glass sheet and OD layer. Optical properties were characterized by UV absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy; the lifetime of SODF was tested to discuss the mechanism of SPR enhancement of fluorescence. The results proved that the existence of Ag@SiO2 particles enhanced the fluorescence intensity for 7 times and thus proved the SPR effect for organic dye, especially when the organic dye is the solid films. Therefore, the most important is the creation that the SPR effect of Ag@SiO2 particles works very well under solid organic dye coverage.

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7

Wu, Jian, Yongjun Du, Chunyan Wang, and Tao Chen. "The Detection of a Fluorescent Dye by Surface-Enhanced Fluorescence with the Addition of Silver Nanoparticles and Its Application for the Space Station." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 3195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.17383.

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Surface-enhanced fluorescence detection has large potential for detecting many chemical and biological trace analytes. This paper presents a novel method for preparing silver nanomaterials in microfluidic chip channels for the surface-enhanced fluorescence detection of fluorescent dye (SYBR Green I) molecules. Microfluidic chip channels were fabricated by a 248-nm excimer laser. Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were prepared inside the microfluidic chip channels by directly heating the silver precursor solution. The influence of different temperatures on the sizes of the silver nanoparticles was studied. Then, the surface-enhanced fluorescence technology based on the microfluidic system was used to detect the fluorescent dye molecules. As a result, the fluorescence signal of the fluorescent dye molecules was significantly enhanced by the silver nanoparticles. In addition, the effect of particle size on the fluorescence signal was studied. This simple and fast method is suitable for a fluorescent PCR (polymerase chain reaction) system and has good application prospects for detecting harmful microorganisms in a spacecraft.

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8

Li, Jian-Feng, Chao-Yu Li, and Ricardo F. Aroca. "Plasmon-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy." Chemical Society Reviews 46, no. 13 (2017): 3962–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cs00169j.

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9

Diana, Michele, Eric Noll, Pierre Diemunsch, Bernard Dallemagne, Malika A. Benahmed, Vincent Agnus, Luc Soler, et al. "Enhanced-Reality Video Fluorescence." Annals of Surgery 259, no. 4 (April 2014): 700–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sla.0b013e31828d4ab3.

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10

Zhang, Yongxia, Kadir Aslan, and Chris D. Geddes. "Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence (MEF)." Biophysical Journal 96, no. 3 (February 2009): 45a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2008.12.130.

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11

Dragan, Anatoliy I., and Chris D. Geddes. "Metal-enhanced fluorescence: The role of quantum yield, Q0, in enhanced fluorescence." Applied Physics Letters 100, no. 9 (February 27, 2012): 093115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3692105.

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12

Dong, Jun, Zhenglong Zhang, Hairong Zheng, and Mentao Sun. "Recent Progress on Plasmon-Enhanced Fluorescence." Nanophotonics 4, no. 4 (December 30, 2015): 472–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2015-0028.

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AbstractThe optically generated collective electron density waves on metal–dielectric boundaries known as surface plasmons have been of great scientific interest since their discovery. Being electromagnetic waves on gold or silver nanoparticle’s surface, localised surface plasmons (LSP) can strongly enhance the electromagnetic field. These strong electromagnetic fields near the metal surfaces have been used in various applications like surface enhanced spectroscopy (SES), plasmonic lithography, plasmonic trapping of particles, and plasmonic catalysis. Resonant coupling of LSPs to fluorophore can strongly enhance the emission intensity, the angular distribution, and the polarisation of the emitted radiation and even the speed of radiative decay, which is so-called plasmon enhanced fluorescence (PEF). As a result, more and more reports on surface-enhanced fluorescence have appeared, such as SPASER-s, plasmon assisted lasing, single molecule fluorescence measurements, surface plasmoncoupled emission (SPCE) in biological sensing, optical orbit designs etc. In this review, we focus on recent advanced reports on plasmon-enhanced fluorescence (PEF). First, the mechanism of PEF and early results of enhanced fluorescence observed by metal nanostructure will be introduced. Then, the enhanced substrates, including periodical and nonperiodical nanostructure, will be discussed and the most important factor of the spacer between molecule and surface and wavelength dependence on PEF is demonstrated. Finally, the recent progress of tipenhanced fluorescence and PEF from the rare-earth doped up-conversion (UC) and down-conversion (DC) nanoparticles (NPs) are also commented upon. This review provides an introduction to fundamentals of PEF, illustrates the current progress in the design of metallic nanostructures for efficient fluorescence signal amplification that utilises propagating and localised surface plasmons.

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13

dos Santos, Nathalia Vieira, Carolina Falaschi Saponi, Tamar Louise Greaves, and Jorge Fernando Brandão Pereira. "Revealing a new fluorescence peak of the enhanced green fluorescent protein using three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy." RSC Advances 9, no. 40 (2019): 22853–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra02567g.

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14

Yang, Chun, Feng Yan Ge, Jin Cai Li, Zai Sheng Cai, and Fang Fang Qin. "Silver Nanoparticles with Enhanced Fluorescence Effects on Fluorescein Derivative." Advanced Materials Research 602-604 (December 2012): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.602-604.187.

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Silver nanoparticles were prepared by sodium borohydride reduction method for analyzing metal-enhanced fluorescence property. Some variables including the dosage of reagent, reacting temperature and pH value had been investigated. Subsequently, a comparison of metal-enhanced fluorescence efficiency was made between two kinds of fluorescent dyes, namely fluorescein and 6-carboxyfluorescein at different silver concentrations. The experimental results show that the fluorescence of both dyes are remarkably enhanced. It is interesting to note that the increase of emission intensity is stronger than that of their corresponding excitation ones. Furthermore, a 5.038-fold increase in fluorescence for 6-carboxyfluorescein while a 2.506-fold increase for fluorescein are observed. This may attribute to the interaction between dyes and silver nanoparticels.

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15

Wu, Wen Hong, Kuo Cheng Huang, Yi Ju Chen, Han Chao Chang, and Chung Hsing Chang. "The Fluorescence Image of Portable System Enhanced by Asynchronous Trigger UV-LED Excitation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 543–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.543.

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Fluorescence is widely used to detect the biochemical effect and some substance containing certain dye. In general, the formation of fluorescent reaction is that an organism or dye, excited by UV light, emits a specific frequency of light; the light is usually a visible or near infrared light. Practically, the fluorescence of object can be excited by continued UV light, but the contrast and sharpness of fluorescence image decrease readily with stray light from the surrounding. In this study, we connect a trigger LED light module to a portable camera system and to perform the fluorescence inspection. When the fluorescent object is excited by asynchronous trigger UV-LED light, the extra intensity of fluorescence can be obtained. In the experiment of security organic dye (BL-ORT), the relative intensity of fluorescence acquired by 30 fps CCD can be increased by more than 11 %. In addition, when the fluorescent dye (chlorine e6) is injected into the tail vein of nude mouse, if its tail excited by the 375nm asynchronous trigger and continuous UV-LED are processed, the average relative intensity is 56.5 % and 49 %, respectively. Therefore, an added relative fluorescence of 15.3 % can be obtained from asynchronous triggering method. Furthermore, the ratio of extra intensity increases with the increase of frame rate of camera.

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16

Zheng, Mingqiu, Yafeng Kang, Da Liu, Chengyu Li, Bei Zheng, and Hongwu Tang. "Detection of ATP from “fluorescence” to “enhanced fluorescence” based on metal-enhanced fluorescence triggered by aptamer nanoswitch." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 319 (September 2020): 128263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2020.128263.

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17

STARIKOV, EVGENI B., ITAI PANAS, YUJI MOCHIZUKI, SHIGENORI TANAKA, YI LUO, and HANS ÅGREN. "ON MECHANISM OF ENHANCED FLUORESCENCE IN GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN." Biophysical Reviews and Letters 02, no. 03n04 (October 2007): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793048007000568.

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In spite of the numerous experimental and theoretical studies on green fluorescent protein and its modifications, there is still no definitive answer to the central question: why such systems exhibit enhanced fluorescence. Based upon detailed quantum-chemical estimations, we advocate the following hypothesis. In the green fluorescent protein ground electronic state, the protein surrounding strains the chromophore with respect to its native intramolecular conformational preference in vacuo or in solution. Absorbing a photon of the proper wavelength not only causes a joint proton–electron transfer in and around the chromophore, but also increases the intrinsic strain of the latter. Since conformational relaxation of such a structure will not require any additional energy input, the energy gained by the chromophore cannot be dissipated into the chromophore's internal non-radiative degrees of freedom, and thus it returns as a fluorescence emission.

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18

Xia, Tie Feng, Li Zhang, Da Quan Zhang, and Li Xin Gao. "Detection of T91 Steel Corrosion with a Fe3+-Enhanced Fluorescence Probe." Journal of Chemistry 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/654802.

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We study a rhodamine-based fluorescent compound (FD2) as corrosion indicator for T91 steel in 3% NaCl solution. FD2 has a desirable property of “turn-on” fluorescence emission via forming a complex with Fe3+ions. The varying of fluorescence intensity is linked to that of weight-loss of T91 steel. Early attack on T91 steel was detected using fluorescence microscopy. This nondestructive method of initial corrosion detection can be used during maintenance before serious damage happens.

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19

Zhang, Yongxia, Buddha L. Mali, and Chris D. Geddes. "Metal-enhanced fluorescence exciplex emission." Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 85, no. 1 (January 2012): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2011.09.046.

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20

Hao, Qi, Teng Qiu, and Paul K. Chu. "Surfaced-enhanced cellular fluorescence imaging." Progress in Surface Science 87, no. 1-4 (January 2012): 23–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.progsurf.2012.03.001.

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21

Meng, Lingyan, Man Gao, and Mengtao Sun. "Deep ultraviolet tip-enhanced fluorescence." Nanotechnology 30, no. 3 (November 12, 2018): 035202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/aaea35.

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22

Lakowicz, Joseph R., Chris D. Geddes, Ignacy Gryczynski, Joanna Malicka, Zygmunt Gryczynski, Kadir Aslan, Joanna Lukomska, et al. "Advances in Surface-Enhanced Fluorescence." Journal of Fluorescence 14, no. 4 (July 2004): 425–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jofl.0000031824.48401.5c.

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23

Gan, Yaodong, Dahai Dong, Stephane Carlotti, and Thieo E. Hogen-Esch. "Enhanced Fluorescence of Macrocyclic Polystyrene." Journal of the American Chemical Society 122, no. 9 (March 2000): 2130–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja9929638.

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24

Zhang, Yongxia, Kadir Aslan, Michael J. R. Previte, and Chris D. Geddes. "Metal-enhanced e-type fluorescence." Applied Physics Letters 92, no. 1 (2008): 013905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2829798.

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25

Zhang, Yongxia, Kadir Aslan, Michael J. R. Previte, and Chris D. Geddes. "Low Temperature Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence." Journal of Fluorescence 17, no. 6 (September 11, 2007): 627–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10895-007-0235-8.

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26

Zhang, Yongxia, Kadir Aslan, and Chris D. Geddes. "Voltage-Gated Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence." Journal of Fluorescence 19, no. 2 (February 12, 2009): 363–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10895-009-0467-x.

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27

Zhang, Ruohu, Zhanrui Jin, Zhengqiu Tian, Yingzhou Liu, Zhengqi Lu, and Yiping Cui. "A straightforward and sensitive “ON–OFF” fluorescence immunoassay based on silicon-assisted surface enhanced fluorescence." RSC Advances 11, no. 13 (2021): 7723–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra08759a.

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A straightforward immunoassay based on silicon-assisted surface enhanced fluorescence (SEF) has been demonstrated using a silicon-based fluorescent immune substrate and silver-antibody nanoconjugate (SANC).

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28

Ekgasit, S., F. Yu, and W. Knoll. "Fluorescence intensity in surface-plasmon field-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 104, no. 2 (January 2005): 294–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2004.05.021.

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29

Isaac, Justin R., and Huizhong Xu. "Fluorescence enhancement and quenching in tip-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy." OSA Continuum 1, no. 3 (October 23, 2018): 899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/osac.1.000899.

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30

Markwardt, Michele L., Gert-Jan Kremers, Catherine A. Kraft, Krishanu Ray, Paula J. C. Cranfill, Korey A. Wilson, Richard N. Day, Rebekka M. Wachter, Michael W. Davidson, and Megan A. Rizzo. "An Improved Cerulean Fluorescent Protein with Enhanced Brightness and Reduced Reversible Photoswitching." PLoS ONE 6, no. 3 (March 29, 2011): e17896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017896.

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Cyan fluorescent proteins (CFPs), such as Cerulean, are widely used as donor fluorophores in Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments. Nonetheless, the most widely used variants suffer from drawbacks that include low quantum yields and unstable flurorescence. To improve the fluorescence properties of Cerulean, we used the X-ray structure to rationally target specific amino acids for optimization by site-directed mutagenesis. Optimization of residues in strands 7 and 8 of the β-barrel improved the quantum yield of Cerulean from 0.48 to 0.60. Further optimization by incorporating the wild-type T65S mutation in the chromophore improved the quantum yield to 0.87. This variant, mCerulean3, is 20% brighter and shows greatly reduced fluorescence photoswitching behavior compared to the recently described mTurquoise fluorescent protein in vitro and in living cells. The fluorescence lifetime of mCerulean3 also fits to a single exponential time constant, making mCerulean3 a suitable choice for fluorescence lifetime microscopy experiments. Furthermore, inclusion of mCerulean3 in a fusion protein with mVenus produced FRET ratios with less variance than mTurquoise-containing fusions in living cells. Thus, mCerulean3 is a bright, photostable cyan fluorescent protein which possesses several characteristics that are highly desirable for FRET experiments.

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31

Mao, Kang, Yizhen Liu, Huaming Xiao, Yinran Chen, Zitong Wu, Xiaodong Zhou, Aiguo Shen, and Jiming Hu. "A novel platform for detection of protooncogene based on Au nanocluster enhanced fluorescence." Analytical Methods 7, no. 1 (2015): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ay02117g.

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For the first time, gold nanoclusters were found to exhibit high fluorescence enhancement ability based on the metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) effect, which can effectively enhance the fluorescence of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC).

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32

Marriott, Gerard, Shu Mao, Tomoyo Sakata, Jing Ran, David K. Jackson, Chutima Petchprayoon, Timothy J. Gomez, et al. "Optical lock-in detection imaging microscopy for contrast-enhanced imaging in living cells." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105, no. 46 (November 12, 2008): 17789–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0808882105.

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One of the limitations on imaging fluorescent proteins within living cells is that they are usually present in small numbers and need to be detected over a large background. We have developed the means to isolate specific fluorescence signals from background by using lock-in detection of the modulated fluorescence of a class of optical probe termed “optical switches.” This optical lock-in detection (OLID) approach involves modulating the fluorescence emission of the probe through deterministic, optical control of its fluorescent and nonfluorescent states, and subsequently applying a lock-in detection method to isolate the modulated signal of interest from nonmodulated background signals. Cross-correlation analysis provides a measure of correlation between the total fluorescence emission within single pixels of an image detected over several cycles of optical switching and a reference waveform detected within the same image over the same switching cycles. This approach to imaging provides a means to selectively detect the emission from optical switch probes among a larger population of conventional fluorescent probes and is compatible with conventional microscopes. OLID using nitrospirobenzopyran-based probes and the genetically encoded Dronpa fluorescent protein are shown to generate high-contrast images of specific structures and proteins in labeled cells in cultured and explanted neurons and in live Xenopus embryos and zebrafish larvae.

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33

Zhu, Banghe, and Anuradha Godavarty. "Near-Infrared Fluorescence-Enhanced Optical Tomography." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5040814.

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Fluorescence-enhanced optical imaging using near-infrared (NIR) light developed forin vivomolecular targeting and reporting of cancer provides promising opportunities for diagnostic imaging. The current state of the art of NIR fluorescence-enhanced optical tomography is reviewed in the context of the principle of fluorescence, the different measurement schemes employed, and the mathematical tools established to tomographically reconstruct the fluorescence optical properties in various tissue domains. Finally, we discuss the recent advances in forward modeling and distributed memory parallel computation to provide robust, accurate, and fast fluorescence-enhanced optical tomography.

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34

Wang, Bin, Lu Lu Xiao, Heng Xue Xiang, Bin Sun, and Mei Fang Zhu. "Enhanced Fluorescence Emission of Bonding Type Rare Earth Complexes Eu(MAA)₃Phen." Materials Science Forum 898 (June 2017): 1839–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.898.1839.

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Rare earth fluorescent complexes monomer with activated double bonds was synthesized by using Eu as the central atom, Methacrylic acid and 1, 10-Phenanthroline monohydrate as ligand. The structure of resultant Eu (MAA)3Phen was determined by infrared spectrum, ultraviolet spectrum and element analysis, and the fluorescence property of the complexes was tested by fluorescence spectra and fluorescence microscopy. Compared with conventional luminescent materials, this resultant complexes show greater fluorescence intensity. The analysis has revealed that with the increase of rare earth ion concentration from 4×10-5mol·L-1 to 4×10-3mol·L-1, the fluorescence quenching phenomenon appeared in the complexes solution.

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35

Bochenkov, Vladimir E., Ekaterina M. Lobanova, Aleksander M. Shakhov, Artyom A. Astafiev, Alexey M. Bogdanov, Vadim A. Timoshenko, and Anastasia V. Bochenkova. "Plasmon-Enhanced Fluorescence of EGFP on Short-Range Ordered Ag Nanohole Arrays." Nanomaterials 10, no. 12 (December 20, 2020): 2563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10122563.

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Fluorescence of organic molecules can be enhanced by plasmonic nanostructures through coupling to their locally amplified electromagnetic field, resulting in higher brightness and better photostability of fluorophores, which is particularly important for bioimaging applications involving fluorescent proteins as genetically encoded biomarkers. Here, we show that a hybrid bionanosystem comprised of a monolayer of Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP) covalently linked to optically thin Ag films with short-range ordered nanohole arrays can exhibit up to 6-fold increased brightness. The largest enhancement factor is observed for nanohole arrays with a propagating surface plasmon mode, tuned to overlap with both excitation and emission of EGFP. The fluorescence lifetime measurements in combination with FDTD simulations provide in-depth insight into the origin of the fluorescence enhancement, showing that the effect is due to the local amplification of the optical field near the edges of the nanoholes. Our results pave the way to improving the photophysical properties of hybrid bionanosystems based on fluorescent proteins at the interface with easily fabricated and tunable plasmonic nanostructures.

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36

Liu, Xiaodan, and Xia Wu. "Fluorescence enhancement of fisetin by silver nanoparticles with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide micelles." RSC Advances 5, no. 10 (2015): 7433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra12726a.

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37

Dhara, Koushik, Krishanu Sarkar, Partha Roy, Asim Bhaumik, and Pradyot Banerjee. "Enhanced Emission from Single Component Organic Core–Shell Nanoparticles." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 7, no. 12 (December 1, 2007): 4311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2007.895.

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By one-step mixed-solvent mediated approach, we have prepared fluorescent organic core–shell nanoparticles with an oligomer (1) derived from the Schiff base condensation reaction of 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol and o-phenylenediamine at room temperature. The core and shell structures are generated by the same oligomer (1) featuring the aggregation structure in core different from that in shell. The radial packing factor distribution of oligomer cluster depending on the solvent interaction in the time of nucleation is mainly responsible for the single component core–shell formation. Different morphologies of the core–shell nanospheres (CSNS) and core–shell nanohemispheres (CSNHS) were generated simply by changing the concentration of 1 in chloroform-methanol mixed solvent (1:2). We observed that fluorescent emission from those core–shell nanoparticles is intense whereas as-synthesized oligomer (1) itself is non-fluorescent in dilute solution. The enhanced emission in the core–shell form with more than 50 times increase in fluorescent quantum yield vis-à-vis 1 is a remarkable feature of the study. As UV absorption spectra of nanoparticles are blue-shifted relative to their properties in solution, the observed strong emission in the solid state makes the oligomer an outstanding exception to a well-established rule based on the molecular exciton model. The core–shell nanoparticles have been characterized by FE-SEM, TEM, XRD, nanosecond (ns) time-resolved fluorescence dynamics, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The longer fluorescence lifetimes (τ) of core–shell nanoparticles (3.50 ns and 3.52 ns for CSNS and CSNHS respectively) than 1 as-synthesized (1.28 ns) implies that the formation of the nanoparticles restricts the rotation and vibration of the groups in the molecules. The factor that induces fluorescent enhancement of nanoparticles is mainly ascribed to the increase of radiative rate constant (kr) and simultaneous decrease of nonradiative rate constant (knr).

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Liu, Yangyi, Zhuang Chen, Xueli Wang, Simin Cao, Jianhua Xu, Ralph Jimenez, and Jinquan Chen. "Ultrafast spectroscopy of biliverdin dimethyl ester in solution: pathways of excited-state depopulation." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, no. 35 (2020): 19903–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cp02971h.

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Biliverdin and its dimethyl ester derivatives are bile pigments with very low fluorescence quantum yield in solution, but naturally serve as chromophores in far-red fluorescent proteins with three orders of magnitude enhanced fluorescence quantum efficiency.

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39

Lee, Soonhyouk, Soo Yong Kim, Kyoungsook Park, Jinyoung Jeong, Bong Hyun Chung, and Sok Won Kim. "Time variation of fluorescence lifetime in enhanced cyan fluorescence protein." Journal of Luminescence 130, no. 7 (July 2010): 1300–1304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2010.02.043.

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40

Heck, Susanne, Olga Ermakova, Hiromi Iwasaki, Koichi Akashi, Chiao-Wang Sun, Thomas M. Ryan, Tim Townes, and Thomas Graf. "Distinguishable live erythroid and myeloid cells in β-globin ECFP x lysozyme EGFP mice." Blood 101, no. 3 (February 1, 2003): 903–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-06-1861.

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Abstract We previously described a mouse line that contains green myelomonocytic cells due to the knock-in of enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) into the lysozyme M gene.1 We have now created a transgenic line with fluorescent erythroid cells using a β-globin locus control region driving the enhanced cyan fluorescence protein (ECFP) gene. These mice exhibit cyan fluorescent cells specifically in the erythroid compartment and in megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors. Crossing the animals with lysozyme EGFP mice yielded a line in which live erythroid and myeloid cells can readily be distinguished by fluorescence microscopy and by fluorescence-activated cell-sorter scanner. This cross allowed unambiguous identification of unstained mixed erythroid-myeloid colonies for the first time. The new mouse lines should become useful tools to dissect the branching between erythroid and myelomonocytic cells during in vitro differentiation of definitive multipotent progenitors.

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41

Jia, Kun, Xuefei Zhou, Lin Pan, Liting Yuan, Pan Wang, Chunhui Wu, Yumin Huang, and Xiaobo Liu. "Plasmon enhanced fluorescence of a bisphthalonitrile-based dye via a dopamine mediated interfacial crosslinking reaction on silver nanoparticles." RSC Advances 5, no. 88 (2015): 71652–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra12242b.

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42

Wang, Peng, Jiang Wu, Panpan Zhou, Weisheng Liu, and Yu Tang. "A novel peptide-based fluorescent chemosensor for measuring zinc ions using different excitation wavelengths and application in live cell imaging." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 3, no. 17 (2015): 3617–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tb00142k.

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Abstract:

A novel peptide-based fluorescent chemosensor containing both tryptophan and a dansyl fluorophore has been designed to detect Zn²⁺ in 100% aqueous solution and living cells via two pathways including fluorescence resonance energy transfer and chelation enhanced fluorescence.

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43

Chen, Weili, Kenneth D. Long, Hojeong Yu, Yafang Tan, Ji Sun Choi, Brendan A. Harley, and Brian T. Cunningham. "Enhanced live cell imaging via photonic crystal enhanced fluorescence microscopy." Analyst 139, no. 22 (2014): 5954–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4an01508h.

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44

Simovski, Constantin R. "Circuit theory of metal-enhanced fluorescence." Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications 36 (September 2019): 100712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.photonics.2019.100712.

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45

Zhang, Yongxia, Kadir Aslan, Michael J. R. Previte, and Chris D. Geddes. "Metal-enhanced excimer (P-type) fluorescence." Chemical Physics Letters 458, no. 1-3 (June 2008): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2008.04.083.

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46

Iosin, Monica, Patrice Baldeck, and Simion Astilean. "Plasmon-enhanced fluorescence of dye molecules." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 267, no. 2 (January 2009): 403–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2008.10.055.

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47

Liebermann, Thorsten, and Wolfgang Knoll. "Surface-plasmon field-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 171, no. 1-3 (October 2000): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-7757(99)00550-6.

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48

Sharma, Bipin, Longyu Hu, Achyut Raghavendra, Wren Gregory, and Ramakrishna Podila. "Silver Nanodiscs for Enhanced Fluorescence Emission." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 123, no. 49 (November 18, 2019): 29811–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b04642.

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49

Hong, Guosong, Scott M. Tabakman, Kevin Welsher, Hailiang Wang, Xinran Wang, and Hongjie Dai. "Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence of Carbon Nanotubes." Journal of the American Chemical Society 132, no. 45 (November 17, 2010): 15920–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja1087997.

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50

Bakker, Reuben M., Hsiao-Kuan Yuan, Zhengtong Liu, Vladimir P. Drachev, Alexander V. Kildishev, Vladimir M. Shalaev, Rasmus H. Pedersen, Samuel Gresillon, and Alexandra Boltasseva. "Enhanced localized fluorescence in plasmonic nanoantennae." Applied Physics Letters 92, no. 4 (January 28, 2008): 043101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2836271.

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