Relevant bibliographies by topics / Enriched microbial biomass

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Academic literature on the topic 'Enriched microbial biomass'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Enriched microbial biomass"

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Holatko, Jiri, Tereza Hammerschmiedt, Antonin Kintl, Subhan Danish, Petr Skarpa, Oldrich Latal, Tivadar Baltazar, et al. "Effect of carbon-enriched digestate on the microbial soil activity." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 2, 2021): e0252262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252262.

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Objectives As a liquid organic fertilizer used in agriculture, digestate is rich in many nutrients (i.e. nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium, potassium); their utilization may be however less efficient in soils poor in organic carbon (due to low carbon:nitrogen ratio). In order to solve the disadvantages, digestate enrichment with carbon-rich amendments biochar or humic acids (Humac) was tested. Methods Soil variants amended with enriched digestate: digestate + biochar, digestate + Humac, and digestate + combined biochar and humic acids—were compared to control with untreated digestate in their effect on total soil carbon and nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, soil respiration and soil enzymatic activities in a pot experiment. Yield of the test crop lettuce was also determined for all variants. Results Soil respiration was the most significantly increased property, positively affected by digestate + Humac. Both digestate + biochar and digestate + Humac significantly increased microbial biomass carbon. Significant negative effect of digestate + biochar (compared to the control digestate) on particular enzyme activities was alleviated by the addition of humic acids. No significant differences among the tested variants were found in the above-ground and root plant biomass. Conclusions The tested organic supplements improved the digestate effect on some determined soil properties. We deduced from the results (carbon:nitrogen ratio, microbial biomass and activity) that the assimilation of nutrients by plants increased; however, the most desired positive effect on the yield of crop biomass was not demonstrated. We assume that the digestate enrichment with organic amendments may be more beneficial in a long time-scaled trial.
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Majone, M., M. Beccari, S. Di Gregorio, D. Dionisi, and G. Vallini. "Enrichment of activated sludge in a sequencing batch reactor for polyhydroxyalkanoate production." Water Science and Technology 54, no. 1 (July 1, 2006): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.379.

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The paper describes the start up of a process for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from activated sludge. The excess sludge from a wastewater treatment plant was inoculated in a lab-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) to be enriched under aerobic conditions through intermittent feeding with a mixture of organic acids. Enriching of activated sludge was monitored through the measurement of polymer concentrations either in the mixed liquor or in the microbial biomass. The bacterial population dynamics during the SBR start up was followed through denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and the main species present at the steady state were identified. All the measured parameters significantly changed in the SBR during first two weeks after the inoculum was seeded into the reactor, they then stabilized. At the steady state, the SBR produced 2.6 gVSS l−1 d−1, with a PHA content of 11% (on a COD basis). The enriched microbial biomass was then transferred into a batch reactor where the bacterial polymer content was increased through a new feeding. In the final batch stage, maximum storage rate and maximum polymer content in the biomass were 405 mgCOD gCOD−1 h−1 and 44% (on a COD basis), respectively. The PHA storage from the enriched microbial biomass was about 20 times faster and the PHA content was about 4 times higher than that of the inoculated activated sludge. Observations by fluorescence microscopy showed that the majority of microorganisms in the enriched biomass could be stored. Among the numerically most representative genera in the enriched biomass, Thauera, Candidatus Meganema perideroedes, and Flavobacterium were identified.
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Carra, Maria Lidia, Vitória Teodoro Gonçalves, Tiago Palladino Delforno, Valéria Maia de Oliveira, and Ariovaldo José da Silva. "Evaluation of anaerobic and anoxic reactors installed in serial to treat fish tank effluent." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 16, no. 3 (May 24, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2678.

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Effluent from a fish tank with Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was treated in a system of two parallel fixed-bed anaerobic reactors followed by a suspended stirred, anoxic reactor for solids, organic matter and nitrogen removal. Microbial community structure was compared between the reactors and an enriched anammox culture originated from anaerobic sludge by using the PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and DGGE (Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis) techniques. DGGE analysis revealed three large microbial clusters, namely, the biomass in the inoculum, the biomass growing in the reactors, and the enriched anammox culture. The similarity between the microbial community recovered from the anaerobic reactors and the anammox community was considered low (32.7%), suggesting differentiation of the bacterial community as a function of the selection of specific anammox groups. The last step in the anoxic reactor had worsened the effluent quality. The potential of organic matter and ammonia removal in a single anaerobic reactor was demonstrated.
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Rost, U., R. G. Joergensen, and K. Chander. "Effects of Zn enriched sewage sludge on microbial activities and biomass in soil." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 33, no. 4-5 (April 2001): 633–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0038-0717(00)00207-8.

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Lee, Kang Hoon, Young Min Wie, and Yong-Soo Lee. "Characterization of 1,4-Dioxane Biodegradation by a Microbial Community." Water 12, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 3372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12123372.

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In this study, a microbial community of bacteria was investigated for 1,4-dioxane(1,4-D) biodegradation. The enriched culture was investigated for 1,4-dioxane mineralization, co-metabolism of 1,4-dioxane and extra carbon sources, and characterized 1,4-dioxane biodegradation kinetics. The mineralization test indicates that the enriched culture was able to degrade 1,4-dioxane as the sole carbon and energy source. Interestingly, the distribution of 1,4-dioxane into the final biodegrading products were 36.9% into biomass, 58.3% completely mineralized to CO2, and about 4% escaped as VOC. The enriched culture has a high affinity with 1,4-dioxane during biodegradation. The kinetic coefficients of the Monod equation were qmax = 0.0063 mg 1,4-D/mg VSS/h, Ks = 9.42 mg/L, YT = 0.43 mg VSS/mg 1,4-dioxane and the decay rate was kd = 0.023 mg/mg/h. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and ethylene glycol were both consumed together with 1,4-dioxane by the enriched culture; however, ethylene glycol did not show any influence on 1,4-dioxane biodegradation, while THF proved to be a competitive.
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Balota, Elcio L., Oswaldo Machineski, and Maria A. Matos. "Soil microbial biomass under different tillage and levels of applied pig slurry." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 16, no. 5 (May 2012): 487–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-43662012000500004.

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ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the changes in microbial biomass C, N and P due to the application of pig slurry under different soil tillage systems. The experiment was established in a clayey Oxisol, Eutrophic Red Latossol in Palotina, PR. Different quantities of pig slurry (0, 30, 60 and 120 m3 ha-1 year-1) were applied to the soil prior to the summer and winter crop season under conventional tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT), in three replicates. The area was cultivated with soybean (Glycine max L.) or maize (Zea mays L.) in the summer and wheat (Triticum sativum Lam.) or oat (Avena sativa L.) in the winter. The soil samples were collected in March and October of 1998 and 1999 at depths of 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm. The soil tillage and pig slurry application influenced the microbial biomass C, N and P. The microbial biomass and the microbial activity presented high sensibility to detect changes in the soil due to tillage and the application of pig slurry. The soil microbial biomass and Cmic/Corg relation increased as the quantity of applied pig slurry increased. The metabolic quotient under CT increased with depth while under NT it decreased. The soil microbial biomass was enriched in N and P under NT and as the quantity of applied pig slurry increased.
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Tan, Wenbing, Renfei Li, Hanxia Yu, Xinyu Zhao, Qiuling Dang, Jie Jiang, Lei Wang, and Beidou Xi. "Prominent Conductor Mechanism-Induced Electron Transfer of Biochar Produced by Pyrolysis of Nickel-Enriched Biomass." Catalysts 8, no. 12 (November 22, 2018): 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8120573.

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Biochar is redox-active and can function as a sustainable electron shuttle in catalyzing relevant redox reactions. It plays a crucial role in environmental remediation. In this work, we used different-nickel (Ni)-level biochars produced by the pyrolysis of plant biomass with correspondingly different Ni levels as extracellular electron shuttles for microbial reduction of ferrihydrite by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. A high Ni level of the precursor considerably enhanced the conductor mechanism of the produced biochar and thus enabled the biochar to catalyze increased microbial reductions of the Fe(III) mineral, but it did not promote the charging and discharging capacities of the produced biochar. This study can aid in the search for natural biomass with high Ni content to establish low-cost biochars with wide-ranging applications in catalyzing the redox-mediated reactions of pollutants.
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Qiu, Tian Lei, Xiao Hong Sun, Xu Ming Wang, Mei Lin Han, Lei Cheng, and Yu Deng. "Bioaugmentation for Biomass Production at Low Temperature Using Enriched Psychroactive Methanogenic Consortia." Advanced Materials Research 183-185 (January 2011): 1472–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.183-185.1472.

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Biogas fermentation is always limited or affected at low temperature conditions, one of key factors may be physiological adaption of methanogenic communities to low temperature. Howerer, biogas process could be stimulated and enhanced with addition of enriched consortia. Here, six psychroactive methanogenic consortiums were enriched as additives, and consortium E-1 was found to be most effective at 150C. The total biogas production addition with E-1 improved 39.3 % and 17.0% from pig manure and cow manure, respectively, when decreasing from 210C to 150C, which is a potential microbial addition for biogas fermentation at low temperature.
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Chander, K., P. C. Brookes, and S. A. Harding. "Microbial biomass dynamics following addition of metal-enriched sewage sludges to a sandy loam." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 27, no. 11 (November 1995): 1409–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(95)00074-o.

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Bååth, E., M. Díaz-Raviña, and L. R. Bakken. "Microbial Biomass, Community Structure and Metal Tolerance of a Naturally Pb-Enriched Forest Soil." Microbial Ecology 50, no. 4 (November 2005): 496–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-005-0008-3.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Enriched microbial biomass"

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Lichnová, Andrea. "Cereálie - aktivní složky, biologické účinky a vybrané aplikace v potravinářství." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233398.

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The presented doctoral thesis is focused on the study of the biological effects of active compounds found in cereals, on the development of methods of analysis these effects, on the determination of the content of active substances and characterization of the relationship between composition and biological effects of cereals and cereal products. For the analysis several kinds of raw cereal samples (flakes, flour, germ, bran), flavored extruded cereal products and also samples of paddy and husked rice were chosen. To major types of analysed active compounds belong mainly phenolic compounds in the form of glycosides and aglycones, and also saccharides. Group parameters such as total polyphenols, flavonoids and total and reducing saccharides were determined spectrophotometrically, individual phenolics and saccharides were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). TEAC, DPPH and CLAMS methods were used to determine the antioxidant activity. Indirect methods of determination of substances with antioxidant effect were used as well. Results of the total antioxidant activity were compared with values of antimutagenic/genotoxic activity obtained by several microbial test systems. Antimutagenic effect was expressed as a percentage of inhibition of effect of standard mutagen and could be considered as a potential preventive effect of cereals to DNA arising primarily by free radicals effect. The highest values of group and individual phenolics, antioxidant and antimutagenic activity were found in germs, bran, in buckwheat products and in coloured and raw rice. In flavoured cereal products addition of chocolate or fruit positively influences content of active phenolic substances as well as sugars, antixidant and antimutagenic activity. In a representative sample of Czech population, questionnairy study was performed to monitor interest in cereals and consumer preferences. The most of consumers consider cereals with chocolate flavour as less healthy than confirmed results of laboratory analyses. In this study some new food products were developed. Several types of model cereal products containing plant (fruit, vegetables) extracts were proposed. Extracts were added to cereals in freeze-dried and encapsulated form. The highest positive effect exhibited addition of local forrest fruit extract. Within preparation of encapsulated extracts several methods of preparing lipid or saccharides particles were also tested. The encapsulation efficiency of the methods and stability and size of particles were analysed. Optimal type of fortified cereal foods could be suggested based on the acquired results. Selected cereals were used as alternative carbon substrates (processed or raw) for the cultivation of microorganisms to produce enriched biomass usable in the feed industry. We can conclude that cereals in raw as well as processed form belong to universal foods and rich sources of biologically active substances. They can be processed by many ways. They can be used for direct consumption, as a part of new products and also undirectly as a substrate for feedstock.
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Book chapters on the topic "Enriched microbial biomass"

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Meena, Kunal, Vikrant Sharma, Mehak Manzoor, Gajender Kumar Aseri, Jagdip Singh Sohal, Deepti Singh, Neeraj Khare, and Deepansh Sharma. "Mineral-enriched yeast biomass: A promising mineral food and feed supplement." In New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 155–70. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-821007-9.00013-9.

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Sahu, Biswabara, Snigdha Chatterjee, and Ruby Patel. "Sustainable Carbon Management Practices (CMP) - A Way Forward in Reducing CO2 Flux." In Climate Issues in Asia and Africa - Examining Climate, Its Flux, the Consequences, and Society's Responses [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97337.

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Asian agriculture sector contributes about 44% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. Predominantly paddy rice cultivation couples with indiscriminate use of agrochemicals, burning of fossil fuels in farm machinery majorly causes GHG emissions from farmlands in Asia. Presently, Asian soils have 25% cropland soil organic carbon (SOC) content but with moderately to highly vulnerability towards land degradation. To make up the soil carbon losses which has occurred due to continuous cultivation and tillage, it is recommended to adopt suitable carbon management practices to sequester carbon in soil through their physio-chemical protection. Conservation agriculture (CA), cover crop, crop diversification, integrated nutrient management (INM) and balanced fertilisation promotes better soil structure formation, stabilisation of aggregate associated carbon, microbial polymerisation of organic matter as well as a better root architecture. Carbon management practices not only improve soil fertility but also supports improved grain and straw yield. More the yield more biomass addition occurs to the soil. Soil carbon sequestration may not be the only panacea of climate change related issues, but is certainly a way forward to enriched soil fertility, improved agronomic production as well as adaptive- mitigation for offsetting anthropogenic GHG emission.
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Lodge, D. Jean. "Confessions of a Fungal Systematist." In Long-Term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199380213.003.0039.

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The Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program has not influenced my basic approach to science. The LTER program has reinforced my approach to mentoring, and it has increased my opportunities to mentor students through the LTER-associated Research Experiences for Undergraduates Program. LTER program has greatly enriched my collaborative network and expanded my research in directions that I would not have otherwise pursued; similarly, I have expanded the research and perspectives of my collaborators. My involvement in the LTER program has changed my perspective in reviewing grant proposals and manuscripts. I have been a co–principal investigator or senior personnel at the Luquillo site (LUQ) of the LTER since its inception in 1988. My MS was on fungal population genetics and epidemiology of a plant pathogen, and my PhD work involved a study of the ecology of arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with cottonwood and willow, with a minor in entomology. I was employed as an ecosystem ecologist for the first 9 years of my professional career as a research scientist with the University of Puerto Rico, Center for Energy and Environment Research, which later became the Terrestrial Ecology Division. My early research in the LTER program focused on the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in plant colonization of landslides in collaboration with plant ecologists and physiologists in the “disturbed plant group.” Hurricane Gilbert struck Jamaica in 1988, shortly after I had measured vegetation there, so I returned to Jamaica with a group that was studying migrant bird habitat and helped to remeasure plants. I used this opportunity to design the tree damage protocol that was used in 1989, when Hurricane Hugo struck the Luquillo Experimental Forest in Puerto Rico (the location of LUQ) (Zimmerman et al. 1994). Consequently, I was nicknamed “Hurricane Hattie” by my collaborators at the Coweeta LTER site. Throughout my career, I have used my graduate training in ecology and soil microbial ecology to make important estimates of fungal and bacterial biomass and nutrient immobilization, and to determine what factors control spatial and temporal patterns in fungal distributions, abundance, and diversity (Lodge and Cantrell 1995; Lodge 1997).
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