Academic literature on the topic 'Enteric coronaviruses'
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Journal articles on the topic "Enteric coronaviruses"
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Haake, Christine, Sarah Cook, Nicola Pusterla, and Brian Murphy. "Coronavirus Infections in Companion Animals: Virology, Epidemiology, Clinical and Pathologic Features." Viruses 12, no. 9 (September 13, 2020): 1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12091023.
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Coronaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses capable of causing respiratory, enteric, or systemic diseases in a variety of mammalian hosts that vary in clinical severity from subclinical to fatal. The host range and tissue tropism are largely determined by the coronaviral spike protein, which initiates cellular infection by promoting fusion of the viral and host cell membranes. Companion animal coronaviruses responsible for causing enteric infection include feline enteric coronavirus, ferret enteric coronavirus, canine enteric coronavirus, equine coronavirus, and alpaca enteric coronavirus, while canine respiratory coronavirus and alpaca respiratory coronavirus result in respiratory infection. Ferret systemic coronavirus and feline infectious peritonitis virus, a mutated feline enteric coronavirus, can lead to lethal immuno-inflammatory systemic disease. Recent human viral pandemics, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and most recently, COVID-19, all thought to originate from bat coronaviruses, demonstrate the zoonotic potential of coronaviruses and their potential to have devastating impacts. A better understanding of the coronaviruses of companion animals, their capacity for cross-species transmission, and the sharing of genetic information may facilitate improved prevention and control strategies for future emerging zoonotic coronaviruses. This article reviews the clinical, epidemiologic, virologic, and pathologic characteristics of nine important coronaviruses of companion animals.
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Eichhorn, W., and C. P. Czerny. "Enteric Coronaviruses in Primates." Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B 35, no. 1-10 (January 12, 1988): 709–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0450.1988.tb00548.x.
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McCluskey, Brian J., and Robert Morrison. "Another emerging disease: Swine Enteric Coronaviruses." Preventive Veterinary Medicine 123 (January 2016): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.12.001.
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Ambepitiya Wickramasinghe, I. N., R. P. de Vries, E. A. W. S. Weerts, S. J. van Beurden, W. Peng, R. McBride, M. Ducatez, et al. "Novel Receptor Specificity of Avian Gammacoronaviruses That Cause Enteritis." Journal of Virology 89, no. 17 (June 10, 2015): 8783–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00745-15.
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ABSTRACTViruses exploit molecules on the target membrane as receptors for attachment and entry into host cells. Thus, receptor expression patterns can define viral tissue tropism and might to some extent predict the susceptibility of a host to a particular virus. Previously, others and we have shown that respiratory pathogens of the genusGammacoronavirus, including chicken infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), require specific α2,3-linked sialylated glycans for attachment and entry. Here, we studied determinants of binding of enterotropic avian gammacoronaviruses, including turkey coronavirus (TCoV), guineafowl coronavirus (GfCoV), and quail coronavirus (QCoV), which are evolutionarily distant from respiratory avian coronaviruses based on the viral attachment protein spike (S1). We profiled the binding of recombinantly expressed S1 proteins of TCoV, GfCoV, and QCoV to tissues of their respective hosts. Protein histochemistry showed that the tissue binding specificity of S1 proteins of turkey, quail, and guineafowl CoVs was limited to intestinal tissues of each particular host, in accordance with the reported pathogenicity of these virusesin vivo. Glycan array analyses revealed that, in contrast to the S1 protein of IBV, S1 proteins of enteric gammacoronaviruses recognize a unique set of nonsialylated type 2 poly-N-acetyl-lactosamines. Lectin histochemistry as well as tissue binding patterns of TCoV S1 further indicated that these complex N-glycans are prominently expressed on the intestinal tract of various avian species. In conclusion, our data demonstrate not only that enteric gammacoronaviruses recognize a novel glycan receptor but also that enterotropism may be correlated with the high specificity of spike proteins for such glycans expressed in the intestines of the avian host.IMPORTANCEAvian coronaviruses are economically important viruses for the poultry industry. While infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a respiratory pathogen of chickens, is rather well known, other viruses of the genusGammacoronavirus, including those causing enteric disease, are hardly studied. In turkey, guineafowl, and quail, coronaviruses have been reported to be the major causative agent of enteric diseases. Specifically, turkey coronavirus outbreaks have been reported in North America, Europe, and Australia for several decades. Recently, a gammacoronavirus was isolated from guineafowl with fulminating disease. To date, it is not clear why these avian coronaviruses are enteropathogenic, whereas other closely related avian coronaviruses like IBV cause respiratory disease. A comprehensive understanding of the tropism and pathogenicity of these viruses explained by their receptor specificity and receptor expression on tissues was therefore needed. Here, we identify a novel glycan receptor for enteric avian coronaviruses, which will further support the development of vaccines.
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Jia, Yan, Jinshan Cao, and Zhanyong Wei. "Bioinformatics Analysis of Spike Proteins of Porcine Enteric Coronaviruses." BioMed Research International 2021 (July 1, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6689471.
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This article is aimed at analyzing the structure and function of the spike (S) proteins of porcine enteric coronaviruses, including transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), and swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) by applying bioinformatics methods. The physical and chemical properties, hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, transmembrane region, signal peptide, phosphorylation and glycosylation sites, epitope, functional domains, and motifs of S proteins of porcine enteric coronaviruses were predicted and analyzed through online software. The results showed that S proteins of TGEV, PEDV, SADS-CoV, and PDCoV all contained transmembrane regions and signal peptide. TGEV S protein contained 139 phosphorylation sites, 24 glycosylation sites, and 53 epitopes. PEDV S protein had 143 phosphorylation sites, 22 glycosylation sites, and 51 epitopes. SADS-CoV S protein had 109 phosphorylation sites, 20 glycosylation sites, and 43 epitopes. PDCoV S protein had 124 phosphorylation sites, 18 glycosylation sites, and 52 epitopes. Moreover, TGEV, PEDV, and PDCoV S proteins all contained two functional domains and two motifs, spike_rec_binding and corona_S2. The corona_S2 consisted of S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) and S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profiles. Additionally, SADS-CoV S protein was predicted to contain only one functional domain, the corona_S2. This analysis of the biological functions of porcine enteric coronavirus spike proteins can provide a theoretical basis for the design of antiviral drugs.
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Le Poder, Sophie. "Feline and Canine Coronaviruses: Common Genetic and Pathobiological Features." Advances in Virology 2011 (2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/609465.
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A new human coronavirus responsible for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was identified in 2003, which raised concern about coronaviruses as agents of serious infectious disease. Nevertheless, coronaviruses have been known for about 50 years to be major agents of respiratory, enteric, or systemic infections of domestic and companion animals. Feline and canine coronaviruses are widespread among dog and cat populations, sometimes leading to the fatal diseases known as feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) and pantropic canine coronavirus infection in cats and dogs, respectively. In this paper, different aspects of the genetics, host cell tropism, and pathogenesis of the feline and canine coronaviruses (FCoV and CCoV) will be discussed, with a view to illustrating how study of FCoVs and CCoVs can improve our general understanding of the pathobiology of coronaviruses.
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Desmarets, Lowiese M. B., Sebastiaan Theuns, Inge D. M. Roukaerts, Delphine D. Acar, and Hans J. Nauwynck. "Role of sialic acids in feline enteric coronavirus infections." Journal of General Virology 95, no. 9 (September 1, 2014): 1911–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.064717-0.
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To initiate infections, many coronaviruses use sialic acids, either as receptor determinants or as attachment factors helping the virus find its receptor underneath the heavily glycosylated mucus layer. In the present study, the role of sialic acids in serotype I feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) infections was studied in feline intestinal epithelial cell cultures. Treatment of cells with neuraminidase (NA) enhanced infection efficiency, showing that terminal sialic acid residues on the cell surface were not receptor determinants and even hampered efficient virus–receptor engagement. Knowing that NA treatment of coronaviruses can unmask viral sialic acid binding activity, replication of untreated and NA-treated viruses was compared, showing that NA treatment of the virus enhanced infectivity in untreated cells, but was detrimental in NA-treated cells. By using sialylated compounds as competitive inhibitors, it was demonstrated that sialyllactose (2,6-α-linked over 2,3-α-linked) notably reduced infectivity of NA-treated viruses, whereas bovine submaxillary mucin inhibited both treated and untreated viruses. In desialylated cells, however, viruses were less prone to competitive inhibition with sialylated compounds. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that FECV had a sialic acid binding capacity, which was partially masked by virus-associated sialic acids, and that attachment to sialylated compounds could facilitate enterocyte infections. However, sialic acid binding was not a prerequisite for the initiation of infection and virus–receptor engagement was even more efficient after desialylation of cells, indicating that FECV requires sialidases for efficient enterocyte infections.
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Dea, S., A. J. Verbeek, and P. Tijssen. "Antigenic and genomic relationships among turkey and bovine enteric coronaviruses." Journal of Virology 64, no. 6 (1990): 3112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.64.6.3112-3118.1990.
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Battaglia, M., N. Passarani, A. D. Matteo, and G. Gerna. "Human Enteric Coronaviruses: Further Characterization and Immunoblotting of Viral Proteins." Journal of Infectious Diseases 155, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/155.1.140.
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Fu, Yuguang, Baoyu Li, and Guangliang Liu. "Rapid and efficient detection methods of pathogenic swine enteric coronaviruses." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 104, no. 14 (May 19, 2020): 6091–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10645-5.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Enteric coronaviruses"
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Ukena, Alexa. "Serological characterization of genotypically distinct enteric and respiratory bovine coronaviruses." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/20122.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology
Richard Hesse
Bovine Coronavirus (BCoV) is known to cause enteric and respiratory diseases, such as calf diarrhea, winter dysentery, calf respiratory disease, and bovine respiratory disease complex (BRD). All of these diseases are believed to be caused by the same genotype of BCoV. BCoV exhibits tissue tropism for both the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. This tropism is due to 9-O-acetylated sialic acid receptor on both epithelial cells in the respiratory and enteric tract. Currently, the only vaccine available for BCoV targets the enteric form of the disease. This study addresses the hypothesis that antibodies from the enteric form of the disease can cross neutralize the respiratory form of the virus. Data from surveillance studies suggest that BCoV is one of the major contributors to BRD, for which there is no currently approved vaccine for the respiratory form of the disease. Our approach to answering this question is to sequence and analyze the complete genome of 11 respiratory and enteric coronavirus isolates using next generation sequencing (NGS). Following the NGS, viruses were selected based on phylogenetic analysis and ability to grow and be maintained in cell culture. These viruses were then be used as serum neutralization indicator viruses in SN assays. 147 bovine serums submitted to KSVDL were used to determine if there are any serological differences between the immune response to respiratory versus enteric viruses based on the antibodies produced by the animal. The overall results show that there are few differences between the enteric and respiratory isolates at the genomic level and the serological response from the animal to these viruses. The differences between enteric and respiratory virus will need to be further addressed and analyzed to conclude if there is a noteworthy difference between the viruses with different tropisms. Other factors, such as host immune response and environment, are believed to be involved in the virus tropism to certain areas of the body.
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Ghimire, Shristi. "Screening for enteric coronaviruses in fecal samples of feral pigs of California, USA." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu149259749972315.
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Rosa, Ana Carolina Guedes [UNESP]. "Aplicação da técnica de RT-PCR in situ na detecção da co-infecção pelo Coronavírus grupo 3 (TCoV) e Astrovírus (TAstV-2) em perus com quadro agudo de enterite." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94719.
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O presente estudo descreve o desenvolvimento e a aplicação da reação de transcrição reversa in situ em cadeia da polimerase (RT-PCR in situ), para detectar a co-infecção experimental de perus de 1-dia de idade com Coronavirus (TCoV) e Astrovirus (TAstV-2) isolados de casos clínicos no Brasil. A primeira etapa da reação consistiu na preparação específica de sondas de DNA biotiniladas homólogas ao gene da polimerase viral do TAstV-2 e da região 3'UTR do TCoV. Foram utilizados cortes histológicos de intestino correspondendo ás regiões do íleo, junção íleo-ceco e ceco para avaliar a reação de RT-PCR in situ. Para permeabilização tecidual uma digestão foi aplicada com 10 μg/μl proteinase K por 30 min. Na etapa de hibridização, as sondas de DNA homólogo às regiões genômicas virais ligadas à biotina foram diluídas na concentração de 2μg/μl na solução de hibridização e incubadas overnight à 42ºC. Em seguida, uma diluição ótima do anticorpo monoclonal anti-biotina acoplado a fosfatase alcalina e a peroxidase foram aplicados, para TAstV-2 e TCoV, respectivamente. O substratos diaminobenzidina 3,3 (DAB) e FastRed Ò foram utilizados para identificar a hibridização das regiões homólogas correspondentes ao TCoV e TAstV-2, respectivamente. A reação positiva foi visualizada por deposição de pigmentos vermelhos (TAstV-2) e marrom acastanhado (TCoV). Em relação à localização dos genes virais amplificados, foram confirmados nas células da base (células caliciformes) e ao longo das vilosidades intestinais principalmente no citoplasma dos enterócitos de forma difusa para ambos os vírus. Marcações positivas também foram evidenciadas na submucosa próximas às regiões com intensa congestão vascular...
This study describes the development and application of the reaction in situ reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR in situ) to detect co-infection of turkeys to experimental 1-day-old with Coronavirus (TCoV) and Astrovirus ( TAstV-2) isolated from clinical cases in Brazil. The first step of the reaction has been to prepare specific biotinylated DNA probes homologous to the viral polymerase gene of TAstV-2 and the 3'UTR region of TCoV. We used histological sections of intestine corresponding to the regions of the ileum, ileum-cecum junction and cecum to evaluate the reaction of RT-PCR in situ. For permeabilization tissue digestion was applied with 10 g / uL proteinase K for 30 min. In step hybridization, DNA probes homologous to the viral genomic regions linked to biotin were diluted to the concentration of 2μg/μl in hybridization solution and incubated overnight to 42 ° C. Then, an optimal dilution of monoclonal anti-biotin coupled to alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase were applied to TAstV-2 and TCoV, respectively. 3.3 The substrate were used to identify the hybridization ofÒdiaminobenzidine (DAB) and FastRed homologous regions corresponding to TCoV and TAstV-2, respectively. The positive reaction was visualized by deposition of red pigment (TAstV-2) and brown brown (TCoV). Concerning the location of the amplified viral genes was confirmed by the base cells (goblet cells) and along the intestinal villi in the cytoplasm of enterocytes diffusely to both viruses. Tags positive were also demonstrated in the submucosa close to the areas with intense vascular congestion. In conclusion, the RT-PCR in situ standard in this study showed good ability to detect viral RNA promoting a desirable... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Buitrago, Laura Yaneth Villareal. "Detecção de um coronavírus entérico aviário em aves de corte, poedeiras comerciais e matrizes: distribuição, diversidade molecular e diagnóstico diferencial com outros vírus entéricos aviários." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10133/tde-18042007-123708/.
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Doenças infecciosas entéricas das aves comerciais apresentam uma etiologia complexa e são distribuídas mundialmente, acarretando elevadas perdas econômicas. Aliadas à possibilidade de infecções únicas ou concomitantes entre diversos patógenos, as gastroenterites podem se refletir em outros sistemas, contribuindo ainda mais para a queda da performance dos lotes. Recentemente, foi detectado um coronavírus no conteúdo intestinal de aves apresentando despigmentação e diarréia. Este vírus, denominado de CECoV (chicken enteric coronavírus) é sugestivo de pertencer ao grupo 2, divergente dos demais coronavírus comuns em aves, pertencentes ao grupo 3 do gênero Coronavirus. No Brasil, há uma grande necessidade no conhecimento acerca da participação dos agentes virais nas diarréias de aves, sendo este um passo fundamental para o estabelecimento de medidas profiláticas específicas e para a exportação de produtos avícolas. Este estudo teve por objetivos detectar este coronavírus do grupo 2 em aves de corte, poedeiras comerciais e matrizes com e sem diarréia pela técnica de PCR dirigida ao gene codificador da RNA-polimerase RNA-dependente (gene RdRp) dos coronavírus do grupo 2, estabelecer a relação genealógica entre diversas amostras detectadas deste vírus com base em seqüências dos genes RdRp, gene codificador da proteína de espícula (S), gene codificador da proteína hemaglutinina-esterase (HE), gene 5, gene 3 e região 3\'UTR e realizar o diagnóstico diferencial com reovírus, rotavírus, variedades enterotrópicas do vírus da bronquite infecciosa das galinhas (VBIG), astrovírus e adenovírus. O coronavírus CECoV foi detectado em 25 de 119 amostras de conteúdo entérico de aves de corte, matrizes e poedeiras com e sem diarréia, em diversas granjas produtoras no Brasil, pela técnica da reação em cadeia pela polimerase dirigida ao gene RdRp. O CECoV tem papel como agente primário e secundário em processos patológicos do trato digestório de aves e, ao serem analisadas filogeneticamente, diferentes amostras de CECoV formaram um grupo único com base no gene RdRp dentro do grupo 2 do gênero Coronavirus, possuindo homologia com coronavírus do grupo 3 na região 3\'UTR, sendo sua origem sugerida como um evento de recombinação entre coronavírus dos grupos 2 e 3. Através do estabelecimento de uma rotina de diagnóstico diferencial, as freqüências de ocorrência de vírus entéricos em aves de produção criadas nas 119 granjas no Brasil foram: rotavírus=48,74%, reovírus=2,52%, VBIG=65,54%, CECoV=21% e astrovírus=3,36%.Infectious enteric diseases in poultry have a complex etiology and a worldwide distribution, causing large economic losses. Along with the possibility of single or multiple infections by different pathogens, enteric diseases may also be reflected in other systems, contributing even more to the fall of performance in the affected flocks. Recently, a coronavirus was detected in the intestinal contents of chickens with depigmentation and diarrhea. This virus, named CECoV (chicken enteric coronavirus), has been suggested as belonging to group 2, divergent of the common avian coronaviruses, which belongs to the group 3 of the genus Coronavirus. In Brazil, there is a great need for the knowledge on the role of viral agents in diarrhea of poultry, what is a fundamental step for the establishment of specific prophylactic measures and for the exportation of poultry-derived products. The present study aimed the detection of this group 2 coronavirus in broilers, laying hens and breeders with and without diarrhea using a PCR targeted to the gene coding for the RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp) of group 2 coronaviruses, the establishment of the genealogical relationship among the different strains detected based on sequences of the RdRp, the genes coding for the spike protein (S gene), hemagglutinin-esterase protein (HE gene), gene 5, gene 3 and the 3\' UTR and the differential diagnosis with reovirus, rotavirus, enterotropic strains of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), astrovirus and adenovirus. CECoV was found in 25 out of 119 samples of enteric contents of broilers, breeders and laying hens in different farms in Brazil using the PCR to the RdRp. CECoV has a role as a primary and secondary pathogen in pathological processes of the enteric tract of poultry and the phylogenetic analysis showed that different strains of CECoV formed an unique cluster based on the RdRp inside the group 2 of coronaviruses, harboring homology with group 3 coronaviruses in the 3\'UTR, being its origin suggested as a recombination event between coronaviruses of groups 2 and 3. By the establishment of a routine of diagnosis, the frequencies of enteric viruses in the 119 poultry farms surveyed were: rotavirus = 48.74%, reovirus = 2.52%, IBV = 65.54%, CECoV = 21% and astrovirus = 3.36%.
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Vieira, Flávia Volpato. "Coronavirus Canino : Aspectos bioenergéticos relacionados com a infecção in vitro de macrófagos caninos /." Araçatuba, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183261.
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Orientador: Tereza Cristina Cardoso da SilvaResumo: Coronavirus são RNA vírus sentido positivo, envelopados, comumente associados a infecções brandas em aves e mamíferos. A infecção por CCoV é comum em cães jovens, principalmente em animais que vivem em canis e abrigos, associada à ocorrência de diarreia branda e autolimitante, causada pela infecção das células das vilosidades do intestino delgado. São conhecidos dois genótipos: CCoV-I e CCoV-II, o qual é subdividido em CCoV-IIa e CCoV-IIb. O CCoV-IIa, é uma variante altamente patogênica associada à doença sistêmica e acentuada linfopenia. Diferentemente de outros CCoV realiza viremia e, assim, determina a disseminação do vírus para diversos órgãos, incluindo tecidos linfóides. Nesse sentido, o envolvimento da infecção de macrófagos correlacionada à gravidade da doença e linfopenia, vem sendo sugerido. Este trabalho teve por objetivo promover a infecção de macrófagos caninos derivados de monócitos sanguíneos e avaliar a replicação viral, despolarização da membrana mitocondrial e os complexos da cadeia respiratória mitocondrial às 6, 12, 18 e 24 horas pós-infecção. A estatística descritiva incluiu média ± desvio padrão (s.d.). As médias foram comparadas através da análise de variância, ANOVA. Foi possível observar que a infecção por CCoV induziu a liberação de novas partículas virais entre 18 e 24 horas pós-infecção. Ainda, a infecção viral esteve associada à despolarização e disfunção da membrana mitocondrial, afetando o complexo III da cadeia respiratória. Desse modo, acredit... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Coronaviruses are enveloped positive-sense RNA viruses commonly associated with mild infections in birds and mammals. CCoV infection is common in young dogs, especially kennel and shelter animals, associated with the occurrence of mild, self-limiting diarrhea caused by infection of small intestinal villus cells. Two genotypes are known: CCoV-I and CCoV-II, which is subdivided into CCoV-IIa and CCoV-IIb. CCoV-IIa is a highly pathogenic variant associated with systemic disease and marked lymphopenia. Unlike other CCoV it carries viremia and thus determines the spread of the virus to various organs including lymphoid tissues. In this sense, the involvement of macrophage infection correlated with disease severity and lymphopenia has been suggested. This study aimed to promote the infection of canine macrophages derived from blood monocytes and to evaluate viral replication, mitochondrial membrane depolarization and mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes at 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours post-infection. Descriptive statistics included mean ± standard deviation (s.d.). Means were compared by analysis of variance, ANOVA. It was observed that CCoV infection induced the release of new viral particles between 18 and 24 hours after infection. Moreover, viral infection was associated with depolarization and mitochondrial membrane dysfunction, affecting respiratory chain complex III. Thus, CCoV is believed to induce mitochondrial bioenergetic failure, acting as a decoupler of the respiratory c... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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PASCALIS, HERVE. "Caracterisation et clonage de molecules d'arn defectives chez le coronavirus de la gastro-enterite transmissible porcine." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA077192.
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Le travail realise au cours de cette these a permis la mise en evidence d'un certain nombre de molecules defectives naturelles chez le coronavirus porcin responsable de la gastro-enterite transmissible (tgev). Ce virus monocatenaire de polarite positive, polyadenyle en 3 et coiffe en 5, appartient a la super-famille des nidovirales. Son genome extraordinairement grand, le plus grand actuellement decrit chez les virus a arn, est capable de generer un cycle replicatif de maniere entierement cytoplasmique. Il n'a pas encore ete possible d'obtenir un adnc infectieux, excluant par-la meme les approches de genetique inverse chez les coronavirus. L'obtention et l'utilisation de molecules defectives permettent de pallier en partie cette absence d'adnc infectieux chez les coronavirus. Nous avons pu ainsi caracteriser plusieurs molecules d'arn defectives, d'une part sur le plan de leurs structures internes, et d'autre par sur celui de certaines de leurs proprietes, notamment celles de leur propagation en cultures cellulaires, ainsi que la capacite pour certaines d'entre elles a se repliquer. Plus precisement, ce travail de these a permis l'obtention de resultats qui peuvent s'articuler autour de trois domaines majeurs. Le premier etant la mise en place d'une approche originale et adaptee pour l'amplification de tres longues molecules d'arn (rt-pcr), pouvant aller en taille jusqu'a une vingtaine de kilobases. La deuxieme partie des resultats, est relative au clonage de deux molecules defectives d'arn de 8 a 9 kb. Ces arns semblent se presenter comme des intermediaires de recombinaison, et se comporteraient a la facon de molecules de transition entre les differents produits de recombinaison lors de la replication. Et enfin le dernier des domaines abordes, consiste en la mise en evidence et la caracterisation d'un arn defectif interferent (di) de tres haut poids moleculaire (22 kb), ayant des proprietes certainement autoreplicatives, et soumis a l'influence probable du type cellulaire dans lequel il se propage. Enfin, ce travail a permis d'avancer de nouvelles hypotheses d'ordre plus general, d'une part quant aux mecanismes lies a la formation et a l'evolution de molecules defectives interferentes (di) au cours d'une infection virale par les coronavirus, et d'autre part du point de vue des phenomenes de recombinaison, inherents a la complexite de leur replication.
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Teixeira, Maria Cecilia Bacil [UNESP]. "Detecção do TCoV (Turkey Coronavirus) a partir de amostras provenientes de perus (Meleagris gallopavo) com quadro agudo de enterite." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94716.
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O Complexo de Enterite de Perus (PEC) tem sido incriminado como uma das maiores causas de perdas econômicas em outros países. Neste estudo, foi demonstrado causando diarréia, perda de peso e na maioria das vezes alta mortalidade em perus acometidos de enterite com 30-120 dias de idade de uma determinada região produtora no Brasil. A RT-PCR foi aplicada em suspensões de intestinos (SI) (n=2), respectivos conteúdos intestinais (CI) (n=2), bursa de Fabrícius (BF), fezes (F) (n=5) e swabs cloacais (SC) (n=44), para amplificar a região conservada 3`UTR e gene do nucleocapsídeo de TCoV. Os exames de histopatologia e imunohistoquímica direta foram realizados para detectar o antígeno TCoV a partir de lâminas de intestinos e bursas infectados. Todos os resultados obtidos nos tecidos marcados, revelaram lesões sugestivas de terem sido causadas pela infecção por TCoV. A marcação positiva da imunohistoquímica direta estava presente em todas as lâminas de intestinos, entretanto, todas as BF analisadas foram negativas. Os achados de RT-PCR foram positivos para TCoV em todas as amostras de fezes e 27,27% das amostras de SC foram positivas para a região 3`UTR e região TCoV nucleocapsídeo. As amostras de soro (n=200), foram positivas para TCoV, com títulos variando de 2.0Log a 8.0Log usando o ELISA comercial IDEEX para IBV. Finalmente, o melhor material de campo para o diagnóstico de TCoV foram as fezes (F) e/ou suspensão de intestinos (SI), resultando na primeira descrição de perus com quadro agudo de enterite acometidos por coronavirus Grupo 3 no Brasil.
The Poult Enteritis Complex (PEC) has been incriminated as the major cause of losses in other countries, and especially, in this study, was described causing diarrhea, weight gain and most of the time, high mortality. In this study, it was performed the turkey coronavirus (TCoV) detection from 30-120 day old affected poults from a particular producer region in Brazil. The RT-PCR was applied in intestines suspensions (IS) (n=2), respective intestines contents (IC) (n=2), bursa of Fabrícius (BF), faecal droppings (FD) (n=5) and cloacal swabs (CS) (n=44) to amplify the 3þUTR conserved region and TCoV nucleocapsid gene. The histopathological and direct immunohistochemical examinations were performed to detect the TCoV antigen from infected intestine and bursa slides. All results obtained from stained tissues, revealed lesions described to be caused by TCoV infection. The direct immunohistochemical positive signal was present in all intestine slides, however all BF analysed were negative. RT-PCRs findings were positive for TCoV in all FD samples, and 27,27% of CS analysed were positive for 3þUTR and TCoV nucleocapsid region. The sera samples (n=200) were positive for TCoV, with titers range from d 2.0Log to 8.0Log using the IDEEX commercial ELISA for IBV. Finally, the best field material for TCoV diagnosis was FD and/or intestine suspensions (IS), resulting in a first describe of TCoV affecting poults in Brazil.
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Teixeira, Maria Cecilia Bacil. "Detecção do TCoV (Turkey Coronavirus) a partir de amostras provenientes de perus (Meleagris gallopavo) com quadro agudo de enterite /." Araçatuba : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94716.
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Orientador: Tereza Cristina Cardoso da SilvaBanca: José Antônio Jerez
Banca: Iveraldo dos Santos Dutra
Resumo: O Complexo de Enterite de Perus (PEC) tem sido incriminado como uma das maiores causas de perdas econômicas em outros países. Neste estudo, foi demonstrado causando diarréia, perda de peso e na maioria das vezes alta mortalidade em perus acometidos de enterite com 30-120 dias de idade de uma determinada região produtora no Brasil. A RT-PCR foi aplicada em suspensões de intestinos (SI) (n=2), respectivos conteúdos intestinais (CI) (n=2), bursa de Fabrícius (BF), fezes (F) (n=5) e swabs cloacais (SC) (n=44), para amplificar a região conservada 3'UTR e gene do nucleocapsídeo de TCoV. Os exames de histopatologia e imunohistoquímica direta foram realizados para detectar o antígeno TCoV a partir de lâminas de intestinos e bursas infectados. Todos os resultados obtidos nos tecidos marcados, revelaram lesões sugestivas de terem sido causadas pela infecção por TCoV. A marcação positiva da imunohistoquímica direta estava presente em todas as lâminas de intestinos, entretanto, todas as BF analisadas foram negativas. Os achados de RT-PCR foram positivos para TCoV em todas as amostras de fezes e 27,27% das amostras de SC foram positivas para a região 3'UTR e região TCoV nucleocapsídeo. As amostras de soro (n=200), foram positivas para TCoV, com títulos variando de 2.0Log a 8.0Log usando o ELISA comercial IDEEX para IBV. Finalmente, o melhor material de campo para o diagnóstico de TCoV foram as fezes (F) e/ou suspensão de intestinos (SI), resultando na primeira descrição de perus com quadro agudo de enterite acometidos por coronavirus Grupo 3 no Brasil.
Abstract: The Poult Enteritis Complex (PEC) has been incriminated as the major cause of losses in other countries, and especially, in this study, was described causing diarrhea, weight gain and most of the time, high mortality. In this study, it was performed the turkey coronavirus (TCoV) detection from 30-120 day old affected poults from a particular producer region in Brazil. The RT-PCR was applied in intestines suspensions (IS) (n=2), respective intestines contents (IC) (n=2), bursa of Fabrícius (BF), faecal droppings (FD) (n=5) and cloacal swabs (CS) (n=44) to amplify the 3þUTR conserved region and TCoV nucleocapsid gene. The histopathological and direct immunohistochemical examinations were performed to detect the TCoV antigen from infected intestine and bursa slides. All results obtained from stained tissues, revealed lesions described to be caused by TCoV infection. The direct immunohistochemical positive signal was present in all intestine slides, however all BF analysed were negative. RT-PCRs findings were positive for TCoV in all FD samples, and 27,27% of CS analysed were positive for 3þUTR and TCoV nucleocapsid region. The sera samples (n=200) were positive for TCoV, with titers range from d 2.0Log to 8.0Log using the IDEEX commercial ELISA for IBV. Finally, the best field material for TCoV diagnosis was FD and/or intestine suspensions (IS), resulting in a first describe of TCoV affecting poults in Brazil.
Mestre
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Hora, Aline Santana da. "Diversidade gênica do coronavírus felino em populações virais entéricas e sistêmicas intra e inter-hospedeiros." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-22072014-140450/.
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O coronavírus felino (FCoV) ocorre sob uma grande diversidade gênica de amostras e é classificado em dois patotipos: o coronavírus felino entérico (FECoV) e o vírus da peritonite infecciosa felina (FIPV). O patotipo FIPV é altamente virulento e responsável pelo desenvolvimento de uma doença altamente fatal, denominada de peritonite infecciosa felina (PIF). Já o FECoV apresenta-se amplamente disseminado na população felina e é responsável na maioria das vezes por infecção assintomática. Atualmente, nenhum marcador gênico conhecido é capaz de diferenciar os patotipos FECoV de FIPV. O presente estudo foi dividido em dois capítulos. No primeiro capítulo, objetivou-se avaliar a diversidade molecular do gene da membrana (M) em 190 amostras provenientes de 5 gatos sem manifestações de PIF (PIF-) e de 10 gatos com manifestações clínicas e histopatológicas de PIF (PIF+). Com esse estudo, conclui-se que tanto a hipótese de mutação in vivo do FECoV para FIPV, quanto a hipótese de transmissão entre gatos do patotipo FIPV são plausíveis. No segundo capítulo, com o objetivo de avaliar a diversidade dos genes 3a-c, E e M foram sequenciados clones de amplicons para estes genes obtidos, de 6 gatos PIF+ e 2 gatos PIF-. Os genes 3a-c, E e M apresentaram diversidade gênica que confere a constituição das quasiespécies de coronavírus felino com probabilidade de emergência do patotipo de alta virulência, mas de um modo hospedeiro-específico. Com o segundo estudo, conclui-se que as linhagens FIPV de coronavírus felino apresentaram a proteína 3c truncada, sendo o gene 3c o único marcador de patotipo dos FCoVs observado dentre os genes estudados.Feline coronavirus (FCoV) occurs as a large genic diversity of strains and is classified as two pathotypes: feline enteric coronavirus (FECoV) and feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV). The FIPV pathotype is highly virulent and responsible for the onset of a highly fatal disease named feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), while the FECoV pathotype is widely disseminated in feline populations leading mostly to asymptomatic infections. No genic marker is currently known to differentiate the FECoV and FIPV pathotypes. This study has been divided in two chapters. In the first chapter, the aim was to evaluate the molecular diversity of the membrane (M) gene in 190 samples from 5 cats without FIP (FIP-) and 10 cats with clinical and histopathological evidence of FIP (FIP+). The conclusion of this study is that both the in vivo mutation hypothesis in the FECoV-to-FIP direction and the hypothesis of FIPV transmission amongst cats are plausible. In the second chapter, aimed to evaluate the diversity of genes 3a-c, E and M, clones of amplicons for these genes were obtained and sequenced from samples from six FIP+ and 2 FIP- cats. Genes 3a-c, E and M show a genic diversity that results in a quasispecies constitution of FCoV that leads to the probability of the emergence of the highly virulent pathotype in a host-specific way. The conclusion of this second study is that FIPV lineages show a truncated form of the 3C protein, making the 3c gene the only pathotype marker for FCoV observed amongst the genes studied herein.
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Bünger, Amarilis Novaes D'Elboux. "Detecção e caracterização molecular do gene 3 e 5 do coronavírus de perus (TCOV) isolados de perus com severa enterite no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42132/tde-02122009-085608/.
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O coronavírus de perus (TCoV) é o agente etiológico associado a síndrome de mortalidade entérica das aves (PEMS). PEMS é uma enfermidade entérica, aguda e altamente contagiosa dos perus caracterizada por depressão, anorexia, diarréia e alta mortalidade em lotes de perus comerciais. A presença do coronavírus de perus (TCov) foi pesquisada em 29 amostras de conteúdo intestinal de perus entre 10 e 104 dias de idade que apresentaram enterite severa no período de 2004 a 2006. A detecção do TcoV foi realizada realizada através da técnica da transcriptase reversa e da reação em cadeia pela polimerase (RT-PCR), mediante a amplificação da região 3 UTR, seguida pela amplificação dos genes 3 e 5. A caracterização molecular dos vírus foi realizada mediante a amplificação dos genes 3 e 5, que mostrou similaridade genética entre as amostras, mas diferenças com as sequencias dos outros TCoVs publicados previamente. Em relação ao gene 3, as amostras apresentaram maior relação com o vírus da bronquite infecciosa das aves (IBV), enquanto que com o gene 5 houve maior identidade com os cronavírus de faisão (PhCoV). Nossos resultados sugerem que a estratégia de amplificação da região 3 UTR provou ser uma estratégia eficaz para a detecção do TcoV em conteúdo intestinal.Turkey coronavirus (TCoV) is causative agent associated to Poult Enteritis and Mortality Syndrome (PEMS) in turkeys wideworld. The disease is characterized by an acute highly contagious enteric disease of turkeys characterized by depression, anorexia, diarrhea and high mortality in co mMercial turkey flocks. The presence of turkey coronavirus (TCoV) in 29 intestinal content samples from turkey flocks aged between 10 and 104 days with severe enteritis was monitored in the period of 2004 to 2006. TCoV detection was accomplished by the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), through amplification of the 3´UTR region, followed by amplification of genes 3 and 5. Molecular characterization of the viruses was done through amplification of genes 3 and 5, and showed evidence of genetic similarity between them, although they differed of sequences of other TCoVs described in the literature. In relation to gene 3, samples showed greater relationship with chicken infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), and while gene 5 showed greater identity with pheasant coronavirus (PhCoV). Our results suggest that the strategy of amplification of the 3´UTR region has proved to an effective means of detection of TCoV in intestinal contents.
Books on the topic "Enteric coronaviruses"
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Barnett, Martha. Swine Enteric Coronavirus Diseases: U. S. Response Efforts and Root Cause Analysis. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2016.
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Toksoz, Cheryl. Regional Economic Outlook, April 2021, Middle East and Central Asia. International Monetary Fund, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513576152.086.
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A year into the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the race between vaccine and virus entered a new phase in the Middle East and Central Asia, and the path to recovery in 2021 is expected to be long and divergent. The outlook will vary significantly across countries, depending on the pandemic’s path, vaccine rollouts, underlying fragilities, exposure to tourism and contact-intensive sectors, and policy space and actions. 2021 will be the year of policies that continue saving lives and livelihoods and promote recovery, while balancing the need for debt sustainability and financial resilience. At the same time, policymakers must not lose sight of the transformational challenges to build forward better and accelerate the creation of more inclusive, resilient, sustainable, and green economies. Regional and international cooperation will be key complements to strong domestic policies.
Book chapters on the topic "Enteric coronaviruses"
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Smerdou, Cristian, Juan M. Torres, Carlos M. Sánchez, Carlos Suñé, Inés M. Antón, Miguel Medina, Joaquin Castilla, Frank L. Graham, and L. Enjuanes. "Induction of an Immune Response to Transmissible Gastroenteritis Coronavirus Using Vectors with Enteric Tropism." In Coronaviruses, 455–62. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2996-5_72.
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Vennema, H., J. W. A. Rossen, J. Wesseling, M. C. Horzinek, and P. J. M. Rottier. "Genomic Organization and Expression of the 3’ End of the Canine and Feline Enteric Coronaviruses." In Coronaviruses, 11–16. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2996-5_2.
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Mounir, Samir, Patrick Labonté, and Pierre J. Talbot. "Characterization of the Nonstructural and Spike Proteins of the Human Respiratory Coronavirus OC43: Comparison with Bovine Enteric Coronavirus." In Coronaviruses, 61–67. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2996-5_10.
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Holmes, Kathryn V. "Enteric Infections with Coronaviruses and Toroviruses." In Novartis Foundation Symposia, 258–75. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470846534.ch16.
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Paul, Prem S., Eric M. Vaughn, and Patrick G. Halbur. "Pathogenicity and Sequence Analysis Studies Suggest Potential Role of Gene 3 in Virulence of Swine Enteric and Respiratory Coronaviruses." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 317–21. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1828-4_52.
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Gélinas, Anne-Marie, Am-J. Sasseville, and Serge Dea. "Identification of Specific Variations within the HE, S1, and ORF4 Genes of Bovine Coronaviruses Associated with Enteric and Respiratory Diseases in Dairy Cattle." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 63–67. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1325-4_9.
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Carman, P. S., P. B. Ernst, K. L. Rosenthal, D. A. Clark, D. A. Befus, and J. Bienenstock. "Natural Killer (NK) Cell Activity Against Enteric Murine Coronavirus Mediated by Intestinal Leukocytes." In Recent Advances in Mucosal Immunology, 533–37. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5344-7_63.
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Zhu, Hongqing, Yin Liu, Yingyun Cai, Dongdong Yu, Yinghui Pu, Laura Harmon, and Xuming Zhang. "Toward the Development of an Infectious cDNA Clone of a Human Enteric Coronavirus." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 527–30. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-33012-9_95.
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Dea, S., L. Michaud, and R. Rekik. "Antigenic and Genomic Variations Among Cytopathic and Non-Cytopathic Strains of Bovine Enteric Coronavirus." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 99–101. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1899-0_14.
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Blau, Dianna M., and Kathryn V. Holmes. "Human Coronavirus HCoV-229E Enters Susceptible Cells via the Endocytic Pathway." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 193–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1325-4_31.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Enteric coronaviruses"
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Meyer, Michael, and Susanne Robra-Bissantz. "Smile through the Mask: Emotion Measurement for Stationary Retail." In Digital Support from Crisis to Progressive Change. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-485-9.15.
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The global pandemic caused by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) changes the lives of many people all over the world. In the context of stationary retail, a strong change of customer behavior occurs as mandatory safety measures like wearing facemasks and distance regulations have come into place. The sales personnel’s ability to understand and react to customers’ emotions is critical for service interactions and the customers’ overall satisfaction. Unfortunately, facemasks make it difficult to recognize other’s emotions and may lead to misinterpretation and confusion. To address this problem, this paper proposes the design of self-assessment interfaces that offer the customer an easy way to enter their emotions. As part of a Design Science Research (DSR) project, we designed three interfaces and evaluated them over the course of a design cycle. The results indicate that it is possible to use self-assessment technology in stationary retail to measure customer emotions.
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Kotulovski, Karla, and Sandra Laleta. "THE ABUSE AND EXPLOITATION OF FOREIGN SEASONAL WORKERS: DID THE CORONAVIRUS EMERGENCY WORSEN ALREADY PRECARIOUS WORKING CONDITIONS IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR?" In EU 2021 – The future of the EU in and after the pandemic. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18310.
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Seasonal workers are increasingly important in some Member States as a means to fill the labour market needs. Preferred due to their lower salaries, greater docility and the evasion of administrative and social security obligations, migrant workers are often treated less favourably than domestic workers in terms of employment rights, benefits and access to adequate housing. The agricultural sector of employment is particularly at risk of labour exploitation during harvest seasons and thus associated with atypical or informal forms of employment and precarious working conditions. The COVID-19 pandemic gave visibility to the new risks the seasonal workers are exposed to. In addition, it showed that in some cases such problems can lead to the further spreading of infectious diseases and increase the risk of COVID-19 clusters. The consequences of of the pandemic can be observed in Croatia too. This paper primarily covers the position of third-country nationals who enter and reside in Croatia for the purpose of agricultural seasonal work within the framework of the Seasonal Workers Directive (Directive 2014/36/EU). Significant challenges facing the Croatian labour market have been addressed by means of a comparative approach in order to present the current situation on the EU labour market and suggest potential legal solutions applicable in regard to the national circumstances.