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Journal articles on the topic 'Enterotoxigenic S. aureus'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

ADESIYUN, A. A., L. A. WEBB, and H. T. ROMAIN. "Prevalence and Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Bulk and Composite Milk and Cattle Handlers." Journal of Food Protection 61, no. 5 (1998): 629–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-61.5.629.

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The prevalence and characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bulk and composite milk and from cattle handlers on dairy farms in Trinidad were determined. S. aureus strains were isolated from all 175 bulk milk samples tested (100%) while 280 of 287 composite milk samples (97.6%) yielded S. aureus. The mean counts of S. aureus in bulk milk ranged from 5.9 × 103 to 1.2 × 105 CFU/ml compared with mean S. aureus counts in composite milk which ranged from 2.4 × 103 to 3.0 × 104 CFU/ml. Of the 105 strains of S. aureus from bulk milk tested, 45 (42.9%) were enterotoxigenic elabora

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HATAKKA, M., K. J. BJÖRKROTH, K. ASPLUND, N. MÄKI-PETÄYS, and H. J. KORKEALA. "Genotypes and Enterotoxicity of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from the Hands and Nasal Cavities of Flight-Catering Employees." Journal of Food Protection 63, no. 11 (2000): 1487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-63.11.1487.

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Hand and nasal samples of flight-catering staff were collected from 1995 to 1997 to find employees carrying Staphylococcus aureus. Altogether 153 hand samples and 136 nose samples were taken. Nasal sampling showed a higher prevalence of S. aureus among food handlers (29%) than hand sampling (9%). A high proportion of the strains (46%) were enterotoxigenic, and a considerable amount of food handlers carried enterotoxigenic S. aureus, 6% and 12% according to hand and nasal sampling, respectively. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis macrorestriction profiles revealed a total of 32 different types as

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ADESIYUN, ABIODUN A., IFEDAPO RAJI, and VIVIAN YOBE. "Enterotoxigenicity of Staphylococcus aureus from Anterior Nares of Dining Hall Workers." Journal of Food Protection 49, no. 12 (1986): 955–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-49.12.955.

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The frequency of isolation of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in dining hall workers of a Nigerian University was determined. Of a total of 186 workers sampled, 47 (25.3%) were carriers of enterotoxigenic S. aureus in their anterior nares, including 19 (22.4%) of 85 cooks and 11 (23.9%) of 46 stewards. Fifty-five (26.6%) of 207 strains of S. aureus tested produced staphylococcal enterotoxins A (SEA), B (SEB), C (SEC), D (SED) or E (SEE). SEA predominated, with 18 (8.7%) strains elaborating it and representing 32.7% of all enterotoxigenic strains. SEC and SED were produced by 14 (6.8%) an

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Avşaroğlu, M. Dilek. "Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From Various Foods of Animal Origin in Kırşehir, Turkey and Their Enterotoxigenicity." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 4, no. 12 (2016): 1179. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v4i12.1179-1184.961.

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The aim of this study was to detect Staphylococcus aureus contamination to different types of animal origin foods collected in the Kırşehir province of Turkey and to examine their enterotoxin production ability. Out of 120 food samples 38 suspected colonies were obtained and 23 of them were identified as S. aureus by biochemical and molecular analyses. Other species detected were S. chromogenes, S. cohnii ssp. cohnii, S. hominis, S. lentus, S. warneri, and S. xylosus. The isolates were also analysed with regard to carry mecA gene. None of them was found to have mecA gene indicating susceptibil

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RIVA, ALESSANDRA, ELISA BORGHI, DANIELA CIRASOLA, et al. "Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Raw Milk: Prevalence, SCCmec Typing, Enterotoxin Characterization, and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns." Journal of Food Protection 78, no. 6 (2015): 1142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-531.

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Staphylococcus aureus is a known major cause of foodborne illnesses, and raw milk and dairy products are often contaminated by enterotoxigenic and antimicrobial-resistant S. aureus strains. In the present study, 35 S. aureus strains were isolated from 383 raw milk samples collected from various dairy herds in the province of Milan (northern Italy). The isolates were characterized based on their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and the presence of genes encoding staphylococcal enterotoxins (sea, seb, sec, sed, and see). About half (45.7%) of the strains were enterotoxigenic, and 37.1% were

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TSEGMED, URANCHIMEG, GIOVANNI NORMANNO, MARIT PRINGLE, and KAREL KROVACEK. "Occurrence of Enterotoxic Staphylococcus aureus in Raw Milk from Yaks and Cattle in Mongolia." Journal of Food Protection 70, no. 7 (2007): 1726–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-70.7.1726.

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Staphylococcal food poisoning is considered one of the leading foodborne illnesses in humans worldwide and is associated with contaminated foods of animal origin, such as milk and dairy products. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of staphylococci and the enterotoxigenic properties of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw milk from yaks (Bos mutus) and cattle in Mongolia. Staphylococci were isolated from 72 (74%) of the 97 raw milk samples. Of the samples containing staphylococci, 69% (50 of 72) were from yaks and 30.5% (22 of 72) were from cattle. S. aureus was detected in 10% of

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Boynukara, Banur, Timur Gulhan, Kemal Gurturk, Mustafa Alisarli, and Erdal Ogun. "Evolution of slime production by coagulase-negative staphylococci and enterotoxigenic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from various human clinical specimens." Journal of Medical Microbiology 56, no. 10 (2007): 1296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.47140-0.

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The present study was designed to determine the slime production of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and the enterotoxigenic properties of Staphylococcus aureus strains, and to evaluate the clinical importance of slime-producing CoNS and enterotoxigenic S. aureus strains isolated from various human clinical specimens. For this purpose, a total of 120 Staphylococcus strains were isolated and identified, and further characterized for their slime production and enterotoxigenicity. Of the clinical isolates, 55 (45.8 %) were found to be S. aureus, and the others (54.2 %) were identified as C

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NÁJERA-SÁNCHEZ, GABRIELA, ROGELIO MALDONADO-RODRÍGUEZ, PATRICIA RUÍZ OLVERA, and LYDIA MOTA de la GARZA. "Development of Two Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reactions for the Detection of Enterotoxigenic Strains of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Foods." Journal of Food Protection 66, no. 6 (2003): 1055–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-66.6.1055.

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Two multiplex polymerase chain reactions were developed for the detection of enterotoxigenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus: one multiplex reaction for the simultaneous detection of enterotoxigenic strains type A (entA), type B (entB), and type E (entE) and another for the simultaneous detection of enterotoxigenic strains type C (entC) and type D (entD). Both reactions were standardized with the use of the reference enterotoxigenic strains of S. aureus: FRI 722, producer of staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) type A (SEA); FRI 1007, producer of SEB; FRI 137, producer of SEC1; FRI 472, producer o

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Badawy, Basma, Mahmoud Elafify, Alshimaa M. M. Farag, et al. "Ecological Distribution of Virulent Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Livestock, Environment, and Dairy Products." Antibiotics 11, no. 11 (2022): 1651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11111651.

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Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causes of mastitis, leading to severe economic losses in the dairy industry. It is also zoonotic, with potential risks to public health. This study aimed to detect the occurrence of S. aureus-resistant strains isolated from cattle, buffalo, their environment, milk and dairy products; and to investigate the extent of animal, ecological, and food contamination by methicillin-resistant (MRSA) or enterotoxigenic S. aureus. Samples (n = 350) were collected from four animal (two cattle and two buffalo) farms, i.e., their environment. Thirty Karish chee

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TAMARAPU, SUDHIR, JOHN L. McKILLIP, and MARYANNE DRAKE. "Development of a Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for Detection and Differentiation of Staphylococcus aureus in Dairy Products†." Journal of Food Protection 64, no. 5 (2001): 664–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-64.5.664.

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A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for the detection and differentiation of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in dairy products. A solvent extraction procedure was successfully modified for extraction of S. aureus DNA from 10 ml of artificially contaminated skim milk or 20 g cheddar cheese. Primers targeting the enterotoxin C gene (entC) and thermostable nuclease gene (nuc) were used in the multiplex PCR. PCR products were confirmed using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. DNA was consistently quantified and amplified by uniplex PCR from 10 CFU/

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El Maghraby, Hanaa. "Nasal Carriage of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus and microRNA 146a expression profile in rheumatoid arthritis patients." Egyptian journal of Immunology 32, no. 2 (2025): 44–56. https://doi.org/10.55133/eji.320205.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease of multifactorial etiology which is linked to interactions between host and environmental factors. Previous studies showed that nasal carriage of the enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus and increased expression of micro RNA-146a (miRNA-146a) may have a role in RA pathogenesis and severity. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of nasal colonization by the enterotoxigenic S. aureus in RA patients and to correlate serum levels of staphylococcal enterotoxin and miRNA-146a relative expression in all the study partic

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SUMNER, SUSAN S., JULIE A. ALBRECHT, and DIANNE L. PETERS. "Occurrence of Enterotoxigenic Strains of Staphylococcus aureusand Enterotoxin Production in Bakery Products." Journal of Food Protection 56, no. 8 (1993): 722–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-56.8.722.

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Bakery items were surveyed for the presence of Staphylococcus aureus. Items analyzed were oatmeal raisin cookies, apple muffins, cream puffs, and long Johns. S. aureus were isolated from 21 (9.8%) of 214 bakery items surveyed. Enterotoxin was produced by seven of these isolates. An enterotoxin producing S. aureus was found in one apple muffin and one long John and in five of the cream puffs. The pH and water activity ranges for the bakery items would support S. aureus growth except the water activity for the cookies. An enterotoxin A-producing strain of S. aureus was also inoculated in or on t

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Korpysa-Dzirba, Weronika, and Jacek Osek. "Detection of classical genes and enterotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw milk in the south-east region of Poland." Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 58, no. 4 (2014): 559–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bvip-2014-0086.

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Abstract The aim of the study was to investigate if the enterotoxigenic strains of S. aureus isolated from raw milk are able to produce staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) A - E. A total of 168 of S. aureus isolates from raw milk collected in the south - east region of Poland (Lubelskie Province) were tested for SE production by the ELFA, while multiplex PCR was applied for detection of enterotoxin genes (sea, seb, sec, sed, see). It was found that 20 (11.9%) out of 168 strains were positive for one or more classical SE markers and 19 of them produced a detectable level of enterotoxins. The resu

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Elmonir, Walid, Etab Abo-Remela, and Azza Sobeih. "Public health risks of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in raw bovine milk sold in informal markets in Egypt." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 12, no. 07 (2018): 533–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.9509.

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Introduction: Milk is an important food in Egypt and most of it is sold as raw milk in informal markets. Methodology: This study was conducted to investigate the public health risks of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in milk sold in informal markets in Egypt. A total of 121 milk samples were analyzed for occurrence, virulence genes and antibiotic resistance of E. coli and S. aureus. Results: A total of 35/121 (28.9%) of milk samples were contaminated with 16/121 (13.2%) E. coli, 22/121 (18.2%) S. aureus, and 3/121 (2.5%) both isolates. Shiga-toxin producing E. coli (STEC

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Naffa, Randa G., Salwa M. Bdour, Hussein M. Migdadi, and Asem A. Shehabi. "Enterotoxicity and genetic variation among clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Jordan." Journal of Medical Microbiology 55, no. 2 (2006): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.46183-0.

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A total of 100 Jordanian clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates was analysed for the presence of the enterotoxin genes sea, seb, sec, sed and see using multiplex PCR. Twenty-three isolates (23 %) were potentially enterotoxigenic. The prevalence of sea, sec and sea plus sec among the total clinical isolates was 15, 4 and 4 %, respectively. None of the isolates harboured sed, seb or see genes. S. aureus isolates were subjected to DNA fingerprinting by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis to test whether isolates harbouring the toxin genes were genetically clustered. A total of 13

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Shariatifar, M., M. Salavati-Hamedani, R. Rezaeian-Doloei, M. Rezaeigolestani, and M. Mohsenzadeh. "Antibiotic resistance and enterotoxin gene profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw milk in Iran." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 74, no. 1 (2023): 5433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.29671.

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Staphylococcus aureus is a food-borne pathogen frequently isolated from raw milk in different parts of the world. The emergence of antibiotic resistant strains of S. aureus has become an important global public health issue. In spite of this problem, the contamination rate of raw milk with enterotoxigenic antibiotic resistant S. aureus strains has been rarely evaluated in Iran. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of coagulase positive S. aureus strains isolated from bulk tank milk samples in Mashhad, and to analyze the frequency of genes encoding the staphyloc

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LOETO, DANIEL, M. I. MATSHEKA, and B. A. GASHE. "Enterotoxigenic and Antibiotic Resistance Determination of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Food Handlers in Gaborone, Botswana." Journal of Food Protection 70, no. 12 (2007): 2764–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-70.12.2764.

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The prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and enterotoxigenic potential of Staphylococcus aureus strains from different anatomical sites on food handlers in Gaborone, Botswana, were determined. Of a total of 200 food handlers tested, 115 (57.5%) were positive for S. aureus. Of the 204 S. aureus isolates, 63 (30.9%), 91 (44.6%), and 50 (24.5%) were isolated from the hand, nasal cavity, and face, respectively, and 43 (21%) of the isolates were enterotoxigenic. The most prevalent enterotoxin was type A, which accounted for 34.9% of all the enterotoxigenic strains, and enterotoxin D was produced by t

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Mahmoud, A. F. A., A. El-S. E. Hafezm, A. F. Abdullatif, A. S. El-tahlawy, and R. Ras. "Rabbit meat as a potential source of multidrug-resistant and enterotoxigenic." Theory and practice of meat processing 9, no. 1 (2024): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2414-438x-2024-9-1-32-39.

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Staphylococcus aureus in rabbit meat is a consequence of insufficient hygienic handling and improper processing posing a major health hazard. This study was conducted to assess rabbit meat as a potential source of Staphylococcus species, particularly Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Furthermore, the identified S. aureus isolates were tested for the detection of the mecA virulence gene of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and enterotoxin encoding genes (Sea, Seb, Sec, and Sed). A total of 80 samples of different rabbit meat cuts represented by shoulder, ribs, loin, and thigh

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Ahmed, Ahmed A. H., Nagah Maharik, Antonio Valero, Walaa Elsherif, and Sahar Mahmoud Kamal. "Effect of Yoghourt Starter Culture and Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles on the Activity of Enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in Domiati Cheese." Applied Sciences 13, no. 6 (2023): 3935. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13063935.

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Domiati cheese is the most popular type of white soft cheese in Egypt. Staphylococcus aureus is a common microorganism that can easily contaminate Domiati cheese during processing and distribution. Enterotoxigenic S. aureus strains produce staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) that have been involved in food poisoning outbreaks worldwide. The aim of the present study was to examine the inhibitory effect of yoghourt starter culture and nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) on the development of the enterotoxigenic S. aureus together with the enterotoxin production during the manufacturing and storage

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Banaszkiewicz, Sylwia, Jessica K. Calland, Evangelos Mourkas, Samuel K. Sheppard, Ben Pascoe, and Jacek Bania. "Genetic Diversity of Composite Enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus epidermidis Pathogenicity Islands." Genome Biology and Evolution 11, no. 12 (2019): 3498–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evz259.

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Abstract The only known elements encoding enterotoxins in coagulase-negative staphylococci are composite Staphylococcus epidermidis pathogenicity islands (SePIs), including SePI and S. epidermidis composite insertion (SeCI) regions. We investigated 1545 Staphylococcus spp. genomes using whole-genome MLST, and queried them for genes of staphylococcal enterotoxin family and for 29 ORFs identified in prototype SePI from S. epidermidis FRI909. Enterotoxin-encoding genes were identified in 97% of Staphylococcus aureus genomes, in one Staphylococcus argenteus genome and in nine S. epidermidis genome

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El-SHAROUD, WALID M., and GIUSEPPE SPANO. "Diversity and Enterotoxigenicity of Staphylococcus spp. Associated with Domiati Cheese." Journal of Food Protection 71, no. 12 (2008): 2567–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-71.12.2567.

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A total of 87 samples of fresh and stored Domiati cheese (an Egyptian soft cheese) were examined for the presence of Staphylococcus spp. Fifteen Staphylococcus isolates identified as S. aureus (2 isolates), S. xylosus (4), S. caprae (4), and S. chromogenes (5) were recovered from 15 cheese samples. The S. aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin G and ampicillin, and one isolate was also resistant to tetracycline. S. aureus isolates harbored classical staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) genes (sea and seb) and recently characterized SE-like genes (selg, seli, selm, and selo). One S. aureus iso

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Farid, Eman M., Dalia A. Salim, and Amany N. Dapgh. "Occurrence of Enterotoxigenic S. aureus in Half-Cooked Chicken Products." Zagazig Veterinary Journal 41, no. 2 (2013): 140–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/zvjz.2013.95689.

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Kahraman, Beren Basaran, Recep Geckinli, and Seyyal Ak. "Detection of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in raw and pasteurized milk." Veterinarski arhiv 94, no. 1 (2024): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24099/vet.arhiv.2038.

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The aim of this study was to investigate staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) by ELISA, and detect the five classical sea, seb, sec, sed, and see genes by real-time PCR in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from raw and pasteurized milk samples. Staphylococcus spp. were isolated from 98 out of 100 raw milk samples, and in 6 out of 100 pasteurized milk samples. On further biochemical tests, S. aureus was isolated in 48 samples (48%) of raw milk (n=100) and in one sample (1%) of pasteurized milk (n=100). Ten (10%) out of 100 raw milk samples were positive for at least one enterotoxin, and the most freq

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KAV, KURSAT, RAMAZAN COL, and MUSTAFA ARDIC. "Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from White-Brined Urfa Cheese." Journal of Food Protection 74, no. 11 (2011): 1788–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-179.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) genes in Urfa cheese samples and to characterize the enterotoxigenic potential of these isolates. From a total of 127 Urfa cheese samples, 53 isolates (from 41.7% of the samples) were identified by a species-specific PCR assay as S. aureus. Of these isolates, 40 (75.5%) gave positive PCR results for the 3′ end of the coa gene. The coa-positive S. aureus strains were characterized for their population levels and enterotoxigenic properties, including slime factor, β-lactamase, antib

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Shanehbandi, Dariush, Behzad Baradaran, Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad, and Habib Zarredar. "Occurrence of Methicillin Resistant and Enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in Traditional Cheeses in the North West of Iran." ISRN Microbiology 2014 (February 13, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/129580.

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Traditional dairy products are potential sources of a variety of microorganisms which participate in food poisoning. Staphylococcus aureus is a conspicuous example of toxigenic bacteria causative for food-borne diseases. Moreover, resistance to methicillin is a prominent index in food hygiene studies. In the present study, we have aimed at characterization and identification of enterotoxigenic methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolated from traditional cheeses in Azerbaijan region in the northwest of Iran during 2012. A number of phenotypical and molecular assays were utilized for screeni

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David, Teniola, Olakunle, Abisoye, Fiyinfoluwa Solomon, Folounso, Temitayo Veronica, Fowora, Adenike Muinah, Ikuesan, Adeleke Felix, and A. Bamidele, Tajudeen. "Molecular Detection of Enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in Ready-to-eat Cowhide (‘Ponmo’) Collected from Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria." European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety 15, no. 7 (2023): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2023/v15i71319.

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Aims: Ready-to-eat [RTE] animal products like ponmo are preferred by consumers due to its palatability and quality. However, foodborne pathogens particularly Staphylococcus aureus are sources of concern due to cross-contamination of raw and cooked cowhide. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of enterotoxigenic S. aureus in ready-to-eat locally processed cowhide. Methodology: Sixty (60) RTE cowhide samples were collected from different locations in Lagos, Nigeria and analyzed using conventional microbiological and molecular techniques for the detection of toxigenic S. aureus con

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El-Masry, Reham M., Dalia Talat, Shahira A. Hassoubah, et al. "Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of ZnO Nanoparticles against Enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus." Life 12, no. 10 (2022): 1662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12101662.

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Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a Gram-positive bacteria considered one of the leading causes of community and hospital-acquired illnesses or public health concerns. Antibiotic resistance in this microorganism is one of the greatest issues in global health care. The use of metal nanoparticles and their oxides is one of the potential approaches to combating bacteria resistance to antibiotics. The antibacterial properties of ZnO NPs against enterotoxigenic S. aureus were studied. ZnO NPs were tested in vitro by agar diffusion test. They resulted in 26 and 22 mm zones of inhibition for a siz

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Can, H. Yeşim, and T. Haluk Çelik. "Detection of enterotoxigenic and antimicrobial resistant S. aureus in Turkish cheeses." Food Control 24, no. 1-2 (2012): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.09.009.

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Ljevaković-Musladin, Ivana, Lidija Kozačinski, Marija Krilanović, et al. "Enterotoxigenic and Antimicrobic Susceptibility Profile of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Fresh Cheese in Croatia." Microorganisms 11, no. 12 (2023): 2993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11122993.

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Certain Staphylococcus aureus strains harbour staphylococcal enterotoxin genes and hence can produce enterotoxin during their growth in food. Therefore, food can be a source of staphylococcal food poisoning, one of the most common food-borne diseases worldwide. Epidemiological data show that S. aureus is often present in raw milk cheeses, and consequently, cheeses are often the source of staphylococcal food poisoning outbreaks. The aim of this study was to determine the phenotypic characteristics of S. aureus isolates from fresh cheese, including antibiotic susceptibility; the presence of clas

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TSEN, HAU-YANG, GEE-KAITE YU, and IN-TING LIN. "Plasmid Profiles and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis for Type A Enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Foods." Journal of Food Protection 58, no. 2 (1995): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-58.2.147.

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Reports regarding the use of plasmid profile and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) in subtyping of specific enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus isolated from food samples are limited. We isolated 176 strains of S. aureus from food samples and showed that 64 of these strains are enterotoxigenic as determined by staphylococcal enterotoxin A, B, C, D detection kit by reversed passive latex agglutination (SET-RPLA) method. Of these 64 enterotoxigenic strains, 45 by SET-RPLA or 44 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were identified to be staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) producing strains.

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Manovska, Marija Ratkova, Mirko Prodanov, Ljupcho Angelovski, Dean Jankuloski, and Pavle Sekulovski. "Prevalence of the Enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus Aureus Strains Isolated from Raw Milk and Cheese Produced in North Macedonia." Macedonian Veterinary Review 44, no. 1 (2021): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/macvetrev-2021-0014.

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Abstract Staphylococcus aureus is an important foodborne pathogen due to toxin-related virulence, invasiveness and antibiotic resistance. The ability of S. aureus strains to produce one or more staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) in food has been associated with the occurrence of staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP), which is the most common foodborne intoxication worldwide. The study aimed to determine the count of S. aureus strains in samples of raw cow’s milk and various cheeses produced in R. North Macedonia and to detect their ability to produce enterotoxins by passive agglutination SET RPLA

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Baz, Amira. "Prevalence, Molecular Characterization, Antibiotics Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Egyptian Soft Cheese, and Effect of Rosemary Essential Oil on its Viability." Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences 73, no. 2 (2022): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.104387.

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Staphylococcus aureus has the ability to yield heat stable enterotoxins resulting in food intoxication in human with variable intensity. So, the objectives of this research are to investigate the incidence of Staphylococcus aureus in Egyptian Soft Cheese (Talaga cheese), molecular identification of nuc and mecA genes in isolated strains by Multiplex PCR, assess the antimicrobial resistance profile using 16 different antibiotics as well as evaluate the Antimicrobial activity of rosemary oil on the viability of S. aureus. Sixty random samples of Talaga soft cheese were collected from different m

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VALLE, J., E. GOMEZ-LUCIA, S. PIRIZ, and S. VADILLO. "Staphylococcal Enterotoxins and Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 (TSST-1) Production During Induced Goat Mastitis." Journal of Food Protection 54, no. 4 (1991): 267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-54.4.267.

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Six Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxigenic type strains were inoculated into the udders of healthy goats in order to check the “in vivo” production of staphylococcal enterotoxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin-one (TSST-1). Staphylococcal enterotoxins and TSST-1 produced by toxigenic strains in milk samples were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. S. aureus strains FRI-100, FRI-1173, and CC-92 produced high levels of SEA, SEB, and TSST-1, respectively, in the inoculated goats' udders.

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Manovska, Marija Ratkova, Mirko Prodanov, Dean Jankuloski, Pavle Sekulovski, and Katerina Blagoevska. "Detection of Enterotoxigenic Potential of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates from Cheese Samples with Two Different Methods." Macedonian Veterinary Review 45, no. 1 (2022): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/macvetrev-2022-0010.

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Abstract The primary objective of our study was to detect the occurrence of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in diverse types of cheese (cow’s milk cheese and mixed milk cheese) samples from R.N. Macedonia. Cheese samples were analyzed for enumeration and isolation of the S. aureus strains according to ISO 6888-1. We detected the toxigenic potential of the strains by the use of the Enzyme Link Fluorescent Assay VIDAS system, and we confirmed the presence of the SEs (sea, seb, sec, sed, see) genes by multiplex PCR. The results showed that out of 270 samples of cheese, coagulase-positive st

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Maktabi, Siavash, Dariush Gharibi, and Taherah Hormozi. "Detection of Enterotoxin A Gene (sea) and Determination of Different Biotypes of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates From Milk and Cheese in Khuzestan Province, Iran." International Journal of Enteric Pathogens 9, no. 3 (2021): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijep.2021.23.

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Background: There has been a growing concern about the potential transmission of Staphylococcus aureus strains among human and animal species through the consumption and handling of foods of animal origin. Objective: The present study aimed to determine the source and possible route of milk and dairy contamination in Khuzestan province of Iran. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 raw cow’s milk and 50 traditional cheese samples were collected from local markets in different cities of Khuzestan province, Iran. Presumptive colonies on Baird Parker Agar were subjected to the Polymerase Chain Re

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Nakhaee, Peyman, and Hafez Mohamed Hafez. "Public Health Impact of Staphylococcal and Clostridial Infections of Poultry: A Comprehensive Review." Journal of Poultry Sciences and Avian Diseases 3, no. 1 (2025): 13–25. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.jpsad.3.1.2.

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Staphylococcus aureus causes staphylococcal food poisoning and several difficult-to-treat infections in humans. The occurrence and dissemination of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is crucial and well documented in various studies. MRSA is an increasing public health concern worldwide. In addition, S. aureus is resistant to commonly used antibiotics in poultry farms, which is a concern to public health because of the transmission of this bacteria after consuming poultry meat. Hence, these highlight the significance of antimicrobial and enterotoxigenic monitoring of S. aureus in food chai

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OBAIDAT, MOHAMMAD M., ALAA E. BANI SALMAN, and SHAWKAT Q. LAFI. "Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in Imported Fish and Correlations between Antibiotic Resistance and Enterotoxigenicity." Journal of Food Protection 78, no. 11 (2015): 1999–2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-104.

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A total of 156 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were obtained from 330 imported fresh fish samples from three countries. Selective media were used for the isolation of S. aureus, and the isolates were confirmed by PCR. The isolates were tested for mecA gene, antibiotic resistance, and enterotoxin genes (sea, seb, sec, sed, see, seg, seh, and sei). Most isolates carried sea, seg, and sei genes, and seg-sei was the most frequent enterotoxin profile. About 88.5% of the S. aureus exhibited resistance to at least one antibiotic. High resistance to penicillin and ampicillin; low resistance to tetracyc

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Carmo, Luiz Simeão do, Ricardo Souza Dias, Valter Roberto Linardi, Maria José de Sena, and Deise Aparecida dos Santos. "An outbreak of staphylococcal food poisoning in the Municipality of Passos, MG, Brazil." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 46, no. 4 (2003): 581–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132003000400012.

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An outbreak of staphylococcal food poisoning involving 42 people who had eaten a meal at a restaurant in the Municipality of Passos, Minas Gerais, Brazil, is reported. Thirty-one of the individuals became ill with vomiting, diarrhea and dizziness within 30 minutes after eating the meal. The foods suspected were: chicken pancake, rice, beans, tomato sauce and mashed chick-peas. Large numbers (> 2.0x10(8) CFU/g) of enterotoxigenic staphylococci were present in the chicken pancake. These strains produced enterotoxins A, B and D. Swabs from the nasal cavity and throat and from under the fingern

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Medveďová, A., A. Studeničová, Ľ. Valík, and Z. Horváthová. "Prevalence and growth dynamics of enterotoxinogenic Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Slovakian dairy products ." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 32, No. 4 (2014): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/421/2013-cjfs.

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We investigated the prevalence of enterotoxigenic S. aureus in the Slovakian dairy products and compared the reliability of different routine methods of identification. Out of 64 isolates, 44% were confirmed as S. aureus. There was only a little correlation in the confirmation by API Staph, VIT-Staphylococcus, and PCR detection. The PCR results revealed that 32% of S. aureus isolates possessed the selected gene for SEs enterotoxins (SEA-SEE), with sea as the most predominant gene. Neither seb nor sed genes were found throughout the collection. Additionally, the growth analysis of the isolates

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Kahledian, Saeed, Mohammadreza Pajohi-Alamoti, and Pezhman Mahmoodi. "Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Enterotoxin-Producing Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From Samosa and Falafel in Iran." International Journal of Enteric Pathogens 8, no. 1 (2020): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijep.2020.05.

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Objective: This study aimed to determine the contamination rate of Staphylococcus aureus in Samosa and falafel as most popular snacks, detect the classic enterotoxins, mecA, and tst genes and investigate antimicrobial resistance in the isolates. Materials and Methods: The samples were examined using bacterial culture and the suspected isolates were characterized by biochemical tests. The identity of S. aureus isolates and the presence of enterotoxin-encoding genes were assessed using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and antibiotic resistance of the isolates was determined. Res

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TAREKGNE, ENQUEBAHER K., TARAN SKJERDAL, SIV SKEIE, et al. "Enterotoxin Gene Profile and Molecular Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Bovine Bulk Milk and Milk Products of Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia." Journal of Food Protection 79, no. 8 (2016): 1387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-003.

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ABSTRACT Staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP) is an important foodborne disease worldwide, and milk and milk products are commonly associated with SFP outbreaks. The objectives of this study were to investigate the distribution of staphylococcal enterotoxin (se) genes in Staphylococcus aureus from raw cow's milk and milk products and to assess their genetic background with the spa typing method. Of the 549 samples (297 bulk milk and 162 milk product samples) collected from Tigray region, Northern Ethiopia, 160 (29.1%) were positive for S. aureus, of which 82 (51%) were found to harbor se genes

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Akinware, Oluwaseyi, Clement Olusola Ogidi, and Bamidele Juliet Akinyele. "Antibiotic sensitivity patterns and molecular detection of Enterotoxin genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from frozen muscle foods." Croatian journal of food science and technology 15, no. 1 (2023): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17508/cjfst.2023.15.1.11.

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Stapylococcus aureus is considered to be the most common pathogen in commonly consumed and improperly stored frozen foods. Hence, this study investigated the antibiotic sensitivity patterns and the occurrence of enterotoxin genes (sea and seb) in S. aureus isolated from frozen poultry meat of chicken, turkey and fish, namely Trachurus trachurus, Scomber scrombus and Merluccious merluccious. A total of 500 samples of raw meat from chicken (n = 130), turkey (n =130), and different fish (n =240) were randomly purchased from various markets and shopping malls in Akure between September 2020 and De

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Becker, Karsten, Birgit Keller, Christof von Eiff, et al. "Enterotoxigenic Potential ofStaphylococcus intermedius." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 12 (2001): 5551–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.12.5551-5557.2001.

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ABSTRACT Staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP) caused by enterotoxigenic staphylococci is one of the main food-borne diseases. In contrast to Staphylococcus aureus, a systematic screening for the enterotoxins has not yet been performed on the genomic level for the coagulase-positive species S.intermedius. Therefore, the enterotoxigenic potential of 281 different veterinary (canine, n = 247; equine,n = 23; feline, n = 9; other,n = 2) and 11 human isolates of S.intermedius was tested by using a multiplex PCR DNA-enzyme immunoassay system targeting the staphylococcal enterotoxin genes sea, seb, sec

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MARTIN, STEFAN T., and ROBERT B. BEELMAN. "Growth and Enterotoxin Production of Staphylococcus aureus in Fresh Packaged Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus)." Journal of Food Protection 59, no. 8 (1996): 819–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-59.8.819.

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Freshly harvested mushrooms were found to induce a near-anaerobic environment (&lt;2% O2) in unventilated, PVC-overwrapped packages within 2 to 6 h when incubated at 20 to 30°C. Mushrooms were inoculated with an enterotoxigenic strain of Staphylococcus aureus and incubated in overwrapped trays at different temperatures. S. aureus grew and produced staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) in unventilated PVC-overwrapped mushroom packages when inoculated at levels of 103, 104, and 105 CFU/g of mushroom after 4 days of incubation at 30°C. Growth of S. aureus was observed at all levels of inoculation a

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Kizerwetter-Świda, Magdalena, Dorota Chrobak-Chmiel, Magdalena Rzewuska, Joanna Pławińska-Czarnak, and Marian Binek. "Characterisation of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from meat processing plants – a preliminary study." Journal of Veterinary Research 60, no. 4 (2016): 441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jvetres-2016-0066.

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Abstract Introduction: Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) belonging to the clonal complex 398 (CC398) emerged recently in livestock as a new type of MRSA, which may cause zoonotic infections. This study presents data on the characterisation of S. aureus isolated from the meat processing plants. Material and Methods: S. aureus was isolated from 90 samples collected in the raw meat warehouse, from devices and surfaces of meat processing plants, and from finished meat products. The isolates were subjected to molecular analysis in order to investigate the pr

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Fluer, F. S., Ya A. Panova, A. A. Azanova, and E. V. Mamycheva. "Detection of enterotoxigenic strains Staphylococcus aureus, producing SEC and SEI, isolated in patients with pneumonia, sepsis and burns." Journal of microbiology epidemiology immunobiology, no. 6 (December 16, 2019): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2019-6-72-78.

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Aim. To identify the frequency of occurrence of staphylococcal enterotoxins of the SEC and SEI type produced by Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from patients with different nosology. As you know, the infection process in them proceeds with severe intoxication without vomiting and intestinal disorders.Materials and methods. 79 strains were studied (43 were isolated in case of pneumonia, 13 - in burns, 11 - in sepsis) S. aureus in the presence of SES and SEI using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results. It was found that 48.3% of S. aureus strains isolated from patients with pne

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Necidová, Lenka, Bohdana Janštová, and Renata Karpíšková. "Dynamics of staphylococcal enterotoxin production in model experiments simulating the fresh cheese environment." Acta Veterinaria Brno 81, no. 4 (2012): 391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201281040391.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of internal factors (pH, NaCl) and external factors (temperature, incubation time) on the ability of Staphylococcus aureus to grow and to produce staphylococcal enterotoxins SEA, SEB, and SEC. The fresh cheese environment was modelled in Brain Heart Infusion Broth media and food matrices (pasteurized milk from retail outlets) by internal and external factors (pH = 4.5 and 5.5, 2% NaCl, and t = 8 °C and 15 °C). The counts of enterotoxigenic strains of S. aureus at baseline, i.e. at the time of inoculation of model samples, corresponded to those e

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Mohammed, Srwa A., Mohammed I. J. Al-ani, Dereh L. Mohammed, Lina R. Salar, and Banaz M. Rasul. "Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin genes by using plant extracts." Innovaciencia Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales 6, no. 2 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/2346075x.469.

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Introduction: Enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen that causes septicemia and bacteremia and is often associated with serious complications, such as endocarditis and osteomyelitis. Some Staphylococcus enterotoxins require only minute quantities to be toxic in humans. The present study focused on investigation how to remove this problematic issue. Objectives: This study was conducted to inhibit S. aureus enterotoxin genes that obtained from positive blood culture bottles of patients at the pediatric hospital in Sulaimania city. Methods: Twenty five isolates of S. aureu

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Ede Çintesun, Elif, and Sinem Özmen Togay. "Pathogenic potential of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from unpackaged ice cream samples sold in Istanbul." Food and Health 10, no. 1 (2024): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3153/fh24007.

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Ice cream is a widely consumed refreshing food, especially in the summer months, and it creates a suitable environment for microbial growth due to its high nutritional value, appropriate pH, and long storage time. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of enterotoxigenic and meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in unpackaged ice cream samples sold in Istanbul, Turkey. For that purpose, 101 unpackaged ice cream samples were collected and evaluated for coagulase activity, DNase activity, and methicillin resistance. Staphylococcus aureus is determined in 66 (65.3%) samples with a mean l

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Lubna, Tahir Hussain, Ashwag Shami, et al. "Antimicrobial Usage and Detection of Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Methicillin- and Tetracycline-Resistant Strains in Raw Milk of Lactating Dairy Cattle." Antibiotics 12, no. 4 (2023): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12040673.

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Staphylococcus aureus is a prominent cause of food-borne diseases worldwide. Enterotoxigenic strains of this bacteria are frequently found in raw milk, and some of these strains are resistant to antimicrobials, posing a risk to consumers. The main objectives of this study were to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern of S. aureus in raw milk and to detect the presence of mecA and tetK genes in it. A total of 150 milk samples were obtained aseptically from lactating cattle, including Holstein Friesian, Achai, and Jersey breeds, maintained at different dairy farms. The milk samples were

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