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Journal articles on the topic 'Entrada Sandstone'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Cruikshank, Kenneth M., Guozhu Zhao, and Arvid M. Johnson. "Duplex structures connecting fault segments in Entrada Sandstone." Journal of Structural Geology 13, no. 10 (1991): 1185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8141(91)90077-v.

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2

Crabaugh, Mary, and Gary Kocurek. "Entrada Sandstone: an example of a wet aeolian system." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 72, no. 1 (1993): 103–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1993.072.01.11.

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3

Lockley, Martin, R. Fleming, and Kelly Conrad. "Distribution and Significance of Mesozoic Vertebrate Trace Fossils in Dinosaur National Monument." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 14 (January 1, 1990): 39–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1990.2867.

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Dinosaur National Monument (DINO) encompasses an area that has rocks with a high potential for preservation of vertebrate trace fossils, especially dinosaur tracks. The purpose of this research is to document the presence, type, and distribution of vertebrate trace fossils in Mesozoic rocks exposed in DINO. These rocks include the Moenkopi Formation, Chinle/Popo Agie Formation, Glen Canyon Sandstone, Carmel Formation, Entrada Sandstone, Morrison Formation, Cedar Mountain Formation, Dakota Formation, and Frontier Formation. This study will increase our knowledge of the stratigraphic and geographic distribution of vertebrate tracks as well as provide taxonomic, behavioral, and paleoenvironmental data. During the 1990 field season, reconnaissance of the western part of DINO revealed the presence of vertebrate trace fossils in the Chinle/Popo Agie Formation. In addition, our examination of the Moenkopi Formation suggests that vertebrate tracks are probably present in this unit. Locality information was also obtained for probable track-sites in the Carmel Formation, Entrada Sandstone, and Morrison Formation.

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4

Cruikshank, Kenneth M., and Atilla Aydin. "Unweaving the joints in Entrada Sandstone, Arches National Park, Utah, U.S.A." Journal of Structural Geology 17, no. 3 (1995): 409–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8141(94)00061-4.

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5

Kampman, N., A. Maskell, M. J. Bickle, et al. "Scientific drilling and downhole fluid sampling of a natural CO<sub>2</sub> reservoir, Green River, Utah." Scientific Drilling 16 (November 5, 2013): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sd-16-33-2013.

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Abstract. A scientific borehole, CO2W55, was drilled into an onshore anticline, near the town of Green River, Utah for the purposes of studying a series of natural CO2 reservoirs. The objective of this research project is to recover core and fluids from natural CO2 accumulations in order to study and understand the long-term consequences of exposure of supercritical CO2, CO2-gas and CO2-charged fluids on geological materials. This will improve our ability to predict the security of future geological CO2 storage sites and the behaviour of CO2 during migration through the overburden. The Green River anticline is thought to contain supercritical reservoirs of CO2 in Permian sandstone and Mississippian-Pennsylvanian carbonate and evaporite formations at depths > 800 m. Migration of CO2 and CO2-charged brine from these deep formations, through the damage zone of two major normal faults in the overburden, feeds a stacked series of shallow reservoirs in Jurassic sandstones from 500 m depth to near surface. The drill-hole was spudded into the footwall of the Little Grand Wash normal fault at the apex of the Green River anticline, near the site of Crystal Geyser, a CO2-driven cold water geyser. The hole was drilled using a CS4002 Truck Mounted Core Drill to a total depth of 322 m and DOSECC’s hybrid coring system was used to continuously recover core. CO2-charged fluids were first encountered at ~ 35 m depth, in the basal sandstones of the Entrada Sandstone, which is open to surface, the fluids being effectively sealed by thin siltstone layers within the sandstone unit. The well penetrated a ~ 17 m thick fault zone within the Carmel Formation, the footwall damage zone of which hosted CO2-charged fluids in open fractures. CO2-rich fluids were encountered throughout the thickness of the Navajo Sandstone. The originally red sandstone and siltstone units, where they are in contact with the CO2-charged fluids, have been bleached by dissolution of hematite grain coatings. Fluid samples were collected from the Navajo Sandstone at formation pressures using a positive displacement wireline sampler, and fluid CO2 content and pH were measured at surface using high pressure apparatus. The results from the fluid sampling show that the Navajo Sandstone is being fed by active inflow of CO2-saturated brines through the fault damage zone; that these brines mix with meteoric fluid flowing laterally into the fault zone; and that the downhole fluid sampling whilst drilling successfully captures this dynamic process.

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6

Rushton, Jeremy C., Doris Wagner, Jonathan M. Pearce, Christopher A. Rochelle, and Gemma Purser. "Red-bed bleaching in a CO2 storage analogue: Insights from Entrada Sandstone fracture-hosted mineralization." Journal of Sedimentary Research 90, no. 1 (2020): 48–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2020.4.

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ABSTRACT Improving our ability to predict the interactions between CO2 and reservoir rocks at geological time scales is of key importance if carbon capture and storage (CCS) is to have a role in climate-change mitigation, particularly in the light of likely regulatory requirements. Understanding and identifying the relevant geological processes over long time scales can be obtained only at natural-analogue sites. At one such site, in the Salt Wash Graben area of Utah, USA, widespread bleaching affects the Middle Jurassic red-bed “wet dune” Entrada Sandstone. Previous work has proposed a genetic link between the bleaching and spatially concomitant recent and modern CO2-rich fluids. The results presented here challenge some of the previous models and come from a detailed petrographic examination of mineralized fractures in the Entrada Sandstone that are centered in vertical extensions to the bleaching. These fractures typically contain complex mineralization assemblages. Pyrite was a paragenetically early phase, identifiable from common pseudomorphs of mixed iron oxides and oxyhydroxides that rarely contain relict pyrite. The pyrite contains up to 3 wt% arsenic. The volume of fracture-adjacent bleached sandstone is sufficient to have been the source of iron for the pyrite originally present in the fracture. The pyrite pseudomorphs occur at the center of fracture- and pore-filling cements that comprise intergrowths of hematite–goethite–jarosite–gypsum, an assemblage that suggests that their formation resulted from the oxidative alteration of pyrite, a genetic link supported by the arsenic present in the iron-bearing minerals. The presence of jarosite and proximal removal of earlier, sandstone-hosted carbonates are consistent with, and indicative of, the low-pH conditions associated with pyrite oxidation reactions. Calcite- and gypsum-cemented fractures crosscut, and contain fragments of, the pyrite-pseudomorphic and -oxidation assemblages, proving that they postdate pyrite formation and its subsequent oxidation, and that pyrite oxidation was not a result of modern weathering reactions. In outcrop, some calcite- and gypsum-cemented fractures link with travertine deposits associated with the modern and recent CO2-rich fluids. The mineral assemblages observed here, and the paragenetic sequence that we have inferred, suggest that the fracture-associated bleaching patterns result from the fracture-fed movement of sulfur-bearing reducing fluids, with hydrogen sulfide the most likely bleaching agent. We conclude that bleaching adjacent to fractures is not genetically related to modern CO2-bearing fluids despite the spatial relationship. The bleaching was already present when the modern fluids utilized the same fracture-based fluid pathways. We suggest that the more widespread regional bleaching formed contemporaneously with the fracture bleaching and followed similar mechanisms. This study highlights the complexity of interpreting analogue sites and the importance of using field and petrographic observations to unravel textures and events that are juxtaposed spatially but not temporally.

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7

Orhan, Hükmü. "Importance of dust storms in the diagenesis of sandstones: a case study, Entrada sandstone in the Ghost Ranch area, New Mexico, USA." Sedimentary Geology 77, no. 1-2 (1992): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(92)90106-2.

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8

Wilson, Penelope I. R., Ken J. W. McCaffrey, and Robert E. Holdsworth. "Magma-driven accommodation structures formed during sill emplacement at shallow crustal depths: The Maiden Creek sill, Henry Mountains, Utah." Geosphere 15, no. 4 (2019): 1368–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02067.1.

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Abstract In areas of exceptional exposure, upper-crustal intrusions and their immediate wall rocks commonly preserve direct evidence of the emplacement, magma flow pathways, and strains associated with the intrusion process. Such excellent exposure is displayed by the Paleogene Maiden Creek intrusion—a small satellite body related to the Mount Hillers intrusive complex, Henry Mountains, Utah. An intermediate plagioclase-hornblende porphyritic magma was intruded into the Entrada Sandstone Formation at an estimated depth of ∼3 km. The southern part of the intrusion is overlain by the newly identified Maiden Creek shear zone (MCSZ): a subhorizontal, top-to-the-WNW detachment formed at the contact with the overlying sandstone country rocks. From observations of both syn-emplacement deformation and the exposed intrusion geometries, it is proposed that the southern Maiden Creek intrusion comprises westerly derived, inclined sill sheets. Host-rock sandstones were sandwiched (∼E–W constriction) between these intrusive bodies beneath the MCSZ. It is proposed that the MCSZ is a syn-emplacement magma-driven accommodation structure, with a shear sense antithetic to the magma flow direction, which played a critical role in accommodating the westerly derived sill intrusion. Our results show that inelastic syn-emplacement deformation structures, such as the MCSZ, are very important in the accommodation of magma in the subsurface. Such small structures are unlikely to be imaged by seismic-reflection surveys, highlighting the importance of detailed field studies in our understanding of intrusion geometry and emplacement mechanisms.

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9

Loope, D. B. "Life Beneath the Surfaces of Active Jurassic Dunes: Burrows from the Entrada Sandstone of South-Central Utah." PALAIOS 23, no. 6 (2008): 411–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/palo.2006.p06-133r.

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10

Garden, I. R., S. C. Guscott, S. D. Burley, K. A. Foxford, J. J. Walsh, and J. Marshall. "An exhumed palaeo-hydrocarbon migration fairway in a faulted carrier system, Entrada Sandstone of SE Utah, USA." Geofluids 1, no. 3 (2001): 195–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-8123.2001.00018.x.

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11

Breit, George N. "Origin of clay minerals associated with V-U deposits in the Entrada Sandstone, Placerville mining district, southwestern Colorado." Economic Geology 90, no. 2 (1995): 407–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.90.2.407.

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12

Milàn, Jesper, and David B. Loope. "Preservation and Erosion of Theropod Tracks in Eolian Deposits: Examples from the Middle Jurassic Entrada Sandstone, Utah, U.S.A." Journal of Geology 115, no. 3 (2007): 375–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/512758.

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13

Skurtveit, E., A. Torabi, A. Sundal, and A. Braathen. "The role of mechanical stratigraphy on CO2 migration along faults – examples from Entrada Sandstone, Humbug Flats, Utah, USA." International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 109 (July 2021): 103376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2021.103376.

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14

Wilson, Penelope I. R., Robert W. Wilson, David J. Sanderson, Ian Jarvis, and Kenneth J. W. McCaffrey. "Analysis of deformation bands associated with the Trachyte Mesa intrusion, Henry Mountains, Utah: implications for reservoir connectivity and fluid flow around sill intrusions." Solid Earth 12, no. 1 (2021): 95–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-12-95-2021.

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Abstract. Shallow-level igneous intrusions are a common feature of many sedimentary basins, and there is increased recognition of the syn-emplacement deformation structures in the host rock that help to accommodate this magma addition. However, the sub-seismic structure and reservoir-scale implications of igneous intrusions remain poorly understood. The Trachyte Mesa intrusion is a small (∼1.5 km2), NE–SW trending satellite intrusion to the Oligocene-age Mount Hillers intrusive complex in the Henry Mountains, Utah. It is emplaced within the highly porous, aeolian Entrada Sandstone Formation (Jurassic), producing a network of conjugate sets of NE–SW striking deformation bands trending parallel to the intrusion margins. The network was characterized by defining a series of nodes and branches, from which the topology, frequency, intensity, spacing, characteristic length, and dimensionless intensity of the deformation band traces and branches were determined. These quantitative geometric and topological measures were supplemented by petrological, porosity and microstructural analyses. Results show a marked increase in deformation band intensity and significant porosity reduction with increasing proximity to the intrusion. The deformation bands are likely to impede fluid flow, forming barriers and baffles within the Entrada reservoir unit. A corresponding increase in Y- and X-nodes highlights the significant increase in deformation band connectivity, which in turn will significantly reduce the permeability of the sandstone. This study indicates that fluid flow in deformed host rocks around igneous bodies may vary significantly from that in the undeformed host rock. A better understanding of the variability of deformation structures, and their association with intrusion geometry, will have important implications for industries where fluid flow within naturally fractured reservoirs adds value (e.g. hydrocarbon reservoir deliverability, hydrology, geothermal energy and carbon sequestration).

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15

Kocurek, Gary, and Mackenzie Day. "What is preserved in the aeolian rock record? A Jurassic Entrada Sandstone case study at the Utah-Arizona border." Sedimentology 65, no. 4 (2017): 1301–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sed.12422.

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16

Hunt, Adrian P., and Martin G. Lockley. "A nonmarine tetrapod from the Middle Jurassic of the United States: a primitive crocodyliform from the Entrada Sandstone of eastern Utah." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15, no. 3 (1995): 554–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724634.1995.10011248.

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17

Zuchuat, Valentin, Ivar Midtkandal, Miquel Poyatos-Moré, et al. "Composite and diachronous stratigraphic surfaces in low-gradient, transitional settings: The J-3 “unconformity” and the Curtis Formation, east-central Utah, U.S.A." Journal of Sedimentary Research 89, no. 11 (2019): 1075–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2019.56.

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ABSTRACT Unconformities, by definition, correspond to erosional or nondepositional surfaces, which separate older strata below, from younger rocks above, encapsulating significant time gaps. However, recent studies have highlighted the composite nature of some unconformities, as well as their heterochronous and diachronous character, which challenge the use of such a definition in a four-dimensional dynamic environment. The J-3 Unconformity, separating the Middle Jurassic Entrada Sandstone from the Upper Jurassic Curtis Formation (and laterally equivalent units) in east-central Utah (USA), is laterally variable, generated by either erosion-related processes such as eolian deflation, and water-induced erosion, or by deformational processes. The J-3 Unconformity is a composite surface, formed by numerous processes that interacted and overlapped spatially and temporally. This study therefore demonstrates the heterochronous, diachronous, and non-unique nature of this surface interpreted as unconformity, where one process can be represented by varying expressions in the stratigraphic record, and conversely many processes may result in the same stratigraphic expression.

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18

Zuchuat, Valentin, Arve Sleveland, Douglas Sprinkel, Algirdas Rimkus, Alvar Braathen, and Ivar Midtkandal. "New Insights on the Impact of Tidal Currents on a Low-gradient, Semi-enclosed, Epicontinental Basin—the Curtis Formation, East-central Utah, USA." Geology of the Intermountain West 5 (July 31, 2018): 131–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31711/giw.v5.pp131-165.

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Based on a methodic sedimentological analysis, the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) Curtis Formation unravels the intricate facies variability which occurs in a tide-dominated, fluvially starved, low-gradient, semi-enclosed epicontinental basin. This unit crops out in east-central Utah, between the eolian deposits of the underlying Middle Jurassic (Callovian) Entrada Sandstone, from which it is separated by the J-3 unconformity, and the conformable overlying supratidal Summerville Formation of Oxfordian age. A high-resolution sedimentary analysis of the succession led to the recognition of eight facies associations (FA) with six sub-facies associations. Based on the specific three-dimensional arrangement of these eight facies associations, it is proposed to separate the Curtis Formation into three sub-units: the lower, middle and upper Curtis. The J-3 unconformity defines the base of the lower Curtis, which consists of upper shoreface to beach deposits (FA 2), mud-dominated (FA 3a) and sand-dominated heterolithic subtidal flat (FA 3b), sand-rich sub- to supratidal flat (FA 4a) and correlative tidal channel infill (FA 4c). It is capped by the middle Curtis, which coincides with the sub- to intertidal channel-dune-flat complex of FA 5, and its lower boundary corresponds to a transgressive surface of regional extent, identified as the Major Transgressive Surface (MTS). This surface suggests a potential correlation between the middle and the upper Curtis and the neighboring Todilto Member of the Wanakah Formation or Todilto Formation. The upper Curtis consists of the heterolithic upper sub- to intertidal flat (FA 6) and coastal dry eolian dunes belonging to the Moab Member of the Curtis Formation (FA 7), and it conformably overlies the middle Curtis.

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19

Zuchuat, Valentin, Arve R. N. Sleveland, Douglas A. Sprinkel, Algirdas Rimkus, Alvar Braathen, and Ivar Midtkandal. "New Insights on the Impact of Tidal Currents on a Low-gradient, Semi-enclosed, Epicontinental Basin—the Curtis Formation, East-central Utah, USA." Geology of the Intermountain West 5 (July 31, 2018): 131–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31711/giw.v5i0.24.

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Based on a methodic sedimentological analysis, the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) Curtis Formation unravels the intricate facies variability which occurs in a tide-dominated, fluvially starved, low-gradient, semi-enclosed epicontinental basin. This unit crops out in east-central Utah, between the eolian deposits of the underlying Middle Jurassic (Callovian) Entrada Sandstone, from which it is separated by the J-3 unconformity, and the conformable overlying supratidal Summerville Formation of Oxfordian age. A high-resolution sedimentary analysis of the succession led to the recognition of eight facies associations (FA) with six sub-facies associations. Based on the specific three-dimensional arrangement of these eight facies associations, it is proposed to separate the Curtis Formation into three sub-units: the lower, middle and upper Curtis. The J-3 unconformity defines the base of the lower Curtis, which consists of upper shoreface to beach deposits (FA 2), mud-dominated (FA 3a) and sand-dominated heterolithic subtidal flat (FA 3b), sand-rich sub- to supratidal flat (FA 4a) and correlative tidal channel infill (FA 4c). It is capped by the middle Curtis, which coincides with the sub- to intertidal channel-dune-flat complex of FA 5, and its lower boundary corresponds to a transgressive surface of regional extent, identified as the Major Transgressive Surface (MTS). This surface suggests a potential correlation between the middle and the upper Curtis and the neighboring Todilto Member of the Wanakah Formation or Todilto Formation. The upper Curtis consists of the heterolithic upper sub- to intertidal flat (FA 6) and coastal dry eolian dunes belonging to the Moab Member of the Curtis Formation (FA 7), and it conformably overlies the middle Curtis. The spatial distribution of these sub-units supports the distinction of three different sectors across the study area: sector 1 in the north, sector 2 in the south-southwest, and sector 3 in the east. In sector 1, the Curtis Formation is represented by its three sub-units, whereas sector 2 is dominated by the middle and upper Curtis, and sector 3 encompasses the extent of the Moab Member of the Curtis Formation. This study also highlights the composite nature of the J-3 unconformity, which was impacted by various processes occurring before the Curtis Formation was deposited, as well as during the development of the lower and middle Curtis. Local collapse features within the lower and middle Curtis are linked to sand fluid overpressure within a remobilized sandy substratum, potentially triggered by seismic activity. Furthermore, the occurrence of a sub-regional angular relationship between the middle Curtis and substratum implies that the area of study was impacted by a regional deformational event during the Late Jurassic, before the deposition of the middle Curtis. The spatial distribution of these sub-units supports the distinction of three different sectors across the study area: sector 1 in the north, sector 2 in the south-southwest, and sector 3 in the east. In sector 1, the Curtis Formation is represented by its three sub-units, whereas sector 2 is dominated by the middle and upper Curtis, and sector 3 encompasses the extent of the Moab Member of the Curtis Formation. This study also highlights the composite nature of the J-3 unconformity, which was impacted by various processes occurring before the Curtis Formation was deposited, as well as during the development of the lower and middle Curtis. Local collapse features within the lower and middle Curtis are linked to sand fluid overpressure within a remobilized sandy substratum, potentially triggered by seismic activity. Furthermore, the occurrence of a sub-regional angular relationship between the middle Curtis and substratum implies that the area of study was impacted by a regional deformational event during the Late Jurassic, before the deposition of the middle Curtis.

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20

Ejembi, John I., Sally L. Potter-McIntyre, Glenn R. Sharman, et al. "Detrital zircon geochronology and provenance of the Middle to Late Jurassic Paradox Basin and Central Colorado trough: Paleogeographic implications for southwestern Laurentia." Geosphere, July 21, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02264.1.

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Middle to Upper Jurassic strata in the Paradox Basin and Central Colorado trough (CCT; southwestern United States) record a pronounced change in sediment dispersal from dominantly aeolian deposition with an Appalachian source (Entrada Sandstone) to dominantly fluvial deposition with a source in the Mogollon and/or Sevier orogenic highlands (Salt Wash Member of the Morrison Formation). An enigmatic abundance of Cambrian (ca. 527–519 Ma) grains at this provenance transition in the CCT at Escalante Canyon, Colorado, was recently suggested to reflect a local sediment source from the Ancestral Front Range, despite previous interpretations that local basement uplifts were largely buried by Middle to Late Jurassic time. This study aims to delineate spatial and temporal patterns in provenance of these Jurassic sandstones containing Cambrian grains within the Paradox Basin and CCT using sandstone petrography, detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology, and detrital zircon trace elemental and rare-earth elemental (REE) geochemistry. We report 7887 new U-Pb detrital zircon analyses from 31 sandstone samples collected within seven transects in western Colorado and eastern Utah. Three clusters of zircon ages are consistently present (1.53–1.3 Ga, 1.3–0.9 Ga, and 500–300 Ma) that are interpreted to reflect sources associated with the Appalachian orogen in southeastern Laurentia (mid-continent, Grenville, Appalachian, and peri-Gondwanan terranes). Ca. 540–500 Ma zircon grains are anomalously abundant locally in the uppermost Entrada Sandstone and Wanakah Formation but are either lacking or present in small fractions in the overlying Salt Wash and Tidwell Members of the Morrison Formation. A comparison of zircon REE geochemistry between Cambrian detrital zircon and igneous zircon from potential sources shows that these 540–500 Ma detrital zircon are primarily magmatic. Although variability in both detrital and igneous REE concentrations precludes definitive identification of provenance, several considerations suggest that distal sources from the Cambrian granitic and rhyolitic provinces of the Southern Oklahoma aulacogen is also likely, in addition to a proximal source identified in the McClure Mountain syenite of the Wet Mountains, Colorado. The abundance of Cambrian grains in samples from the central CCT, particularly in the Entrada Sandstone and Wanakah Formation, suggests northwesterly sediment transport within the CCT, with sediment sourced from Ancestral Rocky Mountains uplifts of the southern Wet Mountains and/or Amarillo-Wichita Mountains in southwestern Oklahoma. The lack of Cambrian grains within the Paradox Basin suggests that the Uncompahgre uplift (southwestern Colorado) acted as a barrier to sediment transport from the CCT.

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21

Hukmu Orhan. "Diagenesis of Entrada Sandstone in Ghost Ranch Area, New Mexico: ABSTRACT." AAPG Bulletin 72 (1988). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/703c9271-1707-11d7-8645000102c1865d.

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22

GUSCOTT, S.C., I. R. GARDEN, . "Iron Oxide Reduction as Evidence for Hydrocarbon Migration through the Entrada Sandstone of the Moab Anticline, Utah : ABSTRACTS." AAPG Bulletin 81 (1997) (1997). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/3b05d0cc-172a-11d7-8645000102c1865d.

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