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1

Mussen, Timothy D., Oliver Patton, Dennis Cocherell, et al. "Can behavioral fish-guidance devices protect juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from entrainment into unscreened water-diversion pipes?" Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 71, no. 8 (2014): 1209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0601.

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Entrainment through water-diversion structures is a major passage challenge for fishes in watersheds worldwide. Behavioral guidance devices may be effective in passing fish by diversion inlets, thereby decreasing entrainment without reducing water-diversion rates, but data on their effectiveness is limited. In California’s central valley, out-migrating Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) are a species at risk for entrainment through unscreened, small-scale water-diversion pipes. Therefore, we tested entrainment susceptibility and behavior of juvenile Chinook salmon in a large-river-simul
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2

MATSUO, HIROSHI. "Entrainment." Japanese Journal of Electrocardiology 5, no. 1 (1985): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5105/jse.5.3.

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3

AlObaidi, Khaldoon, and Manousos Valyrakis. "Coherent Flow Structures Linked to the Impulse Criterion for Incipient Motion of Coarse Sediment." Applied Sciences 13, no. 19 (2023): 10656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app131910656.

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Incipient motion has been a topic of investigation by researchers, engineers and scientists for more than a century. The main approach for studying sediment entrainment has been the static approach that uses temporal and spatial averaged flow parameters like bed shear stress and stream power to link them indirectly to sediment entrainment. Recent research outputs have shed light on the important role of turbulent fluctuations in the sediment transport process. It is suggested that the approach of using temporal and spatial averaged parameters fails to account for the dynamic and probabilistic
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4

Conzemius, Robert J., and Evgeni Fedorovich. "Dynamics of Sheared Convective Boundary Layer Entrainment. Part II: Evaluation of Bulk Model Predictions of Entrainment Flux." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 63, no. 4 (2006): 1179–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3696.1.

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Abstract Several bulk model–based entrainment parameterizations for the atmospheric convective boundary layer (CBL) with wind shear are reviewed and tested against large-eddy simulation (LES) data to evaluate their ability to model one of the basic integral parameters of convective entrainment—the entrainment flux ratio. Test results indicate that many of these parameterizations fail to correctly reproduce entrainment flux in the presence of strong shear because they underestimate the dissipation of turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) produced by shear in the entrainment zone. It is also found tha
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5

Rahimi, Zahra, and Diane Litman. "Entrainment2Vec: Embedding Entrainment for Multi-Party Dialogues." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 05 (2020): 8681–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i05.6393.

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Entrainment is the propensity of speakers to begin behaving like one another in conversation. While most entrainment studies have focused on dyadic interactions, researchers have also started to investigate multi-party conversations. In these studies, multi-party entrainment has typically been estimated by averaging the pairs' entrainment values or by averaging individuals' entrainment to the group. While such multi-party measures utilize the strength of dyadic entrainment, they have not yet exploited different aspects of the dynamics of entrainment relations in multi-party groups. In this pap
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6

Campbell, J. "Entrainment defects." Materials Science and Technology 22, no. 2 (2006): 127–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174328406x74248.

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7

Diekman, Casey O., and Amitabha Bose. "Entrainment Maps." Journal of Biological Rhythms 31, no. 6 (2016): 598–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748730416662965.

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Circadian oscillators found across a variety of species are subject to periodic external light-dark forcing. Entrainment to light-dark cycles enables the circadian system to align biological functions with appropriate times of day or night. Phase response curves (PRCs) have been used for decades to gain valuable insights into entrainment; however, PRCs may not accurately describe entrainment to photoperiods with substantial amounts of both light and dark due to their reliance on a single limit cycle attractor. We have developed a new tool, called an entrainment map, that overcomes this limitat
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8

Ray, L. B. "Variable Entrainment." Science Signaling 4, no. 189 (2011): ec248-ec248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.4189ec248.

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9

Dempsey, C. H. "Ichthyoplankton entrainment." Journal of Fish Biology 33, sa (1988): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1988.tb05563.x.

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10

Kumar, Saurabh, Usha B. Tedrow, and William G. Stevenson. "Entrainment Mapping." Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics 9, no. 1 (2017): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccep.2016.10.004.

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11

Escobar, C., M. Angeles Castellanos, A. S. Blancas, and R. M. Buijs. "Differential mechanisms underlying food-entrainment versus chocolate-entrainment." Appetite 54, no. 3 (2010): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2010.04.065.

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12

Han, Huawei, and Kamiel Gabriel. "A Numerical Study of Entrainment Mechanism in Axisymmetric Annular Gas-Liquid Flow." Journal of Fluids Engineering 129, no. 3 (2006): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2427078.

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The main purpose of this study is to investigate liquid entrainment mechanisms of annular flow by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques. In the modeling, a transient renormalization group (RNG) k-ε model in conjunction with an enhanced wall treatment method was employed. In order to reconstruct the two-phase interface, the volume of fluid (VOF) geometric reconstruction scheme was adopted. Simulation results indicated that disturbance waves were generated first on the two-phase interface and that their evolution eventually resulted in the liquid entrainment phenomena. The most significa
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13

de Lozar, Alberto, and Juan Pedro Mellado. "Reduction of the Entrainment Velocity by Cloud Droplet Sedimentation in Stratocumulus." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 74, no. 3 (2017): 751–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-16-0196.1.

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Abstract The effect of sedimentation on stratocumulus entrainment is investigated using direct numerical simulations of a cloud-top mixing layer driven by radiative and evaporative cooling. The simulations focus on the meter and submeter scales that are expected to be relevant for entrainment, and the finest grid spacing is Δx = 26 cm. The entrainment velocity is investigated from the analysis of the integrated-buoyancy evolution equation, which is exactly derived from the flow evolution equations. The analysis shows that sedimentation interacts with entrainment through two different mechanism
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14

Xia, Zhihua. "A Study of Prosodic Entrainment and Social Factors in Mandarin Conversations." World Journal of Social Science Research 11, no. 1 (2023): p42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjssr.v11n1p42.

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In conversations, interlocutors usually adopt prosody to that of their partner, and they become similar in prosodic production for successful communication. This phenomenon of prosodic entrainment is related to complex factors. This study aims to explore the relationship between prosodic entrainment and social factors. Two analyses are accomplished: the analysis of prosodic entrainment and gender, and the analysis of prosodic entrainment and role. In terms of prosodic entrainment and gender, it is found that the most prosodic features are entrained in female-male conversations, and the least i
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15

Putra, Ryan Anugrah, and Dirk Lucas. "Modeling of the Free-Surface Vortex-Driven Bubble Entrainment into Water." Water 12, no. 3 (2020): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12030709.

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The recently developed GENTOP (Generalized Two Phase Flow) concept, which is based on the multifield Euler‒Euler approach, was applied to model a free-surface vortex—a flow situation that is relevant for hydraulic intake. A new bubble entrainment model has been developed and implemented in the concept. In general, satisfactory agreement with the experimental data can be achieved. However, the gas entrainment can be significantly affected by several parameters or models used in the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation. The scale of curvature correction C s c a l e in the turbulence mod
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16

Cross, Liam, Martine Turgeon, and Gray Atherton. "How Moving Together Binds Us Together: The Social Consequences of Interpersonal Entrainment and Group Processes." Open Psychology 1, no. 1 (2019): 273–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/psych-2018-0018.

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AbstractInterpersonal entrainment has been shown to have a wide variety of social consequences which span far beyond those that could be considered purely pro-social. This work reviews all of the social effects of entrainment and the various explanations for them. The group formation framework emerges as a parsimonious account claiming that as we entrain our sense of self is temporarily diluted as an interdependent identity becomes more salient, thus leading to a range of social and psychological consequences which are pro-group. The sense of belonging arising from moving together is conducive
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17

Hannah, Walter M. "Entrainment versus Dilution in Tropical Deep Convection." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 74, no. 11 (2017): 3725–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-16-0169.1.

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Abstract The distinction between entrainment and dilution is investigated with cloud-resolving simulations of deep convection in a tropical environment. A method for estimating the rate of dilution by entrainment and detrainment is presented and calculated for a series of bubble simulations with a range of initial radii. Entrainment generally corresponds to dilution of convection, but the two quantities are not well correlated. Core dilution by entrainment is significantly reduced by the presence of a shell of moist air around the core. Dilution by entrainment also increases with increasing up
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18

Wagner, Timothy J., David D. Turner, Larry K. Berg, and Steven K. Krueger. "Ground-Based Remote Retrievals of Cumulus Entrainment Rates." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 30, no. 7 (2013): 1460–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-12-00187.1.

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Abstract While fractional entrainment rates for cumulus clouds have typically been derived from airborne observations, this limits the size and scope of available datasets. To increase the number of continental cumulus entrainment rate observations available for study, an algorithm for retrieving them from ground-based remote sensing observations has been developed. This algorithm, called the Entrainment Rate In Cumulus Algorithm (ERICA), uses the suite of instruments at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) site of the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) Clim
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19

Kim, Jin Hyun, Andres Reifgerst, and Marta Rizzonelli. "Musical Social Entrainment." Music & Science 2 (January 1, 2019): 205920431984899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059204319848991.

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Over the last decade, the concept of entrainment—emerging from the fields of physics and biology—has grown as a tool for investigating rhythmic adjustments among musicians, and between different groups of musicians. When combined with methods of audio data analysis, this approach has benefits for the assessment of musical behavior, previously limited to largely descriptive ethnomusicological research based on ethnographic data collected through field study. However, musical behavior is not only biophysically determined, but also a highly social activity. Therefore, this article focuses on “soc
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20

Simon, Peggy M., Alfred M. Habel, J. Andrew Daubenspeck, and J. C. Leiter. "Vagal feedback in the entrainment of respiration to mechanical ventilation in sleeping humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 89, no. 2 (2000): 760–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2000.89.2.760.

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We studied the capacity of four “normal” and six lung transplant subjects to entrain neural respiratory activity to mechanical ventilation. Two transplant subjects were studied during wakefulness and demonstrated entrainment indistinguishable from that of normal awake subjects. We studied four normal subjects and four lung transplant subjects during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Normal subjects entrained to mechanical ventilation over a range of ventilator frequencies that were within ±3–5 breaths of the spontaneous respiratory rate of each subject. After lung transplantation, during wh
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21

Borrie, Stephanie A., Tyson S. Barrett, Julie M. Liss, and Visar Berisha. "Sync Pending: Characterizing Conversational Entrainment in Dysarthria Using a Multidimensional, Clinically Informed Approach." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no. 1 (2020): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_jslhr-19-00194.

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Purpose Despite the import of conversational entrainment to successful spoken dialogue, the systematic characterization of this behavioral syncing phenomenon represents a critical gap in the field of speech pathology. The goal of this study was to acoustically characterize conversational entrainment in the context of dysarthria using a multidimensional approach previously validated in healthy populations (healthy conversations; Borrie, Barrett, Willi, & Berisha, 2019 ). Method A large corpus of goal-oriented conversations between participants with dysarthria and healthy participants (disor
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22

Bastic, Julijana. "Applying the concept of musical social entrainment in researching tambura practice in Serbia." Muzikologija, no. 32 (2022): 245–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/muz2232245b.

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Entrainment in music refers to the interaction and synchronization of two or more rhythmic processes. The first part of this paper presents entrainment the?ory in ethnomusicology as a methodology for interdisciplinary research into musical, social, and cultural phenomena. The second part of the paper concerns the application of the concept of musical social entrainment in the example of tambura practice. Because tambura players display mutual entrainment through various behaviors during playing and social interaction, applying entrainment theory entails an analytical segmentation of the social
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23

Incropera, F. P., C. E. Lents, and R. Viskanta. "Gradient Layer Entrainment in a Thermohaline System With Mixed Layer Circulation." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 108, no. 4 (1986): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3268105.

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Entrainment of salt-stratified fluid into a bottom mixed layer is investigated under conditions for which mixing is driven by bottom heating and/or an imposed horizontal flow. Entrainment rate measurements and mixed layer flow visualization suggest that entrainment is strongly influenced by a shear mechanism involving both horizontal and vertical fluid velocity components. Under certain conditions, imposition of the horizontal flow inhibits the buoyancy flow and entrainment rates for combined mixing are less than those for pure buoyant mixing. Attempts to correlate entrainment rates in terms o
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24

Hasager, C. B., J. Carstensen, T. Ellermann, et al. "On extreme atmospheric and marine nitrogen fluxes and chlorophyll-a levels in the Kattegat Strait." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 3, no. 2 (2003): 1651–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-3-1651-2003.

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Abstract. A retrospective analysis is carried out to investigate the importance of the vertical fluxes of nitrogen to the marine sea surface layer in which high chlorophyll a levels may cause blooms of harmful algae and subsequent turn over and oxygen depletion at the bottom of the sea. Typically nitrogen is the limiting factor for phytoplankton in the Kattegat Strait during summer periods (May to August) and the major nitrogen inputs come from the atmosphere and deep-water entrainment. The extreme reoccurence values of nitrogen from atmospheric wet and dry deposition and deep-water flux entra
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Hasager, C. B., J. Carstensen, T. Ellermann, et al. "On extreme atmospheric and marine nitrogen fluxes and chlorophyll-a levels in the Kattegat Strait." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 3, no. 3 (2003): 797–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-797-2003.

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Abstract. A retrospective analysis is carried out to investigate the importance of the vertical fluxes of nitrogen to the marine sea surface layer in which high chlorophyll a levels may cause blooms of harmful algae and subsequent turn over and oxygen depletion at the bottom of the sea. Typically nitrogen is the limiting factor for phytoplankton in the Kattegat Strait during summer periods (May to August) and the major nitrogen inputs come from the atmosphere and deep-water entrainment. The extreme reoccurrence values of nitrogen from atmospheric wet and dry deposition and deep-water flux entr
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Khan, Emel, Soheil Saghafi, Casey O. Diekman, and Horacio G. Rotstein. "The emergence of polyglot entrainment responses to periodic inputs in vicinities of Hopf bifurcations in slow-fast systems." Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 32, no. 6 (2022): 063137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0079198.

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Several distinct entrainment patterns can occur in the FitzHugh–Nagumo (FHN) model under external periodic forcing. Investigating the FHN model under different types of periodic forcing reveals the existence of multiple disconnected 1:1 entrainment segments for constant, low enough values of the input amplitude when the unforced system is in the vicinity of a Hopf bifurcation. This entrainment structure is termed polyglot to distinguish it from the single 1:1 entrainment region ( monoglot) structure typically observed in Arnold tongue diagrams. The emergence of polyglot entrainment is then exp
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27

Borrie, Stephanie A., Tyson S. Barrett, Megan M. Willi, and Visar Berisha. "Syncing Up for a Good Conversation: A Clinically Meaningful Methodology for Capturing Conversational Entrainment in the Speech Domain." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 62, no. 2 (2019): 283–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_jslhr-s-18-0210.

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Purpose Conversational entrainment, the phenomenon whereby communication partners synchronize their behavior, is considered essential for productive and fulfilling conversation. Lack of entrainment could, therefore, negatively impact conversational success. Although studied in many disciplines, entrainment has received limited attention in the field of speech-language pathology, where its implications may have direct clinical relevance. Method A novel computational methodology, informed by expert clinical assessment of conversation, was developed to investigate conversational entrainment acros
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28

Baniamerian, Z., and C. Aghanajafi. "Simulation of Entrainment Mass Transfer in Annular Two-Phase Flow Using the Physical Concept." Journal of Mechanics 26, no. 3 (2010): 385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1727719100003944.

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AbstractMost of two-phase heat transfer analysis involve estimation of dry-out phenomenon in order to find whether it takes place and if so, at what location in the tube it will happen. Dry-out phenomenon considerably reduces heat transfer rate and it should be avoided as far as possible. Entrainment highly affects dry-out occurrence chance and location. Therefore a great attention should be paid on simulation of entrainment in order to have a good estimation of heat transfer and to safely design thermal systems.Although there are many models available for simulation of entrainment phenomenon,
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29

Magrini, K. L. L., C. Sarica, A. Al-Sarkhi, and H. Q. Q. Zhang. "Liquid Entrainment in Annular Gas/Liquid Flow in Inclined Pipes." SPE Journal 17, no. 02 (2012): 617–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/134765-pa.

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Summary Entrainment fraction is one of the key parameters in many applications, including wellbore and flowline design, separator design, wellbore loading, and corrosion inhibition. This study provides the first comprehensive entrainment data and their critical analysis for a full range of inclination angles ranging from horizontal to vertical in 76.2-mm-internal-diameter (ID) pipes. Experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of pipe inclination on entrainment fraction in air/water annular flow with inclination angles of 0, 10, 20, 45, 60, 75, and 90° from horizontal. Two techniques
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30

Albrecht, Bruce, Ming Fang, and Virendra Ghate. "Exploring Stratocumulus Cloud-Top Entrainment Processes and Parameterizations by Using Doppler Cloud Radar Observations." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 73, no. 2 (2016): 729–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-15-0147.1.

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Abstract Observations made at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program’s Southern Great Plains (SGP) site during uniform nonprecipitating stratocumulus cloud conditions for a 14-h period are used to examine cloud-top entrainment processes and parameterizations. The observations from a vertically pointing Doppler cloud radar provide estimates of vertical velocity variance and energy dissipation rate (EDR) terms in the parameterized turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) budget of the entrainment zone. Hourly averages of the vertical velocity variance term in the TKE entrainment formulation c
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31

Aleixo, Rui, Federica Antico, Ana M. Ricardo, and Rui M. L. Ferreira. "Kinematics of Particles at Entrainment and Disentrainment." Water 12, no. 8 (2020): 2110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12082110.

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We address the issue of characterizing experimentally entrainment and disentrainment of sediment particles of cohesionless granular beds in turbulent open channel flows. Employing Particle Image Velocimetry, we identify episodes of entrainment and of disentrainment of bed particles by analysing the raw PIV images. We define a reference velocity for entrainment or disentrainment by space-averaging the flow field in the vicinity of the (entrained or disentrainned) particle and by time-averaging that space-average over a short duration encompassing the observed episode. All observations and measu
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Mandharam, Vadivelu R., and Yash Y. Lokhandwala. "Last Entrainment Sequence." JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology 8, no. 10 (2022): 1301–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacep.2022.08.020.

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Letiche, Hugo, and Rouven E. Hagemeijer. "Linkages and entrainment." Journal of Organizational Change Management 17, no. 4 (2004): 365–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09534810410545128.

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Roenneberg, Till, Roelof Hut, Serge Daan, and Martha Merrow. "Entrainment Concepts Revisited." Journal of Biological Rhythms 25, no. 5 (2010): 329–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748730410379082.

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Dell’Anna, Alessandro, Carlotta Fossataro, Dalila Burin, et al. "Entrainment beyond embodiment." Neuropsychologia 119 (October 2018): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.08.017.

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Akhmet, M. U., and M. O. Fen. "Entrainment by Chaos." Journal of Nonlinear Science 24, no. 3 (2014): 411–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00332-014-9194-9.

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Otero, Monica, Caroline Lea-Carnall, Felipe Torres, Alejandro Weinstein, Joana Cabral, and Wael El-Deredy. "MODELLING NEURAL ENTRAINMENT." IBRO Neuroscience Reports 15 (October 2023): S793. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.08.1636.

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TAMAI, Nobuyuki. "UNIFICATION OF ENTRAINMENT CONCEPT AND FORMULAE OF THE ENTRAINMENT COEFFICIENT." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, no. 381 (1987): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1987.381_1.

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Qiu, Yangshuai, Zhenfei Mao, Kangkang Sun, et al. "Understanding the Entrainment Behavior of Gangue Minerals in Flake Graphite Flotation." Minerals 12, no. 9 (2022): 1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12091068.

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Flotation is one of the most used methods to upgrade natural graphite resources. However, the efficiency is usually decreased due to the entrainment of undesirable fine gangue minerals. In this work, the impact of different factors such as particle size, pulp density, and flotation reagent on the entrainment of mica and quartz in a flake graphite flotation was studied. The single gangue mineral flotation results showed increased gangue entrainment when reducing the particle size of gangue minerals and increasing the pulp density. Moreover, the flotation of artificial mixtures indicated enhance
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Conzemius, Robert J., and Evgeni Fedorovich. "Dynamics of Sheared Convective Boundary Layer Entrainment. Part I: Methodological Background and Large-Eddy Simulations." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 63, no. 4 (2006): 1151–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3691.1.

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Abstract The reported study examines the dynamics of entrainment and its effects on the evolution of the dry atmospheric convective boundary layer (CBL) when wind shear is present. The sheared CBL can be studied by means of direct measurements in the atmosphere, laboratory studies, and numerical techniques. The advantages and disadvantages of each technique are discussed in the present paper, which also describes the methodological background for studying the dynamics of entrainment in sheared CBLs. For the reported study, large-eddy simulation (LES) was chosen as the primary method of convect
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Lai, Yong G. "Flow Characteristics at a River Diversion Juncture and Implications for Juvenile Salmon Entrainment." Fluids 7, no. 3 (2022): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids7030098.

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Flow structures at a river diversion juncture are complex and have been studied extensively. Their impact on the juvenile salmon entrainment into the side channel, however, is less investigated, and based mostly on empiricism. In this study, a Eulerian fish tracking model is developed and used in conjunction with a 3D flow solver to quantitatively evaluate the implications of complex flow characteristics at typical junctures on fish entrainment. First, the flow model is validated with the available experimental data, key flow structures are examined using the results, and their implications fo
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Wiesman, Alex I., Boman R. Groff, and Tony W. Wilson. "Frontoparietal Networks Mediate the Behavioral Impact of Alpha Inhibition in Visual Cortex." Cerebral Cortex 29, no. 8 (2018): 3505–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhy220.

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Abstract Alpha oscillations are known to play a central role in the functional inhibition of visual cortices, but the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. One noninvasive method for modulating alpha activity experimentally is through the use of flickering visual stimuli that “entrain” visual cortices. Such alpha entrainment has been found to compromise visual perception and affect widespread cortical regions, but it remains unclear how the interference occurs and whether the widespread activity induced by alpha entrainment reflects a compensatory mechanism to mitigate the entrainment, or
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Frank, F., B. W. McArdell, C. Huggel, and A. Vieli. "The importance of entrainment and bulking on debris flow runout modeling: examples from the Swiss Alps." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 11 (2015): 2569–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-2569-2015.

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Abstract. This study describes an investigation of channel-bed entrainment of sediment by debris flows. An entrainment model, developed using field data from debris flows at the Illgraben catchment, Switzerland, was incorporated into the existing RAMMS debris-flow model, which solves the 2-D shallow-water equations for granular flows. In the entrainment model, an empirical relationship between maximum shear stress and measured erosion is used to determine the maximum potential erosion depth. Additionally, the average rate of erosion, measured at the same field site, is used to constrain the er
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Fan, Yun Yun, Li Liang, En Zhi Wang, and Si Jing Wang. "Analysis on the Influence of Debris Flow Entrainment of Path Material." Advanced Materials Research 261-263 (May 2011): 1124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.261-263.1124.

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Debris flow has a very strong destructive power which can cause a great loss of human lives and belongings, so for the purpose of a better disaster prevention and reduction, it is necessary to strengthen the knowledge about the characteristics and regulations of the motion process of debris flow. In order to analyze debris flow entrainment of path material and the influence of the distribution of entrainment zone on the dynamic process of debris flow, the numerical simulation of debris flow dynamic process of different entrainment zones is achieved by combining the theory of SH granular flow a
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Bonilha, Leonardo, Argye E. Hillis, Janina Wilmskoetter, et al. "Neural structures supporting spontaneous and assisted (entrained) speech fluency." Brain 142, no. 12 (2019): 3951–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awz309.

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Abstract Non-fluent speech is one of the most common impairments in post-stroke aphasia. The rehabilitation of non-fluent speech in aphasia is particularly challenging as patients are rarely able to produce and practice fluent speech production. Speech entrainment is a behavioural technique that enables patients with non-fluent aphasia to speak fluently. However, its mechanisms are not well understood and the level of improved fluency with speech entrainment varies among individuals with non-fluent aphasia. In this study, we evaluated the behavioural and neuroanatomical factors associated with
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Copeland, Jonathan, and Andrew Moiseff. "Flash Activity in Two Synchronic Firefly Species (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)." Journal of Entomological Science 39, no. 2 (2004): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-39.2.151.

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Synchronic flashing in fireflies is a precisely timed behavior. This is a potentially useful tool to study sensory processing, the location and circuitry of the flash oscillator, and neuroeffector processing and coupling. Synchronic flashing, once thought to occur only in Southeast Asian fireflies, has recently been shown to be a prominent part of the behavior of a North American Photinus and Photuris species. To gain insights into the mechanisms of synchronic timing in fireflies, we compared spontaneous flashing and entrainment flashing in Photuris frontalis LeConte, a synchronic firefly foun
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Labbé, Carolina, and Didier Grandjean. "Musical Emotions Predicted by Feelings of Entrainment." Music Perception 32, no. 2 (2014): 170–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2014.32.2.170.

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In our study, two groups of participants (n = 61 and n = 58) listened to nine pieces for solo violin and rated how they felt along an affect dimension and along the nine Geneva Emotional Music Scale dimensions. After each piece, they completed a 12-item questionnaire corresponding to subjective entrainment reports. A factorial analysis of this Musical Entrainment Questionnaire revealed a two-factor solution, with Visceral Entrainment (VE) corresponding to sensations of internal bodily entrainment and Motor Entrainment (ME) reflecting participants’ inclination to move to the beat. These finding
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Sahany, Sandeep, J. David Neelin, Katrina Hales, and Richard B. Neale. "Temperature–Moisture Dependence of the Deep Convective Transition as a Constraint on Entrainment in Climate Models." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 4 (2012): 1340–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-0164.1.

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Abstract Properties of the transition to strong deep convection, as previously observed in satellite precipitation statistics, are analyzed using parcel stability computations and a convective plume velocity equation. A set of alternative entrainment assumptions yields very different characteristics of the deep convection onset boundary (here measured by conditional instability and plume vertical velocity) in a bulk temperature–water vapor thermodynamic plane. In observations the threshold value of column water vapor above which there is a rapid increase in precipitation, referred to as the cr
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Peatman, Simon C., John Methven, and Steven J. Woolnough. "Isolating the Effects of Moisture Entrainment on Convectively Coupled Equatorial Waves in an Aquaplanet GCM." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 75, no. 9 (2018): 3139–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-18-0098.1.

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Abstract The rate of humidity entrainment in the convective parameterization scheme in a general circulation model affects the simulation of convectively coupled waves. However, it is unclear whether this is caused directly by the effects of entrainment on waves or indirectly through associated impacts such as on the basic state. Therefore, using an aquaplanet model, we employ a novel framework in which we entrain a weighted average of the resolved humidity field and a prescribed zonally symmetric field, with the weighting controlled by a decoupling parameter. Hence, we can vary the entrainmen
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Chiesa, Juan J., Montserrat Anglès-Pujolràs, Antoni Díez-Noguera, and Trinitat Cambras. "Activity rhythm of golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) can be entrained to a 19-h light-dark cycle." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 289, no. 4 (2005): R998—R1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00139.2005.

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Both temporary access to a running wheel and temporary exposure to light systematically influence the phase producing entrainment of the circadian activity rhythm in the golden hamster ( Mesocricetus auratus). However, precise determination of entrainment limits remains methodologically difficult, because such calculations may be influenced by varying experimental paradigms. In this study, effects on the entrainment of the activity pattern during successive light-dark (LD) cycles of stepwise decreasing periods, as well as wheel running activity, were investigated. In particular, the hamster ac
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