Dissertations / Theses: 'Entrepreneur'

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Clarke, Jo-Anne M. "The integrative entrepreneur| A lifeworld study of women sustainability entrepreneurs." Thesis, Fielding Graduate University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3700410.

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In response to social and environmental concerns, a new type of entrepreneur has recently entered the research literature on sustainable development in business (Hall, Daneke, & Lenox, 2010). Sustainability entrepreneurs are guided by a strong set of values that place environmental and social well-being before materialistic growth (Abrahamsson, 2007; Choi & Gray, 2008; Parrish & Foxon, 2009; Schaltegger & Wagner, 2011; Young & Tilley, 2006). For them, business success is about maintaining financial stability, while enhancing community and improving the health of our planet. This is reflected in their business design, processes, and work culture. Sustainability entrepreneurs are committed to making business decisions that reduce their carbon footprint, promote local or fair trade, support employee wellness, and give back to the community. This social phenomenological study explores the lifeworld structures of six women in Calgary who are running small businesses based on sustainability principles. Drawing on the work of Alfred Schütz (1967, 1970a, 1970b; Schütz & Luckmann, 1973), it examines their typifications, stocks of knowledge, and motives, as well as notions of intersubjectivity and spatiality or lived space. From the findings, three Schützian puppets or personal ideal types are constructed to personify values of community, quality, connection, and environmental preservation. Ms. A.L.L. Green, Ms. Carin Relationships, and Ms. I.N. Tentional characterize aspects of the female sustainability entrepreneur that were identified by participants as central to their motives and actions. Together, they form a new general ideal type called the integrative entrepreneur. The integrative entrepreneur personifies the unique contributions of the women interviewed, and extends our understanding of sustainability entrepreneurship in meaningful ways.

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Beattie, Robert. "The creative entrepreneur : a study of the entrepreneur's creative processes." Thesis, Abertay University, 1999. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/9dfc2bf2-fb0e-4609-9c13-a35fce053cbc.

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The aim of the research was to increase the understanding of how the entrepreneur’s process of creativity began and evolved by determining how ideas and opportunities were discovered, recognised and harnessed prior to the advent of entrepreneurship. There appeared to be a shortage of appropriate research studies into the entrepreneur’s creative processes, describing how it began and evolved over time. There also appeared to be few studies that attempted to describe how entrepreneurs discovered their ideas, harnessed them, and converted them into opportunities. It would seem that the majority of the empirical research studies on the subject have focused upon managers and founders of companies compared to studies involving nascent entrepreneurs and entrepreneurs. The objective of the research study was to provide a new synthesis of the research literature in order to create a framework that described the key cognitive processes and personal attributes that were involved in the entrepreneurs’ search and evolution of their ideas. The content and elements of the framework were then compared with the context of the entrepreneurs’ personal histories in order that generic themes could be identified. After a period of one year, further interviews were held with the entrepreneurs in order to monitor any changes to the processes involved. The research began with a review of existing literature relating to the entrepreneur and entrepreneurship. A selective review of the historical research literature on the entrepreneur was followed by an appraisal of some of the entrepreneurs’ attitudes and behaviour patterns. This provided a thumbnail sketch of each entrepreneur, his or her origins, and what he or she did. This was followed by a description of what might be construed as a typical nascent entrepreneur. This description detailed the process from the ‘learning phase’ to the ‘triggering event’ that caused such a dramatic change in his or her career path, i.e. the critical incident that set off a mental chain reaction within the nascent entrepreneur that led to the establishment of his or her entrepreneurial intentions. A review of the research literature concerning the focal theory of the research objectives led to an in-depth appraisal of what is meant by ‘creativity’ and ‘cognitive processes’. The difficulties of researching such subjective actions are shared by previous research literature. The creative variables were then brought together in a number of phases contained in the discovery and evolution processes. The process was then followed through the discovery phase, stressing the importance of the prepared mind to the birth of the idea. The various thinking and analytical processes involved in the evolution of an idea into an opportunity were discussed in the context of an entrepreneur’s core attributes and beliefs. The focal theory review concluded with a framework of the elements appertaining to the research objectives that had been derived from the research literature. The structure and elements of the framework were then compared with the relevant data from the field research study. A number of research questions arose from the key issues raised in the research literature. These concerned, having a prepared mind, happenstance, intuition, self-belief, values, visualisation and goal setting. The sample of the population chosen for the research study comprised fifty Scottish entrepreneurs of both sexes and varying sizes of company, ages of business, turnover and number of employees. The companies with whom entrepreneurs were involved covered various industries and activities. Following the guidance obtained from the research literature, in-depth interviews were carried out. A number of the entrepreneurs interviewed were subjected to a follow-up meeting after one year, in order to monitor any further developments and changes to the themes identified from the first interviews, and to provide the research with a further means of validation. An opportunity was taken at the meeting to share with the entrepreneurs the preliminary findings arising from the previous interviews. The interviews were tape-recorded, transcribed, and data was computerised. The data was then subjected to content analysis, as was the secondary information obtained from publications, newspaper articles and other case studies. The research findings identified many generic themes among the entrepreneurs, particularly in the area described as the discovery and evolution phases of the creative process. A high percentage of entrepreneurs also had beliefs and attitudes that were similar to their business philosophy. The findings supported a number of theories that have been outlined previously in the research literature, as well as confirming many of the traits, characteristics and behaviours attributed to being entrepreneurial. The findings of the research confirmed that many of the entrepreneurial ideas occurred serendipitously, and the use of visualisation and rehearsal techniques was considered by many to be invaluable in the creative process. Goal setting also appeared to provide essential stepping stones to the monitoring and attainment of many successful outcomes, particularly in the evolution stage. The structure and elements of the framework of the process of creation appeared to be well supported by the majority of the entrepreneurs interviewed. Recommendations are made as to how the adoption of some of the research findings could assist in the encouragement and advancement of an enterprise learning culture, and the establishment of a ‘can-do’ attitude towards enterprise creation.

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Annells, D. K. "The myth of the controlling entrepreneur : investigating how entrepreneurs 'let-go'." Thesis, University of Lincoln, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418280.

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Unnsteinsdottir, Saeunn. "Becoming an Entrepreneur : An Examination of the Needs of Young Entrepreneurs." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-255656.

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This study’s main purpose is to explore what young individuals need/require when becoming entrepreneurs. To do that, the views and perspectives of students, senior entrepreneurs and incubators were analyzed. This study’s main contribution is to the knowledge and understanding of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial education. Furthermore, this study has a practical application in the form of a suggestion on how to improve this study’s empirical case: a new project designed by the pre-incubator office Drivhuset Uppsala. Methodologically, a qualitative research study with interviews as its main technique indicates this study’s main findings and conclusions. What young individuals need/require in order to become entrepreneurs is; putting the theories they are learning or have learned into action, learning through entrepreneurship in the form of learning-by-doing and feeling the support in creating values from the entrepreneurial environment; called ‘the entrepreneurial ecosystem’ by one of this study’s actors. Theories indicate the importance of incubators participating in entrepreneurial education in different forms. UU incubators are, by the actors of this study, not perceived to do that. These conclusions proved to be complicated and are recommended as important topics for further research. This study focuses on Uppsala and incubators connected to UU. The empirical material was analyzed with the Venture Creation in learning-by- doing and Effectuation theories, and the findings indicate that Drivhuset Uppsala should focus on venture creation programs in designing their new project.

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Örtqvist, Daniel. "Entrepreneur role stress : essays on the travails of the entrepreneur." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Innovation och Design, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-18760.

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This thesis aims to contribute to a better understanding of the social situation of the entrepreneur and the travails of entrepreneurship. More specifically, it examines the role of the entrepreneur by acknowledging that the role is influenced by expectations and proscriptions of stakeholders, scripts for social conducts, and norms. This influence opens up situations demarcated by demanding expectations and resource inadequacies-in terms of role stress-which complicate entrepreneurs' role fulfillment. The detrimental consequences of role stress have been widely acknowledged in professions outside the entrepreneurship setting. Recognizing that role stress is a well-established field of research, the role of the entrepreneur is related to some unique characteristics but with limited prior focus earned. This study therefore aims at contributing to a better understanding of entrepreneurs' role stress, traces possible antecedents, and maps some potential consequences. The thesis is based on a selection of seven academic papers. A meta- analytic review of prominent role stress consequences, together with a narrative literature review of role stress antecedents, lays the foundation for a conceptual analysis of how role stress can be used in entrepreneurship research. A subsequent theoretical analysis of this material implied and strengthened the thesis that the inclusion of role stress is valuable in the study of entrepreneurs. Empirical examinations in different scholarly papers support the role of the entrepreneur and reveal that role stress is an important and prominent phenomenon among entrepreneurs. Role stress is found both to influence the likelihood of inclination for new venture termination and to reduce performance and satisfaction. In a two-year longitudinal data set, role stressors are shown to transform to a proclivity for venture withdrawal through feelings of burnout and dissatisfaction, which sustains over time once triggered. The effect of burnout feelings is direct but not sustained, while the effects from dissatisfaction are lagged. Examining the origin and consequences of entrepreneurs' role stress reveals the lack of fit between entrepreneurs' personality traits and environmental characteristics to develop role stress, and that invested personal resources aiming to resolve role stress can increase venture performance at the cost of exhaustion and reduced self-satisfaction. Further examinations reveal that role stress experiences transform into functional outcomes depending on the coping strategies employed and the levels of role stress experienced. Results moreover reveal that negotiating expectations and/or working harder to meet expectations positively affect venture performance, whereas suppressing perceived expectations negatively influences venture performance. Godkänd; 2007; 20070511 (ysko)

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Örtqvist, Daniel. "Entrepreneur role stress : essays on the travails of the entrepreneur /." Luleå : Entrepreneurship, Luleå Universitet of Technology, 2007. http://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1544/2007/19/.

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Vaghela, Amit, and Xiaoran Wang. "AN INDIAN ENTREPRENEUR ESTABLISHING." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-856.

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Title: An Indian Entrepreneur Establishing Business in EuropeCourse: Master Thesis EFO705 in International Business and Entrepreneurship,Swedish credit points (15 ECTS)Authors: Xiaoran Wang and Amit VaghelaTutor: Leif LinnskogProblem: How did Mr. Deepak Soni establish and develop his company Anora PvtLtd in Poland, a company operating in the branch of textile and clothing?From this research problem, the dissertation will be focused on theinternationalization.Purpose: The aim of thesis is to understand and describe the way an Indianentrepreneur succeeded in establishing and developing a viable business inEurope, i.e. to understand and describe how Mr. Deepak Soni establishedand developed Anora Pvt Ltd in Poland, a company operating in thebranch of textile and clothing.Method: This dissertation is based on qualitative study for the researchers to studythe internationalization process of Anora, Ltd in Europe. Qualitative studyis better for us to look into the internationalization process of Anora andfulfill our purpose.Theories: Uppsala-Model, Network Theory, and International Entrepreneurship buildthe theoretical frame of reference.Target Group: Our research findings will be submitted to the company Anora, Polandand to students and researchers as we will provide important informationregarding their Internationalization ProcessConclusion: This paper has offered Anora’s empirical findings. During the analysis part,with the help of theories we choose, we have had better understanding ofinternationalization process. Moreover, we have successfully achieved theaim to understand and describe the way an Indian entrepreneur succeededin establishing and developing a viable business in Europe. Moreover,Researchers have displayed the components in the model refined,commitment, knowledge, relationships and entrepreneurship are notisolated, and each of them has interplayed with others. For researches ininternationalization process in future, we recommend researchers shouldconsiderate all components as a whole rather than insularly thinking overonly one components.

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Lao, Kin Mei. "Entrepreneur motivation in China." Thesis, University of Macau, 2003. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636654.

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Duvenage, J. B. "Riglyne aan die entrepreneur." Interim : Interdisciplinary Journal, Vol 4, Issue 1: Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/423.

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Published Article The concept entrepreneurship can be defined as the ordinary individual who does extraordinary things which other ordinary individuals hesitate to do. The act of doing is a distinctive element of the entrepreneur. Considering the level of unemployment, the shortage of housing, uneven distributions of wealth and income, low level of education and high population growth rate in South Africa, the entrepreneur can play a major role. Entrepreneurs must equip themselves with knowledge, skills and the right attitude. In this article the focus is on various entrepreneurs to understand the world of entrepreneurship better.

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Ongono, Bikoe Danielle Béatrice. "L'entreprenant en droit OHADA." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01D003.

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En décembre 2010, l'entreprenant faisait son apparition dans le droit des affaires de I'OHADA. L'AUDCG présente ce nouvel acteur comme un entrepreneur individuel qui, sur simple déclaration, exerce une activité civile, commerciale, artisanale ou agricole. C'est un professionnel qui exerce, en son nom propre, une activité civile ou commerciale. Comparativement aux autres entrepreneurs individuels, il est censé bénéficier de facilités aussi bien dans ses démarches administratives que dans ses obligations. C'est en s’inspirant de l'auto-entrepreneur (désormais appelé micro-entrepreneur) qui a connu un grand succès en France que le législateur africain a créé ce statut particulier. Il espère par ce moyen, séduire les opérateurs du secteur informel et les inciter à se formaliser. Pres d'une décennie après l'adoption du nouveau statut, très peu de pays de I'OHADA l'ont rendu opérationnel et, contrairement à l'auto-entrepreneur français, il est loin de susciter l'engouement des opérateurs du secteur informel. A cause de son accès conditionné et des innombrables règles auxquelles il oblige à se soumettre, ce statut est loin d'être avantageux pour des personnes habituées à I 'informalité In December 2010, the entreprenant made his appearance in OHADA business law. AUDCG presents this new player as an individual entrepreneur who, upon simple declaration, exercises a civil, commercial, craft or agricultural activity. He is a professional who carries out, in his own name, a civil or commercial activity. Compared to other individual entrepreneurs, he is expected to benefit from facilities both in his administrative procedures and in his obligations. It is by drawing inspiration from the auto-entrepreneur (now called micro-entrepreneur) who has had great success in France that the African legislator created this special status. By this means, it hopes to attract operators in the informal sector and encourage them to formalize their activity. Nearly a decade after the adoption of the new statute, very few OHADA countries have made it operational and, unlike the French auto-entrepreneur, it is far from arousing the enthusiasm of informal sector operators. Because of its conditioned access and the innumerable rules to which it is oblige to submit, this status is far from being advantageous for people accustomed to informality

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Qian, Fang, and Anina Luoma. "what drives women into entrepreneurship? : A study of women's motivation to be entrepreneurs in Southwestern Finland." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Centre for Innovation Systems, Entrepreneurship and Growth, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-9403.

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With high recognized importance of women and entrepreneurship, women entrepreneurship has been attached almost everywhere, and the connection between motivation and venture creation is discussed among women in small businesses. Purpose To reflect the determinants of being a women entrepreneur based on an integrated framework from psychology, sociology, and economics. Method Qualitative research is used. Interview and observation are conducted with five women entrepreneurs, face-to-face, understanding the complex, personal topics about their businesses motivation.Conclusions Entrepreneurs are motivated into entrepreneurship for different factors; in this study, we examined background, personal and situational factors. Motivation to entrepreneurship should research on individual level, including different scientific and environmental approaches, because the final decision to become motivated into entrepreneurship is made on individual level.

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Kronholm, Thomas, and Martin Vidhall. "The entrepreneur in the cluster." Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1758.

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AbstractEntrepreneurship has become an important issue in the modern society where the business landscape consists of many small and medium sized firms. These firms have all been started by an entrepreneur who has identified and business idea and developed that idea into a new venture. We therefore see the idea identification and idea development process as a central part of the creation of a new firm.A concept that has become popular in the discussion about entrepreneurship is the cluster concept and dynamic business settings. These concepts are based on the fact that in some geographical regions more firms are started than in other geographical locations. These firms are often started in the same field or industry which has lead to theories that the environment supports and stimulates entrepreneurship. The studies about clusters have often been conducted with an organizational perspective and studied formal contacts within clusters. Therefore we in this study want to study how cluster environments support entrepreneurs in their idea identification and idea development process with the perspective of the individual entrepreneur.The study is based on a theoretical framework built around the cluster theories develop by Michael Porter who is considered to be the father to this concept. In addition to this we also present theories about the importance of untraded interdependencies, the triple helix, spin-offs and entrepreneurs as organizational products.The empirical material for this study has been collected through interviews with five entrepreneurs in Sweden’s famous ICT cluster Kista Science City just outside Stockholm. These interviews are later presented as five individual cases which describe the idea identification and development process. The results from these interview shows that the cluster environment can support the entrepreneurs in several ways. The support we have found in this study could be linked to the existence of untraded interdependencies that provided the entrepreneurs with access to information, knowledge and experts through networks. These factors were useful both in the idea identification and the idea development process.

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Tye, Marian Elizabeth. "The mentor and the entrepreneur a study of mentors and mentoring through the lens of entrepreneurs /." Swinburne Research Bank, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/48524.

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Thesis (PhD) - Australian Graduate School of Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Business and Enterprise, Swinburne University of Technology, 2008. [A thesis is submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy, Australian Graduate School of Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Business and Enterprise, Swinburne University of Technology - 2008]. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (p. 254-273)

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Mahamoud, Rayaleh Abdourahman. "Contribution à l'identification des potentialités entrepreneuriales des femmes entrepreneures : Analyse des antécédents et des facteurs contextuels des créatrices d'entreprise Djiboutienne." Thesis, Littoral, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017DUNK0508.

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L’objectif principal de notre thèse consiste, dans un premier temps, à inventorier et à classer les caractéristiques entrepreneuriales pour pouvoir ensuite typer les enquêtées selon la perception qu’elles ont de leurs potentialités entrepreneuriales. Outre cet objectif central, le présent travail tente d’analyser les facteurs personnels et contextuels susceptibles de contribuer à l’acquisition et au développement des potentialités entrepreneuriales des créatrices d’entreprise en contexte djiboutien et africain. Aussi, nous avons cherché à comparer les typologies entrepreneuriales des entrepreneures et des non entrepreneures. Afin de répondre plus adéquatement aux objectifs de la thèse, nous avons d’abord effectué une synthèse des principaux travaux relatifs aux paradigmes des traits et des faits de l’entrepreneur pour mieux resituer le modèle conceptuel de Gasse (Gasse et D’Amours, 2000). Dans un second temps, le travail de terrain se focalise sur l’exploitation d’une enquête réalisée auprès de 208 entrepreneures et 100 femmes non entrepreneures djiboutiennes. Dans cette enquête, on a utilisé un questionnaire de 125 items hors facteurs d’identification et articulé autour de 17 dimensions réparties entre 5 axes (motivations, aptitudes, attitudes, intérêts et comportements). Le traitement des données s’est appuyé sur les techniques statistiques descriptives (tris à plat et tris croisés) et multidimensionnelles (analyse des corrélations, analyse en composantes principales, la classification hiérarchique et l’analyse discriminante). Cette étude a été enrichie par des entretiens semi-directifs avec 10 femmes entrepreneures. Les analyses confirment que, comparées aux non entrepreneures, les entrepreneures disposent plus des capacités et des compétences entrepreneuriales. De même, nos résultats indiquent que les potentialités entrepreneuriales sont associées essentiellement au niveau d’instruction et à l’expérience antérieure chez les entrepreneures plus jeunes, et à un ensemble de facteurs environnementaux (cercle familial ou amical, croyance divine, contexte culturel) chez les entrepreneures plus âgées. Ainsi, notre étude tend à montrer l’importance de l’appartenance à un entourage familial et/ou amical de tradition entrepreneurial dans le processus de création d’entreprise. Les résultats issus de ces différentes méthodes d’analyse de données consolident le modèle conceptuel initial et ouvrent des perspectives en termes de pédagogie d’accompagnement de l’entrepreneure africaine souvent soumise aux pesanteurs contextuelles The primary aim of this thesis is to first identify and classify entrepreneurial traits so as to distinguish those surveyed on the basis of the perception they have of their entrepreneurial potentialities. Aside from this primary aim, the following work seeks to analyse personal and contextual factors likely to contribute to the acquisition and development of entrepreneurial traits of women entrepreneurs both within Djibouti and Africa at large. We have tried to compare entrepreneurial typologies of those who are entrepreneurs and those who are not. In view of achieving adequately the aims of this thesis, we first establish a synthesis of the main works regarding the paradigms of traits and facts of the entrepreneur so as to better reproduce Gasse’s conceptual model. In the second part of the work, the field work is focused on the exploitation of the findings of a survey conducted among 208 female entrepreneurs and 10 others who were not entrepreneurs. In this survey, a questionnaire, of 125 items excluding identifying factors and based on 17 dimensions distributed among 5 axes (motivations, aptitudes, attitudes, interests and behaviors), was used. Data processing is conducted according to the descriptive statistics techniques (basic sorting and cross sorting) and multi-dimensional ones (correlation analysis, principal component analysis, hierarchal classification, discriminative analysis). The study was strengthened by semi-structured interviews conducted among 10 female entrepreneurs. The results of the analysis confirmed that, unlike non-entrepreneurs, entrepreneurs have more capabilities and entrepreneurial skills. Moreover, results also indicate that entrepreneurial potentialities are mainly linked to the level of education and prior experience among young entrepreneurs and to a host of environmental factors (family circle, circle of friends, religious beliefs, and cultural context) as far as older entrepreneurs are concerned. Therefore, our study tends to show the importance of belonging to a family environment or having a circle of friends with a long-standing entrepreneurial tradition in the process of business creation. The results of these various methods of data processing reinforces the initial conceptual model and open perspectives on ways of assisting Africa’s women entrepreneurship often subjected to contextual burdens

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Johansson, Linda, and Annie Hult. "Den kvinnliga entreprenören : En kvantitativ innehållsanalys av Mincs sociala medier." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-42527.

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I denna studie studerar vi hur kvinnor som är entreprenörer gestaltas på Minc Startup House sociala medier, mer specifikt deras LinkedIn, Facebook och Instagram. En kvantitativ innehållsanalys har gjorts på inlägg som publicerats under ett års tid. Vi har studerat resultatet med hjälp av teorin om sociala konstruktioner som huvudteori. Till denna har vi sedan applicerat representationsteori, samt ett feministiskt perspektiv med inriktning av könskonstruktivism och intersektionalitet. Vi kan konstatera att Minc genom sin kommunikation gestaltar män och kvinnor som är entreprenörer olika. I kommunikation riktad till kvinnor appliceras kvinnliga stereotyper och benämningen kvinnlig entreprenör används ofta. Inga stereotyper av manlighet förekommer och orden man och manlig används endast i ett sammanhang, vilket har ett negativt syfte. Studiens resultat visar även att entreprenörer som inte har ett nordeuropeisk utseende är representerade i låg utsträckning. Detta gäller även för personer som är i åldern 50 år och uppåt. In this thesis we are studying how women entrepreneurs are portrayed in Minc Startup House’s social media, more specifically their LinkedIn, Facebook, and Instagram. A quantitative content analysis has been made on posts from a one-year time period. We have analysed the results with the help of the theory of social constructions as main theory. We have then applied the theory of representation, and a feministic perspective, more specifically the theory of constructions of gender and intersectionality. We have come to the conclusion that Minc through their communication are portraying women and men entrepreneurs differently. In communication created to reach women, female stereotypes are used, and the term female entrepreneur is often used. No male stereotypes are used, and the words man and male only occur in one context, which has a negative purpose. The results in the thesis also show how entrepreneurs without a north European appearance are represented to a low extent. This also regards people who appear to be in the age of 50 and above.

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Barros, Lima Eduardo, and Munigala Vivek Noel Dinker. "The influence of self-leadership on an entrepreneur : A Qualitative Content Analysis of Brazilian and Indian Entrepreneurs." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-75157.

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In this research, we have investigated the entrepreneur and how he or she can use self-leadership in order to exercise leadership. An entrepreneur is a global phenomenon and entrepreneurship is part of it, in both as being developed or underdeveloped. On how entrepreneurs engage with passion in the creation of a business venture is something that is somehow similar for each individual despite the different nationalities. However, how he or she develops the needed tools and develops leadership skills to conduct his or her business venture. To study this, we have conducted a qualitative content analysis with interviewees who are entrepreneurs either from Brazil or India to investigate on how being an entrepreneur can benefit through self-leadership. We therefore derived from the existing construction of self-leadership and its dimensions in order to use the abductive approach in the qualitative content analysis. We have therefore collected data through semi-structured interviews. Then we analyzed the content of the answers and linked the emerging data to the existing literature review on the entrepreneur and self-leadership. Furthermore, we analyzed how an entrepreneur can benefit him or herself from self-leadership as an individual and how he or she can use it in order to develop leadership skills. Our findings link the literature of the entrepreneur as an individual and his or her use of self-leadership in order to achieve and succeed.

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Geissler, Gerhard. "Der Entrepreneur als Verteidiger der Freiheit." MANZ Verlag Schulbuch GmbH, 2016. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6049/1/Geissler_2016_MANZ_Der%2DEntrepreneur%2Dals%2DVerteidiger%2Dder%2DFreiheit.pdf.

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Smith, Robert. "Understanding the entrepreneur as socially constructed." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/644.

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The objective of this thesis, which combines two levels of analysis, is to explore the entrepreneur as a social construct and the socially constructed nature of entrepreneurship. It builds upon a limited number of extant studies considering the socially constructed nature of entrepreneurship by focusing upon achieving a Verstehen' of these 'constructions' as articulated in stories; thereby enhancing conceptual understanding. It achieves this by concentrating upon the key issues of constructionism, namely narrative and identity; and by triangulating these by using a qualitative approach and a variety of methodologies. These include social constructionism, semiotic analysis, biographical analysis, in-depth interviews, content analysis and action research. This approach is justified because, despite an increasing body of research into aspects entrepreneurial, our basic understanding of the many social facets which influence our perception of the entrepreneur remains unclear. Clarity of definition often eludes us, although we can describe and explain it in context. Consequentially, such constructions are subjective, descriptive, often nebulous and heavily reliant upon stereotype. By examining interrelated social constructs such as gender, class and ethnicity, which are embedded in and influenced by other constructs such as childhood, family, society, culture and so on this thesis extends our knowledge of entrepreneurial process. It allows us to understand subjective issues such as ethics, value, morality, legitimacy, traits, character and personality which become visible when articulated via narrative forms and storytelling mechanisms of myth, metaphor and fable. The findings suggest that our perception of entrepreneurs may owe more to narrative convention than to the lived experience of entrepreneurs. The review of academic literature, novels (fiction), biographies, autobiographies, newspaper articles, and a semiotic analysis of images and photographs associated with the entrepreneur found that although entrepreneurs are eulogised, not all practice moral entrepreneurship - thus signalling the many forms and functions of entrepreneurship, including the immoral, amoral and criminal. In identifying a universal storybook formula the thesis shows how entrepreneurial practice is influenced by heroic stereotyping and how entrepreneurship can be understood as a communicational construct; a living, evolving narrative; and enacted story. This formula spans different media with a consistency of themes and elements which demonstrates its socially constructed nature. The multi-methodology allows one to develop deeper understanding. The contribution of this thesis is the exploration of the philosophical, ideological and epistemological issues underpinning the ontology of entrepreneurship. This thesis by adapting a process of deconstructionism, analysis and reconstruction contributes by adopting a holistic approach uniting the constructionist and Verstehen' approaches as a heuristic tool through which to achieve a greater understanding of entrepreneurship as a socio-behavioural process. Moreover it considers entrepreneurial narrative as socially mediated behavioural scripts constructed from a wide range of inter-disciplinary knowledge best understood when assembled and read as a process. In taking cognisance of the individual entrepreneur as a person and in then examining psychological, sociological, demographic and linguistic factors affecting the application of entrepreneurship, the thesis maps entrepreneurial process as socially constructed. Mapping how social constructionism shapes perception necessitates looking at the practices and processes which constitute it as a socially negotiated interaction. This thesis extends knowledge of how social constructions are formed and perpetuated in society and displays originality by focusing on how social construction impact on the entrepreneurial process. The entrepreneur is often encountered in a literary format as a heroic male personage. Masculine ideology, rhetoric, mythology, and doxa reinforce this message marginalising female entrepreneurs with whom the construction may not resonate. Entrepreneurs are presented as 'likeable rogues' a perception reinforced by a semiotic pictorial format of 'bad boys' embedded in images of masculinity, class and criminality. This thesis bridges many theoretical approaches to entrepreneurship by using narrative and communication techniques to reveal how academic conceptualisations adhere to but differ from more popular concepts. The research develops a practical narrative based theory of entrepreneurship. This study presents the socially constructed nature of entrepreneurial knowledge and process in a way not done before. However, its most substantial contribution is that it takes the notion of entrepreneurial narrative, discourse, and constructions to a new level in taking cognisance of the plethora of plots, sub-plots and storylines which constitute the socially constructed narrative that is entrepreneurship.

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Bousquet, Aurélie. "L'artiste entrepreneur, ses clients, ses actionnaires." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010539.

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En constante mutation, le statut de l'artiste est lié à celui de son public, de sa production, et des acteurs du monde de l'art. En choisissant d'étudier l'artiste entrepreneur, on assiste à la disparition de l'œuvre et du spectateur. Qu'il propose des produits d'art, des services, ou une participation au capital de son entreprise artistique, l'artiste entrepreneur bouleverse les rôles de chacun. En assumant un rapport direct à l'argent, il organise une relation d'ordre économico-esthétique avec ses clients, ou actionnaires. Cette thèse défend l'idée selon laquelle la fusion de l'art et de son marché, dans une démarche artistique de type entrepreneuriale, ne peut se faire sans un fondement sur un socle éthique. La mise en place d'un code déontologique propre aux artistes entrepreneurs est ainsi suggérée; celui-ci aurait l'avantage de manifester l'existence d'un groupe, partageant des valeurs et des intérêts, en plus de favoriser le fonctionnement et la reconnaissance des pratiques artistiques entrepreneuriales.

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Brown, Michael John Moorcroft. "Entrepreneur education assessment in secondary schools." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29416.

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The purpose of this research report is to investigate how Entrepreneurship is being taught in the classroom of secondary schools and to see if there is a vast difference between how it is taught across the income spectrum of the students.The research used a qualitative methodological approach. Questionnaires were sent out to respondents selected by the researcher (convenient sample). Then there was a follow-up in-depth interview with all the respondents. The respondents are all teachers who currently teach entrepreneurship at secondary schools and were divided into three groups depending on the school they teach at. There is the private school, the Model C School and the public school.The research revealed that there are vast differences in the way entrepreneurship is taught between the schools. Private schools have a large component of ‘beyond the classroom’. These include company visits, guest lecturers on entrepreneurial exercises. Model C Schools were very limited with the ‘odd’ guest lecturer and ‘fund raising’ poject. Public schools have no practical component to entrepreneurship what so ever. All the previous research suggests that a practical component to teaching entrepreneurship is vital. This research high-light’s that entrepreneurial education is seriously lacking at secondary school level in that a practical component seems to be missing.This research report looked at different schools to see if there was possibly a model that could be replicated across secondary schools that could bring in a practical element to teaching entrepreneurship. A model was found called, ‘R10 in ten days’. Students are placed in pairs and given R10 on a Wednesday. The following Friday they return the R10 and profit. They pay 20% to the school and keep the rest. This is a model that can be implemented in every school. Furthermore it creates a culture of ‘entrepreneurship’. Parents, relatives and friends get involved. A culture that encourages entrepreneurs is far more successful than one that doesn’t. Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) unrestricted

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BAROUMAS, VAN HAL WILLIAM, and CHRISTINE LINDGREN. "I solen finns det plats för alla : En studie om entreprenörer som etablerar affärsverksamheter på marknaders med hög konkurrens." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20509.

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Företagande och entreprenörskap har under 2000-talet fått allt större genomslagskraft isamhällsdebatterna och antalet nystartade företag inom tjänstesektorn har ökat markant. Denökade globaliseringen har bidragit till att fler aktörer väljer att etablera sina verksamheter påinternationella marknader och bidrar därigenom till en ökad konkurrens.Syftet med uppsatsen är att ur ett företagsekonomiskt perspektiv. Utifrån ämnenaentreprenörskap och entreprenöriellt agerande har vi undersökt bakomliggande motiv tillvarför entreprenörer väljer att etablera affärsverksamheter på marknader med hög konkurrens.För att besvara vår forskningsfråga, varför väljer man att starta affärsverksamheter på enmarknad med hög konkurrens, har vi utgått ifrån en kvalitativ ansats och använt oss av trefallföretag i form av språkskolor i Alicante, Spanien. Vi har intervjuat de entreprenörer somhar varit med och grundat språkskolorna samt genomfört observationer på entreprenörernabakom en av skolorna. Vidare har vi studerat relevant litteratur och forskningsartiklar inomämnet för att skapa oss en större kunskap och förståelse för studieämnet.Vi kan av studien dra slutsatser att entreprenörerna på fallföretagen inte upplevde den högakonkurrensen som ett hot. Den sågs snarare som någonting positivt och nyttig för marknadensom helhet. Något som utmärkte entreprenörerna i studien var att de angav destinationen somen stark drivkraft. De tog även upp behovet av självstyre som ett starkt motiv till att startaaffärsverksamhet.

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Ojala, Aleksi, and Edward Taifa Defuro. "Private Entrepreneur Personal Branding : Brand Creation and Customer Brand Engagement." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-48471.

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The aim of this study is to investigate how self-employed entrepreneurs create and manage their brands and how the entrepreneurs engage customers to their brands in online and offline contexts. Furthermore, the viewpoints of entrepreneurs towards branding will be explored To answer the research question, a qualitative, multiple case study was conducted. The primary data was collected by semi-structured interviews and the secondary data was obtained by studying the entrepreneur´s social media behaviour. This study found that entrepreneurs build their brands by utilizing their own personalities and characteristics. The brands created have loyal following and the customers are positively engaged. The engagement process itself is due to the relationships built between the company and the customers. Even if the brands are effective, there is not much strategic elements to them but are rather very organic.

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Malmgren, Erik, and David Shacham. "A Study of the Entrepreneur’s Perceptions of the Born Global Phenomenon." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-1074.

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This dissertation sets out to explore the phenomenon of Born Globals, a small, international entrepreneurial firm. The study aims at exploring how the entrepreneur perceives the factors that influence the creation of a Born Global. This topic has been chosen since little research has been carried out in order to investigate what the entrepreneurs find important in the creation of a Born Global. This fact has been the basis in developing our study’s aim to investigate the factors’ relative importance. The first step in the investigation is the literature review which is carried out in order to gain significant knowledge about the phenomenon before collecting empirical data of our own, the deductive approach. The literature review revolves around the conceptual framework created by Andersson & Wictor (2003), which has been used to summarise other findings by other authors into the four subcategories that our found to facilitate the creation of a Born Global. In addition to these factors we have found that nation specific characteristics and company specific advantages, as well as entry modes are feasible facilitators to discuss further.When considering methodology a qualitative design has been found the most suitable. The approach used is influenced by Phenomenography which aims to describe people’s perceptions and experiences of different phenomena. In order to investigate this phenomenon we have used open interviews with two different entrepreneurs that were found through careful sampling. The companies chosen are located on two different continents and in two different businesses.The interviews have been transcribed and categorised and the empirical data have been divided into the same categories used in the literature review. This has been done in order to make it easier to read but also easier to analyse. After the summary of the empirical data we have conducted a cross analysis. In analysing the data we have looked for similarities and differences in order to draw conclusions regarding the issues set out to investigate. The empirical results and the analysis revolve around the six areas outlined in the theory, i.e. Globalisation, Entrepreneur, Networks, Industry, Entry Modes, and A fit between nation specific characteristics and company specific advantages. The two entrepreneurs consider the same factors to have had the biggest influence for the biggest part. However they disagree regarding the importance of Networks and Market Entry. These factors have both had an impact on the companies but their relative importance is disputed. We would like to stress that the investigated attitudes are subjective. It is the interviewees’ attitudes and opinions the study has been aiming at investigating and therefore it is important to identify the individual as a factor when discussing the investigation’s credibility. It is rather unlikely that we would have reached the same conclusions with different interviewees but since it is attitudes that have been investigated it is only natural and does therefore not clash with the purpose of the study.

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Cheong, Man Vai. "The entrepreneur motivation in Macao's garment industry." Thesis, University of Macau, 2006. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636701.

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Alexander, McClezone K. "The Black entrepreneur in the trucking industry." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/508012.

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The purpose of this creative project was to provide those Black entrepreneurs interested in the trucking industry with information necessary for success in this dynamic field. This learning package was developed to satisfy two specific goals.The first goal was to provide future Black entrepreneurs with a background of the trucking industry. The second goal was to prepare an effective instructional learning tool for Black entrepreneurs going into the trucking industry.The problem of meager statistics on Blacks in the trucking industry led me to the development of my study. Department of Urban Planning

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Boyett, Inger. "In search of the public sector entrepreneur." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2005. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/23505/.

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?This collection of papers and cases seeks to provide a focussed picture of a programme of research into an area of management activity which had previously been ignored by academia -public sector entrepreneurship. Hence, they not only add significantly to the entrepreneurship literature, but also open up an area of research not hitherto explored. Entrepreneurship itself has been debated from the stand points of economics, psychology, sociology and behaviourial science since its definition by Richard Cantillon in 1734. The entrepreneurship literature base is broad, but centred firmly around the small business, with only occasional forays into the not-for-profit sector and then only where the activity, in all senses but that of creating a shareholder profit, emulates that of the small business. The collection is divided into five main areas: first, a critical appraisal of the collection providing the strategy and methodology of research; next, two papers relating particularly to the initial surveys undertaken in the school and health sectors, These papers are particularly important because, through unadulterated survey, they provide the first indication that the sectors themselves recognise the existence of entrepreneurs within their midst. The next grouping develops the information gained from the surveys and adds to it much richer research case material. Possible externalities in the form of community entrepreneurship are also explored. The next section contains examples of published case studies in each of the public sector areas within the research strategy area. The study culminates in a paper advancing the first published definition of the Public Sector Entrepreneur. The final section includes a paper and conclusion providing an indication of the ongoing research direction and a move towards a more deductive perspective. The collection also provides a description of the changes which have occurred in the public sector relevant to the arguments and analysis within each paper. Similarly, each paper provides a synopsis of the relevant literature to enable the analysis and discussion of the research activity reported.

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AREKRANS, JOHAN, and PHILIP GORDIN. "Increasing Exploration Capabilities Through Employee Entrepreneur Interaction." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-246013.

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Large and established firms tend to be greater at exploiting their current business rather than exploring the opportunities of tomorrow. In industries facing changes, such a firm could lose their market place when the surrounding environment shifts. Thus, there is a need for new ways of increasing the exploration capabilities of many large and established firms. This thesis examines a German automotive OEM that is taking measures to become more explorative through collaborations with startups. Generally, startups are characterized as agile, risk-taking, innovative, rapid, and close to the customer. However, they lack the resources, industry knowledge and scale that larger organizations have. Therefore, a collaboration of the two could be fruitful for both parties. The case company (referred to as OEM) is currently developing and evaluating a model, called the Exploration Capability Model, which includes measures for startup collaborations and creation of spinouts, upon which this thesis has its’ starting point. In parallel with the model, the OEM has recently created a so-called Venture Client unit (referenced as VCU), with the aim to facilitate startup collaborations. This study aims to identify the importance and influence of these collaborations, with regards to the individuals in the OEM. Thus, this study is a response to a gap in the research on how to possibly link the individual’s entrepreneurial characteristics to an organizational exploration capability. We argue that understanding (1) the collaborations between established organizations and startups, (2) the formation of spinouts, (3) the relationship between employees in the large corporation and the entrepreneurs in startups, is of great importance. Based on this, the research question, “How do entrepreneurial characteristics at an individual level affect organizational ambidexterity in terms of explorative capability?”, was formed. The methodology used in this research was an inductive and qualitative analysis approach, where the data gathering was done with an emphasis on a thoroughly formulated interview guide used in 16 semi-structured interviews. These interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed to find patterns and discrepancies connected to the research question. The findings highlight the importance of the individual and their behavior in facilitating startup collaborations and spinout efforts. In addition, further recommendations consider how an established organization such as the OEM can approach these topics with an aim to increase the exploration capability of the company. Emphasizing how the individuals can be nurtured within the company with regards to motivation, change of mindset, organizational support, exposure to entrepreneurial ventures and the organizational view on risk. Stora och etablerade företag tenderar att vara bättre på att utnyttja sin nuvarande verksamhet snarare än att utforska morgondagens möjligheter. I industrier som står inför förändringar, kan ett sådant företag förlora sin plats på marknaden när omgivningen ändras. Det finns således ett behov av att hitta nya sätt att öka förmågan att vara utforskande för många stora och etablerade företag. Detta examensarbete undersöker ett tyskt OEM-företag som försöker att vidta åtgärder för att bli mer explorativa genom att samarbeta med startups. I allmänhet karaktäriseras startups som agila, risktagande, innovativa, snabba och kundnära. De saknar dock resurser, kunskap om industrin och den förmåga att skala upp som större organisationer besitter. Därför kan ett samarbete mellan dessa två vara givande för båda parterna. Det undersökta företaget (här nämnd som OEM) håller just nu på att utveckla och utvärdera en modell som de kallar Exploration Capability Model. Denna innehåller förberedelser för samarbeten med startups och skapandet av spinouts, vilket är utgångspunkten för detta examensarbete. Parallellt med den modellen, har OEM-företaget nyligen skapat en så kallad Venture Client-enhet, som syftar till att underlätta samarbeten med nystartade företag. Denna studie syftar till att identifiera betydelsen och vilken påverkan dessa samarbeten har med avseende på individerna i företaget. Således försöker denna studie fylla ett gap i dagens forskning genom att hitta en koppling mellan individens entreprenörsegenskaper och organisationens möjlighet att utforska mer. Vi argumenterar att förståelse angående (1) samarbetet mellan etablerade organisationer och startups, (2) skapandet av spinout-projekt, (3) relationen mellan anställda i det stora företaget och entreprenörer i startups, är av avgörande betydelse. Baserat på detta har följande forskningsfråga använts; Hur påverkar entreprenöriella karaktärsdrag på individnivå en organisations möjlighet att utforska? Metodiken som används för analysen i denna forskning är av induktiv och kvalitativ karaktär, där datainsamlingen gjordes med en intervjuguide som användes i 16 semi-strukturerade intervjuer. Dessa transkriberades, kodades och analyserades i ett försök att hitta mönster och skiljaktigheter, kopplade till forskningsfrågan. Resultaten lyfter fram vikten av individen och deras beteende när det kommer till samarbeten med startups och spinouts. Rekommendationer gällande hur en stor organisation som OEM kan bemöta problemet med att utforska mer, är presenterade. Det understryks hur individerna kan vårdas inom företaget med avseende på motivation, förändring av mindset, stöd från organisationen, exponering för startups och organisatorisk syn på risker.

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Street, David Michael. "The small business entrepreneur : a psychological profile." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002574.

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With the growing importance being placed on the small business environment as having a positive influence on economic growth and vitality (Erwee, 1987: Burns & Dewhurst, 1989), there has been a corresponding increase in attention being paid to entrepreneurship and the characteristics of the entrepreneur. This increased attention is due to the fact that entrepreneurs have long been linked to small business creation and recognised as an important factor in the small business development process (Boyd & Gumpert, 1983). Despite the quantity of research on entrepreneurship, there appears to be an ongoing controversy oyer what characterises an entrepreneurial business. and the specific characteristics of the small business entrepreneur. It has been argued that although there is an overlap between entrepreneurial and non-entrepreneurial businesses. they are in fact different entities (Carland, Hoy, Boulton & Carland, 1984: Drucker, 1985), and that not every individual who starts a business is an entrepreneur (Drucker. 1985). Small business entrepreneurship has been found to be specifically related to the psychological characteristics of the owner-manager who controls the business (Miller. 1983). The purpose of this research was to identify and describe psychological characteristics displayed by a group of South African small business entrepreneurs, thereby compiling a psychological profile of the small business entrepreneur. Given the nature of entrepreneurial activities and processes, Hofer and Bygrave (1992) recommend that accurate, precise qualitative data that is rich in its descriptive characterisation of the situation and the phenomenon involved be collected. As a result the researcher used qualitative rather than quantitative methods of investigation. Innovative behaviour has long been linked to entrepreneurship (Schumpeter. 1934) and entrepreneurial businesses were distinguished from other small businesses by their use of innovative strategic practices. Two sample groups consisting of entrepreneurial and non-entrepreneurial businesses, were created and the data collected were analysed independently. The results, based on personal interviews with 32 small business owner-managers and the administration and interpretation of tihe Structured Objective Rorschach Test (SORT), indicate that small business entrepreneurship should not be used as a term synonymous with small business ownership and/or management. Despite similarities between small business entrepreneurs and other small business owner-managers. the results suggest that a distinction between the two groups is necessary for accurate future research on entrepreneurs. The entrepreneurs differed from other small business owner-managers in terms of their psychological characteristics including their motives, their perception and attitude towards the external environment, and various sociological factors. The entrepreneurial businesses were also different in that they were more innovative and growth oriented than the non-entrepreneurial businesses. The research contributes towards a clarification of the concept of small business entrepreneurship and indicates a need for more precise sampling techniques to be used in entrepreneurial research.

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Källviks, Mikaela, Marcus Nilsson, and Marcus Karlsson. "A Motivational Journey : A study about the entrepreneur and the changes in motivation from start-up to present." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-26762.

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The purpose of this thesis is to identify what motivational changes occur while a lifestyle entrepreneur moves through three different organizational stages. The focus will however be on stage one and three. The problem of an under-researched field is addressed and how the motivation of specific lifestyle entrepreneurs, in these cases hairdressing salon owners, has changed. This thesis has been conducted with an interpretivistic viewpoint, an inductive approach and with a qualitative research method. The authors have selected to analyze the data through pattern matching and dividing the interviewees into two different case studies, one for each of the two chosen organizational stages in focus. In conclusion the authors found that intrinsic and extrinsic motivations have had different effects within all stages in the organizational life cycle. The authors have discovered that during stage one the intrinsic motivations play a large role. During stage one where the organization is small and young the lifestyle entrepreneurs are motivated by factors such as independence and self-efficacy. Stage two is a more extrinsic dominated phase with the factors integrated regulations and identified regulation as motivators. The third stage is a return to the intrinsic motivations with factors such as locus of control and egoistic passion. This is further explained within the chapter with help of the analysis and empirical findings. A figure has been presented to show the different phases and their motivational change.

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Robertsson, Anna, and Jonsson Mari Renfors. "X-Innovations AB : -Och kunskapsbehovet hos företagaren till företaget X-Innovations AB vid en förbättrad produktlansering." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-12023.

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Problem En ensamföretagare måste ofta sitta på en mängd olika kunskaper, då det är vederbörande som i slutändan tar alla slutgiltiga beslut. Enligt Tomas Lindberg själv förekommer det en sviktande försäljning av produkten Wind-X Medium. Kan det då finnas kunskapsluckor hos Tomas Lindberg själv som har ett indirekt samband till dåliga försäljningssiffror? Vilken betydelse kan det ha för företagande och tillväxt om det finns skillnader mellan att vara en företagare eller entreprenör och uppfinnare eller innovatör? Syfte Syftet med studien är att undersöka problematiken en ensamföretagare kan ha med att skapa större intresse och acceptans kring sina produkter. Vision Med en vision att kunna komma med ett eller flera förslag på hur han kan gå vidare med sitt företag. Metod Författarna har i denna studie använt sig av en kvalitativ metod, genom att intervjua ägaren till företaget. Författarna har genom att göra olika analyser fått fram information till studiens empiri. Genom att analysera och diskutera studiens teoretiska referensram har författarna kommit fram till olika förslag till hur ägaren skulle kunna göra för att gå vidare med sitt företag. Slutsats Författarna har identifierat vissa kunskapsbrister hos ägaren Tomas Lindberg som kan påverka företaget på olika sätt. I studien har det framkommit att ägaren till företaget X-Innovations AB saknar kunskap om marknadsföring, vilket har gjort att försäljningen av företagets produkt inte går så bra som ägaren hade hoppats. Problem In a single-person business the business man himself often must have a great deal of knowledge, because he/she is the one who must take all the final decisions. According to Tomas Lindberg there has been a failing sale of the product Wind-X Medium. Could it be that there is an indirect link between Tomas Lindbergs lack of knowledge and failing sales figures of Wind-X Medium? What can the consequence be for business enterprise and growth if there is a difference between being a businessman, entrepreneur or an innovator? Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the problems a single-person business can have to create more interest and acceptance around his/her products. Vision With a vision to be able to come up with one or more proposals on how Tomas Lindberg can move on with his business. Method The authors in this study used a qualitative approach, by interviewing the owner of the company. The authors have by doing different tests, presented information to the study’s empirical work. The authors analyzed and discussed the study’s theoretical framework, and then come up with a various proposals on how the owner could do to move forward with his business. Conclusions The authors have identified some knowledge gaps with Tomas Lindberg that may affect in different ways. The study has revealed that the owner of the company X-Innovations AB has some knowledge of marketing, which has allowed that the sale of its product are not going as well as the owner hoped.

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Moffit, Kimberly. "The resilient entrepreneur : the use of successful coping behaviours to experience relief from emotional intensity by entrepreneurs in Canada." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2015. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/18276/.

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There is a lack of qualitative research demonstrating the emotional processes that entrepreneurs experience after they first start their businesses. This dissertation analyzed the emotional processes experienced by ten entrepreneurs during their venture’s start-up phase. A constructivist grounded theory research design was used to collect and analyze data in this investigation. Research findings showed entrepreneurs experienced simultaneous emotions that were of an intense nature during their early stages of business. These emotions included some combination of: excitement, anxiety/fear, disappointment, pressure/self-doubt, isolation, and relief. In addition, entrepreneurs identified entrepreneurial distress related to the constant need for action in their ventures and the use of technology, including cellular phones, email, and social media. Entrepreneurs described a gradual reduction in emotional intensity as they gained experience and learned how to cope. Coping behaviours used by entrepreneurs to counteract the overwhelming nature of emotions were: (a) developing improved entrepreneurial social networks, (b) gaining experience/learning from mistakes, and (c) changing their perspective on life as a whole. Coping behaviours aided in the reduction and fluctuation of entrepreneurial emotions.

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Huché-Deniset, Fabien Michael Philippe. "The personal branding of the entrepreneur - a unique asset for a new venture: a study with young french entrepreneurs." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/19358.

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Submitted by Fabien Huché-Deniset (fabien.huche-deniset@hec.edu) on 2017-12-12T22:04:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MPGI thesis - Fabien Huché-Deniset - Vsubmitted.pdf: 2447272 bytes, checksum: 1f964f0a45481fa73e2848906014395d (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Josineide da Silva Santos Locatelli (josineide.locatelli@fgv.br) on 2017-12-13T11:26:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MPGI thesis - Fabien Huché-Deniset - Vsubmitted.pdf: 2447272 bytes, checksum: 1f964f0a45481fa73e2848906014395d (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-13T13:05:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MPGI thesis - Fabien Huché-Deniset - Vsubmitted.pdf: 2447272 bytes, checksum: 1f964f0a45481fa73e2848906014395d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-06 This research aims to identify the characteristics of an entrepreneur’s efficient personal branding strategy that is valuable for his/her company. It also tries to analyze the projected outcomes of the personal brand of the entrepreneur on the success of his/her new venture. First, a literature review was conducted to fully understand the concepts of entrepreneurship, personal branding, and the dynamics of social media. It also provided first elements of answers for the research question. Then, a qualitative approach is taken. It consists of interviews of young French entrepreneurs having experienced the benefits of personal branding or looking to do so for their own companies and case studies of emblematic personal brand images of entrepreneurs that have influenced (positively or negatively) the soundness of their businesses. Results show entrepreneurs’ personal brand images, if well-managed, are privileged means to enhance brand awareness of the newly launched venture. They should even bring more revenues by raising brand awareness and people’s willingness to try out. However, an entrepreneur should not rely on it to get easier access to investments. To be efficient, the personal brand image of an entrepreneur has to be authentic and to rely on the person’s true qualities. It has to set a clear story lining on who the entrepreneur is and what drove him to launch a venture. It should rely on many appearances in the press and the social media to bring the attention needed to raise brand awareness. This way, the personal brand of the entrepreneur should be an asset in that it is unique and impossible to copy for competitors. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo identificar as características de uma estratégia eficiente de marca pessoal de um empreendedor que é valiosa para sua empresa. Também tenta analisar os resultados projetados da marca pessoal do empreendedor sobre o sucesso da sua nova empresa em fase inicial. Primeiro, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura para entender completamente os conceitos de empreendedorismo, marca pessoal e a dinâmica das mídias sociais, fornecendo também os primeiros elementos de respostas para o assunto da pesquisa. Em seguida, uma metodologia qualitativa será tomada que consiste em entrevistas com jovens empresários franceses que experimentaram os benefícios da marca pessoal ou que procuram fazê-lo para suas próprias empresas, bem como estudos de caso de imagens de marcas pessoais emblemáticas de empreendedores que impactaram (positivamente ou negativamente) a solidez de seus negócios. Os resultados mostram que as imagens de marcas pessoais dos empresários, se bem gerenciadas, são meios privilegiados para melhorar a notoriedade da marca da empresa recém-lançada. Elas deveriam mesmo trazer mais receitas porque aumentam a consciência da marca e a vontade das pessoas de experimentar seus produtos. No entanto, um empresário não deve contar com isso para obter um acesso mais fácil aos investimentos. Para ser eficiente, a imagem de marca pessoal de um empreendedor tem que ser autêntica e ter por base as verdadeiras qualidades da pessoa. Tem que definir uma história clara sobre o que o empresário é e o que o levou a lançar uma nova empresa. Tem que estar amparada em muitas aparições na imprensa e nas mídias sociais para trazer a atenção necessária para aumentar a consciência da marca. Desta forma, a marca pessoal do empreendedor deve ser uma vantagem na medida em que é única e impossível de ser copiada pelos concorrentes.

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Centeno, Ignacio, He Peng, and Parityada Punthapong. "Do Entrepreneur Courses Matter? : An Investigation of Students from Swedish University, Mälardalen University." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-849.

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The purpose is to investigate the relationship between Entrepreneurperspectives and education objectives in order to explore students´attitudes towards the course and also their expectations to become anEntrepreneur.

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Horsaengchai, Worrawan, and Yana Mamedova. "Are Millennials Potential Entrepreneurs?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-13041.

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Today is the era of millennial generation, many researchers in social sciences claim that Millennials are well-educated, confident, achieving, taking advantage of opportunities and so forth. Nowadays, the world is full of changes and uncertainty the whole nation needs talents of entrepreneurs more than ever before. The challenge for us is that we only know entrepreneurs when they appear themselves. Therefore, there is a great amount of potential entrepreneurs who keep in the background, while others take the best from developing their enterprises. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate in entrepreneurial potential of present millennial generation and to understand about potential, external and environment characteristics which contribute our interviewees to become entrepreneurs. The research is conducted by applying both qualitative and quantitative methodology. The face to face interview is conducted with Swedish young entrepreneurs whereas web-based questionnaire survey is conducted with Master students in Sweden by applying FACETS Framework (the facets of entrepreneur: identifying entrepreneurial potential). Regarding application of literature review, conceptual framework, empirical data and discussion of findings part are concluded.

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Wang, Juanzi. "The Factors Affecting Individuals' Choice To Be Entrepreneur: A Comparison Between Efficiency-Driven Economies and Innovation-Driven Economies." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33377.

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The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of institutional (environmental) factors and personal (attitude, human capital) factors on the probability of becoming an entrepreneur. In particular, this study aims to make a comparison between different types of economies. The data for this study is derived from the 2011 Adult Population Survey (APS), the 2011 National Expert Survey (NES) of Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) and the World Bank Database, and covers 32 countries, including efficiency-driven economies and innovation-driven countries. This study applies hierarchical logistic regression and uses multilevel modeling for the cross-country, cross-individual dataset. The results reinforce the importance of environmental factors (regulative and normative), attitude factors, and human capital factors. The findings of this proposed study will contribute to the further analysis of the GEM database to understanding the diversity of nascent entrepreneurial activities in different contexts.

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Köbe, Suzana de Fátima. "A função empreendedora-coordenadora da firma." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/70543.

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A velocidade das informações existentes no mundo atual provocam constantes mudanças, em um ambiente imprevisível. Nesse cenário, argumenta-se que a firma, enquanto agente econômico de produção e transação, para permanecer rentável precisa coordenar os seus recursos no intuito de desenvolver inovações para acompanhar essas mudanças e assimilar a complexidade de um mercado no qual os consumidores estão crescentemente mais informados. Com esta visão, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo aprofundar o entendimento que se tem da firma e, em especial, identificar as suas duas dimensões essenciais: a empreendedora e a coordenadora. Pesquisa-se em que medida as firmas são mais empreendedoras e/ou coordenadoras, e no quê estas dimensões resultam. Para tanto, esta pesquisa apoia-se no contexto teórico apresentado por Coase, em 1937, em sua obra The Nature of the Firm. A pesquisa foi conduzida pelo método de estudo de casos múltiplos, aplicado em seis firmas de diferentes áreas e, como técnica, foi utilizada a das entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados evidenciam tanto a existência de uma dimensão empreendedora quanto a de uma dimensão coordenadora. A primeira está relacionada com a tomada de decisão quanto ao desenvolvimento de novas alternativas para a obtenção dos recursos; e a segunda, com a tomada de decisão quanto à alocação mais eficiente destes recursos e às transações a serem feitas no mercado. Portanto, estas dimensões são complementares entre si. As firmas são mais empreendedoras ou mais coordenadoras, na medida da tomada de decisões e das capacidades do empreendedor-coordenador em seus setores de atuação. E, neste contexto, pela dinâmica e inovação adotadas, que passam a ser inerentes à mecânica de seu funcionamento, a firma se torna o agente responsável pela maior parte do comportamento do mercado, enquanto uma eficiente alternativa de coordenação da produção. The current world information speed generates great changes, ocurring into an unpredictable environment. In such a scenary, it can be stated that the firm, considered as an economic agent of production and transactions, in order to remain profitable and competitive, it needs to coordinate its resources aiming to develop innovations both for keeping up with these changes and to assimilate the complexity of a market in which the consumers are increasingly better informed. According to this point of view, the present study aims to achieve a better general comprehension of the firm and, specifically, intends to identify its two essential dimensions: the entrepreneur and the coordinator ones. The research here reported that was focused to what extent the studied firms are more entrepreneur or more coordinator, and what are the results of such dimensions. The present research chief principles are based in the theoretical context brought by Coese, in 1937, in his work The Nature of the Firm. The researching work followed the method of multiple study cases, which was applied in six firms of different areas. The adopted technic was the one of the semistructured interviews. The attained results evidenced both, the entrepreneur dimension as well as the coordinator dimension. The first one of them is related to the decision making process, as considering the development of new alternatives for obtaining the necessary resources; and the second one, to the decision making process on managing the most efficient resources allocation and to the transactions to be made in the market. Therefore, these two dimensions are complementary to one another. The firms are preponderantly entrepreneurs or coordinators, depending on the decision-making and on the professional skills of the entrepreneurcoordinator, in his different operating and acting sectors. Additionally, into this context, and due to the dynamics and innovations adopted, which are inherent to its own functional mechanics, the firm becomes the responsible agent for the most of the market performance, as an efficient tool for coordinating of production.

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Souakri, Anna. "The distinctiveness of entrepreneurs’ experience role in investment screening decisions : what does really matter? : a venture capitalist – entrepreneur’ dyad inquiry." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01E073.

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Le capital risque est une source de première importance pour financer et permettre le développement de jeunes entreprises. La prise de décision des investisseurs en capital-risque (CRs) est un processus décomposé en plusieurs étapes dans lesquelles les caractéristiques des entrepreneurs constituent le critère déterminant de la décision d’accepter ou de rejeter l’entreprise dès le stade préliminaire. Parmi ces caractéristiques, identifier et préciser quels sont les types d’expériences que les CRs prennent le plus en considération est le premier objet de notre recherche. Aussi, à cette étape, la prise de décision des CRs est influencée par leurs caractéristiques subjectives et leurs interactions avec les entrepreneurs qui partagent les mêmes caractéristiques que les leurs. Est-ce que les expériences entrepreneuriales aussi bien des CRs que des entrepreneurs interagissent et biaisent l’évaluation ? Il est notre objectif de répondre à cette question à travers notre étude. Enfin, la constance du taux de rejet peut en partie être causée par des perceptions erronées de la part des entrepreneurs sur les attentes des CRs. A quoi les entrepreneurs estiment-ils que les CRs attribuent davantage d’importance dans leurs évaluations préliminaires ? Nous recherchons la preuve d’une divergence entre les CRs et les entrepreneurs quant à l’évaluation des entrepreneurs, une piste jusqu’alors non exploitée. Nos résultats montrent que l’expérience entrepreneuriale domine dans la décision des CRs au stade préliminaire et que les entrepreneurs ayant déjà connu un échec ne sont pas éliminés d’avance. De plus, nos résultats montrent que les caractéristiques subjectives des CRs influencent leurs évaluations des entrepreneurs, qui sont d’autant plus élevées que les CRs et les entrepreneurs partagent la même expérience entrepreneuriale. Nous avons aussi trouvé une divergence entre les évaluations des CRs et des entrepreneurs. Ces derniers attribuent une plus grande importance aux types d’expériences entrepreneuriales sur lesquelles ils ont du contrôle que les CRs. Ce résultat laisse entendre un biais d’intéressement égocentrique qui pourrait en partie expliquer la très forte proportion de rejet au stade préliminaire. Globalement, notre recherche met en exergue l’importance de l’expérience entrepreneuriale des CRs comme des entrepreneurs, de leurs interactions et de leurs biais cognitifs, produits de leurs expériences propres, pour expliquer le processus de prise de décision des CRs et sa nature fortement sélective Venture capital is a critical source of funding and development of new ventures. The investment decision of venture capitalists (VCs) is a multi-stage assessment process where the entrepreneurs’ characteristics are the most important criteria. We undertook a threefold study to explore the distinctive role played by entrepreneurs’ experience among other characteristics. First, we aim to specify what types of experience really matter to VCs. How do they value different forms of human capital such as education and non-entrepreneurial work experience compared to entrepreneurial experience? Does it vary across VCs with different experience? Our second purpose is to investigate the influence of potential biases among VCs when they share the same experience as entrepreneurs. Third, we compare VCs’ to entrepreneurs’ evaluations with the goal to provide a complementary demand-side explanation – i.e. entrepreneurs - to the consistency of the reject rate, a still unexplored question.We ran a twofold conjoint analysis with active VCs and entrepreneurs. Our results show that if entrepreneurial experience drives primarily the screening decisions, personal VCs’ characteristics influence their evaluations, notably toward entrepreneurs the most similar to themselves. We also find that entrepreneurs with failures are not blacklisted and are preferred to entrepreneurs without failure under some circumstances. When comparing VC’s and entrepreneurs’ evaluations, we find a divergence. Entrepreneurs attribute a larger importance to the types of entrepreneurial experiences they can control than VCs. We suggest that biases caused by their exposition to hubris explained such divergence. Overall, our research points out the importance and the specificity of entrepreneurial experience of both VCs and entrepreneurs, their interactions and the cognitive biases shaped by their respective experiences in explaining the screening decisions and its highly selective nature. We contribute to narrow down the research gap about the relationship between entrepreneurial experience specificity and screening evaluations considering the interactions in the VC – entrepreneur dyad, and, more generally, heuristics in decision-making processes

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Valencia, Alina. "Construction of identity of entrepreneur: implications for training." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669723.

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Actualmente la inestabilidad de la inversión en cosas materiales se hace evidente, la atención ha pasado a centrarse en el capital humano - las personas que crean y desarrollan negocios. Esta investigación propone un estudio profundo de la construcción y cambios de identidad de los emprendedores en base al análisis de su perfil personal y profesional y la influencia de incidentes críticos, siguiendo la “Dialogical Self Theory” lo que contribuirá a aumentar la calidad de vida de los empresarios y la eficacia en sus negocios. Proponemos utilizar una metodología basada en el estudio profundo de la identidad de los empresarios identificando sus “I-positions” en función de sus conceptos y estrategias para enfrentar diferentes incidentes críticos con un alto impacto emocional. Para este propósito, creamos y ampliamos el cuestionario “Encuesta para emprendedores basada en incidentes críticos” que involucró a 430 participantes, empresarios de diferentes países de la UE. El diseño del cuestionario incluye datos cuantitativos y cualitativos. Las situaciones propuestas en la encuesta se refieren principalmente al aspecto psicológico del comportamiento empresarial. La investigación nos ayudó a sistematizar el conocimiento existente sobre los distintos tipos de emprendedores y a crear una lista de los incidentes críticos más comunes en el área del emprendimiento basada en la evaluación experta. Los resultados confirman la importancia de los incidentes críticos para la formación de la identidad empresarial y la existencia de cuatro I-positions (“líderes,” “innovadores,” “luchadores,” “oportunistas”) que definen las estrategias para enfrentar incidentes críticos de acuerdo en un entorno empresarial real. Además, el estudio muestra correlaciones positivas y negativas entre diferentes variables, y también muestra las estrategias de comportamiento empresarial más frecuentes y el impacto emocional de los incidentes críticos en su vida profesional. Como un segundo paso complementario en el estudio de la construcción de la identidad empresarial, realizamos un estudio de caso en profundidad con cuatro participantes de distintos países, con menos de un año de experiencia, representantes de cada I-position según el estudio 1. Las observaciones se realizaron durante seis meses e incluyeron la aplicación de instrumentos tales como entrevistas individuales, Mapping, Journey Plot, Personal Position Repertoire y Coaching. Se mostró la variedad de escenarios para formar la identidad empresarial en la mayoría de los contextos típicos, incluidos los negocios familiares o el comienzo de un negocio propio después de trabajar en una empresa. La implicación del conjunto de herramientas no solo nos ayudó a estudiar el proceso de construcción de la identidad empresarial en la etapa profesional temprana, sino que, además, proporcionó a los participantes apoyo psicológico para desarrollar su flexibilidad en el uso de I-positions para enfrentar incidentes críticos en su forma profesional de acuerdo con los comentarios. Como etapa final de nuestra investigación, creamos un programa “I-DEAL Me: El emprendedor en el que quiero convertirme,” dirigido a la formación de una identidad empresarial equilibrada. Se orienta a favorecer entenderse a sí mismo como emprendedor, su forma de vida y los eventos que conducen a la elección de la profesión del emprendedor, formando las I-positions empresariales y capacitación para afrontar los incidentes críticos más comunes en los negocios para la construcción de identidad del emprendedor equilibrad. El programa fue evaluado y muy apreciado por los expertos por su enfoque actual, metodología y aplicación práctica. Además, consideraron que tiene un alto potencial de desarrollo y aplicación para las diferentes categorías de emprendedores. Los tres estudios de la investigación presentan una visión holística de la construcción de la identidad empresarial dirigida, no solo a la investigación académica, sino también a su utilización práctica por parte de los empresarios. Nowadays, the instability of the investment into material things becomes evident, and the attention is focused on human capital - people who create and develop business. This research assumes the profound study of the construction and changes in the identity of entrepreneurs based on the analysis of their personal and professional way and the influence of critical incidents according to the Dialogical Self Theory (Hermans, Kempen, & van Loon, 1992) leading to increasing the quality of life for entrepreneurs and effectiveness of their business. We propose to use a methodology based on the profound study of entrepreneurs’ identity discovering their I-positions based on their concepts and the strategies for facing different critical incidents with the high emotional impact. For this purpose, we created and expanded the questionnaire “Survey for Entrepreneurs based on Critical Incidents,” which involved 430 participants, entrepreneurs from different EU countries. The design of the questionnaire includes quantitative and qualitative data. In our research, we focused on two types of critical incidents more typical for entrepreneurs: individual and collective cases. Situations proposed in the survey all mostly deal with the psychological aspect of entrepreneurial behavior. The research helped us to systematize existing knowledge of entrepreneurial types and to create a list of most common critical incidents in the entrepreneurship based on the expert evaluation. The main results confirm the high importance of critical incidents for the formation of entrepreneurial identity and existence of four identity I-positions (“leaders,” “innovators,” “fighters,” “opportunists”) which define the strategies of facing critical incidents according to these positions in a real business environment. Besides, study shows positive and negative correlations between different factors as gender, entrepreneurial experience, and educational level. It also shows the strategies of entrepreneurial behavior and emotional impact of the critical incidents on their professional life. As the second step of the studying of the construction of the entrepreneurial identity, we made a profound case-study of four participants – the representatives of each I-position according to Study 1 – the entrepreneurs with less than one-year experience from different countries. The observation was held within six months and included applying such instruments as an interview, Mapping, Journey plot, Personal Position Repertoire, and coaching. It showed the variety of scenarios of forming the entrepreneurial identity in most typical contexts, including family business or starting own business after working for the company or freelance. We can see that the implication of the set of the tools not only helped us to study the process of the construction of the entrepreneurial identity on the early professional stage but meanwhile to provide the participants with psychological support leading to the development of their flexibility in using I-positions for facing critical incidents on their professional way. As a final stage of our research, we created a program “I-DEAL Me: The entrepreneur whom I want to become,” aimed at the formation of the balanced entrepreneurial identity. It is concentrated on the understanding oneself as an entrepreneur, his lifeway and the events leading to the choosing the profession of the entrepreneur, forming the entrepreneurial I-position and training to face most common critical incidents in business for the construction of the balanced entrepreneurial identity. The program was evaluated and highly appreciated by the experts for its streamlined approach, methodology, and practical use. Besides that, it has a high potential for developing and application for the different categories of entrepreneurs. All three studies of the research present the holistic vision of the construction of the entrepreneurial identity, targeting not only for the academic research but for the practical use.

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Forster-Holt, Nancy. "Entrepreneur as "End"repreneur: The Intention to Retire." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2011. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/Forster-HoltN2011.pdf.

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Goliath, Jasmine Estonia. "Establishing perceptions of an entrepreneur using word associations." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020785.

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Entrepreneurship as a source of economic growth and competitiveness as well as job creation and the advancement of social interests is well documented. Despite these important contributions to the economies of countries, a shortage of entrepreneurial activity exists across borders and specifically in developing countries such as South Africa. The purpose of this study was to determine the perception and image of an entrepreneur in the eyes of various stakeholders. The reasoning behind this was that if the image of an entrepreneur could be determined, one could establish whether the image positively or negatively influences entrepreneurial intentions as well as potential future entrepreneurial activity. More specifically, the primary objective was to identify the perception and image that potential entrepreneurs (students) and existing entrepreneurs (small business owners) have of an entrepreneur. In the body of knowledge or general literature on entrepreneurship, the most commonly discussed topics are the nature and importance of entrepreneurship, the attributes (personality traits, characteristics and skills) associated with an entrepreneur, various push and pull factors, various rewards and drawbacks of such a career and the challenges entrepreneurs face. It is these aspects of entrepreneurship that stakeholders will most likely have been exposed to, and that most possibly have influenced their perception and image of an entrepreneur. The aforementioned aspects provided an overview of the theoretical body of knowledge on which the perception and image of an entrepreneur is based. The present study adopted a qualitative research paradigm with a phenomenological approach to achieve the research objectives of the study. Within this context, the study made use of a qualitative method for data collection and a quantitative method for data analysis. As such, a mixed methods approach was adopted. More specifically, a qualitative dominant mixed research method was implemented. A continuous word association test, which is a projective technique, was adopted as the qualitative means of data collection. This test involved asking participants to recall the words that come to mind when presented with the word “entrepreneur”. This method was selected because of its ability to reveal both affective and cognitive associations with the concept “entrepreneur”. A quantitative summative (manifest) content analysis was used as the quantitative research method for analysing the data. The continuous word association test was conducted among three sample groups, namely students prior to commencing, and students after completing a module in entrepreneurship, and small business owners. Student and small business owner participants were asked to write down as many words or phrases as possible that came to mind when they thought of the word “entrepreneur”, which was the stimulus word, within a ten-minute period. These responses were then collated and coded by developing a coding framework based on brand image and entrepreneurship literature. In studies on brand image, the components of image are considered to be tristructured in nature, consisting of cognitive (what the individual knows), affective (how the individual feels) and holistic (overall symbolism, combination of affective and cognitive) evaluations. The words generated by the participants in this study were broadly coded according to these categories and further subcategorised by searching for themes within the broad categories, which was facilitated and guided by an in-depth investigation of the entrepreneurship literature. The findings of this study show that the words generated by all three groups of participants were mostly of a cognitive nature, followed by words of a general or affective nature. As such, the vast majority of words generated by all three groups related to what the participants knew about an entrepreneur (cognitive) versus how they felt about one (affective), and were grounded in the management or entrepreneurship literature. When comparing the top ten words most frequently associated with the term “entrepreneur” by the three groups of participants, the attribute risk-taker was the most frequently recalled word among all three groups. Students prior to undertaking the entrepreneurship module associated an entrepreneur with being creative and a risk-taker, having a business enterprise and being involved in the selling of goods and services. Students after completing the module in entrepreneurship associated an entrepreneur with being profit-orientated, a risk-taker, innovative and original, and being opportunistic. Small business owners, on the other hand, associated an entrepreneur with being a risk-taker, innovative and original, goal- and achievement-orientated and profit-orientated. The findings show that all groups of participants associated an entrepreneur principally with certain attributes rather than with learned skills and competencies, and that all groups had a more positive than negative image of an entrepreneur. It was also found that exposure to entrepreneurship literature has an influence on the perception and image that students have of an entrepreneur. Because the words recalled by students after completing the entrepreneurship module were more in line with those recalled by small business owners, than with those recalled by students before starting the module, it can be suggested that entrepreneurship literature contributes to a more realistic image of an entrepreneur among students. This study has contributed to the field of entrepreneurship research by adopting a qualitative dominant research paradigm in conjunction with quantitative research methods to explore the complexity of the term “entrepreneur”. Furthermore, this study has been able to establish how individuals feel about entrepreneurship, in terms of being either positive or negative, by adding an affective aspect to the cognitive aspect of entrepreneurial decision-making. By conducting a continuous word association test among students prior to beginning and after completing a module in entrepreneurship, the entrepreneurial knowledge of students before being exposed to entrepreneurship literature was established, and subsequently the effectiveness of the entrepreneurship module determined. It is hoped that the findings of this study have added value to the entrepreneurship body of knowledge and can be used in future studies as a tool to address the problem of low entrepreneurial intention and activity among South Africans. Furthermore, it is hoped that by creating a positive image of an entrepreneur, entrepreneurship as a desirable career choice can be promoted and an entrepreneurial culture developed within communities and broader society.

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Lee, Pui-yin Michael, and 李沛賢. "A case study of a Hong Kong entrepreneur." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31264360.

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CARRARA, VIRGINIA ALVES. "SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR`S RESPONSIBILITY: SOCIAL INTERVENTION AND CONFLICT." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2010. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=16545@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO O presente trabalho estuda a atuação social dos empresários, comumente denominada de responsabilidade social empresarial - RSE -, a partir do pressuposto de que esta intervenção social, antes de ser uma novidade na atuação dos empresários, conta com uma longa trajetória que remonta aos primórdios do desenvolvimento industrial no país. Nesta trajetória, foram estruturados diferentes modelos de intervenção que aqui são identificados como controle, incorporação e gerenciamento do social. Cada um deles expressa tanto o enfrentamento da relação capital x trabalho como a busca de legitimação do processo de acumulação, ao nível interno de sua força produtiva, como externamente envolvendo em escalas crescentes o conjunto da sociedade. A pesquisa foi estruturada em duas grandes frentes de investigação: uma primeira de perfil documental e bibliográfico buscou reconstituir a trajetória sócio-histórica da atuação social dos empresários. A segunda voltou-se para a compreensão de suas formas de ação frente às novas determinações do capitalismo contemporâneo. Ainda que, analisando processos mais amplos, este estudo focaliza uma empresa hoje multinacional, com marcante atuação no âmbito da RSE, cuja evolução produtiva percorreu os diferentes modelos de intervenção social aqui identificado. Considerando nossa hipótese de que um dos elementos fundamentais da RSE é estruturar, também, uma contraface à emergência de conflitos internos e externos aos interesses do capital, o estudo pautou-se pela identificação da manifestação contraditória entre intervenção e conflito social. Foi utilizado instrumental disponível pelas mídias digitais (internet, sites institucionais e outros endereços eletrônicos) com ênfase no YouTube, considerando-o como um modo de comunicação áudio-visual que dá visibilidade aos interesses e condições de vida de grupos sociais e sistemas ambientais atingidos (e prejudicados) pelo avanço da produção generalizada de mercadorias. The present thesis studies entrepreneurs social responsibility from the standpoint that their social intervention, instead of being a novelty, is anchored in a long tradition that stretches back to the beginnings of Brazil s industrial development. The different models of intervention developed in this tradition are here identified as incorporation and management control of the social question. Each model expresses the way capital-work relation was coped and the search for legitimacy of the accumulation process at the internal level of its productive force, on the one hand, and at the external level envolving increasingly all society, on the other hand. The reseach was lead in two major fronts: firstly, a documentary and litterary investigation sought to reconstruct the socio-historical path of the social actions of entrepreneurs. Secondly, it turned to the understanding of their forms of action in the face of new determinations of contemporary capitalism. While analyzing broader processes, this study focuses on a Brazilian multinational company which has today significant activity in the evolution of CSR, and whose history toured the different models of social intervention identified here. Considering our hypothesis that one of the basic structure of CSR is also to oppose the emergence of internal and external conflicts concerning the interests of capital, the study was guided by the identification of the outbreak contradiction between intervention and social conflict. Sources included many digital media available in internet, corporate websites and other email addresses, with emphasis on YouTube, considered as a way of audio-visual communication that has been giving visibility to the interests and living conditions of social groups and environmental systems affected and affected by the advance of generalized commodity production.

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Tidmarsh, Jillian Wendy. "Starting to entrepreneur : processes of becoming self-employed." Thesis, Durham University, 2002. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1250/.

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This thesis is based upon research conducted in the North East of England during the years 1996 to 1998. It is about what it has been like for some "entrepreneurial" actors to become self-employed. The interest Originated in the author's own experience of self-employment. Her memories contrast with what it was like to be a student of sociology, giving rise to questions which drove her back into the field of self-employment, this time as a - sometimes - participant observer. The thesis begins with an overview of the sociological and business schools' literature about small to medium sized enterprises and entrepreneurs. This provides the reader with the context in which self-employment tends to be understood, and the context in which self-employed actors produce their self-employment. In the data chapters, the self-employed actors are introduced in terms of their context, as entered into and explored by the author. Biography is important in these chapters, as our understanding of the processes of becoming and doing self-employment are enlarged. The author's way of understanding the processes involved in developing a self-employed self and doing self-employment is to treat the project as located in a liminal and underconstructed part of a socially constructed world. Using frame analysis, the author asserts that self-employment requires greater constructive efforts on the part of the actor, and a greater sensitivity - a heightened consciousness - throughout the business development stage. There is not always a readily apprehensible work context available to the self-employed actor, or pre-determined role for them to adopt or emulate. Furthermore in the struggle to set up ways of being and doing self-employment, the actor is often not at liberty to drop all other roles and obligations. In sum, there is little about entrepreneuring that may be taken for granted.

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Cadima, José Pedro Gameiro. "What makes an entrepreneur?: The role of feelings." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9535.

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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics This study uses a sample of 678 observations from the Community Innovation Survey 6 (CIS6) plus the Leadership Module attached in Portugal wherein 55.93% of the respondents are business Owners. It focuses on recent literature on Entrepreneurship to understand how the perceived importance of Personality Traits and Social Ties influence the decision-making process of the Entrepreneur towards an Intuitive or an Analytical Approach. It gets statistical significant values for the Founder/Sample in the traits, and for strong ties in the Founder/Owner Model shows statistical significance.

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Sriatanaprapai, Nutapun. "Development of a new idea from the Medici Effect as an innovation for two entrepreneurs' business : 5 case studies and experiments with Bakery and Knitting entrepreneur." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-10351.

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Sriratanaprapai, Nutapun. "Development of a new idea from the Medici Effect as an innovation for two entrepreneurs’ business : 5 case studies and experiments with Bakery and Knitting entrepreneur." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-10431.

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Dahl, Wiktor, and Alexander Tillman. "Vad påverkar möjligheterna till en framgångsrik crowdfunding-kampanj?" Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-12769.

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För entreprenörer som arbetar med projekt i en "start up"- fas kan det vara svårt att lyckas med finansieringen. Detta beror på att det inte finns någon ekonomisk historik att visa upp för finansiärerna. För att lyckas få in tillräckligt med kapital för att kunna finansiera ett projekt kan man vända sig till olika typer av investerare. De vanligaste sättet är att man antingen vänder sig till banker, venture capital-bolag eller affärsänglar. Vad som motiverar dessa aktörer är olika, men det gemensamma för dessa aktörer är att det är svårt att få dem att investera i ett projekt. Under senare tid har det dock skapats ett nytt sätt för entreprenörer att få in kapital till sina projekt. Detta nya fenomen kallas för crowdfunding, vilket innebär att entreprenörer lägger ut sina projekt på internet. Entreprenören beskriver sig själv, sitt projekt och motiverar vad pengarna ska användas till. Sedan har vem som helst möjlighet att investera valfri summa till projektet, som motprestation får finansiären någon form av belöning. Crowdfunding har under de senaste åren blivit mer och mer populärt och fler entreprenörer väljer att använda sig av det. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka vilka faktorer som lockar individer till att satsa kapital i crowdfunding-projekt. Studien har baserats på information från 260 stycken projekt där olika faktorer har tagits fram som kan tänkas påverka möjligheten att lyckas. Dessa faktorer baseras på entreprenören, projektets produkt samt investerarens avkastningen. Entrepreneurs that are in a "start-up" phase within a project they are working on finds it hard to find investors. This could appear within almost every project when a financial history don't exist to show the investors. If a project successfully wants to be financed there are different ways and options to explore. One can turn to either venture capital or business angels. What motivates these investors varies in different projects. What the investors all have in common is that it's hard to get them to invest in a project. During the last years there have been a new way for entrepreneurs to raise capital, called crowdfunding. Through crowdfunding, entrepreneurs can add their project/projects online on websites. The entrepreneurs describes themselves, their project and what the money will be used to. Through these websites it's open for the public to donate an amount of money in to the project and in return the investor gets some form of reward. This form of investment has become more and more common throughout the years and today there are many investment made with this method. This study is a research that shows which factors whom makes the investors interested to invest in a crowdfunding- project. The study is based on information from 260 different projects were we were able to discover some factors which can increase the possibility to succeed. These factors are based on the entrepreneur, the projects product and the investors return.

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Lundqvist, Oscar, and Rowe Robert. "Kvinnliga entreprenörer : och relationer till manliga och kvinnliga normer." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-26300.

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line of business/industry and family, to more clearly discern how male and female norms are acquired among female entrepreneurs. The purpose of this study was to gain a greater understanding and knowledge of women's conditions regarding entrepreneurship, in relation to society's norms. The study is based on a textual thematic analyses, using two themes derived from Helene Ahls “The Scientific Reproduction of Gender Inequality. A Discourse Analysis of Research Texts on Women`s Entrepreneurship”. The themes selected for this study were industry and family, which were two important themes in Helene Ahl’s research. The themes were applied using articles, in which female entrepreneurs were interviewed or portrayed. We used different sources but have mainly used the magazine Entreprenör to collect samples for the study. The theoretical framework used for this study is based mainly on Yvonne Hirdmans gender system and gender contract, we also added theories from Elvin-Nowak & Thomsson concerning horizontal and vertical segregation and Patrica Lewis theories on gender blindness. The main conclusion for this study was that there is a difference between entrepreneurs and how they present and relate to male and female norms in regard to industry and family. We found that entrepreneurs who run large companies or act in male-dominated industries show tendencies of acquiring male norms and standards while entrepreneurs who run small companies or act in female-dominated industries tend to acquire female norms.

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JOHANSSON, JESPER. "Entreprenörer i en konsultroll : Att erbjuda innovation och nya affärsområden." Thesis, KTH, Industriell Management, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-153769.

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Entreprenörer har egenskaper och förmågor som är attraktiva för många företag, bland annat har de ofta en kreativ sida som kan utveckla mycket innovativa produkter och tjänster. Samtidigt är entreprenörer drivstarka, kundorienterade, har ett uttalat affärssinne och ser oftast möjligheter istället för problem. Detta arbete gjordes för att undersöka hur entreprenörer skulle kunna påverka företag och om de skulle vara intresserade av att anlita en entreprenörkonsult. Man skulle alltså kunna placera en entreprenör i en konsultroll, för att sedan hjälpa företag att utveckla nya, innovativa produkter och tjänster. Undersökningen har gjorts genom en blandning av litteraturstudier och intervjuer, där personer från företag som Atlas Copco, Electrolux, Ericsson och Oracle har fått ge sin syn på området. Arbetet har utförts med hjälp av Semcon AB, där även intervjuer har gjorts med konsulter för att undersöka problemet från olika vinklar. Resultatet definierar hur en entreprenör kan användas som konsult och vilka egenskaper som är attraktiva för företag att ta till vara på. Dessutom berörs begrepp som intraprenörskap och innovation, där kopplingar görs till hur dessa förstärker företagens konkurrenskraft samtidigt som det underbygger entreprenörkonsultens möjligheter. Entrepreneurs have characteristics that are extremely attractive for many companies, amongother things; they often have a very creative side which can produce innovative products and services. Meanwhile, entrepreneurs are driven to succeed, customer-oriented and do usually see possibilities instead of problems. This study was done to investigate how entrepreneurs could affect companies and if they would be interested in hiring an entrepreneur-consultant. The study was conducted through a combination of literature studies and interviews, where people from companies such as AtlasCopco, Electrolux, Ericsson, and Oracle have given their view of the subject. The study has been performed with help from Semcon AB, where interviews were conducted with consultants to examine the problem from different angles. The results define how an entrepreneur can be used as a consultant and the skills that are attractive for companies to take advantage of. In addition, terms like intrapreneurship and innovation are analyzed. Connections are made between these two and how they enhance he competitiveness of firms at the same time as it enhance the possibilities of the entrepreneurconsultant

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Thumm, Aiko, and Michelle Hartmann. "How do extrinsic factors influence the decision of young adults to become an entrepreneur?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-74611.

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‘How do extrinsic factors influence the decision of young adults to become an entrepreneur?’ Michelle Hartmann and Aiko Thumm, 2018: Applied Double Degree Bachelor, Linnaeus University Växjö, Sweden and ICN Business School Nancy, France. Even though governments all over the world are putting a spotlight on entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship as a whole, the motivations of why to become a venture creator is rarely touched upon. In general, there are two forms of possible influences on entrepreneurial intentions, namely intrinsic and extrinsic drivers. In order to further describe the phenomenon of extrinsic factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions, this study aims to describe the interplay of three extrinsic factors for venture creation. These three factors are entrepreneurship enhancing education, role models as well as influence of opportunity and necessity. A descriptive, qualitative study has been chosen for that purpose. During semi-structured interviews, the narrative story of the six participants is told. The findings revolve around the narratives of the respondents’ propositions towards the three aforementioned extrinsic factors. This paper shows that the present educational system only partially conveys necessary knowledge and entrepreneurial skills. Furthermore, this study suggests, that there is more than only a positively influencing role model, videlicet, a negative example representing things the young adult does not want to become. In addition, the study depicts the predicament of a clear differentiation between necessity and opportunity entrepreneurship. Lastly this paper concludes, that more than one factor are motivational drivers for young entrepreneurs and therefore opens a wide research area for future fellow entrepreneurship researchers.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Entrepreneur'

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