Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Entreprise de morale'
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Levac, Julien. "De la démocratie en entreprise." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27002/27002.pdf.
Full textDegas, Catherine. "La morale dans l'entreprise et le contrat de travail." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA4015.
Full textMorals refer to what relates to habits, human beings’ attitudes, as well as codes of conduct and their justifications. For some years now, companies have been publicly asserting their commitment to moral values, in order to improve their image. Some of them attempt to impose them upon their employees, sometimes subject to penalties. The question is whether employees, bound to perform the contract of employment in good faith, according to the provisions of Articles 1134 of the Civil Code and L. 1222-1 of the Labour Code, are obliged to adhere to the moral values of the company which employs them? On the one hand, some commercially oriented companies issue codes of ethics, along with whistle blowing policies, for which the question of their legality is raised. Companies of an ideological nature also ask their employees to abide by moral standards which the former aim to defend. On the other hand, labour law also requires that employers and their employees comply with moral obligations. Some of them relate specifically to each of the co-contractors. Thus, employers have the obligation to respect the dignity, as well as the fundamental rights and freedoms of employees, in particular in their personal life. The latter must avoid, in principle, engaging in behaviour which is contrary to commonly accepted morals in our society, and creating characterised disorder within the company. Employers and employees also have joint obligations with moral connotations, such as obligations relating to loyalty or security
Delécolle, Thierry. "Le comportement de consommation professionnelle du dirigeant de très petite entreprise : approche par la relation client et les déterminants individuels." Paris 9, 2009. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2009PA090078.
Full textVery small firms deserve a particular attention considering their number, their contribution to the French gross domestic product and considering their status of professional customer for a large number of suppliers. The manager’s centrality in very small firm is at the origin of a confusion between the very small firm and the individual who steers it. This research develops a detailed understanding of the behavior of consumption of the manager under the double angle of the customer / supplier relationship on one hand and individual determiners in its behavior on the other hand. The concept of personal guidance / professional of the leader of very small firm is defined and a scale(ladder) of measure is proposed. A conceptual framework derived of the ethics individual is mobilized for establishing the validity of this scale in the context of the leaders of hairdressing salon
Cornic, Anita. "La pratique du chant choral en Angleterre, pilier d'une entreprise moralisatrice à destination des classes populaires, 1840-1901." Rennes 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN20025.
Full textThis study undertakes to analyse to what extent the creation of amateur choral societies in Victorian England derived from an attempt by the middle classes to control popular leisure. Convinced not only of the educational but also of the moral functions of this pastime, they hoped to offset social unrest and fight endemic alcoholism in the new industrialized society. Popular singing classes took place in mechanics' institutes, in temperance societies, at church or chapel. Many choral societies, whose membership was drawn from singing classes, became the flag bearers of ideological or religious groups. The success of the festivals that ensued followed the development of means of transport and of a simplified sight-singing method, Tonic Sol-fa. The phenomenon we have undertaken to study, which is pervaded by a form of philanthropy verging on paternalism and backed by the " self-help " principle, questions class relationships in the cultural - here musical - area
Leseur, Alexia. "L'équité de l'allocation initiale de permis d'émission négociables de gaz à effet de serre à des entreprises : un éclairage du choix public par la philosophie morale et l'analyse économique." Phd thesis, Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPXX0054.
Full textDemeyere, Dominique. "Personnalité morale et droit des entreprises en difficulté." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100130.
Full textCaussé, Nadège. "La valeur juridique des chartes d'entreprise au regard du droit du travail français : contribution à l'étude de l'aspect social et éthique de l'activité des entreprises." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX32047.
Full textShyyab, Fuad. "La société unipersonnelle." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833679.
Full textDryancour, Gilles. "Les entreprises et l'éthique économique." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX32046.
Full textBedouhene, Sophia. "Les aspects juridiques du harcèlement moral dans les entreprises." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE0046.
Full textLassarade, Carine. "Le discours éthique de l'entreprise : vers une éthique de la communication en entreprise." Bordeaux 3, 2004. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=2005BOR30029.
Full textThis thesis is a problematical for ethics. Whilst wanting to determine the concept of corporate social responsibility, we linked the fields of sociology, linguistics, philosophy, and communications with the fields of applications-namely, a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods, with the aim of validating the following postulation: that the new citizenship is based on the abandonment of a mythical communication leading to an ethical communication which calls for a change in its relationship to responsibility, development and science. Our quantitative investigation proposes, with a selection of companies in Aquitaine, to account for their design of ethics through their practical application of concepts such as that of sustainable development or fair trade. A qualitative body of press articles supplements our analysis. In a society which defines performance as a central value, does the pragmatic framework of values which aims at replacing the constraint, fulfil the same function? Does "Ethics" per se not become a new categorical imperative with political and economic views, bringing a new response to risk and creates a sense of progress in a company which considers, for the time being, that the only possible attitude of precaution will guarantee it? Up to what point could freedom of expression versus freedom of reception see the emergence of a new form of responsibility from the new rules of rhetoric? We conclude that this ethical communication is now assimilated to an exercise of argumentative style where the consensus becomes an ideal of communication -even a myth
Nedelec, Gaëlle. "Les chartes de déontologie des entreprises." Amiens, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AMIE0054.
Full textArnal, Juliette Barreau Jocelyne Monnier Jean-Marie. "La normalisation sociale et environnementale et les relations inter-entreprises." Rennes : Université Rennes 2, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00269046/fr.
Full textMarini, Gilles. "La gestion du risque pénal par les entreprises privées." Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX32022.
Full textThe new french penal code founds the criminal liability of the incorporated bodies. This new statute creates a hierarchy between vicarious liability and the criminal liability of the incorporated bodies. The manager has to assume the criminal risk in his daily administration. He has to fit up a decentralisation of power in the enterprise by delegation of authority. This decentralisation goes with a joint-management. The purpose is to part, the incorporated body from its manager who made the offence in order to attenuate its guilt and to avoid an economically maladjusted penalty. In fact, his administration requires human and financial resources. So only big firms will be able to fight with criminal risk. In the case of a small firm, the manager has to try to attenuate his own liability by arguing about a "general policy of the enterprise", new case of criminal irresponsibility
Bouvard, Florence. "L'écran de la personnalité morale à l'épreuve du droit des procédures collectives." Paris 13, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA131021.
Full textGourdon, Olivier. "Les bases légales de la protection de l'intégrité physique et morale de l'entreprise." Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MARN0067.
Full textCourrent, Jean-Marie. "Ethique de gestion : essai de description par les atttitudes des dirigeants de petites entreprises." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON10013.
Full textThis research rests on the state of the art about business ethics and two surveys on the managers of small firms (less than 50 employees) : one qualitative survey in 28 organizations, one quantitative survey in 194 organizations. It appears that ethics can be defined as stakeholders' interests hierarchy, as moral judge represents it. The description of french business ethics shows the existence of an impact of some personal contingency factors on actors' moral principles. But organizational factors seem to have no real influence
Renucci, Antoine. "Architecture financière et problèmes d'aléa moral." Toulouse 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU10055.
Full textThis dissertation examines the financial architecture of firms. It focuses on information asymmetry between managers, headquarters or shareholders
Pignarre, Pascal. "La répression pénale des atteintes à l'environnement causées par les entreprises." Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE0020.
Full textDroin, Evelyne. "Les personnes morales de droit public dans les procédures collectives." Paris 9, 1996. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1996PA090049.
Full textPublic legal entities have based their right to intervene in the growing number of company winding up proceedings on a legal framework and conditions. This is an example of economic law which has led to transgression of the limits between public and private law. The liability of public legal entities is invoked more and more because of their interventions: the legal foundations of this liability are examined here. Secondly, public legal entities are sometimes parties to winding up proceedings when they are creditors. They therefore have a special role, but their rights have been changed and study of positive law shows that public and private interests are balanced. Furthermore, although public legal entities cannot be debtors in winding up proceedings, some de facto situations are examined and a possible financial adjustment procedure is suggested for them. Finally, because the state and local authorities use private organizations as tools for their economic interventionism, it is difficult, indeed impossible in practice, to apply law governing winding up proceedings, which stem from a mixture of private and public law
Larifla, Karyne. "L'Entreprise associative : contribution au droit des groupements." Antilles-Guyane, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AGUY0162.
Full textThe rising introduction of associations in economic matters is of the most significant contemporary changes known in the associtive sphere. This phenomenom was and is still welcomed with reservations. First of all,the legality of associative firm was and is still welcomed with reservations. First of all,the legality of associative firm was debated. Wasn't this firm a result of the denaturationof association?The answer to this question must be negative. One must not mix association with freedom of association. Indeed, the first enables to practice the latter. In fact,1901'S law forbides to share the profitsprovided by the association,but allows to look for them. The association,from à legal point of view, can have an economic vocation. Now,the debate has taken another direction. The question is to know if the association is safe enough for an economic activity. Jurists criticize it for not giving guarantees as for organizations and patrimony. However,this point is revealig the insufficiencies of legal entity's common law. This common law was developped from company law and reproduce its weaknesses
Larrouy, Muriel. "L'invention de l'accessibilité. Des politiques de transports des personnes handicapées aux politiques d'accessibilité des transports urbains de voyageurs en France de 1975 à 2005." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00165138.
Full textCes notions nous ont permit de révéler les ressorts du changement intervenu dans les politiques déployées. Celles-ci passent de deux ensembles de solutions construites en faveur de populations médicalement identifiées comme handicapées à des solutions intégrées, disponibles pour tous, cohabitant avec du transport spécialisé. L'évolution est rendue possible par la conjonction de facteurs conceptuels, techniques et législatifs utilisés par un réseau de militants pour imposer un traitement intégré de l'accessibilité. Celui-ci est devenu une référence standard et est institutionnalisé dans la loi du 11 février 2005 pour l'égalité des chances. Le premier type d'accessibilité est intimement lié au référentiel du handicap alors que le second possède son propre référentiel et s'est autonomisé vis à vis du handicap. Il y a eu invention de l'accessibilité comme nouvelle forme sociale révélatrice d'une conception du traitement de l'altérité dans notre société. Ses formes nous éclairent sur la façon d'envisager la place des personnes handicapées dans la société.
Bouzoungoula, Joseph Guichaoua André. "Micro-entreprises, commerçants et socialités dans un quartier urbain de Brazzaville." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. https://iris.univ-lille1.fr/dspace.
Full textPellé-Culpin, Isabelle. "Du paradoxe de la diffusion d'information environnementale par les entreprises européennes." Paris 9, 1998. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1998PA090034.
Full textThis thesis studies the determining factors for environmental reporting by major European companies (German, British, French). In a first step of our research, we raise a paradox. Indeed, as far as environmental reporting is concerned neither legal obligations, nor instructions of neo, classical economy do exist. However, our review of literature, and a detailed content analysis of a sample of annual reports establish the existence of environmental reporting practices. The content analysis was undertaken on 81 large European companies in highly polluting industries. Beyond this newly defined paradox, we use stakeholder’s theory to explain environmental reporting. A questionnaire was used in this second step of our research. It was sent to our sample's companies. The results show a small perception of the shareholders' demand for environmental information. On the contrary, ethical stakeholders seem to have great demand, but they are not the privileged target of the companies. Finally, this research points out the high level of complexity of environmental reporting processes. It suggests the necessity of using a theoretical framework going beyond the purely economic aspects of this reporting
Liberti, Lahra. "Entreprises et droits de l'homme : le problème de la responsabilité entre droit international et droit interne." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010286.
Full textArnal, Juliette. "La normalisation sociale et environnementale et les relations inter-entreprises." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00269046.
Full textL'éthique de l'entreprise satisfait une demande de repérage et d'affirmation de règles communes relatives à la sphère économique. La formalisation de l'éthique permet à la firme de l'intégrer à ses politiques. Les normes éthiques, outils spécifiques de formalisation, établissent un compromis entre la recherche d'une attitude responsable, un état de la technique et les contraintes économiques. L'intérêt porté aux normes éthiques se justifie par le fait qu'elles représentent des modes de régulation originaux des relations inter-entreprises sur le plan de la coordination et des échanges. Trois caractéristiques de ces normes sont à mettre en perspective : elles sont de nature hétérogène, en plein foisonnement et traduisent une régulation de la sphère privée par elle-même. Dans ce contexte l'éthique de l'entreprise est loin d'être neutre en termes de régulation des fournisseurs et des sous-traitants et plus généralement en termes de rôle de l'entreprise dans la société. L'utilisation de ces normes éthiques révèle une segmentation entre des fournisseurs primaires et secondaires. Les normes éthiques créent de la confiance pour certains et instrumentent la dépendance pour d'autres. Ces pratiques sont confirmées dans une perspective institutionnelle par les modes de construction des normes et les zones d'influence qu'elles créent. Les entreprises, les Etats et les organisations internationales interviennent dans la structuration de l'architecture internationale de la normalisation éthique. Cette architecture révèle le pouvoir structurel de la normalisation en tant que moyen de régulation des relations inter-firmes et du capitalisme.
Barraud, de Lagerie Pauline. "Les patrons de la vertu : entrepreneurs de morale et instruments de mesure dans la construction de la responsabilité sociale des entreprises." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0012.
Full textThis thesis deals with the construction of Western companies’ responsibility regarding working conditions in the factories of their Southern suppliers. Since the 1990’s, new activist movements have emerged, calling on companies to ensure decent working conditions for the workers who produce the goods they sell. The first part of the dissertation focuses on the « demand for virtue ». First we analyse, from an historical perspective, the bases of companies’ responsibility for the well-being of their suppliers’ employees. Then, we examine how a French activist network organized the denunciation and sanction of firms. The second part dwells upon the main answer of companies to criticism, namely the implementation of social audits. This part is based on a case study of an initiative launched by European companies. We investigate the instrumentation of auditing, the practices of auditors, and how they are criticized by activist organizations. We intend to shed light on the moral values that underlie the technical choices made by actors involved in social audits. As an epilogue, the last chapter introduces the project of an Iso 26000 standard. This new arena has initially been conceived as an end to the dialectic movement of criticism and counter-criticism. At the crossroads of moral sociology, of economic sociology, of social movements studies and of the analysis of management tools, this thesis describes the first steps of a process that may lead to the development of a new mode of regulation of the working conditions in international trade exchanges
Falque, Alain. "Principes du sens moral ordinaire : Etude exploratoire de critères méconnus de l'évaluation de la performance sociale des entreprises." Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON10052.
Full textFilareto, Marie-Christine. "Décision de crédit-bail-emprunt bancaire et risque moral : étude des interactions offre et demande de financement." Lille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIL20017.
Full textThis research compares banking debt and financial leasing and deals with two areas. First, we analyse the determinants of leasing policy for the lessor and the lessee and then the external financing structures of firms. We consider the consequences of a leasing decision for the unsecured creditor. The literature background and a qualitative analysis with interviews show the main role of the property right for the lessor. It exters an influence on financing supply. The lessor considers both firm quality and asset quality. So the interest rate will depend on these two factors. The influence on the two kinds of risks has been confirmed in an empirical study on contrac027740781tual data. For firms, advantages of leasing and its availability explain the choice of financing. .
Ntep, Massing Felix Pauligard. "Ethique et dirigeant camerounais : le cas de TPE à Douala." Montpellier 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON10002.
Full textChaplais, Christelle. "Formation et déontologie de l'auditeur." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAD012.
Full textAs part of the exercise of their profession, auditors are confronted with situations involving ethical dilemmas. We wonder if training can influence his or her ethical reasoning and the perception of the dilemma. Therefore, we conducted an experiment to determine if an ethics course had an influence on their ethical reasoning process and their perception of the moral intensity of ethical issues. The results show that training increases the ability to identify an ethical dilemma, but seems to limit its perceived intensity. On the other hand, counter-intuitively, training appears to decrease the intention to act strictly in accordance with deontological codes, in favor of an action more consistent with the personal ethics of the auditor. A qualitative study based on semi-directive interviews with experienced auditors supports these results. Discussions with supervisors or with peers and experience are ways of learning that complement theoretical training and influence the ethical intent of auditors, sometimes moving them away from a response that is strictly in accordance with the rules of law
Renouard, Cécile. "Multinationales industrielles et développement durable des pays du Sud : de quoi rendre responsables les entreprises multinationales ?" Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0100.
Full textHow can multinational corporations contribute to the substainable development of developing countries ? Embezzling capitalism in a global social and political project encompasses the combination of utopianism (the aim of intra- and trans-generational justice) and strategy taking into account the clashes of interests within the economic and political spheres. Substainable Development involves a redefinition of the different kinds of responsability for corporations : economic, social, societal, political. Multinationals should also pay attention to the cultural aspect of development. The search of worldwide implementation of sustainable development implies the ethical education of the elites and the assessment of the global role of States and institutions in order to define the compulsory aspect of corporate social responsability. The reflection inspired by Michaël Walzer is supported by studies of four companies' activities (Total, Unilever, Lafarge and Michelin) in Kenya and Nigeria
Bourguele, Bhare Alfred. "Les sociétés transnationales et le droit international des droits de l'homme : une contribution à l'étude de la responsabilité des STN en droits de l'Homme." Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE0060.
Full textUntil recently, liability in the field of human rights had only been considered with respect to individuals. Yet, the current economical context reveals a new aspect of the liability matter in the area of human rights. Indeed, violations of human rights are not only held on the account of sovereign states or individuals, but also firms especially transnational coporations. The purpose of our research is to aim at contributing to the study of liability of transnational corporations in international human rights law. The current evolution of transnational corporations is characterized by a state of impunity in international law. The legal framing of these entities lies on soft law, in other words, on a non-restricting normative corpus made up of codes of conduct. These codes of conduct have on one hand an internal basis when they are established by independent groups such as the International Labor Organization (ILO) and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). These non-restricting measures cannot respond to the concerns relating to human rights protection in the sphere of transnational corporations. Therefore, a restricting regulation in this area is needed. This is the undergoing perspective which is notably currently undertaken by the project of the United Nations including norms relating to the accountability of transnational corporations in the field of human rights. This pilot project is far from reaching perfection for it does not take into account several legal concepts inherent to the liability of transnational corporations. This includes concepts such as common liability of head firms along with their branches and subcontractors or also the liability of transnational corporations executive. .
Verret-Hamelin, Antoine. "L'entreprise et le politique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29837/29837.pdf.
Full textNkaham, Jean Froehlicher Thomas. "Ethique des affaires et valeurs chrétiennes catholiques de développement." S. l. : Université Nancy 2, 2007. http://cyberdoc.univ-nancy2.fr.
Full textCastro, Jean-Luc. "Une approche exploratoire de l'influence des valeurs catholiques du dirigeant de PME sur son mode de management : la doctrine sociale de l'église catholique à l'épreuve de l'entreprise." Paris 9, 2002. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2002PA090041.
Full textCasamatta, Catherine. "Une étude de la structure financière des entreprises fondée sur les problèmes d'aléa moral : thèse pour le doctorat en Sciences de Gestion." Toulouse 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU10011.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to provide a rationale, based on agency considerations, for the use of outside debt along with outside equity, as well as more complex securities like convertible bonds or stock-options in the firms' capital structure. The first chapter proposes a survey of the litterature on moral hazard and capital structure (green (1984), innes (1990), gale-hellwig (1985), bolton-sharfstein (1990). . . ). Theoretical predictions are then confronted to empirical observations, which leads to the following remarks : although moral hazard considerations seem consistent with empirical analysis, very few models derive the optimality of complex financial structures (i. E. Other than pure outside debt financing). The remaining of the thesis is dedicated to this question. The second chapter rewrites the jensen-meckling (1976) insights with an optimal contract approach. Moral hazard affects the level of effort, as well as the level of risk that a manager chooses when implementing a project. When the risk shifting problem is dominant, the optimal financial contract can be implemented by a mix of outside debt and outside equity, while stock-options must be added to this financial structure when the effort problem is dominant in order to enhance the manager's incentives to exert effort. The third chapter focuses on the financing of start-ups, and on the dual role played by venture capitalists, who provide advising as well as financing to starting firms. Their intervention is modelled in a double moral hazard setting, whereby both the entrepreneur and the outside financier must be induced to exert effort, in order to improve the profitability of a project. Consistent with empirical observations, optimal contracts solving this double incentive problem exhibit properties of convertible bonds or preferred stocks
Duchange, Grégoire. "Le concept d'entreprise en droit du travail." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020007.
Full textIn Law, the firm is the result of a complex amalgam of legal concepts (employment contract, legal personality, collective representation of workers, etc.). The systematic ordering of these ones is needed to perceive the coherence of the legal organization of that one. Guidelines emerge. Employment contract is the meeting of two parties whose interests are antagonists. But the release of the labor force of the employee, part of his person , and the sustainability of the contract require them to cooperate. This trend is reinforced by some mechanisms non implied by the nature of the employment contract. Are shared the control of the company (which involves the collective representation of workers) and of its benefits. Employees then become nearly considered as the stockholders are. The legal structure of the firm , however, is not fixed by dogma. Competing ideologies are shaping it. Some focus on purposes. The company is alternately used as a means for employment and for the will of the enterpreneur. Others focus on methods. Lawyers and economists try to organize the firm scientifically
Brunk, Katja H. "Essays on consumer perceived ethicality (CPE) of companies and brands." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210027.
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Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
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Ropaul, Maïva. "Essais sur l'analyse économique de la responsabilité civile des entreprises." Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020071/document.
Full textThe accelerating pace of technological innovations and pressures from civil society provide tort law with new challenges. This thesis studies the incentive effects of tort law on corporate investment in prevention in this context. Particularly, this study deepens the traditional economic analysis of corporate civil liability and assess the effects of the combination of non legal sanctions and the legal framework. First, we highlight the evolution of the economic analysis of liability and responsibility. Then, we study the incentive effects ofcivil liability in a theoretical model, with a particular emphasis on the role of the legal notion of causality. Next, we examine to what extent the difficulties of predicting accident risks affect incentives provided by liability with both a theoretical model and with a lab experiment. In a theoretical model, we develop ananalysis of the role of non-legal sanctions, from civil society, along side the tort law. We show that the incentive effects of consumer boycott on corporate investment in prevention are limited. Finally, through an empirical study, we complete this analysis by studying the magnitude and determinants of consumer boycott in Europe
Boulanger, Aliénor. "Restructurations sociétaires et responsabilité pénale." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU10052.
Full textDuring its existence the company may have to restructure to respond to the needs of its evolution. Whether the result of a willingness to adapt, to extend or the result of difficulties, the operations performed are likely to alter the corporate structure, and therefore the fate of criminal liability. The purpose of this thesis is to study the mutual influence of corporate restructuring and criminal liability. It can’t be denied that there are some difficulties to articulate corporate restructuring and criminal liability. So it is essential to study the system of criminal liability that the company will be subject to, and then consider the final process, from the perspective of the criminal liability too. Once criminal liability impact on companies restructuring is determined, impact of companies restructuring on the criminal liability must be investigated. Some restructuring have no impact on the company criminal liability, while others can destroy this one. This is one of the main issues of company criminal liability because of the company can avoid the criminal liability in restructuring. Consequently, this study should leads to propose solutions to remedy the imperfections of companies restructuring in application of criminal liability
Copinschi, Philippe. "Enjeux politiques, logiques commerciales et nouvelles normes morales : le cas du pétrole dans le golfe de Guinée." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006IEPP0043.
Full textFor the past fifteen years the oil scene has been going through a series of profound changes resulting from the appropriation by the oil actors of the ethical discourse of NGOs (environment, human rights, transparency and governance, etc). The pressure, which NGOs exert on multinational oil companies, has obliged many of these companies to rethink and revise their course of action. Since the 1990s the notion of corporate social responsibility has become so widespread that no oil company can afford not to follow, at least at the level of discourse. As a reaction to the ongoing critical stance of NGOs, ethical discourse has gradually come to impose itself as the norm. The mobilization of NGOs against the Chad-Cameroon project urged the international community to invent new ways of acting. As a result the World Bank imposed direct financial control on Chad thus implicitly overlooking the principle of sovereignty. The principle of sovereignty has in a way become subordinate to the principle of responsibility and accountability, which operates as a structural component of the relation between the State, the international community and transnational private financial actors. The new ethical norms, initiated by NGOs and propagated by the companies, are imposed on the States and influence their capacity to act independently
Lamouroux, Guillaume. "Les subventions aux entreprises privées : contribution à l'analyse civile et fiscale de l'acte neutre." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021BORD0018.
Full textWhile the notion of subsidy is widely discussed within public law and financial science, private law remains relatively indifferent to this subject. This is particularly detrimental given that the concept of subsidies for and by private companies can only be imperfectly assessed via the classical analysis of these subjects where a subsidy is viewed as an unconditioned financial support. Studying subsidies to private companies thus enables us to assess the appropriateness of this classical analysis and to suggest a renewed understanding of subsidies on three aspects.Firstly, unlike in public law, a subsidy must be viewed as a unilateral contract, not a unilateral act. It is important indeed not to confuse the expression of consent by a legal entity, which results from a unilateral act, with the act of granting a subsidy, which is contractual in nature. A subsidy is also just a type of financial support. It is characterized by a direct wealth transfer from the grantor of the subsidy to its beneficiary, valued on the achievement of a specific goal. These two elements are essential as they differentiate a subsidy from other types of private companies’ support mechanisms (such as debt relief, loans, underpriced or overpriced transactions) and show that being goal-oriented does not commit the beneficiary to realizing the stated objective, rather it is the binding nature of a contract that enforces this obligation. In case of non-compliance, the subsidized entity will be subject to the contract’s termination clauses for being in default of its contractual obligations, a forced contractual compliance being not possible as it remains a management decision. Finally, a subsidy is not exactly an unconditioned financial support, rather it is a support without direct obligations. If its grantor often aims to obtain a direct benefit against the issuance of a subsidy, it often obtains nothing. This alternative reflects the specificity of a subsidy as it can be given for free or not. In other words, a subsidy is a neutral act which explains its numerous practical difficulties. More precisely, as a neutral contract, a subsidy does not express a specific reason, in each case it must thus be assessed if the issuer has a vested interest in the granting of the said subsidy. This research is of great interest, as a subsidy granted for free, in particular by a private enterprise, has consequences in terms of company law – breach of the “specialty” principle – tax law – customary managerial decisions – and criminal law. Showing the limits of the freedom to subsidize private companies contributes to reveal the civil and tax identity of a neutral act
Pelletier, Nicolas. "La responsabilité au sein des groupes de sociétés en cas de procédure collective." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010331.
Full textMehenni, Mohamed. "Essai sur l'autonomie de l'entreprise publique économique algérienne." Rouen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ROUEL201.
Full textAfter a long experience of centralized administrative management, a reform as "autonomy of the public and economic enterprise" is engaged in Algeria since 1988. Therefore, in law, there is neither a theory nor a model of the autonomy of the enterprise. Through the case of the algerian public and economic enterprise, this investigation tries to demonstrate that the public enterprise's autonomy is not a juridical fiction. This autonomy requires a differenciation between the state and the enterprise, so on a juridical matter, a consecration of the enterprise as a moral person clear and independent of the state. The principle of submission of the public and economic enterprise to private law, the clarification of its part and of the state's part in the national economic policy allow this differenciation. The renunciation of the state to direct management of public and economic enterprises gives a real meaning to their management's autonomy. This last shows up through the transfer of the exercice, on these enterprises, of the state ownership right to the funds of participation. The different organized forms (society of shares, limited liability company) and the working rules of the public and economic enterprise straighten this autonomy
Jacob, Julien. "Règles de responsabilité optimales face aux risques et choix technologiques des firmes." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN20013/document.
Full textThe development of the economic analysis of liability was developed on the idea that this legal tool can ex ante provide incentives to prevent the risks of accident. In the context of large-scale technological risks prevention, this literature notably highlights the inefficiencies of the limited liability regime. This liability regime was implemented in order to build a protection, which encourages investors to provide massive capital inflows needed to start modern production capacities. But it can provide suboptimal incentives to prevent a risk of damage that is not fully internalized. In chapter 1, we draw a State of the Art of this literature and argue that a connection with the literature from environmental economics is necessary. Such a connection, that introduces the possibility of induced technological change into the analysis, was made in the context of effluents regulation. Our thesis will show that such a connection is also desirable for the economic analysis of large-scale technological risks prevention. Chapter 2 shows that allowing for technological change puts in perspective the inefficiencies of the limited liability regime. Indeed we highlight the fact that implementing such a regime can induce the firms to proceed to technological change, leading to a lower probability of accident and better risk internalization. Moreover, using a tax on the level of activity reinforce the efficiency of this liability regime. Chapters 3 and 4 extend the analysis to imperfectly known risks, which can be encountered when new technologies are introduced. We compare limited and unlimited liability regimes and show that the latter provide more incentives to search for more information about the imprecise risk, and it has the smoothest impact on technological choice. Finally, chapter 5 deals with innovation, when technological progress impacts both the cost of risk prevention and the probability of accident. We highlight that the nature of the innovation and the role of the Regulator are essential : in the presence of a 'conformist' Regulator strict liability is always preferable to negligence, but negligence may be preferable in the presence of a 'proactive' Regulator if the technological progress essentially impacts the cost of prevention
Mahfoudi, Mohamed. "La particularité du rapport de la personne morale et ses membres au sein des groupements de l'économie sociale : comparaison franco-marocaine." Thesis, Lille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL20007.
Full textWithin companies of social economy, the relationship between the corporation and its members is a special and unique one. This specificity derives its strength from the altruistic and ethical mind of the solidarity sector. It also draws its strength from human and financial principles that prevail in this kind of companies. Therefore, we could confirm that the guidingprinciple that most affects this relationship is that of a dual quality. This latter allows the association of the member to the social affairs of the company making it, in addition to that, actively participating throughout the process. However, this particular relationship is threatened by several factors. Some are internal and related to operating rules as well as the persistent problems in the financing of the abovementioned companies. The other factors are external and more linked to liberalism and to the globalization of trade and particularly the European policy based on free competition in the market versus capitalist societies that keep on attacking the companies of social economy for the sake of trivializing and getting rid of them
Maurin, Alexandra. "Vers une maîtrise du risque bancaire systémique." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLED035.
Full textThe growth of CSR, both within companies and through international consultations, illustrates the importance of ethics and morals in business relations. Banker holds a central place in it, as he is "the driving force of all the economic activities of his time". Because of its key role in both real economy and financial markets, banks should act as a precursor to the development of CSR. However, during the 2007 economic crisis, the unreasoned inducement to household over-indebtedness and the use of securitization to facilitate the spread of toxic assets have shown a global lack of morality of banks in the conduct of their business. This extensive crisis raises questions about the impact of moral hazard on the stability of States and how to provide efficient legal answers to systemic banking risk, in order to hold banks responsible and to prevent History from repeating itself
Pretot, Sophie. "Les communautés d'intérêts : essai sur des ensembles de personnes dépourvus de personnalité juridique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D012.
Full textInterest owners, cohabitees, members of a same family, co-owners at a same general assembly, subsidiairies of a same company, members of a same political party, employees of a same economic and social entity, spouses or life partners, management staff of a same clinic... these appear as unrelated and dissimilar simulations. Yet, all qualify as "communities of interests". Is this a mere vocabulary coincidence or the indication that a genuine concept is emerging ? What lessons can we learn from the recurring use of the term "communities of interest" in positive law ? Thoroughly researching the state of our law, this essay demonstrates the concept of "community of interest", its specificities and why it should be legally anchored. Apprehending the community of interest as a group of people united by special ties, the study undertaken here appears bold. It provides the judge and the legislator with protection tools adapted to the particularities of this legal entity and required by it. The study answers a theoretical necessity, and demonstrates its undeniable practical use. It proposes to fill a legal vacuum that exists within groups of people, and thus places the different communities of interest between the entities without any cohesion at all and those with legal personality or who are deprived of legal personality for formal reasons
Côté, Josée. "Financiarisation, gouvernance et enjeux éthiques dans les restructurations industrielles." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26095.
Full textDans le cadre de la restructuration d’entreprise du holding Papiers White Birch, les retraités ont vu leur fonds de retraite fondre alors que l’entreprise a demandé la fermeture du régime de retraite à prestations déterminées. Comment notre système juridique arrive-t-il à permettre un tel dénouement qui semble en faveur des acteurs économiques au détriment des retraités ? À partir de l’étude de cas de Papiers White Birch, cette recherche ouvre la boîte noire du déroulement de la restructuration, analyse les enjeux éthiques et interroge la nature des notions d’intérêt public et de justice sociale au cœur du processus canadien de restructuration d’entreprise sous la Loi sur les arrangements avec les créanciers des compagnies (LACC). Cette étude permet de revisiter la notion de justice sociale à partir du concept de capabilité développé par Amartya Sen et d'en proposer une application en contexte de restructuration sous la LACC.
Within the framework of the restructuring of White Birch Paper Holdings, the retirees have seen their pension fund melt away as the Company requested the closing of the defined benefit plan. How can our judicial system arrive at permitting this solution which seems to favour the interests of industry over that of retirees? From the case study of White Birch Paper, this research paper does the following: it opens the 'black box' of the unfolding of the company's restructuring, it provides an analysis of the ethical issues and, finally, it questions the notions of public interest and social justice at the heart of the methods of the Canadian Companies' Creditors Arrangement Act (CCAA). This study allows the idea of revisiting the notion of social justice from the concept of capability developed by Amartya Sen and proposes an application in the context of restructuring under the CCAA.