Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Entreprises d'insertion – Québec (Province)'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Entreprises d'insertion – Québec (Province).'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Menear, Matthew. "Organizational dynamics of supported employment programs for people with severe mental illness." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/25995/25995.pdf.
Full textCorriveau, Marie-Ève. "La signification du travail des travailleurs handicapés embauchés dans les entreprises adaptées de la Capitale-Nationale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27702.
Full textPlamondon, Gabrielle. "Le réseau comme organisation du travail en itinéranceh[ressource électronique] : le cas de la (ré)intégration socioprofessionnelle des femmes dans la ville de Montréal." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28187.
Full textLindsay-Gélineau, Marc. "L'expérience d'insertion socioprofessionnelle des personnes immigrantes peu scolarisées." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68084.
Full textIn research and government institutions, socio-professional integration is well known as one of the main integration catalysts for immigrants. Likewise, Quebec government chooses most of its immigrants depending on their socio-professional integration potential on Quebec’s job market. This potential is measured, among others, according to the level of education. Yet, numerous immigrants enter Quebec with very few years of study. While many scholars investigate highly qualified immigrant’s integration processes, little is known about low qualified immigrant’s integration processes. This qualitative study specifically aims to explore the professional integration experience of low qualified immigrants by using the transition theory’s concepts. The data was collected during interviews with seven low qualified immigrants engaged in a socio-professional integration program. It allowed a better understanding of the motivations driving these people to enter the labour market with support from a socio-professional integration program, to identify personal and environmental attributes favorizing this process and to explore adaptations enabling its orderly conduct
Grisales, Natalia. "La perception des immigrants colombiens qualifiés résidant à Québec de leur processus d'insertion professionnelle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26323.
Full textThis exploratory qualitative research analyzes the perception that skilled immigrants have of their employability. Ten Colombian skilled and qualified immigrants established in the city of Quebec were interviewed in order to identify what were the limiting factors and contributing factors that affected their employability, and the strategies they have used to find a job. The discourse analysis of the participant's interviews revealed that the professional expectations are at the center of the project to immigrate. Furthermore, this analysis reveals that despite the obstacles they must overcome to obtain the recognition of their qualifications, skilled immigrants are generally satisfied with the processes to integrate to the job market. Finally, the analysis identifies that skilled immigrants believe certain factors such as personal skills, fluency in the French language and professional field certainly contributed to successfully joining the workforce.
Esta investigación cualitativa de tipo exploratorio, analiza la percepción que los inmigrantes calificados tienen de su inserción profesional. Diez inmigrantes Colombianos calificados establecidos en la ciudad de Quebec fueron entrevistados con el fin de identificar los factores que limitan y que contribuyen a esta inserción, así como las estrategias que han utilizado para integrarse al mercado laboral. El análisis de los discursos de los participantes puso en evidencia que las expectativas profesionales están en el centro del proyecto de migración. Además, este análisis revela que a pesar de los obstáculos que deben superar para hacer reconocer sus títulos profesionales, las personas inmigrantes se sienten generalmente satisfechas de sus procesos de inserción. Finalmente, el análisis permite identificar que para los inmigrantes calificados ciertas predisposiciones como las cualidades personales, el manejo de la lengua francesa y el área de formación profesional son algunos de los factores que contribuyen a una inserción profesional exitosa.
Jacob, André G. "Les rapports sociaux d'insertion des réfugiés salvadoriens et iraniens au Québec." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010554.
Full textIn the first chapter, the thesis presents a literature review on the process of social insertion of refugees. First of all, this theorical section does a critical analysis of the concepts used in the thesis like the notion of community and ethnic group, adaptation, integration and insertion. Secondly, the author presents the mere conclusions of different authors on the difficulties of social insertion of refuges in the north-american context. The two following parts are formed by a practical presentation : the second chapter presents a structural analysis of 22 life stories of salvadorian refugees in canada for 5 years at least. The same type of analysis prevails in the third chapter where the subjects studied are 22 iranian refugees. In both chapters important aspects in relation with the knowing of refugees are developped in the analysis of the datas. First of all, a brief picture of el salvador and iran. Secondly, an analysis of various dimensions of both groups, the socio-demographic characteristics, the family patterns, the pre-migratory context and the migratory process, the canadian settlement policy, the perception of the citizens attitudes in the host country, the process of social insertion, the life plans, the social relations and the loneliness feeling. The fourth chapter develops the perceptions of the refuges on social services concerned by settlement and protection of refugees. Those services are deeply involved in dealing with the difficulties of insertion of the refugees
Nkolo, Christiane. "Processus d'insertion professionnelle de femmes immigrantes "noires" d'origine africaine détentrices d'un grade universitaire et résidentes de la Ville de Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25886/25886.pdf.
Full textOuellet, Anne-Marie. "REPÈRE ROUMAIN: UNE IDENTITÉ MISE EN RÉCIT COMME STRATÉGIE D'INSERTION ET DE RECONNAISSANCE DIRIGÉE VERS LA SOCIÉTÉ QUÉBÉCOISE." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28313/28313.pdf.
Full textGiroux, Isabelle. "Les parcours d'insertion professionnelle des femmes immigrantes qualifiées à Québec : leurs perceptions de leur réalité : étude exploratoire et descriptive." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28129/28129.pdf.
Full textMartin-Roy, Sarah. "Les phénomènes d'influence sur les conditions de travail dans les entreprises d'économie sociale." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26458/26458.pdf.
Full textWalker, Audrey. "Le rôle des réseaux sociaux dans le processus d'insertion professionnelle des jeunes diplômés du secondaire professionnel et du collégial technique au Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25413/25413.pdf.
Full textGarand, Denis J. "Diagnostic théorique et empirique des pratiques de gestion des ressources humaines (GRH) : un bilan approfondi des difficultés et besoins de PME de production horticole." Metz, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1999/Garand.Denis_J.LMZ9906.pdf.
Full textGagnon, Mélanie. "Les pratiques de recrutement des entreprises de la région de Québec : critères de sélection de la main-d'œuvre et du jugement sur les compétences." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19121.
Full textRochefort, Mathieu. "Analyse du lien entre les pratiques de financement et certains résultats des entreprises laitières québécoises." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25515.
Full textThe analysis of funding practices initiates in a context where these practices that run the agricultural sector are questioned and where financial situation of dairy farms does not seem in good shape. First of all, good practices that are based on the financial theory have been identified. Also, real practices have been explored from an evaluation of some real cases consisting in indebted dairy farms in operation for many years. Results demonstrate that, for the sample of farms subjected to special conditions, some cases present practices that are not strict enough. Furthermore, behavior study and risk evaluation of the farmers in regards to the bank credit bring to conclude that the situation is not going to improve easily if there is no future change. So, it is demonstrated that funding practices can be a factor that explains why some results of the indebted dairy farms are not attractive.
Soucy, Michèle. "Approche comparative des petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) et des grandes entreprises (GE) quant aux pratiques de gestion des ressources humaines qu'elles instaurent pour contrer leurs problèmes d'attraction et de rétention de l'effectif." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28616/28616.pdf.
Full textChassé, Sonia. "La prise en compte du développement durable dans les entreprises québécoises et les PME manufacturières." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25412.
Full textSince the end of 1980s, Sustainable Development (SD) has been made the object of much attention, driving the different actors of society to change their behaviors. Various institutional and private initiatives were introduced favoring the implementation of the concept. It was the case for example in Quebec, where the government introduced in 2004 a Plan de développement durable, followed by a the Sustainable Development Act in 2006. Various studies focused on the manner in which companies react to different pressures to widen their spheres of responsibility, but some key issues remain little studied in the literature. This is particularly the case for companies that display passive and negative behavior in the field of the integration of the integration of SD, and Small and Medium-Sized Entreprises (SMEs) in particular. SMEs offer a fertile ground for exploration because of their importance and economic weight, and their historically commitment to the environmental aspects of the SD. The objective of this qualitative study is to produce a portrait of the practices and the discourses of companies, in particular SMEs, in the field of the SD. More specifically, this research aims to analyze the stance of Quebec companies towards SD and of the public policies on this matter, as well as the perceptions of the SMEs which are less committed in this area and the justifications provided. To this end, a content analysis To this end, a content analysis of 69 submissions presented by the business community during the public consultation on the Plan de développement durable du Québec in 2005 was conducted, followed by a case study in nine manufacturing SMEs based on 33 interviews. The results allow to highlight the fact that enterprises adopt and justify passives positions to towards the implementation of SD are assumed and justified by the enterprises. In addition, the inactive behaviors in the field of SD seem just as legitimate as the increasing pressures and the prevailing views favoring the adoption of the SD. This calls into question the findings of recent studies, which adopt an optimistic view on the business engagement in SD, particularly among SMEs. Keywords: Sustainable development; SMEs; corporate responsibility.
Plante, Éric. "Analyse des programmes de prévention de la violence de type interne au travail dans les entreprises québécoises syndiquées de grande taille." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19748.
Full textThis thesis examines internal workplace violence prevention programs and the organizational structure and management of related preventive activities. A qualitative and exploratory study was conducted at three unionized companies in Quebec, each with a workforce of over 500 employees. These businesses are a healthcare centre, a transportation company and a parapublic organization. The objective of this study was to perform a concordance analysis of a theoretical framework for interactive workplace violence prevention and the empirical data collected at the selected businesses, in order to develop a model for the analysis and improvement of existing activities at these sites. The study data was collected through semi-structured interviews with key players in the prevention of workplace violence. Certain company documents were also analysed as part of the data-gathering process. Methodological limits related to the data-gathering process and the analysis and interpretation of the collected information are also discussed. The results lead to three groups of knowledge. The first group allows us to qualify and more closely examine the dynamics of risky workplace situations and the demonstration and effects of workplace violence. The subtleties revealed here are linked to specific workplace situations that are at greater risk of violence. The second group of knowledge is related to the prevention of violence in the workplace. In the target businesses, the data reveal that the bulk of preventive activities relies primarily on education and staff training. The third group of knowledge suggests a new approach for workplace violence prevention programs. This approach involves flexible consultation procedures, strategic planning, decompartmentalized or networked management and a prevention evaluation tool based on organizational education.
Couture, Samuel. "La modernisation écologique des petites et moyennes entreprises : l'exemple de la région de Chaudière-Appalaches." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21734.
Full textZenab, Hamat. "Les entreprises porcines face à l'écoconditionnalité : une étude exploratoire des stratégies d'ajustement." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23934/23934.pdf.
Full textDiouf, Mariama. "L'économie sociale au service du développement durable urbain : étude sur l'organisation des entreprises de recyclage dans la région de Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28182/28182.pdf.
Full textAudet, Jessika. "Exploration des pratiques organisationnelles des petites et moyennes entreprises québécoises en regard du processus de retour au travail chez les travailleurs ayant subi une lésion professionnelle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69713.
Full textWhen considering that occupational injuries are an economic burden leading to important consequences on small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs), it is important to look at the determinants of a healthy and sustainable return to work (RTW) process of a worker having suffered an occupational injury. Considering that enterprises have a decisive influence on the RTW process, the literature suggests that the RTW success rate is proportional to the size of an enterprise. However, the majority of studies are carried out with large enterprises and do not allow to understand the situation in SMEs. Given that organizational practices are fundamental to the RTW process and inconsidering that SMEs represent 95% of employers in Québec, this study aimed to explore the organizational practices of Québec SMEs in relation to the RTW of workers with occupational injuries. This study was carried out using a qualitative exploratory study design. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 participants from 3 different stakeholders involved in the RTW process (i.e., SME representatives, workers, and healthcare professionals) to explore their experience with regards to the RTW process in Québec SMEs. The content of the interviews was reviewed using a phenomenological analysis.The results show that the SME organisational practices evoked by the participants are grouped into three themes: 1) Reducing the risks of occupational injuries, 2) Managing occupational injuries, and3) Preventing the consequences of occupational injuries. Although organizational practices for RTW are adopted by SMEs, it is noted that there are differences in the way they are implemented. Considering the large number of workers employed by Québec SMEs, the proposal for intervention stailored to the reality and needs of SMEs is likely to be beneficial to hundreds of thousands of workers, SMEs and healthcare professionals.
Coulombe, Carole. "Diagnostic des pratiques de support pré et postformation vécues par des cadres de premier niveau dans des entreprises de la région de Québec et formulation d'une stratégie de support." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29380.
Full textCayouette, Annie. "Quand la psychosociologie rencontre le domaine de l'orientation : étude exploratoire de la contribution des apprentissages réalisés dans le cadre de la formation en interactionnisme-stratégique sur le parcours d'insertion socioprofessionnelle des diplômés de la maîtrise en sciences de l'orientation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27837/27837.pdf.
Full textOuellet, Maude. "La place du réseau social et de soutien dans le parcours migratoire et d'insertion des migrants établis à Rivière-du-Loup." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25658/25658.pdf.
Full textBoutillier, Annye. "Évaluation du processus de concertation de la gouvernance de l'eau au Québec : la participation des entreprises minières de la Côte-Nord." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66832.
Full textQuebec’s Water Policy has almost 20 years. To plan an integrated water management, the Watershed Organizations need to implement consultation and cooperation between all water stakeholders. The consultation meeting is not an obligation for them, it is voluntary. They all have a different relation with the water resources. Depending of their role in their respective organization, they have various interests, which may influence their participation to the integrated water management planed by the Watershed Organizations with the Water Master Plan. This study focuses on the mining industry of the Côte-Nord region and its participation to the consultation. The private sector often has a significant influence in their host communities, so they can have great impacts on the population.The main goal of this research is to know how stakeholders perceive consultation meetings for the integrated water management by watershed, and what is the place of the mining industry’s participation. The hypothesis is that a voluntary consultation is hard to organize and that it is not in the mining industry’s interests to participate. Some interviews have been realized during summer and fall of 2019 to help answer these questions. This case study shows a summary portrait of Quebec’s water governance in a context of decentralization and allows a reflection on our natural resource management methods. The hypothesis is not well confirmed. There are effectively some difficulties to plan a voluntary consultation, however we cannot confirm it is not in the interest of the mining companies to be part of it.
Belleau-Arsenault, Catherine. "Les impacts des aides financières gouvernementales sur la performance des entreprises en région : une approche par appariement spatial." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28277.
Full textThe impact of public subsidies is subject for a debate: some thinks that public interventions could stimulate effect on the economy, while for others, the public interventions would be useless and respond more of political interests than economic efficiency. From a regional development and public policy perspective, this paper focus on the impact of public subsidies on the performance of firms in a non-metropolitan area. Performance is measured from two differents but complementary angles: the survival of firms and the average annual growth of employees. This study uses a rich database composed of 15 187 active establishments in the Lower-Saint-Lawrence region in between 2006 and 2015. A spatial matching methodology is applied in this study, based on propensity score matching, calculated on the basis of local indicators (spatial), as in Dubé and Brunelle (2014). The results show a positive effect of the public subsidies on the performance of firms. However, this effect can change depending on the criteria that used to measure performance (survival or employment growth) or the productive sector. Globally, is found that public subsidies have a positive effect on the employment growth of the firms, but this effect is not significant for the survival of firms. Depending on the productive sectors, the effect of public subsidies on employment growth would be principally attributable to the manufacturing sector, and the effect of public subsidies on firm survival would be marked in the primary and upper tertiary sectors.
Abzaoui, Yousra. "Les communautés de pratique copmposées de conseillers et intervenants en transmission d'entreprise : exploration du fonctionnement et des retombées." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29970.
Full textThis research aims to explore the functioning and success factors of communities of practice grouping professionals and practioners in the business transfer sector. To do this, during one year long, we observed two communities of practice meetings. These communities of practice were grouping various professionals and practioners from the Quebec City and Montreal regions working in the business transfer sector. In total, twenty hours of observation were made. In addition to the non-participant observation, we realized semi-structured individual interviews with community of practice facilitators and questionnaires filed by participants to capture their perceptions after a year of meetings.
Lefebvre, Pierre-Philippe. "Les ententes d'exclusivité entre les universités et les entreprises privées : le cas de l'Université de Montréal et de Pepsico." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25644/25644.pdf.
Full textD'Almeida, Tohoué Ayayi Maxime. "Santé financière des entreprises laitières, céréalières et de fruits et légumes au Québec : évolution 2005-2015." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27899.
Full textThe difficult economic situation of Québec farms inspires much interest. Several studies are devoted to the technical and economic analysis of farms, all production combined. This is also the case of the current thesis. Its overall objective is to analyze the financial health of dairy, cereals and fruit & vegetable enterprises over the period 2005-2015. To achieve this, comparative analysis, parametric and nonparametric regressions have been combined. Data analyzed were from the “Farm Financial Survey” conducted both by Statistics Canada and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAC). The absence of the “cost of living” data forced the study to be limited to farming enterprises that were organized in corporation. The latter were nonetheless quite enough representative of the total sample. Results showed that dairy farmers have the best results although their financial health was unstable and was gradually degrading. Fruit and vegetable producers have an acceptable financial health with an improving trend over the years. Cereal farmers were in a bad position with poor financial health and a worsening trend. Our results also showed that dairy farmers owed their good financial health to an excellent control of production costs. The excellent productivity of cash investments (capital) of fruit and vegetable producers justifies their results despite the high production costs they face. The low productivity of capital, coupled with high production costs, explains the poor financial health of cereals. The large fruit and vegetable enterprise is in better financial health. Conversely, the large dairy enterprise is less profitable. Size does not explain the financial health of cereal farmers. Experience does not significantly impact the financial health of dairy, cereals and fruit and vegetable enterprises. Keywords: financial health, farming enterprise, milk, cereals, fruits and vegetables
Bourgault, Julie. "L'articulation entre la liberté d'entreprendre et la liberté d'association dans les cas de restructurations d'entreprises." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27045.
Full textVézina, Martine. "Le contexte comme mouvement : une analyse contextualiste du développement de deux coopératives laitières québécoises, 1930-1980." Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX32051.
Full textThis study is about organizational context. Its aim is to bring some light into this popular as well as confuse notion in organisational analysis. The contextualist framework developped by andrew pettigrew is used to analyse the evolution of two quebec dairy co-operatives on a fifty years period. The contextualist framework affirms that organizational development is a consequence of three categories of variables interaction: content, context (internal and external) and process. The integration of these three elements around which change occurs is based on three hypothesis: change is temporal, results from multilevel interactions and occurs in a dialectic relation between context and actors. The longitudinal study of the two organizations development reveals that context is not universal. The nature and level of external context is different for each organisation and varies throughout time. In addition, throughout their choices, managers and directors have participated actively in some kind of dialogue with external context agents. This dialogue is qualified of process of context and organization interpenetration to signify the two terms reciprocal influence. Five interpenetration processes are identified: context integration, legitimation, negociation, internalisation and orientation. Those processes are qualified in light of their respective logic of action, intention, temporal horizon, direction of impulse and action emphasis area. Based on the contextualist tryptic, two development configurations are identified: industrialist and regionalist. According to the industrialist mode of development, organizational action is taking place in a national and competitive context. Internal dynamic is characterized by a professional activity system doubled with a lateral and directive process of decision making. Activties are specialized in dairy industry and a dominat process of context orientation is in operation. The regionalist configuration of development is associated with poly valency of business activities. The organization is developing in a regional and institutional context. The firm develops into a communal activity system dynamic reinforced by a process of collegial management based on an intense organizational dialogue. The organisation interacts with its external context in a negociation mode. Finally, those two organisational development configurations
Desmeules, Amélie. "Différences sur le plan de la motivation au travail, de la capacité de résilience et du sentiment d'efficacité personnelle en classe et à l'école des enseignants débutants selon leur participation à des programmes d'insertion professionnelle offerts dans leurs commissions scolaires d'attache." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27195.
Full textGlazer-Allard, Jean-Daniel. "Les représentations du travail des jeunes salariés d'agence de location de personnel." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26925.
Full textCoulibaly, Foungatrigue-Siramane. "Impact du Programme d’exonération financière pour les services d’aide domestique sur les heures de service domestique : résultats d’une expérience quasi-naturelle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66340.
Full textThe financial exemption program for domestic help services in Quebec aims to encourage house holds with needs for domestic help to obtain their services from social economic enterprises domestic help while promoting their development. This program mainly targets people who are losing their independence due to their age, as well as those who have special needs due to a condition of incapacity or vulnerability. Several types of aid are then offered, such as compensatory aid granted to organizations providing services, fixed aid and variable aid granted to users. To this end, investment shave been made since 2009 in this program to improve variable aid for vulnerable clients in order to allow users to afford more services. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of a increase in variable assistance per hour of domestic help which happened in October 2016. We use this almost natural experience and data on active users 18 months before and 18 months after the increase. We use a Tobit type 1 model in double differences to evaluate the impact of this reform on users’ consumption of domestic help services. Monthly, we find that the improvement in variable assistance in 2016 had the effect of increasing the average consumption of services by 0.19 per hours (approximately 11 minutes). This figure corresponds to a monthly increase of approximately 4% in the average consumption of hours of services. In addition, we distinguish two types of effect : a contribution at the extensive margin and at the intensive margin. The results reveal a greater response at extensive margin. These results suggest that the improvement in variable assistance had a positive and significant effect on the average consumption of hours of home help services in Quebec.
Le, Lan Maryse, and Lan Maryse Le. "Mutualisation des capacités de production entre entreprises forestières : cas d'études des coopératives forestières du Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37054.
Full textTableau d'honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales
De nouvelles formes de compétition jusqu’ici inconnues des entreprises du secteur forestier ont fait leur apparition dans la dernière décennie. Pour performer, les entreprises forestières doivent désormais opter pour de nouvelles stratégies organisationnelles qui leur permettront d’accroître leur compétitivité et leur agilité. Le défi réside dans l’équilibre de leur capacité de production qui doit être suffisante pour répondre à la variation de la demande sans qu’elle ne devienne excédentaire et ou sous-utilisée. La stratégie étudiée dans le cadre de cette étude est celle de la collaboration interentreprises, plus précisément celle du partage de ressources (expertise, matériel, monétaire) entre des entreprises forestières de tous les secteurs d’activités. L’objectif principal de l’étude est de développer un cadre de référence pour guider les entreprises forestières à saisir davantage les opportunités de collaboration. Dans un premier temps, des entrevues individuelles ont été menées avec huit entreprises forestières afin de connaître leur compréhension et leur volonté de collaborer. Dans un deuxième temps, les dimensions conceptuelles qui forment la structure de la collaboration interentreprises ont fait l’objet d’un groupe focus de discussion entre 14 dirigeants d’entreprises forestières. Finalement, quatre situations réelles de collaboration interentreprises ont été étudiées pour déterminer les conditions requises à l’instauration des ententes de collaboration. Les résultats démontrent que le succès de la collaboration est initialement une question de volonté, mais aussi de contexte favorable. Ce succès peut toutefois être compromis par plusieurs facteurs dont le manque de confiance. Le cadre de référence permet d’outrepasser les différences individuelles des entreprises pour qu’elles puissent saisir les opportunités de collaboration. L’identification des besoins de l’entreprise et de son potentiel de collaboration est une prémisse essentielle à l’instauration des ententes de collaboration. Le cadre de référence des relations de collaboration illustre ainsi la progression entre différents niveaux de collaboration structurés en huit dimensions. Une application du cadre de référence à une situation fictive de collaboration a finalement permis de démontrer son adaptabilité au contexte forestier québécois. La collaboration, principalement la mutualisation des ressources, permet aux entreprises forestières de mieux utiliser les capacités de production existantes.
De nouvelles formes de compétition jusqu’ici inconnues des entreprises du secteur forestier ont fait leur apparition dans la dernière décennie. Pour performer, les entreprises forestières doivent désormais opter pour de nouvelles stratégies organisationnelles qui leur permettront d’accroître leur compétitivité et leur agilité. Le défi réside dans l’équilibre de leur capacité de production qui doit être suffisante pour répondre à la variation de la demande sans qu’elle ne devienne excédentaire et ou sous-utilisée. La stratégie étudiée dans le cadre de cette étude est celle de la collaboration interentreprises, plus précisément celle du partage de ressources (expertise, matériel, monétaire) entre des entreprises forestières de tous les secteurs d’activités. L’objectif principal de l’étude est de développer un cadre de référence pour guider les entreprises forestières à saisir davantage les opportunités de collaboration. Dans un premier temps, des entrevues individuelles ont été menées avec huit entreprises forestières afin de connaître leur compréhension et leur volonté de collaborer. Dans un deuxième temps, les dimensions conceptuelles qui forment la structure de la collaboration interentreprises ont fait l’objet d’un groupe focus de discussion entre 14 dirigeants d’entreprises forestières. Finalement, quatre situations réelles de collaboration interentreprises ont été étudiées pour déterminer les conditions requises à l’instauration des ententes de collaboration. Les résultats démontrent que le succès de la collaboration est initialement une question de volonté, mais aussi de contexte favorable. Ce succès peut toutefois être compromis par plusieurs facteurs dont le manque de confiance. Le cadre de référence permet d’outrepasser les différences individuelles des entreprises pour qu’elles puissent saisir les opportunités de collaboration. L’identification des besoins de l’entreprise et de son potentiel de collaboration est une prémisse essentielle à l’instauration des ententes de collaboration. Le cadre de référence des relations de collaboration illustre ainsi la progression entre différents niveaux de collaboration structurés en huit dimensions. Une application du cadre de référence à une situation fictive de collaboration a finalement permis de démontrer son adaptabilité au contexte forestier québécois. La collaboration, principalement la mutualisation des ressources, permet aux entreprises forestières de mieux utiliser les capacités de production existantes.
New forms of unknown competition between forestry companies have emerged in the last decade. To perform, forest companies need to find new organizational strategies to increase their competitiveness and agility. The challenge is to balance their production capacity so it can be enough to meet variation in the demand without becoming in excess and unutilized. This study focusses on the strategy of inter-firm collaboration, more specifically resource sharing (expertise, equipment, financial) between competing forest companies. The main objective is to develop a framework to help forest companies grasping more collaboration opportunities. As a first step, one-on-one interviews were done with eight forest companies to assess comprehension and willingness about collaboration. In a second step, the conceptual dimensions of business collaboration were discussed in a focus group with 14 forest companies. Finally, four business collaboration cases were explored to determine the required conditions for collaborative agreements. Results show that the success of the collaboration is mostly a matter of willingness but also favorable context. This success, however, can be compromised by several factors including lack of trust. The proposed framework enables to go beyond companies’ individual differences to seize collaboration opportunities. Identifying business needs and its collaboration potential is therefore an essential premise for developing collaboration agreements. The framework for collaborative relationships illustrates the progression between different levels of structured collaboration in eight dimensions. The application of the reference framework to a fictitious situation of collaboration has finally demonstrated its adaptability to the Quebec forestry context. Collaboration, mainly the pooling of resources, allows forest companies to make better use of existing production capacities.
New forms of unknown competition between forestry companies have emerged in the last decade. To perform, forest companies need to find new organizational strategies to increase their competitiveness and agility. The challenge is to balance their production capacity so it can be enough to meet variation in the demand without becoming in excess and unutilized. This study focusses on the strategy of inter-firm collaboration, more specifically resource sharing (expertise, equipment, financial) between competing forest companies. The main objective is to develop a framework to help forest companies grasping more collaboration opportunities. As a first step, one-on-one interviews were done with eight forest companies to assess comprehension and willingness about collaboration. In a second step, the conceptual dimensions of business collaboration were discussed in a focus group with 14 forest companies. Finally, four business collaboration cases were explored to determine the required conditions for collaborative agreements. Results show that the success of the collaboration is mostly a matter of willingness but also favorable context. This success, however, can be compromised by several factors including lack of trust. The proposed framework enables to go beyond companies’ individual differences to seize collaboration opportunities. Identifying business needs and its collaboration potential is therefore an essential premise for developing collaboration agreements. The framework for collaborative relationships illustrates the progression between different levels of structured collaboration in eight dimensions. The application of the reference framework to a fictitious situation of collaboration has finally demonstrated its adaptability to the Quebec forestry context. Collaboration, mainly the pooling of resources, allows forest companies to make better use of existing production capacities.
Pelletier, Marie-Louise. "Déclin et mutation : l'évolution juridique de l'entreprise publique de service public." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20406.
Full textPlamondon, Myriam. "Exposition aux risques psychosociaux et détresse psychologique des travailleurs québécois selon la taille d'entreprise." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30356/30356.pdf.
Full textWorkplaces impact significantly on employees’ psychological health. Even if small and medium sized enterprises (SME) contribute largely as employers in Quebec, mental health and psychosocial work environment issues remain misunderstood. Using a representative sample of Quebec’ working population of 4608 workers, this study aims to compare the psychosocial work environment and psychological health in Quebec organizations based on their size. Furthermore, three managers working full time in SMEs were interviewed. Results suggest that even though psychological distress does not vary with organization’s size, individuals working for very small enterprises are less likely to be exposed to effort-reward imbalance and to job strain than those from small, medium and large organizations. Also, the relationship between psychosocial risks and psychological distress differs according size. Practitioners and intervention researchers should take into account of these differences and adapt organizational interventions depending on the organization’s size and its particular needs. Keywords: small and medium sized enterprises, psychological health at work, psychosocial risks, psychosocial work environment, psychological distress, organizational size, efforts-rewards imbalance, job strain.
Idrissi, Fakhreddine Moulay Othman. "L'innovation ouverte dans le cas des PME manufacturières." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28804/28804.pdf.
Full textRecent developments regarding the nature of the process of innovation have led us to try to better understand this process among firms, in particular among small and medium enterprises (SMEs). These recent developments indicate the interactive and open nature of innovation which is represented by the model of open innovation, according to Chesbrough (2003a; b). In this model, firms spend little on R&D and nevertheless are able to innovate : they rely on the knowledge and expertise of a wide range of actors and external sources (Laursen et Salter, 2006). The open innovation model has become, according to the report of the 2009 CST of, one of the major trends in the world. In its report entitled : Innovation ouverte, enjeux et défis pour le Québec, this institution promotes the benefits of this innovation model and proposes to accelerate its adoption by Quebec manufacturing firms. In this context, this thesis aims to contribute to this effort by studying a particular aspect of the open innovation model, namely openness. Introduced by Laursen and Salter in 2004, openness is a concept that primarily reflects the number (breadth) and intensity (depth) of the external sources of information used by the firm in the development or improvement of its products or processes. Openness has been widely studied in the context of large U.S. (Chesbrough, 2003a; b) and European companies (Laursen et Salter, 2004; 2006; Criscuolo et al., 2006; Reichstein et Salter, 2006; Lichtenthaler, 2008a). In the context of SMEs, the studies concerned with openness are still scanty, with only a few studies from the Republic of Korea and Europe. In Canada, especially Quebec, studies that focus on openness in SMEs are almost nonexistent. In this sense, it is necessary to fill this gap and to further explore the innovative behavior of SMEs under the care of the open innovation model. Innovation in SMEs, explained in part by the open innovation model, raises the complexity of the relations (Huizingh, 2011) between the different factors that traditionally explain innovation in SMEs. This need was at the origin of the first research objective in this thesis : 1. Study the determinants which explain the complex relationships that exist between the factors explaining innovation in SMEs under the care of the open innovation model. In addition to this objective, other gaps have been identified in the literature related to the open innovation model, including the second and third objectives of this research : 2. Study the degree of openness of SMEs through the dimensions of the breadth and depth, and the determinants related to varying degrees of openness. 3. Study the complementarity or substitution of SMEs to the openness towards the various sources of external information, and the determinants related to the openness towards these different sources. The results of this thesis and its contributions deducted from the three empirical parts are distributed according to the specific objectives that are raised, and these include : 1. The study of this first objective has led us to deepen our understanding of the theoretical approaches that would be complementary in the explanation of innovation in SMEs. In this sense, the literature review has led us to suggest an integrative conceptual framework which seems to us more appropriate to understand the complex relationships between the various factors which explain innovation in SMEs. It is primarily the open innovation model, the resource-based theory, and the regional innovation system approach. This is a very important theoretical contribution from this thesis. Also, the use of the path analysis has helped to empirically clarify the complex relationships between the determinants of innovation in SMEs. In particular, it is has shown that openness has a direct and indirect effect on the degree of novelty of the surveyed SMEs. The indirect importance of regional and national proximities through the openness on the degree of novelty in these firms has also been highlighted too. 2. The use of the cluster analysis based on the dimensions of openness, breadth and depth, has led to propose four classes of SMEs which differ by their degree of openness : closed SMEs, interactive SMEs, user SMEs and open SMEs. Moreover, in this empirical part of the thesis, by using multinomial and binary logistic regression models, it was possible to show that the variables related to regional and national proximities, as well as the variables related to the internal barriers to innovation, contribute very significantly to explain the probability that SMEs belong to a class of SMEs with a high degree of openness rather than to a class of SMEs with a low degree of openness. 3. The use of the structural equation model and of the Multivariate Probit (MVP) model has, on the one hand, confirmed our assumption related to the complementarity among the four categories of external sources of information (market sources, generally available information sources, research sources, and regional resources) and, on the other hand, the MVP model has confirmed the importance of national and regional proximities in the explanation of the openness to different categories of sources of external information. Finally, a general conclusion of this thesis is revealed in light of the results obtained in the three empirical parts of this thesis : in addition to the importance of openness for the innovation process of the surveyed SMEs, it should be noted that geographical proximity as considered in this thesis, is also important. In this sense, one can only hope for a major implication for policy makers concerned with policy innovation, involvement that could lead to the consideration, and as far as the promotion, of the crucial character of proximity, so that SMEs can get the maximum benefit from relationships with their close partners.
Lambert-Slythe, Anne-Frédérique. "Évaluation de l'efficacité des interventions organisationnelles mises en oeuvre dans le cadre de la norme "Entreprises en santé" : Impacts sur la conciliation travail-vie personnelle et l'état de santé globale des travailleurs du Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27942.
Full textImpact of the Quebec Healthy Enterprise Standard on work-life balance and self-rated health among employees Background and Objectives: Work-life balance (WLB) refers to the harmonization of one’s professional and personal roles. In Quebec, 40 to 47% of workers report work-life conflict; a state researchers suggest may be associated with various mental and physical health problems. An increasing number of companies are implementing measures to promote WLB, but their effects on workers’ health are not well known. Implemented in 2008, the Quebec Healthy Enterprise Standard (HES) targets four intervention areas, including WLB. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of HES implementation on workers’ WLB and their self-rated health (SRH). Methods: This was an intervention study with a before-after design. All active employees of ten Quebec companies were solicited to complete a questionnaire before (n=2849) and 24 to 38 months after (n=2560) HES implementation. Results: The overall results show a deterioration of WLB and SRH. Of the two companies that implemented specific interventions to promote WLB, only one implemented recognized interventions (flexible schedule and telecommute). In this company, a slight improvement in WLB as well as an increase in the prevalence of negative SRH was observed. The second company conducted information sessions on WLB and deterioration in WLB was observed. Conclusions: This is the first study to assess the association between implemented measures and WLB or SRH over such a long period of time and in such a large sample. The results of this study illustrate the need to and the importance of implementing concrete and recognized interventions in order to improve workers’ WLB and SRH.
Véronneau, Éric. "Analyse socio-spatiale des réseaux d'affaires des PME manufacturières : le cas de la MRC de Drummondville." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25679.
Full textEn fait, le principal défi scientifique consiste à développer des méthodes qui permettent une analyse dynamique de l’effet des réseaux sur la performance des entreprises. La réalisation de 23 entrevues en profondeur auprès de PME manufacturières innovatrices de la région de Drummondville située au cœur de la province de Québec (Canada) et le développement d’une méthode d’acquisition et d’analyse de données novatrice ont mené à des résultats concluants. Ce travail de recherche démontre, entre autres, que les entreprises les plus performantes ont des réseaux beaucoup plus vastes sur le plan spatial, tout en conservant un noyau relationnel local très fort. Il ressort également que la structure et la dynamique des réseaux évoluent significativement avec la trajectoire ou le degré d’expérience de l’entreprise. De plus, la méthodologie développée permet d’analyser l’effet combiné de la proximité organisationnelle et de la proximité spatiale sur la performance des entreprises de manière convaincante. Ceci constitue une approche prometteuse qui répond aux défis scientifiques proposés par la littérature récente.
Laghzaoui, Soulaimane. "Les pratiques de surveillance de l'environnement des PME exportatrices : application aux PME québecoises." Aix-Marseille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX32052.
Full textCloutier, Amélie. "Les déterminants de la coopération en matière d'innovation au sein des PME manufacturières." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/40073.
Full textManufacturing SMEs face significant pressure to innovate; however, their ability to do so ishampered by limited resources. Innovation cooperation is proving to be a promising avenue toincrease their innovation capacity and to compete in a competitive market. This thesis aims toadvance the knowledge on the levers and the brakes of practicing innovation cooperation which hasbeen proven to stimulate the innovation capacity of organizations. Overall, this thesis analyzes theconditions that explain the use and the intensity of the practice among manufacturing SMEs. Thus,it highlights the elements which managers, stakeholders and policy makers, involved in thedevelopment and promotion of innovation in companies, would be interested in taking action on topromote it.More specifically, a systematic review of the literature firstly made it possible to better define theconcept and identify the determinants of innovation cooperation tested in the literature, in thecontext of quantitative analyses conducted with manufacturing SMEs. It crystallizes the acquiredknowledge by identifying, synthesizing and discussing 53 determinants and 220 unique measuresfrom a vast and heterogeneous literary corpus. It introduces a conceptual framework bringingtogether different perspectives to approach this concept by presenting a global and integratedvision of the subject. The latter groups together the determinants into six broad categories that are,from general to specific, related to the following characteristics: environmental, industrial,organizational, individual, partnership and project. This systematic review also identifies currentgaps in the literature. The provided research perspectives establish a basis for future research onthe subject, organizing and building on the literature that has been published so far.Following these findings from the systematic review, an Internet and telephone survey wereconducted with leaders of manufacturing SMEs (n = 273) which allowed to collect data to refine theunderstanding of the phenomenon under study. The Chaudière-Appalaches region was selectedbecause of its high concentration of entrepreneurs, manufacturing companies and rate ofinnovation, making it a very attractive territory to study this phenomenon.Statistical analyses were conducted to obtain a regional portrait of the innovation cooperationpractices of manufacturing SMEs. The regressions identified the levers and brakes that affect thepropensity of manufacturing SMEs to cooperate on innovation. They were compared with theintensity of innovation cooperation with market partners (customers, competitors, consultants, andsuppliers) and research partners (laboratories, post-secondary institutions, technology transfercenters, and universities). These multinomial comparisons are a contribution in the innovationcooperation literature which is dominated by binary analyses. The impacts of the main brakes andlevers have been hierarchized.” Empirical analyses suggest that innovation cooperation is favoredby several key determinants, with important differences between the determinants of cooperationpropensity and intensity in innovation.Fuzzy-set analyses made it possible to identify that no condition is necessary and sufficient for afirm to cooperate in innovation. Various configurations of conditions, however, are conducive to thispractice. Some key levers are shown to have a significant impact on the use of this practice,including a bigger size (number of employees) and more R & D employees. Nevertheless, theleader's networking can replace this in some instances.The outlined research avenues pave the way for further advances on the concept.
Deschambault-Lepage, Marie-Ève. "Crise du syndicalisme et processus de revitalisation du mouvement des travailleuses dans l'industrie montréalaise de la confection : étude de cas et analyse critique de l'émergence de nouvelles alliances et de nouveaux acteurs parmi les employées vulnérables à l'ère du capitalisme global et flexible." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28910/28910.pdf.
Full textDupont, Benoit. "La gestion de projet pour des produits d'innovation : construction et application d'un modèle normatif." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30214/30214.pdf.
Full textThis thesis presents a prescriptive model for projects that develop innovative products. Its prescriptive character and its universality stem from 11 axioms or axiomatic propositions. It is constructed to find a solution to the general problematic of project management effectiveness (getting results) and efficiency (getting results with less energy). The model is composed of a structure on the operational level and of a design on the managerial level. Two teams, three functions and five roles are the constitutive elements of the model. The construction of the prescriptive model is the result of extensive theoretical and practical research. The study of literature starts with a presentation of classical authors on work organization; it extends into an analysis on the Aston group and the contingency theory and it ends with a study of the matrix structure and the project management concept. This work generates a general conceptual approach on the specificities of project management, its work mode and its work organization. The empirical research uses the action-research methodology and was conducted in EXFO, an innovative company based in Quebec City. Action research implemented the prescriptive model in the company’s R & D and put it into practice on an actual innovative project of the Project Management Office. The research demonstrates that the prescriptive model is simple, practical and reliable. It also makes clear that in-depth assimilation of the model’s concepts, roles and functions is challenging and time-consuming.
Ghanbari, Atiyeh. "Les politiques publiques d'aide financière à la production des films de long métrage au Québec : analyse d'un débat public." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26523/26523.pdf.
Full textCastonguay, Yan. "L'impact des proximités sur la capacité d'innovation des entreprises." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29047/29047.pdf.
Full textRasmüssen, Louis. "Relations de coopération-concurrence industrielle régionale : le cas de la sous-traitance entre la multinationale Alcan et les PME de la région du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19543.
Full textKnani, Mouna. "Présentéisme en contexte des petites et moyennes entreprises : étude des déterminants individuels et psychosociaux." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36278.
Full textLa problématique du présentéisme, venir travailler malgré les problèmes de santé, mérite encore un développement théorique et empirique. Un examen de la littérature montre que : (1) les travaux sur le présentéisme sont majoritairement athéoriques, en ce qui concerne notamment la relation entre risques psychosociaux (RPS) et présentéisme; (2) la relation entre présentéisme et santé est peu examinée dans la littérature ; (3) les facteurs de motivation (positifs) permettant d’expliquer le présentéisme sont peu connus; (4) le présentéisme demeure une problématique peu examinée dans les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME); et (5) l’effet de la taille de l’entreprise sur le présentéisme et ses corrélats n’a pas été étudié. A la lueur de ces constats, l’objectif général de la thèse est de mieux comprendre les déterminants individuels et psychosociaux du présentéisme en contexte de PME. Le premier article de la thèse développe des propositions théoriques sur les déterminants individuels, organisationnels et psychosociaux du présentéisme dans les PME. Il est proposé qu’en raison du contexte particulier de gestion des ressources humaines (GRH) et de santé et sécurité du travail (SST), employés de PME sont plus exposés aux risques psychosociaux tels que des demandes psychologiques excessives, une faible latitude décisionnelle et l’insécurité d’emploi comparativement aux grandes entreprises. Quant au climat social des PME, il est souvent familial et caractérisé par une proximité entre les travailleurs et les dirigeants. En retour, ces facteurs psychosociaux augmentent le risque de se présenter au travail malade. Ces postulats amènent également à questionner si la taille de l’entreprise exacerbe les relations entre les facteurs psychosociaux et le présentéisme. Ce manuscrit conceptuel contribue à mieux comprendre la problématique du présentéisme dans les PME et permet de développer les assises théoriques de ses déterminants individuels et psychosociaux. Le deuxième article valide certaines propositions théoriques issues de l’article conceptuel. L’article propose un modèle intégrateur examinant les relations entre les RPS issus de deux modèles théoriques « Demande-Contrôle-Soutien » (DCS) et « Déséquilibre Efforts-Récompenses » (DER), le présentéisme et la santé mentale et physique de l’employé. L’article détermine par ailleurs 1) s’il existe des différences entre les petites (PE), moyennes (ME) et grandes (GE) entreprises en termes d’exposition aux RPS 2) de prévalence du présentéisme ainsi que 3) l’effet de la taille sur la force des relations entre risques psychosociaux, présentéisme et santé mentale et physique. L’échantillon total comprend 4608 répondants. Un modèle d’équations structurelles est testé à l’aide des données collectées dans le cadre de l’Enquête québécoise sur les conditions de travail, d’emploi et de santé et de sécurité du travail (EQCOTESST). Le modèle obtenu suggère que les demandes psychologiques élevées, le faible soutien social et le déséquilibre effort-reconnaissance favorisent le présentéisme qui, en retour, est associé à davantage de problèmes de santé mentale et physique. Les résultats montrent également que : 1) les employés des GE sont plus exposés aux demandes psychologiques élevées et au faible soutien social que les employés des PE. Par contre, les employés des PE sont davantage exposés au déséquilibre effort-récompenses que les employés des GE; 2) La prévalence du présentéisme est plus faible dans les petites entreprises comparativement aux moyennes et aux grandes; 3) la taille de l’entreprise ne modère pas la force des relations entre risques psychosociaux, présentéisme et santé. Ce dernier résultat implique que peu importe la taille de l’entreprise, les pressions que subissent l’individu ont le même effet sur sa tendance à se présenter malade, et sur les conséquences de ce choix sur sa santé...
The issue of presenteeism, attending work when ill, warrants further theoretical and empirical research. A literature review on the topic shows that (1) research on the relationship between psychosocial risks and presenteeism is largely atheoretical, (2) few studies have investigated the relationship between presenteeism and health, (3) positive motivational factors explaining presenteeism have been ignored, (4) presenteeism has not been considered in the context of small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs), and (5) the effect of company size on presenteeism levels has not been studied. The general objective of the thesis is to better understand the individual and psychosocial determinants of presenteeism in SMEs. The first paper in the thesis aims to develop theoretical propositions to explain presenteeism in SMEs. It is proposed that the particular context of human resource management (HRM), occupational health and safety (OHS) affect the psychosocial environment of SMEs. The paper posits that employees at SMEs are more susceptible to psychosocial risks such as heavy job demands, poor social support, lack of job control, and job insecurity, and therefore to presenteeism than employees at large companies. It is proposed that the relationships between the psychosocial work environment and presenteeism are exacerbated in the context of SMEs. Individual factors including commitment, owner-manager behavior, and financial insecurity are also viewed as promoting presenteeism. This concept paper will help people better understand presenteeism in SMEs and develop a theoretical foundation for its individual and psychosocial determinants, considering the SME working environment. The second paper tests some of the propositions detailed in the first conceptual paper. It explores the relationship between the psychosocial risks of two theoretical models (the demand-controlsupport model [DCS] and the effort-reward imbalance model [ERI]), presenteeism, and employee mental and physical health. The paper also assesses the effect of company size on the level of exposure to psychosocial risks and presenteeism, as well as the correlation among psychosocial risks, presenteeism, and health. A structural equation model was tested using data collected as part of Enquête québécoise sur les conditions de travail, d’emploi et de santé et de sécurité du travail (EQCOTESST, N = 4,608 respondents. This model suggests that job demands, poor social support, and effort-reward imbalance encourage presenteeism, which in turn is associated with more mental and physical health problems. The results also show that: 1) employees in large entreprises are more exposed to high job demands and low social support compared to employees in small businesses. However, workers in small businesses are more exposed to effort-rewards imbalance; 2) The prevalence of presenteeism is lower in small businesses compared to medium and large; 3) The company's size does not moderate the strength of the relationship between psychosocial risks, presenteeism and health. This last result implies that no matter the size of the business, the pressures on the individual have the same effect on choosing to work while ill, and on the consequences of that choice on health...
Croce, Francesca, and Francesca Croce. "Entrepreneuriat Féminin Autochtone : une enquête qualitative exploratoire sur les expériences entrepreneuriales des femmes Ilnuatsh dans le contexte communautaire de la Première Nation des Pekuakamiulnuatsh." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37747.
Full textL’entrepreneuriat féminin autochtone (EFA) est considéré aujourd’hui comme un thème de recherche émergent. Il suscite un intérêt de plus en plus important pour les décideurs de politiques publiques et les organisations internationales. En effet, il a été qualifié comme une stratégie afin d’améliorer les conditions de vie des femmes autochtones, qui sont partout dans le monde, malheureusement, victimes de discrimination et de plusieurs formes de violence systémique. Malgré l’intérêt que suscite le développement socioéconomique des femmes autochtones, la carence actuelle des études sur le sujet nuit à la compréhension des caractéristiques de l’EFA, qui demeure aujourd’hui un sujet d’étude très peu exploré, particulièrement par la communauté de chercheurs en administration et en entrepreneuriat. En conséquence, le présent projet de recherche doctorale vise à combler cette lacune, à la fois théorique et empirique, grâce à la réalisation d’une enquête qualitative sur les expériences entrepreneuriales des femmes autochtones. Grâce à une démarche qualitative exploratoire, collaborative et participative avec le milieu communautaire, la présente enquête qualitative sur les expériences entrepreneuriales des femmes a été réalisée au cours de l’été 2018 au sein d’une communauté autochtone du Québec, soit la communauté de Mashteuiatsh, qui appartient à la Première Nation des Pekuakamiulnuatsh. Cette enquête a été réalisée auprès de 22 femmes entrepreneures Ilnuatsh et de 5 acteurs du développement économique de la communauté. Ce projet de recherche doctorale s’inscrit dans les approches critiques en entrepreneuriat visant à élargir l’analyse de l’EFA aux aspects traditionnels de l’entrepreneuriat ainsi qu’aux modes de vie propres aux femmes autochtones. Par sa démarche exploratoire, donc, ce projet de recherche fait état des connaissances actuelles sur les expériences entrepreneuriales des femmes Ilnuatsh, tout en promouvant leur vision de l’entrepreneuriat et leur vécu, et en expliquant comment le contexte communautaire influence leurs expériences entrepreneuriales. Les résultats de l’enquête de terrain exploratoire ont permis de mettre en lumière dix thèmes émergents liés à l’analyse de l’EFA : 1) Motivations; 2) Valeurs; 3) Autoreprésentation de la EFA; 4) Obstacles; 5) Facteurs facilitants; 6) Savoir-faire local; 7) Rôle de la femme; 8) Modes de vie et traditions; 9) Perception de l’entrepreneuriat; 10) Hybridité entrepreneuriale. De plus, le corpus empirique a permis de reconstituer l’analyse du contexte communautaire afin de contextualiser et de mieux comprendre les expériences entrepreneuriales des femmes autochtones entrepreneures dans leur contexte d’action. Les résultats de cette recherche viennent combler la lacune scientifique existante sur le phénomène de l’EFA et remettent aussi en question les fondements épistémologiques de la discipline de l’entrepreneuriat « classique », telle qu’elle est divulguée et connue aujourd’hui dans l’académie. Sur le plan pratique, les résultats de cette recherche doctorale fournissent aux praticiens des recommandations visant particulièrement le développement de l’EFA et l’amélioration des initiatives existantes. Sur le plan social, cette recherche favorisera, tant par le processus utilisé que par la diffusion des résultats, l’intégration des femmes autochtones dans l’activité économique de la province de Québec, tout comme au niveau national et international, et une plus grande implication des femmes dans le développement socioéconomique de leur communauté autochtone d’appartenance. Mots clés : Approches critiques, contexte communautaire, enquête qualitative, entrepreneuriat, expériences entrepreneuriales, femmes autochtones, Québec.
Nowadays, Indigenous women entrepreneurship (IWE) is considered as an emerging research theme. It attracts a growing interest from policy-makers and international organizations. Indeed, it was described as a strategy to improve the living conditions of indigenous women, who are unfortunately considered everywhere in the world as victims of discrimination and several forms of systemic violence. There is an interest in the socio-economic development of indigenous women, but there are also insufficient studies on the topic, which undermines the understanding of the IWE characteristics. IWE is still very little explored by the research community, especially in administration and entrepreneurship. As a result, this doctoral research project aims to fill this gap, both theoretically and empirically, by conducting a qualitative survey on the entrepreneurial experiences of indigenous women. Using a qualitative and exploratory approach, with the cooperation and the participation of the community, this qualitative survey on the entrepreneurial experiences of indigenous women was conducted during the summer of 2018 in an indigenous community within the Province of Québec: the community of Mashteuiatsh, which belongs to the Pekuakamiulnuatsh First Nation. This qualitative survey is based on 22 women entrepreneurs Ilnuatsh and 5 actors of the economic development of the community. This doctoral research project is inspired by critical approaches to entrepreneurship and aims at broadening the analysis of IWE to the traditional aspects of entrepreneurship and to indigenous women’s lifestyles. Through its exploratory approach, this research project reports current knowledge of the entrepreneurial experiences of Ilnuatsh women, while promoting their experiences and vision of entrepreneurship, and explains how the community context impacts their entrepreneurial experiences. The results of this exploratory survey highlight 10 emergent themes related to the IWE analysis: 1) Motivations; 2) Values; 3) Self-representation of the IWE; 4) Obstacles; 5) Facilitating factors; 6) Local know-how; 7) Role of the indigenous woman; 8) Lifestyles and traditions; 9) Perception of entrepreneurship; 10) Entrepreneurial hybridity. In addition, the empirical body of work has allowed the analysis of the community context to be reconstructed in order to contextualize and better understand the entrepreneurial experiences of indigenous women entrepreneurs in their context of action. The results of this research help fill the existing scientific gap on IWE, and also challenge the epistemological foundations of the “classic” entrepreneurship as disclosed and known today within the academy. In practical terms, the results of this doctoral research provide practitioners with specific recommendations for the development of IWE as well as the improvement of existing initiatives. In social terms, through the process used and the disclosure of results, this research will contribute to a better integration of indigenous women in the economic activity of the Province of Québec, and both at a national and international level, and to a greater involvement of indigenous women in the socioeconomic development of their home indigenous communities. Keywords: Critical approaches, community context, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial experiences, Indigenous women, qualitative inquiry, Québec.
Nowadays, Indigenous women entrepreneurship (IWE) is considered as an emerging research theme. It attracts a growing interest from policy-makers and international organizations. Indeed, it was described as a strategy to improve the living conditions of indigenous women, who are unfortunately considered everywhere in the world as victims of discrimination and several forms of systemic violence. There is an interest in the socio-economic development of indigenous women, but there are also insufficient studies on the topic, which undermines the understanding of the IWE characteristics. IWE is still very little explored by the research community, especially in administration and entrepreneurship. As a result, this doctoral research project aims to fill this gap, both theoretically and empirically, by conducting a qualitative survey on the entrepreneurial experiences of indigenous women. Using a qualitative and exploratory approach, with the cooperation and the participation of the community, this qualitative survey on the entrepreneurial experiences of indigenous women was conducted during the summer of 2018 in an indigenous community within the Province of Québec: the community of Mashteuiatsh, which belongs to the Pekuakamiulnuatsh First Nation. This qualitative survey is based on 22 women entrepreneurs Ilnuatsh and 5 actors of the economic development of the community. This doctoral research project is inspired by critical approaches to entrepreneurship and aims at broadening the analysis of IWE to the traditional aspects of entrepreneurship and to indigenous women’s lifestyles. Through its exploratory approach, this research project reports current knowledge of the entrepreneurial experiences of Ilnuatsh women, while promoting their experiences and vision of entrepreneurship, and explains how the community context impacts their entrepreneurial experiences. The results of this exploratory survey highlight 10 emergent themes related to the IWE analysis: 1) Motivations; 2) Values; 3) Self-representation of the IWE; 4) Obstacles; 5) Facilitating factors; 6) Local know-how; 7) Role of the indigenous woman; 8) Lifestyles and traditions; 9) Perception of entrepreneurship; 10) Entrepreneurial hybridity. In addition, the empirical body of work has allowed the analysis of the community context to be reconstructed in order to contextualize and better understand the entrepreneurial experiences of indigenous women entrepreneurs in their context of action. The results of this research help fill the existing scientific gap on IWE, and also challenge the epistemological foundations of the “classic” entrepreneurship as disclosed and known today within the academy. In practical terms, the results of this doctoral research provide practitioners with specific recommendations for the development of IWE as well as the improvement of existing initiatives. In social terms, through the process used and the disclosure of results, this research will contribute to a better integration of indigenous women in the economic activity of the Province of Québec, and both at a national and international level, and to a greater involvement of indigenous women in the socioeconomic development of their home indigenous communities. Keywords: Critical approaches, community context, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial experiences, Indigenous women, qualitative inquiry, Québec.
Côté, Josée. "Financiarisation, gouvernance et enjeux éthiques dans les restructurations industrielles." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26095.
Full textDans le cadre de la restructuration d’entreprise du holding Papiers White Birch, les retraités ont vu leur fonds de retraite fondre alors que l’entreprise a demandé la fermeture du régime de retraite à prestations déterminées. Comment notre système juridique arrive-t-il à permettre un tel dénouement qui semble en faveur des acteurs économiques au détriment des retraités ? À partir de l’étude de cas de Papiers White Birch, cette recherche ouvre la boîte noire du déroulement de la restructuration, analyse les enjeux éthiques et interroge la nature des notions d’intérêt public et de justice sociale au cœur du processus canadien de restructuration d’entreprise sous la Loi sur les arrangements avec les créanciers des compagnies (LACC). Cette étude permet de revisiter la notion de justice sociale à partir du concept de capabilité développé par Amartya Sen et d'en proposer une application en contexte de restructuration sous la LACC.
Within the framework of the restructuring of White Birch Paper Holdings, the retirees have seen their pension fund melt away as the Company requested the closing of the defined benefit plan. How can our judicial system arrive at permitting this solution which seems to favour the interests of industry over that of retirees? From the case study of White Birch Paper, this research paper does the following: it opens the 'black box' of the unfolding of the company's restructuring, it provides an analysis of the ethical issues and, finally, it questions the notions of public interest and social justice at the heart of the methods of the Canadian Companies' Creditors Arrangement Act (CCAA). This study allows the idea of revisiting the notion of social justice from the concept of capability developed by Amartya Sen and proposes an application in the context of restructuring under the CCAA.