Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Entreprises étrangères – Afrique subsaharienne'
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Bost, François. "Les entreprises françaises en Afrique sub-saharienne : strategies et dynamiques spatiales." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100146.
Full textHistory, economy and policy are the main factors which explain why the French forces were so important in west and central Africa. Until a short time ago, companies were in a euphoric period. That's why this part of the world has begun to be one of the most important areas for the French external business and also for the increase of companies number. With the establishment of the economic crisis in the 80', companies have turned their strategies into including this new context. At this time, big companies have maintained themselves, but number of the smaller has decreased significally. Nevertheless, during this period, French companies have discovered the rest of Africa and are begun to be more and more interested in countries as Kenya, Nigeria or south Africa. But in analyzing all French investments it appears that they are staying at a low in Africa, which is not a priority, instead of Europe, north America or Asia
Koanda, Mady. "Contribution à la connaissance du comportement financier et des performances financières des entreprises industrielles en Afrique : une application de la théorie de l'agence." Poitiers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005POIT4002.
Full textThe financial behavior and performances of industrial firms in sub-Saharan countries (Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Niger and Senegal) have been analysed on the basis of the positive theory of agency. The notion of African enterprise as “nexus of contracts” leads to distinguish three types of enterprises : the “monitoring” enterprise, the “community” enterprise and the public enterprise. The model chosen bring to the core problem of separation of ownership rights from decision-making rights as well as the conflicts of interests and agency costs that are entailed. It mainly takes into account one specificity of African environment : the community pressure, family and clan influence on enterprise management in Africa. Taking the agency's relation into consideration to analyze the interpretation of financial decisions and performances leads to convincing results. On the basis of findings of a survey from principal officials of enterprises and on the collection of accounting and financial data, uni-varied and multi-varied statistics processing were carried out to test three (3) research hypotheses. In many cases, the organizational design namely type of agency relation influences the expected financial behavior. The various financial objectives connected to the financial function are different according to the organizational design. The investment policy is under optimal and it depends on the type of the firm. As a result, there is an underinvestment or an overinvestment regarding the type of the firm. Generally speaking, the basic financial decisions made within African firms are explained by the need of the management of the agency relation and they corroborate in this way the conjectures of financial agency theory. Thus, the firms have set some targets that contribute to manage the basic conflict of interests. Indebtedness is a way that enables the “monitoring” firms to reduce overinvestment. The conflict of interests, which is particularly hard between banks and “community” firms, is the main cause of underinvestment. The performances of African firms are connected to the organizational design. While “monitoring” firms are successful from the shareholders point of view (return on equity), “community” firms are successful according to the contracting parties (return of assets). Concerning public firms, they are not successful at all
Caradec, Toussaint. "La contribution des micro-entreprises du secteur informel au développement économique et social de l'Afrique subsaharienne." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010037.
Full textMahamat-Idriss, Hassan. "Création et développement des entreprises en Afrique : cas du Cameroun et du Tchad." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2010_out_mahamat_idriss_h.pdf.
Full textThe company is the motor of growth and economic development. The entrepreneur is its builder. He contributes to the creation of, riches, jobs and guarantees the social cohesion. Industrialized nations have proved that the wealth is acquired through creation, imagination and innovation which are the virtues of the entrepreneur. Our thesis reveals the obstacles which prevent the creation and the development of companies in Africa, particularly in the CEMAC zone. It also presents perspectives to fight against the failures of the financial and banking systems which are expressed by a financial excess liquidity, a weakness of the investment environment and an asymmetry of information about companies. These failures constitute the main explicative factors of the high cost of credit for VSE (Very Small Enterprise) and SME (Small and Medium-sized Enterprise) which creates a climate of mistrust in business. Such constraints concerning informal economy are explained by an administrative red tape and by the scarcity of bank loans. The restructuration of the banking and financial sectors of the CEMAC zone is necessary to encourage entrepreneurship
Benrabia, Nora. "Choix organisationnels et institutions : la réforme du secteur des déchets ménagers en Afrique subsaharienne." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002VERS010S.
Full textThe opening to private of the sector of domestic waste in sub-Saharan Africa subjects the sector to the organisational choice in a particular institutional context since the beginning of the years four vingt-dix. Indeed, the evolution of the public intervention in the development of the African economies knew great upheavals of which most recent is the passage of the paradigm of the consensus of Washington to that of good the gouvernance. From this point of view the role for the State is certainly rehabilitated, but according to a design minimalist and functionalist in order to reinforce the mechanisms of the market. It is an neo-institutional approach of the economic development which is privileged by the basic financial backers such as the World Bank. This context opens the way with the choice of new alternative organisational forms to traditional public management in the sector of domestic waste. The assessment of the first experiments of privatization of the public services in sub-Saharan Africa, put forward the conditions of the emergence of such reforms. Thus, the political feasibility of the reform proved to be determining impossible to circumvent. This one as well conditions the emergence of the reform, the organisational choice and the results of the reform according to a principle of interdependence between the institutional environment and the structure of gouvernance. This new grid of analysis of the reforms is anchored in the current of the néo-institutional analysis. This thesis shows that the question of the organisational choice in the sector of domestic waste does not escape this logic. We illustrate our matter starting from the case study of Dakar. By confronting the grid of analysis of the reforms according to sequences' of their attractivity, feasibility and credibility, we show that the reform engaged in Dakar in 1995 is contingent on a structure of gouvernance of particular hybrid form. If political dimension were at the origin of the reform, its effectiveness rests at the same time on the distribution of the redistributifs effects, the incentives of contractual arrangement and credible engagements of the parts in particular those of the public authorities
Chitou, Ibrahim. "La privatisation des entreprises du secteur moderne en Afrique subsaharienne : Bénin, Côte d'Ivoire, Sénégal, Togo." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010026.
Full textThera, Fatoma. "L'application et la réforme de l'acte uniforme de l'OHADA organisant les procédures collectives d'apurement du passif." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2010_out_thera_f.pdf.
Full textThe application and the reform of the Act of OHADA uniform procedures organizing collective liability of clearance the ohada Uniform Act organizing collective procedures for settlement of liabilities occupies a central place in business law and harmonized set by Member States of the organization. The procedures of preventive settlement, bankruptcy and liquidation of assets imposed by the community text aim at the safeguard of the company and the payment of creditors. However, the critical approach to their implementation and the rules, techniques and solutions to establish how they are equipped, reveal the existence of sluggishness, gaps and shortcomings that make them unable to achieve fully the goals assigned to them. It then becomes necessary in light of these findings to propose a deep reform of the text. This approach focuses on preserving the company with such activity and results materially by strengthening prevention and rehabilitation of bankruptcy proceedings and liquidation of assets. These levers which associate the freedom of the contractor and the intervention of the court ensure a balance between the purposes selected. Also, it appears very clearly that the work of construction of the law firms in difficulty from the OHADA brilliantly initiated by the legislator must be pursued
Monteiro, Samuel. "L'emploi dans les PME en Afrique Subsaharienne." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAD002.
Full textOf the two billion people expected to join the world population by 2050, over half are expected to come from sub-Saharan Africa. With an employed, educated and skilled population, the region could experience rapid and sustained economic growth, but this can only be achieved if countries in sub-Saharan Africa succeed in offering sufficient economic opportunities that can absorb their burgeoning workforce. As such, this research work focuses on the role of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in addressing sub-Saharan Africa’s significant employment needs and the issues surrounding the formalization of these jobs. Chapter 1 looks at quantitative job creation to determine whether African SMEs have a greater potential for job creation than large firms do. Using data from the World Bank's Enterprise Surveys, we test Gibrat's law, which states that size does not influence firm growth. We find that this law does not hold in Sub-Saharan Africa, i.e. small companies create more jobs than large companies. We show that the usual explanations (diminishing returns, the learning effect, optimal size) do not explain this rejection. We present a new hypothesis based on access to capital and argue that small firms have a lower capital-to-labor ratio because they overuse labor input due to financial constraints.Chapter 2 introduces the existing literature on informality in order to better understand the issues surrounding this phenomenon and the determinants that give rise to its widespread presence across sub-Saharan Africa. Chapter 3 explores employees' willingness to join a health insurance system by analyzing their individual preferences. We show that despite the preference for the present and the low aversion to risk that would predispose an individual not to obtain health insurance, employees expressed a significant increase in their willingness to enroll in a health insurance system after receiving information on the role and benefits thereof.Chapter 4 documents the impact of formalization on credit access. Through a probit model, we show that having a formal employment contract increases an employee’s probability of obtaining a bank loan by 23%. We argue that this effect is mainly due to the fact that a greater share of formal workers has a bank account than do informal workers. We find that other factors, such as gender, wage or level of education, do not have a significant impact on credit access
Kileou, Badayode. "Le processus de privatisation des entreprises publiques en Afrique subsaharienne : le cas du Togo." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010317.
Full textLike most developing countries, Togo, just after her independence in 1960, put into works an economic development strategie based on agricultural and mineral income. In the 1970s, the favorable evolution of world prices of her major export products, phosphate (price multiplied by 4 between 1974 and 1975), coffee and cocoa, greatly increased the budgetary income of the Togolese government. With this strong and unexpected increase of financial resources of the public sector, the Togolese authorities embarked on a development effort with a vaste expansion program of public investments augmenting the number of government-owned firms and para-statals, exclusively financed by foreign loans. In doing this, the state, without the participation of the private sector, played the major parts for it took not only the charge of the infrastructures but also that of the economy by establishing state and para-statal monopoly the administration of which turned out to be desastrous, selectif and sectorial policies far disconnected to macro-economic conditions. Rapidly, the period of economic well-beign came to an end in 1978 with the brutal fall in the world prices of raw materials. As from 1980, Togo has been experiencing grave economic and financial difficultues bringing her to change the life-style of the state, the number go government-owned firms, all these at the demand of (or in colaboration with) the international monetary fund (imf), guardian of international finance hence internal finance of each country, that does no tolerate financial misbehavior of state-owned firms. From then on, no one can deny this evidence : the privatization policy of state-owned firms is imposed on the Togolese authorities from outside the country. This explains the factofs and technical modalities retained for the privatization. Therefore, in general what to privatize ? How to privatize ? Here are the fondamental questions to which we have tried to respond much in strict judicial as in political terms by studying the Togolese case which is a common case in Africa
Ngoa, Tabi Henri. "Transition systémique et profil financier des entreprises publiques et parapubliques en Afrique sub-saharienne : Cas du Cameroun." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999VERS1002.
Full textThe economic crisis hitting most african countries leads to a complete systems economic transition despite of various obstacles. Thus, governmental firms, centerpieces of the cameroonian economy after several years of losses, are subject to a total restructuring sponsored by the government. This restructuring is applied by using the financial profile principle determining the control of companies' capital, the structure of the debt, and finally the corporate strategy in place. The outcome of recent studies on governmental and public/private - sector firms showed a financial profile with very high debts rates and a conglomeral growth strategy. However, in the dynamic of the financial profile taking place during a period of crisis along with the restructuring, the privatization and the liquidation, emerge a high increase of foreign and local funds in privatized companies, and a gradual withdrawal of governmental funds and responsibilities. By the same token, the establishment of a new financial profile, it is advisable to take southeastern asia as an example for the establishment of a more lasting development
Vacchiani-Marcuzzo, Céline. "Mondialisation et système de villes : les entreprises étrangères et l'évolution des agglomérations sud-africaines." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011351.
Full textDans les délimitations bien précises des agglomérations fonctionnelles, que nous avons constituées pour dix dates sur toute la période 1901-2001, nous mettons en évidence une croissance urbaine distribuée (processus de Gibrat), analogue à celle observée pour d'autres systèmes de villes et qui fait suite au processus de colonisation du territoire par les villes, observé jusque vers la fin du XIXe siècle. Cette modalité d'urbanisation fait de l'Afrique du Sud un des pays africains les plus avancés dans la transition urbaine (avec quelques 307 agglomérations urbaines en 2001).
L'internationalisation économique des villes est ensuite analysée, sur le temps long, par le biais des IDE (échantillon de 2751 entreprises étrangères en 2003) afin de mettre en évidence les reconfigurations spatiales, les dynamiques de concentration, d'accentuation des disparités ou au contraire de rattrapage entre les villes.
Au stade actuel du processus, en dépit d'une insertion ancienne du pays dans les échanges internationaux, les stratégies de localisation des entreprises étrangères contribuent, comme partout ailleurs, au renforcement du niveau métropolitain (au profit de Johannesburg surtout) et ne produisent plus de spécialisation urbaine très marquée. Cependant, à l'échelon supérieur, de la hiérarchie urbaine les sélections des investisseurs analysées sur le long terme révèlent l'amorce d'une dynamique de diffusion et de rééquilibrage territorial, à l'avantage des grandes villes côtières et de leurs périphéries.
Ouapou, Christophe. "Contribution à l'étude de la stratégie d'implantation des entreprises françaises dans les états de l'Afrique centrale : (Cameroun, Centrafrique, Congo, Gabon, Tchad)." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR1D306.
Full textFrench firmes locations in central africa is usually done by big businesses, whose establisliments, organizations is hylhy contralized, without local capital participations, but a production system well established, the mane objective being to anticipat competitions
Tchanou, Jean-Pierre. "Le pilotage stratégique des entreprises en Afrique subsaharienne, synthèse et considérations théoriques : un projet pour le Cameroun." Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX32047.
Full textProliferation of management's aids in firms today, allows to manage enterprise with a lot of clearsigted. However, it's a real problem when it's the matter of integrating this models think up for occidental society in the subsaharan african countries. And this for two main reasons : - these models don't take into account the specific environment of this countries. - subsaharan african countries and occidental society don't always follow the same aims. The concept mrt/mcs (management of technological ressources / complexity management) constitutes a way out for this specific environment
Saint-Alary, Eric. "L'adaptation de l'industrie aux chocs extérieurs en Afrique subsaharienne : Le cas du Ghana et du Sénégal." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010013.
Full textThe purpose of the thesis is to examine if and how stabilization measures taken in response of external shocks in Ghana and in Senegal have interfered with long term industrial development measures since the 1960's. A thorough analysis of structural weaknesses in the sector starts the research. A critical review of hypotheses and mechanisms referring to the standard models of dutch disease and construction booms follows. Two transmission channels - operating through relative prices and through variation of revenue - are identified by these models. Both types of indicators are then built to examine of shocks affects manufacturing in Ghana and in Senegal. Price effects appears to be quantitatively larger than revenue effects but they often contradict theoretical expectations. On the other hand, revenue effects reflects more accurately sectorial evolution. Finally, a study of competitiveness in the sector shows that its overall poor performance has to do with existing key contradictions between macro-economic stabilization and long term industrial policies in both countries
Mouko, Jean-Pierre. "Les dynamiques de l'économie informelle en Afrique subsaharienne : une étude empirique de la transition structurelle des micro-entreprises en République du Congo." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VERS011S.
Full textThe continuous expansion of the informal economy of the last four decades, the accelerated urbanization in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and the structural poverty in this continent underline the urgency of the structural transition of the micro-enterprise (MSME). This thesis suggests understanding the processes of birth, development and formalization of the MSME in SSA. It rests on an institutionalist approach which connects the MSME with its societal base. The study makes a synthesis of the explanatory theories of the informal economy and the micro-enterprise, and builds a reading grid of the structural transition of the MSME. The work is based on a survey led in 2011 with 279 urban micro-entrepreneurs of the Republic of the Congo. This thesis establishes a typology of the MSME in six groups from the size of the capital and the staff, their origin: community and market and of their use of strong ties or weak ties; theorizes about the production of social and economic added value; distinguishes the legal formalization of the economic formalization; proposes five trajectories of transformation and six strategies of break and proposes new public policies targeting the structural transition of the MSME. As an alternative to the long and risky process of a westernization of Africa, the thesis draws the outlines of a new African capitalism centred on the MSME which realizes a hybridization between the weak ties of the market and the strong ties provided by the community social structures
Looky, Léni. "Propositions d'une gestion de type socio-économique pour l'amélioration des performances : cas du Togo et du Ghana." Lyon 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO33001.
Full textN'tetani, Lucien. "Intervention publique, entreprise publique et développement économique : approches théorique et historique dans le cas de l'Afrique subsaharienne." Nice, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NICE0011.
Full textThe extend of state interference in developing countries and the numerous questions that surround it, lie at the heart of current economic debates. The economic development theory has seen sevaral attempts at reformulation over the past years. Today, development economics specialists point out negative implications of excessive state intervention in an economy. After two or three decades of observing the economies of developing notions many today increasingly question the development strategies of yester years which were conceived largely by theoritical orthodox foundations and ideology borrowed freely from marxism. The observation of developing economies from a microeconomic point of view has resulted in criticisms of traditionnel development models and given rise to alternatives ones. The new institutional approach, in a wake of d. North, bears testimony to this. The objective of our study is to bring a certain clarity to the complex area of economics where differents approaches oppose, compete, complement and co-exist. In this regard, we have been particularly interested in public enterprises as a means of state economic intervention. Two important question faces in today: does macroeconomic instability faced by developing countries sufficiently question the economique role of the state? Is privatization of public enterprises as envisaged by the financial institution the ideal solution to avert the economic crisis faced by nations of the subsaharian belt?
Moussavou, Pierre. "Essai sur l'intégration économique régionale en Afrique." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100105.
Full textThis study attempts to understand the logic and the rationality of the phenomenon of regional economic integration in Africa. It tries to answer to some fundamental questions such as: why do African countries go into the process of regional economic integration? Who does the integration? Who are the beneficiaries? Our work takes into account the international environment which influences the process of the regional economic integration in Africa. The international system contributes to mold the economic, social and political structures of African countries, which determine the results of different African experiences of regional integration. In this prospect we survey the contradictory movement of integration marginalization of African countries in the world economic, and the international economic crisis. At last, this study attempts also to draw up a balance-sheet of the regional economic integration in Africa through an evaluation of the results of UDEAC and CEAO which are considered as models. On the whole, it appears that the balance-sheet of the regional economic integration in Africa is very slight
Ouattara, Nama. "Bailleurs émergents et financements du développement : le cas de la Chine en Afrique Subsaharienne." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA111012.
Full textWith globalization, the concept of development has gradually evolved into logic of a more or less controlled opening to the outside world, guided by the liberalization of economic, diplomatic and cultural exchanges. The evolution of international relations marked by this opening strategy has gradually induced a transformation of global geopolitics. New economic powers are emerging and reviving an interest around the financing of development in low-income countries. In this regard, the case of China, which is carefully building relations with African countries, challenges us. Therefore, this thesis takes a look at the intensification of Sino-African relations in the context of development finance. Starting from the theoretical framework for the relationship between openness and growth, it aims to demonstrate how the successful experience of China's opening to the rest of the world can be an asset to the economies of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In particular, our argument is based on qualitative and quantitative analysis conducted on a sample of ten SSA countries. It also highlights how the strengthening of China-Africa relations, through an increase in trade, investment and aid flows, contributes to the financing of development
Diallo, Amadou. "Investir en afrique : le point de vue des entreprises chinoises : le cas du Mali." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU2004/document.
Full textThis research aims to improve our understanding of the entry strategies of Chinese enterprises in Africa from the perspective of Chinese enterprises. Literature in international strategy emphasizes the need for choosing a specific context of the study thereof. However, the perception of Chinese entrepreneurs in terms of when investing in Africa is virtually nonexistent in the literature. This thesis attempts to illuminate the different implementation strategies of Chinese enterprises in the African context. The implementation of these companies on the continent is she smart for their growth? How do they adapt to expanding their geographic scope and manage the physical distance, cultural, institutional and psychological that separates them from their potential partners? To do this, we conducted a research approach in three steps : The first phase devoted to information retrieval and exploration of Chinese enterprises in Mali. This to be the literature of our research. A second empirical phase was conducted on the basis of a questionnaire with 18 Chinese companies alike. A phase descriptive / prescriptive has extended the response to our research problem by proposing a cross-sectional analysis of the different cases studied. This research demonstrates the importance of the perception of Chinese entrepreneurs to better understand the implementation process of Chinese enterprises in Africa and especially in Mali
Copinschi, Philippe. "Enjeux politiques, logiques commerciales et nouvelles normes morales : le cas du pétrole dans le golfe de Guinée." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006IEPP0043.
Full textFor the past fifteen years the oil scene has been going through a series of profound changes resulting from the appropriation by the oil actors of the ethical discourse of NGOs (environment, human rights, transparency and governance, etc). The pressure, which NGOs exert on multinational oil companies, has obliged many of these companies to rethink and revise their course of action. Since the 1990s the notion of corporate social responsibility has become so widespread that no oil company can afford not to follow, at least at the level of discourse. As a reaction to the ongoing critical stance of NGOs, ethical discourse has gradually come to impose itself as the norm. The mobilization of NGOs against the Chad-Cameroon project urged the international community to invent new ways of acting. As a result the World Bank imposed direct financial control on Chad thus implicitly overlooking the principle of sovereignty. The principle of sovereignty has in a way become subordinate to the principle of responsibility and accountability, which operates as a structural component of the relation between the State, the international community and transnational private financial actors. The new ethical norms, initiated by NGOs and propagated by the companies, are imposed on the States and influence their capacity to act independently
Bekelynck, Anne. "Les entreprises privées dans l’action publique de lutte contre le VIH/sida en Côte d’Ivoire : un acteur comme les autres ?" Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB178/document.
Full textBy the end of the 1990s in sub-Saharan Africa, huge companies in the private sector commenced the implementation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes for the benefit of their employees. From the early 2000s, these companies have been invited to pursue efforts to also engage as partners in prevention and treatment policies, alongside other diverse actors: states, international organisations, NGOs, health professionals, civil society, etc. These private initiatives are usually reported as rational strategies aimed at preserving the “human capital” and productivity of the organisations. Approaching this study from a political sociology perspective, this PhD dissertation analyses the interaction of the bioeconomic, political, social and symbolic rationales that have underpinned the mobilisation of private companies in the struggle against HIV/AIDS in Ivory Coast. This research also explores the modalities and effects of this unprecedented “publicisation” of a private actor within the context of wider public health action at a local level. This study is supported by qualitative investigation conducted among 30 private companies in Ivory Coast. In addition, series of in-depth interviews were conducted with various actors involved in the HIV/AIDS sector (international organisations, the government, physicians, employees living with HIV/AIDS, civil society, etc.). Furthermore, an asymmetrical comparison with Cameroon has benefited this research by helping to confirm and refine the hypothesis. Global rhetoric advocating the synergy of public-private partnership has indeed supported the mobilisation of private companies in the fight against HIV/AIDS. By examining public action in regard to private companies, this research highlights the paradoxes of multisectoral policies. It demonstrates how these private actors, through the dynamics of politicisation, tend to be “de-differentiated” from other actors, thereby erasing their characteristics (social model, employee vulnerabilities, differentiated access to public health)
Korankye, Priscilla. "Etude comparative des représentations des futurs enseignants et des enseignants débutants par rapport à leur formation professionnelle initiale en langues étrangères : le cas du Français au Ghana et de l'anglais au Togo." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAG033/document.
Full textThis research is founded in comparative education and studies the social representations of future and beginning foreign language teachers in Ghana against those in Togo with respect to their initial professional training. The study is inspired mainly by the theory of social representations, professionalization and by the concept of relationship to knowledge. Using a comprehensive approach of comparative education that focuses on understanding phenomena in their contexts, without intending a transfer of practices from one country to another, we seek to determine whether the available training programs prepare the subjects adequately toward acquisition of professional skills and career readiness. The study privileges hypothetic-deductive approach. Our empirical data consists of 40 semi-structured interviews of which 30 (15 from each country) collected from future teachers and 10 (5 from each country) from beginning teachers. The qualitative data is analyzed using content analysis. Results show that a majority of future and beginning teachers find their practical training insufficient and not career centered. In spite of this fact, contrary to the Ghanaian public, the Togolese public has positive representations in respect to their theoretical training and career readiness. The results equally reveal that there is a close relationship between teachers' profile prior to training and their representations as regards their training and their career readiness
Etcheu, Jeannette. "L'efficacite des PME camerounaises par la formation professionnelle des cadres : une approche culturelle." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON10035.
Full textThe object of this thesis is to give an account of the importance of the professional training of the managers of the small and medium-size companies (PME) in the explanation of the organisational effectiveness.Research is put in perspective in a context characterized by heterogeneity of the leaders according to their practice of management and their cultural origin. In this particular cultural context, which is Cameroun, the urgency of training, in particular vocational, is notable not only for the company which initiates it but also for the employee who profits from it. The approach by the management of the formation based on the culture and, more precisely the approach of the cultural contingency was mobilized. This one offers, indeed, a frame of reference for better explaining the effectiveness of SME by the training.Studies of 4 cases of SME, supplemented by that of 41 questionnaires at SME, were undertaken. Their results show the existence of the factors not only of a managerial and Community nature, but they reveal also a model with two dimensions of culture, explaining the organisational effectiveness: an individualistic dimension and a dimension collectivist. The first dimension, relating to the Bamileke group, privileges the capacity of the employees to the training and the second dimension, inherent in the Sawa-Pahouin group, appreciates the improvement of competences of the employees.This thesis shows that, more the owner-leader of SME a behaviour collectivist has, more it tends to improve competences of its framework-employees
Gansou, Mariel. "Le financement par le marché : essai en droit de l'OHADA à l'aune du droit français." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR1007.
Full textIn a comparison with the rules in force in France and Africa, we have studied the law applicable for funding by stock exchanges within the OHADA space in light of the legal systems that have influenced its formation and its "Uniform Acts". The study reveals that the legal parameters affecting OHADA since its creation are much more varied than the mere mention of French law. These parameters are African, European and international. Similarly, the meritorious responses of OHADA to regulatory issues that could inspire French law are highlighted. It can be said that there is no exotic law in this case or either a purely aesthetic system of law, but rather, on the contrary, simply the law. Untouchable like a philosopher's stone, if OHADA is not all powerful as the asperities outlined show, it possesses the qualities of the compass that indicates the way forward. Without necessarily creating a new "uniform act" relating to financial markets, it could, by alternative means, increase the legal and judicial security which are, let us not forget, in its genes