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Books on the topic 'Entropy map'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Jean-Marie, Strelcyn, ed. Invariant manifolds, entropy, and billiards: Smooth maps with singularities. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1986.

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2

Katok, Anatole, Jean-Marie Strelcyn, François Ledrappier, and Feliks Przytycki. Invariant Manifolds, Entropy and Billiards; Smooth Maps with Singularities. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0099031.

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3

Boyle, Mike. Resolving maps and the dimension group for shifts of finite type. Providence, R.I., USA: American Mathematical Society, 1987.

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4

Jin dai Zhejiang dui wai mao yi ji she hui bian qian: Ningbo, Wenzhou, Hangzhou hai guan mao yi bao gao yi bian. Ningbo Shi: Ningbo chu ban she, 2003.

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5

Wilbourne, David. Archbishop's diary: A year with John Habgood. London: SPCK, 1995.

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6

Wöhrl, H. G. Projekt "Verbesserung der Eingliederungschancen von älteren langzeitarbeitslosen Schwerbehinderten": Abschlussbericht, Mai 1992. Bonn: Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Sozialordnung, 1992.

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7

Anderson, George S. Electronic payment prospectively for Ginnie Mae I securities held in book entry form. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development, 1998.

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8

Ola, Kristensson Per. Discrete and continuous shape writing for text entry and control. Linko ping: Department of Computer and Information Science, Linko ping University, 2007.

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9

Salvestrini, Francesco, ed. L'Italia alla fine del Medioevo I. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/88-8453-388-0.

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Primo di due volumi, il secondo curato da Federica Cengarle, che prendono in esame alcuni 'caratteri originali' dell'Italia tardomedievale rispetto all'Europa del tempo.Dei due convegni dei quali si pubblicano gli atti, il primo – tenutosi nell'ottobre del 2000 – ha cercato di dar conto, in una sezione introduttiva, dei quadri ambientali di lungo periodo entro cui si iscri-ve il percorso della società italiana: il paesaggio rurale e il quadro degli insediamenti urbani, senza dimenticare, nell'uno e nell'altro caso, l'eredità del mondo romano. Il secondo convegno, invece, tenutosi nell'autunno del 2002 si è proposto di prendere in considerazione aspetti e settori di storia della cultura e delle ideologie politiche, della mentalità, della vita religiosa, ma anche la storia delle tecniche.
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10

Cengarle, Federica, ed. L'Italia alla fine del Medioevo II. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/88-8453-390-2.

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Secondo di due volumi, il primo curato da Francesco Salvestrini, che prendono in esame alcuni 'caratteri originali' dell'Italia tardomedievale rispetto all'Europa del tempo.Dei due convegni dei quali si pubblicano gli atti, il primo – tenutosi nell'ottobre del 2000 – ha cercato di dar conto, in una sezione introduttiva, dei quadri ambientali di lungo periodo entro cui si iscri-ve il percorso della società italiana: il paesaggio rurale e il quadro degli insediamenti urbani, senza dimenticare, nell'uno e nell'altro caso, l'eredità del mondo romano. Il secondo convegno, invece, tenutosi nell'autunno del 2002 si è proposto di prendere in considerazione aspetti e settori di storia della cultura e delle ideologie politiche, della mentalità, della vita religiosa, ma anche la storia delle tecniche.
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11

Mari, Giovanni, Fabio Minazzi, Matteo Negro, and Carlo Vinti, eds. Epistemologia e soggettività. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-391-5.

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Il volume, risultato della collaborazione tra gruppi di ricerca delle Università di Perugia, dell’Insubria, di Catania e di Firenze, analizza il rapporto tra epistemologia e soggettività, da diverse prospettive e sensibilità ma secondo una rigorosa metodologia storico-critica. Ne emerge un panorama ricco e originale, entro il quale è possibile individuare precise e ormai consolidate tradizioni di ricerca. Così, mentre nella prima e seconda parte del volume sono presenti puntuali sondaggi volti a scandagliare il nesso evocato dal tema con riferimento alla sua struttura di soggetto conoscente e alla ridefinizione dei caratteri di un razionalismo di chiara ascendenza kantiana e di sicura valenza realistica, nella terza e quarta parte ci si è soffermati sui caratteri della soggettività epistemica con particolare riferimento alle sue dinamiche conoscitive e antropologiche, alle questioni delle forme del sapere presenti nel dibattito odierno relativamente al nesso con la vita e l'identità della persona nella società contemporanea, intesa come «società della conoscenza».
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12

Milnor, John W. Dynamical systems (1984-2012). Edited by Bonifant Araceli 1963-. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 2014.

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13

Huffaker, Ray, Marco Bittelli, and Rodolfo Rosa. Surrogate Data Testing. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782933.003.0007.

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The concept of Shannon entropy is introduced and code is presented to apply it to the logistic map. Entropy tests are discussed and surrogate tests based on the entropy concepts are presented and discussed. R codes are presented. Entropy measures are discussed.
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14

Katok, Anatole. Invariant Manifolds, Entropy and Billiards. Smooth Maps with Singularities. Springer, 1987.

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15

Edmunds, D. E., and W. D. Evans. Entropy Numbers, s-Numbers, and Eigenvalues. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812050.003.0002.

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The geometric quantities entropy numbers, approximation numbers and n-widths are defined for compact linear maps, and connections with the analytic entities eigenvalues and essential spectra discussed. The celebrated inequality of Weyl between the approximation numbers and eigenvalues is established in the general context of Lorentz sequence spaces. Also included are an axiomatic approach to s-numbers, a discussion of non-compact maps, and the Schmidt decomposition theory for compact linear operators in Hilbert spaces.
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16

Rau, Jochen. Constructing the State. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199595068.003.0003.

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The limited data available about a macroscopic system may come in various forms: sharp constraints, expectation values, or control parameters. While these data impose constraints on the state, they do not specify it uniquely; a further principle—the maximum entropy principle—must be invoked to construct it. This chapter discusses basic notions of information theory and why entropy may be regarded as a measure of ignorance. It shows how the state—called a Gibbs state—is constructed using the maximum entropy principle, and elucidates its generic properties, which are conveniently summarized in a thermodynamic square. The chapter further discusses the second law and how it is linked to the reproducibility of macroscopic processes. It introduces the concepts of equilibrium and temperature, as well as pressure and chemical potential. Finally, this chapter considers statistical fluctuations of the energy and of other observables in case these are given as expectation values.
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17

Entropic Empire: On the City of Man in the Age of Disaster. NAi Uitgevers / Publishers Stichting, 2013.

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18

Wilbourne, David. Archbishop's Diary. SPCK Publishing, 1995.

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19

Rau, Jochen. Phase Transitions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199595068.003.0008.

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At a phase transition two or more different phases may coexist, such as vapour and liquid. Phase transitions can be classified according to their order. A phase transition is of first order if going from one phase to the other involves a discontinuous change in entropy, and, thus, a finite amount of latent heat; higher-order phase transitions do not involve latent heat but exhibit other types of discontinuities. This chapter investigates the necessary conditions for the coexistence of phases, and how phases are represented in a phase diagram. The order of a phase transition is defined with the help of the Ehrenfest classification. The chapter discusses the Clausius–Clapeyron relation which, for a first-order phase transition, relates the discontinuous changes in entropy and volume. Finally, this chapter considers the Ising ferromagnet as a simple model which exhibits a second-order phase transition. It also introduces the notion of an order parameter.
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20

Massnahmen zur stufenweisen Wiedereingliederung in den Arbeitsprozess: Untersuchung zur Effektivität der stufenweisen Wiedereingliederung in den Arbeitsprozess nach schwerer Krankheit : Ergebnissbericht, Mai 1995. Bonn: Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Sozialordnung, 1995.

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21

Roberts, Simon. Barriers to Entry and Implications for Competition Policy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810674.003.0012.

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Competition requires rivals. While this rivalry may come from imports, the development of local capabilities and productive capacity for rivalry, including by black industrialists in the South African context, means understanding the barriers to entry that local producers must overcome. Barriers to entry are also critical for the correct balance between the risks of over- and under-enforcement and are one reason why it has been recommended that countries should adopt different standards for competition evaluation. This chapter draws on studies of barriers to entry in different markets in South Africa to consider the nature and extent of these barriers and the implications for competition policy. It highlights issues related to regulatory barriers, consumer switching costs and branding, routes to market, and vertical integration, as well as economies of scale and access to finance.
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22

Muller, Sebastian, and Martin Sieber. Resonance scattering of waves in chaotic systems. Edited by Gernot Akemann, Jinho Baik, and Philippe Di Francesco. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198744191.013.34.

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This article discusses some applications of random matrix theory (RMT) to quantum or wave chaotic resonance scattering. It first provides an overview of selected topics on universal statistics of resonances and scattering observables, with emphasis on theoretical results obtained via non-perturbative methods starting from the mid-1990s. It then considers the statistical properties of scattering observables at a given fixed value of the scattering energy, taking into account the maximum entropy approach as well as quantum transport and the Selberg integral. It also examines the correlation properties of the S-matrix at different values of energy and concludes by describing other characteristics and applications of RMT to resonance scattering of waves in chaotic systems, including those relating to time delays, quantum maps and sub-unitary random matrices, and microwave cavities at finite absorption.
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23

Guionnet, Alice. Free probability. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797319.003.0003.

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Free probability was introduced by D. Voiculescu as a theory of noncommutative random variables (similar to integration theory) equipped with a notion of freeness very similar to independence. In fact, it is possible in this framework to define the natural ‘free’ counterpart of the central limit theorem, Gaussian distribution, Brownian motion, stochastic differential calculus, entropy, etc. It also appears as the natural setup for studying large random matrices as their size goes to infinity and hence is central in the study of random matrices as their size go to infinity. In this chapter the free probability framework is introduced, and it is shown how it naturally shows up in the random matrices asymptotics via the so-called ‘asymptotic freeness’. The connection with combinatorics and the enumeration of planar maps, including loop models, are discussed.
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24

Stuart, Casey-Maslen, Clapham Andrew, Giacca Gilles, and Parker Sarah. Art.21 Signature, Ratification, Acceptance, Approval, or Accession. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198723523.003.0025.

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This chapter discusses Article 21 of the ATT, which sets out the procedure by which states may sign or adhere to the treaty. Signature of the ATT was only possible until its entry into force (on 24 December 2014). Subsequently, any state that had not signed the treaty could accede to it. Signatories must ratify, accept, or approve the ATT in order to become party to it. Article 21 is linked to Article 22 (on entry into force) and Article 27 (the Depositary: the United Nations Secretary-General). A state may also apply Articles 6 and 7 of the treaty provisionally when signing, ratifying, accepting, approving, or acceding the ATT, in accordance with Article 23. It should be noted that the main substantive change to this provision during the negotiations was to prevent a state from acceding to the treaty prior to its entry into force.
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25

Spiegel, Laurie. Thoughts on Composing with Algorithms. Edited by Roger T. Dean and Alex McLean. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190226992.013.26.

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In this chapter Laurie Spiegel, a pioneer of algorithmic logic in music composition, considers various reasons to use algorithms, including their function as descriptors, generators and adjuncts to creative musical practises. Self-simulation (notably, of decision making processes) is juxtaposed against the sonification of external information and various other uses of algorithms are also described. Human input may be minimal or extensive for the logic used to specify parameters of individual sonic events, variations in global informational entropy, inherent structuring or to achieve variation of material. Spiegel values algorithms particularly to allow her to ‘inhabit the state of flow’ of music by freeing her to focus on selected aspects of composing while handing off other aspects to automated procedures. The chapter includes descriptions of the kinds of uses of algorithmic logic that have contributed to the composition of specific musical works.
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26

Anand, Lallit, and Sanjay Govindjee. Continuum Mechanics of Solids. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198864721.001.0001.

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Continuum mechanics of Solids presents a unified treatment of the major concepts in Solid Mechanics for beginning graduate students in the many branches of engineering. The fundamental topics of kinematics in finite and infinitesimal deformation, mechanical and thermodynamic balances plus entropy imbalance in the small strain setting are covered as they apply to all solids. The major material models of Elasticity, Viscoelasticity, and Plasticity are detailed and models for Fracture and Fatigue are discussed. In addition to these topics in Solid Mechanics, because of the growing need for engineering students to have a knowledge of the coupled multi-physics response of materials in modern technologies related to the environment and energy, the book also includes chapters on Thermoelasticity, Chemoelasticity, Poroelasticity, and Piezoelectricity. A preview to the theory of finite elasticity and elastomeric materials is also given. Throughout, example computations are presented to highlight how the developed theories may be applied.
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27

Jeremy, Jennings-Mares, Pinedo Anna T, and Ireland Oliver. 14 The Single Point of Entry Approach to Bank Resolution. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198754411.003.0014.

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This chapter analyses the single point of entry (SPOE) approach to bank resolution. The strategy involves the application of resolution powers at the level of the top holding or parent company by a single resolution authority. This resolution authority would probably be located in the jurisdiction responsible for the global consolidated supervision of the banking group. The assets and the continuity of operations of subsidiaries are preserved, which avoids the need to commence distinct resolution proceedings at lower levels within the group. Although a resolution led by the home resolution authority may require assistance from a host authority, in terms of the application of resolution tools locally to support the top level resolution, or to bail-in intra-group debt claims, the principle is that no distinct, independent resolution proceedings should be required, as regards local subsidiaries of the group. The chapter addresses both the UK and US approach to SPOE.
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28

Rau, Jochen. Processes and Responses. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199595068.003.0007.

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Thermodynamic processes involve energy exchanges in the forms of work, heat, or particles. Such exchanges might be reversible or irreversible, and they might be controlled by barriers or reservoirs. A cyclic process takes a system through several states and eventually back to its initial state; it may convert heat into work (engine) or vice versa (heat pump). This chapter defines work and heat mathematically and investigates their respective properties, in particular their impact on entropy. It discusses the roles of barriers and reservoirs and introduces cyclic processes. Basic constraints imposed by the laws of thermodynamics are considered, in particular on the efficiency of a heat engine. The chapter also introduces the thermodynamic potentials: free energy, enthalpy, free enthalpy, and grand potential. These are used to describe energy exchanges and equilibrium in the presence of reservoirs. Finally, this chapter considers thermodynamic coefficients which characterize the response of a system to heating, compression, and other external actions.
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29

Betts, Jonathan. [Untitled]. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199641383.003.0004.

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The catalogue entries are the central core of this book and form the official published record of the collection of marine chronometers at Royal Museums Greenwich. Every entry includes highly detailed data on that instrument, including prose descriptions of the box, the dial, the main movement and the escapement, balance and jewelling. A commentary then interprets the descriptions if necessary, and a history section records all the known facts about the life of the instrument. A tabulated technical section completes the entry with extensive numerical and dimensional data on the movement. Preceding the first entry for an instrument by a given maker, is a biographical section material on that particular maker. All entries are illustrated with at least two photographs, some many more, and may include explanatory line drawings where there are details of particular interest.
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30

United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development., ed. Electronic Payment Prospectively for Ginnie Mae I Securities Held in Book Entry Form, 98-23, July 28, 1998. [S.l: s.n., 1998.

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31

United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development, ed. Electronic Payment Prospectively for Ginnie Mae I Securities Held in Book Entry Form, 98-23, July 28, 1998. [S.l: s.n., 1998.

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32

William A, Schabas. Part 2 Jurisdiction, Admissibility, and Applicable Law: Compétence, Recevabilité, Et Droit Applicable, Art.11 Jurisdiction ratione temporis /Compétence ratione temporis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198739777.003.0014.

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This chapter comments on Article 11 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Article 11 states that the Court only has jurisdiction over crimes committed since its entry into force, that is, since July 1, 2002. Article 11(1) is related to articles 22 and 24, both of which also contemplate the temporal application of the Statute. In particular article 24(1), which specifies that ‘No person shall be criminally responsible under this Statute for conduct prior to the entry into force of the Statute’, essentially restates the norm expressed in article 11(1), although from the standpoint of individual criminal responsibility rather than jurisdiction ratione temporis. In the case of States that become party to the Statute subsequent to July 1, 2002, the Court may only exercise jurisdiction with respect to crimes committed since the date of entry into force for that State.
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33

Clarke, Andrew. Temperature and reaction rate. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199551668.003.0007.

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All other things being equal, physiological reaction rate increases roughly exponentially with temperature. Organisms that have adapted over evolutionary time to live at different temperatures can have enzyme variants that exhibit similar kinetics at the temperatures to which they have adapted to operate. Within species whose distribution covers a range of temperatures, there may be differential expression of enzyme variants with different kinetics across the distribution. Enzymes adapted to different optimum temperatures differ in their amino acid sequence and thermal stability. The Gibbs energy of activation tends to be slightly lower in enzyme variants adapted to lower temperatures, but the big change is a decrease in the enthalpy of activation, with a corresponding change in the entropy of activation, both associated with a more open, flexible structure. Despite evolutionary adjustments to individual enzymes involved in intermediary metabolism (ATP regeneration), many whole-organism processes operate faster in tropical ectotherms compared with temperate or polar ectotherms. Examples include locomotion (muscle power output), ATP regeneration (mitochondrial function), nervous conduction and growth.
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34

Wald, Alan M. Philosophers and Revolutionists. University of North Carolina Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469635941.003.0004.

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This chapter begins with a discussion of the organizations in which dissident communists were active, such as the Non-Partisan Labor Defense Committee, the American Workers Party, and the early Trotskyist movement as it made its “entry” into the Socialist Party. This is followed by a review of the debates between Max Eastman and Sidney Hook over Marxist philosophy, especially the role of dialectics and pragmatism.
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35

McClintock, Cynthia. Runoff. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190879754.003.0007.

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Is there a “sweet spot” between openness to new parties and a plethora of parties that can be achieved through a reduced threshold for election to the presidency? Specifically, through a threshold between 40% and 50%? Unfortunately, although the evidence is not definitive, the answer appears to be: usually, no. Raising barriers to entry, a reduced threshold is disadvantageous if a cartel party or a party with an authoritarian past is strong, as in Argentina between 1983 and the present. Also, although in principle a reduced threshold raises barriers to entry, in practice—as in Ecuador between 2002 and 2006—it may not; the reasons for a larger or smaller number of parties are manifold. Further, a reduced threshold is risky. Although it voids runoffs that would have been unnecessary, it also voids runoffs that would have added presidential legitimacy.
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36

Rickard, David. Framboids. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190080112.001.0001.

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Framboids may be the most astonishing and abundant natural features you have never heard of. These microscopic spherules of golden pyrite consist of thousands of even smaller microcrystals, often arranged in stunning geometric arrays. There are probably 1030 on Earth, and they are forming at a rate of 1020 every second. This means that there are a billion times more framboids than sand grains on Earth, and a million times more framboids than stars in the observable universe. They are all around us: they can be found in rocks of all ages and in present-day sediments, soils, and natural waters. The sulfur in the pyrite is mainly produced by bacteria, and many framboids contain organic matter. They are formed through burst nucleation of supersaturated solutions of iron and sulfide, followed by limited crystal growth in diffusion-dominated stagnant sediments. The framboids self-assemble as surface free energy is minimized and the microcrystals are attracted to each other by surface forces. Self-organization occurs through entropy maximization, and the microcrystals rotate into their final positions through Brownian motion. The final shape of the framboids is often actually polygonal or partially facetted rather than spherical, as icosahedral microcrystal packing develops. Their average diameter is around 6 microns and the average microcrystal size is about 0.1 microns. There is no significant change in these dimensions with time: the framboid is an exceptionally stable structure, and the oldest may be 2.9 billion years old. This means that they provide samples of the chemistry of ancient environments.
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37

William A, Schabas. Part 13 Final Clauses: Clauses Finales, Art.121 Amendments/Amendements. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198739777.003.0126.

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This chapter comments on Article 121 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Article 121 is the general provision on amendment of the Rome Statute. After the expiry of seven years from the entry into force of the Statute, any State Party may propose amendments. The proposed amendment is voted upon at the next session of the Assembly of States Parties. An amendment only enters into force when seven-eighths of the States Parties have deposited instruments of accession or ratification. A State that does not agree may withdraw from the Statute with immediate effect. A special regime is established for changes to the subject-matter jurisdiction of the Court.
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38

Jaffan, Abdel Aziz A. Balloon Occlusion of Subintimal Tract to Assist Distal Luminal Re-entry During Subintimal Recanalization of Chronic Total Occlusions. Edited by S. Lowell Kahn, Bulent Arslan, and Abdulrahman Masrani. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199986071.003.0017.

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The balloon occlusion of subintimal tract (BOST) technique may be used to assist in regaining luminal re-entry in difficult cases during subintimal recanalization of chronic total occlusions in the femoropopliteal artery. Subintimal recanalization or percutaneous intentional extraluminal recanalization (PIER) is an established technique used in endovascular recanalization of chronically occluded arteries of the peripheral circulation. The primary limitation of PIER is the high technical failure rate. Failure is mainly due to the inability to re-enter the patent true lumen distal to the site of the occlusion. The BOST technique can help overcome this limitation. This chapter provides a description of the technique.
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39

Suri, Ajay, and Jean R. McEwan. Anti-anginal agents in critical illness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0037.

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Angina is chest pain resulting from the lack of blood supply to heart muscle most commonly due to obstructive atherosclerotic. Intensive care unit patients are subject to various stresses that will increase the demand on the heart and are in a pro-thrombotic state. Patients in an intensive treatment unit may be sedated and so cardiac ischaemia may be detected by electrocardiogram, haemodynamic monitoring, and echocardiographic imaging of function. These signs may indicate critical coronary perfusion heralding a myocardial infarction and are alleviated by anti-anginal drugs. Beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers are the usual first-line treatments for angina, but may not be ideal in the critically-ill patient. Nitrates reduce blood pressure without typically affecting heart rate. Nicorandil is a similar mechanism of action and tends to be given orally, while ivabridine, an If channel blocker, is a newer anti-anginal, which acts by reducing heart rate, while not affecting blood pressure. Ranolazine is the one of the newest anti-anginal agents and is believed to alter the transcellular late sodium current thereby decreasing sodium entry into ischaemic myocardial cells.
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40

Jeswald W, Salacuse. 13 Other Treatment Standards. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198703976.003.0013.

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In addition to the usual treaty standards, individual investment treaties may impose other obligations on host states with respect to their treatment of investments and investors. Although these obligations were rarely the subject of arbitration or litigation in the early years of the bilateral investment treaty (BIT) movement, investors have increasingly alleged their violation in investor–state arbitral proceedings. This chapter discusses these treatment standards, including treatment with respect to performance requirements; the entry and residence of foreign nationals and managerial personnel; compensation for losses due to war, revolution, and civil disturbance; transparency and regulatory due process; and the subrogation obligation.
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41

Yungui, Wang, ed. Zhongguo jia ru WTO hou de wai jing mao fa zhan zhan lüe: The strategy of foreign economic development after China's entry to the WTO. Beijing Shi: Zhongguo ji hua chu ban she, 2002.

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42

Stuart, Casey-Maslen, Clapham Andrew, Giacca Gilles, and Parker Sarah. Art.20 Amendments. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198723523.003.0024.

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This chapter explores Article 20 of the ATT, which sets out the procedure by which states parties may amend the treaty. The possibility of amendment is often included in a multilateral treaty. According to paragraph 1 of Article 20, six years after the entry into force of the treaty, any state party may propose an amendment to this treaty. This will first be possible on 24 December 2020. A reason for waiting six years before amendments can be considered is presumably to allow time for states parties to implement the treaty and consider any lessons learned before trying to amend it. As a result of this provision, this is a treaty that can adapt to changing circumstances and realities. A proposed amendment must be submitted in writing to the treaty Secretariat established in accordance with Article 18.
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43

Elliman, David. Identification of hearing impairment. Edited by Alan Emond. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198788850.003.0020.

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Universal newborn hearing screening has meant that babies with significant congenital hearing impairment can be identified soon after birth and management instituted to ameliorate resultant problems, that is, minimize disability and handicap and optimize life chances. Evidence for the value of school entry screening is lacking and there is some evidence it is neither effective nor cost-effective. Further research is needed on this. Otitis media with effusion can cause significant long-lasting effects and may need surgical intervention or the provision of hearing aids. Parents and professionals should be aware of the symptoms that are indicative of possible hearing loss. Parents’ concerns should always be taken seriously.
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44

Cooper, Alan. Biblical Studies and Jewish Studies. Edited by Martin Goodman. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199280322.013.0002.

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This article examines two commentaries on Leviticus, Jews in the mainstream, biblical versus post-biblical literature, and the pre-critical, critical, and post-critical stances. It describes two particular developments within biblical studies that may be ascribed to the influence of Jewish biblical scholarship. Both of them, broadly speaking, entail the recognition that the Bible (that is, the Tanakh) is a Jewish book, and both therefore legitimate the study of the Bible in its Jewish contexts. This view of the Bible is both a point of entry for Jewish scholars into critical biblical scholarship, and also the potential meeting-ground for biblical scholars with their colleagues in Jewish studies. Interaction between specialists in those fields may yield important new insights into the formation of the Jewish Bible, and into the way the Bible, in turn, has served to shape Jewish mentalities and communities throughout the ages.
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45

William A, Schabas. Part 9 International Cooperation and Judicial Assistance: Coopération Internationale Et Assistance Judiciaire, Art.97 Consultations. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198739777.003.0102.

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This chapter comments on Article 97 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Article 97 identifies the types of difficulties that may arise with requests for cooperation that require consultation with the Court. The first is insufficient information to execute the request. The second is difficulty in locating the person, a matter relevant to a request for surrender. But a request to locate a person might also concern questioning of an individual or a suspect, and even service of a summons to appear. Finally, article 97 contemplates the possibility that execution of the request might require the requested State to breach a pre-existing treaty obligation. Use of the term ‘pre-existing’ in article 97(c) has nourished arguments to the effect that only treaty obligations adopted prior to entry into force of the Rome Statute may be invoked to resist requests for cooperation.
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Behrens, Paul. Diplomatic Law Today. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198795940.003.0020.

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The last chapter examines the question whether the VCDR is indeed an unmitigated success story. It acknowledges the popularity of the instrument and the clarification it brought to several points of diplomatic law, but it also analyses difficulties that have arisen within its lifetime. These are based partly on the wording of the VCDR itself, but partly also on the need for a co-existence of diplomatic law and rules from other fields of international law, and partly also on technological and sociological developments which manifested themselves only after the entry into force of the Convention. The chapter concludes with a reflection on solutions which international law may offer to the current problems even today, but also on solutions whose adoption with effect for the future may protect some of the most important objectives of the VCDR, including the furthering of international peace and understanding.
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Vedral, Vlatko. Decoding Reality. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815433.001.0001.

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For a physicist, all the world is information. The Universe and its workings are the ebb and flow of information. We are all transient patterns of information, passing on the recipe for our basic forms to future generations using a four-letter digital code called DNA. In this engaging and mind-stretching account, Vlatko Vedral considers some of the deepest questions about the Universe and considers the implications of interpreting it in terms of information. He explains the nature of information, the idea of entropy, and the roots of this thinking in thermodynamics. He describes the bizarre effects of quantum behaviour -- effects such as 'entanglement', which Einstein called 'spooky action at a distance', and explores cutting edge work on harnessing quantum effects in hyperfast quantum computers, and how recent evidence suggests that the weirdness of the quantum world, once thought limited to the tiniest scales, may reach into the macro world. Vedral finishes by considering the answer to the ultimate question: where did all of the information in the Universe come from? The answers he considers are exhilarating, drawing upon the work of distinguished physicist John Wheeler. The ideas challenge our concept of the nature of particles, of time, of determinism, and of reality itself. This edition includes a new foreword from the author, reflecting on changes in the world of quantum information since first publication. Oxford Landmark Science books are 'must-read' classics of modern science writing which have crystallized big ideas, and shaped the way we think.
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Rickels, Laurence A. Mister V and the Unmournable Animal Death. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474422734.003.0012.

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This chapter focuses on the unmournable nature of animal death, turning to Heidegger, Freud and Melanie Klein (as advocates of both successful and unsuccessful mourning, first and second deaths) as entry points for an analysis of Emilie Deleuze’s 2003 film, Mister V. The film tracks the changes in relationality incurred when the eponymous psychotic horse escapes and tests not only the boundaries of the film’s diegesis but also its own discursive fabulation. Here man, as majority figure, is not an option for becoming. Man must be divested of his majoritarian status before he can become other. In this regard, ‘becoming-animal’ is the missing link between man and ‘becoming multiple’, so that the metamorphosis necessarily entails a ‘loss’ as initiation so that we can enter the substitutive order of becoming-other. This is not necessarily incompatible with Freud. Indeed, the two main trajectories of the latter’s thought: 1) totemic identification and 2) castration (as an initiation into the ‘management’ of loss or lack) also separate out as tendencies of unmourning and ‘successful mourning’, of first and second deaths, respectively. Both are compatible with the anti-Oedipal momentum of Deleuze and Guattari’s schizoanalysis.
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Hanks, Patrick. Lexicography. Edited by Ruslan Mitkov. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199276349.013.0003.

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This article provides an overview of computational lexicography in two senses, namely, the function of the lexicon in computer programs; and then the use of computational techniques in compiling new dictionaries. It begins with the historical background of lexicography and further discusses the particular challenges of using human dictionaries for computational purposes. It examines the ways in which computational techniques have changed the task of compiling new dictionaries. A serious problem for computer applications is that dictionaries compiled for human users focus on giving lists of meanings for each entry, without saying much about how one meaning may be distinguished from another in text. Thus, this article outlines the links between meaning and use. Finally, it presents the need for future directions in computational lexicography.
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Honig, Dan. Agents. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190672454.003.0003.

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This chapter discusses agent judgment and when relying on agents will be a more or less reliable strategy. The chapter explores agent motivation and why it is critical to successful Navigation by Judgment. Agent motivation is a function of both treatment and selection effects. Job design can play an important role in changing agent motivation for better or for worse (treatment); job design can also prompt differential exit and entry of motivated agents into international development organizations (IDOs) (selection). It argues that there may be different equilibria IDOs can meet, with a Theory Y equilibrium of agent initiative and intrinsically motivated agents on the one hand and a Theory X equilibrium of tight principal control and extrinsically motivated agents on the other.
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