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1

Victoria, Soyobi Yewande, Obohwemu Oberhiri Kennedy, Suberu Omeiza Peter, et al. "PSYCHOSOCIAL WELLBEING OF ORPHANS IN KADUNA STATE: A COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 06, no. 11 (2024): 13–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume06issue11-03.

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Background: The well-being of orphans has been a persistent issue, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where the orphan population has surged due to factors such as the HIV/AIDS pandemic, terrorism, and natural disasters. In Nigeria, these children face significant medical, social, and psychological challenges, including malnutrition, limited access to education, stigmatization, and behavioural issues. Despite some interventions, many orphanages focus primarily on addressing material needs, often neglecting comprehensive medical, social welfare, and psychosocial support. This study assesses th
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Yewande, MBBS, Soyobi Victoria, Obohwemu Kennedy Oberhiri, Suberu Peter Omeiza, MPH, et al. "BEHAVIOURAL PATTERNS OF CHILDREN IN KADUNA STATE ORPHANAGES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS." American Journal of Interdisciplinary Innovations and Research 06, no. 10 (2024): 36–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajiir/volume06issue10-05.

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Background The plight of orphans, exacerbated by conflict, disease, and socioeconomic factors, remains a pressing global issue, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Nigeria, notably impacted by the HIV/AIDS epidemic, terrorism, and natural disasters, has witnessed a substantial increase in orphan populations. These children face severe challenges, including child abuse, malnutrition, limited access to education, stigmatization, and a range of psychological and behavioural disorders. Despite some interventions, orphanages primarily address material needs, often neglecting comprehensive medical,
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Baeyens, Dieter, Herbert Roeyers, Johan Vande Walle, and Piet Hoebeke. "Behavioural problems and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children with enuresis: a literature review." European Journal of Pediatrics 164, no. 11 (2005): 665–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00431-005-1712-1.

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Ganiyat Ishola (RN, Ph.D), Adeyinka, and Awosanya Bolaji Oluwayemisi (RN, B.Sc). "PATTERN OF BEHAVIOURAL RESPONSES TO ENURESIS AMONG CHILDREN IN A SELECTED COMMUNITY, IBADAN, NIGERIA." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 5 (2020): 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/10953.

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Soyobi, Victoria Yewande, Kennedy Oberhiri Obohwemu, Peter Omeiza Suberu, et al. "THE IMPACT OF STIGMA ON THE WELLBEING OF CHILDREN IN KADUNA ORPHANAGES." AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND EDUCATION INNOVATIONS 6, no. 11 (2024): 77–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume06issue11-07.

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Background: Orphans in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Nigeria, face increasing challenges due to the HIV/AIDS epidemic, terrorism, and natural disasters, leading to a growing orphan population. In addition to the material hardships experienced by orphans, stigmatization remains a profound issue, exacerbating their medical, social, and psychological well-being. Stigma affects children’s self-esteem, mental health, social relationships, and access to opportunities, making it a critical area of concern for orphaned children in institutional care. This study investigates the impact of stigma on
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McFarlane, A. C. "The Relationship between Patterns of Family Interaction and Psychiatric Disorder in Children." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 21, no. 3 (1987): 383–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048678709160935.

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This study examined the relationship between patterns of family interaction, in particular parental overprotection, and emotional and behavioural problems in children. The role children play in influencing the pattern of parental care was also investigated because increased parental protection could be a response to, rather than a cause of, emotional disorders in children. A population was examined on two occasions, 18 months apart, using Rutter's parent and teacher questionnaires. The data suggested that overprotection was particularly disruptive to children's emotional state when it was asso
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Ahmed, Zeenoor, Naushad Ali N. Malagi, Rajesh Ashok Bavalatti, et al. "Prevalence and pattern of sleep disorders in childhood." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 10, no. 6 (2023): 881–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20231494.

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Background: Sleep disorders are very common in the population of children, with prevalence rates ranging from 25-40%, and they are often persistent. The aetiology of sleep problems is very complicated and depend on many varied factors. Psychological factors concerning family life and general state of health have a significant impact on children. Methods: A hospital based descriptive study was carried out among 1024 children visiting the paediatric outpatient departments of Madras medical college, Chennai and Al-Ameen medical college and hospital, Vijayapura over a period of 1 year from March 2
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Mphahlele, Ramatladi Meriam, Basil Joseph Pillay, and Anneke Meyer. "Symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder and anger in children with ADHD." South African Journal of Education 43, no. 1 (2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15700/saje.v43n1a2136.

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With the research reported on here we sought to determine whether children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) displayed more symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder (CD) and anger, which are categorised as externalising disorders, when contrasted to the control group and, also, whether gender and age impacted these ADHD comorbidities. ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that presents before the age of 12 years according to which an individual displays a recurrent pattern of extreme inattentiveness, overactivity, and impulsiveness that inhibits perf
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D’Arrigo, Stefano, Carmela Loiacono, Claudia Ciaccio, et al. "Clinical, Cognitive and Behavioural Assessment in Children with Cerebellar Disorder." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (2021): 544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020544.

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Cerebellar disorders are characterised clinically by specific signs and symptoms, often associated with neurodevelopmental disorder. While the clinical signs of cerebellar disorders are clearly recognisable in adults and have a precise anatomo-functional correlation, in children the semiotics are less clear and vary with age because of the particular nature of the cerebellum’s maturation. Unlike other structures of the central nervous system, this begins at a later stage of foetal development and extends over a longer period of time, even after birth. As a result, the typical signs of cerebell
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10

D’Arrigo, Stefano, Carmela Loiacono, Claudia Ciaccio, et al. "Clinical, Cognitive and Behavioural Assessment in Children with Cerebellar Disorder." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (2021): 544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020544.

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Cerebellar disorders are characterised clinically by specific signs and symptoms, often associated with neurodevelopmental disorder. While the clinical signs of cerebellar disorders are clearly recognisable in adults and have a precise anatomo-functional correlation, in children the semiotics are less clear and vary with age because of the particular nature of the cerebellum’s maturation. Unlike other structures of the central nervous system, this begins at a later stage of foetal development and extends over a longer period of time, even after birth. As a result, the typical signs of cerebell
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11

Soyobi, Victoria Yewande, Kennedy Oberhiri Obohwemu, Peter Omeiza Suberu, et al. "RESILIENCE AND ADAPTATION: COPING STRATEGIES OF CHILDREN LIVING IN KADUNA ORPHANAGES." Frontline Social Sciences and History Journal 04, no. 11 (2024): 58–86. https://doi.org/10.37547/social-fsshj-04-11-09.

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Background: The situation of orphans in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Nigeria, has worsened due to factors such as HIV/AIDS, terrorism, and natural disasters. Orphans face not only the loss of parental care but also a wide range of social, emotional, and medical challenges. Despite existing interventions, many orphanages prioritize material needs, overlooking comprehensive psychosocial and medical support. This study aims to explore the coping strategies and resilience of children living in orphanages in Kaduna, Nigeria, by assessing their medical, social, and psychological challenges. Meth
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Fink, Elian, Tjeert Olthof, Frits Goossens, Sandra van der Meijden, and Sander Begeer. "Bullying-related behaviour in adolescents with autism: Links with autism severity and emotional and behavioural problems." Autism 22, no. 6 (2017): 684–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361316686760.

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This study examined the association between peer-reported bullying-related behaviours (bully, victim, outsider and defender), age, gender, autism severity and teacher-rated emotional and behavioural problems in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder, using a multi-informant approach. The sample comprised 120 adolescents (11% girls, Mage = 15.6 years, standard deviation = 1.89 years) attending a special school for children with autism. Results show that bullying decreased with age and was associated with behavioural problems, while victimisation was only associated with peer problems – a pat
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K., Ramya, Kiran K.M.Sai, Anek K., and Narayanan Sathiya. "An Integrated System for Initial Prediction for Autism Spectrum Disorders." International Journal of Management and Humanities (IJMH) 4, no. 8 (2020): 83–85. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijmh.H0786.044820.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder ASD specifies where lots of behavioral disabilities, such as social connections and lack of commutating, repetitions of same works, and only single areas are focused. While ASD is noticed in initial stage, some deficiencies and behavioral patterns may not be found as the indication unless they affect a person’s life in a particular way. An infrastructure to record, detect and label the behavioural patterns of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been developed. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) effects the entire life of a person. The major symptoms of A
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C., Ramya, Pavan Kumar K., and Karthik S. "Psychiatric morbidity in children attending child guidance clinic in a tertiary care teaching hospital." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 7, no. 6 (2020): 1313. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20202140.

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Background: Mental health and its related problems are growing concerns over the world. The early onset of emotional and behavioral problem in the young children is related to a variety of health and behavior problems in adolescence and later life as well. Most of these children present to Pediatric outpatient clinics owing to the Stigma and lack of awareness. The aim of the study is to find out the pattern and prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in children presenting to pediatric outpatient clinics.Methods: It is a cross sectional, point prevalence study of children who have attended Child G
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Noor Hassline Mohamed. "PARENT-CHILD INTERACTION THERAPY: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON ITS EFFECTIVENESS FOR CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD)." Journal of Southeast Asia Psychology (SAPJ) 7, no. 3 (2024): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.51200/sapj.v7i3.5238.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects children and their learning in a variety of ways. ASD is a developmental disorder that is marked by profound deficits in social, language, and cognitive abilities. The core features of ASD are areas in which difficulties can lead to feelings of frustration, confusion, anxiety or lack of control, resulting in behavioural responses. This article offers an overview of the literature, focusing on the effectiveness of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) which used to improve the relationship between parent-children and to reduce noncompliance behaviour in
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Martin, L. Nelwan. "Control of the MAOA-L Allele Expression through Genetic Manipulation Techniques Using CRISPR/Cas9 System." Asian Journal of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering 1, no. 2 (2018): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3353832.

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Antisocial behaviour is antagonism behaviour. It is a behavioural disorder inherited according to Xlinked&nbsp;chromosome inheritance pattern. This disorder comes from mutations in the <em>MAOA </em>gene.&nbsp;One of the mutations in this gene triggers the<em> MAOA-L</em> allele activity. The <em>MAOA-L</em> allele activity can&nbsp;trigger the expression of antagonistic actions in both healthy and unhealthy people. Maltreatment of&nbsp;healthy boys during childhood can lead to antagonistic actions in these children. In animal models,&nbsp;<em>MAOA </em>inhibitors can reverse the expression of
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Bodison, Stefanie, and Terrence D. Sanger. "Exploring the sensory basis of developmental dyspraxia in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)." Seeing and Perceiving 25 (2012): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187847612x646848.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is clinically defined by impairments in communication, reciprocal social interactions, and repetitive behaviours and/or restricted interests. These symptoms are present early in development, often co-occur with other symptoms and can significantly impact the child’s ability to successfully engage in meaningful occupations that contribute to the child’s overall growth and development. It has been documented that between 80 and 94% of children with ASD have some kind of sensory abnormality and while there is little consensus regarding the pattern of these sensory d
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18

Richmond, Sally, Hannah Kirk, Tori Gaunson, Meg Bennett, Mark A. Bellgrove, and Kim Cornish. "Digital cognitive training in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a study protocol of a randomised controlled trial." BMJ Open 12, no. 6 (2022): e055385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055385.

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IntroductionAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders and is a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with daily functioning. Children with ADHD are developmentally vulnerable, with the disorder linked to emotional regulation difficulties, behavioural disturbances, as well as academic challenges. Emerging evidence suggests that children with ADHD may benefit from cognitive training interventions, including those focused on attention. This study aims to assess the immediate and long-term
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Wu, Zhao-Min, Janita Bralten, Li An, et al. "Verbal working memory-related functional connectivity alterations in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and the effects of methylphenidate." Journal of Psychopharmacology 31, no. 8 (2017): 1061–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881117715607.

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Objective: Few studies have investigated verbal working memory-related functional connectivity patterns in participants with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Thus, we aimed to compare working memory-related functional connectivity patterns in healthy children and those with ADHD, and study effects of methylphenidate (MPH). Method: Twenty-two boys with ADHD were scanned twice, under either MPH (single dose, 10 mg) or placebo, in a randomised, cross-over, counterbalanced placebo-controlled design. Thirty healthy boys were scanned once. We used fMRI during a numerical n-back task
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Raghavan, Kadalraja, Vidyasagar Devaprasad Dedeepiya, Nobunao Ikewaki, et al. "Improvement of behavioural pattern and alpha-synuclein levels in autism spectrum disorder after consumption of a beta-glucan food supplement in a randomised, parallel-group pilot clinical study." BMJ Neurology Open 4, no. 1 (2022): e000203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjno-2021-000203.

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BackgroundAutism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a wide range of behavioural disabilities for which there are no definite interventional modalities available. Remedial therapies remain the only option but with varying outcomes. We have evaluated the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and alpha-synuclein levels in this parallel-group, multiple-arm pilot clinical study after supplementation with a biological response modifier beta-glucan food supplement (Nichi Glucan).MethodsSix subjects with ASD (n=6) Gr. 1 underwent conventional treatment comprising remedial behavioural therapies and L-carnosi
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Farrow, Maree, Richard B. Silberstein, Florence Levy, et al. "Prefrontal and Parietal Deficits in ADHD Suggested by Brain Electrical Activity Mapping During Children's Performance of the AX CPT." Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 13, no. 1 (1996): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0816512200027413.

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AbstractNine children meeting DSM-III-R criteria for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and eighteen normal children participated in this study. A screening assessment revealed significantly more behavioural and academic problems in the ADHD group. Subjects performed a low demand visual vigilance task (the reference task) and the AX version of the continuous perfonnance task (CPT), while the steady-state visually evoked potential (SSVEP) was continuously recorded from 64 scalp electrode sites. The topography of the SSVEP amplitude difference between the reference and AX tasks was
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Sarma, Vivek Parameswara, and Aravind C. S. "The diagnosis and treatment of lower urinary tract dysfunction in children: a clinical perspective." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 12, no. 3 (2025): 524–30. https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20250422.

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The abnormalities in the filling and/or emptying phases of the bladder, with no obvious anatomical or neurological abnormality are considered as Functional disorders of the lower urinary tract (LUT). The term lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) includes a wide spectrum of disorders with variable clinical presentation. LUTD is a common problem seen in daily practice that accounts for up to 40% of paediatric urology clinic visits in a year. The fact that it has been reported to affect 5–20% of all children highlights the clinical significance of this disorder. A thorough literature review of
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Bjørnebekk, Gunnar, and Dagfinn Mørkrid Thøgersen. "Possible Interventions for Preventing the Development of Psychopathic Traits among Children and Adolescents?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 1 (2021): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010409.

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Individuals with the combination of psychopathy and severe conduct disorder often get in a lot of trouble from their early childhood, and can cause great suffering and problems for other people and their immediate environment. Their antisocial behaviour has a tendency to develop into a chronic pattern early in life, and the treatment prognosis in adulthood is poor. A large proportion of serious violent crimes in society can be attributed to this group of perpetrators. Until recently, it has been unclear whether traits of this type can be prevented or changed, so that these individuals and thei
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Giasuddin, Noor Ahmed, and Shazadi Farha Diba. "Pattern of Child and Adolescent Patients Attending Psychiatric Outpatient Department of the Mental Hospital in Bangladesh." Faridpur Medical College Journal 7, no. 2 (2013): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v7i2.13501.

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Bangladesh has only one mental hospital which is situated in Pabna district of the country. People from the nearby locality as well as from distant regions of the country come here for psychiatric service. Clinical records of all the children who attended the outpatient department of 'Mental Hospital, Pabna' (MHP) during January, 2009 to June, 2009 were analyzed. Of the 143 children, 125 (88%) were of school going age (i.e., ?6 years of age). The majority (63%) of the patients were male. International Classification of Diseases (ICD) classification revealed that the patients came with mental r
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Wildenberg, B., R. Pires, D. Pereira, I. Faria, and N. Madeira. "Neuroimaging in Internet gaming disorder comorbid with Attention-deficit disorder." European Psychiatry 66, S1 (2023): S912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.1931.

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IntroductionInternet gaming disorder (IGD) refers to a pattern of persistent gambling behaviour or recurring gambling, on the Internet, with impaired control, increased priority, and continuation or escalation of gambling despite the occurrence of negative consequences. Currently, online gambling - more frequent among men - represents a very important, constantly growing economic activity. Since the COVID-19 pandemic and the need to conduct classes online, there has been an increase in the rate of IGD in children and youth (7-25 years old). Comorbidities, namely attention deficit hyperactivity
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Sung, Sharon C., Han Ying Tng, Zi Jun Wong, et al. "Assessing for Mood and Anxiety Disorders in Parents of Clinically-Referred Children: Laying the Foundation for a Family-Based Approach to Mental Health in Singapore." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 48, no. 2 (2019): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v48n2p55.

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Introduction: Family history of psychopathology is a risk factor for mood and anxiety disorders in children, but little is known about rates of parental psychopathology among treatment-seeking youth with affective disorders in the Asia Pacific region. This study examined patterns of emotional and behavioural problems in parents of clinically-referred youth in Singapore. We hypothesised that parents would have higher rates of affective disorders compared to the Singapore national prevalence rate of 12%. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 47 families were recruited from affect
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Kriti, Arora, Dimple Choudhry Dr., Sujata Sethi Dr., and Malika. "Effect of 6-Week Structured Exercise Program on Attention Span, Behavior and Motor Skills Performance in Children with ADHD; A Randomized Control Trial Study." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIO-MEDICAL SCIENCE 05, no. 03 (2025): 215–21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15093835.

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<strong>Purpose:&nbsp;</strong>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of impulsivity, inattention and hyperactivity with onset in early childhood and a high rate of persistence into adulthood. Children with ADHD are known to struggle with motor coordination and find it challenging to complete several motor activities at once or in a sequential order. Aim of the study is to assess the effect of structured exercise program on attention span, behavior and motor skills in children with ADHD. &nbsp; <strong>Methods</str
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Kumawat, Shraddha, Rakesh Kumar Nagar, and Vishal Nandlal Prajapati. "Clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of Mentosoothe Compound in the management of Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder." Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 8, no. 7 (2023): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.8.7.6.

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Introduction: DSM-5 defines Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder as having a persistent pattern of hyperactivity or inattention. This affects social, emotional, cognitive, and academic performance, behavioural skills in children and adolescents. The suffering child should have more than 6 symptoms of a particular type. Due to aetiology of Dhee Dhriti and Smriti, which results in imbalance of Kala and Karma and leads to incorrect interaction of the senses with their aims (Asatmyendriyartha Samyoga), gives rise to inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Considering the nature of symptoma
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Giannotta, Gabriele, Marta Ruggiero, and Antonio Trabacca. "Chronobiology in Paediatric Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Harmonizing Care with Biological Clocks." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 24 (2024): 7737. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13247737.

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Background: Chronobiology has gained attention in the context of paediatric neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including migraine, epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Disruptions in circadian rhythms are associated with key symptoms such as sleep disturbances, mood dysregulation, and cognitive impairments, suggesting a potential for chronobiology-based therapeutic approaches. Methods: This narrative review employs a systematic approach to identify relevant studies through searches of thr
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Cubillo, A., R. Halari, E. Taylor, K. Rubia, and V. Giampietro. "Fronto-striatal Brain Dysfunction in Adults with Hyperactive/inattentive Behaviours Followed up from Childhood in Tasks of Motor Inhibition and Cognitive Flexibility." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70627-3.

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children has been associated with functional abnormalities in fronto-striatal brain regions during tasks of inhibitory control. In adults with ADHD, however, no functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study has investigated the neurofunctional correlates of the most compromised cognitive functions of motor response inhibition or cognitive flexibility.fMRI was used combined with a tracking Stop task of motor response inhibition and a cognitive Switch task to compare brain function between 11 medication-naïve adults (26-30 yrs) with inatten
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Jansen, Jennifer M., Elizabeth Mary Green, Louise A. Stroud, and Mark B. Watson. "Brachmann Cornelia De Lange Syndrome: A Tailored Approach for Assessment and Intervention Using the Griffiths III." Journal of Studies in Education 10, no. 3 (2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jse.v10i3.17202.

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The process of evaluation and intervention of an atypical child poses challenges in a number of areas. These challenges include measures that are not normed for a clinical population, the interpretation of test scores and the use of test scores to devise a meaningful individualized intervention plan that also takes into account sociocultural issues affecting family functioning. To highlight these challenges, an evaluation of a 7-year 1month old girl with Brachmann Cornelia De Lange Syndrome is described using the Griffiths III Scales of Child Development together with the Conners 3- Parent Tea
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Glover, Vivette. "The Effects of Maternal Anxiety or Stress During Pregnancy on The Fetus and The Long-Term Development of The Child." Nutrition and Health 19, no. 1-2 (2007): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026010600701900207.

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There is evidence from several prospective studies that stress during pregnancy can affect the behavioural, emotional and cognitive development of the fetus and the child. Animal models suggest that this may be mediated via the HPA axis. Interventions to reduce stress in pregnant women are now a priority. Large prospective studies are providing increasing independent evidence that maternal stress/anxiety during pregnancy can affect fetal brain development, having adverse effects on the child's emotional, behavioural and cognitive development. It is suggested that the function of fetal programm
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Mandagere, Vinay, Helen Stephens, Kitty Kwan, Jatinder Singh, and Paramala Santosh. "Paediatric Catatonia as a First Presentation of Autism: A Case Report." BJPsych Open 10, S1 (2024): S282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2024.673.

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AimsCatatonia is a rare neuropsychiatric syndrome in children. It is characterised by mutism, stupor, posturing, negativism, and rigidity. Historically, catatonia was associated only with psychosis, however catatonic symptoms are being recognised as more prevalent in people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Our case report highlights the importance of investigating the potential underlying psychopathology and/or neurodevelopmental condition as this may guide management.MethodsWe present a case of a boy in early adolescence who was admitted to the Emergency Department for abnormal slowing of
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William, Batten, Pierre Germaine, Guilder Laura, and Hogg Sarah. "P19 Clinical pearl: pharmaceutical management of siblings with guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (gamt) deficiency." Archives of Disease in Childhood 103, no. 2 (2018): e1.24-e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-314584.30.

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SituationPatient A and B are 9 and 4 year old siblings with developmental delay and in particular; speech delay, seizures and behavioural difficulties. They were found to have GAMT deficiency due to a heterozygous pathogenic GAMT splicing mutation c.327G&gt;A and pathogenic GAMT nonsense mutation c.522G&gt;A (Trp174Ter). Patient A and B were referred to the regional metabolic team for further input. Management of this rare disorder involves combination treatment with specialist medications and a protein restricted diet.1,2BackgroundGAMT deficiency is an inherited disorder of creatine synthesis
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Bhandari, Sudhir, Ajit Singh Shaktawat, Bhoopendra Patel, et al. "The sequel to COVID-19: the antithesis to life." Journal of Ideas in Health 3, Special1 (2020): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.47108/jidhealth.vol3.issspecial1.69.

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The pandemic of COVID-19 has afflicted every individual and has initiated a cascade of directly or indirectly involved events in precipitating mental health issues. The human species is a wanderer and hunter-gatherer by nature, and physical social distancing and nationwide lockdown have confined an individual to physical isolation. The present review article was conceived to address psychosocial and other issues and their aetiology related to the current pandemic of COVID-19. The elderly age group has most suffered the wrath of SARS-CoV-2, and social isolation as a preventive measure may furth
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Adeyinka, Ganiyat Ishola (RN Ph.D), and Bolaji Oluwayemisi (RN B.Sc) Awosanya. "PATTERN OF BEHAVIOURAL RESPONSES TO ENURESIS AMONG CHILDREN IN A SELECTED COMMUNITY, IBADAN, NIGERIA." May 12, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3938430.

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In recent times, one of the most common distressful disorders among children is enuresis. It makes them highly vulnerable to the development of behavioural and mental health disorders, such as attention deficit disorder, conduct disorders, oppositional defiant disorders among others. This study aimed to determine the pattern of behavioural disorder in children with enuresis in a rural community in South -West, Nigeria.Descriptive research design using an interviewer-administered questionnaire to elicit information on the perceived pattern of behavioural disorder in children with enuresis. Moth
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Ojha, Saroj P., Mahendra K. Nepal, Shisir K. Regmi, Abdul Khalid, Naba Raj Koirala, and Chitra K. Gurung. "An Exploratory Study of Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Physically Disabled Children and Adolescents." Journal of Institute of Medicine Nepal 22, no. 3 & 4 (2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.59779/jiomnepal.132.

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A two-stage study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of emotional and behavioural problems in physically disabled children and adolescents and also to study the patterns of psychiatric morbidity among them. A stratified random sample of 100 institutionalized and non-institutionalized disabled children and adolescents aged 4 to 18 years from among a total of 618 disabled children and adolescents were evaluated by using CBCL questionnaires, which were completed, by their parents or caretakers in the first stage study. All high scorers (above 98th percentile) and 20 percent of low scorers
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Gondim Oliveira, Rhaiana, and Ubirajara Barroso, Jr. "Overactive Bladder in Children." European Medical Journal, June 7, 2018, 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33590/emj/10314428.

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Overactive bladder (OAB) is clinically defined as the presence of urinary urgency and may be associated with diurnal urinary incontinence, frequency, and enuresis, and/or constipation. In children aged 5–10 years, the prevalence is 5–12%. Association with emotional disorders is widely described in the literature. Constipation is associated with voiding symptoms because of crosstalk between the gastrointestinal tract and the urinary tract. OAB is believed to be multifactorial. Correct functioning between the pontine micturition centre, the periaqueductal grey matter, anterior cingulate gyrus, a
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Jurin, M., A. Šribar, and I. Rukavina. "Comorbidities in ten children with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD)." Paediatria Croatica 53, no. 3 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.13112/pc.886.

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Aims: Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder – ADHD is one of the most common neuro-developmental disorders (cognitive and behavioural) in childhood and adolescence, and it is characterised by symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsiveness and detention disturbance. A diagnosis is made on the basis of the appropriate diagnostic criteria (Diagnostic and Statistical manual - DSM-IV) and the International Classification of Disorders – ICD-10. The aim of this study was to present the accompanying difficulties (comorbidities) in children with ADHD. Methods: Ten children were included in the study a
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Zaky, Eman A., Maha Z. Ramadam Mohammed, Mahmoud Y. Ali, and Reham I. Abdel Mageed. "Electrophysiological Changes in Patients with Pediatric Mental Disorders." QJM: An International Journal of Medicine 116, Supplement_1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcad069.658.

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Background Electroencephalography (EEG) measures represent an important data source for a new quantitative science of macroscopic and microscopic cortical brain dynamics. Objective To record the central neuro- electrophysiological pattern in children with different types of pediatric mental disorders. Methods In this cross-sectional observational study, 100 children with different types of pediatric mental disorders [Autism (n = 30), ADHD (n = 30) and nocturnal enuresis (n = 40)] were evaluated from those under regular follow up at the Child Psychiatry Clinic, Children’s hospital, Ain Shams Un
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Indu, PC, A. Gowrishankar, R. Vijayaraghavan, et al. "Effect of Behavioural Training Programme on Nutritional Factors of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Two Group Pretest Post-test Time Series Design." JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, June 1, 2025. https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2025/78895.21133.

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Introduction: Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are nutritionally vulnerable as they exhibit a selective eating pattern. Evidence shows that 40-85% of children with ASD demonstrate food selectivity, which is attenuated by dietary restrictions such as gluten-free/casein-free diets, imposed as a therapeutic approach to improve their gastrointestinal symptoms. Although inadequate micronutrient and macronutrient intakes are increasingly reported, there are inconsistent results regarding the extent of nutrient deficiencies. Aim: To analyse the effectiveness of a behavioural training prog
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Lind, Penelope A., and Sarah E. Medland. "censusADHD Study: An Australian-wide medication-based recruitment study for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, March 31, 2022, 000486742210892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00048674221089234.

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Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder affects over 5% of children and is characterised by a persistent pattern of problems with focussing or maintaining attention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity. The censusADHD Study is a richly phenotyped nationwide cohort of Australian children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The overarching aims of the study are to examine attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder medication utilisation patterns and treatment response, the impact of children’s attention and behavioural problems on caregivers, and costs related to attention-defic
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"An Integrated System for initial Prediction for Autism Spectrum Disorders." Regular Issue 4, no. 8 (2020): 83–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijmh.h0786.044820.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder ASD specifies where lots of behavioral disabilities, such as social connections and lack of commutating, repetitions of same works, and only single areas are focused. While ASD is noticed in initial stage, some deficiencies and behavioral patterns may not be found as the indication unless they affect a person’s life in a particular way. An infrastructure to record, detect and label the behavioural patterns of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been developed. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) effects the entire life of a person. The major symptoms of ASD are
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Shilpa Jayan T, Satheesh K, and Aparna P.M. "Ayurvedic Management Along with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in Conduct Disorder - A Case Report." International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research, June 8, 2023, 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47070/ijapr.v11i5.2826.

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A consistent pattern of behaviour that violates others fundamental rights or disregard social norm is considered to be an indication of conduct disorder. As listed in the DSM-V, symptoms typically include aggression to people and animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness or theft and serious violation of rules. These behaviours are typically displayed by children and adolescents in a variety of settings- at home, at school, and in social situations and they cause remarkable impairment in his or her social, academic or occupational functioning.&#x0D; A 10 year old boy presented with lying
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Safar, Kristina, Marlee M. Vandewouw, Elizabeth W. Pang, et al. "Shared and Distinct Patterns of Functional Connectivity to Emotional Faces in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Children." Frontiers in Psychology 13 (March 9, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.826527.

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Impairments in emotional face processing are demonstrated by individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which is associated with altered emotion processing networks. Despite accumulating evidence of high rates of diagnostic overlap and shared symptoms between ASD and ADHD, functional connectivity underpinning emotion processing across these two neurodevelopmental disorders, compared to typical developing peers, has rarely been examined. The current study used magnetoencephalography to inves
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Lasota, Agnieszka. "The Mediating Role of Social Interactions and Early Psychopathological Symptoms in the Relationship Between Empathy and Prosociality in Young Children with ASD and Neurotypical Peers." Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, October 26, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06553-6.

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AbstractThis study examined the relationship between empathy, prosocial behaviour, social interactions and early psychopathological symptoms (internalising and externalising behaviours) in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) children. A total of 506 parents of children aged 18–48 months participated in this study. The parents of 92 children with ASD and 414 neurotypical children completed the Empathy Questionnaire, the Child Prosocial Behaviour Questionnaire, and the Emotional and Social Development Questionnaire. The results confirmed the direct relation
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Arora, Kriti, Dr Dimple Choudhry, Dr Sujata Sethi, and Malika Malika. "Effect of 6-Week Structured Exercise Program on Attention Span, Behavior and Motor Skills Performance in Children with ADHD; A Randomized Control Trial Study." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Bio-Medical Science 05, no. 03 (2025). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijpbms/v5-i3-11.

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Purpose: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of impulsivity, inattention and hyperactivity with onset in early childhood and a high rate of persistence into adulthood. Children with ADHD are known to struggle with motor coordination and find it challenging to complete several motor activities at once or in a sequential order. Aim of the study is to assess the effect of structured exercise program on attention span, behavior and motor skills in children with ADHD. Methods: 30 diagnosed subjects of ADHD were rando
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Ebrahim, Ayman Khalil, Jaafar Jawad Makhlooq, and Maryam Yusuf Busehail. "Landau–Kleffner Syndrome Can Herald the Diagnosis of GRIN2A Gene Mutation." Case Reports in Pediatrics 2025, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1155/crpe/8869587.

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Landau–Kleffner syndrome is a rare age‐related childhood epileptic syndrome of linguistic decline and neuropsychological abnormalities as main clinical symptoms. It is a functional language disorder of children, manifesting with auditory verbal agnosia and other predominantly linguistic deficits. Also, cognitive and neurophysiological–behavioural abnormalities might manifest. Clinical seizures have been reported in three‐quarters of children. Recent advances in genomic studies have provided important insights into the understanding of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autistic spectrum diso
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Rasmussen, Ida Scheel, Philip Wilson, Gritt Overbeck, and Katrine Strandberg-Larsen. "Association of self-reported mother–infant relationship with child and adolescent mental health." BJPsych Open 9, no. 2 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2023.4.

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Background The quality of the relationship between mother and infant may have profound implications for the development of a child. Early indicators of psychological vulnerability may allow targeting of support for the child's cognitive, emotional and social development. A challenging mother–infant relationship could be one indicator of risk. Aims This study examined variations in psychological well-being and psychopathology among boys and girls according to early maternal perception of the mother–infant relationship. Method This study is based on 64 663 mother–infant pairs from the Danish Nat
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Decke, Siona, Karina Deckert, Martin Lang, et al. "“We’re in good hands there.” - Acceptance, barriers and facilitators of a primary care-based health coaching programme for children and adolescents with mental health problems: a qualitative study (PrimA-QuO)." BMC Family Practice 21, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12875-020-01344-1.

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Abstract Background 11.5 % of girls and 17.8 % of boys are affected by a mental health problem (MHP). The most prevalent problem areas are behavioural problems (girls/boys in %: 11.9/17.9), emotional problems (9.7/8.6) and hyperactivity problems (4.8/10.8). Primary care paediatricians are the first in line to be contacted. Nevertheless, even for less severely affected patients, referral rates to specialised care are constantly high. Therefore, a major statutory health insurance fund introduced a Health Coaching (HC) programme, including a training concept for paediatricians, standardised guide
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