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Journal articles on the topic 'Environment aspects of Refuse and refuse disposal'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Sufiyan, Ibrahim. "ASSESSMENT OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ON SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL IN SOUTHERN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA." Journal of Wastes and Biomass Management 2, no. 1 (July 23, 2020): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/jwbm.01.2020.15.18.

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Solid waste comprises all specks of dirt discarded which are unwanted be human as well as harmful to our environment. There is a rapid increase in the generation and disposal of solid waste such as refuse, garbages, dry leaves, old irons aluminum and many more. The southern Kaduna is a region with rapid growth in population. The rise in the per capita income of the individual increases the rate of their consumption. The rate of population growth also escalates the disposal of solid waste. The human health is in danger of communicable diseases, air and waterborne diseases because of the reckless disposal of solid waste in Southern Kaduna; (Sanga, Jemaa and Kaura Local Government area). The public sector participation is low which increases refuse dumpsite that affects the environment. The blockage of the street by the heap of refuse, the bad smile or odour, the groundwater contamination and spoil soil structure and it affluent. The use of statistical methods of correlation analysis proves that there is a significant relationship between public participation and waste dumping in the study area. About 330 samples of respondents were taken and the result of 0.97 correlation of weekly waste disposal, 0.96 correlation of monthly disposal and 0.98 correlation coefficient of annual solid waste disposal waste was obtained.

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2

Zhou, Ke, Wen Qiang Fan, Yang Fu, Wen Pu Yuan, and Xiao Xiao Lin. "The Innovation of Miniaturized Continuous Efficient Refuse Disposal System." Advanced Materials Research 718-720 (July 2013): 1400–1407. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.718-720.1400.

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There are mainly three measures for waste disposal: combustion, landfill and composting. Among them, combustion is believed to be the most efficient way. It is the most convenient way to reduce the amount of waste at utmost. Meanwhile, it is not only harmless, but contributes useful heat source. Therefore, most of developed countries employed combustion in waste disposal. Today, China is contributing 30 percent of the waste in the world; however, landfilling is still the most common way for waste disposal. To change this situation, the government of China has taken steps to generalize the use of combustion in waste disposal. Besides the policies by the government, another exciting thing is that the Beijing Honyuanmao CO. Ltd. Of environmental protection machinery successfully invented an advanced miniaturized continuous efficient refuse disposal system. after three years investigation. This invention finds a new way to develop environment friendly society, green economics and cyclic economics.

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3

Stevens, P. L., J. S. Henderson, and R. Tulli. "Indianapolis Resource Recovery Facility: Community Efforts and Techology Required for a Successful Project." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 112, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906474.

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There are many community needs. Refuse is an abundant byproduct of our civilization. The disposal of this byproduct has become a major problem for our cities. This paper describes one community’s efforts to turn a community problem, refuse disposal, into a community asset. The paper describes the many aspects of effort and technology required to develop the Indianapolis Resource Recovery Facility. This facility required the cooperation of the public and private sectors to blend technology into a successful project. Special efforts were required to match appropriate technology to specific community needs and produce a successful and economically sound project. Five basic activities are presented. The first four activities are essential steps for any community to assure the right project fit to community needs. The areas presented are: (1) defining community needs, (2) technology evaluation (approaches evaluated), (3) feasibility studies (economic studies), (4) project implementation (bids and contracts), and (5) a description of the Indianapolis Resource Recovery facility. A review of these five areas places a real world perspective on refuse as an alternative fuel and source of resource recovery.

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4

Sung, Hsin-Chen, Yiong-Shing Sheu, Bing-Yuan Yang, and Chun-Han Ko. "Municipal Solid Waste and Utility Consumption in Taiwan." Sustainability 12, no. 8 (April 22, 2020): 3425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083425.

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In Taiwan, 3,130,735 t of refuse for disposal and 4,113,808 t of recycled recyclable waste were generated in 2017. The government of Taiwan has been actively promoting a resource recycling program since July 1998. To pursue sustainability and locate waste minimization opportunities, the correlation between utility consumption and population and the quantity of refuse and recyclable waste from municipalities in Taiwan was studied. There are six special municipalities and 16 cities and counties covering a great variety of urbanization and settlement characteristics, such as registered populations, electricity, and water consumption. The above parameters of the municipalities were correlated with the quantities of refuse and recycled urban waste. Residential electricity consumption, overall population, and business electricity consumption were found to be major parameters correlating the generation of refuse and recycled urban waste. Due to their higher levels of business activities, the waste generation behaviours of these six special municipalities are more diverse than those of the 16 municipalities. Due to the discrepancy of the registered population system, the utility consumption values within administrative boundaries can better predict municipal solid waste, (MSW) generation than utility consumption at a per capita. Utility consumption within administrative boundaries is more convenient as a measure to predict refuse and recycled urban waste than other complex social–economic indicators.

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5

Kapetanios, E. G., M. Loizidou, and G. Valkanas. "Compost production from Greek domestic refuse." Bioresource Technology 44, no. 1 (January 1993): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(93)90201-l.

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6

Oleabhiele, E. J., and D. E. Dotimi. "INDISCRIMINATE REFUSE DUMPING AND FLOODING IN AMASSOMA COMMUNITY, NIGERIA." African Journal of Health, Safety and Environment 1, no. 1 (March 9, 2020): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/ajhse.v1i1.28.

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Appropriate waste disposal is crucial for a healthy environment and avoidance of health hazards. Environmental problems arising from indiscriminate dumping of refuse needs urgent attention, control and management in Nigeria. This study sought to examine the relationship between indiscriminate refuse dumping and flooding in Amassoma community of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The study was anchored on structural-functionalist theory. The study engaged the survey research design and its population comprised residents of Amassoma community and staff of Bayelsa State Environmental Sanitation Authority. A triangulation of both quantitative and qualitative method of data collection was used. Quantitatively, a sample size of 378 were administered closed ended structured questionnaires which elicited information based on the study’s objectives, while qualitatively, 5 respondents participated in the study’s in-depth interview which allowed for participants to disclose their feelings and attitude more readily about the subject matter. The non-probability sampling technique involving the use of accidental sampling was employed in selecting the study respondents. Quantitative data were analyzed using the non-parametric method of Chi-square, while qualitative data was content analyzed using verbatim quotations. The study findings revealed that there was a significant relationship between the waste disposal habit of the people and flooding and also, between poor waste management and flooding in the study area. It also revealed a significant relationship between drains blocked by refuse dumping and flooding in Amassoma community. The study therefore recommends a communal orientation on the need for proper waste disposal for residents of Amassoma community to ensure positive attitude towards waste management and, effective control of indiscriminate refuse dumping in drains, so as to reduce the incidence of flooding in the community.

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7

Sulisti, Irene A. Watson-Craik, and Eric Senior. "Studies on the co-disposal ofo-cresol with municipal refuse." Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 65, no. 1 (January 1996): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4660(199601)65:1<72::aid-jctb410>3.0.co;2-8.

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8

Boluža, Inese, and Evita Lipe. "POLICE INTERACTION WITH MUSLIMS – LEGAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS." BORDER SECURITY AND MANAGEMENT 2, no. 7 (July 5, 2018): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/bsm.v2i7.3490.

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Due to the geopolitical changes in the world, police officers have to understand culture and religion of Muslims which will promote a more secure environment and self-confidence about the legal and practical aspects of interaction with Muslims in Latvia. However, the most police officers have insufficient knowledge of Islam regarding law enforcement in dealing with Muslims. Muslims, who have arrived in the last decade, have had a negative experience with police in their country of origin, so, in some cases, immigrants may be afraid of police officers and refuse to cooperate with them.

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9

Daneel, Richard A., and Eric Senior. "Phenol and refuse catabolism: the effects of different co-disposal strategies." Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 73, no. 2 (October 1998): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4660(1998100)73:2<119::aid-jctb938>3.0.co;2-a.

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10

Akmal, Tanzila, and Faisal Jamil. "Assessing Health Damages from Improper Disposal of Solid Waste in Metropolitan Islamabad–Rawalpindi, Pakistan." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (March 3, 2021): 2717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052717.

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Rapid urbanization in developing countries leads to a dramatic increase in solid waste production, with serious socio-economic and ecological impacts. In order to avoid the associated hazards, particularly those related to human health and the environment, solid waste management is indispensable. Disposal of municipal waste that predominantly comprises household and commercial refuse has become a daunting task for local governments and municipalities of Pakistan. Issues related to both inadequacy of service delivery and inappropriate disposal signify that waste management should be high on the local environment policy agenda. In particular, the external cost of waste management is high, and cost recovery of refuse collection may cause the exclusion of many households and additional costs on the households that avail themselves of the service. In this study, we carried out an evaluation of the health damage caused by improper waste disposal in a sample of heterogeneous households. The study shows a framework for evaluating the damages caused by inadequate waste management practices. The results indicate that irregular disposal in the vicinity of residents causes illness: respondents living within 100 m are more vulnerable to malaria, dengue, and asthma than those living more than 500 m away. Moreover, the findings highlight that households lack knowledge of waste hazards and 75.9% of waste is not segregated. We suggest a subsidized waste collection and disposal service provided either by the local government or by outsourcing.

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11

Ortiz, N. E., and G. R. Smith. "Landfill sites, botulism and gulls." Epidemiology and Infection 112, no. 2 (April 1994): 385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800057794.

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SUMMARYBotulism due toClostridium botulinumtype C causes considerable mortality in gulls in the UK, and refuse disposal sites are suspected as a major source of toxin.C. botulinumtypes B, C and D were each found in 12 (63.2%) of 19 landfill sites examined. Type E was detected in only one (5.2%) and types A, F and G were not found. The prevalence of type C spores was much higher than that demonstrated in the UK environment by earlier surveys. The presence of these spores, together with the rotting organic matter and generated heat associated with landfill sites, undoubtedly leads to bacterial proliferation and toxigenesis. This is likely to result in botulism in scavenging gulls unless skilled landfill management prevents the ingestion of toxic material. Type D spores were previously shown to be rare in the UK environment and their high prevalence on landfill sites was therefore surprising. Four composite samples of refuse collected before distribution on a landfill gave negative results forC. botulinumand it seems likely that the gulls themselves play a major role in introducing contamination.

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12

Mshelia, Alfred D. "Assessment Of Hair Barbing Salon Waste Management Practices In Bama Township Of Borno State, Nigeria." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 3, no. 5 (May 31, 2015): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol3.iss5.367.

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The study assessed hair barbing salon Waste Management Practices in Bama. A set of questionnaire was administered to barbing salon proprietors to obtain their current barbing salon waste management styles, viz a viz the types of waste generated and methods of waste disposal. Data obtained were analyzed descriptively and reveals hair as the dominant waste generated in barbing salon operations. The hair wastes are swept and packed using coconut brooms and plastic hand shovel and stored in paper cartons. They are hence disposed on weekly or monthly basis or whenever cartons are filled up at refuse disposal points along streets within the neigbourhood, outskirt of the town, a large trench left behind by Cubits Civil Engineering Construction Company and the Yedseram river valley or at best burnt or buried. The adoption of these disposal techniques is more or less the same technique used in the disposal of all forms of refuse in the study area where wastes are disposed with impunity. In the same vein, there is a significant level of awareness of the impact of salon waste management practices on the environment/society by perpetrators. The study recommended steps for better barbing salon waste management to include salon waste reuse and recycling by researching into how barbing salon wastes can be a resource.

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13

Smyth, Michael P. "Maize Storage among the Puuc Maya: The Development of an Archaeological Method." Ancient Mesoamerica 1, no. 1 (1990): 51–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536100000079.

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AbstractMesoamerican archaeologists have long realized that agricultural food storage helped support large prehispanic centers, especially in places where food production was seasonally constrained by culture and environment. Yet, past storage has rarely been identified or interpreted accurately at Mesoamerican sites – a dilemma that challenges archaeologists to improve research methods. To meet this challenge, recent ethnoarchaeological research into household maize storage behavior among traditional Puuc Maya farmers has revealed that storage is closely interrelated with daily food processing activities. This information has fostered the development of a storage model (based on houselot spatial organization, activity scheduling, and refuse disposal), providing a framework to interpret the material remains of storage-related behavior affected by diverse maize storage techniques. Excavations within modern Puuc houselots have begun to document feature, refuse, chemical, and botanical patterns that indicate storage places. Together, these storage patterns and their spatial associations in Puuc houselots contribute significant information towards building an archaeological storage method.

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14

Krawczyk, Piotr, Krzysztof Badyda, and Aleksandra Mikołajczak. "The environmental impact of refuse derived fuel co-combustion with lignite." MATEC Web of Conferences 240 (2018): 05013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824005013.

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Legal regulations on waste disposal require waste producers to limit landfilling and to find different ways of waste management, the preferred methods being recycling of material and energy potential. Currently, in Poland, the only consumers of refuse-derived fuels (RDF) are cement plants. However, their ability to utilize alternative fuel is far from the estimated potential. One solution would be to redirect the excess fuel to power and heat production facilities. Unfortunately, these sectors are facing a number of problems related to the thermal treatment of waste, mainly formal nature. Co-combustion of waste in power plants raises a lot of concern among their employees and local communities. Especially significant is the harmfulness of usage of fuel from waste for the people’s lives or health, or the environment. The article compares the environmental footprints of the combustion process of: waste - based fuel (RDF) and lignite. The analysis was performed for a standard pulverized coal fired boiler. Comparative assessment was made by analyzing the total environmental impact of all combustion products of the two fuels. Final results have shown, that the environmental footprint of waste-based fuels can be similar or even smaller than traditional coal-based fuels

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15

Tay, Joo‐Hwa. "Energy Generation and Resources Recovery from Refuse Incineration." Journal of Energy Engineering 114, no. 3 (December 1988): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9402(1988)114:3(107).

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16

Muturi, Elizabeth. "INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS PARTICIPATION AND MANAGEMENT OF SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL. A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW." Journal of Environment 1, no. 1 (July 24, 2021): 14–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/je.619.

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Purpose: Solid waste is the remnant of the refuse that is collected and discarded by the public either in a managed system or in a mismanaged way. It also includes garbage or trash which consists of everyday items discarded by the public, for example plastic papers and containers, kitchen refuse, and market waste. The general objective of the study was to examine influence of stakeholder’s participation and management of solid waste disposal. A critical literature review. Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. Findings: The study concludes that the stakeholders are local and national government municipalities; city corporations; non-governmental organizations (NGO's); households, private contractor; Ministries of Health and Environment. The authorities, local and national municipalities, are largely responsible for the Waste Collection in the waste management chain. The Ministry of Health was is the most important stakeholder, followed by municipalities and solid waste management councils. Recommendations: The study recommends that there should be good drainage and proper town planning especially building standards like spacing and reserved areas; urban planning, infrastructural maintenance, and waste management like garbage clearing, and waste channeling; early warning system, reliable forecast, awareness, and inspections; community involvement through farming, afforestation, environmental sanitation, and stoppage of illegal mining; flood protection like dams, gabion, digging trenches, and water harvesting. Keywords: influence, stakeholders, participation and management solid waste disposal

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17

Mohammadi, Soufia, Pilar Monsalvete Álvarez de Uribarri, and Ursula Eicker. "Decentral Energy Generation Potential of Anaerobic Digestion of Black Water and Kitchen Refuse for Eco-District Planning." Energies 14, no. 10 (May 19, 2021): 2948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14102948.

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Biogas technology is an important alternative energy source worldwide. Blackwater and kitchen refuse represent ideal waste streams for bioenergy recovery through anaerobic co-digestion. Modeling of the biokinetics of anaerobic digestion on several aspects, such as microbial activity, substrate degradation, and methane production, from co-digestion of black water (BW) and kitchen refuse (KR) was the objective of this research. A mathematical model was developed towards a simulation based on mass balances on biomass, the organic substrate, and biogas. The model was implemented in INSEL and experimental data from the literature were used for model validation. The study shows that the simulation results fit well with the experimental data. The energy consumption and generation potential of anaerobic co-digestion of BW and KR were calculated to investigate if the produced biogas could supply the digester’s energy demand. This study can be used to pre-design anaerobic digestion systems in eco-districts.

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18

Kasali, George B., Eric Senior, and Irene A. Watson-Craik. "Sodium bicarbonate effects on the anaerobic digestion of refuse." Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 45, no. 4 (April 24, 2007): 279–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.280450405.

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19

Kelly, Janet C. "Operational conditions." Nursing Ethics 18, no. 6 (October 5, 2011): 825–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733011408044.

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Using a three-dimensional ethical role-specific model, this article considers the dual loyalty conflict between following military orders and professional codes of practice in an operational military environment when a patient soldier refuses life-saving medical treatment and where their legal capacity is questionable. The article suggests that although every competent patient has the right to refuse medical treatment even though they may die as a consequence. Ordinarily, it is unethical to exert any undue influence on a patient to accept medical treatment, in a military operational environment where attack from the enemy is likely, it may be reasonable and understandable to exert undue influence over a patient when they lack legal capacity.

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20

Lou, Ziyang, Li Wang, and Youcai Zhao. "Consuming un-captured methane from landfill using aged refuse bio-cover." Bioresource Technology 102, no. 3 (February 2011): 2328–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.10.086.

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21

Xie, Bing, Shunzi Xiong, Shaobo Liang, Chong Hu, Xiaojun Zhang, and Jun Lu. "Performance and bacterial compositions of aged refuse reactors treating mature landfill leachate." Bioresource Technology 103, no. 1 (January 2012): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.09.114.

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22

Kasali, George B., and Eric Senior. "Effects of temperature and moisture on the anaerobic digestion of refuse." Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 44, no. 1 (April 24, 2007): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.280440105.

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23

Chang, Fang-Chih, Chun-Han Ko, Jun-Yi Wu, H. Paul Wang, and Wei-Sheng Chen. "Resource recovery of organic sludge as refuse derived fuel by fry-drying process." Bioresource Technology 141 (August 2013): 240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.112.

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24

Wang, Chao, Youcai Zhao, Bing Xie, Qing Peng, Muhammad Hassan, and Xiaoyuan Wang. "Nitrogen removal pathway of anaerobic ammonium oxidation in on-site aged refuse bioreactor." Bioresource Technology 159 (May 2014): 266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.093.

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25

Sato, Takafumi, Kentaro Inda, and Naotsugu Itoh. "Gasification of bean curd refuse with carbon supported noble metal catalysts in supercritical water." Biomass and Bioenergy 35, no. 3 (March 2011): 1245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.12.015.

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26

Fresa, Riccardo. "Informed consent of the critically ill patient and drug therapy: legal aspects." Reviews in Health Care 4, no. 2S (August 15, 2013): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7175/rhc.v4i2s.874.

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Legal issues concerning the doctor-patient relationship are numerous, and belong to the wider field of professional liability in health care. This article will be dealt with the issues related to informed consent in patients temporarily unable to express consent, or patients who are in a state of temporary incapacity. If the patients are temporarily incapable, and therefore are not able to receive the information nor to express consent to treatment, the physicians’ duty to provide medical treatment and the patients’ self-determination should be considered: the patients can consent or refuse treatment only if able to understand the significance of their decision. If a patient is temporarily unable to give consent and the practitioner doesn’t have at his/her disposal a valid document reporting the patient’s wishes, it’s necessary to rely on the so called “amministratore di sostegno” (introduced in the Italian legal system by Law n. 6 of January 9th, 2004). But in the case of not deferrable treatment, as a lifesaving intervention, the rule is in dubio pro life meaning that a doctor is always legitimized by this situation of urgent need, regardless of the informed consent of the patient and/or third parties.

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Bungau, Simona, Delia Tit, Katalin Fodor, Gabriela Cioca, Maricel Agop, Ciprian Iovan, Delia Cseppento, Adrian Bumbu, and Cristiana Bustea. "Aspects Regarding the Pharmaceutical Waste Management in Romania." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (August 7, 2018): 2788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082788.

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The issue of drug disposal, as well as the development and implementation of efficient collection strategies, represents an important concern at the highest European level. This research looks into the factors that could have an impact on the efficiency of pharmacies in collecting and disposing the medicinal waste of the population. There were 521 pharmacists from all over the country who filled in a questionnaire on their opinion/attitude related to the system of collecting and disposing the pharmaceutical waste of the population. Of the surveyed pharmacists, 16% work in pharmacies that do not collect unused/expired drugs from the population, and nearly 33% of those investigated have refused, at least once, to take the unused medicines from the people. Pharmacists’ most important reasons for refusing to collect the pharmaceutical waste were the lack of procedure, incomplete legislation, exceeding the amount contracted with the operators, and high costs. Results show that pharmacies in Romania face several deficiencies in the pharmaceutical waste collection services. The lack of implemented programs has contributed considerably to lower standards of pharmaceutical waste management in Romania. This study is the first research on this topic in Romania, a country where the management of drug-based waste generated by the population is at the beginning. The results shown in this survey can provide a reference point for competent authorities in developing and implementing a take-back program for waste medicine whose efficiency is superior to the existing ones.

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Kabakcı, Sibel Başakçılardan, and Hilal Aydemir. "Pyrolysis of olive pomace and copyrolysis of olive pomace with refuse derived fuel." Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy 33, no. 2 (September 2, 2013): 649–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ep.11827.

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Chae, J. S., M. Y. Zhang, S. J. Yang, H. J. Rho, J. W. Lee, and T. I. Ohm. "A Study on the Secondary Air Injection Method of the Combustor Considering Characteristics of Solid Refuse Fuels." Waste and Biomass Valorization 11, no. 8 (July 30, 2019): 4535–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-019-00769-9.

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Hwang, Sunjin, and Keisuke Hanaki. "Effects of oxygen concentration and moisture content of refuse on nitrification, denitrification and nitrous oxide production." Bioresource Technology 71, no. 2 (January 2000): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-8524(99)90068-8.

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Iglesias Jiménez, Emeterio, and Víctor Pérez García. "Relationships between organic carbon and total organic matter in municipal solid wastes and city refuse composts." Bioresource Technology 41, no. 3 (January 1992): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(92)90012-m.

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Chiemchaisri, Chart, Boonya Charnnok, and Chettiyappan Visvanathan. "Recovery of plastic wastes from dumpsite as refuse-derived fuel and its utilization in small gasification system." Bioresource Technology 101, no. 5 (March 2010): 1522–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.08.061.

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Park, Se-Won, Jang-Soo Lee, Won-Seok Yang, Md Tanvir Alam, and Yong-Chil Seo. "A Comparative Study of the Gasification of Solid Refuse Fuel in Downdraft Fixed Bed and Bubbling Fluidized Bed Reactors." Waste and Biomass Valorization 11, no. 5 (August 25, 2018): 2345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-018-0431-6.

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34

Anijiofor, Sandra Chinenyenwa, Nik Norsyahariati Nik Daud, Syazwani Idrus, and Hasfalina Che Man. "Recycling of fishpond wastewater by adsorption of pollutants using aged refuse as an alternative low-cost adsorbent." Sustainable Environment Research 28, no. 6 (November 2018): 315–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.serj.2018.05.005.

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35

Wang, Chao, Bing Xie, Lu Han, and Xiaofan Xu. "Study of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacterial community in the aged refuse bioreactor with 16S rRNA gene library technique." Bioresource Technology 145 (October 2013): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.01.170.

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Mela Danjin, Henry O. Sawyerr, and Solomon O. Adewoye. "Association between malnutrition and some water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) factors among school children in Gombe State, Nigeria." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 5, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 055–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2021.5.1.0006.

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The state of the environment in which we live and certain hygienic practices we indulge in has been known to affect our nutritional status. This study was aimed at examining the association between malnutrition and some selected water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) practices among school children in Gombe State Nigeria. A cross sectional survey was conducted between March and June, 2019. A total of 745 pupils were selected from 12 public and 6 private schools across 6 LGAs in Gombe state, using multi-stage sampling technique. Anthropometric measurements of heights and weights of the study participants were done using standard instruments and procedures. Other relevant data (age, sex, some environmental variables etc) were collected using a structured template. Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 21 and key variables were presented using descriptive statistics, while associations were tested using Chi square. Odd ratio (OR) was used to estimate risks of malnutrition among the subjects and p-value was set at 0.05. The pupils had a mean age of 9.96±2.26 years, 50.9% of whom were males the rest being females. Though 84.6% of them had toilets in their residences not all of them (98.6%) put them to use. A good proportion (79.1%) dispose their refuse by dumping and slightly more than half of them (51.7%) have access to pipe borne water. And though only two (method of refuse disposal and source of drinking water) out of the eight WASH variables studied were found to be associated with underweight (Composite indicator of malnutrition), all the eight variables were found to be associated with stunting (chronic malnutrition). Overall, 20.8% and 22.4% of the subjects were underweight and stunted, respectively. The foregoing raises a germane concern about the role of WASH in malnutrition among school children and the need for a comprehensive and sustainable school feeding programme in the state and country at large. There should also be an integration of a WASH component in all nutrition intervention programmes.

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Popoola, A. A., O. A. Ayangbile, and B. M. Adeleye. "Assessment of solid waste management systems in Ibadan North, Oyo State using geo-spatial techniques." Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management 9, no. 6 (November 30, 2016): 666–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejesm.v9i6.1.

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Solid waste management has been part of human activities right from time. Effort by the Oyo State Government in managing the collection and disposal of waste generated in Ibadan is seen in the provision of Skip bins at specific locations across the city. However, despite the provisions made by the government, an emerging trend is the dumping of refuse along the median of some major and collector roads in the city. This study aims at emphasizing a planning framework for the location of solid waste disposal infrastructure (Skip bins) through the adoption of planning standard. The aim of this study was achieved by identifying the existing skip bins within Ibadan North. More so, a spatial analysis of skip bins and resident's access to solid waste facilities within Ibadan North was deduced. Geospatial techniques were used for this study; data from primary and secondary source were also used to corroborate the geospatial findings. The study identified a total of 37 skip bins located within Ibadan North Local Government, serving the entire Ibadan North. Spatial analysis of the skip bins revealed a clustered distribution which is consequential to indiscriminate solid waste disposal within Ibadan North. The study recommends adequate provision and location of skip bins to contribute to a cleaner and safer environment and a design blue print for Ibadan North was proposed.Keywords: GIS, Median, Nearest Neighbour Analysis (NNA), Skip Bins

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Sanscartier, David, Kenneth Reimer, Barbara Zeeb, and Karen George. "Management of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil through bioremediation and landfill disposal at a remote location in Northern CanadaA paper submitted to the Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 37, no. 1 (January 2010): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l09-130.

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Northern communities often have limited resources to resolve petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) contamination. This project investigated an innovative approach for the management of diesel-contaminated soil in a remote community in Labrador. The soil was first treated in a passively aerated biopile to reduce the concentrations of mobile PHCs. The treated soil was then disposed of in the local landfill. Maximum total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations in soil, concentrations of PHCs with less than 16 carbons in soil, and TPH in leachate decreased during the 1 year field treatment. Microcosms incubated at 7 and 22 °C in the laboratory showed the potential for biodegradation of the PHCs. However, volatilization was likely the predominant PHC removal mechanism in the field. Disposal of treated soil to landfills has the advantage of transforming waste (i.e., soil) into a valued product (i.e., cover for the refuse). The development of risk-based guidelines for the disposal of PHC-contaminated soil into landfills in Canada appears to be needed and is discussed in this paper. Guidelines should be protective of the environment while prevent over-treatment of the soil, which may result in unnecessary spending and environmental impacts. The cost of the system tested was compared to that of treating soil in an off-site facility.

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Musa, J. J., J. D. Bala, H. I. Mustapha, M. Y. Otache, E. T. Musa, M. P. Akos, Y. I. Yerima, and E. S. Daniel. "Determination of Elemental Composition of Soil Samples from Selected Dumpsites in Nasarawa, Kogi and Niger States, Nigeria." Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management 45, no. 4 (November 1, 2019): 457–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5276/jswtm/2019.457.

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The growing dominance of urban environment with heavy metals through natural and anthropogenic depositions and the potentially adverse health implications following environmental contaminations have focused attention on the disposal of municipal and industrial wastes. This study employed analytical procedures to investigate the concentrations of chromium, iron, copper, zinc, manganese and aluminium at the municipal waste dump site of the study areas. Soil samples were randomly collected from different waste dumpsite across Nasarawa, Kogi, and Niger states and an undisturbed soil 100m away from the dumpsites was chosen as the control. From the result obtained, it was observed that the metals in all dumpsite types followed the order: Mn>Fe>Zn>Cu>Cr>Al. Mn had the highest mean concentration which was recorded in Bida, Borgu and Minna in Niger State while Al was the least detected in all the dumpsites with the lowest mean concentrations (5.7±0.96) recorded in Borgu. Mean concentration of all the metals at the dumpsites was higher than at the control which means there is an anthropogenic contribution from the environment. The concentrations of the heavy metals were generally lower than their respective guideline values for the protection of human and environmental health. However, with prolong practice of dumping refuse at these sites; concentrations of the heavy metals may increase above the recommended limits. Therefore, we recommend that further research be carried out on the heavy metals concentration of the waste materials to identify those that are potential sources of soil contamination to suggest appropriate treatment and disposal methods.

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Basnet, Deepa. "Identification of Landfill Site by Using Geospatial Technology and Multi Criteria Method- A Case Study of Kathmandu, Bhaktapur and Lalitpur District of Nepal." International Journal of Environment 4, no. 1 (February 22, 2015): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i1.12183.

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Landfill is a mode of municipal solid waste disposal. Thus, it is imperative to select relevant site for land filling in order to curtail environmental damage and harmful impacts on wellbeing of public. Through the decades, rummage around various places for landfill site has been going on concerning its distance from artery road, resident area and water surface in order to prevent serious health and environmental hazards. In case of Nepal, Sisdole landfill site at Okharpauwa VDC in Nuwakot is struggling to manage garbage produced by the Kathmandu valley. The valley alone mounds to 700 metric tons of garbage on a daily basis that would loosened carrying capacity of the place really soon. With the intention of uncovering suitable site for alternative to present disposal site, the Multi criteria method has been applied in GIS domain. Here, data layers of land use pattern, residential areas, urban areas, roads and water bodies of the Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur district were mainly considered. The buffer zones were created to those 5 layers assigning various decisive factors to determine area around them within a certain distance. Then, weightings were assigned to each criterion as per their relative importance and ratings. Furthermore, weights were integrated in GIS environment to generate suitable site. Lastly, comparative study of data layers suggested that next site for dumping refuse could be the Bhaktapur district.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i1.12183International Journal of Environment Volume-4, Issue-1, Dec-Feb 2014/15, page : 121-129

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Sun, Faqian, Songwei Wu, Jingjing Liu, Bo Li, Yingxu Chen, and Weixiang Wu. "Denitrification capacity of a landfilled refuse in response to the variations of COD/NO3--N in the injected leachate." Bioresource Technology 103, no. 1 (January 2012): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.10.032.

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Zhou, Yulin, Zhenya Zhang, Tomoko Nakamoto, Yuan Li, Yingnan Yang, Motoo Utsumi, and Norio Sugiura. "Influence of substrate-to-inoculum ratio on the batch anaerobic digestion of bean curd refuse-okara under mesophilic conditions." Biomass and Bioenergy 35, no. 7 (July 2011): 3251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.04.002.

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Grandbois, Maryse. "Le droit pénal de l’environnement : une garantie d'impunité ?" Criminologie 21, no. 1 (August 16, 2005): 57–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/017258ar.

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The limits of pollution authorized by law are constantly being exceeded in Quebec and throughout Canada, as evidenced by acid rain, the disposal of dangerous refuse in nature and the uncontrolled use of pesticides. The criminal law on the environment exists, to be sure, but its application is highly relative. In principle, certain infractions under the Criminal Code can be used against polluters but the State rarely makes use of them. As to the statutory criminal law -the main subject of this article - the author notes that it suffers from a lack of clarity and precision. Complex and unorganized, it is characterized by a multitude of infractions and a disparity of sanctions. However, the fact is that the public administration very seldom resorts to the provisions of this law to have industrial activities conform to the laws and regulations. When it does do so, very often the courts hesitate to impose sanctions of a truly deterrent nature. In spite of all this, the fact is that the main obstacle to the criminal law on the environment is the lack of firm determination on the part of the legislators and public administrations to use severe measures against polluters. As long as this political will is lacking, notes the author, certain major industrials will continue to contaminate the environment with impunity.

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MA, K., M. WAKISAKA, K. SAKAI, and Y. SHIRAI. "Flocculation characteristics of an isolated mutant flocculent Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain and its application for fuel ethanol production from kitchen refuse." Bioresource Technology 100, no. 7 (April 2009): 2289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.11.010.

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METELYTSYA, Volodymyr, and Natalia KOVAL. "PROBLEMATIC ASPECTS OF ACCOUNTING FOR NON-CURRENT AND CURRENT TANGIBLE ASSETS IN BUDGETARY INSTITUTIONS." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 3 (53) (September 25, 2020): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2020-3-15.

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This article examines the current state of accounting support for current and non-current tangible assets in budgetary institutions. The analysis of the receipt of non-current tangible assets allowed us to focus on the issue of stagnation of the value criterion when assigning the asset to fixed assets or other non-current tangible assets. The application of the value criterion is currently an imperfect method of grouping non-current tangible assets by classification groups, because the definition of an asset in some cases depends on the supplier's taxation system. The definition of this problem allowed to suggest ways to solve it, where the first proposal is to refuse to separate value added tax from the price of the asset, and the second is to determine the asset by groups based on its properties without reference to its value. Each of the proposed proposals has its advantages, but given the inflationary factors and the instability of economic processes, the grouping of non-current tangible assets should be done by analyzing the characteristics, properties of the asset without reference to its value. The second part of this article is devoted to the study of the method of disposal of stocks received as a result of intra-departmental movement within the authorized body. It is established that this type of stocks has its own specifics associated with its receipt in the field of management and use in the activities of budgetary institutions. Taking into account these factors, the article proposes to legislate the disposal of this type of stock only by using the method of identified cost of the relevant unit of stock. This will ensure the reliability of the financial and budgetary reporting not only in a particular budgetary institution, but also in general by the authorized body. The proposed improvements in the accounting of non-current and current tangible assets will improve the financial and budgetary reporting of budgetary institutions, bring budgetary accounting to international and European standards, as well as improve the quality of planning in budgetary institutions.

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Ikebude, CF. "FEASIBILITY STUDY ON SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN PORT HARCOURT METROPOLIS: CAUSES, EFFECT AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS." Nigerian Journal of Technology 36, no. 1 (December 29, 2016): 276–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i1.33.

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The accumulation of refuse on any place or environment creates fertile breeding ground for rodents, flies, which are disease vectors and also affect the aesthetics of the place, this in turns poses health hazard to the public. In this study, solid waste management in Port Harcourt Metropolis, it causes, effect and possible solutions ranging from waste generation, storage, segregation, collection, treatment and disposal has been investigated. Primary and secondary sources of investigation were used to obtain the required data for the study. Dump sites within the Port Harcourt Metropolis were also visited for proper evaluation and on the spot assessment. It was observed that the conventional waste management system is still being used instead of the integrated solid waste management system (1SWMS) and that about 75% of the storage facilities in the city are sub-standard and insanitary with no color coded containers for different kinds of waste. Results shows that the composition of waste generated included garbage (41%), paper and plastic (35%), scrap metal (15%), construction waste (4%), sludge (3%), expired chemical waste and drugs (2%) and collection of solid waste at open space transfer station account for about 70%. These shows poor solid waste management approach and the consequences ranges from aesthetic degradation to pollution of the environment hence the use of solid waste management professionals and sanitarians is recommended. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i1.33

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Wei, Huawei, Jie Wang, Muhammad Hassan, Lu Han, and Bing Xie. "Anaerobic ammonium oxidation-denitrification synergistic interaction of mature landfill leachate in aged refuse bioreactor: Variations and effects of microbial community structures." Bioresource Technology 243 (November 2017): 1149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.077.

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Tashiro, Yukihiro, Shota Inokuchi, Pramod Poudel, Yuki Okugawa, Hirokuni Miyamoto, Hisashi Miayamoto, and Kenji Sakai. "Novel pH control strategy for efficient production of optically active l -lactic acid from kitchen refuse using a mixed culture system." Bioresource Technology 216 (September 2016): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.031.

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Hurd, J., M. Hennink, K. Robb, C. Null, D. Peprah, N. Wellington, H. Yakubu, and C. L. Moe. "Behavioral influences on risk of exposure to fecal contamination in low-resource neighborhoods in Accra, Ghana." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 7, no. 2 (February 14, 2017): 300–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2017.128.

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Rapid urbanization in low-resource countries has led to a growing sanitation crisis, with widespread fecal contamination and risk of adverse health outcomes. Understanding how to change sanitation behaviors and reduce exposure to fecal contamination is central to Sustainable Development Goal 6. This study examines behavioral influences on fecal contamination in six low-resource neighborhoods of Accra, Ghana. Qualitative data comprised 12 key informant interviews with community leaders and 16 focus group discussions with residents. Results identify behaviors that increase the presence of feces in urban neighborhoods and risk of exposure to fecal contamination. Significant barriers to access and use of public and private latrines led to a range of defecation and excreta management practices. These methods of fecal disposal, together with poor sanitation services (i.e. refuse collection, public drainage, public latrines), environmental conditions (i.e. wind, rain), and employment activities (i.e. fishing, hawking), exacerbate the spread of feces and risk of exposure to fecal contamination. The transfer of fecal contamination between public and private domains creates repeated risk of exposure to fecal contamination for residents during daily activities. This pervasiveness of fecal contamination in the environment, suggests the need for multi-sectoral approaches to reduce fecal contamination that go beyond provision of public or private latrines.

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Blanco, Paula H., Chunfei Wu, Jude A. Onwudili, Valerie Dupont, and Paul T. Williams. "Catalytic Pyrolysis/Gasification of Refuse Derived Fuel for Hydrogen Production and Tar Reduction: Influence of Nickel to Citric Acid Ratio Using Ni/SiO2 Catalysts." Waste and Biomass Valorization 5, no. 4 (June 21, 2013): 625–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-013-9254-7.

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