Relevant bibliographies by topics / Environmental aspects of Biotechnology

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Environmental aspects of Biotechnology'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Environmental aspects of Biotechnology"

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Stewart, Richard B., and Maria A. Martinez. "INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY: IMPLICATIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL LAW AND POLICY." Journal of Environmental Law 1, no. 2 (1989): 157–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jel/1.2.157.

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Mekalanos, John J. "Live bacterial vaccines: environmental aspects." Current Opinion in Biotechnology 5, no. 3 (June 1994): 312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0958-1669(94)90035-3.

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Shuttleworth, Kay L., and E. Cerniglia. "Environmental aspects of PAH biodegradation." Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 54, no. 1-3 (July 1995): 291–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02787927.

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Kawahara, Akira. "Regulatory Aspects of Biotechnology in Japan." Drug Information Journal 24, no. 1 (January 1990): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009286159002400126.

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Gartland, Kevan M. A., and Jill S. Gartland. "Contributions of biotechnology to meeting future food and environmental security needs." EuroBiotech Journal 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 2–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ebtj-2018-0002.

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Abstract Biotechnology, including genetic modifications, can play a vital role in helping to meet future food and environmental security needs for our growing population. The nature and use of biotechnology crops are described and related to aspects of food security. Biotechnological applications for food and animal feed are described, together with trends on global adoption of these crops. The benefits of biotechnology crops through increased yield, reduced pesticide use and decreased environmental damage are discussed. Examples of biotechnology crops which do not involve genetic modification are also described. Applications of biotechnology to drought and salt tolerance, and biofortification in which micronutrient content is enhanced are discussed. Emergent technologies such as RNA spraying technology, use of genome editing in agriculture and future targets for improved food and environmental security are considered.
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Abadi, Saeed Daryaee Bajhdad, Mohammad Hossain Ramazani Ghavam Abadi, Seyed Ghasem Zamani, and Mehrzad Kiani. "Legal, Commercial, Medical, Ethical and Environmental Aspects of Granting Patents for Biotechnological Innovations." Journal of Politics and Law 10, no. 1 (December 29, 2016): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v10n1p62.

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Biotechnology has many applications in environment (clean up or prevent its degradation), agriculture (increased efficiency and productivity), medical (new methods of treatment or new drugs) and various industries, including Oil industry (elimination of oil pollution), textile products (increasing the quality of textiles) and food industry (raising the quantity and quality of food). But there are also concerns relating to some unknown aspects, effects and consequence of biotechnology in a way that the long-term effects are not so clear on human health or on the environment in the agriculture and in the food industry on the health of consumers. For example, gene therapy and genetic drugs, can cause some genetic complications or biotechnological product may cause growth of useless or harmful like weeds resistant to pesticides and even pollute the environment by disrupting the function in agriculture. Of course to address this concern, there are some principles such as biological safety and the necessity assess the risks arising from the use of this product, and prudent use of these innovations on the domestic and international level. Ethical considerations and objections have been raised by the moralists in terms of loss of intrinsic value of life due to manipulate by biotechnology or threaten the dignity of living creatures with dominance and monopoly over them. These considerations will be strongly when we are confronted with the fact that the granting of monopoly to biotechnology can lead to the misuse of this knowledge against humans and other organisms. Of course, there are ways to prevent or address these abuses, including the abolition of the patent or parallel import of product or granting licenses to others. In addition, human rights lovers also believe that the granting of monopoly and patent to the achievements of this science is In some cases contrary to human rights So have objected to it. Like threaten the right to health and healthy food (in terms of risk to human health resulting from biotechnology. Threaten the right to work (due to market monopolization by big companies and unemployment and the gradual elimination of small farmers) and threaten the right to a healthy environment (due to possible adverse effects on the environment and biodiversity). Of course, these concerns can be reduced by international regulations such as the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety. Another challenge is on how to prove damages resulting from biotech crops to the environment, people and their property and also proving the causal relationship between the biotech and damage is difficult because their harmful and unknown effects usually becomes apparent in long-term and this makes it hard to prove a causality relationship. Also in such damages, the best way of compensation (i.e. restore the former state) is difficult or impossible. Because the reproducibility of biotechnology can reduce the ability to control on extent of damage and the harmful effects. However, concerns have been reduced slightly by stipulating strict liability for the damage in international regulations.
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Hoffmann, Józef, Krystyna Hoffmann, Magdalena Borowiec, and Marta Huculak. "Environmental aspects of feed phosphates production." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10026-009-0005-2.

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Environmental aspects of feed phosphates production The risks resulting from the selected feed phosphates application in animal nutrition were analyzed. The results of the analyses of the fodder phosphates obtained in laboratory conditions were presented, including the toxic and disadvantageous substances with regard to their impact upon the environment.
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Vijatov, Tatjana, Gordana Dražić, and Filip Jovanović. "Environmental aspects of biological wastewater treatment by different methods and microorganisms." Sustainable Forestry: Collection, no. 81-82 (2020): 133–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sustfor2081133v.

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The biological treatment of wastewaters (municipal and industrial) is an important topic in the field of biochemistry and biotechnology, as well as in the field of environmental engineering. It has many advantages, such as the simple operation of the basic bioreactor, the potential for the production of valuable bioproducts and efficient wastewater treatment in a short time. However, the biological wastewater treatment also has certain downsides, such as air pollution in places which are near bio-lagoons, and endangering the health of personnel involved in this process. By studying and analyzing data from the reference literature, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of information on microorganisms involved in the wastewater treatment process, the factors with a negative effect on their development, as well as the negative effects of these microorganisms and the biological wastewater treatment process on the environment.
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Kamble, Sheetal Jaisingh, Yogita Chakravarthy, Anju Singh, Caroline Chubilleau, Markus Starkl, and Itee Bawa. "A soil biotechnology system for wastewater treatment: technical, hygiene, environmental LCA and economic aspects." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 24, no. 15 (April 6, 2017): 13315–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-8819-6.

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Jayakumar, R., and S. Meenakshi. "Special Issue: 11th APCCS-2016-Chemistry, Environmental, Biotechnology and Biomedical Aspects of Chitin and Chitosan." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 104 (November 2017): 1371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.159.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Environmental aspects of Biotechnology"

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Yeh, Daniel H. "Influence of nonionic surfactants on the bioavailability and microbial reductive dechlorination of hexachlorobenzene." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20200.

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Mutambanengwe, Cecil Clifford Zvandada. "The biotechnology of hard coal utilization as a bioprocess substrate." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003993.

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The development of coal biotechnology, using hard coal as a substrate, has been impeded by its low reactivity in biological processes. As a result, the more successful application studies have focused on lignitic soft coals. However, new studies have reported using biologically or geologically oxidized hard coal as a functional substrate option for bioprocess applications on a large scale. This study undertook a preliminary investigation into the feasibility of environmental applications of coal biotechnology using oxidized hard coal substrates in both anaerobic and aerobic processes with carbon dioxide, sulfate and oxygen as terminal electron acceptors. A preliminary characterization of the oxidized hard coal substrates was undertaken to determine and predict their viability and behavior as electron donors and carbon sources for environmental bioprocess applications of direct interest to the coal mining industry. Both biologically and geologically oxidized coal substrates showed loss of up to 17% and 52% carbon respectively and incorporation of oxygen ranging from 0.9 – 24%. The latter substrate showed greater loss of carbon and increased oxygenation. The biologically and geologically oxidized hard coal substrates were shown to partition readily into 23% and 32% organic humic acid, a 0.1% fulvic acid fraction and 65% and 59% inorganic and humin fractions respectively. These organic components were shown to be potentially available for biological consumption. In the unmodified hard coal substrate, partitioning was not observed and it did not perform as a functional substrate for any of the bioprocesses investigated. Where carbon dioxide was used as a terminal electron acceptor, methane production ranging from 9 – 26 mg CH4.g substrate-1 was demonstrated from both oxidized coal substrates. Geologically oxidized coal produced 30% more methane than biologically oxidized coal. Methane yields from the geologically oxidized coal in the presence and absence of a co-substrate were 5 – 13-fold higher than previous studies that used hard coal for methanogenesis. Based on these results, and that the development and optimization of the biological oxidation process is currently ongoing, further applications investigated in this study were undertaken using geologically oxidized coal. It was shown using pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry that the methanogenic system was dependent on the presence of an effective co-substrate supporting the breakdown of the complex organic structures within the oxidized hard coal substrate. Also that the accumulation of aromatic intermediate breakdown compounds predominantly including toluene, furfural, styrene and 2-methoxy vinyl phenol appeared to become inhibitory to both methanogenic and sulfidogenic reactions. This was shown to be a more likely cause of reactor failure rather than substrate exhaustion over time. Evidence of a reductive degradation pathway of the complex organic structures within the oxidized hard coal substrates was shown through the production, accumulation and utilization of volatile fatty acids including acetic, formic, propionic, butyric and valeric acids. Comparative analysis of the volatile fatty acids produced in this system showed that geologically oxidized coal produced 20% more of the volatile fatty acids profiled and double the total concentration compared to the biologically oxidized coal. The use of geologically oxidized hard coal as a functional substrate for biological sulfate reduction was demonstrated in the neutralization of a simulated acid mine drainage wastewater in both batch and continuous process operations. Results showed an increase in pH from pH 4.0 to ~ pH 8.0 with sulfide production rates of ~ 86 mgL-1.day-1 in the batch reactions, while the pH increased to pH 9.0 and sulfide production rates of up to 450 mgL-1.day-1 were measured in the continuous process studies using sand and coal up-flow packed bed reactors. Again, the requirement for an effective co-substrate was demonstrated with lactate shown to function as a true co-substrate in this system. However, a low cost alternative to lactate would need to emerge if the process was to function in large-scale commercial environmental treatment applications. In this regard, the aerobic growth and production of Neosartorya fischeri biomass (0.64 g.biomass.g SOC-1) was demonstrated using oxidized hard coal and glutamate as a co-substrate. Both can be produced from wastes generated on coal mines, with the fungal biomass generated in potentially large volumes. Preliminary demonstration of the use of the fungal biomass as a carbon and electron donor source for biological sulfate reduction was shown and thus that this could serve as an effective substrate for anaerobic environmental treatment processes. Based on these findings, an Integrated Coal Bioprocess model was proposed using oxidized hard coal as a substrate for environmental remediation applications on coal mines. In this approach, potential applications included methane recovery from waste coal, use of waste coal in the treatment of acid mine drainage waste waters and the recovery and use of humic acids in the rehabilitation of open cast mining soils. This study provided a first report demonstrating the use of biologically and geologically oxidized hard coals as bioprocess substrates in environmental bioremediation applications. It also provided an indication that follow-up bioengineering studies to investigate scaled-up applications of these findings would be warranted.
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Van, Zyl Annette. "The effect of a creosote stockyard on the environment, vines and wines." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80273.

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Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The quality of wine is largely dependent on environmental conditions and recent studies have therefore focused on agricultural practices in terms of water, soil and biodiversity conservation. The industry aims to create sustainable practice and to protect the natural resources available. Sources of potential grape contamination include: vehicle pollution, pesticides, bushfires and wood preservatives used for trellising systems. The latter have come to the attention of the South African wine industry (e.g. creosote and Copper Chromium Arsenate (CCA) products) as they may have consequences for the environment and wine quality. Creosote is a known pollutant of soil and ground water and the volatile fraction has been monitored in air. Plants may also accumulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which constitute up to 85% of the mass of creosote, and of which some have been proven carcinogenic. Because of the health risks associated with it, creosote has therefore been restricted for use in most applications in Europe, and also in the United States, Canada and Australia. This study focussed on the sensorial and chemical analyses of environmental and wine samples taken from the area around the creosote stockyard to determine accumulation of creosote-derived compounds. Environmental samples were collected and analysed at different distances from the affected area, over two vintages. Wines were made from grapes grown in vineyard blocks adjacent to the stockyard, to determine the effect of distance and skin contact during alcoholic fermentation treatments on wine taint. A sensory panel was trained for descriptive analysis to determine the intensity of the taint. Analytical methods were developed for the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). The sensory results obtained showed white and rosé wines were perceived as clean, whilst the red wines were associated with burnt rubber/tar taint. The perceived taint decreased as distance from the stockyard increased. Wines made from the Cabernet Sauvignon blocks adjacent to the stockyard also showed an increase of taint with the increase of skin contact. Chemical data obtained showed that the taint consisted of a complex mixture of compounds, each with its own pattern of retention within the vineyard and wine. Only m-cresol was found above odour threshold, and only in red wines. The synergistic effect of some compounds may lead to an increase in the perceived taint. Berries and leaves had higher concentrations of volatile compounds than wines. Leaf contamination varied and followed the general trend in literature where the plants with high lipid content and exposed leaf area were the most contaminated. There may be other compounds present in creosote emissions, aside from those investigated here, with sensory attributes related to the taint found in wines. These compounds are styrene, indene, benzene, toluene, isoquinoline and quinoline and should be included in further investigations. From the PAH analysis of environmental samples and wines, it is evident that the samples closest to the stockyard were affected the most. The contamination varied with the depth of the soil: some of the heavier compounds were found in the samples taken from the deeper levels, whilst nearly all other target compounds were present in the top layer of soil. The concentrations found in the environmental samples were lower than reported in literature. Wines had few PAHs present, but at much higher concentrations than is allowed by EU legislation. From this study it is evident that the stockyard had negative effects on the surrounding environment in terms of sensory and chemical contamination. Recommendations include area rehabilitation by means of bioremediation to protect resources and ensure sustainable and safe production of crops. Industrial emissions should also be regulated and restricted in agricultural areas. Furthermore the use of creosote should be revised, and prohibited for agricultural use.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die kwaliteit van wyn is grootliks afhanklik van die omgewingstoestande. Daarom fokus verskeie onlangse studies op landbou aktiwiteite en die invloed daarvan op die omgewing in terme van water, grond en biodiversiteit bewaring. The wyn industrie se doelwitte sluit volhoubare praktyke in, wat die natuurlike hulpbronne bewaar en beskerm. Druiwe kan deur middel van die volgende bronne besoedel word: brandstof uitlaatgasse, insekdoders, veldbrande, gifstowwe wat gebruik word vir houtperservering wat dan verder aangewend word vir opleistelsels. Houtperservering (Koper chroom arsenaat (CCA) en kreosoot) het veral in die laaste paar jaar onder aandag gekom in die wynbedryf van Suid-Afrika as gevolg van die invloed daarvan op die omgewing en die uiteindelike wynkwaliteit. Kreosoot is ‘n gekende gifstof wat verantwoordelik is vir grond en grondwater besoedeling en wat gemonitor word in die atmosfeer. Plante akkummuleer ook poli-sikliese aromatiese hidro-koolstowwe (PAHs), wat to 85% uitmaak van die massa van kreosoot. PAHs is karsinogenies en dus is daar baie navorsing op die molekules reeds gedoen. Die gesondheidsrisikos gepaardgaande met kreosoot het gelei tot die streng geregulasies tans ingestel in Europa, die Verenigde State, Kanada en Australië. Hierdie studie het gefokus op die sensoriese en chemiese analises van omgewings- en wyn-monsters geneem van die omliggende area van die kreosoot palewerf om die akkumulasie van kreosoot-afgeleide-verbindings. Omgewingsmonsters was versamel en geanaliseer om verskillende afstande vanaf die bron van besoedeling (palewerf) te ondersoek oor ‘n twee jaar periode. Wyne is gemaak van die druiwe wat afkomstig is van die blok aangeplant langs die palewerf. Die wyne is ondersoek in terme van afstand vanaf die kreosoot bron asook oenologiese invloede, dopkontak gedurende alkoholiese fermentasie, op die kontaminasie beskryf in wyn. Die wyne is ook oor ‘n twee jaar periode voorberei en sluit die 2011 en 2012 seisoen in. ‘n Sensoriese paneel is opgelei om die beskrywende analises op die wyn uit te voer met die doel om die intensiteit van kontaminasie te identifiseer. Analitiese metodes is ook ontwikkel vir die analise van vlugtige organiese verbindings(VOCs) met gas chromatografie-massa spektrometrie (GCMS) en poli-sikliese aromaties hidro-koolstowwe (PAHs) met hoë druk vloeistof chromatografie. Die sensoriese resultate bekom het wit en rosé wyne as skoon laat blyk, terwyl rooi wyne meer geassosieer was met die gebrande rubber/ teer afgeur beskrywing. Die waargeneemde afgeur het afgeneem soos wat die afstand vanaf die palewerf toegeneem het. Wyne gemaak van die Cabernet Sauvignon blokke langsaan die palewerf het ook ‘n toename in die afgeur gehad met ‘n toename in dopkontak. Chemiese data bekom beeld uit dat die afgeur uit ‘n komplekse mengsel van verbindings bestaan, elk met sy eie patroon van verspreiding en verbinding in die wingerd as ook in die wyn. Net m-kresol was gevind bo die reuk drumpel, dit het ook net in rooi wyne voorgekom. Die sinergistiese effek van die verbindings mag egter bydra tot die waargeneemde afgeur. Druiwekorrels en blare het hoër konsentrasies van die vlugtige verbindings gehad as wat gemeet is in die wyne. Blaar kontaminasie het ook baie gewissel en het ooreengestem met die algemene tendens wat in literatuur beskryf is, naamlik dat plante met ‘n hoër lipid inhoud en grootter blaar oppervlak die meeste gekontamineer word. Daar mag egter nog baie ander verbindings bydra tot die waargeneemde afgeur gevind in die wyn. Spesifieke verbindings wat wel ‘n rol kan speel in kontaminasie en wat voorkom in die vlugtige gedeelte van kreosoot is styreen, indeen, benzeen, tolueen, isoquinoleen die vlugtige verbindings van kreosoot. Die verbindings moet ingesluit word vir verdere studies wat gedoen word op die kreosoot geassosieerde afgeur. Die PAHs analise op die omgewingsmonsters en wyne het gelei tot die bevestiging dat die naasliggende omgewing die meeste geaffekteer is. Die kontaminasie wissel in terme van die diepte in die grond wat die gifstowwe voorkom: die swaarder molekulêre verbindings is tot in die dieper vlakke waargeneem terwyl al die gemete verbindings in die boonste lae teenwoordig was. Die vlakke wat waargeneem is in dié studie is egter laer as wat voorheen in literatuur gevind is in ‘n kreosoot geaffekteerde omgewing. Wyn het PAHs teenwoordig gehad, alhoewel slegs twee verbindings gemeet is, het dit in hoër vlakke voorgekom as wat sekere Europese regulasies as toelaatbaar spesifiseer. Vanaf die studie resultate blyk dit, dat die palewerf se negatiewe invloed op die omliggende omgewing beide meetbaar was in sensories en chemiese kontaminasie. Voorstelle sluit onder andere die rehabilitasie van die omliggende omgewing deur middel van bioremediasie in. Om sodoende die natuurlike hulpbronne in die area te bewaar asook om volhoubare en veilige verbouing van gewasse te verseker. Industriële besoedeling en afval moet ook gereguleer word en beperk word in landbou areas. Verder moet die gebruik van kreosoot heroorweeg word en strenger regulasies moet in plek gestel word om aan internastionale standaarde te voldoen.
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Lee, Huk-bun, and 李學斌. "Environmental economics: a framework for assessing the economic impacts of adopting biotechnologies in HongKong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45013500.

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Kirkham, Georgina Katharine. "Creating art or vexing nature? : ethics and the manipulation of nature, a critical study of arguments from Nature." University of Western Australia. Philosophy Discipline Group, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0163.

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This dissertation comprises a series of five separate papers, arranged as chapters, linked thematically and also in their conclusions. The thematic connection between the chapters is that, in each, I investigate some aspect, either historical or contemporary, of how moral limits have been, or might be, applied to the human manipulation of nature through technology. More specifically, I explore how the concept of naturalness has been, and still is, employed in ethical arguments that seek to place limits upon or defend the use of various technologies. In each chapter, I argue that arguments which appeal to nature or naturalness as a normative concept make proper sense only when understood from the perspective of virtue ethics. The conclusions of each chapter are connected, and connected to the conclusions of the dissertation as a whole: firstly, that what I call 'arguments from nature', as they are used in debates about the moral limitations on the use of technology, are defensible only from within a virtue ethics framework; secondly, that such arguments have an important, although limited, role in such debates; and, finally, that virtue ethics more broadly can inform debates about the ethics of technology and the environment. In the first two chapters, by comparing contemporary debates over the ethics of technological manipulation of nature with historical debates over the proper relationship between art and nature, I demonstrate that virtue ethics have played, and still do play, a significant role in our ethical understanding of our relationship with the non-human world. I argue that the ethical issues that arise from our relationship with the non-human world, in response to advances in technology and to problems with the environment, indicate the need for an understanding of ethics that goes further than the mere consideration of rights and utility. In chapters three and four, I argue that virtue ethical theory provides the most promising understanding of the argument from nature as it is applied in attempts to place limits on the human manipulation of nature. In the final chapter, I explore what a modern environmental or technological virtue or vice might be. I explain and defend the environmental and technological virtue of 'living in place' and, in doing so, bring together and validate the claims made in previous chapters that the appeal to human nature does have a role as a normative guide for our ethical evaluations of how we should live and, more generally, that virtue ethical theory can be of guiding and foundational significance in an overarching ethics of the environment and technology.
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Muller, Christo A. "Monitoring the spreading of commercial wine yeasts in the vineyard." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53505.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.
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ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Traditionally, wine has been produced by the spontaneous fermentation of grape juice by yeast that originate from the grapes and winery equipment. Research has shown that the population composition and dynamics of these yeasts and other microorganisms are very complex. Kloeckera and its anamorph, Hanseniaspora, dominate the yeast population found on the surfaces of grapes, although prevailing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains complete the fermentation process. The yeast S. cerevisiae is an important factor contributing to the quality of wines and, therefore, the improvement of wine yeasts receives considerable attention worldwide. Apart from classical yeast breeding studies, genetic engineering and recombinant DNA techniques are increasingly being used in strain development research programmes. These techniques might enable the wine yeasts to produce heterologous enzymes that degrade polysaccharides, convert malic acid to lactic acid, increase glycerol production, release roam and flavour compounds, secrete antimicrobial peptides, etc. The release of recombinant yeast strains (genetically modified organisms, GMOs) is subject to statutory approval. Therefore, it is important to answer several questions prior to the use of such genetically improved yeast in the commercial production of wine. For example, will recombinant yeast strains be able to multiply and spread in nature, and will this GMO be able to out-compete the natural microflora because of its newly acquired genetic traits. Since existing commercial wine yeasts are used in the abovementioned strain development research, it is essential to determine already at this early stage to what extent these wine yeast strains survive and spread in nature and to what extent they influence the fermentations of the following vintages. This study is divided into two sections. The aim of the first section is to sample a representative number of yeast strains from various vineyards in different climatological areas, mainly in the Western Cape, South Africa. These yeast strains were identified mainly by electrophoretic karyotyping (contour-clamped homogenous electric field electrophoresis; CHEF). The second part of the study summarises the results obtained when Fourier transform infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy was used to differentiate commercial wine yeast strains. Sets of data, containing the spectra of the mostly used commercial wine yeast strains, were constructed and used as a reference library. The spectra of the isolated yeast strains were then compared to the reference dataset with specific FT-NIR computer software using mathematical calculations. In conclusion, the two methods used in conjunction with one another proved that the commercial wine yeast strains do not easily disperse from the cellar into the vineyard. The commercial wine yeast strains are also more likely to be found near the cellar and the places where the grape skins are dumped. Therefore, should a recombinant yeast strain be used in winemaking, it would not be dispersed into the vineyard. It therefore appears that the commercial use of genetically improved yeast does not pose a high risk in terms of dominance of the indigenous microbial population in the environment
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Wyn is tradisioneel gemaak deur die natuurlike gisting van druiwesap deur giste wat op die druiwe en keldertoerusting voorkom. Navorsing het getoon dat die samestelling en dinamika van die gispopulasie en ander mikro-organismes baie kompleks is. Kloeckera en sy anamorf, Hanseniaspora, domineer die inheemse gispopulasie op druiwedoppe, terwyl Saccharomyces cerevisiae in baie klein getalle op die druiwedoppe voorkom, maar later die fermentasie oorheers en uiteindelik voltooi. Die gis S. cerevisiae speel 'n baie belangrike rol in die kwaliteit van wyn en daarom geniet die verbetering van wyngiste wêreldwyd besondere aandag. Benewens die klassieke gistelingstudies, word genetiese manipuleringstegnieke toenemnd in navorsingsprojekte gebruik wat daarop gefokus is om wyngisrasse te verbeter. Hierdie tegnieke mag die giste in staat stelom heteroloë ensieme te produseer wat polisakkariedes afbreek, appelmelksuur afbreek, gliserolproduksie verhoog, smaak- en geurkomponente vrystel, antimikrobiese peptiede afskei, ens. Voordat sulke geneties gemanipuleerde giste het egter in kommersiële wynproduksie gebruik sal kan word, is daar heelwat wetlike vereistes waaraan voldoen sal moet word en vrae wat vooraf beantwoord sal moet word. Byvoorbeeld, sal die rekombinante giste in staat wees om vinniger te vermeerder as gevolg van die nuwe genetiese eienskappe en sodoende die natuurlike populasies onderdruk? Omdat kommersiële wyngiste in bogenoemde gisverbeteringprogramme gebruik word, is dit noodsaaklik om nou reeds die verspreiding van die kommersiële giste te monitor en te bepaal hoe geredelik hulle in die natuur kan versprei en oorleef, en hoe hulle wynfermentasies van die daaropvolgende jare beïnvloed. Die studie is in twee gedeeltes verdeel. Die doel van die eerste gedeelte was om 'n verteenwoordigende aantal gisrasse uit die wingerde van 'n aantal wynplase in verskillende klimaatstreke te isoleer, spesifiek in die Wes-Kaap, Suid-Afrika. Die gisrasse was grotendeels deur elektroforetiese kariotipering (kontoer-geklampte homogene elektriese veld; CHEF) geïdentifiseer. Die tweede deel van die navorsing was gefokus op die onderskeiding tussen die mees gebruikte kommersiële wyngiste met 'Fourier-Transform Near Infrared' (FTNIR) spektroskopie. Eerstens is 'n stel data, bestaande uit die spektrum data oor die kommersiële wyngiste opgestel om as 'n verwysingsbiblioteek te dien. Tweedens is die spektrum van data oor die geïsoleerde giste onder presies dieselfde toestande met die verwysingsbiblioteek vergelyk. Dié tegniek maak dit moontlik om tussen die kommersiële wyngiste te onderskei. As die twee metodes saam gebruik word vir identifikasie, kan die afleiding gemaak word dat kommersiële wyngiste nie maklik vanaf die kelder na die wingerd versprei nie. Die kommersiële wyngiste is ook meestal naby die kelder en die dopstortingsterreine gevind. Sou 'n rekombinante gisras dus gebruik word om wyn te maak, sal dit nie maklik versprei nie. Die kommersiële gebruik van geneties gemanipuleerde wyngiste behoort dus nie In groot omgewingsrisiko in te hou nie.
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7

Mukasa-Mugerwa, Thomas Tendo. "The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the biotransformation of coal and application in dump rehabilitation." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004059.

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Fundamental processes underpinning the biotransformation of coal by fungal biocatalysts have been intensively investigated, however, limited large-scale industrial applications using such systems have been reported. The un-anticipated sporadic growth of Cynodon dactylon on the surface of un-rehabilitated discard coal dumps has been noted and this was found to be coupled with the breakdown of coal into a humic soil-like material in the top 1.5 metres of the dumps. Extensive fungal growth was observed to be associated with the Cynodon dactylon root system and examination of plant roots indicated the presence of mycorrhizal fungi. Analysis of the Cynodon dactylon plant roots around which coal biotransformation was occurring confirmed the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonisation with the species Glomus clarum, Paraglomus occultum, Gigaspora gigantea and Glomus mosseae identified to be associated with the plants. Further molecular characterisation of non-mycorrhizal rhizospheric fungi showed the presence of fungal species with coal-degrading capabilities that most likely played a role in the coal biotransformation observed. The discard coal dump environment was simulated in pot and column studies and coal biotransformation was reproduced, with this process enhanced by the addition of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal rhizospheric fungal inocula to the environment. Mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species in the inoculum were re-isolated from the simulated environment fulfilling a number of Koch’s postulates and indicating a causal role in the biotransformation of coal. An inversion of conventional mycorrhizal colonisation was demonstrated in this system with reduction in extraradicular presence and an increase in intracellular colonisation compared to soil controls. A descriptive model was formulated suggesting a two-part fungal system involving organic carbon and nutrient exchange between the plant, mycorrhizal fungi and non-mycorrhizal coal-degrading rhizospheric fungi ultimately resulting in the biotransformation of coal. The biotransformation observed was comparable to reports of “rock-eating fungi”. Results suggest that the biological degradation of coal in situ with the production of a soil-like substrate could provide a feasible method of discard coal dump rehabilitation as well as provide a humic-rich substrate that can be utilised in further industrial applications.
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8

Zhao, Ming. "Removal and recovery of heavy metals from synthetic solutions and electroplating effluents using yeast and the water fern Azolla filiculoides." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004061.

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The aims of the project were twofold. The initial objective of the study, based on previous results, was to develop an economically viable methodology for immobilizing yeast cells for the treatment of heavy metal-laden waste water. The non-viable yeast cross-linked by 13% (w/v) formaldehyde/1N HNO₃ exhibited satisfactory mechanical strength and rigidity in a continuous-flow column operation. No apparent disruption of the biomass after repeated use was observed. The cost of immobilizing 1kg dry yeast pellets was estimated at less than US$I. Zn uptake capacity of FA-cross-linked pellets, on batch trials, remained similar to that of raw yeast, reflecting that the immobilizing procedure did not hinder its metal removing capacity. In column studies, cation metals were effectively removed by the yeast pellets from aqueous solution at natural pHs, and then recovered completely by washing the pellets in situ with O.1M HCl. The recovered metals were concentrated in such small volumes that recycling or precipitation of them was facilitated. The metal uptake capacity of the regenerated biomass remained constant in comparison with cycle 1, indicating that reuse of the yeast would be possible. In the case of Cr⁶⁺, a gradual breakthrough curve of Cr in the column profile was noted, with a simultaneous reduction of Cr⁶⁺ to Cr³⁺. However, Cr⁶⁺ in the effluent can be markedly minimised either by accumulation onto the biomass or reduction to its trivalent form. Desorption of bound Cr⁶⁺ with either alkali or salt could not accomplish the regeneration of the biomass. A combination of reduction and desorption with FA/HNO₃ appeared promising in regeneration of the saturated biomass at 4°C. The metal sorption capacities of the yeast pellets, on a batch or a fixed-bed system are relatively lower than that of documented sorbents. Apparently more of the yeast pellets would be required for treating a certain volume of waste effluent, than with other sorbents. Therefore Azolla filiculoides was examined as a suitable sorbent for this purpose. This constitutes the second part of the project. Azolla filiculoides, a naturally-abundant water fern, was screened for its metal sorption and recovering capacities, mechanical stability, flow-permeability and reusability. The azolla biomass appeared to have fulfilled the required mechanical criteria during the repeated sorption-desorption column operations. It is water-insoluble and appears flexible under pressure when rinsed with water. These characters are of crucial importance in a continuous-flow system since a column can be operated at high flow rates without apparent compact of the biomass and pressure loss. Therefore, immobilization of the biomass can be avoided. The sorption isotherm data, obtained from batch removal of Cr⁶⁺, showed that the sorption process was effective, endothermic and highly pH dependent. Considerable amounts of Cr⁶⁺ were accumulated at the optimum pHs of 2-2.5. Column sorption of Cr⁶⁺ at a low flow rate and pH of 2.5 showed optimum performance with a total Cr uptake of 50.4mg/g at 60% saturation of the biomass. Removal of Cr⁶⁺ from an electroplating effluent using an azolla column was deemed reasonably satisfactory, although the uptake declined slightly. Desorption of bound Cr⁶⁺ with various desorbents was incomplete, which resulted in a low regeneration efficiency of about 50%. However, removal and recovery of Cr³⁺ using the azolla column was than that of Cr⁶⁺. Desorption of Cr³⁺ from the spent biomass column was accomplished with the recovery of 80% using O.5N H₂SO₄, The regeneration efficiencies for Cr³⁺ removal were up to 90% and demonstrated that the biomass is reusable. Cation metal uptake capacities of azolla, obtained either from batch or column experiments, are reasonably high in comparison with other sorbents. The uptake of Ni or Zn ions from solution is pH dependent showing the optimum pH of around 6 to 6.5, under the current experimental conditions. The sorption kinetics for cation metals was rapid with about 80% of the bound Ni ions being taken up in the first 10 min. The character of rapid binding is extremely important in a column sorption process, especially on a large scale since it favours an optimum uptake of metals at high flow rates. The Ni or Zn uptakes in column sorption were not markedly affected when the flow rates were increased from 80mllh up to 800ml/h for the 5g biomass used. The cation heavy metals removed from waste effluents were recovered in a concentrated solution of small volume. The desorption of bound Ni and Zn ions from the saturated biomass was accomplished with either O.2N HCl or H₂SO₄ that resulted in recoveries of more than 95%. The metals recovered, in the case of Ni and Zn, are identical to that of plating agents ego nickel sulphate or chloride, so that recycling of the metals is possible. An effluent-free, closed loop of Ni or Zn treatment system was proposed, whereby the Ni or Zn ions can be recycled to the plating bath whilst the purified water is fed back to the rinse tanks. Ca and Mg ions, commonly present in the electroplating effluents, appeared to affect sorption of heavy metals by azolla when metal concentrations were relatively low, presumedly through its competitive binding for the shared sites on surfaces of azolla. The data obtained from column sorption of Ni and Zn follows the BDST model well, enabling the application of the model to predicting design parameters for scale-up of the biosorption column system. It is interesting that the values of metal uptake, expressed in molar quantities, obtained on respective single-metal solutions and the multiple metal system, are similar, implying that the mechanisms involved in the sorption of all metal cations are similar and that the binding sites on surfaces of azolla are probably shared by all cation metals. The surface of the biomass provides sites for metal binding estimated in the range of 0.45-0.57mmol/g, based on the current experiments. The biomass has a surface area of 429 m²/g and water retention of 14.3 ml/g. The functional groups on the surface of azolla were partially identified using chemical modification and metal binding comparison. Among the functional groups examined, carboxyl groups, provided by amino acids and polysaccharides, appeared to play an important role in metal cation binding. The infrared spectra of the samples support this conclusion.
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9

Carey, Victoria Anne. "The use of viticultural terroir units for demarcation of geographical indications for wine production in Stellenbosch and surrounds." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50533.

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Dissertation (PhD(Agric)) -- Stellenbosch University, 2005.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Due to increased consumer demand for products labelled by origin, and the requirement that these labels are a guarantee of both quality and product character, there is an increasing global focus on delimitation of denominations of origin. The integrity of denominations of origin and their defensibility can be ensured through the use of terroirs as a basis for delimitation. The aims of this study were to establish the dominant environmental criteria that affect the viticultural behaviour and wine character of two important cultivars (Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon blanc) in the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District, to use an appropriate methodology to identify viticultural terroirs in this district based on these criteria and with the use of a geographic information system, and finally to use these viticultural terroirs to identify denominations of origin within the same area. A terroir can be defined as a grouping of homogenous environmental units, or natural terroir units, based on the typicality of the products obtained. Identification and characterisation of terroirs depends on knowledge of environmental parameters, the functioning of the grapevine and the characteristics of the final product. Field studies, resulting in point data, are necessary to investigate the functioning of the grapevine but in order for this information to be of use within zoning studies it must be placed in a spatial context. As a first phase in data acquisition, the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District was characterised and natural terroir units were identified using existing digital data and a geographic information system. A natural terroir unit (NTU) can be defined as a unit of land that is characterised by relatively homogenous topography, climate, geological substrate and soil. A total of 1389 NTUs were identified in the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District (84 537 ha). The identified NTUs were homogenous with respect to terrain morphological unit, altitude, aspect and soil type. Each of the identified units was further described with respect to the extent of the expected sea breeze effect and, for certain of the soil types, the associated parent material. As a second phase of data acquisition, a network of plots of Sauvignon blanc and Cabernet Sauvignon were delimited in commercial vineyards in proximity to weather stations and their viticultural and oenological response monitored for a period of seven years. Regression tree analyses were performed on the complete data set and the relative importance of the environmental and management related variables determined for each dependent variable. Excepting for scion clone, which had a high relative importance for bunch mass of Sauvignon blanc and yield to pruning mass index of Cabernet Sauvignon, no other non-environmental variable included in the analyses appeared to have a strong effect on grapevine performance and wine character. The performance of Cabernet Sauvignon was affected by the potassium content of the subsoil and the climate of the season. The performance of Sauvignon blanc appeared to be related to soil texture, wind exposure and temperature, both during the green berry growth stage and the month prior to ripening. From the results presented, it appears that environmental parameters have an overriding effect on the performance of both Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon blanc, but that these two cultivars react differently to environmental stimuli. A knowledge-driven model used the rules generated in the regression tree analyses to directly classify natural terroir units with respect to expected response of Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon blanc in the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District. The natural terroir units were thus grouped into terroir units that were homogenous with respect to predicted viticultural and oenological response for each cultivar. The use of representative sites to determine the response of the grapevine to its environment is time consuming and costly and limits terroir studies to research related investigations. Vineyard managers were therefore surveyed with respect to the functioning of established Sauvignon blanc vineyards in the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District in an attempt to obtain the necessary data. Comparison of the data generated with these questionnaires to measured data in commercial vineyards suggested that the vineyard managers were able to characterise the performance of vineyards with respect to vigour, signs of drought stress and yield. Each vineyard was mapped and the responses were linked to modelled environmental variables. Classification and regression trees were used to construct decision trees, which could be applied to environmental data in a geographic information system to determine viticultural terroirs for production of Sauvignon blanc. These terroirs, although fewer, were comparable to those generated using field data. Data gathered during terroir studies, and the identified viticultural terroirs for Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon blanc, were used to revisit the boundaries of the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District and the Simonsberg-Stellenbosch ward. Modifications were proposed based on expected wine characteristics. Boundaries for two new wards in the Helderberg basin were proposed. It was also possible to identify vineyards within a ward for the production of terroir specific wines.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Toenemende verbruikersaanvraag vereis produkte waarvan die etikette nie net die oorsprong aandui nie, maar ook kan dien as ‘n waarborg vir die produk se kwaliteit en kenmerkendheid. Hierdie tendens verklaar die toenemende wereldwye fokus op afgebakende areas van oorsprong. Die integriteit van die afgebakende areas van oorsprong sowel as hul verdedigbaarheid kan gewaarborg word deur terroirs as basis vir afbakening te gebruik. Die doelstellings van die studie was om die oorheersende omgewingseienskappe wat wingerdprestasie en wynkarakter van twee belangrike cultivars, naamlik Cabernet Sauvignon en Sauvignon blanc, in die Stellenbosch Wyn van Oorsprongsdistrik bemvloed, te bepaal; tweedens om ‘n toepaslike metodologie te gebruik om terroirs in die die distrik te bepaal wat gebaseer is op die geidentifiseerde omgewingseienskappe met die gebruik van ‘n geografiese inligtingstelsel; en, ten slotte, om hierdie terroirs vir wingerbou te gebruik om afgebakende areas van oorsprong in dieselfde omgewing te identifiseer. ‘n Terroir kan gedefinieer word as ‘n samestelling van homogene omgewingseenhede, of natuurlike terroir-eenhede (NTE), wat gebaseer word op die kenmerkende eienskappe van die produkte wat daaruit verkry word. Identifisering en karakterisering van terroirs sal afhang van kennis van die omgewingsparameters, die funksionering van die wingerdstok en die eienskappe van die finale produk. Veldstudies waaruit puntdata verkry word, is noodsaaklik om die funksionering van die wingerdstok te ondersoek. Dit is egter noodsaaklik om eers hierdie inligting in ruimtelike konteks te plaas alvorens die inligting vir soneringstudies gebruik kan word. As 'n eerste fase van datagenerering, was die Stellenbosch Wyn van Oorsprongsdistrik gekarakteriseer en NTE’s geidentifiseer deur gebruik te maak van bestaande digitale data en ‘n geografiese inligtingstelsel. ‘n NTE kan gedefinieer word as ‘n landseenheid wat gekarakteriseer word deur ‘n relatiewe homogene topografie, klimaat, geologiese substraat en grondtipe. ‘n Totaal van 1389 NTE’s is geidentifiseer in die Stellenbosch Wyn van Oorsprongsdistrik (84 537 ha). Die geidentifiseerde NTE’s was homogeen met betrekking tot die terrein morfologiese eenheid, hoogte bo seespieSI, hellingsaspek en grondtipe. Elk van die geidentifiseerde eenhede was verder beskryf volgens die omvang van die seewindinvloed en, vir toepaslike grond tipes, die geassosieerde moedermateriaal. As ‘n tweede fase van datagenerering is ‘n netwerk van persele van Cabernet Sauvignon en Sauvignon blanc afgebaken binne bestaande kommersiele wingerde in die nabyheid van weerstasies. Hul wingerd- en wynkundige respons is vir ‘n periode van sewe jaar gemonitor. Regressieboomanalises is gebruik om die volledige stel data te analiseer en om die relatiewe belang van omgewings- en bestuurspraktykverbonde veranderlikes te bepaal. Die bostokkloon (wat 'n hoe relatiewe belang vir die trosmassa van Sauvignon blanc en die oes- tot snoeimassa verhouding van Cabernet Sauvignon het) is die enigste van die nie-omgewingsparameter wat ‘n sterk invloed op wingerdprestasie of wynkarakter blyk te he. Die prestasie van Cabernet Sauvignon is beTnvloed deur die kaliuminhoud van die ondergrond sowel as die seisoensklimaat. By Sauvignon blanc het dit voorgekom of die prestasie verband hou met grondtekstuur, windblootstelling en temperatuur tydens die groen fase van korrelgroei sowel as die maand voor rypwording. Alhoewel dit blyk uit die resultate dat omgewingsparameters 'n oorheersende invloed op die prestasie van beide Cabernet Sauvignon en Sauvignon blanc uitoefen, reageer die twee cultivars verskillend op omgewingsprikkels. ‘n Kennisgedrewe model waarvan die riglyne uit resultate van die regressieboomanalise saamgestel is, word gebruik om NTE direk te klassifiseer ten opsigte van die verwagte respons van Cabernet Sauvignon en Sauvignon blanc in die Stellenbosch Wyn van Oorsprongsdistrik. Die NTE is dus gegroepeer om terroir eenhede te vorm wat homogeen was ten opsigte van die verwagte wingerd- en wynkundige respons vir elke cultivar. Die gebruik van verwysingspersele om die respons van die wingerdstok teenoor sy onmiddelike omgewing te bepaal, is tydrowend en duur en beperk sodoende terroir studies tot navorsing. Gevolglik is ‘n opname onder wingerdbestuurders gemaak om inligting oor die prestasie van Sauvignon blanc in die Stellenbosch Wyn van Oorsprongsdistrik in te win en sodoende die nodige data te verkry. Na vergelyking van die ingewinde data, wat uit die opname verkry is, met gemete data vanaf kommersiele wingerde, kon afgelei word dat wingerdbestuurders by magte is om die prestasie van wingerde ten opsigte van groeikrag, tekens van droogtestres en opbrengs te karakteriseer. Elke wingerd is gekarteer en die respons is gekoppel aan die gemodeleerde omgewingsparamters. Klassifikasie en regressiebome is gebruik om besluitnemingsmodelle saam te stel wat toegepas kon word op omgewingsdata in ‘n geografiese inligtingstelsel om terroirs vir die produksie van Sauvignon blanc te bepaal. Hierdie terroirs, alhoewel minder, was vergelykbaar met die wat gegenereer was met behulp van veldstudies. Data verkry met terroirstudies, sowel as gei'dentifiseerde terroir-eenhede, was gebruik om die grense van die Stellenbosch Wyn van Oorsrongsdistrik en die Simonsberg-Stellenbosch wyk te herbepaal. Voorgestelde modifiserings was gebaseer op verwagte wyneienskappe. Grense vir twee nuwe wyke in die Helderbergkom is voorgestel. Dit was ook moontlik om wingerde binne ‘n wyk te identifiseer vir die produksie van terroir-spesifieke wyne.
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Hurets, H. M. "Environmental biotechnology." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40374.

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Environmental biotechnology is the application of biotechnology in the natural environment. It could sustain the environment by using eco-friendly biological processes. Some of these processes could be used to solve the most demanding environmental problems like controlling air emissions and water pollution. Developing countries in Asia and elsewhere have high levels of atmospheric pollution. Besides, they are coupled with their growth in population, that creates enormous sewage and waste disposal problems.
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Books on the topic "Environmental aspects of Biotechnology"

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Fulekar, M. H. Environmental biotechnology. Enfield, N.H: Science Publishers, 2010.

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Environmental biotechnology. Enfield, N.H: Science Publishers, 2010.

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Environmental biotechnology. New York: Humana Press, 2010.

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Reducing Risks from Environmental Chemicals through Biotechnology (Conference) (1987 Seattle). Environmental biotechnology: Reducing risks from environmental chemicals through biotechnology. New York: Plenum, 1988.

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1938-, Forster C. F., and Wase, D. A. John, 1938-, eds. Environmental biotechnology. Chichester: Horwood, 1987.

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Biodiversity and environmental biotechnology. Jodhpur: Scientific Publishers (India), 2007.

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Price, Brian. Biotechnology, environment and control. London: Financial Times Energy Publishing, 1995.

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Methods in environmental biotechnology for environmentalists. Ann Arbor: InfoLearnQuest, 2010.

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The environmental risks from biotechnology. London: F. Pinter Publishers, 1986.

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Ah-You, Kim. Biotechnology and cleaner production in Canada. [Ottawa]: Life Sciences Branch, Industry Canada, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Environmental aspects of Biotechnology"

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Gupta, Varsha, Manjistha Sengupta, Jaya Prakash, and Baishnab Charan Tripathy. "Environmental Biotechnology." In Basic and Applied Aspects of Biotechnology, 385–413. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0875-7_19.

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Venkatesh, Aranya, I. Daniel Posen, Heather L. MacLean, Pei Lin Chu, W. Michael Griffin, and Bradley A. Saville. "Environmental Aspects of Biotechnology." In Sustainability and Life Cycle Assessment in Industrial Biotechnology, 77–119. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/10_2019_98.

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Gibbs, Jeffrey N., Iver P. Cooper, and Bruce F. Mackler. "Environmental Aspects of Biotechnology Regulation." In Biotechnology & the Environment: International Regulation, 1–7. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09160-7_1.

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Hermann, Barbara G., Veronika Dornburg, and Martin K. Patel. "Environmental and Economic Aspects of Industrial Biotechnology." In Industrial Biotechnology, 433–55. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527630233.ch13.

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Putatunda, Chayanika, Abhishek Walia, Rashmi Sharma, and Preeti Solanki. "Current Trends and Aspects of Microbiological Biogas Production." In Environmental and Microbial Biotechnology, 265–97. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2817-0_12.

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Hellin, Emmanuël, Hocine Ali-Khodja, Sébastien Deseveaux, Fabrice Vandermesse, Edmond-Jacques Nyns, Henry Naveau, and Spiros N. Agathos. "Gas-phase methyl ethyl ketone biodegradation in a tubular biofilm reactor: microbiological and bioreactor aspects." In Global Environmental Biotechnology, 417–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1711-3_36.

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Gibbs, Jeffrey N., Iver P. Cooper, and Bruce F. Mackler. "The Regulation of the Environmental Aspects of Biotechnology in the United Kingdom." In Biotechnology & the Environment: International Regulation, 187–205. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09160-7_14.

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Wattiau, Pierre. "Microbial Aspects in Bioremediation of Soils Polluted by Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons." In Biotechnology for the Environment: Strategy and Fundamentals, 69–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0357-5_5.

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Sharma, V. P., Ram Lakhan Singh, and R. P. Singh. "Degradable Polymers and Plastics of the Future: Steps Toward Environmental Sustainability, Regulations, and Safety Aspects." In Principles and Applications of Environmental Biotechnology for a Sustainable Future, 467–87. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1866-4_15.

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Kelly, David R. "Biotransformations-Practical Aspects." In Biotechnology, 25–34. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527620906.ch2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Environmental aspects of Biotechnology"

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Hegab, H., J. Palmer, and S. Napper. "Development of a Nanosystems Engineering Degree." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79572.

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Nanotechnology is science at the molecular level. Like biotechnology and information technology, it has tremendous potential to greatly change the world in which we live. Nanosystems engineering can be considered the branch of engineering that deals with materials and devices smaller than 100 nanometers (1 nanometer is a billionth of a meter), especially with the manipulation of individual molecules. Student interest and industry growth in this field highlight the need for a baccalaureate program in this area. The College of Engineering and Science at Louisiana Tech University has developed a new undergraduate degree in nanosystems engineering. The main objectives of this program are (a) to train undergraduate students in experimental, theoretical, and computational aspects of engineering and science as applied to the development and use of nanotechnology; and (b) renovate and revitalize traditional engineering curricula such as mechanical engineering or materials science/ engineering through new nanosystems courses and instructional modules. We describe a new undergraduate Bachelor of Science in Nanosystems Engineering curriculum which has a strong interdisciplinary emphasis. The Nanosystems Engineering Program draws on the strengths of all the basic sciences (chemistry, physics, and biology) and existing integrated engineering and science programs within the college at the freshman and sophomore levels. Graduates with a nanosystems engineering degree will have many opportunities at the boundaries of traditional engineering due to the cross-disciplinary nature of their degree. We expect many of the graduates of this program may choose to pursue research-based careers by moving on to graduate study or working at government laboratories and/or research centers. Graduates who wish to work in a commercial environment will find ever expanding opportunities in the many new nanotechnology companies that are emerging.
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Deming, Jess, Keith Henderson, Robert W. Phillips, Bernistine Dickey, Phyllis Grounds, Gerry Lewis, Roger Michaud, Ladonna Miller, Jim Searcy, and Nancy Wilson. "Biotechnology Opportunities on Space Station." In Intersociety Conference on Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/871468.

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Bolstad, G., M. Khine, B. Benum, A. O. Brubakk, P. DeFrancisco, B. Holand, G. Oftedal, A. Påsche, and H. Ryvarden. "Hermes-Crew Integration Aspects." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/901390.

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Furr, Paul A., Conrad B. Monson, William J. Sears, and Fred J. Abeles. "Physiological Aspects of EVA." In Intersociety Conference on Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/860991.

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Seighali, Narjes, Saeed ZakerBostanabad, Masoumeh Ramezanighara, and K. Abbas Seighali. "Biotechnology and food production." In 2010 2nd International Conference on Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering (ICBEE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbee.2010.5651497.

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Majernik, Milan. "ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF STEEL PRODUCTION." In 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2015/b52/s20.026.

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Palamariu, Maricel. "GEODETIC ASPECTS CONCERNING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. Stef92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/2.2/s09.100.

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Melton, H. Rodger, and Nina K. Springer. "Risk-Based Environmental Aspects Assessment." In SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/111946-ms.

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Zatsepina, Elena, Olga Sorokina, Vladimir Kosinsky, Larisa Petrova, and Ilya Fomkin. "Environmental Aspects of Land Management." In IV International Scientific and Practical Conference 'Anthropogenic Transformation of Geospace: Nature, Economy, Society' (ATG 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aer.k.200202.065.

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Nazaryan, A. O., G. D. Molchanov, G. Kh Kudryakova, and V. Yu Danelyan. "Environmental aspects of genetic engineering." In SCIENCE OF RUSSIA: GOALS AND OBJECTIVES. L-Journal, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/sr-10-02-2021-14.

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Reports on the topic "Environmental aspects of Biotechnology"

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Robinson, Larry. Marine Biotechnology and Marine Environmental Science Research Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/900248.

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Sowers, Kevin R. Graduate and Undergraduate Training in Marine Environmental Biotechnology. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada408279.

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BESTAEVA, E., and U. TEDEEVA. SOME ASPECTS OF THE WORLDVIEW FOUNDATIONS OF BIOETHICS. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2021-13-3-2-14-24.

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The purpose of the work is to determine the specifics of the worldview foundations of bioethics, their structure, nature and essence of man in the context of the “new experience” in the field of biotechnology. Research methods - philosophical and general logical.”New experience” in the field of biotechnology, as a stimulating discussion of anthropological, axiological and social problems, must be guided by the strategy of personal preservation and the methodology of human integrity and have value-worldview attitudes as real prerequisites. In the new ethics, the fundamental principles of two historically established systems - individualism and conciliarism (collectivism) are considered in the form of complement, not contradictory. We are only talking about their ratio and the degree of demand. At the same time, the state and society, and not “personal law”, are of decisive importance.
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R. Green. Environmental Aspects, Objectives and Targets Identification Process. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/838647.

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Zylstra, Gerben, and Jan Roelof van der Meer. Environmental Shortcourse Final report [Joint US-EC Short Course on Environmental Biotechnology: Microbial Catalysts for the Environment]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1067374.

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Carrick, S. J., M. G. Inghram, R. R. W. Ireland, J. A. Munter, and R. D. Reger. Copper River highway environmental impact studies: hydrologic aspects. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/1547.

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PI: Lily Y. Young Co-PI: Gerben J. Zylstra. Conference-EC-US Task Force Joint US-EU Workshop on Metabolomics and Environmental Biotechnology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1039555.

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Joseph M. Suflita. Biotechnology for the Environment, A Report on the Joint United States - European Union Celebration of a Decade of Environmental Biotechnology Exchange Activities for Early Career Scientists, Project ID: 0011751. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/940731.

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Thumm, W., A. Finke, B. Neumeier, B. Beck, A. Kettrup, H. Steinberger, P. D. Moskowitz, and R. Chapin. Environmental and health aspects of CIS-module production, use and disposal. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/34355.

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MacCracken, M. C., and J. E. Penner. Under-examined aspects of the potential environmental effects of nuclear war. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6363269.

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