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1
Carvalho Gomes Pedreira, Bernadete Da Conceição, and Elaine Cristina Cardoso Fidalgo. "Comparative study on the potential of agritourism in two Brazilian municipalities." Investigaciones Geográficas, no. 68 (December 18, 2017): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/ingeo2017.68.08.
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The knowledge acquired by studying different aspects that can influence agritourism provide for adequate guidelines to carry out this rural activity, leading to greater sustainability and higher chances of success. This study was developed to identify the more important aspects that can improve or limit agritourism and, accordingly, analyse the potential and the limitations for agritourism development in two municipalities of Southeast Brazil. The municipalities are Venda Nova do Imigrante in the state of Espírito Santo, where the agritourism is successfully consolidated and Cachoeiras de Macacu in Rio de Janeiro state, where it is not very significant. This comparison was based on secondary and primary data – the latter were collected during field trips in these municipalities and by getting in touch with representatives of institutions and other local stakeholders. The results showed that the main similarities between the municipalities, which promote agritourism, are environmental, historic and cultural aspects; the presence of family farming with diversified production; and small rural industries. The main differences are the aspects related to land use, tourism management and agritourism infrastructure. An aspect that limits the activity in both municipalities is the lack of specific norms and legislation to guide and organize agritourism.
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Zhukov, N. I., and N. A. Korneva. "Macroeconomic Aspects of Strategy for Rural Spatial Development Management in Russia." Economy of agricultural and processing enterprises, no. 10 (2020): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31442/0235-2494-2020-0-10-16-22.
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The article discusses and reveals the problems of strategic management of spatial development in the agricultural sector of the Russian economy at the macro-economic level, which include both territorial location and specialization of production, and exogenous mechanisms of functioning of the rural economy, which collectively concludes the concept of “rural development”. The approaches of representatives of the scientific community to the characterization of the essence of the category – “strategic management” as a long-term action program are presented. In the agricultural sector, it has different directions of impact due to spatial heterogeneity, which is manifested in the territorial differentiation of production (rental) opportunities for agricultural production in different administrative-territorial units of the corresponding hierarchical scale. This is aggravated by a non-adaptive agrarian macroeconomic policy, market imperfections, fetishization of private, especially land ownership, as well as unjustified absolutization of the advantages of large forms of agricultural production. The overstated role of foreign capital in agriculture, food and processing industries creates significant social, economic and environmental risks. In the agricultural and food sector of country’s economy, including the location and specialization of agricultural production, it is necessary to develop and adopt at the Federal level legislative acts that would encourage the integration of producers, processors, service enterprises, trade and credit and financial organizations, and consumer unions in the regions. To do this, it is necessary to develop a new, science-based paradigm of strategic management of rural development, regional distribution and specialization of agricultural production based on an objective assessment of modern productive forces, which are limited by the framework of private property and unregulated market relations, with a critical approach to large-scale forms of agricultural production.
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Margono, Romi Bramantyo, Yulia, Siswanti Zuraida, and Wiwik Dwi Pratiwi. "The impact of housing transformation to livability in North Bandung Peri-urban area." ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur 6, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v6i2.724.
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Urbanization is an undeniable phenomenon that happens globally, including in Indonesia. Indonesian cities are growing, causing urban sprawl and transformation of rural areas into urban areas. In between the urban and rural there is peri-urban area that has unique mixed characteristics of both. Areas with such characteristics can be found easily in the outskirts of Bandung city. The growth of peri-urban areas in Bandung occurs simultaneously with the growing tourism industries. This phenomenon caused a spatial transformation especially to the existing houses, which gives impacts to the livability of the area. This article would focus upon how housing transformation in peri-urban areas can affect the livability of the area by using the North Bandung peri-urban area as a case study. The result shows that the spatial transformation that happens in peri-urban areas gives positive impacts to social, economy, and spatial aspects, but unfortunately not the environmental aspects.
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Perreault, Thomas. "State Restructuring and the Scale Politics of Rural Water Governance in Bolivia." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 37, no. 2 (February 2005): 263–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a36188.
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Recent attempts to grant private concessions to water in Bolivia raise questions regarding the effects of the state's neoliberal restructuring on environmental governance. Like other Latin American states, Bolivia has enacted sweeping neoliberal reforms during the past two decades, including privatization of public sector industries, reduction of state services, and administrative decentralization. These reforms have been accompanied by constitutional reforms that recognized certain resource and political rights on the part of Bolivia's indigenous and campesino peoples. This paper examines the reregulation and rescaling of rural water management in Bolivia, and associated processes of mobilization on the part of peasant irrigators aimed at countering state reforms. Although traditional resource rights of peasant irrigators are strengthened by cultural aspects of constitutional reforms, rural livelihoods are undermined by economic liberalization. The paper examines the implications and contradictions of neoliberal reforms for rural water management in highland Bolivia. These processes are illustrated through a brief analysis of current organizational efforts on the part of peasant irrigators.
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Xu, Jintao, and Peter Berck. "China's environmental policy: an introduction." Environment and Development Economics 19, no. 1 (December 16, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x13000624.
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AbstractThis special issue covers several important aspects of China's environmental policy, ranging from evaluation of government programs (biogas and the Sloping Land Conversion Program) that aim directly to enhance the rural environment, to the reform of natural resource sectors (collective and state forest reforms) that set foundations for the sustainable use of natural resources, and to the impacts of urban environmental policies (including urban transportation management and industrial pollution control policy). We provide an overview of the topic and a brief introduction to each of the contributed papers.
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Cui, Wen He, Qian Yu Chen, and Yu Li. "Strategy Research of Landscape Construction of Green Village Settlement — Take Ansai as an Example." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 1296–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.1296.
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In this paper, dry farming area in northern Shaanxi unique geographical and natural environment and industrial restructuring brought about great changes in the background. Analyzed and summarized in Ansai area landscape to the status of rural settlements. From a rational land use and agricultural landscape planning, rural communities to create green, ecological environmental protection three aspects of green rural landscape to create a strategy, And proposed the establishment of green rural landscape of the "production - Living - ecology" compound operation mechanism.
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Wu, Zhilong, Bo Li, Xuhuan Dai, and Ying Hou. "Coupled Relationship between Rural Livelihoods and the Environment at a Village Scale: A Case Study in the Mongolian Plateau." Land 9, no. 2 (January 31, 2020): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9020038.
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Rural livelihoods, which are basic human activities, have long interacted with the environment. In light of the complexity of the human–environment system, more interdisciplinary analyses from geographical, environmental, and social sciences are needed. Using qualitative and quantitative methods from social, environmental, and geographical sciences, this study conducted a geographical regionalization and a comparative analysis of rural livelihoods in different zones in the Loess Plateau to explore the relationship between rural livelihoods and the environment. The results indicated that rural livelihoods are tightly coupled with the environment on a village scale, showing significant geographical regularity and spatial disparity. A combination of geographical location, resource endowment, and environmental sanitation affects rural livelihoods in terms of spatial patterns, development capacity, and quality of life in the context of the public ownership system, the utilization policy of land resources, and limited technical conditions. Coupling the relationship between rural livelihoods and a given environment on a village scale tends to lead to one of four types of relationships: “homeostatic”, “intense”, “transferred”, or “optimized”. Accordingly, governments and policymakers need to consider that countryside revitalization must be locally tailored and implemented through the four aspects of “rights revitalization”, “labor revitalization”, “industrial revitalization”, and “environmental revitalization”.
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Shui, Yue, Dingde Xu, and Shaoquan Liu. "Research on Role Cognition and Employment Strategy of Rural Female Laborers in Sichuan, China." Sustainability 11, no. 6 (March 21, 2019): 1708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061708.
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Paying attention to role cognition and the employment strategies of female rural laborers has great significance for the improvement of the status of women and the rational transfer of labor forces. However, there are few studies of role cognition amongst the rural female labor workforce. There is even less research on the relationship between role cognition and employment transfer strategies. In this study, a survey of 425 female rural laborers in the Sichuan Province, China, was conducted to construct a role-based cognitive scale in order to measure the cognitive levels of subjective ability, self-role expectations and role conflicts. This paper divides employment strategy into four aspects: Actual workplaces, workplace preferences, actual industries, and industry preferences. An unorganized multi-classification logistic regression model was constructed in order to explore the relationship between the role cognition and employment strategy selections. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between employment expectations and realities. Rural females with more equal modern role cognition had a higher expectation of employment. Meanwhile, those who had a strong feeling of role conflicts, tended to work in other places and choose secondary and tertiary industries. However, in reality, most were unemployed. The conflict of roles clearly restricts employment options of the rural female workforce. This study enhances our understanding of the relationship between the perceptions of the Chinese female labor workforce and the employment strategies used. The findings can help to provide a reference for guiding employment policies and the flow of the female labor workforce.
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Mashika, H. V. "Economic and geographical aspects of research into the economic potential of the Carpathian region." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 28, no. 3 (October 5, 2019): 475–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/111943.
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The article clarifies that during the administrative and territorial reform in Ukraine an important role is played by the capacity of the territory and the efficiency of the economic -managerial operations, in the assessment of which the most significant indicator is the availability of economic potential of the territory. Regarding the natural and geographical aspects of the research of the territorial structure of the economic complex of the Carpathian region, this region has a substantial natural capacity for the development of economic potential. Therefore, this region has all the preconditions to become one of the most developed regions of Ukraine . There are different classifications of the resources which make up and form the natural potential of the region. One of them is the allocation of resources according to the production spheres and industries where they can be applied, such as agricultural; non-productive; industrial. When it comes to the economic aspects of the research on the territorial structure of the economic complex of the Carpathian region, their dynamics are determined by the demographic situation of the region. Their dynamics are characterized by decrease in the rural population, cutback of the growth rate of the rural population, its ageing (individuals over 70 years old take up the largest share in the general age structure of the population), and emigration of young people, which is observed alongside some positive tendencies in birth rate increase. Accordingly, the processes of labour force ageing negatively affect the informational enhancement of all spheres of economy functioning throughout the region. This is connected with the failure of the region to embrace the state-of-the-art technologies. Such a demographic situation has influenced the structure of the labour market, the formation of which is accompanied by the release of a significant amount of labour resources and the deterioration of the situation in occupation and employment. At the same time, the freeing up of border crossing has contributed to the mass emigration of villagers to neighbouring countries seeking for employment. This has happened as a consequence of the economic processes that have taken place in the region, which are: high unemployment, prevalence of part-time jobs, and low wages. When we take into account the available and favourable natural, economic, scientific and technical factors in the development of the economic complex in the region, its historical and geographical inheritance, it is clear that strategic goals should include reasonable use of natural, material and technical, labour and intellectual capacities, and creation of an effective economic system. Such a system has to be able to provide material needs of various industries of the territorial economy and increase the level of environmental safety in the region. Herewith, based on the received data on the socio-economic and ecological status, we have identified are some main priorities for developing the Carpathian region. These priorities are as follows: development of tourist and recreational, agricultural and industrial, and forestry complexes; development of the non-productive sphere (especially in the area of mountainous territories); increase of the economic development of the Carpathian region; protecting the environment and raising the responsibility for the irrational use of natural resources and large amounts of pollutant emissions into the environment; taking measures to restore the historical and cultural traditions of the Carpathian region.
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Kagermazov, Ts B., M. M. Shahmurzov, and M. K. Kozhokov. "The state and ways of development of rural areas." REPORTS ADYGE (CIRCASSIAN) INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 20, no. 2 (2020): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.47928/1726-9946-2020-20-2-65-72.
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The result of scientific work was the conclusion that the stabilization and improvement of the agro-industrial complex is impossible without the unity of interests and goals of state structures, agricultural producers, processing and selling enterprises. Sustainable rural development has become a priority policy of the state. It covers the social, eco-nomic and environmental aspects of the development of society. This is the primary task of the power structures of all levels in the sphere of the agro-industrial complex. Creating agricultural production cooperatives is the surest and only way to ensure the food security of the country, the socio-economic and political stability of society. State structures of regions, municipal areas need to intensify and manage the creation of conditions for the voluntary association of small and medium-sized forms of agribusiness into production cooperatives.
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Kurnia, Adib, Ernan Rustiadi, and Andrea Pravitasari. "Characterizing Industrial-Dominated Suburban Formation Using Quantitative Zoning Method: The Case of Bekasi Regency, Indonesia." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (October 1, 2020): 8094. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198094.
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Suburbanization of Bekasi Regency as a part of the Jakarta Metropolitan Area (JMA) is mainly induced by urban expansion and industrialization, in which the suburbanization process threatens food security and ultimately disrupts urban sustainability. This study aims to characterize industrial-dominated suburban formation to manage the suburbanization process using a quantitative zoning method. In assessing the characteristics of industrially dominated suburban, this research utilizes the concept of urban–rural development (URD), which consists of five aspects of development (socioeconomic, population, industrial, land-use, and environmental). Factor analysis and Rustiadi’s spatial clustering form regional clusters using all variables while referring to the URD concept. The results showed that there are three regional typologies: (i) urban, (ii) Desakota, and (iii) rural regions. Urban regions are situated in the central and western parts of Bekasi Regency, rural regions are situated in the northern part of Bekasi Regency, while the desakota region is situated between urban and rural regions. Characteristics of each typology then could be used as the basis for development policy in Bekasi Regency which is then constructed towards the protection of agricultural areas in the rural and desakota regions, serving both food security function and strengthening urban sustainability of JMA.
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Zanin, Antônio, Cristian Baú Dal Magro, Diones Kleinibing Bugalho, Francieli Morlin, Paulo Afonso, and Andrzej Sztando. "Driving Sustainability in Dairy Farming from a TBL Perspective: Insights from a Case Study in the West Region of Santa Catarina, Brazil." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (July 28, 2020): 6038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156038.
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All companies in agribusiness supply chains need to be aware of the best use of available resources, which demands an integrated assessment of environmental, economic and social aspects, i.e., the Triple Bottom Line (TBL). Such analysis allows us to get a more balanced and complete understanding of the real performance of companies, supply chains and industries. Companies in the upstream of agribusinesses supply chains present some limitations, but can contribute significantly to the overall sustainability of the entire value chain. The objective of this research was to understand the role of the drivers of sustainability in dairy farming from a TBL perspective, such as assistance to producers and the value chain, and the use of better technology and management practices. A sample of 54 rural farms in the dairy supply chain of the western region of Santa Catarina, Brazil, was used to test four hypotheses about what can drive sustainability. Furthermore, first- and second-order structural equation models using SMART PLS software were used for the analysis of the data. The results obtained show that social sustainability is positively influenced by the use of good management practices, and the latter, as well as public policies, positively influence economic sustainability. Furthermore, it was found that improvements in production techniques positively influence environmental sustainability, and this is mostly influenced by the use of good management practices, and less so by policies directed at the supply chain. Finally, from the analysis of the second-order variable for sustainability, it was highlighted that the economic dimension prevails in the eyes of the farmers, as the main dimension of sustainability, and that environmental aspects are still neglected.
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Linda Studiyanti, Rio Aurachman, and Tiena Gustina Amran. "HUMAN FACTORS ANALYSIS OF ONLINE LEARNING PROCESS FOR STUDENTS ON SELECTED INDONESIAN CAMPUS (A PRELIMINARY STUDY)." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 20, Special1 (August 1, 2020): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.special1/art.695.
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The fourth industrial revolution is impacting the learning industry to become online learning, especially in Indonesia. Online learning provides benefits in that it can be cheaper, takes less time, can be self-paced, and provides an equal quality of education for students in rural areas. A total of 60 Indonesian college students on selected campus (age 20 ± 0,36 years old) who joined the Computer Simulation class in the third grade participated in this study. They are divided into two classes, an online class using Moodle software and a physical class, then observations are made. This study aims to obtain preliminary data to then research what human factors influence Indonesian people that constrain students from successful participation in online learning. The results show that there are three aspects of implementing online lectures in Indonesia: rules, usability and cognitive aspects. Besides, quality of place is an environmental factor that cannot be controlled.
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Noviani, Rita, Lutfi Muta'ali, and Nasruddin Nasruddin. "FACING SOLO RAYA METROPOLITAN CITY: ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT PLANNING." GeoEco 4, no. 2 (December 5, 2018): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/ge.v4i2.22508.
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<p>Since 2010 Solo Raya has became part of the metropolis candidates that will continue to grow along with the agglomeration of Jogjakarta and Semarang. The problems that trail is the tendency of metropolitan magnitude that resulted in less functioning of the city as a catalyst for regional development. Further impact is the lagging of small and medium-sized cities (Tjahjati, 1995). The development of urban system is determined by both the comparative advantage and the competitive advantages, such as location, natural resources and human resources (Metropolitan Directorate, 2003), so that in planning the development it should focus on the ability to cooperate or synergize between regions (spatial synergism) either in urban and rural area or on a wider scale, cooperation between cities.</p><p>The purpose of this research was to arrange aspects and decision criteria in developing metropolitan area of Solo Raya. The method used is literature study approach which is then analyzed descriptively.</p><p>The result of analysis showed that in metropolitan area of the world there are 4 (four) main characteristics and problems, they are: (1) city as center of population, economy and government activity, (2) city with environmental problems (air, land and water), as a result of population density, public transportation, and garbage, (3) city with problems in the land aspect (land prices and housing provision) and (4) city with problems on social aspects (criminals and terrorists). The formulation of metropolitan area development planning is done with 3 (three) considerations, they are: (1) avoiding high social segregation between and among regions, (2) creating a balance population mobility and intra and inter-regional services (spirit of togetherness), (3) creating a regional economy (growth, equity and welfare) based on the local potential which has inter-regional connectivity (harmonization). Aspects and criteria are: regional management (spatial planning policy, regional competitiveness, regional marketing, inter-regional cooperation), urbanization (migration, urbanization, agglomeration and conurbation, social integration), economic development (economic growth, employment, economic equalization, urban poverty), regional connectivity (transportation, rural-urban linkage, territorial function), and environment (environmental supporting capacity, disaster risk, environmental degradation, disaster mitigation). The decision priorities include: Industrial City, Service City, City of Tourism and Culture, Trade City, and Agriculture.</p><p> </p>
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Raslavičius, Laurencas, and Anicetas Strakšas. "MOTOR BIOFUEL-POWERED CHP PLANTS—A STEP TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL LITHUANIA." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 17, no. 1 (March 17, 2011): 189–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13928619.2011.560639.
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This paper focuses on the benefits that can be attained from the correct option of small-scale combined heat and power plant (CHP) relative to fuel availability and sphere of application. The analysis serves as a means of highlighting some of the owners of large-scale farms as well as holders of industrial greenhouses that influence the penetration of small-scale cogeneration plants running on bio-based liquid fuels. The identification of the main influencing factors and their weight is the first step towards the implementation of a more coherent strategy, if the EC (European Commission) and national energy authorities wish for new small-scale cogeneration technologies to have a future in the context of sustainable development of rural Lithuania. Against this background, this paper aims at presenting the technical, environmental and economic aspects of the possibilities of utilizing biodiesel, biodiesel-conventional diesel blends and rapeseed oil in combined heat and power production as an issue for further discussions regarding the formative breakthrough attitude towards a possible path of country's sustainable development.
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Meinhold and Darr. "The Processing of Non-Timber Forest Products through Small and Medium Enterprises—A Review of Enabling and Constraining Factors." Forests 10, no. 11 (November 14, 2019): 1026. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10111026.
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Research Highlights: This study reviews the available literature on processed non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in order to comprehensively identify relevant factors enabling or constraining their potential to contribute to rural development. Background and Objectives: NTFPs, such as wild foods, medicinal plants, and raw materials for handicrafts, make significant contributions to rural livelihoods. NTFPs can help fulfil households' subsistence and consumption needs, serve as a safety-net in times of crises, and provide cash income. In particular, the processing of NTFPs has often been suggested to positively influence sustainable economic development in rural areas. However, despite rising interest and recognition of the potential contributions of such industries as key sources of employment and their strategic role in overall growth strategies of developing countries, many NTFP processing enterprises remain in the informal sector and an in-depth understanding of the underlying factors is lacking. This review aims to identify enabling and constraining factors affecting NTFP processing enterprises. Materials and Methods: Using systematic review methodology, studies investigating commercialized, processed NTFPs and their economic impacts have been identified and the current evidence base with regard to NTFP processing and small and medium sized enterprise (SME) development synthesized. Results: Despite the diverse nature of NTFPs, a number of constraining and enabling factors affecting NTFP processing and commercialization were identified. The former includes aspects such as the lack of resource access (finances, skills, technologies, etc.), market information, and basic infrastructure; the latter, amongst others, the role of key entrepreneurs; and cooperation across the value chain, amongst producers, and among members of the institutional environment or an abundant resource base. Moving from small-scale NTFP commercialization in local markets to more mature NTFP value chains reaching export markets, the increasing role of cooperation and having a supportive institutional framework in place, becomes apparent. Conclusions: Overall, successful NTFP processing strongly depends on the socio-economic and environmental context in question, requiring a holistic approach tailored to the respective context and value chain.
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Cao, Jun, and Ye Lin. "Sustainable City Growth New Models for the Post-Industrial City." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 2778–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.2778.
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This paper reports on research in the area of Green Urbanism and new models for urban growth and neighborhoods, as cities need to transform from a fossil-based model to a model based on sustainable energy sources. The paper deals with cross-cutting issues in architecture, landscape architecture and urban design and addresses the question of how we can best cohesively integrate all aspects of energy systems, transport systems, waste and water management, passive and active strategies, natural ventilation and so on, into contemporary urban design of Eco-Cities with an improved environmental performance of cities. This text reflects upon practical strategies focused on increasing sustainability beyond and within the scope of individual buildings and provides a context for a general discourse about the regeneration of the city centre, its transformation to a sustainable model, and discusses how urbanism is affected (and can be expected to be even more affected in future) by the paradigms of ecology. Recent examples for the application of such urban design principles are the two proposals for the Australian city of Newcastle: the City Campus and Port City projects. These case studies illustrate that it is less environmentally damaging to stimulate growth within the established city centre rather than sprawling into new, formerly un-built areas. Three steps from passive building design to active mechanical equipment. The designer needs to take full advantage of basic, passive building strategies first, before adding mechanical active equipment. Motto: More with less. The entire urban metabolism is based on energy supply. However, a new symbiosis between countryside and city is emerging: The century-old tension between rural and urban might finally get resolved, where the city stops to grow at the expense of its rural hinterland.
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Rivas G., Álvaro, and Heimar Quintero V. "Reappraising the multiple functions of traditional agriculture within the context of building rural development investigative skills." Agronomía Colombiana 32, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v32n1.40185.
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The productivist and reductionist vision of industrial agriculture in the twentieth century prevented the analysis of the other multiple functions of traditional agriculture, such as those corresponding to the ecological and cultural dimensions. In the current rural crisis, which entails food insecurity, environmental uncertainties, deterioration of the social fabric, a context lacking rural educational (extension) proposals and impaired quality of life, to name a few, it is necessary to reassess traditional agriculture in order to generate strategies that are capable of providing strategic answers to the problems in question. The current multifunctional agriculture (MFA) paradigm allows agricultural research in different world regions, addressing comprehensive economic aspects, protection of commons, actor-centered focus and public policy formulation. This article presents the current modern research contributions that, in the framework of the project: Rural Societies, Economy and Natural Resources integrating rural development skills, (Sociedades Rurales Economía y Recursos Naturales integrando competencias para el desarrollo rural - SERIDAR, which is part of the Alpha III program of the European Commission) and reveals and reappraises other functions of traditional agriculture that warrant investigation. In this way, the Universidad Nacional de Colombia contributes to the development of appropriate research skills by integrating post-graduate students in transdisciplinary research with local knowledge networks. We hypothesized that farmer adaptations contain practical and technical strategic guidance for the protection of common goods (soil, biodiversity, water, etc.) and the strengthening of the social fabric (knowledge and culture). With the reappraisal of the multiple functions of traditional agriculture and their upgrading in the context of post-industrial cultures, it is possible to build strategies that are capable of responding to the uncertainties produced by the global markets of food, land and technology, the reductionist knowledge systems and the environment.
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Reiman, Arto, and Seppo Väyrynen. "Review of Regional Workplace Development Cases." International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development 3, no. 1 (January 2011): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jskd.2011010103.
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The labour-intensive manufacturing industry faces many working-life challenges in the rural, sparsely populated northern areas of Finland at both operational and strategic levels. These challenges vary, being in interaction with both technical and social systems and their combinations. In this paper, the authors review and evaluate needs, actions and results carried out to improve work and productivity in three regional industrial development cases. The actions discussed in this paper, such as work environment management, change management in general and the sociotechnical approach, are essential for the success of enterprises. Using the results of this research as a basis for developing design knowledge, two guidelines for strategic management purposes are proposed. These guidelines implement sociotechnical aspects into the work environment and its management, and recognise that it is important to focus on human and organisational factors in addition to technical end environmental aspects. A proposal for a specific, unique self-assessment tool for evaluating the level of the quality of the work environment in SMEs is also suggested.
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Sukhwani, Vibhas, Arie Nurzaman, Nadia Paramitha Kusumawardhani, Anwaar Mohammed AlHinai, Liu Hanyu, and Rajib Shaw. "Enhancing Food Security by Institutionalizing Collaborative Food Alliances in Urban Areas." Sustainability 11, no. 15 (July 30, 2019): 4103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154103.
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Narrowing the food supply-demand gaps between urban and rural areas within a regional space has today become a serious challenge due to the growing urban population. Resultantly, urban markets are increasingly being dominated by industrial food chains, despite their negative socio-environmental impacts. To address this issue, this paper discusses the need and significance of ‘Collaborative Food Alliances’ (CFAs), which promote the direct supply of food products from rural farmers to urban residents through improved producer–consumer relationships. Based on the literature survey, this study underlines that the current CFAs are confronted with several challenges including the small scale of functioning and limited financing. While the current research on CFAs is focused on theoretical place-based studies, this paper argues that institutionalization of CFAs at a large scale is highly important for enhancing food security in urban areas. It mainly deliberates on two key aspects: (a) The process of institutionalizing CFAs and (b) A feasible financing mechanism to support CFAs. This paper emphasizes that urban local governments have a central role to play in institutionalizing CFAs, either as a lead agency or as a facilitator. It concludes with specific suggestions on three key determinants of multi-stakeholder engagement, financial constraints and policy coordination at a regional level.
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Bahan, Nadiia. "ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL FEATURES OF USE OF LAND RESOURCES IN UKRAINE AND WORLD." Green, Blue & Digital Economy Journal 2, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2661-5169/2021-1-2.
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The purpose of the article is to study the economic, social and environmental features of the use of land resources of agricultural enterprises, which is one of the determining factors of economic development and environmental safety of the state. Optimization of the use of land resources in ecological, economic and social aspects is the basis for a favourable territorial environment of natural landscapes. The goal of the article is to study the economic efficiency of the use of land resources in modern conditions, their social and environmental basis. Methodology. To write the article, methods of analysis, comparison, and generalization of research results, economic, statistical and graphic methods have been used. It is clear that research on the efficiency of the use of land resources in agricultural enterprises is a complex and lengthy process. Taking this into account, it is impossible to identify a single indicator that can fully reflect the level of efficiency in the use of land resources. For a more complete characterization of the specified process, a system of both natural and value indicators should be used. Results. According to the results of the study, it has been established that the practice of land use and the state of study of certain problems require further study of the prerequisites for the development of processes of soil degradation caused by the main factors: human economic activity, climatic, relief and ground conditions. Attention is drawn to the efficiency of the use of land resources in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine; the distribution of enterprises in Ukraine is carried out by the size of agricultural land. The role of state financing of enterprises in the sector of agro-industrial development is analysed, and the state of financing of programs to support agro-industrial production in 2019 is considered. The social aspects of land use in Ukraine are processed; they are focused on the quality of food, ensuring the welfare of the population and landscaping of rural municipalities. The program of support of the agro-industrial production sector by providing loans to agrarians has been investigated: in particular, it is planned to allocate 1,200,000,000 UAH for a programme to reduce the cost of loans to enterprises engaged in all types of agricultural activities. Practical implications. Since the practice of managing agricultural enterprises in market conditions shows that the most important thing is not the availability of land resources but the efficiency of using its potential; therefore, the need to create a reliable economic mechanism that will ensure the effective use of land resources and preserve their fertility is a priority. The breadth and versatility of land problems, their connection and dependence on socio-economic, political and environmental factors necessitate further research on this issue.
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Polenkova, M. V. "Forming Social Responsibility of Agricultural Enterprises in the Conditions of Sustainable Development." PROBLEMS OF ECONOMY 4, no. 46 (2020): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-0712-2020-4-195-200.
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The article substantiates the necessity to introduce modern mechanisms of interaction between the state and business, and between business and society as well in order to ensure sustainable economic growth in Ukraine. Today agricultural enterprises more and more often appear under pressure to solve social problems, realize the harm they do to the environment in their supply chains, and need to find ways to solve critical socio-economic and environmental challenges set in accordance with the goals of sustainable development. The evolution of schools of thought developing the concept of corporate social responsibility is studied, as well as those of the economic system and industrial transformations, which were actively developing in the twentieth century society. It has been found out that the impact of social responsibility on the welfare of the population was considered through the prism of three areas: business ethics, business and society, and social aspects of management. It is substantiated that corporate social responsibility is an umbrella term for various theories and practices, admitting that corporations are responsible for their impact on society and the environment, sometimes even beyond compliance with the law and the responsibility of individuals; companies are responsible for the behavior of others with whom they do business (for example, suppliers in the supply chain); companies should handle their relationships with society at large. The peculiarities of the approaches of large farms (collective farms) to the socio-economic development of rural areas in the planned economy in Soviet times are outlined. It has been found out that collective farms provided a wide range of support to rural communities and household plot owners, namely, by providing the following: full employment, rural social infrastructure, resources and services on homesteads. The peculiarities of European approaches to the development of social responsibility have been studied. The relationship between the social responsibility of agricultural enterprises and the revival of rural areas has been established.
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Pidhornyj, A. "Priority directions to improve the efficiency of swine production in agricultural enterprises." Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, no. 1 (148) (May 30, 2019): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2019-148-1-50-64.
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It was established that the increase of the enterprise efficiency is one of the fundamental problems of both economic theory and management theory. Activity efficiency is the leading criterion of sustainable enterprise development and the target indicator at any stage of its development. The study of the enterprise operation efficiency and its regularities and trends also requires a comprehensive study of causal relationships in the economy, their interdependence and interconnection. It is proved that the category of "economic efficiency" is not only the most generalizing concept, but also considered as a complex socio-economic category of reproduction, which characterizes the processes of productive forces development and industrial relations. It should be claimed that the concept of "efficiency" in relation to the processes of functioning and macroeconomic system development is ambiguous and controversial. The multilevel model of the macroeconomic system effectiveness allows us to consider the effectiveness of its various aspects, to systematize the essential understanding of effectiveness, depending on the peculiarities of its development. We believe that in the theoretical and methodological sense, the category of production efficiency is an integral system of market relations in order to obtain the highest return on aggregate expenditures and the greatest cost savings of social labor, the system-forming features of which are human capital, fixed capital and material costs. To sum up, the above-mentioned in the aspect of determining the efficiency criterion, we believe that efficient production of pork in agricultural enterprises will be achieved under the following conditions: maximum possible volume production of quality and safe products with the optimal amount of resources and regulatory losses at different stages of production; taking into account the social component of production (full satisfaction of the population needs in pig products in accordance with reasonable norms, ensuring the development of rural areas in order to minimize the differences in living standards of rural and urban population); taking into account the environmental component of production (minimizing the negative impact on the state of the environment, adhering to environmental requirements in the production of products, utilizing waste, etc.), as well as achieving the profitability level, which will ensure extended reproduction (more than 20% annually). Key words: efficiency, enterprise, category, effect, production and economic activity.
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Zhavoronkova, N. G., and G. V. Vypkhanova. "Legal Problems of Public Policy and Strategic Planning of Land Management." Lex Russica 74, no. 2 (February 25, 2021): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2021.171.2.050-063.
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Strategic planning in land is now at the stage of development and adoption of new documents defining goals, objectives, directions, priorities and instruments of state land policy and land management. The uniqueness of this object of public management and strategy requires a systematic approach to strategic planning based on both the ecological and social significance of the land and economic value of land resources. The authors examine the possibility of their use as a natural means of agricultural production, draw attention to forestry—the most important factor in the development of economic industries as a territorial (spatial) basis (foundation) of economic activity—location of capital construction objects, other real estate objects, development of modern systems of settling population in an urban and rural areas, urban agglomerations. Accordingly, strategic planning for land management in real estate and spatial development is an important part of land management, urban planning and other related areas.The paper considers terminological and conceptual problems of the object and subject matter of these relations (land, land resources, territory, space, real estate, spatial development, land use ) in the cross-sectoral context of strategic planning. The authors have determined the main issues of formation of the concept and strategy of state strategic management concerning land resources in general, as well as the land use strategy in differnt settlements in the context of present day factors influencing the state of development of this strategic area. The paper examines intersectoral aspects of preparation of documents of strategic planning, the connection of the land use with other areas of strategic management of public development (socio-economic, spatial, urban planning, state property management, energy, environmental safety).As the result of the study, the authors propose new approaches to land strategy and its improvement.
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Tvrdoň, J. "Economic aspects of rural areas sustainable development." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 51, No. 1 (February 20, 2012): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5070-agricecon.
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The articles deals with problems of different development of rural areas and their factors. In usual analysis of rural development, the position of agriculture is interpreted in broad range of opinions from the neglectable role to its non-substitutability in rural economics. The article follows strong sides of these concepts at simultaneous reduction of their weaknesses and is focused on problems of investigation of the mutual influence of endogenous as well as exogenous industries on rural regions. Applied approach leads to setting up model of economic base and deriving of multiplicators of rural development. It is obvious from the analysis that nonagricultural subsidy programs supporting development of the others industries in region have indirect influence upon its agriculture too. In different regions, this influence varies due to the factors investigated in the paper.
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Selikhova, Y. "HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENERGY EFFICIENT ECOLOGICAL SETTLEMENTS, CLASSIFICATION AND WORLD EXAMPLES." Municipal economy of cities 3, no. 163 (June 29, 2021): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-3-163-22-29.
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The article considers the movement of ecological settlements since the end of the 18th century, namely from the stage of industrial and scientific-technological revolution - industrial revolution, which provoked the eviction of people from rural areas, thus causing intensive development and rapid urban growth in many countries. Poor living conditions and the acute environmental situation have given impetus to scientists in various fields of science, prompted to find ways to overcome this situation. The relevance of the article is due to the need for historical analysis, the invention of the brightest foreign examples of urban formations, namely energy-efficient ecological settlements, which will improve the environmental situation resulting from the industrial revolution, thereby causing severe damage and affecting the living conditions of our society. Recently, scientific interest in energy-efficient ecological settlements, both from a theoretical and empirical point of view, has greatly increased, so first of all, the article cited several terms that clearly describe what is meant by energy-efficient ecological settlements. based on the use of alternative energy sources, trying to change and oppose the main environmental, social, economic and political institutions. Historical data show that each urban planning entity has its own chronology and preconditions for organization. The article analyzes the main stages of the formation of the first settlements, which later evolved into energy efficient and completely independent of external resources of the settlement. The first settlements arose in the illegally occupied territories. Since seas and rivers were an extremely important geopolitical factor for ancient world civilizations and countries, they determined both the directions of migration and settlement, as well as conquests and colonization. The main prerequisites for the organization of settlements were geographical and climatic factors. The settlement required areas with fresh water, recreational areas, fertile land and a warm mild climate. It was found that ecological settlements are classified by type, structure, region and location. Here are some examples of energy-efficient ecological settlements that have been operating successfully since the early 1990s to the present day. The article contains general plans of these settlements, and briefly describes each example. In conclusion, the role of energy-efficient ecological settlements is very large, they regulate many environmental and economic aspects through passive construction, rational use of resources, waste management and application of urban planning principles and design standards.
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Fortes, António Gonçalves, and Baltazar Raimundo. "Bioenergia em Moçambique: tecnologias de produção, uso e aspetos sustentáveis." Desenvolvimento Socioeconômico em Debate 6, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18616/rdsd.v6i1.5777.
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Face aos problemas socioambientais e econômicos resultantes do uso dos combustíveis fósseis, Moçambique vem implementado diversos projetos de inclusão das energias renováveis (ER) na matriz energética nacional. Uma alternativa promissora é o uso da bioenergia, com vista a explorar seu potencial para produção de energia de forma sustentável. Nessa perspectiva, este artigo objetiva realizar a caracterização do setor de biomassa e bioenergia em Moçambique, através das tecnologias usadas no processamento, o contexto legal e os aspetos sustentáveis na produção e utilização desta fonte. Os resultados mostram que a biomassa (sólida, liquida e gasosa) pode ser utilizada diretamente para geração de calor e/ou eletricidade. A biomassa lenhosa é a mais usada pela população moçambicana para fins domésticos, e casualmente, para fins comercial e industrial. Concluir que, para o atual cenário nacional, a inclusão da biomassa derivada de rejeitos urbanos e industriais pode resolver, em simultâneo, o problema energético e de gestão de resíduos. É sustentável a relação entre a produção de alimento – geração de energia – preservação do meio ambiente. E o uso de tecnologias eficientes na geração dos biocombustíveis reduz os impactos ambientais e a dependência dos combustíveis fósseis, para além de promover os serviços de maior qualidade, contribuir para o aumento da eficiência de conversão e na sustentabilidade energética, especialmente na área rural.Palavras chaves: bioenergia; fonte alternativa; tecnologias de produção; sustentabilidade.Bioenergy in Mozambique: production technologies, use and sustainable aspectsABSTRACTIn view of the socio-environmental and economic problems resulting from the use of fossil fuels, Mozambique has implemented several projects to include renewable energies (RE) in the national energy matrix. A promising alternative is the use of bioenergy, with a view to exploring its potential for sustainable energy production. In this perspective, this article aims to characterize the bioenergy sector in Mozambique, through the technologies used in the conversion, the legal context and the sustainable aspects in the production and use of this source. The results show that biomass (solid, liquid and gaseous) can be used directly to generate heat and/or electricity. Woody biomass is the most used by the Mozambican population for domestic purposes, and casually, for commercial and industrial purposes. To conclude that, for the current national scenario, the inclusion of biomass derived from urban and industrial waste can simultaneously solve the energy and waste management problem. The relationship between food production - energy generation - preservation of the environment is sustainable. And the use of efficient technologies in generation of biofuels reduces environmental impacts and dependence on fossil fuels, in addition to promoting higher quality services, contributing to increasing conversion efficiency and energy sustainability, especially in rural areas.Keywords: bioenergy; alternative source; production technologies; sustainability.
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Burdock, Robert P., and Peter Ampt. "The Characteristics of Five Food Production Systems and Their Implications for Sustainable Landscapes." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 2 (January 12, 2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n2p23.
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This paper presents a classification of agricultural production systems that we believe characterises the complex interface between agriculture and the landscapes in which they are managed. Farmers have a choice about how they will manage their land, either to exclude inherent environmental complexity or to engage with it, mindful of risks associated with their approach. Adding to this complexity is the interplay between key natural, social, human, physical and financial resources in agricultural systems, highlighting the importance of extending sustainability principles to aspects of ecology, economics and culture. Decisions about agricultural systems hinge on a balance of productive outcomes, on sensitivity to the issues of environmental complexity, on economic grounds including the access to resources, and the socio-cultural needs of the community in which the farmer participates. Further, farm managers will make a choice that both satisfies and suffices (satisfices) against production, ecological efficiencies and resilience outcomes when choosing which food production system to adopt. In this paper, these complexities are analysed against five different agricultural systems on an ecological continuum; from biologically simple industrial systems that minimise interaction with the natural environment, to ecologically complex systems that are closely engaged with their environment. Production viability is a necessary consideration to maintain farming operations but is not sufficient if operational capacity is to be achieved in the long term. This analysis finds that it is also necessary to work with ecological, economic and social complexities, satisficing against productivity, ecological efficiency and inherit system resilience. No one particular farming systems is appropriate in all cases. The farmer’s choice may apply a mix of the five different agricultural systems described, allowing for the blending of these attributes in order to sustain rural landscapes.
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Ljesevic, Milutin, Milutin Mrksa, and Misko Milanovic. "Environmental aspects of rural development planning." Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 91, no. 1 (2011): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd1101033l.
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Environment of rural areas is specific. Rural area is different from the city because of the different densities of housing, different economic activities and different social psychological characteristics of the population. In contrast to the urban rural areas are mostly developed elementary, while the city doing different types of urban plans and development. Opinion is that the rural environment and healthier preserved from the city. However, as rising demand for food, so it is coming to an increase of different agro chemicals, additives and hormones. In recent times the current problems of genetically modified agricultural products. Therefore, is control and environmental management has become liabilities.
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Efimova, Natalia V., V. R. Motorov, I. V. Mylnikova, and A. A. Blokhin. "MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS IN THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS." Hygiene and sanitation 97, no. 10 (October 15, 2018): 881–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2018-97-10-881-886.
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Introduction. The problem of the carcinogenic danger of the gain in cancer incidence in large cities and industrial centers is under consideration, but there are no studies on the epidemiological and hygienic aspects of the prevalence of cancer pathology in the regions of Siberia. Material and methods. Incidence and mortality rates of malignant tumors were studied as in general as corresponding to the leading localizations in accordance with the International Classification of Diseases for 1991-2015. To reduce the uncertainties of the analysis associated with the small population of the rural areas of the Republic of Buryatia (RB), the average value for five-year periods was calculated. Results. The epidemiological analysis of the long-term morbidity and mortality rate in cancer cases indicates negative trends. The gain in cancer prevalence was revealed to be 1.5 times higher in the RB. The increase of the index value is especially pronounced in the following localizations: blood and hemopoietic organs by 2.8 times, genitourinary system - 2.8 times, endocrine system - 2 times, digestive organs - 1.5 times. Malignant neoplasms of the lungs (33.3 ‰00 of the population) and the stomach (28.1 ‰00) are most often recorded. Using repeated georeferenced measurements of oncological pathology from the general population in the RB, we identified clusters highlighting a particular structure in the spatial distribution of high and low values of the mortality and incidence rate. Conclusion. The further direction of research is discussed: a detailed study of the impact of carcinogenic risk factors (industrial, natural and climatic origin, lifestyle) and the organization of medical care for the population in identified areas of risk.
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Ambarwati, Handayani Dwi, and Setiawan Wisnu. "PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA BATIK DI DESA PUNGSARI KABUPATEN SRAGEN JAWA TENGAH." Jurnal Arsitektur ARCADE 3, no. 1 (March 28, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31848/arcade.v3i1.196.
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Abstract: Pungsari Village is a center for batik craftsmen who have long held the title of tourism villages in Sragen Regency. The title of this tourist village is one of the starting points for the growth of the creative economy embryo. These strategies make the environment something important and environmentally sound. In fact, the strategy has been programmed by the Ministry of Village with the theme of Development of Green Tourism Village in 2017. The program scenario has not used a development strategy that slogan "village build". For example, the development scenario does not yet entirely cover the village, such as: markets, settlements, rice fields, creative industries, and local socio-culture. Therefore, this article is intended to discuss aspects that can be done to develop Pungsari Tourism Village. This research is one of several definitions that can support the development of the village area. Furthermore, these parameters are to increase the tourism potential of tourist villages. This classification will be the basis for developing an environmentally sound rural area. Based on the results of this study, Pungsari Village has grouped characters into four additional clusters: socio-economic clusters, cultural-cultural clusters, residential clusters, and integrated development clusters.Keyword: Creative Economy; Scenario of Tourism Village Development; Planning ClusterAbstrak: Desa Pungsari merupakan sentra pengrajin batik yang telah lama memiliki gelar sebagai desa wisata di Kabupaten Sragen. Gelar desa wisata ini merupakan salah satu titik awal tumbuhnya embrio ekonomi kreatif. Strategi ini berpotensi sebagai penyerapan sumber daya lokal yang bersifat padat karya dan berwawasan lingkungan. Bahkan sebenarnya, strategi tersebut sudah diprogramkan Kementerian Desa dengan tema Pengembangan Desa Wisata Hijau pada tahun 2017. Skenario program tersebut belum mengacu pada strategi konsep pengembangan yang berslogan “desa membangun”. Sebagai contoh, skenario pengembangan belum seluruhnya mencakup potensi desa tersebut, seperti antara lain: pasar, permukiman, persawahan, industri kreatif batik, dan sosial-budaya setempat. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini bermaksud untuk mendiskusikan aspek-aspek strategis yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengembangkan Desa Wisata Pungsari. Penelitian ini berangkat dari definisi variabel atau parameter yang dapat mendukung skema pengembangan kawasan desa tersebut. Selanjutnya, parameter tersebut digunakan untuk menyusun klasifikasi potensi desa wisata. Klasifikasi ini akan menjadi landasan pengembangan kawasan desa yang berwawasan lingkungan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, Desa Pungsari mempunyai karakter yang terkelompok menjadi empat kluster diantaranya : kluster sosial-ekonomi, kluster pendidikan-budaya, kluster pemukiman, dan kluster pengembangan terpadu.Kata Kunci: Ekonomi Kreatif; Skenario Pengembangan Desa Wisata; Kluster Perencanaan
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Kostyaev, Alexander I., and Galina N. Nikonova. "Impact of livestock industries on rural development." Agricultural Science Euro-North-East 22, no. 4 (August 27, 2021): 608–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2021.22.4.608-619.
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The purpose of the study is to test the hypothesis of the priority role of livestock breeding in the development of rural areas on the basis of an analysis of livestock industries and determine the degree of territorial heterogeneity of this phenomenon. The study was carried out on the example of 29 regions of the Non-Black Earth Zone of the Russian Federation. Methods of ranking, correlation and variational analysis were used. A noticeable correlation was established between the indicators of the development of the livestock industry and rural development (p = 0.5; 0.6). For poultry farming, this relationship is moderate (p = 0.3; 0.3), pig breeding - weak negative (p = - 0.1; - 0.1). Concrete calculations confirmed the lack of influence of the development of pig breeding on one of the important indicators of the development of rural areas - the growth of acreage. The features of territorial heterogeneity in the development of cattle breeding and rural areas have been consistently investigated on the basis of the same methodology. Three equal groups of regions with a relatively high, medium and relatively low level of their development were identified. It is shown that the group of regions with a relatively high level of development of cattle breeding in the Non-Black Earth Region accounts for about half of the volume of milk and 56% of the production of cattle for slaughter. Neighboring regions in group I form two, in group II - one, in group III - three areas. When comparing the results obtained for cattle breeding and rural areas, it was found that the composition of the regions in the corresponding groups coincides by 67-78 %. When calculating the correlation coefficient between the final ranks of the regions, established when determining the heterogeneity of the development of livestock breeding and the heterogeneity of the development of rural areas, a high tightness of the correlation was revealed (p = 0.7). The hypothesis being tested was confirmed.
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Navabakhsh, M., and R. Tamiz. "Influences of rural industries on sustainable social and environmental developments." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 10, no. 1 (November 21, 2012): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13762-012-0109-8.
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Mosiej, Józef. "Sustainable Rural Development Policy in Poland – Environmental Aspects." Acta Regionalia et Environmentalica 11, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aree-2014-0008.
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Abstract The author discusses issues of sustainable development in rural areas in Poland from the perspective of natural resources management. Sustainable development of rural areas is the way of managing which links economic, social and ethical principles with ecological safety. This may be reached by proper management, directed on cautious usage of ecosystems’ self-controlling mechanisms, with the progress of science and technology. Agriculture in Poland is one of the most important sectors from an economic perspective and its importance is greater in Poland than in other countries in the EU. It has an influence not only on the social and economic situation of the rural population, but also on the natural environment, structure of landscape and biodiversity. From ecological point of view, functions of rural areas are not only being a place for production of food, resources for industry and green energy, but also supplying environmental goods such as protection of biodiversity and influencing air and water quality as well as landscape. The author presents ways to reduce the pressure of agricultural activities on water resources in the region, catchment and farm scale
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Singh, Neelam, Suresh Jain, and Prateek Sharma. "Environmental benchmarking practices in Indian industries." Benchmarking: An International Journal 23, no. 5 (July 4, 2016): 1132–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-08-2014-0079.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to understand whether the adoption of environmental management practices and firm characteristics influence the environmental benchmarking in Indian firms. It further looks into the impact of environmental benchmarking practices on firms’ environmental performance. Design/methodology/approach – The study conducts a research survey to obtain the practitioner’s responses on the different aspects of environmental benchmarking. The survey data of 104 firms provide an empirical basis to investigate different research hypotheses using statistical techniques. Findings – The results indicate that the firms which implement environmental management practices are more likely to adopt environmental benchmarking in one or more areas of their operations. The findings signify that firms which benchmarks for environmental purposes are more likely to have better environmental performance. The study confirms that large firms have significant chances of having environmental benchmarking compared to small and medium sized firms. The firms in different sectors have different relative preference to eight different areas of environmental benchmarking. However, all these preferences are not significant at 95 per cent confidence level. Research limitations/implications – The research use only qualitative responses on environment management aspects and could be further extended by incorporating the quantitative (emission) data of different industries. Practical implications – The study provides an insight into the environmental benchmarking practices of Indian firms for better management of environmental performance of the firms. Originality/value – The study investigates the experience and attitude of Indian firms to environmental benchmarking based on an empirical research. It adds to the knowledge in the field of environmental benchmarking in developing countries with specific focus on India.
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Saikia, Dilip, and Rupjyoti Borah. "Rural Unorganised Manufacturing Industries in Assam: Some Aspects of Growth, Structural Change and Productivity." Journal of Rural Development 38, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 675. http://dx.doi.org/10.25175/jrd/2019/v38/i4/150761.
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., M. S. Narwal. "AN ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS FOR INDIAN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 03, no. 03 (March 25, 2014): 291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2014.0303055.
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Suta, Éva. "Evaluation of tourism in the Erdőspuszták sub-region." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 20 (May 23, 2006): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/20/3161.
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The Erdőspuszták sub-region established an Association of Local Municipalities in 1992, 10 settlements of which set up the Erdőspuszták Association in 1995, as a voluntary organization. One third of the settlements in Hajdú-Bihar county are handicapped from an economic or infrastructural point of view.Tourism has become the most dynamically developing industrial sector. Unfortunately, in Hungary and, especially, in the eastern region, this way of earning a living is still in its infancy. Nevertheless, these areas possess such untouched natural values, cultural monuments and unexploited possibilities which could attract tourists.In my study, the problem is examined from two aspects. First, interviews with mayors are included, consisting of three questions. The leaders of the settlements were first asked about the impact of EU accession, then the most important development plans were mapped and finally the local tourism plans were investigated. Second, I have made an evaluation of each settlement which reviews the infrastructural and environmental conditions, the accommodation and boarding possibilities offered the different tourist attractions and leisure possibilities.The development of tourism can be an obvious solution to this problem. The toots of tourism entails the creation of job opportunities, the development of infrastructure, the enhancement of living conditions. It has a diverse effect and it contributes to the improvement of living standards in rural areas.Regarding tourism, it can be stated that each settlement has its own image and value, which the citizens are proud of. It has been realized that collaboration between the settlements could greatly contribute to the development of a tourist programme of several days length, as a result of which the guests would spend more time in the region, which would be beneficial to everybody. My suggestion is that the settlements should work out a plan for the development of tourism jointly, in which they would determine the targets, describe the specific development plans and tasks and elaborate the ideas for the different investments.
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Ahiduzzaman, Mohammed, and Abul Sadrul Islam. "Energy Utilization and Environmental Aspects of Rice Processing Industries in Bangladesh." Energies 2, no. 1 (March 12, 2009): 134–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en20100134.
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Nukesheva, A. ZH, and E. V. Kudryashova. "STATE SUPPORT FOR AGRIBUSINESS IN GERMANY: SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC ASPECT." Problems of AgriMarket, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.46666/2020-4-2708-9991.19.
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The purpose of the study is to determine the possibilities of using mechanisms for supporting agribusiness in foreign countries and to develop recommendations for their adaptation in domestic agriculture. The current socio-demographic situation in rural areas of Germany, Kazakhstan and other states, measures of public support are considered. In the EU and Germany, agricultural policy is aimed at intensive development of the industry: increasing the level of innovation in agricultural sector and food industry; maintaining high standards of environmental and animal protection; introduction of advanced scientific developments in the branches of agro-industrial production; supporting the activities of research institutes; increasing contribution to diversifying rural economic development. It was revealed that the aggregated budget of funding sources allows you to control its implementation at all levels from planning to final use. Public administration guarantees a stable income to farmers; an appropriate standard of living comparable to the wealth of other social groups in society; the prospects for the professional activity of entrepreneurs in the countryside; conditions and directions of training of agricultural personnel. Modern challenges, among which the aging of the population employed in agriculture in Europe and Germany, is currently the most important problem, therefore, starting in 2015, a new financial instrument to help young farmers under 40 was included into the main program of assistance to the EU agricultural sector. Analysis of employment indicators in rural areas of Kazakhstan and the experience of public support in Germany made it possible to formulate measures to support agricultural producers, which will change the approach to agricultural labor, its prestige.
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Игнатова, A. Ignatova, Папин, A. Papin, Солодов, and V. Solodov. "Environmental and Technological Aspects of Coke Dust Recycling as Fuel Briquettes." Safety in Technosphere 2, no. 2 (April 25, 2013): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/329.
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Technological schemes related to production of fuel briquettes on the basis of such waste of coke and chemical industries as coke dust and coke sludge are considered. The quality assessment results of produced fuel briquettes are presented.
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Włodarczyk, Renata, and Anna Kwarciak-Kozłowska. "Nanoparticles from the Cosmetics and Medical Industries in Legal and Environmental Aspects." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 21, 2021): 5805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13115805.
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This paper presents the application and role of nanomaterials, with particular emphasis on the cosmetics and medical industries. Methods of obtaining materials at the nanoscale and their characteristic structure, which determines their attractiveness and risk, especially in recent years, have been described. The subject of the work was to indicate the hazards and risks that are associated with the properties of nanomaterials; dimension, and high chemical and physical activity, thus making ways to capture and monitor them difficult. Legal and environmental aspects were taken into account, and the involvement of the European Commission in this subject and the activities carried out in a few European countries as well as in Japan, the USA and Canada were analyzed.
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Andrew, M., T. Jarvis, B. Howard, G. McLeod, S. Robinson, R. Standen, D. Toohey, and A. Williams. "The Environmental Stewardship System (ESS): a generic system for assuring rural environmental performance." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 3 (2007): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea06025.
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The Environmental Stewardship System (ESS) is proposed as a generic assurance system for demonstrating environmental performance. It incorporates Environmental Management Systems (EMS) and is matched to natural resources management (NRM) and catchment targets. ESS is a framework for aligning and clarifying environmental objectives and targets across scales. It operates at the catchment and farm levels, interdependently, focusing on the main industries, mainstream farming methods and whole-farm business management. For farmers, it provides a staged pathway of increasing levels of performance and audit process that they can progress along, up to full ISO 14001. It is a modular system that is expandable to suit the particular operational needs of land managers, industries and catchment agencies. ESS is an inclusive framework for integrating various industry farm management improvement schemes and other management requirements. It is an auditable system to provide recognition to land managers who deliver environmental stewardship. The ESS was developed from the findings of the Murray–Darling Basin Commission’s Watermark Environmental Stewardship Project. By addressing the four major deficiencies in current arrangements for NRM delivery (the Stewardship Standard is poorly defined at the Murray–Darling Basin and at the local scales; reporting of outcomes is poorly aligned across scales; and auditing arrangements are not integrated) ESS has the potential to significantly improve the delivery of NRM within Australia, when the drivers for uptake are strong enough. In particular, it would reinforce and elaborate the Australian regional NRM delivery model at the subregional scale. The ESS provides a national framework for assured agricultural production and rural land management. It is in the public domain for others to draw from or adopt.
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Liu, Chang Qing. "Comparison of Principal Factors between China Actual Environmental Risk (CAER) and China Zero Environmental Risk (CZER): Project Angle." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 2263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.2263.
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Studies on comparison of principal factors between CAER (China Actual Environmental Risk) and CZER (China Zero Environmental Risk) from Project Angle are seldom found, so we studied the theme above in this thesis. By analysis, we have known that on one hand, there are such aspects in common as projects for resources excavation, and refinement, etc., projects for primary industries, other non-living projects, waste disposal, and general management between CAER and CZER. On the other hand, they are different in such aspects as chemical engineering projects and living projects only for CAER, and energy projects and public construction projects only for CZER. And our related advice is as follows: first, strict management on production of waste from such projects as public construction projects, resources excavation and refinement, natural resources, projects for primary industries, and other non-living projects. Secondly great encouragement to environment-friendly technological innovations in waste disposal, etc..
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Mosaferi, Mohammad, Iman Dianat, Mohammad Shaker Khatibi, Sepideh Nemati Mansour, Mohammad Fahiminia, and Ahmad Asl Hashemi. "Review of environmental aspects and waste management of stone cutting and fabrication industries." Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 16, no. 4 (November 26, 2013): 721–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10163-013-0193-y.
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Barbeau, André, Madeleine Roy, Gilles Bernier, Giuseppe Campanella, and Suzanne Paris. "Ecogenetics of Parkinson's Disease: Prevalence and Environmental Aspects in Rural Areas." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 14, no. 1 (February 1987): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100026147.
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Abstract:We make use of the unique combination of a homogeneous genetic and racial origin in the rural population of Quebec and the facilities of free and universal access to medical care, to study the distribution of the prevalence of Parkinson's disease in the 9 rural hydrographic regions of the Province. Through 3 different methods of ascertainment, confirmed by two control probes, we demonstrate that the prevalence of Parkinson's disease is of uneven distribution within rural areas. We further investigated the characteristics of the regions of high prevalence. These regions which are predominantly agricultural and areas of intensive market gardening were also the areas with the highest use of pesticides.
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Nunes, Leonel Jorge Ribeiro, Catarina Isabel Rodrigues Meireles, Carlos José Pinto Gomes, and Nuno Manuel Cabral de Almeida Ribeiro. "Socioeconomic Aspects of the Forests in Portugal: Recent Evolution and Perspectives of Sustainability of the Resource." Forests 10, no. 5 (April 26, 2019): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10050361.
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Portuguese forests have always played an essential role in the socioeconomic development of national rural areas, but also in several forest-based industrial sectors, such as the cork, pulp and paper, and wood panels industries. In addition to these dominant sectors, there are also several other uses for forest timber, such as being the major raw materials to the production of furniture or devoted to the growing biomass pellets production industry. This review article presents the evolution of the forest industrial sector throughout the recent past, and its impact on the development of the rural environment, from a socioeconomic perspective, namely concerning the jobs and value-added creation, as well as the importance of the forest in national industrial development. It shows the importance of sustainable forest management for the development of the rural environment, as an essential sector for the creation of wealth and for the establishment of populations in the interior regions of the country.
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Clout, Hugh. "Aspects of rural change in the United Kingdom." Norois 160, no. 1 (1993): 555–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/noroi.1993.6512.
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Cooke, P. "Some Spatial Aspects of Regulatory and Technological Change in Telecommunication Industries." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 24, no. 5 (May 1992): 683–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a240683.
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This paper makes a contribution to the analysis of regulatory change, an aspect of the broader theoretical debate initiated by the ‘regulation school’ of economic theorists and others. Unlike much of that debate this paper is focused on an empirical field—telecommunications deregulation—and on questions of market strategy rather than those purely of production. After an analysis of the nature and rationale for regulation there is a focus upon the political and economic processes leading to deregulation in the telecommunications industry in the United Kingdom and USA. Attention is directed to ‘natural monopoly’ and ‘public service’ rationales for regulation and the importance of spatial issues is noted. The deregulatory climate and its effects upon computing and communication are then traced out and it is shown how corporate activity is tending towards ‘quasi-regulation’ to reduce competitive and market-based uncertainties.
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Valente, Bianca, Syntia Lemos Cotrim, Ana Carla Fernandes Gasques, Gislaine Camila Lapasini Leal, and Edwin Vladimir Cardoza Galdamez. "SUSTAINABILITY INDICATORS IN INDUSTRIES: A BIBLIOMETRIC REVIEW." Journal on Innovation and Sustainability RISUS 9, no. 3 (October 26, 2018): 38–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24212/2179-3565.2018v9i3p38-52.
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Sustainable development gained prominence in 1992 at the United Nations Conference about Environment and Development, and was presented as a global strategy to ensure society’s access to natural resources. One proposed practice to monitor industrial performance is sustainability indicators, commonly divided into three dimensions: environmental, social and economic. The objective of this work is to present a bibliometric study on the scientific production of Sustainability Indicators (SI) in the Industries, from January 2007 to October 2017. Therefore, the methodology used was Proknow-C, with quantitative and qualitative approach, from the keywords: “Sustainability Indicators” and “Indicators of Sustainability” in the database provided by the Scopus platform. The papers selected for the composition of the final portfolio contribute to the construction of knowledge about the proposed theme, offering a broad view of Sustainability Indicators applied to industries. A total of 28 sustainability indicators were identified, of which 11 are related to the environmental dimension, which correspond to three aspects (water, energy and gases emitted), 7 in the economic dimension, framed in two aspects (present value in the plant and investment) and 10 in the social dimension, corresponding to the aspects of accidents, comfort / safety and training. The survey of the Sustainability Indicators allows establishing guidelines for the construction of a management system aligned with the sustainability dimensions in the industries