Journal articles: 'Environmental aspects of Textile fabrics'

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SĂLIȘTEAN, ADRIAN, and CARMEN MIHAI. "Textile wing fabric for emergency response UAS." Industria Textila 71, no. 04 (August 31, 2020): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.071.04.1762.

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The fabrics used to manufacture parachutes and paragliders must have several specific characteristics: the mass of fabric per unit of surface must be low while the other physical-mechanical characteristics (the axial breaking strength load, the relative and absolute elongation, the tear resistance of the fabric and the assemblies, air permeability) must have high values. The paper deals with the analysis of qualitative aspects of several parachute fabrics that are used as a baseline in the development of a novel fabric. The results of experiments have materialized in statistical data, diagrams and graphs and their interpretation leads to the determination of the fabric variant that best meets the requirements of the destination. The destination is a patent pending inflatable wing design that utilizes a single skin construction and solid reinforcements in the sewing for shape stability. It is worth noting that the experimental results were compared with values indicated in specific international testing norms.

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AILENI, RALUCA MARIA, Laura Chiriac, and Doina Toma. "Statistical analysis of the 3D electroconductive composites based on copper and graphene." Industria Textila 72, no. 02 (April 22, 2021): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.072.02.20207.

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This paper presents several aspects of the multivariate analysis of electroconductive composite based on Copper (Cu) and Graphene. The analysis was developed by using the parameters (dependent and independent variables), which characterize the composite materials with electroconductive properties. The experimental samples were obtained by using 100% cotton fabrics with different structures. The goals followed through the variation of the fabric structures (e.g., plain weave, twill, panama, ribs) were to investigate if the fabric structure or ratio has or not influence on electroconductive properties of the textile materials obtained by conductive coating. The samples created were based on standard, and 3D digital printing technologies, more specifically on the textile surface, have deposited conductive paste containing copper microparticles and graphene filaments. The initial coating with conductive polymeric paste based Cu was developed by scraping of the paste on the fabric. Previously the 3D printing advanced technology by fused deposition modeling (FDM) of the Conductive Graphene filaments was used

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Wilson and Laing. "Fabrics and Garments as Sensors: A Research Update." Sensors 19, no. 16 (August 15, 2019): 3570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19163570.

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Properties critical to the structure of apparel and apparel fabrics (thermal and moisture transfer, elasticity, and flexural rigidity), those related to performance (durability to abrasion, cleaning, and storage), and environmental effects have not been consistently addressed in the research on fabric sensors designed to interact with the human body. These fabric properties need to be acceptable for functionalized fabrics to be effectively used in apparel. Measures of performance such as electrical conductivity, impedance, and/or capacitance have been quantified. That the apparel/human body system involves continuous transient conditions needs to be taken into account when considering performance. This review highlights gaps concerning fabric-related aspects for functionalized apparel and includes information on increasing the inclusion of such aspects. A multidisciplinary approach including experts in chemistry, electronics, textiles, and standard test methods, and the intended end use is key to widespread development and adoption.

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Cheung, Tin Wai, Xue Luo, and Li Li. "Functional design of traditional hollow fibers: opening up a second life of being a medical drug delivery carrier." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 21 (July 28, 2017): 2425–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517517723023.

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Fiber technology has stepped into an essential position in the textile industry. It is forecasted that smart textiles will keep on developing constantly and vigorously. Having a convenient drug delivery system for treating various illnesses and bacterial infections is always in demand. Hollow fibers, which consist of a hollow structure and exceptional characteristics, such as high loading capacity and high surface reactivity, have been considerably used in medical equipment. A pilot study was performed in this paper for opening up environmentally friendly, convenient and repeatable drug delivery functions of industrial, ready-made hollow fibers for sustainable development in various aspects. The hollow fiber drug delivery system of this project is believed to tackle the challenges observed from the traditional drug delivery system, which include the following: (1) replacement of one-time delivery by repeatable drug loading and releasing; (2) loading complex drugs, such as in Chinese medicine; (3) using common materials available in the current textile market. Nylon 6 hollow fiber was the main subject of the pilot study. Its drug loading capability was investigated with the application of woven fabrics via the process of simple and direct drug loading under negative pressure (i.e. vacuum). The antibacterial performance of the drug-loaded fabrics and the drug release kinetics of the hollow fibers were examined.

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Tao, Yifei, Tenghao Li, Chenxiao Yang, Naixiang Wang, Feng Yan, and Li Li. "The Influence of Fiber Cross-Section on Fabric Far-Infrared Properties." Polymers 10, no. 10 (October 14, 2018): 1147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10101147.

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Far-infrared radiation (FIR) possesses various promising properties that are beneficial to an individuals’ health. Exploring the interaction between fiber shapes and FIR performance is thought to be a significant means to develop highly-efficient FIR textile products. In this study, a non-additive triangular polyamide (PA) fiber showed excellent FIR properties in both theoretical simulation and experimental verification aspects. The triangular PA fiber affords a higher probability to facilitate large optical path difference, improving both FIR absorption and emission. Textiles woven with the specific triangular PA fiber achieved a remarkable emissivity of 91.85% and temperature difference of 2.11 Celsius, which is obviously superior to the reference circular fiber (86.72%, 1.52 Celsius). Considering the low cost, environmental stability, facile fabrication, as well as being environmentally friendly, this non-additive triangular PA fiber has great potential for high-performance and cost-effective FIR textiles in the future.

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Hickman, William S. "Environmental aspects of textile processing." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 109, no. 1 (October 22, 2008): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1993.tb01499.x.

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Yang, Keun-Hyeok, Ju-Hyun Mun, and Jae-Uk Lee. "Removal Rates of NOx, SOx, and Fine Dust Particles in Textile Fabrics Coated with Zeolite and Coconut Shell Activated Carbon." Applied Sciences 10, no. 22 (November 12, 2020): 8010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10228010.

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An effective dipping method for coating of textile fabrics with porous materials is proposed on the basis of the use of epoxy solution consisted of resins, crosslinkers, and dilution solutions. The removal rates of nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), and fine dust particles in the coated textile fabrics are accessed. The textile fabrics made of polyester are used to effectively reduce fine dust particles through static electricity. Zeolite and coconut shell activated carbon are used as porous material to reduce SOx and NOx, respectively. The effects of the epoxy content and dilution solution types on the SOx removal rate of textile fabrics coated with zeolite are evaluated to determine the optimum coating conditions. In addition, the effects of external environmental conditions, such as washing and freeze thawing, on the SOx and NOx removal rates of the textile fabrics coated with porous materials using the optimum coating conditions are examined. The test results show that the SOx removal rate of textile fabrics coated with zeolite decreases with the increase in the epoxy content. The decrease is 2.9 times larger for textile fabrics coated using deionized water than those coated using isopropyl alcohol. After one wash, the SOx removal rate decreases dramatically. However, the decrease is reduced by 16% when the epoxy content ratio is increased by 0.5%. The effects of washing and freeze thawing on the SOx and NOx removal rates of textile fabrics coated using the deionized water diluted with the epoxy content ratio of 2% are minimal. Consequently, to maintain stable SOx and NOx removal rates under external environmental conditions such as washing and freeze thawing, 98% deionized water dilution and 2% epoxy content ratio are required for the optimum coating of textile fabrics with zeolite and coconut shell activated carbon.

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SALISTEAN, Adrian, Carmen MIHAI, Irina CRISTIAN, Daniela FARIMA, and Cristina PIROI. "FABRIC FOR SINGLE SKIN TEXTILE WING." TEXTEH Proceedings 2019 (November 5, 2019): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/tt.2019.09.

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The fabrics used to make parachutes and paragliders must have the several specific characteristics: the mass of fabric per unit of surface must be low while the other physical- mechanical characteristics (the axial breaking strength load, the relative and absolute elongation, the tear resistance of the fabric and the assemblies, air permeability) must be at a maximum. The paper deals with the analysis of qualitative aspects of several parachute fabrics that are used as a baseline in the development of a novel fabric. The results of experiments have materialized in statistical data, diagrams and graphs and their interpretation leads to the determination of the fabric variant that best meets the requirements of the destination. The destination is a patent pending inflatable wing design that utilizes a single skin construction and solid reinforcements in the sewing for shape stability. It is worth noting that the experimental results were compared with values indicated in specific international testing norms.

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Kreisel, Thomas, Bernd Froböse, and Andrea Ehrmann. "Influence and stabilization of environmental conditions on teraohmmeter measurements of textile materials." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 15 (January 2020): 155892502090656. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925020906568.

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The conductivity of textile fabrics is not only relevant for highly conductive textile materials, which can be prepared by coatings with fine metal layers or conductive polymers, but it is also of large interest in antistatic or other textiles which necessitate relatively low conductivities. These high resistances are usually in a range of gigaohms to teraohms which is not accessible by common multimeters, but necessitates special teraohmmeters. Although these measurement instruments are not unusual in the textile industry, their applications necessitate knowledge of the measurement principle and especially of the influence of environmental conditions on the measurement results. Here, temperature- and humidity-dependent measurements for temperatures of 20°C/23°C/27°C and relative humidities of 50%/65% with a teraohmmeter on different textile fabrics are shown. The results show not only the strong impact of the environmental conditions, resulting in resistance deviations of more than one order of magnitude, but also give hints on how these environmental conditions can be stabilized to a large amount to enable reliable comparison between different textile materials.

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Nur, Md Golam, M. Forhad Hossain, and Mustafijur Rahman. "Feasibility Study of Integrated Desizing, Scouring and Bleaching of Cotton Woven Fabric with H2O2 and Investigation of Various Physical Properties with Traditionally Treated Fabric." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 33 (November 30, 2016): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n33p26.

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Pre-treatment plays a significant role for the successful coloration of any kind of natural textile fiber like cotton, wool, flax, silk etc. This research work overview the influence of various types of traditional preparation techniques applied on cotton fiber before coloration such as desizing, scouring and bleaching. The traditional pre-treatment processes consume plenty of environmentally unfriendly chemicals those generate pollution in the effluents. In this research work an endeavour has been made to desize, scour and bleach grey cotton woven fabric simultaneously using caustic soda and hydrogen peroxide. The physical properties like whiteness, percent loss in fabric weight, tensile strength of the treated fabric have been compared with those of the fabric treated to conventional desizing, scouring and bleaching process. It is observed that the whiteness (ready for colouration) obtained by this process is quite satisfactory. Moreover, this process has some other merits such as ecological, economical, energy conserving and time saving aspect.

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Sevost’yanov, P. A., and T. A. Samoilova. "Model and Energy Aspects for Propagation of Strain and Mechanical Stresses in Textile Fabrics." Fibre Chemistry 50, no. 2 (July 2018): 108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10692-018-9942-y.

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Radulescu, Ion Razvan, Lilioara Surdu, Bogdana Mitu, Cristian Morari, Marian Costea, and Nicolae Golovanov. "Conductive textile structures and their contribution to electromagnetic shielding effectiveness." Industria Textila 71, no. 05 (October 28, 2020): 432–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.071.05.1783.

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Fabrics for electromagnetic shielding are especially relevant in nowadays context, contributing to human’s protection and wellbeing and to proper functioning of electronic equipment, in relation to electromagnetic compatibility. Fabrics with electromagnetic shielding properties employ two main technologies, namely insertion of conductive yarns and application of conductive coatings. Magnetron sputtering is a modern technology to enable conductive coatings with thickness in the range of nanometers onto fabrics. This paper aims to analyze contribution of various conductive textile structures out of both fabrics with inserted conductive yarns and coatings to Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMSE). EMSE was measured in the frequency range of 0.1–1000 MHz by using a TEM cell according to standard ASTM ES-07. Results show a gain of 10–25 dB when introducing silver yarns in warp/ weft direction, a variation of 5–35 dB between conductive yarns out of silver and stainless steel and an up to 12 dB gain out of thin copper coating by magnetron plasma onto the fabrics with inserted conductive yarns

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Hasani, Hossein, Sanaz Hassanzadeh, Mohammad Javad Abghary, and Elahe Omrani. "Biaxial weft-knitted fabrics as composite reinforcements: A review." Journal of Industrial Textiles 46, no. 7 (July 28, 2016): 1439–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083715624256.

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Textile products are considered as an acceptable alternative for commonly used composite reinforcement due to their lightweight as well as relatively high specific strength and stiffness. Among the variety of textile structures which could be employed in composite manufacturing, the role of weft-knitted fabrics is almost very limited. This is because employing the weft-knitting technology would provide such structures with inferior mechanical properties due to their highly looped construction as well as low fiber volume fraction. But on other hand, it is important to be noted that some advantages such as high energy absorption, good impact resistance, and formability of knitted structures made the researchers to focus on investigating different methods by which the inferior mechanical properties of ordinary weft-knitted fabrics could be improved. Inserting the reinforcing yarns through the warp and weft direction of the knitted fabrics is considered as one of the effective solution for improving their mechanical behavior which eventually leads to a high potential product called as biaxial weft-knitted fabrics. In this literature, it is aimed to review different aspects of novel designed biaxial weft-knitted fabrics which could be suitable for a broad area of technical application such as composite reinforcements.

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Kazani, Ilda, Ilda Kazani, Gilbert De Mey, Carla Hertleer, Lieva Van Langenhove, and Genti Guxho. "Influence of Screen Printed Layers on the Thermal Conductivity of Textile Fabrics." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 26, no. 5(131) (October 31, 2018): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.2534.

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In the smart textile field the combination of textile and metallic materials is rising. In order to conduct electricity in textile, different methods are used. This paper deals with a new measuring method to determine the lateral thermal conductivity of a textile fabric. The technique starts by measuring the temperature distribution on the fabric using a thermographic camera. In addition to that, the method outlined in this paper will also allow to determine the change in thermal conductivity when an electric conducting layer has been screen printed on a textile fabric

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Al-Etaibi, Alya M., and Morsy Ahmed El-Apasery. "Ultrasonic Dyeing of Polyester Fabric with Azo Disperse Dyes Clubbed with Pyridonones and Its UV Protection Performance." Chemistry 3, no. 3 (August 24, 2021): 889–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemistry3030065.

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The textile sector is closely linked to environmental pollution as a result of the use of toxic chemicals and their disposal in liquid waste, which negatively affects for the environment. Moreover, textile industries, especially wet processing, consume a large amount of energy, water, and chemical auxiliaries. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a solution that takes the problem of environmental pollution into account. Considering ultrasound as an environmentally safe alternative for dyeing polyester fabrics with the disperse dyes that we have prepared before, the comparison between the ultrasonic dyeing method and conventional dyeing at low temperatures was investigated. Dye exhaustion on polyester fabrics and fastness properties such as the washing, rubbing, light, and perspiration of all of the dyed fabrics were performed by two dyeing methods. Additionally, the ultraviolet protection factors (UPF) for dyed polyester fabrics were evaluated.

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Fan, J. T., M. Sarkar, and Q. Chen. "Biomimetics of tree-shaped branching structure in textile fabrics." International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 5, no. 3 (June 19, 2010): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/dne-v5-n3-221-229.

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Petrulyte, Salvinija, and Donatas Petrulis. "Lithuanian Folk Textile Heritage: Expressive Possibilities of Designs." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 26, no. 4(130) (August 31, 2018): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.1324.

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Lithuanian folk textile heritage is an important part of world culture heritage, on which various ideas and traditions are imprinted with the emphasis on the education of selfconsciousness of society and preservation of national identity. This paper deals with a complex analysis of Lithuanian national fabrics, the data of which have been collected by the authors’ abundant expeditions into Lithuanian rural territories. The current research presents the peculiarities of designs, colours and ornamentation of authentic woven textile manufactured since the middle of the 19th century up to now. The significance of this study is that it investigates only authentic textiles obtained from weavers or their relatives in Lithuanian villages, and the presence of these articles has been undisclosed up to now. This research presents collected, registered and investigated data concerning colours, ornamentation and patterns as expressive possibilities of designs of Lithuanian folk textile: dimai and pick-up fabrics. The current analysis discovers new features of originality of the national fabrics.

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Yang, Kai, Ming Li Jiao, and Hong Yan Tu. "Moisture Comfort Property of Fine Denier Polypropylene Fiber in Different Environmental Temperature Conditions." Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (February 2012): 2132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.2132.

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Moisture handling property of clothes using fiber is an important factor determininig clothes comfort property. In this paper, the moisture comfort property of fine denier polypropylene fiber fabric in different environmental temperature conditions was studied. By Textile-Microclimate Measuring Instrument, five kinds of test fabrics' dynamic experiments were performed in four different environmental temperature conditions. And fabrics' dynamic comprehensive index was obtained to characterize fabrics' dynamic moisture comfort property. Then, grey system theory was introduced to establish models that could describe the relationship between the static parameters and the dynamic comprehensive index. Results show that the dynamic moisture comfort property of fine denier polypropylene fiber fabric is the best. And fabrics with lower thickness, lower weight, and higher vertical wicking height will be more moisture-comfortable.

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Goynes, W. R., E. E. Graves, W. Tao, G. F. D'Anna, M. P. Day, and V. Yachmenev. "SEM Evaluation of Chemically Finished Nonwoven Fabrics from Recycled Fibers." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (August 2000): 770–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600036345.

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The textile industry produces large quantities of waste and scrap materials. Most of this waste requires disposal. Both environmental and economic benefits could be derived by developing commercial products to use these materials. Environmentally acceptable textile products include those that utilize recycled materials, or materials that have not been chemically processed. Such products are often not economically profitable because of the added expense necessary for environmental protection. Development of such a cost-effective textile product requires use of low-cost materials, minimal cost production processes, and finishes that have already been developed and tested.The objective of this research was to develop a semi-disposable, economical, light-weight, comfortable thermal blanket that would be both flame-resistant and antibacterial through a limited number of laundry cycles. Targeted uses would be in medical and health care facilities, disaster relief centers, short term and emergency housing needs, recreational areas such as camping, and in military maneuvers where environmental conditions could be harmful to long-term products.

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Massella, Daniele, Stéphane Giraud, Jinping Guan, Ada Ferri, and Fabien Salaün. "Textiles for health: a review of textile fabrics treated with chitosan microcapsules." Environmental Chemistry Letters 17, no. 4 (August 21, 2019): 1787–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10311-019-00913-w.

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Budeanu, Ramona, Antonela Curteza, and Cezar Doru Radu. "Experimental Researches Regarding the Ecological Dyeing with Natural Extracts." Autex Research Journal 14, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 290–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aut-2014-0029.

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Abstract The concept of ‘environmental awareness’ has recently had a major impact on the textile industry and on the fashion world as well. In this context, the use of natural fibres and the development of natural dyeing processes gradually became important goals of the textile industry. Of all natural textile fibres, hemp is considered to be one of the strongest and most durable. A wide range of natural extracts have been used for natural textile coloration and dyeing. Dyes deriving from natural sources have emerged as an important alternative to synthetic dyes. Ecofriendly, nontoxic, sustainable and renewable natural dyes and pigments have been used for colouring the food substrate, leather, wood, natural fibres and fabrics from the dawn of human history. The purpose of the research is to obtain ecologically coloured fabrics for textiles by using a method of dyeing that relies on natural ingredients extracted from red beet, onion leaves and black tea. The experiments are conducted on three different types of hemp fabrics. This paper presents the results of the studies regarding the dyeing process of hemp fabrics with natural extracts, the colours of the dyed samples inspected with reflectance spectra and the CIE L*a*b* colour space measurements.

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Wood, Jane. "Bioinspiration in Fashion—A Review." Biomimetics 4, no. 1 (February 12, 2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics4010016.

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This paper provides an overview of the main technologies currently being investigated in the textile industry as alternatives to contemporary fashion fabrics. The present status of the textile industry and its impact on the environment is discussed, and the key drivers for change are highlighted. Historical use of bioinspiration in synthetic textiles is evaluated, with the impact of these developments on the fashion and apparel industries described. The review then discusses the move to nature as a supplier of new fabric sources with several alternatives explored, drawing special attention to the sustainability and performance aspects of these new sources.

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Memon, Hafeezullah, Sohail Yasin, Nazakat Ali Khoso, and Munir Hussain. "Indoor Decontamination Textiles by Photocatalytic Oxidation: A Review." Journal of Nanotechnology 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/104142.

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A large number of researches have been made to make the textile intelligent and smarter; this is achieved by imparting functionality to the textile materials. The indoor environment possesses a variety of pollutants which do not come from the outer environment, but they come from the inner environment itself. Today, the smarter fabrics that may clean the indoor air have been studied by various researchers. The smarter fabrics contain the nanocoating of semiconductor oxides, mostly TiO2; thus the synthesis and application of these nanoparticles on the textile material have been reviewed in this paper. Moreover, there are lots of environmental and health issues regarding nanoparticles that have also been discussed in brief.

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Wang, Ning Ning, Jia Ying Sun, and Cheng Yan Zhu. "Environmental Corrosion Resistance of Textile Reinforced Composites in Seawater." Materials Science Forum 813 (March 2015): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.813.140.

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In order to study on mechanical performance as the target of environmental corrosion resistance property, three kinds of glass fiber fabrics like biaxial warp knitted fabric, biaxial stitch-bonded felt and three axial warp knitted fabric were used to prepare textile reinforced composites in five layers laminated structure, which were soaked in seawater environment for 180 days. The result showed that, the surface appearance of textile reinforced composite became muddy and the color became darker, the tensile strength and bending strength of composites decline of the whole with the extension of soak time, the average loss rate of tensile and bending performance are respectively 24.8% and 56.5%, all of these provide the theoretical basis for researching and developing high-quality composite materials.

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Vellingiri, K., T. Ramachandran, and P. Senthilkumar. "Functional characteristics of textile fabrics by plasma-nano treatment." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 26, no. 6 (October 28, 2014): 456–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-05-2013-0053.

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Purpose – Any change in physical performance of the fibre corresponds to a change in its molecular structure. Basically polyester is hydrophobic in nature due to the absence of attracting polar groups and the dense packing in its polymeric structure. Due to the dense packing in polymeric structure and lack of hydroxyl groups of polyester it does not absorb water hence breathability is poor. The possibility of using air and oxygen plasma treatments for fibre surface activation to facilitate the improvement of hydrophilicity is attempted and has been improved. The purpose of this paper is to study the possibility of engineering the multifunctional of fabrics. Design/methodology/approach – The treated fabric is evaluated through measuring the ultraviolet protection factor, thermal resistance, and antibacterial activity properties. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy graphs show deposition of nano particles (NPs) of Chitosan, TiO2 and ZnO onto the fibre after washing several times. Findings – Air plasma-nano Chitosan treatment affects positively the antibacterial activity, thermal resistance of the fibre and air plasma-nano TiO2 and ZnO the fibre protection against ultraviolet rays. Furthermore, the plasma treatment solves an environmental problem which offers safe production process and working place and decreases the unit cost. Originality/Value – The authors are confident that textiles will adopt this technology in the future.

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Sockalingam, Subramani, Sanjib C. Chowdhury, John W. Gillespie, and Michael Keefe. "Recent advances in modeling and experiments of Kevlar ballistic fibrils, fibers, yarns and flexible woven textile fabrics – a review." Textile Research Journal 87, no. 8 (May 2, 2016): 984–1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516646039.

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Ballistic impact onto flexible woven textile fabrics is a complicated multi-scale problem given the structural hierarchy of the materials, anisotropic material behavior, projectile geometry–fabric interactions, impact velocity and boundary conditions. Although this subject has been an active area of research for decades, the fundamental mechanisms, such as material failure, dynamic response and multi-axial loading occurring at the lower length scales during impact, are not well understood. This paper reviews the recent advances in modeling and experiments of Kevlar ballistic fibrils, fibers, yarns and flexible woven textile fabrics pertinent to the deformation modes occurring during impact and serves to identify topics worthy of further investigation that will advance the basic understanding of the phenomena governing transverse impact. This review also explores aspects such as homogeneous versus heterogeneous behavior of yarns consisting of individual fibers and the inelastic transverse behavior of the fiber, which is not considered in the previous review papers on this topic.

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Ashir, Moniruddoza, Cornelia Sennewald, Gerald Hoffmann, and Chokr Cherif. "Development of Woven Spacer Fabrics Based on Steel Wires and Carbon Rovings." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 25 (February 28, 2017): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.1710.

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Woven spacer fabrics are used as reinforcing materials for fiber-reinforced plastics. These fabrics consist of mostly pliable textile fibers, which still require defined rigidity for different crash applications. In this regard, multi-material woven spacer fabrics present a promising approach. This paper presents the development of multi-material woven spacer fabrics using steel wire and carbon rovings. For the development of such woven spacer fabrics, a systematic structure realization based on the weave pattern was performed. Selected structures were produced on a modified weaving machine.

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Mohamad Azminor, Amir Hafizin, Nurul Syafiqah Zabidi, and Bibi Intan Suraya Murat. "Tensile and Impact Properties of Hybrid Composites from Textile Waste." Scientific Research Journal 18, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v18i1.11390.

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The rise of the textile industry in global fashion has caused a high level of post-consumer textile waste generation. Every year, million tons of textile waste has been sent to landfills that consequently leading to environmental pollution. This study aimed to use the textile waste for the development of hybrid composite laminate, together with the existing commercially available fibreglass. This research investigated the tensile properties and impact strength of textile waste hybrid composites. Three textile variants were used in this study, which is lycra, polyester and cotton, and they were either chopped or used as a full fabric. Hand lay-up and hot press technique were used to produce the sample materials, using epoxy resin as the binder. A total of 9 samples were prepared and their tensile and impact properties were assessed. Tensile test results showed that all hybrid composites have a better ultimate tensile strength and tensile modulus compared to their original raw fabrics, but not on the elongation property. It can be seen that the arrangement of fabrics has a distinctive effect on tensile and impact strength. All raw fabrics were greatly punctured during the failure, but all hybrid composites have barely visible impact damage on the front surface, and no penetration was observed. This study reveals that the reuse of textile waste and fibreglass for the development of hybrid composites has a huge potential to be used as substitutes in other composite materials. In the future, this will contribute to improving the sustainability of textile materials.

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Vashist, Paribha, Santanu Basak, and Wazed Ali. "Bark Extracts as Multifunctional Finishing Agents for Technical Textiles: A Scientific Review." AATCC Journal of Research 8, no. 2 (March 1, 2021): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14504/ajr.8.2.4.

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Bark extracts are important sources of natural dyes. They possess many functional properties of potential interest to the textile industry. Currently, textiles with eco-friendly functional finishing are increasingly sought for in medical and protective clothing due to stringent environmental laws and the associated toxicity of synthetic agents. In view of this, recent studies on bark extracts for multi-functional finishing of textiles, particularly for antimicrobial and UV protective finishing, is reviewed. Bark extracts from various trees are able to effectively impart antimicrobial resistance and UV protection properties to treated fabrics; however, their long-term sustenance and strength depend on a multitude of factors. However, the application of bark extracts on several types of textile fabrics have no significant impact on textile quality.

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Basaran, Fatma Nur, and Gulsen Sefika Berber. "COLOR FACTOR IN THE RELIEF PERCEPTION OF WOVEN FABRICS." International Journal of New Trends in Social Sciences 2, no. 2 (December 28, 2018): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/ijntss.v2i2.3870.

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Color is a phenomenon which is perceived through the amount of the presence of light and it may show variability depending on a lot of different factor. These factors can be sorted as color of the surrounding place, environmental factors, intensity of the enlightening light source, incidence angle of the light, form and direction of incidence, amount of light etc. Visual perception of the color in textile fabrics is absorbation of some part of the light which falls on fabrics and detraction of the other part through reflection. The reason why textile seems colored in here is it’s reflecting light. Light is a pathfinder for distinction and identification of color, volume and fiber connections of relief surfaces. Color is a design element which presents wide options for weaving and provides dynamism on the surface via light reflections during creation process. Relief perception in textile fabrics is able to be strengthened with numerouseffects by being evaluated diversely, in terms of material (raw material type that is used, properties of warp and weft strings) and in terms of manufacturing methods (construction and technique of braid during weaving, special techniques that are applied after weaving), thus the light being obtained is able to create different perceptions via numerous effects like shadow, fiber, volume etc. Encolouring on textiles can be fulfilled by both using the colored strings and materials during manufacturing process and putting textiles to some special practices like painting or printing. When the visual and physical properties which make up textile fabrics are taken into account, it turns out that color makes visual contribution rather than physical value. In this study, relief effect in the textile fabric is examined only with the color factor. In the study that is prepared by using descriptive research method, the contribution of colour factor in terms of material and production methods to relief effect is explained with appropriate examples. Keywords: Relief, weaving, textile, color, volume

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Torreblanca González, José, Raúl García Ovejero, Álvaro Lozano Murciego, Gabriel Villarrubia González, and Juan F. De Paz. "Effects of Environmental Conditions and Composition on the Electrical Properties of Textile Fabrics." Sensors 19, no. 23 (November 24, 2019): 5145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19235145.

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In our day to day life, the environmental conditions, and especially the temperature and humidity of the air that surrounds us, go unnoticed. However, in many cases, these parameters play an important role in the use of materials since they modify their electrical properties. It is necessary to predict what this behaviour will be as these environmental conditions can introduce or improve desirable properties in the material, especially of textiles. The nature of these is to be dielectric, and therefore have a minimal DC electrical conductivity that is currently impossible to measure directly, so a methodology has been proposed to obtain the DC electrical resistivity through the method of discharging a condenser. For this purpose, a system was developed based on a static voltmeter, a climatic chamber and a control and data capture units. In order to validate the proposed system and methodology a study using both is described in this work. The study made it possible to verify that the most influential factor in establishing the values of the electrical parameters of a textile material is the nature of the fibres of which it is composed, although the influence of environmental conditions in fibres is also significant.

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Riauka, Aurimas, Algirdas Žemaitaitis, Rima Klimavičiūtė, Reda Skrebiškienė, and Regina Ramenytė. "PURIFICATION AND REUSE OF COLOURED TEXTILE WASTEWATER." JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT 14, no. 1 (March 31, 2006): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2006.9636877.

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Wastewater of baths after an exhaust dyeing of cotton knitted fabric with reactive dyestuffs, soaping and rinsing was investigated. It was found that the wastewater of rinsing baths after dyeing in a light shade, which had a small amount of dyes and electrolytes, could be used for dyeing or rinsing after dyeing in a dark shade. The dyes present in the wastewater can be removed by treatment with cross‐linked cationic starch (CCS) with a degree of substitution of about 0,3. In all cases wastewater must be filtered before reuse. Such a wastewater was used for dyeing of cotton knitted fabrics in a dark shade with a laboratory apparatus. It was found that the use of wastewater in the dyeing process was risky because in some cases the colour of coloured products did not satisfy colour standards. Filtered wastewater as well as that treated with CCS were used for rinsing after dyeing of cotton and viscose knitted fabrics in a dark shade with reactive dyestuffs in industrial‐scale experiments. The colour of dyed textiles satisfied colour standards, and the colour fastness to rubbing was good.

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DUMITRESCU, IULIANA, OVIDIU-GEORGE IORDACHE, CORNELIA-ELENA MITRAN, ELENA PERDUM, IRINA-MARIANA SĂNDULACHE, LUCIA OANA SECĂREANU, LAURENȚIU CHRISTIAN DINCĂ, ARCADII SOBETKII, and LUCIAN DIAMANDESCU. "Attempts to improve the self-cleaning effect of the textile materials." Industria Textila 71, no. 03 (June 28, 2020): 252–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.071.03.1626.

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The objective of this study is to investigate the methods to create durable self-cleaning textiles by coating fabrics with TiO2-(1%)Fe-N-graphene (2%). To improve the adherence of the nanoparticles, the polyester/cotton woven fabrics were pre-treated with polyacrylic acid (PA), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and polyethylene polyamine resin (EZF). The pre-treated materials were immersed in a doped TiO2 for 30 minutes at 40oC and dried at 125oC. The finished fabrics were stained with methylene blue dye and exposed to visible light. The SEM images show the presence of particles on polymers layers firmly attached on the material surface. The treatments determine the decrease of the exothermic peak (452.48oC), characteristic of the cellulose decomposition, demonstrating an increase of the thermal conductivity of the materials. The doped TiO2-graphene induces a double degradation of methylene blue in comparison with untreated material and the materials treated with CMC, polyacrylic acid and cationic polymer. The effect is maintained after washing

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Thomas, Nicholas. "‘Specimens of Bark Cloth, 1769’: the travels of textiles collected on Cook’s first voyage." Journal of the History of Collections 31, no. 2 (June 19, 2018): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhc/fhy009.

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Abstract The voyages of Captain James Cook (1728–1779) inaugurated, among manifold historical processes, an encounter of textile traditions. Pacific Islanders were keenly interested in European fabrics; Europeans were fascinated by Oceanic textiles such as beaten bark cloth, which was extensively collected from Cook’s first voyage onwards. Among manifestations of European interest, bark cloth sample books such as those produced as multiples by Alexander Shaw in 1787 have been a focus of research and curatorial activity in recent years. This essay considers a recently-identified book of specimens which pre-dates Shaw’s by some fifteen years. It exemplifies a brief but seemingly intense European interest in Polynesian bark cloth, embracing the fabrics’ technical, material, aesthetic, social and ritual aspects.

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Martí, Meritxell, Jaime Gisbert-Paya, Mª Ángeles Bonet-Aracil, Petar Jovančić, Manuel J. Lis, and Luisa Coderch. "Increased Comfort of Polyester Fabrics." Polymers 13, no. 17 (September 6, 2021): 3010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13173010.

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The hydrophilicity of fibers is directly related to the comfort of a fabric and represents one of the most important aspects of a textile. Therefore, polyester (PES) modification has focused on an increase in moisture content and a subsequent improvement of the user’s experience. Based on the glycerol hygroscopic properties, the main objective has been the enhancement of the hydrophilicity of polyester by glycerol treatments. Furthermore, microwave irradiation and alkaline treatment have been applied, in order to increase glycerol adhesion. Treated PES samples were characterized by performing moisture content, negative ion, water diffusion and water vapor resistance analyses. The effect of different treatment conditions such as bath ratio (1/10 or 1/15), temperature (40, 60 or 100 °C), time (2 or 5 min) and microwave radiation intensity (300 or 500 W) was evaluated. The moisture content of treated PES results indicated that by decreasing the bath ratio and increasing the time and temperature the moisture gain can reach almost 14%, which can be easily related to increases in the weight of the fiber. The treatment with alkali was done and led to the highest moisture increase. Treatment with 500 W microwave irradiation led to higher glycerol retention after rinsing. Different experimental conditions were applied to the glycerol-treated PES fabrics, and a clear improvement in moisture content was obtained increasing the comfort. The results were compared with the ones obtained for cotton and wool, where the moisture is higher than non treated PES.

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Wyller, Maria, Maria Yablonina, Martin Alvarez, and Achim Menges. "Adaptive kinematic textile architecture." Construction Robotics 4, no. 3-4 (November 30, 2020): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41693-020-00046-5.

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AbstractThe research presented in this paper explores how textiles can be formed into adaptive, kinematic spaces to be able to respond to its environment and users utilizing on-site, distributed, mobile robotic connectors. The project aimed at creating an adaptive system that consumes little energy while making use of textiles’ advantageous qualities—their lightweight, portability, and manipulability. This was achieved through the development of a bespoke on-material mobile machine able to locomote on suspended sheets of fabrics while shaping them. Together, the connector and the tectonic system compose a lightweight architectural robot controlled with a feedback loop that evaluates real-time environmental sensor data from the space against user-defined targets. This research demonstrates how the combination of mobile robotics and textile architecture opens up new design possibilities for adaptive spaces by proposing a system that is able to generate a significant architectural effect with minimal mechanical actuation.

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Aldalbahi, Ali, Mehrez E. El-Naggar, Mohamed H. El-Newehy, Mostafizur Rahaman, Mohammad Rafe Hatshan, and Tawfik A. Khattab. "Effects of Technical Textiles and Synthetic Nanofibers on Environmental Pollution." Polymers 13, no. 1 (January 3, 2021): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13010155.

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Textile manufacturing has been one of the highest polluting industrial sectors. It represents about one-fifth of worldwide industrial water pollution. It uses a huge number of chemicals, numerous of which are carcinogenic. The textile industry releases many harmful chemicals, such as heavy metals and formaldehyde, into water streams and soil, as well as toxic gases such as suspended particulate matter and sulphur dioxide to air. These hazardous wastes, may cause diseases and severe problems to human health such as respiratory and heart diseases. Pollution caused by the worldwide textile manufacturing units results in unimaginable harm, such as textile polymers, auxiliaries and dyes, to the environment. This review presents a systematic and comprehensive survey of all recently produced high-performance textiles; and will therefore assist a deeper understanding of technical textiles providing a bridge between manufacturer and end-user. Moreover, the achievements in advanced applications of textile material will be extensively studied. Many classes of technical textiles were proved in a variety of applications of different fields. The introductory material- and process-correlated identifications regarding raw materials and their transformation into yarns, fibers and fabrics followed by dyeing, printing, finishing of technical textiles and their further processing will be explored. Thus, the environmental impacts of technical textiles on soil, air and water are discussed.

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WANTANEEPORN, NONGNUCH, SUWANRUJI POTJANART, and SETTHAYANOND JANTIP. "Colour properties of cigarette smoke-exposed cotton and silk fabrics and their nicotine release." Industria Textila 69, no. 04 (September 1, 2018): 328–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.069.04.1396.

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Exposure to cigarette smoke caused colour change to undyed cotton and silk fabrics by a yellowing effect. The degree of yellowing was more dominant on cotton fabric. When the dyed fabrics were subjected to cigarette smoke, a more pronounced effect was observed on the pale shade dyed fabrics. Shade alteration was inversely related to the colour strength of the dyed fabrics. In addition, a longer exposure time also induced colour change in the fabrics while the colour strength of the dyed fabrics was unaffected. Nicotine release from the cigarette smoke-exposed fabrics in the wet state was studied in different aqueous media, viz. water, buffer solutions (pH 5.5 and 8.0) and artificial sweats (acid and alkaline) in order to reflect the potential risk to textile users of the toxicants from textiles contaminated with cigarette smoke.

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Sülar, Vildan, and Gökberk Devrim. "Biodegradation Behaviour of Different Textile Fibres: Visual, Morphological, Structural Properties and Soil Analyses." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 27, no. 1(133) (February 28, 2019): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7751.

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The biodegradation of fabrics of various types of fibres: cotton (CO), viscose (CV), Modal (CMD), Tencel (CLY), polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene teraphtalate (PET) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN)) under the attack of microorganisms were studied using the soil burial method for two different burial intervals (1 month and 4 months). As opposed to previous studies, all analyses were simultaneously conducted for both of the buried fabrics and soil samples so as to examine the biodegradation and environmental effect as a whole in the same study. Visual observations, weight losses, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to examine the biodegradation behaviour. The total organic carbon (TOC), the total number of bacteria and the total number of fungi in the soil samples were studied to understand the soil content during the degradation of the fibres. The study revealed that the cellulosic fabric samples changed both physically and chemically even after 1 month. Among the cellulosic fibres, weight losses of modal, cotton, and viscose fabrics were close to 90%, showing high degradation, whereas Tencel fibre had the lowest with 60% for a 4 month burial interval. Within the synthetic fabrics, only PLA fabric lost weight.

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Kumar, Jeyaraman Anandha, and M. Senthil Kumar. "Optimisation of the Sublimation Textile Printing Process Using the Taguchi Method." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 29, no. 1(145) (February 28, 2021): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.5049.

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In this paper, printing parameters for the sublimation printing of polyester fabrics like the number of strokes, the sublimation paper weight in grams per square metre, the fusing temperature and time were optimised using the Tauguchi experimental design technique. In the evaluations the signal-to-noise ratio was used. Sixteen experiments were performed with respect to the L 16 Orthogonal array design for the Tauguchi approach. The results show a considerable improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio as compared to the initial conditions. Through this study, not only can optimum printing conditions for sublimation printed polyester fabrics be obtained but also the significant factors that affect water vapour resistance.

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Novakovic, Milada, Lana Putic, Matejka Bizjak, and Snezana Stankovic. "Moisture management properties of plain knitted fabrics made of natural and regenerated cellulose fibres." Chemical Industry 69, no. 2 (2015): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind140201034n.

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Moisture management is a complicated process which is known to be influenced by a variety of fabric characteristics such as fibre nature (hydrophilic or hydrophobic), porosity and thickness. There are different aspects of the moisture management properties of textile materials since water transport in textile materials can be in the form of liquid and vapour. The ability of textile materials to transfer water vapour allows the human body to keep thermal balance due to evaporation. With stronger physical activity of a person when the body produces a large amount of heat, the skin perspiration increases (in order to regulate the body temperature) and liquid sweat should be taken from the skin, otherwise it will worsen the sense of comfort. The aim of this research was to investigate the factors influencing moisture management properties of plain knitted fabrics at the three scale levels, i.e. microscopic (fibre type), mesoscopic (yarn geometry) and macroscopic (fabric porosity) levels. Plain knitted fabrics were produced from the two-assembled hemp, cotton and viscose yarns under controlled conditions so as to be comparable in basic construction characteristics, but varying in yarns geometry. Evaporative resistance test reflecting vapour transport and water distribution test reflecting liquid transport in the knitted fabrics were conducted. To determine the statistical importance of the results, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied. As a consequence of the geometry and deformation behaviour of the fibres used and spinning techniques applied, the yarns differed in both packing density and surface geometry, thus determining the pore distribution. Due to loose structure of the cotton yarn, the cotton knitted fabric was characterised by the lowest free open surface (macroporosity) exhibiting the lowest both water vapour and liquid permeability. Although having the highest macroporosity, the water vapour and liquid transport capability of the hemp knitted fabric was lower than that of the viscose knit. The best moisture management properties of the viscose knitted fabric were resulted from viscose affinity for water absorption and increased surface area of the viscose yarn. The results obtained proved that variations in any of the hierarchical structure levels can modify moisture transport ability of textile fabrics. Therefore, the moisture management properties of textile materials can be guided in a desired direction by the appropriate selection of fibres and careful design of yarn structure.

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Böttjer, Robin, Jan Lukas Storck, Dominik Vahle, Bennet Brockhagen, Timo Grothe, Sabine Herbst, Karl-Josef Dietz, Anke Rattenholl, Frank Gudermann, and Andrea Ehrmann. "Influence of Textile and Environmental Parameters on Plant Growth on Vertically Mounted Knitted Fabrics." TEKSTILEC 62, no. 3 (September 26, 2019): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.14502/tekstilec2019.62.200-207.

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Lund, Anja, Yunyun Wu, Benji Fenech-Salerno, Felice Torrisi, Tricia Breen Carmichael, and Christian Müller. "Conducting materials as building blocks for electronic textiles." MRS Bulletin 46, no. 6 (June 2021): 491–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s43577-021-00117-0.

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Abstract To realize the full gamut of functions that are envisaged for electronic textiles (e-textiles) a range of semiconducting, conducting and electrochemically active materials are needed. This article will discuss how metals, conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes, and two-dimensional (2D) materials, including graphene and MXenes, can be used in concert to create e-textile materials, from fibers and yarns to patterned fabrics. Many of the most promising architectures utilize several classes of materials (e.g., elastic fibers composed of a conducting material and a stretchable polymer, or textile devices constructed with conducting polymers or 2D materials and metal electrodes). While an increasing number of materials and devices display a promising degree of wash and wear resistance, sustainability aspects of e-textiles will require greater attention. Graphical abstract

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QIAN, JIA-HONG, YU-YING QIU, YI-DUO YANG, YI LI, PING-HUA XU, and LAI-LI WANG. "Accounting and evaluation of chemical footprint of cotton woven fabrics." Industria Textila 71, no. 03 (June 28, 2020): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.071.03.1678.

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The major environmental impacts of textile products tend to arise from emissions of toxic substances in the production phase of the life cycle. The theory of chemical footprint (ChF) can be used to study the environmental impact of textile products and leads a new way to quantitatively assess impacts of toxic substances. In this paper, environmental impacts of 1 kg cotton woven fabric were assessed from yarn to finished fabric in terms of its contributions to the ecological system. The results showed that the total ChF in the calculation boundary associated with ecotoxicity was approximately 41526.10 PAF·m3·d. The largest ChF for cotton woven fabric mainly came from weaving process, followed by cultivation and harvesting and fabric processing phases. Sizing agent and all kinds of base potentially created the large ecotoxicity and there are considerable differences in magnitude from other materials’ ecotoxicity. It also revealed that the selection of auxiliaries was more important than that of dyestuffs. ChF does well in drawing more focus on the source of industry pollution and plays an important role in improving management efficiency in assessing and choosing chemicals.

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Yang, Kai, Ming Li Jiao, Ying Xiong, and Wei Yuan Zhang. "Study on Dynamic Moisture Comfort Property of Fabric in Different Environmental Temperature Conditions." Advanced Materials Research 175-176 (January 2011): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.175-176.529.

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Moisture handling property of fabric has been regarded as a major factor in the comfort performance of clothing in normal use. Especially in different environmental temperature conditions, fabric’s moisture comfort property has different manifestation. In this paper, a series of experiments and analyses were performed on studying the dynamic moisture transferring procedure and evaluating moisture comfort property of fabric under different environmental temperature conditions. By Textile-Microclimate Measuring Instrument, five different fiber fabrics’ dynamic experiments were performed in different environmental temperature conditions. By measuring the real time changes of relative humidity in inner and outer surfaces of test fabrics, fabrics’ dynamic comprehensive index was obtained to characterize fabrics’ dynamic moisture comfort property under different temperature conditions. Finally, grey system theory was introduced to establish models that could describe the relationship between the static parameters and the dynamic comprehensive index. The grey interrelationship analysis was performed firstly to find out the static parameters that have high degree of association with dynamic comprehensive index. And then the grey mathematics modeling method was performed to establish models predicting the dynamic comprehensive index using static parameters. In three different temperature conditions, three different prediction models were built and high predictive precision was obtained.

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Ibrahim, N. A., A. R. El-Gamal, and F. Mahrous. "Improving the Environmental Aspects of Sulphur Dyeing of Cotton Knitted Fabrics." Journal of Natural Fibers 5, no. 3 (September 16, 2008): 238–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15440470802038076.

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Tong, Jiahui, Yuanfang Zhao, Chenxiao Yang, and Li Li. "Comparison of airf low environmental effects on thermal fabrics." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 2 (November 25, 2016): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516677224.

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Smart thermal textiles are becoming increasingly popular and temperature precision is one of the important targets in their industrialization and commercialization. Some thermal products do not rely on temperature sensors but rather the input electric current pulse to achieve thermal control. In this situation, the surrounding environment, especially ventilation, can greatly affect the thermal control process. Therefore, in this paper, a case study of an apparel system will be provided to study the effect of airflow on the heating process of thermal fabric. The relationship between temperature precision and ventilation is determined when the air flows at any angle to the surface of the thermal fabric. The results show that the thermal conductivity is proportional to the wind speed when the wind speed is high; in contrast, when the wind speed is near to zero, the thermal conductivity of the thermal fabric will not proportionally tend to zero as the result of self-generated heat transfer. This research also shows that the air inflow angle and the wind direction has little effect on the heat dissipation of thermal fabric. This research may generate the data archive and become a valuable reference for future soft thermal studies. It is expected that the developed system will span multidisciplinary gaps and contribute to a new form in a precise and controllable way within the textile industry.

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Musa, Nur Syaliza, Nor Liyana Abdurahman, Zahirah Zainal Abidin, Farah Hanim Adnan, and Eryna Nasir. "Comparison between Homemade Stain Remover and Commercial Stain Remover for Textiles." Scientific Research Journal 18, no. 1 (January 25, 2021): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v18i1.11035.

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Stain remover is used to remove or masks stain from textiles. Two types of textile stain removers were compared in this study; store bought and home prepared types. Due to the environmental and health issues associated with commercial household cleaners, as well as costly, there have been attempts by consumer especially housewives to prepare cleaning products by using materials which can be found in the kitchens. Hence, the main objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of home prepared textile stain remover with commercial stain remover by assessing the stain properties on cotton and polyester fabrics. Two different brands of stain remover and easily found materials were applied on these two fabrics. The stains on the fabrics were then assessed according to AATCC Test Method 130 and by using chromameter for the intensity of the stain after cleaning. The results showed that, for the cotton fabric, the most effective stain remover is Commercial Brand 1. Commercial Brand 1 and vinegar with baking soda demonstrated an encouraging effect on polyester fabric. The commercial textile stain remover shows great cleaning effect on both cotton and polyester, while home prepared stain remover has limited ability to clean the stains on cotton. However, its cleaning effect on polyester is equivalent to commercial product.

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Singh, Gagandeep, James Beddow, Christopher Mee, Lidia Maryniak, Eadaoin M. Joyce, and Timothy J. Mason. "Cytotoxicity Study of Textile Fabrics Impregnated With CuO Nanoparticles in Mammalian Cells." International Journal of Toxicology 36, no. 6 (November 2017): 478–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091581817736712.

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Copper and copper compounds have multifunctional properties (antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal) with promising applications. Copper in its nanoparticle (Cu NPs) forms has been widely used in various industrial and commercial applications. In the current research, the cytotoxic effects of textile fabrics impregnated with copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were studied in mammalian cell lines. CuO NPs were impregnated onto textile substrates using 2 different techniques: the sonochemical generation and impregnation of NPs from metal complexes ( insitu) and a “throwing the stones” technology using commercially prepared CuO NPs. The cytotoxicity of these 2 textile fabric types was assayed on human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells and human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) and was evaluated by indirect contact using an MTT assay. The impregnated fabrics were not exposed to the cells, rather their leachates were used to test cytotoxicity. The fabrics were soaked into the growth media for up to 7 days, and the leachates from day 1 and day 7 were incubated with the cell lines for 24 hours prior to the testing. The discharge or leaching from antimicrobial nanomaterials into the surroundings and surface waters is posing a serious environmental threat, which needs to be addressed. Hence, with regard to product safety, it is a good approach to study the fabric leachates rather than the intact material. The results showed that CuO NPs are not toxic to HDF cells. However, cytotoxicity was seen in HepG2 cells with cell viability decreasing by 20% to 25% for all the fabrics after 24 hours.

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MENGÜÇ, GAMZE SÜPÜREN, EYLEN SEMA DALBAŞI, ARIF TANER ÖZGÜNEY, and NILGÜN ÖZDİL. "A comparative study on handle properties of bamboo and cotton fabrics." Industria Textila 70, no. 03 (July 1, 2019): 278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.070.03.1538.

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Softeners are of great importance in textile processing. The aim of this treatment is to achieve a soft handle to facilitate the processability and improve wettability. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect and washing durability of various softeners on handle properties of cotton and bamboo knitted fabrics. Six types of softeners were applied to the fabrics. Moreover, the washing durability of the softeners after 5, 10 and 20 washing cycles were tested. Handle characteristics such as drapeability, kinetic friction coefficient and circular bending rigidity were measured. The results were statistically evaluated. It was determined that softening treatment does not have a successful performance in bamboo fabrics as it has in cotton fabrics.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Environmental aspects of Textile fabrics'

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