Journal articles: 'Environmental education – South Africa – Western Cape'

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Timothy, Andrea, David Coetzee, Christopher Morgan, Margaret Kelaher, Ross Stewart Bailie, and Margie Danchin. "Using an adaptive, codesign approach to strengthen clinic-level immunisation services in Khayelitsha, Western Cape Province, South Africa." BMJ Global Health 6, no. 3 (March 2021): e004004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004004.

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IntroductionOptimal immunisation programme service delivery and childhood vaccine coverage remains an ongoing challenge in South Africa. Previous health systems approaches have made recommendations on how to address identified barriers but detailed local implementation studies are lacking. This study aimed to improve immunisation service delivery in children under 24 months in Khayelitsha, Western Cape Province using an adaptive, co-design approach to assess and improve childhood immunisation service delivery at the clinic level.MethodsA rapid, adaptive approach to identification of barriers and assessment of current childhood immunisation service delivery was developed with three clinics in Khayelitsha, Western Cape Province. This informed a short co-design process with key stakeholders and service providers to develop local interventions targeted at high priority barriers. Interventions were implemented for 4–6 months and evaluated using theory-based evaluation tools. Clinic service delivery, satisfaction and changes to clinic processes and parent engagement and knowledge were measured.ResultsInterventions developed included weekly community immunisation education radio sessions, daily clinic health talks, immunisation education and promotion materials and service provider and parent quality checklists. Evaluation post-intervention showed improvement in parents’/guardians’ knowledge about immunisation, parent engagement and service provider commitment to improvement in service quality. Radio sessions and immunisation education and communication materials were deemed most useful by parents and providers.ConclusionImmunisation service delivery can be strengthened using an adaptive, clinic-led assessment process which can effectively identify barriers, inform co-designed interventions and be evaluated over a short period. This approach provides a framework to guide future local participatory action research to more effectively improve childhood immunisation service delivery and other child health services in under-resourced settings.

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Simons, Abigail, Rajen Govender, Colleen Jayne Saunders, Robyn Singh‐Adriaanse, and Ashley Van Niekerk. "Childhood vulnerability to drowning in the Western Cape, South Africa: Risk differences across age and sex." Child: Care, Health and Development 46, no. 5 (June 5, 2020): 607–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cch.12786.

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Rother, Hanna-Andrea, Juanette John, Caradee Y. Wright, James Irlam, Riëtha Oosthuizen, and Rebecca M. Garland. "Perceptions of Occupational Heat, Sun Exposure, and Health Risk Prevention: A Qualitative Study of Forestry Workers in South Africa." Atmosphere 11, no. 1 (December 28, 2019): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11010037.

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Occupational exposure to heat and solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) threatens the health and wellbeing of outdoor workers. These threats are likely to increase as a result of climate change. This study examined the perceptions of occupational heat and sun exposure and health risk prevention among forestry workers removing alien invasive vegetation in the Western Cape, South Africa. The linkages between workers’ perceptions of heat, solar UVR, and herbicide exposure and impacts under the current climate were investigated to better understand potential adaptation needs under a changing climate. Using focus group discussions and participatory risk mapping, heat stresses identified by workers were either environmental (e.g., lack of shade) or work-related (e.g., wearing required personal protective equipment). Several heat and solar UVR health impacts were reportedly experienced by workers; local indigenous knowledge and coping mechanisms, such as wearing ochre for sun protection, were used to prevent these impacts. Despite workers’ current efforts to protect their health, existing gaps and opportunities to improve working conditions were identified. Institutional structures for improved reporting of adverse events are imperative, together with awareness and education campaigns about the risks associated with working in hot and sunny environments.

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Daniels, Karen, Ulla Forinder, Marina Clarke, Stefanus Snyman, and Karin C. Ringsberg. "Preschool children’s healthy lifestyles: South African parents’ and preschool staff perceptions." Health Education Journal 75, no. 8 (July 28, 2016): 897–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0017896916635834.

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Background: The worldwide growth of non-communicable diseases requires important lifestyle adaptations. The earlier a healthy lifestyle is adopted, the better. Enabling a healthy lifestyle for children during the preschool years ideally involves the cooperation of parents and teachers. Health promotion with parents and teachers is most effective if it takes into consideration their views and opinions, as well as context. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore perceptions of health and healthy lifestyle from the perspective of preschool children’s parents, and the staff caring for children attending preschools in three diverse settings. Design: Qualitative in-depth study. Setting: Preschools in Western Cape Province, South Africa. Method: Data were collected through six focus group discussions and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Parents and staff shared a holistic view of health, agreeing that children and their health were primarily the responsibility of the parents. Informants described their own health and that of children as affected by a variety of interconnected factors, including environmental, economic, social and individual influences. Conclusion: When tailoring a health-promoting education programme, it is important to consider the pre-existing knowledge the participants have and the context in which intervention will take place. There is also a need to structurally address social determinants of health that may be beyond the control of the individuals.

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Onagbiye, Sunday O., Lungiswa P. Tsolekile, and Thandi Puoane. "Knowledge of Non-communicable Disease Risk Factors among Community Health Workers in South Africa." Open Public Health Journal 13, no. 1 (September 22, 2020): 430–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944502013010430.

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Introduction: Community Health Workers play an important role in supporting patients with chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), therefore they need to be constantly updated with current knowledge to enable them to perform their activities effectively. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge of NCDs risk factors among Community Health Workers (CHWs) in South Africa. Methodology: A triple “A” approach (assessment, analysis, and action) was used among 40 CHWs working with patients with chronic non-communicable diseases. All CHWs gave voluntary, informed consent in writing and verbally before they were allowed to participate in the study. For the initial assessment, CHWs completed a questionnaire to assess knowledge about the knowledge of NCDs. The questionnaire was analysed to determine their baseline performance. The findings of the assessment identified shortcomings in the knowledge of CHWs, specifically on diabetes and hypertension knowledge. Feedback was given to the CHWs followed by a short training on healthy living, focusing on the risk factors associated with NCDs (diabetes and hypertension). Training of CHWs was conducted using an adapted national training programme together with CHW prevention of healthy lifestyle modules designed by experts from the School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape. All statistical tests were two-tailed, and p<.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The majority (97.5%) of the CHWs who had their knowledge assessed were women. Fifty-five percent (55%) were within age 30-45 years, while 45% were between the ages 46-60 years. The majority of the participants had secondary school education (92.5%) and 1-15 years of experience (97.5%) as CHWs. The results of the post-training assessment revealed that 48.5%, 63.6%, 42.4%, 72.7%, 42.5%, 57.6%, and 18.2% had poor knowledge of diabetes, hypertension, diabetes complications, hypertension complications, advice for diabetic patient, advice for hypertension, and nutrition advice of NCDs, respectively. Regression analysis showed that those with higher education levels were significantly highly likely to be knowledgeable about hypertension complications (OR=19.6, CI=1.14, 336.0). Conclusion: There was poor knowledge of risk factors for NCDs among CHWs. An association exists between the knowledge of risk factors for NCDs and education levels among the participants. There is a need for regular refresher training programs for CHWs to upscale their knowledge about NCDs, coupled with frequent review of CHWs program and curriculum.

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Square, L., V. Van der Heyde, and D. Smith. "Quantifying and Incentivizing Exploration of Reputable Sources for Argument Formation in an Online Discussion Forum." Electronic Journal of e-Learning 19, no. 3 (July 28, 2021): pp209–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/ejel.19.3.2325.

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Nuclear power forms part of the first-year physics undergraduate course work in the extended curriculum program at the University of the Western Cape. This investigation intends to assist students in mastering their understanding of how nuclear power works through the development of critical thinking skills around the topic and to create awareness among students of the implications of expanding a nuclear power footprint. Through debate, students in this course investigate the impact of South Africa increasing its nuclear footprint within a global context. In this work, students were encouraged to explore publications and reputable websites surrounding this topic and based on their findings formulate arguments. The authors conceptualized and developed a Sakai tool (based on Learning Tools Interoperability), called Reference Register (RR) to compliment the work. RR stores the reference uploaded by each student, shares uploaded literature resources to the group members, and quantifies the number of times a student uses a reference when presenting their argument. The incorporation of the RR was intended to encourage students to formulate arguments based on well-founded literature. Authors sort to investigate in which ways and to what extent does an online discussion forum facilitate students becoming ethically, environmentally, and socially aware in the area of nuclear energy and to assist students in becoming better in their professional communication skills. The outcome of this student engagement included students becoming familiar with what constitutes a well-formulated scientific argument based on a literature review, group engagement, becoming aware of South African current affairs regarding nuclear power, and its social and economic impact.

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Charlton, KE, P. Brewitt, and LT Bourne. "Sources and credibility of nutrition information among black urban South African women, with a focus on messages related to obesity." Public Health Nutrition 7, no. 6 (September 2004): 801–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2004611.

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AbstractObjectives:(1) To identify the major sources of nutrition information, and the perceived credibility thereof, among urban black South African women; and (2) to determine the level of knowledge regarding nutrition, particularly regarding the topic of obesity.Design:A cross–sectional descriptive study that was both qualitative (focus groups) and quantitative (individual questionnaires). Three hundred and ninety–four black women aged 17–49 years were conveniently sampled from the Western Cape and Gauteng provinces in South Africa.Methods:Four focus groups were held with 39 women to identify common themes relating to nutrition knowledge. Based on these data, a questionnaire instrument was developed and administered to 394 women by trained fieldworkers.Results:The most frequently encountered source of nutrition information was the media, particularly the radio and TV (73.4% and 72.1% of subjects, respectively, obtained information from this source in the past year), followed by family/friends (64.6%). Despite only 48.5% of subjects having received nutrition information from a health professional, this was the most highly credible information source. Factors being most influential in choice of foods were taste, preferences of the rest of the family, and price. A lack of knowledge on certain aspects of nutrition was identified, as well as misconceptions regarding diet and obesity.Conclusion:To improve nutrition knowledge and the effectiveness of nutrition education activities in South Africa, it is recommended that health and nutrition educators become more actively involved with the training of health professionals, particularly those engaged in delivery of services at primary care level, and in turn encourage health professionals to engage more with media sources. Nutrition messages delivered from health professionals via the media will enable public exposure to nutrition information which is not only easily accessible but also perceived to be highly credible.

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Snaddon, Bruce, Andrew Morrison, Peter Hemmersam, Andrea Grant Broom, and Ola Erstad. "Investigating design-based learning ecologies." Artifact 6, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 2.1–2.30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/art_00002_1.

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In this article we argue that, for educators in design, urbanism and sustainability, the responsibility of connecting emergent design practice and changing societal needs into pedagogical activities demands that attention be given to ecologies of learning that explore the interplay between what is and what might be. As such, this futuring imperative brings into play a mix of modes of situated learning experience, communication and tools from design and learning to query the planned and built environment as a given, while offering alternate future visions and critiques. In this article, we argue for agile pedagogy that enables students to co-create as citizens in public spaces, through agentive multimodal construction of their identities and modes of transformative representation. Our core research problematic is how to develop, enact and critique design-based pedagogies that may allow designer-educator-researchers and students alike to co-create learning ecologies as dynamic engagement in re-making the city. This we take up within the wider context of climate change and pressing societal and environmental needs within which design and urbanism education increasingly needs to be oriented. Our inquiry is located within a shared practice of design pedagogy across two continents, and climatic and disciplinary domains between the western cape in South Africa and the far north of Norway. The main finding of this research is that pedagogies that are enabling of and attentive to the interplay of an assemblage of relational context-sensitive modalities can be conducive to sustainable and futuring design-based urban engagements.

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Snaddon, Bruce, Andrew Morrison, Peter Hemmersam, Andrea Grant Broom, and Ola Erstad. "Investigating design-based learning ecologies." Artifact 6, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 6.1–6.30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/art_00006_1.

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In this article we argue that, for educators in design, urbanism and sustainability, the responsibility of connecting emergent design practice and changing societal needs into pedagogical activities demands that attention be given to ecologies of learning that explore the interplay between what is and what might be. As such, this futuring imperative brings into play a mix of modes of situated learning experience, communication and tools from design and learning to query the planned and built environment as a given, while offering alternate future visions and critiques. In this article, we argue for agile pedagogy that enables students to co-create as citizens in public spaces, through agentive multimodal construction of their identities and modes of transformative representation. Our core research problematic is how to develop, enact and critique design-based pedagogies that may allow designer-educator-researchers and students alike to co-create learning ecologies as dynamic engagement in re-making the city. This we take up within the wider context of climate change and pressing societal and environmental needs within which design and urbanism education increasingly needs to be oriented. Our inquiry is located within a shared practice of design pedagogy across two continents, and climatic and disciplinary domains between the western cape in South Africa and the far north of Norway. The main finding of this research is that pedagogies that are enabling of and attentive to the interplay of an assemblage of relational context-sensitive modalities can be conducive to sustainable and futuring design-based urban engagements.

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Namusisi, Shamilah, Michael Mahero, Dominic Travis, Katherine Pelican, Cheryl Robertson, and Lawrence Mugisha. "A descriptive study of zoonotic disease risk at the human-wildlife interface in a biodiversity hot spot in South Western Uganda." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 1 (January 6, 2021): e0008633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008633.

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Zoonotic diseases pose a significant health challenge at the human–wildlife interface, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa where ecosystem services contribute significantly to local livelihoods and individual well-being. In Uganda, the fragmented forests of Hoima district, form part of a “biodiversity and emerging infectious disease hotspot” composed of communities with high dependency on this wildlife protected areas, unaware of the associated health risks. We conducted a cross-sectional mixed methods study from March to May 2017 and interviewed 370 respondents, using a semi-structured questionnaire from eight villages neighbouring forest fragments in Hoima District, Uganda. Additionally, a total of ten (10) focus group discussions (FGDs) consisting of 6–10 men or women were conducted to further explore the drivers of hunting and perception of zoonotic disease risks at community level. Qualitative and quantitative data were analysed using content analysis and STATA version 12 respectively. We found twenty-nine percent (29.0%, CI: 24.4–33.9) of respondents were engaged in hunting of wildlife such as chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) and 45.8% (CI: 40.6–51.0), cane rats (Thryonomyidae spp). Acquisition of animal protein was among the main reasons why communities hunt (55.3%, CI: 50.1–60.4), followed by “cultural” and “medicinal” uses of wildlife and or its parts (22.7%, CI: 18.6–27.4). Results further revealed that hunting and bushmeat consumption is persistent for other perceived reasons like; bushmeat strengthens the body, helps mothers recover faster after delivery, boosts one’s immunity and hunting is exercise for the body. However, respondents reported falling sick after consumption of bushmeat at least once (7.9%, CI: 5.3–11.1), with 5.3% (CI: 2.60–9.60) reporting similar symptoms among some family members. Generally, few respondents (37.0%, CI: 32.1–42.2) were aware of diseases transmissible from wildlife to humans, although 88.7% (CI: 85.0–92.0) had heard of Ebola or Marburg without context. Hunting non-human primate poses a health risk compared to edible rats (cane rats) and wild ruminants (cOR = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.1–0.9) and (cOR = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.2–2.1) respectively. Study suggests some of the pathways for zoonotic disease spillover to humans exist at interface areas driven by livelihoods, nutrition and cultural needs. This study offers opportunities for a comprehensive risk communication and health education strategy for communities living at the interface of wildlife and human interactions.

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Gilmour, David, and Crain Soudien. "Learning and equitable access in the Western Cape, South Africa." Comparative Education 45, no. 2 (May 2009): 281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03050060902920989.

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Roeck, Els R., Bram J. Vanschoenwinkel, Jenny A. Day, Yongxin Xu, Lincoln Raitt, and Luc Brendonck. "Conservation status of large branchiopods in the western Cape, South Africa." Wetlands 27, no. 1 (March 2007): 162–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2007)27[162:csolbi]2.0.co;2.

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Mentz, Kobus, and Johannes L. van der Walt. "Multicultural Concerns of Educators in the Western Cape Province of South Africa." Education and Urban Society 39, no. 3 (May 2007): 423–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013124506297963.

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Saunders, Colleen Jayne, Robyn Adriaanse, Abigail Simons, and Ashley van Niekerk. "Fatal drowning in the Western Cape, South Africa: a 7-year retrospective, epidemiological study." Injury Prevention 25, no. 6 (November 24, 2018): 529–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2018-042945.

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IntroductionDrowning is a neglected public health threat in low-income and middle-income countries where the greatest drowning burden is observed. There is a paucity of drowning surveillance data from low-resource settings, particularly in Africa. Understanding local epidemiological factors will enable the development of context-specific drowning prevention initiatives and the appropriate allocation of resources.AimThe primary aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of fatal drowning in the Western Cape, South Africa.MethodThis retrospective study describes fatal drowning incidents captured in the Western Cape vital registration system between 2010 and 2016. Data were obtained from the Forensic Pathology Services of the Western Cape Government. One-way analysis of variance was performed to detect a trend in mean drowning mortality rates between 2010 and 2016. χ2 tests for independence were performed to detect differences in the distribution of variables between groups.ResultsA total of 1391 fatal drownings occurred in the Western Cape between 2010 and 2016, with an age-adjusted drowning mortality rate of 3.2 per 100 000 population. Rates were fourfold higher in men compared with women. Children, particularly young children aged 0–4 years, and young adult men between 20 and 34 years of age were identified to be at high risk of fatal drowning. Drowning occurred predominantly in large, open bodies of water with concentrations in summer and public holidays.ConclusionsThe Western Cape drowning prevention strategy should prioritise interventions to reduce drowning in children and young adult men, with a targeted focus on festive periods such as public holidays.

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Herbst, Anri, Jacques de Wet, and Susan Rijsdijk. "A Survey of Music Education in the Primary Schools of South Africa's Cape Peninsula." Journal of Research in Music Education 53, no. 3 (October 2005): 260–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002242940505300307.

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We investigated the state of music education in government primary schools in the Cape Peninsula (Western Cape Province, South Africa) as perceived by the general class teacher. Since the first democratic elections in South Africa (1994), the entire primary and secondary school education system has changed drastically in terms of content, and general class teachers (not music specialist teachers) are now responsible for music education within the Arts and Culture learning area. We aimed to identify and analyze problems that these teachers experience in implementing the music component of the revised curriculum. A structured questionnaire was sent to all primary schools in the Cape Peninsula; the response rate was 51.7%. Findings are discussed and interpreted against the historical background of education in South Africa and relevant music philosophical perspectives. January 27, 2005 September 12, 2005

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Nomlomo, Vuyokazi, Sindiswa Stofile, and Sivakumar Sivasubramaniam. "Signposting Foundation Phase teachers’ professional identities in selected Western Cape primary schools, South Africa." South African Journal of Education 38, Supplement 2 (December 31, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15700/saje.v38ns2a1416.

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King, J. M., J. A. Day, B. R. Davies, and M. P. Henshall-Howard. "Particulate organic matter in a mountain stream in the south-western Cape, South Africa." Hydrobiologia 154, no. 1 (November 1987): 165–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00026838.

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Boelhouwers, Jan C. "Environmental controls on soil frost activity in the Western Cape mountains, South Africa." Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 23, no. 3 (March 1998): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9837(199803)23:3<211::aid-esp841>3.0.co;2-v.

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Ibebuchi, Chibuike Chiedozie. "On the Relationship between Circulation Patterns, the Southern Annular Mode, and Rainfall Variability in Western Cape." Atmosphere 12, no. 6 (June 10, 2021): 753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12060753.

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This study investigates circulation types (CTs) in Africa, south of the equator, that are related to wet and dry conditions in the Western Cape, the statistical relationship between the selected CTs and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), and changes in the frequency of occurrence of the CTs related to the SAM under the ssp585 scenario. Obliquely rotated principal component analysis applied to sea level pressure (SLP) was used to classify CTs in Africa, south of the equator. Three CTs were found to have a high probability of being associated with wet days in the Western Cape, and four CTs were equally found to have a high probability of being associated with dry days in the Western Cape. Generally, the dry/wet CTs feature the southward/northward track of the mid-latitude cyclone, adjacent to South Africa; anti-cyclonic/cyclonic relative vorticity, and poleward/equatorward track of westerlies, south of South Africa. One of the selected wet CTs was significantly related to variations of the SAM. Years with an above-average SAM index correlated with the below-average frequency of occurrences of the wet CT. The results suggest that through the dynamics of the CT, the SAM might control the rainfall variability of the Western Cape. Under the ssp585 scenario, the analyzed climate models indicated a possible decrease in the frequency of occurrence of the aforementioned wet CT associated with cyclonic activity in the mid-latitudes, and an increase in the frequency of the occurrence of CT associated with enhanced SLP at mid-latitudes.

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Basson, Jacques, Karel van Deventer, and Wilbur Kraak. "A profile of mini rugby coaches in the Western Cape Province, South Africa." International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 13, no. 1 (November 24, 2017): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747954117741256.

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A coach and a coaching process that offers a supportive learning environment and appropriate levels of challenge, and that engenders a passion for the sport can produce positive and productive sporting outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine a profile of mini rugby coaches in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Mini rugby coaches (N = 91) completed a 15-item questionnaire to obtain descriptive information about the coaches, as well as their perceptions about their ability and confidence to coach mini rugby. The results indicate that a significant number of coaches did not have any experience in playing rugby (32%) or coaching mini rugby (19%), and the majority of coaches (51%) did not have any form of rugby coaching education. The results also show that a significant number of the coaches did not feel efficacious in coaching mini rugby (23%) and did not believe that they were optimally developing the skills of the mini rugby players (29%). The findings from the current study highlight an unfavourable situation where untrained and inexperienced individuals coach mini rugby, which has important practical implications for rugby administrators, developers of coaching education courses, players, as well as the game itself. One recommendation to remedy this situation would be that all coaches must be educated to coach rugby. A coaching education course designed specifically for mini rugby will aid in preparing individuals to successfully coach mini rugby. The content and structure of coaching education courses also need to be reviewed to ensure it is pertinent to the coaches’ needs.

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Linder, H. P. "Environmental Correlates of Patterns of Species Richness in the South-Western Cape Province of South Africa." Journal of Biogeography 18, no. 5 (September 1991): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2845687.

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Johnson, Sally, Martin Monk, Rod Watson, Merle Hodges, Melanie Sadeck, Zena Scholtz, Tommy Botha, and Brian Wilson. "Teacher change in the western cape, south africa: taking a big step in science education." Journal of In-service Education 26, no. 3 (September 1, 2000): 569–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13674580000200146.

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Kistnasamy, Barry, and Derek Yach. "Tuberculosis in commerce and industry in a Western Cape Suburb, South Africa, 1987." American Journal of Industrial Medicine 18, no. 1 (1990): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700180110.

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Friedman, Sharon. "Provisioning Western Cape Schools in South Africa with Effective Dance Educators: Posing the Challenges." Congress on Research in Dance Conference Proceedings 41, S1 (2009): 6–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2049125500000844.

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This paper problematises the training of dance teachers in post-apartheid South Africa. The provisioning of the state primary and secondary schools that offer dance studies as part of the Learning Area, Arts and Culture, with effective teachers is crucial to the delivery of satisfactory dance education in South Africa, where the Revised National Curriculum Statement is specifically intended to meet the diverse demands of the post-apartheid arts environment. The paper proposes that the training of dance educators is further complicated due to the tensions created by the gaps between post-apartheid education philosophy and the realities of teaching, particularly in state schools in the Western Cape.

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Kruger, Lara, Corné van Walbeek, and Nicole Vellios. "Waterpipe and Cigarette Smoking among University Students in the Western Cape, South Africa." American Journal of Health Behavior 40, no. 4 (July 1, 2016): 416–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.40.4.3.

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Bath, A. J., and G. v. R. Marais. "Phosphorus Export from Nonpoint Sources in the Berg River, Western Cape Province, South Africa." Water Science and Technology 28, no. 3-5 (August 1, 1993): 713–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0478.

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A suite of semi-empirical models has been developed to quantify the transport of phosphorus in the Berg River. This paper describes the results of the model simulations to quantify (1) the input of phosphorus from point and nonpoint sources, and (2) the transport of phosphorus in the water prism along the main river channel. Export of phosphorus from nonpoint sources is influenced by the drainage flow during storm events. Mass export under the rising limb of the drainage hydrograph is higher than under the falling limb giving rise to a hysteresis relationship between concentration and flow. Implementation of the 1 mg P/l effluent standard for point sources is shown to have a minor influence on the phosphorus budget of the river - nonpoint sources contribute over 80 percent of the annual load. In the Berg River, 80 percent of the phosphorus export takes place during storm events which occupy less than 3 percent of the annual hydrological cycle.

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Smith, Meris, and John S. Compton. "Origin and evolution of major salts in the Darling pans, Western Cape, South Africa." Applied Geochemistry 19, no. 5 (May 2004): 645–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2003.10.003.

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Brijlal, Pradeep, Visvanathan Naicker, and Ricardo Peters. "Education And SMME Business Growth: A Gender Perspective From South Africa." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 12, no. 8 (July 29, 2013): 855. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v12i8.7983.

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Entrepreneurship is becoming an increasingly important source of employment for women in many countries. Policymakers and other stakeholders typically fail to differentiate between the needs of different SMME sectors when designing support programmes. Using survey data obtained from SMME owner managers in the Western Cape, this article attempts to identify whether the level of education and gender has an impact on business growth. A survey instrument in the form of a questionnaire was utilized to capture the data from 369 face-to-face interviews. The findings from this research reveal a positive relationship between the level of education of business owners and their respective business abilities to increase business growth. There were no significant differences between men and women in relation to business growth. The research has implications for policymakers seeking to understand the factors that influence business growth.

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du Toit, Jacques, Andre Kraak, Judy Favish, and Lizelle Fletcher. "From study to work: methodological challenges of a graduate destination survey in the Western Cape, South Africa." Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education 39, no. 7 (January 2, 2014): 853–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2013.875118.

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Kalitanyi, Vivence, and Dick Jacobus (Kobus) Visser. "Social values as determinants of entrepreneurial intentions among university students in Cape Town – South Africa." Problems and Perspectives in Management 14, no. 3 (September 6, 2016): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.14(3-1).2016.05.

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An empirical study was conducted in Cape Town – South Africa – to determine whether social values (family, parents’ work and education) have an impact on entrepreneurship students in the universities of Cape Town, University of Stellenbosch, and University of the Western Cape, as well as Cape Peninsula University of Technology. The paper reviewed the literature about the role social values plays in the people’s lives. Respondents were the entrepreneurship university students. Data were collected in classrooms, and, in most cases, with the facilitation of both the lecturer and the researcher. Bivariate and multivariate tests of statistical significance were conducted, while Cronbach’s Alpha was used to measure the reliability of the research tool. Findings suggest that social values of the university students have an impact on their entrepreneurial intentions. The paper ends with recommendations to universities, entrepreneurship lecturers, parents, government and businesses, as well as civil society organizations. Keywords: social values, entrepreneurship intentions, university students, Cape Town. JEL Classification: Y4

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McDowell, Clive, and Eugene Moll. "The influence of agriculture on the decline of west coast renosterveld, south-western Cape, South Africa." Journal of Environmental Management 35, no. 3 (July 1992): 173–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-4797(05)80118-5.

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Mergili, M., and S. Privett. "Vegetation and vegetation-environment relationships at Grootbos Nature Reserve, Western Cape, South Africa." Bothalia 38, no. 1 (August 14, 2008): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v38i1.273.

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The private Grootbos Nature Reserve is located at the Western edge of the Agulhas Plain in the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa, an area characterized by high habitat and floristic diversity. The Reserve is covered in near-natural fynbos shrublands with a few patches of forest and wetland. The main objective of this study was to classify the vegetation into discrete units and relate them to the prevailing environmental conditions. The vegetation was analysed by numerical means (TWINSPAN, DC A, CCA) and mapped on GIS. At the vegetation type level. Forest Thicket and Fynbos formed distinctive clusters, whereas the wetland releves were intermixed, but without relationships to one of these units. Fire incidence served as the major determinant of the forest-fynbos boundary. The Forest Thicket grouping was separated into Thicket (as transitional to fynbos), Afromontane Forest and Milkwood Scrub Forest. Two broad complexes were distinguished within the Fynbos grouping, the Alkaline Sand Fynbos Complex corresponding to Coastal Fynbos. and the Acid Sand Fynbos Complex corresponding to Mountain Fynbos. They discriminated along gradients of pH. soil depth and rock cover. The complexes were further subdivided into formations by using one or a few subjectively chosen dominant species as indicators. The transitions between these formations were rather continuous than discrete. The vegetation type and complex levels correspond well to existing fynbos-wide classifications. Comparing the formations to the results of other vegetation studies is problematic even on the scale of the Agulhas Plain, due to the high regional plant diversity in the Fynbos Biome.

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Chivunze, Edgar, Theresa L. Burgess, Fraser Carson, and Kim Buchholtz. "Motivation and Behaviour Change in Parkrun Participants in the Western Cape Province, South Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15 (July 30, 2021): 8102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158102.

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Mass participation events are promoted in South Africa as a positive public health initiative. Parkrun has grown to be one of the most popular. The present study identifies the motives of residents in the Western Cape Province to join parkrun and how their involvement influences future physical activity levels. Participants (N = 1787) completed a survey consisting of demographic history, parkrun participation history, motivations for participation, and physical activity-related behaviour changes associated with parkrun participation. The majority of participants were female (n = 952) and over 50 years of age (median = 50; IQR = 38–59). Along with health-related benefits, the provision of a safe and organised event was reported as a key motive to participate. The social connectedness developed by parkrun encouraged continued participation and promoted uptake of more physical activity. Close to half the participants reported increases in physical activity levels after joining parkrun, which demonstrates the benefit obtained from participation in structured mass participation events. With the large diversity in socioeconomic status in South Africa related to physical activity levels, parkrun provides a protected and engaging environment that provides opportunity for increased physical activity and potentially reducing the burden on the healthcare system.

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Iwu, Chux Gervase, Henrie Olumide Benedict ., and Robertson Khan Tengeh . "Teacher job satisfaction and learner performance in South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 5, no. 12 (December 30, 2013): 838–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v5i12.457.

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Against the backdrop of the dismal performance of a number of South African high Schools in recent years, this study investigates the relationship between poor performance of learners and teacher motivation in selected high schools in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Adopting an exploratory approach, a random sample of 279 educators was drawn from the database of the poorly performing high schools as provided by the Western Cape Department of Education. Using closed and open-ended questions, a survey questionnaire was utilized to collect data. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 21) was utilised to analyse the data. A number of descriptive statistical tests including Chi Square, and Spearmanâ€™s correlation were conducted on the data. The results suggest that highly motivated educators experience job satisfaction; and also perform better than their poorly motivated counterparts. In terms of motivation, the results further suggest that a mix of intrinsic and extrinsic factors tend to exert influence on the educators motivation. For instance, working conditions, job security, and perceived growth opportunities in order of importance were noted to be contributing factors. As far as the obstacles that these educators encounter, lack of resources, work over load and lack of recognition were noted in order of severity. A positive relationship between the factors that influence an educatorsâ€™ motivation and the level of obstacles encountered was noted. The implication is that, notwithstanding the rankings of the two sets of factors, no factor should be addressed in isolation.

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Bird, Matthew S., Musa C. Mlambo, and Jenny A. Day. "Macroinvertebrates as unreliable indicators of human disturbance in temporary depression wetlands of the south-western Cape, South Africa." Hydrobiologia 720, no. 1 (August 9, 2013): 19–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-013-1618-2.

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Glass, Tracy, Mohamed A. Dalvie, Zelda Holtman, Anna A. Vorster, Rajkumar S. Ramesar, and Leslie London. "DNA variants and organophosphate neurotoxicity among emerging farmers in the Western Cape of South Africa." American Journal of Industrial Medicine 61, no. 1 (November 16, 2017): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.22790.

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Mudumbi, J. B. N., S. K. O. Ntwampe, F. M. Muganza, and J. O. Okonkwo. "Perfluorooctanoate and perfluorooctane sulfonate in South African river water." Water Science and Technology 69, no. 1 (October 17, 2013): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.566.

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This study examined the prevalence of perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in river water samples (n = 56) and suspended solids (n = 5) from three major Western Cape rivers, in South Africa. Solid phase extraction (SPE) followed by liquid chromatography combined with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) using an analytical method developed in ISO 25101 (2009), PFOS and PFOA concentration in river water and in suspended solids from the rivers was investigated and quantified. From the results, PFOA and PFOS were detected in all the river water samples and were found in concentrations up to 314 and 182 ng/L for Diep River; 390 and 47 ng/L for Salt River; and 146 and 23 ng/L for Eerste River, respectively. In suspended solids, concentrations for PFOS and PFOA were 28 and 26 ng/g for Diep River; 16 and less than limit of detection for Eerste River; and 14 and 5 ng/g for Salt River, respectively. Some of these concentrations are higher than those previously reported in similar studies in various countries, and this suggests there is a cause for concern, in the Western Cape, South Africa, particularly in catchments where river and ground water is drawn for agricultural purposes in the province.

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Basardien, Fawzy, Christian Friedrich, and Hamieda Parker. "The Relationship between Planning Strategies and Entrepreneurial Success for Start-Up Entrepreneurs in the Western Cape." International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 14, no. 4 (November 2013): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/ijei.2013.0128.

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The total entrepreneurial activity rate in South Africa was 9.1% in 2011, compared with 8.9% in 2010, which is below the average for similar economies. This study examines the moderating impact of environmental difficulty on the relationship between planning strategies and entrepreneurial success. The authors carried out a cross-sectional interview-based study of 60 start-up entrepreneurs in the Western Cape in South Africa. The results show that environmental difficulty moderated the relationship of ‘opportunistic’ and ‘reactive’ strategies to entrepreneurial success. No moderation effects were found for environmental difficulty on the relationship between success and ‘complete planning’ and ‘critical point planning’ strategies.

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Yates, Tom A., Helen Ayles, Finbarr P. Leacy, A. Schaap, Delia Boccia, Nulda Beyers, Peter Godfrey-Faussett, and Sian Floyd. "Socio-economic gradients in prevalent tuberculosis in Zambia and the Western Cape of South Africa." Tropical Medicine & International Health 23, no. 4 (March 24, 2018): 375–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13038.

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Toit, François Du. "THE ‘CONSTITUTIONALISATION’ OF SOUTH AFRICAN PRIVATE LAW: TEACHING CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS. THE EXPERIENCE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WESTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA." Journal of Commonwealth Law and Legal Education 5, no. 2 (October 2007): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14760400801906259.

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Eley, Brian. "Addressing the paediatric HIV epidemic: a perspective from the Western Cape Region of South Africa." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 100, no. 1 (January 2006): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.04.015.

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Brown, Tom Mark. "A Path Dependency Approach to Governance Practices at a Public University of the Western Cape, South Africa." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 11, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v11i1.18095.

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This paper investigates the governance practices embedded within governance structures at the disposal of students at a public tertiary education institution, and student unrest as a mechanism to sway decision-making and reform policy at the case study institution of higher learning. In particular, the study is guided by a qualitative research paradigm using a structured interview tool to gather primary data using the University of the Western Cape (UWC) situated in Cape Town, South Africa, as a bounded case study, against the backdrop of the 2015-2016 #FeesMustFall (FMF) protests. It is suggested in this paper that student unrest is not the main reason, but rather a symptom of the broader inadequacies of the current participatory mechanisms available in university governance structures in general, and at the UWC. Employing a Path Dependency Theoretical (PDT) Approach. The article concludes by analyzing the findings of the empirical research, by identifying several themes and sub-themes.

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Hlomani-Nyawasha, Thokozani J., Anna Meyer-Weitz, and Catherine O. Egbe. "Factors influencing alcohol use among female in-school adolescents in the Western Cape, South Africa." South African Journal of Psychology 50, no. 4 (August 21, 2020): 574–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0081246320946298.

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The increasing levels and more frequent use of alcohol among females, especially those in younger age groups, is a worldwide concern. An in-depth understanding of this phenomenon is, however, limited. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing alcohol use among female adolescent students as guided by the ecological systems theory of Bronfenbrenner. Data were collected from 25 female high school students in Grade 9 in the Western Cape, South Africa, using five individual semi-structured interviews and two focus group discussions with each group comprising 10 students. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings of the study indicated that participants begin drinking at an early age and due to low self-esteem, which makes them prone to peer influence. Female adolescents are also influenced by various factors residing within the microsystem (family members and peers), mesosystem (lack of parental attention, weak mother-to-daughter relationship, influence of peers and dating partners), exosystem (media advertisement and lifestyle of celebrities), macrosystem (change in societal roles), and chronosystem (transition to higher education). Interventions are needed in schools to help female adolescents resist peer pressure and cope with the changing environment of high school. Also, parents should be educated on the influence of their drinking behaviour on their children in order for them to be more cautious when drinking at home. Adolescent students will benefit from educational materials on the harmfulness of alcohol use.

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Maliwichi, L. L., L. Bourne, and L. Mokoena. "Expenditure patterns on food and non food items of Khayelitsha households, Western Cape, South Africa." International Journal of Consumer Studies 27, no. 3 (June 2003): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1470-6431.2003.00308_13.x.

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Basardien, Fawzy, Chris Friedrich, and Michael Twum-Darko. "Evidence-Based Practices of Promoting Entrepreneurship Education in Higher Education Institutions in Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 8, no. 5(J) (October 30, 2016): 68–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v8i5(j).1432.

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This research applies the changing of cognitive mechanisms of University students through Entrepreneurship Education (EE). The study hypothesises that entrepreneurial orientation (achievement orientation, personal control, innovation and self-esteem) improves after completing the entrepreneurship module. The context of this research involves undergraduate commerce students from the University of the Western Cape (UWC) in South Africa. The study involves quantitative research using questionnaires through a longitudinal approach. The research design consists of a pre-test, post-test and post-test after the intervention. The impact of the training intervention was assessed over a 12 month period based on a randomised control design. This study indicates that entrepreneurial orientation was influenced through this Entrepreneurship module. The practical implications of this study emphasises the importance of training approaches that are based on empirical research. The uniqueness of this paper lies in the pedagogy used that allows the effectiveness of assessing a training program.

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Reinecke, S. A., and A. J. Reinecke. "The impact of organophosphate pesticides in orchards on earthworms in the Western Cape, South Africa." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 66, no. 2 (February 2007): 244–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2005.10.006.

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Gounden, Rivoni, Suveshnee Munien, Dinolen Gounden, and Ntwandamela Perry. "Visitor Profiles of Coastal and Marine Tourism Sites in the Eastern Cape, South Africa." African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, no. 9(6) (December 15, 2020): 1060–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-68.

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Current research on Coastal and Marine Tourism (CTM) in South Africa focuses on two main coastal tourism provinces (KwaZulu-Natal and Western Cape) as well as specific CMT activities such as whale watching and shark cage diving. This study, therefore, contributes to the body of knowledge on CMT by focusing on the Eastern Cape and undertaking a provincial level analysis. Coastal and Marine Tourism location visitor profiles in terms of socio-economic profile, types of CMT visitors, types of CMT activities participated and future interest in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. CMT encompasses activities and resources in and near coastal and marine areas that attract visitors who participate in a range of active and passive business, adventure, leisure and recreational activities that generate socio-economic and environmental benefits. A quantitative approach is adopted, drawing on 700 visitor surveys that were conducted at purposively selected CMT locations in the Eastern Cape. Visitors were from a range of socio-economic backgrounds. There were high levels of participation in CMT activities, especially coastal leisure and recreational activities. Results indicate increased CMT location visitation demand. From a sustainability and responsible tourism perspective, understanding who visits CMT sites assists in ensuring effective planning to manage demand and protect/ conserve coastal and marine resources.

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Hendricks, M., J. Beardsley, L. Bourne, B. Mzamo, and B. Golden. "Are opportunities for vitamin A supplementation being utilised at primary health-care clinics in the Western Cape Province of South Africa?" Public Health Nutrition 10, no. 10 (October 2007): 1082–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007699522.

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AbstractObjectivesTo determine missed opportunities and problems relating to implementation of the Vitamin A Supplementation Programme in urban and rural regions of the Western Cape Province of South Africa.MethodA cross-sectional survey was conducted at primary health-care (PHC) clinics in Cape Metropole, an urban region, and West Coast Winelands, a rural region, of the Western Cape. A purposive sample of clinics where more than 30 children were seen per day was drawn from 10 of the 11 districts in the Cape Metropole region and the two districts of the West Coast Winelands region. The number of children selected from each district was weighted in terms of population size for the two regions. At each clinic visited, the first five to 10 children seen on a day, and meeting the inclusion criteria for vitamin A supplementation (VAS) based on the vitamin A provincial policy guidelines, were selected. These included children with low birth weight (LBW), growth faltering, underweight and severe undernutrition, recurrent diarrhoea and lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), tuberculosis, measles, HIV/AIDS and eye signs of vitamin A deficiency. Clinic records were reviewed following consultation with the PHC nurse to identify if the child required vitamin A, exit interviews were conducted with mothers/caregivers, and Road to Health Charts (RTHCs) were reviewed. At the end of the study, PHC managers were interviewed to determine if problems could be identified with the Programme.ResultsForty-three of 123 (35%) and 13 of 40 (33%) of the fixed PHC clinics in the Cape Metropole and West Coast Winelands regions were visited, and a total of 300 children (234 from Cape Metropole, 66 from West Coast Winelands) with a mean (standard deviation) age of 24.3 (16.3) months and who met the inclusion criteria for VAS were selected. Of the total sample of children, 198 (66%) had multiple (i.e. more than one) indication and 102 (34%) had a single indication for VAS. There were a total of 617 indications for VAS in the two regions; 238 (39%) for growth faltering, 119 (19%) for underweight, 98 (16%) for LBW, 70 (11%) for LRTI, 51 (8%) for diarrhoea, 21 (3%) for HIV/AIDS and 20 (3%) for tuberculosis. A total of 102 (34%) of the children in the two regions received vitamin A supplements (Cape Metropole 29%; West Coast Winelands 52%). A record was made on the RTHC of 79 (77%) of the children who received VAS (Cape Metropole 76%; West Coast Winelands 79%). Twenty-four per cent of the mothers knew why their child had been given vitamin A (Cape Metropole 29%; West Coast Winelands 12%). Eleven per cent of the mothers had previously heard about the Vitamin A Supplementation Programme (Cape Metropole 12%; West Coast Winelands 6%). More than 81% of PHC managers indicated that health staff had been trained to implement the Vitamin A Supplementation Programme. The main problems identified by health staff in the two regions were lack of vitamin A capsules, inadequate training and difficulties in implementing the Programme.ConclusionsOpportunities to administer vitamin A were underutilised in both regions. Recommendations such as improving mothers' awareness of the benefits of vitamin A and training of PHC nurses were made to the provincial Department of Health and are being implemented to improve the effectiveness of the Programme.

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Sonday, Amshuda, Elelwani Ramugondo, and Harsha Kathard. "Case Study and Narrative Inquiry as Merged Methodologies: A Critical Narrative Perspective." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 19 (January 1, 2020): 160940692093788. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1609406920937880.

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Case study and narrative inquiry as merged methodological frameworks can make a vital contribution that seeks to understand processes that may explain current realities within professions and broader society. This article offers an explanation of how a critical perspective on case study and narrative inquiry as an embedded methodology unearthed the interplay between structure and agency within storied lives. This case narrative emerged out of a doctoral thesis in occupational therapy, a single instrumental case describing a process of professional role transition within school-level specialized education in the Western Cape, South Africa. This case served as an exemplar in demonstrating how case study recognized the multiple layers to the context within which the process of professional role transition unfolded. The embedded narrative inquiry served to clarify emerging professional identities for occupational therapists within school-level specialized education in postapartheid South Africa.

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Van Vuuren, Nelius Jansen. "The Role Perceptions of Newly Appointed Senior School Leaders in the Western Cape, South Africa and Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates: A Comparative Case Study." International Journal of Human Resource Studies 8, no. 3 (June 18, 2018): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v8i3.13293.

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The role of the senior school leader, in school leadership teams, has been intensely deliberated over the years. Professional learning and leadership approaches and experiences for newly appointed senior school leaders have been extensively linked to the role perceptions of new school leaders. The importance of appropriate recommendations for policy and practice highlight the need for complex developmental support ingenuities to support their perceived development needs. Extensive teaching experience may be the only requirement for being appointed as a senior school leader, as also suggested by the Western Cape Education system (WCED). A developing system such as the Abu Dhabi Education Council (ADEC) system, highly qualified individuals make up for a lack of experience. Both these perceptions support the notion that no further professional development is required for newly appointed school leaders, the problem addressed in this paper. This article report and compare the main findings of the perceived roles and responsibilities of newly appointed senior school leaders in the Western Cape, South Africa, and Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE). The perceived roles and responsibilities of newly appointed school leaders, suggest a unique and specialist development approach to support effective leadership. The outcomes of this study further suggest a need for contextualised, individualised training and support in their individualised roles and responsibilities. The paper, therefore, employs a mixed-method approach to gather data to understand the perceived roles and responsibilities of newly appointed senior school leaders in the Western Cape, South Africa and Abu Dhabi, UAE.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Environmental education – South Africa – Western Cape'

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