Academic literature on the topic 'Environmental-Friendly concrete'
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Journal articles on the topic "Environmental-Friendly concrete"
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Li, Zhu Guo. "Development and Application of Eco-Friendly Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 3827–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.3827.
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Concrete is the most popular construction material. In its lifetime, natural resources such as limestone and aggregate are consumed. Meanwhile, emission of air pollutants and discharge of waste concrete in large quantities are of great concern. However, in recent years, high performance concrete and new types of concretes have been developed to decrease the environmental burden in its lifespan or in production phase, to utilize a substantial amount of recycled industrial waste, and to improve local environment. These eco-friendly concretes are classified into environmental protection type such as high performance concrete and recycled concrete, and environmental creation type such as porous concrete used for planting and air-purifying concrete with TiO2coating. This paper introduces the concept of eco-friendly concrete and summarizes present technologies and application.
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Shi, Xiao Shuang, Qing Yuan Wand, Lang Li, and Tao Long. "Properties of Environmental Friendly Concrete Containing Recycled Coarse Aggregate and Fly Ash." Applied Mechanics and Materials 368-370 (August 2013): 957–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.368-370.957.
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Six mixtures with different ratios (0%, 50% and 100%) were designed to investigate the compressive strength, elastic modulus and Poissons ratio of geopolymeric recycled concrete (GRC). The mechanical properties and failure mechanism of recycled concrete (RAC) and GRC were tested and discussed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The results show that, GRC concretes are stronger than RAC concretes due to different reaction products and better microstructure in interfacial transition zones (ITZs). The EDX results show that the higher compressive strength with higher Si/Al ratio.
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Meesaraganda, L. V. Prasad, and Nilanjan Tarafder. "Durability Studies of Environmental Friendly Self Compacting Concrete with and without Fiber." Key Engineering Materials 803 (May 2019): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.803.207.
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Concrete is the most important building material in construction industry because of its revolutionary property of quick hardening and free from internal problems. Its use has a great effect on environment due to the large amount of natural resources and cement lime materials required for manufacture the concrete structures. Now it’s the time for think in the direction of Eco-friendly durable materials in concrete production. In the present work, Quarry Dust and Foundry Sand are partial replaced River Sand to develop Rheological and Durability properties of M40 grade of Eco-Efficient Self-Compacting Concrete (ESCC). The target strength could be achieved satisfying the rheological properties of Eco-Efficient Self-Compacting Concrete with fiber additions. In this study investigations carried to find the Permeability, Shrinkage, Acid attack and Rapid Chloride Permeability Test (RCPT) of Eco-Efficient Fiber based Self-Compacting Concrete and it is observed that it is no way inferior to the conventional concretes. From the experimentation, it is recommended that waste materials from different source are fitting to be used as fine materials in concrete. The construction cost reduces by utilising such waste as fine aggregate in place of aggregate from natural source for construction.
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Zhang, Ju Song, Xi Luan, and Xiao Ning Chen. "Preparation and Properties of Environmental-Friendly Ceramsite and Concrete." Solid State Phenomena 330 (April 12, 2022): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-bb5vuc.
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Ceramsite was prepared from sludge, oil sludge and building residue, and the ratio of ceramsite and sintering process was determined by orthogonal test. The effects of different ratios and sintering process on the compressive strength and bulk density of ceramsite were studied. The strength and thermal conductivity of ceramsite foam concrete were tested by using prepared ceramsite as light aggregate to determine the optimal ratio scheme of ceramsite foam concrete. By designing the early cracking test of concrete, the cracking inhibition effect of ceramsite in foam concrete was explored, which provided a theoretical basis for the application of foam concrete.
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Sanal, Irem. "A Review on Reduced Environmental Impacts of Alternative Green Concrete Productions." International Journal of Public and Private Perspectives on Healthcare, Culture, and the Environment 1, no. 2 (July 2017): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijppphce.2017070104.
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Concrete is being recognized for its environmental benefits in support of sustainable development. In response to growing environmental and economic forces, regulatories, engineers and owners are seeking efficient concrete solutions that conserve non-renewable resources. Global demands for regulating concrete waste arise from the growth of these environmental and economic issues. Thus, the concept of “green concrete” as an eco-friendly alternative to conventional concrete has been emerging. This publication seeks to demonstrate how concrete contributes to future generations' sustainable development, and will be of interest to policy makers, contractors and clients, as well as others involved with the design, construction or operation of buildings and infrastructure. The main objective of this study is to identify key sources contributing to CO2 emissions from concrete and compare 1) traditional concretes with green concretes, 2) concretes produced with blended cements, and 3) fly ash used as replacement of cement, in order to diminish the environmental impact of the concrete production.
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Li, Qiu Yi, Xiang Ning Yang, Song Gao, and Lei Zhang. "Experimental Research on Environmental Friendly Ash Aerated Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 751–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.751.
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Aerated concrete is kind of normal silicate products, which is made by hydration of lime, cement, gypsum fly ash/sand, forming agent. And it has become the major wall material of frame structure caused by its characteristics of light weigh, high strength, and heat insulation. Petroleum coke is the by-product of delayed coking system in oil refinery. Oil refinery in coast area of east China mainly exploits high-sulfur crude oil from Middle East. The petroleum coke contains even 5-8% sulphur, and calcium injection desulphurization is usually employed to reduce the SO2 emission, and leads to that Ca/S of reaction is up to 2.0-2.5. Therefore, there remain many unhydrated Lime and desulfurized gypsum in petroleum coke. It presents drying powdery and a favorable cementing performance. In this paper, chemical and mineral compositions of petroleum coke desulfuration residue are analyzed by means of X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and X-ray diffracto-meter. And lime and gypsum are replaced by petroleum coke desulfuration residue to produce aerated concrete. The experimental results indicate that products made of high-sulfur petroleum coke desulfuration residue and fly ash has better performance than traditional lime aerated concrete products. The fly ash-desulfuration residue aerated concrete products possesses the dry density level of B06 [1] and strength of 4.5MPa. Consequently, it should have expansive application potential because of their prominent economic, social, and environmental benefits.
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G C, Vinayaka. "Laboratory Experimental Studies on Previews Concrete Pavements." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 3 (March 31, 2023): 1323–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.49498.
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Abstract: Pervious concretes are sp ecial type of concrete gaining attention because of their environmental benefits. These are concretes generally having 15 to 35% voids and they are considered as eco friendly materials. The strengths of the pervious concrete are lower than conventional concrete due to their higher porosity. They are generally made up of coarse aggregates, cement and without or with small amount of fine aggregates. They are considered as sustainable material it has may environmental benefits like storm water management, ground eater recharge, mitigation the urban heat island effects, many traffic related benefits such as noise reduction improving skid resistance etc. These are generally adopted in low traffic areas such as foot paths, parking lots etc. because of their lower strength. Being an eco friendly materials research researches are carried to improve the strength so that they can be used for pavement.
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Endawati, Jul, Lilian Diasti, and Enung. "Characteristics of Pervious Concrete with Environmental Friendly Based Binder." Applied Mechanics and Materials 865 (June 2017): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.865.263.
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In general, the use of massive flexible and rigid pavement for road construction causing green land reduction that have an impact on the reduction of the catchment area. Therefore, the use of porous concrete is an environmentally friendly alternative. Its usage is expected to absorb water into the ground. Permeable pavements have different design goals if compared to the conventional pavement, due to the ability to infiltrate the storm water through the pavement surface. The purpose of this research is to get the optimum proportion of porous concrete mixture using a friendly environment binder material. Fly ash (FA) and silica fume (SF) were used to replace a certain part of the Portland Cement Composite (PCC). The maximum FA replacement referred to the proportions of the FA percentage in the massive paving industry (25%) and the maximum SF replacement (6%) as recommended by ACI 225R-10. The highest 90-day compressive strength gained by specimens of 12% PCC replacement by FA (5.87 MPa), which is 10.2% higher compared to the porous concrete compressive strength which binder composed of 12% FA and 6% SF replacement. The permeability varies at 28 days, but at the age of 90 days, the porous concrete permeability almost evenly, so that the influence of the 6% silica fume in the mixture is not indicated. The ratio of 6% replacement of cement by silica fume with no fly ash gave the highest permeability of 1.4 cm/s, approaching the previous research conducted by Schaefer, et al (2006), while at the age of 90 days the permeability of porous concrete (1.11 cm/s) closed with the results done by Montes (2006).
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Imam, Md Hasan, Redwan UL-Islam, Subrata Roy, Ayesha Siddika, Md Danisur Rahman, and Selim Sharkar. "Experimental Study on Geopolymer Concrete with Waste Tiles Powder." Journal of Civil and Construction Engineering 9, no. 3 (September 8, 2023): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/jocce.2023.v09i03.002.
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While cement is not a green substance, the concrete industry is presently working toward creating sustainable concrete, employing industrial by-products to partially replace cementitious ingredients. To replace cement, the creation of eco-friendly concrete is facilitated using industrial wastes in geopolymer concrete (GPC), which also encourages waste recycling. Fly ash geopolymer has been utilized as a replacement for traditional cement concrete. An environmentally friendly and economically advantageous substitute for conventional concrete is geopolymer concrete with ceramic tile waste powder. To identify some superior alternatives for making GPC, the present study includes an experimental investigation on the compressive strength of GPC created from various other options and quantities of Fly ash and wastage tiles powder. Another focus of this research is on eliminating environmental waste for a better society. In this study, nine distinct types of concrete cylinders were produced, each with 5%, 10%, and 20% of fly ash replaced with GCV (Geopolymer Concrete with Vitrified Tile Powder) and GCW (Geopolymer concrete with wall tiles powder), respectively. Even though the replacement percentages are not so high, they do matter in terms of maintaining a sustainable, environmentally friendly workplace and managing waste. Additionally, geopolymer concretes are made without the use of heat curing, which encourages sustainability in the generation of thermal energy.
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Khan, M. I., and A. M. Alhozaimy. "Properties of natural pozzolan and its potential utilization in environmental friendly concrete." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 38, no. 1 (January 2011): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l10-112.
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In Saudi Arabia, locally available natural pozzolanic material has the potential for use in environmental friendly concrete as a partial cement replacement. Local natural pozzolan was incorporated in concrete as a partial cement replacement to study the effect of replacement level, natural pozzolan fineness and its source. Chemical and physical properties of local natural pozzolan, properties of fresh concrete, compressive strength development, chloride permeability, and porosity of concrete incorporating local natural pozzolanic material as a partial cement replacement is presented. The influence of curing on the properties of concrete containing natural pozzolan and the X-ray diffraction analysis are reported. It was observed that regardless of its different sources, chemical and physical properties of local natural pozzolan are similar and conforms to the requirements of ASTM C 618, Class N. Concrete containing up to 15% natural pozzolan matches with the mix containing 20% fly ash, which is very close to the plain concrete. Higher dosages of this natural pozzolan can be utilized for economical and environmental benefits. This research is the first of its kind that addresses the investigation on Saudi natural pozzolanic material.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Environmental-Friendly concrete"
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Handke, John Michael. "Developing short-span alternatives to reinforced concrete box culvert structures in Kansas." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/16195.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Civil Engineering
Robert J. Peterman
Concrete box culvert floor slabs are known to have detrimental effects on river and stream hydraulics. Consequences include an aquatic environment less friendly to the passage of fish and other organisms. This has prompted environmental regulations restricting construction of traditional, four-sided box culvert structures in rivers and streams populated by protected species. The box culvert standard currently used by the Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) is likely to receive increased scrutiny from federal and state environmental regulators in the near future. Additionally, multiple-cell box culverts present a maintenance challenge, since passing driftwood and debris are frequently caught in the barrels and around cell walls. As more structures reach the end of their design lives, new solutions must be developed to facilitate a more suitable replacement. Since construction can cause significant delays to the traveling public, systems and techniques which accelerate the construction process should also be considered. This thesis documents development of a single-span replacement system for box culverts in the state of Kansas. Solutions were found using either a flab slab or the center span of the KDOT three-span, haunched-slab bridge standard. In both cases, the concrete superstructure is connected monolithically with a set of abutment walls, which sit on piling. The system provides an undisturbed, natural channel bottom, satisfying environmental regulations. Important structural, construction, maintenance, and economic criteria considered during the planning stages of bridge design are discussed. While both superstructural systems were found to perform acceptably, the haunched section was chosen for preliminary design. Rationale for selection of this system is explained. Structural modeling, analysis, and design data are presented to demonstrate viability of the system for spans ranging from 32 to 72 feet. The new system is expected to meet KDOT’s needs for structural, environmental, and hydraulic performance, as well as long-term durability. Another option involving accelerated bridge construction (ABC) practices is discussed.
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Hantz, Tematuanui a. tehei. "Béton à faible impact environnemental pour la valorisation de coquilles d'huitres perlières Pinctada de Polynésie Française." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PAUU3053.
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Les atolls de la Polynésie française, en manque de ressources terrestres, génèrent des ressources économiques grâce à la perliculture. Cette activité produit plus d’un millier de tonnes de déchets annuels sous forme de coquilles d’huîtres perlières (Pinctada Margaritifera et Pinctada Maculata). Ces co-produits nacrés, présentant des performances mécaniques liées à leur microstructure, pourraient, une fois broyés, combler la carence en sable et granulats de construction des archipels producteurs de perles. L’objectif de cette thèse est de formuler un béton à faible impact environnemental, dont le squelette est composé de co-produits de la perliculture locale pour les habitants de Polynésie.Ces coquilles, souvent exposées à la météo tropicale, présentent des états de dégradation variés. La comparaison des performances des nacres fraîches et dégradées montre que l’absence de matière organique dans leur matrice entraîne une diminution de leur résistance à la traction et de leur élongation à la rupture. Toutefois, même dégradée, la nacre conserve des performances élevées parmi les matériaux synthétisés par les mollusques.Par ailleurs, une comparaison des mortiers composés à 100% de granulats issus de coquilles broyées (Pinctada Margaritifera, Pinctada Maculata, mais aussi Crassostrea Gigas et Pecten Maximus) a démontré que le matériau le plus performant n'est pas nécessairement celui réalisé avec les coquilles les plus solides, mais avec les granulats à la géométrie la plus complexe. De plus, la forme plate des granulats réduit la compacité du squelette granulaire, ce qui peut affecter les propriétés du béton. Pour limiter les vides entre les grains, les paramètres de broyage ont été optimisés afin d’obtenir un mélange de deux classes granulaires à faible porosité.Même optimisés, les squelettes granulaires composés à 100% de broyats de coquilles présentent encore une porosité intergranulaire supérieure à 45%. Cela nécessite l’ajout d’une quantité importante d’addition inerte pour conserver une quantité de ciment acceptable tout en comblant les vides. Cet ajout entraîne un asséchement de la pâte, nécessitant un ajustement de la quantité d’eau, en fonction de la porosité de l’addition inerte. Cette méthodologie a permis d’améliorer les formulations de béton, dont la résistance à la compression est passée de 2-5 MPa à plus de 20 MPa.Pour la suite du projet en Polynésie, un transfert des connaissances acquises en laboratoire a été amorcé vers les acteurs socio-économiques à partir de formulations utilisant des co-produits de coquilles d’huîtres d’Arcachon (Crassostrea Gigas), abondantes en Nouvelle-Aquitaine, où l’essentiel des travaux a été mené. L’impact de l’environnement sur des corps morts en béton de broyats de coquilles, placés à l’Île de Ré dans des conditions réelles, a d’abord été étudié dans le but d'y installer des mouillages de bateaux. Ensuite, un démonstrateur non structurel, composé d’un cheminement piéton et d’emmarchements, a été mis en place au pied de la Dune du Pilat dans le cadre de la rénovation du Village des Cabanes, centre d’accueil de ce site classé. En plus de prouver l'implémentation d’un processus innovant, ces chantiers ont démontré que les bétons de broyats de coquilles sont mécaniquement durables et que les formulations peuvent s’adapter à des squelettes non optimisésThe atolls of French Polynesia, despite lacking terrestrial resources, generate economic resources through pearl farming. This activity produces over a thousand tons of waste annually in the form of pearl oyster shells (Pinctada Margaritifera and Pinctada Maculata). These nacre co-products, with mechanical properties linked to their microstructure, could, once crushed, help address the shortage of sand and construction aggregates in the remote pearl-producing archipelagos. The goal of this thesis is to formulate an environmentally friendly concrete for the people of Polynesia, with a skeleton entirely composed of local pearl farming co-products.These shells, often exposed to tropical weather, can present varying levels of degradation. A comparison of the performances of fresh and degraded nacre revealed that the absence of organic matter in their matrix leads to reduced tensile strength and elongation at break. However, even in this state, nacre retains high performance among mollusk-synthesized materials.In addition, a comparison of mortars composed of 100% granular skeletons made from crushed shells (Pinctada Margaritifera, Pinctada Maculata, but also Crassostrea Gigas and Pecten Maximus) showed that the most efficient material is not necessarily the one made from the strongest shells, but rather from those with the most complex geometry. Moreover, the generally flat shape of crushed shells leads to a significant decrease in the compactness of the granular skeleton, which can negatively impact the concrete's properties. To reduce the void volume between grains, grinding parameters were optimized to achieve a blend of two granular classes with the lowest possible porosity.Even when optimized, granular skeletons composed of 100% crushed shells still exhibit intergranular porosity above 45%. Under these conditions, it is necessary to add a substantial amount of inert filler to maintain an acceptable cement quantity while filling all the intergranular voids. This addition, which dries out the filler paste, required a significant adjustment in the water quantity, depending on the porosity of the inert filler used. This methodology allowed the transition from unoptimized shell concrete, with very low compressive strength (2-5 MPa), to a much more efficient concrete with compressive strength exceeding 20 MPa.Looking ahead to the continuation of the project, which will take place in Polynesia beyond this thesis, knowledge transfer from the laboratory to socio-economic actors has begun using formulations incorporating co-products of oyster shells from Arcachon (Crassostrea Gigas), abundant in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, where most of the thesis work was conducted. The environmental impact on concrete structures made from crushed oyster shells, placed on the Île de Ré under real-world conditions with the aim of installing future boat moorings, was first studied. Next, a non-structural industrial demonstrator, consisting of a pedestrian walkway and steps, was implemented at the base of the Dune of Pilat as part of the renovation of the Village des Cabanes, a visitor center for this major classified site. In addition to proving the possible implementation of an innovative process in a complex societal and industrial chain, these projects have demonstrated that crushed shell concrete is mechanically durable and that it is even possible to adapt the formulations to non-optimized skeletons
Books on the topic "Environmental-Friendly concrete"
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Anderson, John E., Christian Bucher, Bruno Briseghella, Xin Ruan, and Tobia Zordan, eds. Sustainable Structural Engineering. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed014.
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<p>Sustainability is the defining challenge for engineers in the twenty-first century. In addition to safe, economic, and effi-cient structures, a new criterion, sustainable, must be met. Furthermore, this new design paradigm–addressing social, economic, and environmental aspects–requires prompt action. In particular, mitigation of climate change requires sustainable solutions for new as well as existing structures. Taking from both practice and research, this book provides engineers with applicable, timely, and innovative information on the state-of-the-art in sustainable structural design. <p>This Structural Engineering Document addresses safety and regulations, integration concepts, and a sustainable approach to structural design. Life-cycle assessment is presented as a critical tool to quantify design options, and the importance of existing structures–in particular cultural heritage structures–is critically reviewed. Consideration is also given to bridge design and maintenance, structural reassessment, and disaster risk reduction. Finally, the importance of environmentally friendly concrete is examined. Consequently, structural engineers are shown to have the technical proficiency, as well as ethical imperative, to lead in designing a sustainable future.
Book chapters on the topic "Environmental-Friendly concrete"
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Suresh Kumar, A., M. Muthukannan, K. Arun Kumar, A. Chithambar Ganesh, and R. Kanniga Devi. "Development of Environmental-Friendly Geopolymer Concrete Using Incinerated Biomedical Waste Ash." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 709–26. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4040-8_56.
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Khataei, Behnoosh, Masoud Ahmadi, and Mahdi Kioumarsi. "Environmental Assessment of Fiber-Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete Containing Class-F Fly Ash." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 377–88. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69626-8_32.
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AbstractThe rapid growth of cities, particularly in developing regions, is driving a significant increase in concrete demand. However, concrete production is a major environmental concern, releasing high levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) due to its dependence on cement. This study investigates the use of class-F fly ash as a partial replacement for cement in self-compacting concrete (SCC) to reduce its environmental impact. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is employed to measure the embodied energy (EE) and global warming potential (GWP) of various fiber-reinforced SCC mixes containing different fly ash replacement ratios. The results emphasize the importance of optimizing the amount of fly ash to achieve a balance between desired mechanical performance and minimized environmental burdens. While the study explores the influence of fiber types, the key finding is that incorporating class-F fly ash demonstrably reduces both GWP and EE in SCC. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of fly ash as a sustainable alternative in SCC production, promoting eco-friendly construction practices without compromising performance.
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Farahzadi, Leila, Saeed Bozorgmehr Nia, Behrouz Shafei, and Mahdi Kioumarsi. "Preliminary Environmental Assessment of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Mixtures." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 589–98. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69626-8_49.
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AbstractUltra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is well known for its exceptional strength and durability in modern construction and bridges. Despite its advantages, traditional UHPC mixes with high cement content can negatively affect the environment through CO2 emissions. This study aims to investigate using low-impact supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) such as ground granulated blast furnace (GGBF) slag, fly ash, and silica fume as replacements for cement in different ratios in UHPC compositions. A life cycle assessment (LCA) has been conducted to evaluate the environmental impact of these innovative UHPC compositions. The evaluation considers critical variables, including resource allocation, energy sources, raw material procurement distances, and manufacturing processes. Using SCMs in UHPC formulas helps lessen the impact of global warming and aids in mitigating climate change. These results highlight the importance of using new material combinations to promote sustainability in construction, showing ways to adopt more environment-friendly solutions and creating a path toward a more sustainable future in concrete production.
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Yoshizuka, Naozumi, Tomihiro Iiboshi, Hirokazu Nishimura, and Daisuke Kawashima. "Application of Environmentally Active Concrete (EAC) for River Structure." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 1041–51. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6138-0_92.
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AbstractAn increase in floods due to climate change has concern for causing enormous erosion damage. Concrete is demanded to play an even more important role in the development of river structures for disaster prevention and mitigation. In Japan, river structures using concrete have been actively developed to protect river banks and riverbeds from floods. Under these circumstances, in the River Act partial amendment in 1997, in addition to the previous concept of flood control and water utilization, the concept of the environment (improvement and conservation of river environment) was incorporated. Therefore, various efforts have been made, such as developing products and methods that utilize natural materials other than concrete and researching new environmentally friendly materials. The authors have developed “Environmentally Active Concrete (hereinafter referred to as EAC)” with environmental functions by mixing arginine, one of the amino acids, into the concrete and have put it into practical use. Demonstration experiments have confirmed the environmental performance of EAC in rivers. In river structures where EAC has been applied, the effects of promoting the growth of attached algae and habitat conservation for various organisms such as sweetfish, Japanese eel and Japanese giant salamander have also been confirmed. Utilizing EAC will make it possible to achieve river structures with both disaster prevention and environmental conservation functions.
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Wivast, Jennifer, Anette Nyland, Saeed Bozorgmehr Nia, Mahdi Kioumarsi, and Behrouz Shafei. "Developing Eco-friendly Ultra-High-Performance Concrete by Utilizing Recycled Alternatives." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 49–57. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69626-8_5.
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AbstractThis research delves into the integration of economically sustainable materials—Portland limestone cement (PLC) and recycled glass powder (GP)—into ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) formulations. The emphasis is on mitigating UHPC’s reliance on high-cost, high content of cement, and proprietary additives, which elevate both the expense and environmental impact of infrastructure projects. By evaluating the effects of PLC and GP on the structural performance of UHPC, the study aims to provide affordable, locally sourced, and customizable options. This study investigates the enhancement of UHPC by testing six mortar mixes that contrast the use of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with the more sustainable PLC, enriched with silica fume (SF) and recycled glass powder. The introduction of glass powder notably increased UHPC’s compressive strength, and PLC mixes showed enhanced early strength and reduced shrinkage. This underscores the potential of PLC and recycled glass for making UHPC more sustainable, while highlighting their beneficial roles in enhancing structural properties, marking a stride toward more eco-friendly construction materials.
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Hou, Miaomiao, Yaoyu Lin, Qiong Wang, Xiaolu He, Yiqian Zheng, and Pengyuan Shen. "Operational Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction Benefits of Concrete MiC Building’s Envelope." In Novel Technology and Whole-Process Management in Prefabricated Building, 468–78. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5108-2_50.
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AbstractModular integrated Construction (MiC) is an off-site construction method of the highest level and has been fast developed to meet the demand for fast, low-cost and eco-friendly construction. As the construction industry is the main contributor to global energy consumption and carbon emissions, MiC has great potential to improve its thermal and energy performance through better envelope design. However, fewer existing papers study the environmental performance of MiC during the operational phase, especially for concrete MiC. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the environmental performance of MiC during the operation phase through a case study of a real project and a comparative LCA analysis. The simulation modeling was calibrated and validated with real-time measurement readings. The temporal and spatial variations of the indoor thermal environment were analyzed. Finally, the energy consumption was simulated and a whole-life-cycle assessment was conducted, to provide a holistic quantitative energy saving and carbon reduction analysis for MiC compared to normal prefabricated construction. This research can help to improve the envelope design guidance of MiC and the resulting environmental performance.
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Sarkar, Pradip, and Nikhil P. Zade. "Effect of Lightweight Masonry on Life Cycle Energy: A Case Study of Residential Buildings in India." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 475–87. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69626-8_40.
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AbstractThe imperative shift toward sustainable construction practices drives the exploration of alternative building materials, among which autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) is emerging as a promising option. This research focuses on assessing embodied energy throughout the life cycle of residential buildings using a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. The study specifically investigates AAC masonry as an infill material in reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures, highlighting its eco-friendly attributes.The present study conducts a detailed comparative analysis between RC frame buildings infilled with AAC block masonry and their counterparts using traditional clay brick infill. The assessment covers different life cycle phases, including extraction of raw materials, production, transport, construction, maintenance, and eventual demolition. By using LCA techniques, the embodied energy of both building types is quantified and compared, providing valuable insight into the environmental impact and sustainability of these construction materials.
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Liu, Y., Y. Zhuge, and W. Duan. "Reusing Alum Sludge as Cement Replacement to Develop Eco-Friendly Concrete Products." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 75–82. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3330-3_10.
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AbstractAlum sludge is a typical by-product of the water industry. The traditional sludge management method, disposing of sludge in landfill sites, poses a critical environmental and economic concern due to a significant increase in sludge amount and disposal cost. In this paper, the feasibility of reusing sludge as cement replacement is investigated, and the physical performance and microstructure modification of concrete products made with sludge is discussed. The obtained results indicated that a satisfying pozzolanic reactivity of sludge after calcination at high temperatures and grinding to the appropriate size was identified. When 10% cement was replaced with sludge, the reaction degree of sludge was up to 39%, and the obtained concrete blocks exhibited superior mechanical performance. Based on the microstructural analysis, e.g., x-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and advanced nanoindentation method, the high aluminum content in sludge was incorporated into C–(A)–S–H gel; the original “Al-minor” C–(A)–S–H gel in pure cement paste was converted to ‘Al-rich’ C–(A)–S–H gel. Also, sludge promoted the formation of aluminum-bearing hydrates, such as ettringite and calcium aluminate hydrates (C–A–H). Although the Al incorporation had no significant effect on the hardness and modulus of C–(A)–S–H gel, the homogeneous mechanical properties (hardness and modulus measured with nanoindentation) of binder paste degraded with increasing sludge ash content above 10%, attributing to the lower hardness of unreacted sludge than cement clinker and the relatively lower reaction degree. Using sludge in concrete products offers an economical and environmentally friendly way to dispose of sludge and preserve diminishing natural resources. Also, the reduction of cement usage may contribute to achieving carbon neutrality.
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Hernandez, Juan Daniel Cassiani, and Sylvia Keßler. "Reducing the Carbon Footprint of New Reinforced Concrete Structures in Aggressive Environments: From Real Experience to Future Applications." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 697–706. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69626-8_58.
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AbstractThe carbon emissions of future reinforced concrete structures need to be considered throughout their entire life cycle to meet CO2 reduction targets. This is critical for structures exposed to aggressive environments, such as chloride, due to the increased risk of reinforcement corrosion. Premature degradation caused by steel corrosion leads to significant repairs, increasing both the CO2 footprint and also the costs of the structure over its service life. This work proposes a design framework that integrates the laboratory performance concept consigned in the new Eurocode 2 and Sustainability Assessment. The framework’s applicability is demonstrated through a case study inspired by an existing structure. By employing a multi-criteria decision-making method, the proposed framework concurrently considers environmental impact and cost, facilitating the selection of the most balanced alternative in terms of environmental reduction objectives and budget constraints. The results show that appropriately selecting the Exposure Resistance Class leads to more cost-effective and environmentally friendly structures.
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Dalla Valle, Anna. "Life Cycle Assessment at the Early Stage of Building Design." In The Urban Book Series, 461–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29515-7_42.
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AbstractIn view of the urgent need to construct informed and advanced vision of the built environment in terms of environmental impacts, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is even more emerging as the most recognized supporting tool for Architectural, Engineering and Construction (AEC) practices. This is proved by Level(s), a voluntary framework established in Europe that is fully life cycle-based, looking buildings beyond energy performance to the whole life cycle, while fostering the implementation of circular economy strategies. To face buildings complexity, it recommends applying life cycle approach with an increasing level of detail and accuracy, shifting from the assessment of carbon emissions to complete cradle to grave LCA. In this context, many calls for competitions at the reach of environmentally sustainability include Level(s) measures as reference frame to deal with. The paper provides insights of building LCA application performed during the preliminary design phases, since crucial for the decision-making process especially if operating into competition aimed at minimizing environmental impacts. In particular, a sample of building projects developed to address an international architecture competition specifically committed to decarbonization issues in compliance with Level(s) is discussed. Starting from a concrete in situ scenario, the attention is on integrating dry assembled solutions composed of environmental-friendly materials. Results show range of carbon footprint of low-carbon buildings in relation to building shape and volume, outlining building parts that generally contribute to highest release of CO2 and providing effective technological solutions. The aim is to support AEC practitioners in the design and implementation of buildings embracing a life cycle approach starting from the early design process.
Conference papers on the topic "Environmental-Friendly concrete"
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Isa, Muhammad Nura, and Hanizam Awang. "Development of User Friendly Geopolymer Mortar Using Wood Ash Lye as Alkaline Activator." In 2024 10th International Conference on Architecture, Materials and Construction & 2024 5th International Conference on Building Science, Technology and Sustainability, 19–25. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-me0x5u.
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Geopolymer concrete is an environmentally friendly substitute for traditional Portland cement-based concrete. In contrast to conventional concrete, which contributes to substantial carbon dioxide emissions through Portland cement production, geopolymer concrete utilizes aluminosilicate materials like fly ash, slag, or metakaolin as binders. This innovative approach aims to reduce the environmental impact of construction materials by offering a more sustainable alternative to conventional cement-based concrete. Unfortunately, the technology of geopolymer concrete was mainly confined to laboratory research in developing countries due to the high cost of chemical activators used in its production. The current study explored the prospects of using wood ash (WA) lye as an alkaline activator in geopolymers. A single raw aluminosilicate material, class C palm oil fuel ash (POFA), was activated with WA lye and sodium silicate (Na₂SiO₃) to produce a geopolymer mortar. Both fresh and hardened properties tests were conducted to assess the WA lye-activated geopolymer mortar at 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. The optimum liquid/binder (L/B) ratio and alkali activator ratio (AAR) of WA lye-activated geopolymer mortar were 0.5 and 3.0, respectively. The outcome of this research indicate that WA lye can effectively be utilised to produce geopolymers with desirable properties, thereby providing an environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative to NaOH.
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Nouman, Muhammad, Maria Kanwal, Muhammad Sami Ullah, and Syed Abdullah Mansoor. "Sustainable Tire Waste Biochar Additives for Enhancing Concrete Strength and Eco-Efficiency." In 14th International Civil Engineering Conference, 19–26. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-w2wlri.
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This study checks the practicality of incorporating Waste Tire Biochar (WTBC) during the manufacturing process of concrete as an eco-friendly new option. The study focuses on the effect of mechanical properties and the carbon footprint due to the use of the biochar on traditional concrete. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) data demonstrates that the substitution of 1% of cement with WTBC leads to the reduction of CO2 emissions by 1%. On the other hand, 7% replacement, a whopping 7% reduction in CO2 emissions is realized. This means that there is a significant reduction from 291.15 kg/m³ of CO² for conventional concrete to 270.76 kg/m³ for concrete that contains 7% WTBC. Additionally, WTBC saves approximately 93% of CO₂ emissions in comparison to the solutions based on open burning for waste tires. This research provides evidence for the WTBC as a potential contributor to the environmental sustainability in construction without any compromise of the structural integrity.
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Okeniyi, Joshua Olusegun, Cleophas Akintoye Loto, Abimbola Patricia Idowu Popoola, and Olugbenga Adeshola Omotosho. "Performance of Rhizophora Mangle L. Leaf-extract and Sodium Dichromate Synergies on Steel-reinforcement Corrosion in 0.5 M H2SO4-Immersed Concrete." In CORROSION 2015, 1–10. NACE International, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2015-05636.
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Abstract This paper investigates performance of different synergistic combinations of Rhizophora mangle L leaf-extract and sodium dichromate (Na2Cr2O7) admixtures on the corrosion of steel-reinforcement in 0.5 M H2SO4-immersed concrete. Steel-reinforcement corrosion, in concrete slabs partially-immersed in the microbial/industrial simulating test-environment, were assessed using non-destructive electrochemical measurements of corrosion rate (CR) and open circuit potential (OCP). Probability distribution function (pdf) analyses, as prescribed by ASTM G16-95 R04, of the scatter of corrosion test-data showed that while datasets of OCP distributed like the Normal, the Gumbel and Weibull pdf’s, the datasets of CR were best fitted by the Weibull pdf. Results identified 6 g Rhizophora mangle L leaf-extract + 2 g Na2Cr2O7 synergistic admixture with both optimal inhibition efficiency, η = 90.12%, and synergistic parameter that indicated excellent synergistic interaction of the plant-extract with Na2Cr2O7 chemical. That this synergistic admixture out-performed the also effective Na2Cr2O7 admixtures in the study suggests suitability of Rhizophora mangle L leaf-extract as eco-friendly replacement of toxic Na2Cr2O7 inhibitor in H2SO4-immersed steel-reinforced concrete. This is potent with the advantage of reducing environmental effect from lower Na2Cr2O4 usage for controlling corrosion in steel-reinforced concretes for the microbial/industrial environment.
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Baera, Cornelia, Aurelian Gruin, Ana-Cristina Vasile, Bogdan Bolborea, and Alexandra Barbu. "INNOVATION IN VERNACULAR TRADITIONS: PRELIMINARY EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON CLAY MIX DESIGN FOR DURABLE POURED EARTH WALLS." In SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference, 215–22. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024v/6.2/s25.27.
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Innovative construction materials and techniques can be sourced from natural resources and traditional methods, and applied to green housing concepts to enhance energy efficiency and occupant well-being. Innovation in vernacular traditions can be achieved by integrating the modern, current methods and techniques, materials and tools within local traditional technologies and associated natural raw materials (clay, sand, wood, straw, and wool) in order to enhance ecologic housing facilities with improved overall performance: structural, economic and sustainable. The current paper focuses on development of poured earth walls as an eco-friendly alternative to classic solutions (masonry, concrete walls, etc.), specifically on the clay-based mix design feasible for the poured earth technique. This technique resembles natural concrete, aggregate grains are bonded by clay particles instead of cement-based binding systems, and it offers environmental benefits such as facile recyclability, low impact, and effective hygrothermal regulation, but also brings consistent challenges regarding the proper clay-based earthen mix design. Preliminary and exploratory fresh-state testing is performed on several clayey mixes, in order to identify critical parameters with further relevance to the structural and durability performance, together with specific comparative evaluation and corresponding conclusions related to overall concept feasibility.
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Wuehrer, Karl H., and Edward P. Squiller. "A New Generation of Waterborne Polyurethane Topcoats for Flooring." In SSPC 2003, 1–7. SSPC, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2003-00053.
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Abstract This paper reviews the past, present and future of topcoat technologies for flooring. A special emphasis is provided on a new generation of waterborne polyurethanes for use as a topcoat for flooring. Topcoats are commonly used in the construction industry over functional floor coatings or as sealers for concrete. Over the years solvent-borne polyurethane topcoats have become the standard for flooring due to good mechanical properties and application ease-of-use. However, they still contain significant amounts of solvent that act as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) contributing to air pollution and/or offensive odors. Recently developed high-solids or solvent-free topcoats appear to have met the property performance standards of the solvent-borne floor topcoats, but their application characteristics make them somewhat difficult for the contractor to apply. Waterborne topcoats, which have been under development over the past 10 years, can be environmental friendly alternatives; however, until recently they did not quite reach the performance standards of solvent-borne topcoats. A new generation of waterborne PU topcoats now combines the mechanical properties and application ease-of-use characteristics of solvent-borne topcoats with low/no solvent content.
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Hunter, David A., and Skid C. Thomason. "Surface Preparation: Advances in Chemical Coating Removal." In Paint and Coatings Expo (PACE) 2007, 1–17. SSPC, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2007-00044.
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Abstract This paper introduces the available technology of chemical coating removal as an alternative to mechanical coating removal by comparing and contrasting the advantages and disadvantages of each chemical coating removal technology. Due to the high cost and environmental drawbacks of mechanical methods of coating removal, chemical coating removal systems have advanced as a cost effective and environmentally friendly way to remove coatings that are highly cost effective on a per square foot basis cost comparison. The presentation will discuss all chemical coating removal technology, features and benefits. Specifiers, end users, and contractors will be introduced to the available coating removal technology, current methods used to prepare concrete in order to receive coatings. The objectives of the presentation are: describe the chemical basis for the 4 different types of chemicals used for coating removal; describe the features and benefits of each type of chemical coating remover; describe areas where chemical coating removal can be used in lieu of mechanical methods; describe the coatings systems used in conjunction with chemical coating removal and to present a real world project example where chemical coating removal is the best option for surface preparation.
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Desai, S. N., and H. S. Patil. "Environmental friendly concrete using waste from petroleum industry." In 2010 2nd International Conference on Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering (ICBEE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbee.2010.5649604.
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Wang, Ya Ping, Moa Fagermo, Trond Furu, Harald Justnes, and Knut Marthinsen. "Compatibility of Different Aluminium with a New Environmental-Friendly Concrete." In Non-Traditional Cement and Concrete 2023 conference. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-i2lqxx.
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DARE2C (Durable Aluminium Reinforced Environmentally-friendly Concrete Construction) project is to develop a more environmental-friendly concrete and use aluminium (Al) as reinforcement material, instead of steel. The new concrete uses supplementary cementitious materials (SCM), which provides a low alkaline environment suitable for aluminium reinforcement. Unlike steel, aluminium has a better stability in medium pH environment, which can largely improve the durability of the new Al-reinforced concrete (RC). Cover thickness can be reduced since aluminium withstands environment and carbonation does not pose a threat. The usage of lighter aluminium as reinforcement would help greatly reduce the total weight of the Al-RC structure. The objective of this work is to investigate the compatibility of different aluminium alloys in the new DARE2C concrete by gas chromatography measurement during the cement hydration. Together with the pull-out test results, the best aluminium candidate will be determined.DARE2C (Durable Aluminium Reinforced Environmentally-friendly Concrete Construction) project is to develop a more environmental-friendly concrete and use aluminium (Al) as reinforcement material, instead of steel. The new concrete uses supplementary cementitious materials (SCM), which provides a low alkaline environment suitable for aluminium reinforcement. Unlike steel, aluminium has a better stability in medium pH environment, which can largely improve the durability of the new Al-reinforced concrete (RC). Cover thickness can be reduced since aluminium withstands environment and carbonation does not pose a threat. The usage of lighter aluminium as reinforcement would help greatly reduce the total weight of the Al-RC structure. The objective of this work is to investigate the compatibility of different aluminium alloys in the new DARE2C concrete by gas chromatography measurement during the cement hydration. Together with the pull-out test results, the best aluminium candidate will be determined.
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Pavlík, Z., M. Keppert, M. Pavlíková, P. Volfová, and R. Černý. "Environmental friendly concrete production using municipal solid waste incineration materials." In RAVAGE OF THE PLANET III. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/rav110301.
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Ismail, Zainab, and Ali Jaeel. "Environmental Friendly Concrete Using Waste Compact Discs as Fine Aggregate Replacement." In Fourth International Conference on Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies. Coventry University, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18552/2016/scmt4s118.
Full textReports on the topic "Environmental-Friendly concrete"
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Calabrese, Andrea, Pitiporn Asvapathanagul, Nisarg N. Patel, Nanubala Dhruvan, Austin Adams, Michael Hernandez, and Douglas S. Lopez-Cruz. Experimental Investigation of the Self-Healing Potential of Bacteria for Sustainable Concrete Structures Phase 2. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2024.2331.
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Concrete is a critical component of so much of the modern construction industry. This material, well known for its versatility, robustness, longevity, and strength, is well-suited for a wide range of structural applications. Nonetheless, the widespread occurrence of cracks in concrete structures, primarily attributed to its limited tensile strength, shrinkage, and overstain, imposes a considerable economic and environmental challenge when it comes to retrofitting these fissures. This study tackles this problem by harnessing bacteria tolerant to high alkaline conditions to enable Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) for the self-repair of concrete. This is achieved through an external application method, wherein bacteria are manually and externally applied to the cracks of the concrete surface. This report presents the results of testing three different bacterial species (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, and Sporosarcina pasteurii) to retrofit laboratory-manufactured cracks. The self-repaired groups underwent compressive load-to-failure testing and were compared to a control group (With Crack), revealing a notable increase in compressive strength ranging from 8.59% to 21.61%. The outcomes of the compressive strength tests illustrate the viability of implementing this technique for retrofitting concrete structures, showcasing its environmentally friendly nature and its ability to significantly enhance structural durability. This, in turn, has the potential to impact existing and future developments that incorporate concrete.
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Deere Birkbeck, Carolyn. Priorities for the climate-trade agenda: how a trade ministers' coalition for cooperation on climate action could help. The Royal Institute of International Affairs, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/casc015.
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This paper argues that governments should commit to enhanced international dialogue, coordination and action on trade and climate intersections through: 1. Ministerial attention to trade, climate and environmental sustainability on the official agenda of the 12th WTO Ministerial Conference (MC12) in late 2021 as well as through a complementary Ministerial Statement, co-sponsored by a majority of WTO Members, that recognises the need for the multilateral trading system to enable and support climate mitigation and adaptation efforts and the importance of multilateral cooperation on the interface of climate, trade and sustainable development goals; and 2. The creation of a trade ministers’ coalition for cooperation on climate action to serve as focal point for the top-level dialogue needed to develop trade policy frameworks that support climate mitigation and adaptation, to solve tough and complex issues around competitiveness, fairness and transparency, and to advance coordination on trade and climate policy intersections. The coalition could help forge a shared vision of the highest priorities at the interface of climate and trade, how these should be pursued in policy terms, and how best to cooperate and connect the dots between different international processes. The paper also identifies six policy priorities at the interface of climate and trade that could be advanced in the final months of 2021: 1. Commitments to enhanced transparency, consultation and coordination on climate policies and regulations that impact trade, and on trade policies that impact the climate and decarbonization efforts, with special attention to addressing the needs of developing countries and unintended trade consequences; 2. Action to promote trade in climate-friendly goods and services, including at the World Trade Organization (WTO), with a focus on trade and supply chains that support climate mitigation and adaptation as top priorities; 3. Launch of talks on fossil fuel subsidy reform at the WTO that combine a focus on improved transparency, a just transition and a timeline for cooperation on concrete reform efforts; 4. Commitments to increase green aid for trade and finance to support trade-related climate mitigation and adaptation, and to promote climate-friendly economic diversification, production and trade in developing countries; 5. Adoption of a 2025 deadline for net zero official trade finance; and 6. Enhanced ambition and cooperation to reduce transportation emissions associated with international trade and decarbonize the transport sector.