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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Environmental Health Safety Internship'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Johnson, Jeffrey Allen. "Miami University Internship as Interim Director Environmental Health & Safety Offices." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1484159642586789.

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2

Allen, Andre Ramon. "A Technical Communication Internship at The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1102077601.

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3

Paulik, Jacklyn Christine. "ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT GROUP INTERNSHIP: ASBESTOS HAZARD EVALUATION SPECIALIST -- INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND SAFETY SERVICES." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1377076619.

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4

Porter, Scott Andrew. "An Internship with ARCADIS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1218577319.

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5

Newbury, Brian. "Integrated health, safety and environmental management systems." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2000. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/integrated-health-safety-and-environmental-management-systems(6a947bb5-bda0-4466-9cb6-f02ad514cb9a).html.

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The continued rise in accident and ill health statistics throughout the member states of the European Union indicate that the standards of occupational health, safety and environmental control require further improvement to minimise the current level of loss. Management systems are regarded as an effective means of reducing this loss by continuously improving standards. Whilst there is much discussion and debate about the possibilities of integrating management systems, at present, there are no national or international published integrated management standards, although some multi-national companies have introduced their own internal integrated standards. The research explored the development of an integrated health, safety and environmental (HSE) management system within a range of industrial organisations. This included the development of tools for successful implementation of integrated systems, specifically for significance review, risk assessment and auditing. Resources and accreditation constraints precluded exhaustive testing of all clauses within the proposed integrated management standard. However, analysis of key aspects of the standard revealed: 1. The introduction and use of separate health, safety and environmental (HSE) management systems improved the standards of risk control within organisations. 2. Organisations perceived that there were clear business advantages in some form of integration of existing standards. 3. The developed integrated HSE standard was technically possible in the area of policy development, process operations, working instructions and documentation. However, the integration of risk assessment and audit tools gave limited advantages compared to existing separate systems. 4. The proposed integrated HSE standard complied with both individual European member states national legislative requirements and European/World-wide management standard criteria. In summary this thesis represents an original contribution to the field of integrated management systems. The thesis also identifies areas of further work that will increase the knowledge base, scope of application of the work carried out.

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6

Lamborg, Amy Davison. "Technical Communications at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH): An Internship Report." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1101936724.

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7

Nadig, Ragava. "Development of environmental health and safety database for small communities." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2113.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 95 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-70).

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8

Hassan, Syed Ahmed. "Health, safety and environmental practices in the construction sector of Pakistan." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-183327.

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Many south Asian countries are deficient in appropriate documentation, legislation and surveillance related to occupational health and safety (OHS). All these countries have high OHS incidence rate and labourers working in these countries are constantly exposed to occupational accidents and diseases. Although occupational accidents and work-related concerns have been in debate for a long time, no concrete moves have been taken, making situations worse and posing consistent coercions to an increasing labour force. The current research was carried out to examine the main hazards faced by construction workers in Pakistan and the response of health, safety and environment (HSE) department in plummeting these hazards and in certaining sustainability in construction companies in Pakistan. Workers working in the construction industry are incessantly bared to unsafe working conditions and have to confront several kind of hazards. This embraces exposure to sound, dust and toxic substances, issues of ergonomics, stress etc. This study employed a comprehensive fact-finding design. Data was harbored using interviews, academic articles and reports from international and national organisations. Employer, administration and labourers all lack knowledge about OHS issues in Pakistan. The majority of the labourers are unskilled, uninformed and unregistered. There are no native directives, which are coupled with both OHS and the construction industry. There is an absence of safety ethics, and neither reporting nor monitoring is conducted in the construction business. Companies see HSE issues as an economic burden which will eventually end up mounting production costs. Labourers don’t follow safety instructions; they don’t wear personal protective equipment (PPE), they reckon wearing this equipment would cause obstruction in their work and would influence their productivity. The use of PPE is essential in the construction activity, as it is considered as the last line of defence. All this has affected the construction industry tremendously collectively in terms of financial loss, human loss and image loss, and injury incidence rates have increased alarmingly. Implementation of sustainable development is a core responsibility of an HSE department. Dearth of HSE means lack of sustainability in the construction sector. Today, sustainability is an important aspect of development. It means that development should not only be economically feasable but also socially and environmentally viable both for current and future generations. There is much need to formulate new strict policy and laws or to amend old ones, laws which are effective and practical in promoting HSE and sustainability norms in the construction sector of Pakistan. The main hazards that are faced by construction workers are falling from height, lifting activity and electrocution. HSE departments play a chief role in minimizing worksite accidents and in promoting sustainable development in work settings. For ensuring sustainable practices on construction sites, HSE departments formulate integrated working policy, keeping in mind social, environmental and econmical aspects and considering inputs from all stakeholders. In addition, they look for innovative green technologies and green materials which are more environmental friendly, economical and require less energy.

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9

Goodfellow, Faith Juliet Lydiard. "Environmental management of chemical incidents : improving the public health response." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368612.

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10

Hamilton, Julia Hamilton. "INDOOR AIR QUALITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTING: MY INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE AS AN AIR MONITOR FOR NOVA ENVIRONMENTAL, INC." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1533128524889332.

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11

Kaliher, Thomas L. "Improve safety, health, and environmental protection through the introduction of Six Sigma." Online version, 2003. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2003/2003kalihert.pdf.

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12

Elzey, Sherrie Renee. "Applications and physicochemical characterization of nanomaterials in environmental, health, and safety studies." Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/494.

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As commercially manufactured nanomaterials become more commonplace, they have the potential to enter ecological and biological environments sometime during their lifecycle of production, distribution, use or disposal. Despite rapid advances in the production and application of nanomaterials, little is known about how nanomaterials may interact with the environment or affect human health. This research investigates an environmental application of nanomaterials and characterizes the physicochemical properties of commonly manufactured nanomaterials in environmental health and safety studies. Characterization of nanomaterials for applications and environmental health and safety studies is essential in order to understand how physicochemical properties correlate with chemical, ecological, or biological response or lack of response. Full characterization includes determining the bulk and surface properties of nanomaterials. Bulk characterization methods examine the shape, size, phase, electronic structure and crystallinity, and surface characterization methods include surface area, arrangement of surface atoms, surface electronic structure, surface composition and functionality. This work investigates the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO2 to N2 and O2 with ammonia on nanocrystalline NaY, Aldrich NaY and nanocrystalline CuY using in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. It was determined that the kinetics of SCR were 30% faster on nanocrystalline NaY compared to commercial NaY due to an increase in external surface area and external surface reactivity. Copper-cation exchanged nanocrystalline Y resulted in an additional increase in the rate of SCR as well as distinct NO2 and NH3 adsorption sites associated with the copper cation. These superior materials for reducing NOx could contribute to a cleaner environment. This work consists of characterization of commonly manufactured or synthesized nanomaterials and studies of nanomaterials in specific environmental conditions. Bulk and surface characterization techniques were used to examine carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, bare silver nanoparticles and polymer-coated silver nanoparticles, and copper nanoparticles. Lithium titanate nanomaterial was collected from a manufacturing facility was also characterized to identify occupational health risks. Particle size distribution measurements and chemical composition data showed the lithium titanate nanomaterial forms larger micrometer agglomerates, while the nanoparticles present were due to incidental processes. A unique approach was applied to study particle size during dissolution of nanoparticles in aqueous and acidic conditions. An electrospray coupled to a scanning mobility particle sizer (ES-SMPS) was used to determine the particle size distribution (PSD) of bare silver nanoparticles in nitric acid and copper nanoparticles in hydrochloric acid. The results show unique, size-dependent dissolution behavior for the nanoparticles relative to their micrometer sized counterparts. This research shows size-dependent properties of nanomaterials can influence how they will be transported and transformed in specific environments, and the behavior of larger sized materials cannot be used to predict nanomaterial behavior. The type of nanomaterial and the media it enters are important factors for determining the fate of the nanomaterial. These studies will be important when considering measures for exposure control and environmental remediation of nanomaterials.

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13

Kolundzija-Rainbird, Olivera Posarac. "Influences on child respiratory health in Belgrade, with particular reference to air pollution." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338304.

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14

Gouveia, Nelson Da Cruz. "Air pollution and health effects in Sao Paulo, Brazil : a time series analysis." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1998. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/1620625/.

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A time series study was conducted to investigate the association between variations in daily levels of air pollution and health effects in the city of sao Paulo, Brazil. This study was prompted by positive associations reported in other time series studies, principally in North AmeriE:a and Europe, and preliminary results from some limited analyses reported for sao Paulo. Its aims were to examine specific causes of mortality and hospital admissions, to identify more vulnerable subgroups defined in terms of age, to assess the role of socio-economic conditions in modifying the association and to detail the impact of other potential risk factors, especially meteorological. Daily measurements of air pollutants (PM10, S02, N02, 0 3 and CO) for 12 monitoring stations across the city and several meteorological variables, along with daily counts of mortality for all ages during 3 years and hospitalisations for children during 23 months were available. The time series models used Poisson regression analysis and were adjusted for effects of trend, cyclical patterns (including season), weekday, holidays, meteorological factors, and autocorrelation. Increases in PM10 and S02 were associated with a 3-4% increase in daily deaths for all causes in the elderly (results are presented for an increase from the 10th to the 90th centile of pollution measurements). Cardiovascular deaths were additionally associated with CO (4% increase). Respiratory deaths in the elderly showed higher increases (6%) associated with PM10• No significant effects for children's mortality were observed. Nevertheless, respiratory or pneumonia hospital admissions for children showed significant increases associated with 0 3 (5-8%), N02 (9%), and to a lesser extent with PM10 (9%). There was a significant trend of increasing risk of death according to age with effects only evident for older subjects. However, this age effect was more evident for all cause mortality. There was a weak suggestion of larger effects on mortality for areas economically more affluent. Some indication was found of a harvesting effect occurring in the mortality and hospital admission series in sao Paulo. Results are broadly consistent with those previously reported but somewhat smaller in magnitude. In contrast with an earlier preliminary analysis in Sao Paulo, there were no effects on mortality for children. However, new analyses for hospital admissions indicated that children are at an increased risk of non-fatal illness in relation to air pollution.

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15

Cherni, Judith A. "The contradictions of economic growth : environmental pollution, ill-health and economic development in Houston, Texas." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1997. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1469/.

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The core theme of this thesis is the potential contradiction between the objective of economic growth in terms of the sustenance of the natural environment and human health. The basic research theme is the identification of the underlying political and economic processes that relate to rising air pollution and corresponding ill-health in cities. It explores the relationship between air pollution and child ill-health in Houston, a highly developed US city. The analysis points out that since the early 1900s, there has been rampant unregulated economic growth in Houston and that weak environmental protection has contributed to both past and current concentrations of industrial pollution, the net result of which is that the environment is severely damaged and human health is deleteriously affected. The thesis indicates theoretical and epistemological limitations in emerging interpretations and highlights that air pollution and ill-health are not simply physical or social problems but they reflect the integration of biological mechanisms and political and economic priorities. This thesis reconceptualizes the connection between the economy and the environment, integrates abstract and empirical investigation, defines the structural character of spatial relations, combines global economic processes with local patterns of environmental degradation, and links historical growth to ecological and health changes. The field-work consisted of a large comparative household survey to examine local air pollution and child ill-health. It was informed by investigations of institutions and documents and complemented by semi-structured interviews. Clusters of child ill-health were found in low-and high-income households in areas near petrochemicals. While it is clear that the socio-economic circumstances of each household influenced the state of child health, this study demonstrates that spatial relations also played a significant role in the relationship. The procedures and analyses are conceptualized through a critical realist methodology, contextualized in a political-economy approach and framed within a theoretical perspective of historical social relations.

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16

Nesbitt, Jeffrey C. "Development of a systematic process to evaluate the effectiveness of environmental health and safety training at XYZ Medical Center." Online version, 2004. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2004/2004nesbittj.pdf.

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17

Bayram, Hasan. "The effect of air pollutants on functional and biochemical changes in bronchial epithelial cells from atopic patients with mild asthma and non-atopic non-asthmatic volunteers." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287215.

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18

Bullard, Jeremy. "Methods for describing localised variations in disease risk and application to childhood respiratory symptoms and road traffic in Sheffield." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272102.

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19

Brightmer, Mary Irene. "The spatial pattern of leprosy in the Cross River region of Nigeria." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358948.

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20

Evans, Peter J. "Community knowledge, attitudes and practices - urban mosquitoes and sustainable mosquito control." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241460.

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21

Howard, Guy. "Effective approaches to water supply surveillance in urban areas of developing countries." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2002. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/1032/.

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22

Anderson, Warwick Alistair Christian. "Development and application of a biomarker method to quantify human dietary exposure to phthalates." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250739.

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23

Hoinville, Linda. "An investigation of the epidemiology of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in ruminants." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300027.

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24

Barros, Aluisio Jardim Dornellas. "Health risks among young child day care centre attenders : the role of day care centre characteristics in common childhood illnesses." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244727.

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25

GarciÌa, Ana MariÌa. "Pesticide exposed workers in a Mediterranean agricultural area and congenital malformations : a case control study." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265769.

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26

Watterson, Patricia A. "Environmental factors in differential infant and child mortality decline in England and Wales, circa 1895 to 1910." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313117.

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27

Aslan, Hakan. "Risk averse routing of hazardous materials : a game theoretic approach." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275588.

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28

Raybould, Simon. "Environmental correlates of childhood leukaemia in Tyne and Wear." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329172.

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29

Soori, Hamid. "A study of some factors influencing the rate of childhood accidents after school." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318539.

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30

Barrett, Maxwell Jude. "A regulatory critique of European social policy with special reference to the Third Action Programme on workplace safety, health and hygiene 1987-1992." Thesis, University of Salford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308115.

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31

Ali, Mohammad Wijayanuddin bin. "Development of risk assessment framework for major accident hazards to the environment." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267203.

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32

Al-Saleh, Iman Abdulaziz. "Investigations of the prevalence and sources of lead exposure in Saudi children." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277282.

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33

Grainger, Peter. "Personal exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields from sources in the home and external environment." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341538.

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34

Cifuentes, Enrique. "Impact of wastewater irrigation on intestinal infections in a farming population in Mexico." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1996. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/682293/.

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An opportunistic study was carried out in central Mexico, where one of the world's largest wastewater reuse schemes for agricultural production is located. This scheme provided a unique opportunity to assess the health impact of exposure to wastewater of different qualities on intestinal parasitic infections and diarrhoeal diseases. The central objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of hydraulic retention on reducing the health risks associated with wastewater use. Exposure groups were defined according to eligibility procedures and to the quality of irrigation water. Microbiological quality was measured using nematode eggs and faecal coliforms as indicators. The exposure groups involved households: a) exposed to untreated wastewater; b) exposed to wastewater retained in a single reservoir; c) exposed to wastewater which had passed through two reservoirs in series, and been retained for some time in both; and d) nonwastewater-exposed households (controls). The study outcomes included risk of Ascaris lumbricoides, Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia infections, as well as the risk of diarrhoeal diseases. The study design was based on two cross-sectional surveys (rainy and dry seasons), and the analyses focused on both comparison of risks between the different exposure groups as well as the identification of at-risk groups. The two surveys involved different intermediate groups - (b) and (c) above - and the main purpose was to assess the effects of single versus double hydraulic retention. They are distinguished mainly for this purpose, rather than the evaluation of possible seasonal fluctuations of the study outcomes. Other variables (i.e. socioeconomic, hygiene and sanitation) were analysed as confounders using a multivariate model. In young children the prevalence rates of A. lumbricoides infection were considerably higher in the raw wastewater group (13.7%), and lower prevalences were observed with decreasing exposure (11.8% in the single reservoir group, 3.3% in the double reservoirs group, and 0.6 - 2.5% in the control group). A high prevalence rate of G.lamblia was observed in children (17 - 20.5%), but no association with untreated wastewater was found. The prevalence rates of E. histolytica infection in children from the various exposure groups ranged between 4.8 - 7.0%, but were considerably higher in older individuals: 15.7 and 16.5% in the two surveys among the raw wastewater group, compared with 13.2% and 14.7% respectively in the controls. In addition, a high prevalence of diarrhoeal diseases (two-weeks recall period) was found in the rainy season, particularly in young children from the raw wastewater exposure group, and lower prevalences were observed with decreasing exposure (29.0% in the raw wastewater group, 26.8% in the two reservoirs group, and 23.0 % in the control group, respectively). The overall prevalences of Cryptosporidium parvum and Trichuris trichiura infections were unexpectedly low (below 1% and 4%, respectively), and excluded from further consideration. The intensity of A. lumbricoides infection was evaluated in a parallel study, and is not reported here. The main findings of the present study can be summarised as follows: - Cropland irrigation with raw wastewater was strongly associated with A. lumbricoides infection in farmworkers and their families, with a risk of diarrhoeal diseases, and with a small but significant risk of E. histolytica infection in individuals aged over 5 years. - The differences observed in the prevalences of A. lumbricoides infection and diarrhoeal diseases were similar in both seasons, but the prevalences in the control group were lower in the dry season; thus, the relative effect of wastewater use was greater in the dry season. - Retention of wastewater in two reservoirs in series (2-6 months) reduced substantially the risk of A. lumbricoides infection, and to a lesser extent the risk of E. histolytica infection, and possibly the risk of diarrhoeal diseases in young children. - Retention of wastewater in a single reservoir (1 - 7 months) did not reduce the risk of A. lumbricoides or E. histolytica infection, but may reduce the ri sk of diarrhoeal diseases in children by 20%. - No association between exposure to raw wastewater and infection with G. lamblia was detected in this research. - Parasitic intestinal infections and diarrhoeal diseases showed significant associations with variables describing personal and domestic hygiene, basic sanitation and socioeconomic characteristics. These results are discussed in relation to local regulations and health protection measures, as well as in light of the WHO 1989 revised guidelines for restricted crop irrigation.

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Al-Khulaifi, Nabeel. "Benzene exposure from automobiles fuelled with petrol." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3099.

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Benzene is a leukaemogenic and mutagenic agent, which may pose a risk to the general public even at low levels of exposure. Since petrol fuel contains a high concentration (1-5%) of benzene, there is the potential for exposure to man during car journeys. The main aim of this study was to develop and validate a sensitive method to detect urinary t,t-muconic acid (uMA) following low level environmental exposures to benzene. Subjects potentially exposed to benzene were divided into petrol (n= 9) and diesel groups (n= 7). The control group (n=14) consisted of individuals who were not exposed to benzene inside the car. The uMA method developed during this study involved butanol extraction instead of the traditional solid phase extraction followed by DV (259nm) detection. The method was reasonably precise (CV=1.5%) with >80% recovery from urIne. Air samples were collected on charcoal tubes and analysed for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes by GCMS following extraction with purified carbon disulphide. The benzene concentration of ambient air samples taken from inside the cabins of petrol fuelled cars (7.5 ppb) was about triple that found from diesel-fuelled cars (2.6 ppb)(P=O.Ol). The uMA of volunteers exposed to petrol increased (p<0.01) post-sample in compared to pre-exposure level (0.66mgMA/gCr and 0.38mgMA/gCr, respectively). There was no increase in uMA for volunteers exposed to diesel. The uMA level of samples collected from individuals 2h-7h after exposure to petrol showed a significant association with the air benzene (p=0.012) and toluene (p=0.042) concentrations taken inside the car cabins. Half of the 24h-profiles of individuals exposed to petrol had at least one urine with 1 mgMA/gCr or higher, while all of the profiles of controls were below 1 mgMA/gCr. The technique developed in this study for the determination uMA showed promise as a tool for monitoring levels of benzene arising from low-level environmental exposures to petrol.

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36

Vrijheid, Martine. "Risk of congenital anomaly in relation to residence near hazardous waste landfill sites." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2000. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/682274/.

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The main aim of this thesis is to investigate whether residence near hazardous waste landfill sites is associated with an increased risk of congenital anomaly. The thesis reports results of a multi-centre case-control study carried out in 10 regions in 6 European countries. Cases were live births, stillbirths, and induced abortions with major congenital anomalies resident at birth within a 7 km area around hazardous waste landfill sites. Controls, two per case, were non-malformed births resident in the same area. A total of 1089 cases of non-chromosomal anomaly, 270 cases of chromosomal anomaly, and 2508 controls were selected around 26 landfill sites. A 3 km zone around sites was defined as the zone of most likely exposure. An expert panel of four landfill specialists scored each landfill site according to their potential to cause exposure of nearby residents. A statistically significant 33% excess in risk of non-chromosomal anomalies was found for living within 3 km of a hazardous waste landfill site. The risk of non-chromosomal anomaly declined steadily with increasing distance from a site. Confounding factors or biases do not readily explain these findings. Risk of chromosomal anomalies was raised near sites but did not reach statistical significance. There was little evidence for relative risk of congenital anomaly (non-chromosomal or chromosomal) close to landfill sites to be associated with hazard potential of landfill sites, adding little support to a possible causal relationship. However, in the absence of a 'gold-standard' for the classification of hazard potential, misclassification of sites may have occurred. Lack of information on exposure of residents near the study sites or near landfill sites in general, limits interpretation of the results. Socio-economic status is a potential confounding factor in the current study but little is known in the literature about socio-economic status as a risk factor for congenital anomaly. This study finds a higher risk of non-chromosomal congenital anomaly and certain specific malformation groups in more deprived populations. These findings require follow-up in studies with larger geographical coverage.

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37

Wong, Wang. "Risk assessment of exposure to lead : comparison between Shanghai, China and Birmingham, UK." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7604.

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38

Glenister, Helen Mary. "Surveillance methods for hospital infection." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1991. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/664/.

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Eight selective surveillance methods were assessed for their effectiveness in detecting hospital infection and the time required for data collection. The methods were compared with a reference method which was designed to identify all patients and infections in the study population (patients occupying 122 beds of a district general hospital). The selective methods were: - laboratory based ward surveillance - laboratory based telephone surveillance - ward liaison surveillance - laboratory based ward liaison surveillance - risk factor surveillance - temperature chart surveillance - treatment chart surveillance - temperature and treatment chart surveillance. The proportions of community acquired infection (CAI) and hospital acquired infection (HAI) detected by the selective surveillance methods varied; the highest proportion of CAI (70%) was identified by treatment chart surveillance, and temperature and treatment chart surveillance, and of HAI (71%), detected by laboratory based ward liaison surveillance. The time for data collection ranged from 1.5 hours/122 beds/week for laboratory based telephone surveillance to almost 8 hours for temperature and treatment chart surveillance. The time for the reference method was 22.1 hours/122 beds/week. Using the proportion of patients with HAI detected and time required for data collection to assess the methods, laboratory based ward liaison surveillance was the most effective and an efficient method. This method was revised minimally and introduced into six district general hospitals by infection control nurses. The time for data collection ranged from 4 to almost 8 hours/120 beds/week. The revision did not affect the proportion of HAI detected, however, the proportion of CAI identified was significantly reduced. The reproducibility of laboratory based ward liaison surveillance was good. The results will enable infection control teams to make an objective and rational choice of methods for the surveillance of hospital infection.

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39

Troesch, Emma Linette. "Safety Analysis in Transportation Planning: A Planning and Geographic Information Systems Internship with the Miami Valley Regional Planning Commission." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1429606326.

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40

Garvin, Theresa Dawn. "Evidence, policy and practice in environmental health : an international case study of sun safety /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0033/NQ66209.pdf.

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41

Turunen, H. (Hanna). "Analysis of health, safety, environmental and quality management in a network of port operators." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2014. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201402121085.

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The Barents area has vast natural resources that are for the most part still untapped. Global warming and improvements in technology have recently made it easier to access those resources. This has created growth in the areas of production and business life. High level of health, safety, environment and quality management enables Finland to compete efficiently in the growing market for the novel logistics solutions. The University of Oulu has created the HSEQ Assessment Procedure in cooperation with large companies and their interest groups. The Assessment Procedure is originally created for process industry and offers benefits like comparable data on the assessed company’s management, reduction of overlapping external audits and spreading of know-how along and between supply chains. So far it has been used mainly in the process industry. This thesis studies it’s applicability for a network of port operators. The study explores the HSEQ Assessment Procedure, its use and main principles. A review of related Finnish and international legislation and the functions of ports were performed. The empirical part of research is based on three port operators of one Finnish port. Their level of health, safety, environment and quality management was evaluated and compared with the requirement level of the Assessment Procedure. As a result it can be noted that the HSEQ Assessment Procedure can be well adapted to be used in port companies and its implementation could be beneficial. This means that further research of the applicability of the Assessment Procedure is encouraged. Having been tested on the port operations, the Assessment Procedure can be utilized for the other business areas. Thus the Assessment Procedure could even become a nationwide practice
Barentsin alueella kuten muillakin arktisilla alueilla on valtavat suurelta osin vielä hyödyntämättömät luonnonvarat. Ilmaston lämpeneminen ja teknologian kehitys ovat viime aikoina mahdollistaneet pääsyn noihin luonnonvaroihin. Sen myötä alueen tuotannollinen ja kaupallinen elämä on kasvussa. Suomi on yksi kilpailijoista kasvavien logististen tarpeiden ratkaisuja vertaillessa. Maan etuna kilpailussa on sen tunnetusti korkeatasoinen terveys-, turvallisuus-, ympäristö- ja laatujohtaminen. Oulun yliopisto on kehittänyt yhteistyössä suurten yritysten ja näiden sidosryhmien kanssa HSEQ-palvelutoimittajien arviointimenetelmän. Menetelmän etuina ovat vertailukelpoinen tieto arvioitavien yritysten johtamisen tasosta, samansisältöisten ulkoisten auditointien väheneminen ja tietotaidon leviäminen toimitusketjuja pitkin ja niiden välillä. Menetelmää on käytetty tähän mennessä lähinnä prosessiteollisuudessa. Tässä diplomityössä tutkitaan sen sovellettavuutta satama-alan yritysten arviointiin. Tutkimuksessa perehdyttiin HSEQ-arviointimenetelmään ja sen käyttöön ja periaatteeseen. Myös siihen aihepiirien suomalaiseen ja kansainväliseen lainsäädäntöön sekä satamien toimintaan perehdyttiin kirjallisuustutkimuksen avulla. Empiirinen tutkimus suoritettiin tutustumalla kolmeen samassa satamassa toimivan yritykseen. Niiden terveys-, turvallisuus-, ympäristö- ja laatujohtamista arvioitiin laadullisten haastattelujen avulla ja vertailtiin tuloksia HSEQ-arviointimenetelmän käytön vaatimuksien tasoon. Myös menetelmän käyttöönoton tuomia muutoksia arvioitiin. Tulokseksi saatiin, että arviointimenetelmä on hyvin sovellettavissa myös satama-alan yrityksiin ja sen käyttöönotosta voitaisiin saada hyötyjä satamissa toimivissa yrityksissä. Tuloksesta voidaan päätellä, että menetelmän soveltamista tulisi tutkia vielä laajemmalti. Sen käytön sopiminen satama-alalle tukee olettamusta sen mahdollisesta soveltuvuudesta myös muiden alojen yrityksiin, jolloin sen hyötyjä voitaisiin levittää laajalti suomalaiseen yritystoimintaan. Näin menetelmästä saatettaisiin kehittää jopa maanlaajuinen käytäntö

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42

Cheema, Mahmood A. (Mahmood Ahmad). "Environmental health, risk analysis and safety aspects of nuclear magnetic resonance and spectroscopy systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/129503.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 1991.
Title as it appears in the June, 1991 M.I.T. Graduate List: Geochemistry and petrogenesis of basalts from Broken Ridge and Naturaliste Plateau, S.E. Indian Ocean.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 47-48).
by Mahmood A. Cheema.
Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 1991.

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43

Sanders, Jana Farrell. "REPORT ON AN INTERNSHIP WITH THE FORT WAYNE-ALLEN COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, FORT WAYNE, INDIANA." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1081980904.

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44

Cartwright, Elizabeth 1959. "Malignant emotions: Indigenous perceptions of environmental, social and bodily dangers in Mexico." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282765.

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This dissertation is based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in San Pedro Amuzgos, Oaxaca and on La Coasta Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. In it I trace the movements of migrant farmworkers who come from southern Mexico to work in the grape fields of Sonora. Within that context of movement and change, I focus on understanding how illnesses are perceived and how they are healed. First I explore this issue, in depth, in their homeplace in rural Oaxaca. I follow specific illness events among residents of Amuzgos and I allow individuals actions and their reflections on those actions act as a corrective to static notions of the "Latino Folk Illnesses" that exemplify the way in which residents of this small village conceptualize their bodily problems. Local understandings of illnesses are embedded in the village as a specific Place where the topography of the village is inhabited by dangerous spirits that cause health problems for the Amuzgos. To heal, is to heal the Place where negative things occurred as well as the bodies that manifest negative symptoms. Following the Amuzgos up to the fields of Sonora, I focus on how the changing environmental context influences their perceptions of the sources of illnesses and the ways in which they treat them. In particular, I focus on the ways in which they conceptualize the health problems that arise from exposures to the pesticides that are ubiquitous in the fields and camps where they live and work.

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45

Gonzales, Melissa 1963. "Occupational exposure to azinphos-methyl: Correlating biological markers to environmental residue levels." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291604.

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Peach harvester exposure to azinphos-methyl (AZM) residues estimated by the Transfer Factor (TF) ratio of Dislodgeable Foliar Residue (DFR) to Daily Dermal Exposure (DDE) was compared to estimates based on the relationship between dermal exposure and dialkylphosphate metabolite excretion. DFR was monitored in four orchards from the time of pesticide application through harvest. Eleven male harvesters wore cotton tee-shirt dosimeters and provided area-specific skin washes and wipes for DDE monitoring during work operations. Urinary dialkylphosphate metabolites of AZM were also monitored and compared to DDE results. During a later harvest for which DDE was not determined, the dermal exposure estimated by the TF (1,310 μg) was comparable to the estimates based on dialkylphosphate excretion (1,456-1,534 μg). A repeated measures ANOVA showed that harvesters' cholinesterase levels were significantly lower than 'non-harvesters'. No significant reductions in cholinesterase levels were detected over time.

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46

Silver, Ken, Ying Li, Emmanuel Odame, and Yuqiang Zhang. "Effects of Global Warming on Work-Rest Routines for Crop Workers in Appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2629.

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Background: Workers in outdoor occupations are expected to be at high risk of increased morbidity and mortality, and diminished productivity, as a result of global warming in the 21st century. A previous modelling study of geographic variations in heat-related mortality risk in projected U.S. populations mid-century showed the states of Tennessee, Kentucky and North Carolina to be highly vulnerable. Methods: Under both the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emissions scenarios of IPCC AR5, we evaluate the effect of future warming on estimated Wet Bulb Globe Thermometer (WBGT) temperatures using model-simulated future climate variables that were dynamically downscaled by a regional meteorology model for years 2049-2052. Select Appalachian counties in the three states that are presently dependent upon agricultural crop production are the focus of this analysis. Results: Using predicted WBGT temperatures, together with estimated work loads for hand harvesting of crops, alterations in work-rest routines under heat stress prevention guidelines are presented. Conclusions: Assumptions needed to translate these altered work-rest routines into measures of productivity and economic loss are discussed. Issues in extending the modelling to heat-related morbidity and mortality in outdoor worker populations are considered in terms of data gaps and major sources of uncertainty.

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47

Reynolds, Tiffany L. "Analysis of Occupational Safety Practices across Regional Campuses at Ohio University." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1398849131.

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48

Augustine, Steven. "Sound Attenuation Performance of Fiber-reinforced Polymer Composite Circumaural Hearing Protection Devices." Thesis, University of South Florida, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1595804.

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Personnel who work on the flight deck of an aircraft carrier are exposed to extreme levels of jet engine noise often in excess of 140 decibels (dB). The current circumaural hearing protective devices (CAHPD) employed by flight deck crewmen are inadequate for the level of protection required for these extreme levels of noise. Fiber-reinforced thermoset polymer composite (FRPC) materials such as aramid fibers used in body armor, have high theoretical values of acoustic impedance due to a fundamentally high modulus of elasticity and may offer a superior level of hearing protection over original equipment (OE) thermoplastic CAHPDs. The objective of this project was to measure and evaluate the attenuation of CAHPD’s constructed from FRPC materials. FRPC CAHPD ear cups were paired with OE thermoplastic CAHPD ear cups of equal shape and thickness, and the protected and unprotected A-weighted sound pressure level (SPL) was measured in continuous and impulse noise environments >80 dBA using a JOLENE manikin. These data were evaluated for paired differences between the protected and unprotected mean SPL, and OE protected and FRPC protected mean SPL and indicates that OE thermoplastic CAHPDs provide greater sound attenuation of continuous noise >80 dBA and aramid FRPC CAHPDs provide greater sound attenuation of impulse noise >80 dBA.

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49

Rossner, Alan. "The development and evaluation of a novel personal air sampling canister for the collection of gases and vapors /." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84428.

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A continuing challenge in occupational hygiene is that of estimating exposure to the multitude of airborne chemicals found in the workplace and surrounding community. Occupational exposure limits (OELs) have been established to prescribe the acceptable time weighted average for many different chemicals. Comparing the OELs to the measured workplace concentration allows occupational hygienists to assess the health risks and the need for control measures. Hence, methods to more effectively sample contaminants in the workplace are necessary to ensure that accurate exposure characterizations are completed. Evacuated canisters have been used for many years to collect ambient air samples for gases and vapors. Recently, increased interest has arisen in using evacuated canisters for personal breathing zone sampling as an alternative to sorbent samplers. A capillary flow control device was designed at McGill University mid 1990s. The flow control device was designed to provide a very low flow rate to allow a passive sample to be collected over an extended period of time. This research focused on the development and evaluation of a methodology to use a small canister coupled with the capillary flow controllers to collect long term time weighted air samples for gases and vapors.
A series of flow rate experiments were done to test the capillary flow capabilities with a 300 mL canister for sampling times ranging from a few minutes to over 40 hours. Flow rates ranging from 0.05 to 1.0 mL/min were experimentally tested and empirical formulae were developed to predict flow rates for given capillary geometries. The low flow rates allow for the collection of a long term air sample in a small personal canister.
Studies to examine the collection of air contaminants were conducted in laboratory and in field tests. Air samples for six volatile organic compounds were collected from a small exposure chamber using the capillary-canisters, charcoal tubes and diffusive badges at varied concentrations. The results from the three sampling devices were compared to each other and to concentration values obtained by an on-line gas chromatography. The results indicate that the capillary-canister compares quite favorably to the sorbent methods and to the on line GC values for the six compounds evaluated.
Personal air monitoring was conducted in a large exposure chamber to assess the effectiveness of the capillary-canister method to evaluate breathing zone samples. In addition, field testing was performed at a manufacturing facility to assess the long term monitoring capabilities of the capillary-canister. Precision and accuracy were found to parallel that of sorbent sampling methods.
The capillary-canister device displayed many positive attributes for occupational and community air sampling. Extended sampling times, greater capabilities to sample a broad range of chemicals simultaneously, ease of use, ease of analysis and the low relative cost of the flow controller should allow for improvements in exposure assessment.

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Simon, Philippe 1964. "Long-term integrated sampling to characterize airborne volatile organic compounds in indoor and outdoor environments." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34455.

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Sampling methods used for the assessment of exposure to volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) in the workplace or for environmental studies are now limited to an upper integrative sampling time of 24 hours or less. Generally, these methods lack versatility and are difficult to use. A passive sampler that can extend sampling periods was developed as part of this research. This novel sampler relies on capillary tubes to restrict and control ambient air entry into an evacuated sample container.
A mathematical model was derived by modifications to the Hagen-Poiseuille and ideal gas laws. This model defines the relationship between container volume and capillary geometry (length/internal diameter) required to provide selected sampling times. Based on theoretical considerations, simulations were performed to study the effects of dimensional parameters. From these results, capillaries having 0.05 and 0.10 mm internal diameters were selected according to their ability to reduce sampling flow rates and to increase sampling times. Different capillary lengths were tested on various sampler prototypes. It was found that a constant sampling flow rate was delivered when a maximum discharge rate was established under the influence of a pressure gradient between a vacuum and ambient pressure. Experimental flow rates from 0.018 to 2.6 ml/min were obtained and compared with model predictions. From this comparison, empirical relationships between capillary geometry and maximum discharge rate given by the pressure gradient were defined. Essentially, based on these empirical relationships, capillary sampling flow controller specifications can be calculated to offer extended integrated sampling periods. On this basis, sampler prototypes were configured for stationary sampling and personal sampling.
Studies, based on theory, have indicated that factors such as temperature, humidity and longitudinal molecular diffusion are not likely to influence the passive sampling process. Subsequent experiments confirmed that temperature changes should not significantly affect flow rates delivered by controllers, and that molecular diffusion does not have any impact on the representativeness of long-term samples. Recovery tests provided acceptable results demonstrating that selected capillaries do not contribute to adsorption that could seriously affect the validity of this sampling approach.
Field demonstration studies were performed with both stationary and personal sampler prototypes in the indoor and outdoor environments. The performance of the sampler compared favorably, and in some instances, exceeded that of accepted methodology. These novel samplers were more reliable, had greater versatility and principally, allowed sampling periods extending from hours to a month. These inherent qualities will assist industrial hygienists and environmentalists in the study of emission sources, pollutant concentrations, dispersion, migration and control measures. This novel sampler is presently the only device available for the effective study of episodic events of VOC emission.
Selected capillary geometries acting as a restriction to the entry of ambient air into evacuated sample container can provide a simple, versatile and reliable alternative for the collection of VOCs. This approach can contribute to a better understanding of VOC effects on human health and the environment.

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