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Klausmeier, Robert F., and Irwin F. Billick. "Comparative analysis of the environmental impact of alternative transportation fuels." Energy & Fuels 7, no. 1 (January 1993): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef00037a006.
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Egilmez, Gokhan, and Yong Park. "TRACI Assessment of Transportation Manufacturing Nexus in the U.S.: A Supply Chain-linked Cradle-to-Gate LCA." Environmental Management and Sustainable Development 4, no. 2 (August 20, 2015): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v4i2.7427.
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<p class="emsd0505"><span lang="EN-GB">Sustainable transportation is an inevitable component of sustainable development intitiatives for mitigating the climate change impacts and stabilizing the rising carbon emissions thus global temperature. In this context, comprehensive analysis of the environmental impact of transportation can play a critical role towards quantifying the midpoint environmental and human health related impacts associated with the transportation activities triggered by manufacturing sectors. This study traces the life cycle impact of the U.S. transportation and manufacturing sectors’ nexus using Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemicals and Other Environmental Impacts (TRACI) in the context of the Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment (EIO-LCA) framework considering the following midpoint impact categories: ‘global warming’, ‘particulate matter’, ‘eutrophication’, ‘acidification’, and ‘smog air’. Both direct (onsite) and indirect (supply chain) industries’ relationships with transportation industry are considered as the main scope. Results indicated that top ten contributor manufacturing sectors accounted for over 55% total environmental impacts on each impact category. Additionally, based on the decomposition analysis, food manufacturing sector was found to be the major contributor to smog air with an approximate share of 21% in the entire supply chain. Automobile related manufacturing sectors also have significant impact on all five life cycle impact categories that the environmental impact of transportation is higher than on-site (direct) impact. Overall decomposition analysis of 53 manufacturing sector indicated that the environmental impact of transportation has severe effects on ‘smog air’, ‘eutrophication’ and ‘acidification’ with a share of 16.4%, 10.5%, and 6.0%, respectively. When we consider the average percentage share of transportation related environmental impact on the entire supply chain, U.S manufacturing sectors have a negative impact with a share of 18.8% of ‘smog air’, 16.8% for ‘eutrophication’, and 8.1% for ‘acidification’. </span></p>
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Andrzejewski, Maciej, Paweł Daszkiewicz, Jan Strzemkowski, and Andrzej Ziółkowski. "Ecological analysis of semi-trailers transportation." Transport Economics and Logistics 81 (March 12, 2019): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/etil.2019.81.01.
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The dynamic development of transport recorded in recent decades is an important factor in the economic development of the world on the one hand, and on the other hand, it is a significant source of nuisance and environmental problems. The adverse impact of transport can be felt both in the natural environment and in society, where the dynamic development of this sector has enabled significant civilization development, with the effects varying depending on the level of economic development, the degree of advancement and the use of various transport sectors, geographical location (including climate), and also the sensitivity of the elements of the environment. Considering contemporary transport hazards, it is important to prevent them from occurring, and when that is not possible – limiting their impact on the environment and reducing the scale and extent of negative impacts.
In the paper the environmental and social nuisance of transport of goods loaded in semi-trailers was analyzed. The transport of semi-trailers using intermodal wagons pulled by the diesel locomotive in accordance with the assumptions adopted in the railway with the maximum length of train composition was, inter alia, taken into account. The ecological aspects focused on such harmful compounds as: carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides.
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Rohács, József, and Dániel Rohács. "TOTAL IMPACT EVALUATION OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS." Transport 35, no. 2 (May 11, 2020): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2020.12640.
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Impact assessment, in general, includes the environmental safety and security considerations, and cost/cost-benefit analysis of the used sources. As usual, the impact is evaluated at two levels: (1) impact during operation (usage) related to a chosen operational unit (e.g., running distance [km], operational time [h] or calendar time [h]), (2) the life-cycle (project life-cycle) impact. The environmental impact is characterized by the chemical and noise emissions. Safety and security are estimated by risks. Costs are calculated based on the required financial support and caused losses. All these calculations are related to the individual vehicles or vehicles with average behaviours. The investigation of sustainability impact requires a wider evaluation and approach, for example, by also including production and recycling beside the operational aspects. This paper generalizes the impact analysis. At first, it considers all types of impacts including the direct (e.g., accidents) and indirect long-term effects (e.g., health problems caused by emissions). All the impacts are expressed as costs. The defined Sustainable Transportation Performance Index (STPI) is the Total Life-Cycle Cost (TLCC) related to the unit of transport work. As such, it combines the life-cycle emissions evaluation and transport costing methods. It contains the total operational and total impact costs. The proposed approach introduces three new specific features in the impact analysis: (1) the impact is evaluated on the transportation system level, (2) the impact is estimated as the total value (including all the related sub-systems and elements, like vehicles, transport infrastructure, transport flow control, etc.), (3) proposes a unique index to describe the total impact. The paper describes the general equations and the developed methodology for the estimation of the total impact and analyses its applicability. The preliminary results demonstrate the applicability of the defined index and its evaluation methodology. It also shows the limitations of traditional cost models. Further test results and wider application of the methodology will be provided in a series of follow up papers by the research team.
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Tang, Tianbo, Jianxin You, Hui Sun, and Hao Zhang. "Transportation Efficiency Evaluation Considering the Environmental Impact for China’s Freight Sector: A Parallel Data Envelopment Analysis." Sustainability 11, no. 18 (September 18, 2019): 5108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11185108.
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The freight sector is an important component of China’s national economy. It is composed of multiple sub-sectors and has a complex internal structure. This internal structure can hide information on the freight sector’s operational performance. Previous studies on transportation operational performance made measurements based on the whole transportation sector, and all of these studies ignored the impacts that the internal structure of the sub-sectors have on performance, which leaves a gap in the research. To illustrate this structure, this study proposes a parallel slacks-based measure model to measure transportation efficiency, which can represent the freight sector’s operational performance. The efficiencies of transportation operations for the whole freight sector and its three sub-sectors are further measured, by treating the sub-sectors as parallel subunits. Then, the inefficiency sources from the sub-sectors can be identified by the proposed model. To detect the environmental impact on transportation operations, energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions are also considered in the evaluation. On the basis of the proposed approach, an application of the Chinese freight sector from 2013 to 2017 is provided. The impacts of influential factors on transportation efficiency are also explored. The empirical findings can be illustrated as follows: (1) there exist significant disparities in regional transportation efficiencies in the freight sector and its sub-sectors; (2) the inefficient transportation performance of the Chinese freight sector mainly derives from the poor performance of the waterway sub-sector; and (3) freight volume and population density have positive impacts on the transportation efficiencies of the railway and highway sub-sectors. Finally, some policies for improving transportation efficiency are also provided.
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Decorla-Souza, Patrick, Harry Cohen, Dan Haling, and James Hunt. "Using STEAM for Benefit-Cost Analysis of Transportation Alternatives." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1649, no. 1 (January 1998): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1649-08.
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The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act emphasizes assessment of multimodal alternatives and demand management strategies. This emphasis has increased the need for planners to provide good comparative information to decision makers with regard to proposed alternative transportation solutions. Benefit-cost analysis is a useful tool to compare the economic worth of alternatives and evaluate tradeoffs between economic benefits and nonmonetizable social and environmental impacts. FHWA has developed a new tool for benefit-cost analysis called the Surface Transportation Efficiency Analysis Model (STEAM). The software is based on the principles of economic analysis and allows development of monetized impact estimates for a wide range of transportation investments and policies, including major capital projects, pricing, and travel demand management. Impact measures are monetized to the extent feasible, and quantitative estimates of natural resource usage (e.g., energy consumption) and environmental impact (e.g., pollutant emissions) are also provided. Decision makers can then use net monetary benefits (or costs) of alternatives as computed by STEAM to evaluate tradeoffs against nonmonetizable impacts. The software was applied in evaluation of corridor alternatives for the Central Freeway corridor in the hypothetical urban area of Any City, U.S.A.
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Wangai, Agnes, Utku Kale, and Sergey Kinzhikeyev. "AN APPLICATION OF IMPACT CALCULATION METHOD IN TRANSPORTATION." Transport 35, no. 4 (November 23, 2020): 435–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2020.13909.
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Forecasted/projected rise of impacts in modes of transportation has necessitated a new rethinking of the evaluation of total impact. While most researchers deal with defined parts (like environmental impact) of the total impact. The total impact calculation methodology includes: (1) analysis of all the impacts (environmental impact, safety and security, costs, cost benefits and sustainability), (2) evaluation on the transportation system level, (3) as their total value (including all the related sub-systems and elements, i.e. transport infrastructure, transport flow control), (4) generation of total impact index. Such an index might be called as transport total sustainability index. The paper defines the Total Impact Performance Index (TIPI) evaluating the total impact in the form of generalized (summarized) costs, specifies its calculation methodology, develops a simplified Excel based calculation methods. It aims to demonstrate the applicability of this methodology, which involves evaluation of impacts in more detailed forms, two parts calculation methods namely impact of road transport safety aspects and impact of the railway transport. Finally, some selected results of the applied new index calculation and developed methodology are introduced and analysed.
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Zaporozhets, Oleksandr, Volodymyr Isaienko, and Kateryna Synylo. "PARE preliminary analysis of ACARE FlightPath 2050 environmental impact goals." CEAS Aeronautical Journal 12, no. 3 (July 5, 2021): 653–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13272-021-00525-7.
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Zhang, Yu Feng, Xian Zheng Gong, Zhi Hong Wang, and Yu Liu. "Environment Impact of Freight Transportation in China." Materials Science Forum 787 (April 2014): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.787.144.
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Transportation is an important part of industrial production systems, with serious energy consumption and environmental pollution. In this study, environment impact of road transportation, river freight in the Yangtze River, and railway transportation was established and analyzed by life cycle assessment method. The analysis results show that CO2 is the largest emission of pollutants for freight transport in China. abiotic depletion potential (ADP) of electric locomotives significantly lower than the other five kinds of shipping methods, only 3.2% of diesel locomotive, 3.9% of the Yangtze barges fleet; 1.2% of the Yangtze Cargo vessel, 0.2% of heavy-duty trucks and 0.1% of light-duty trucks. The results show that accomplishing the same cargo turnover, light-duty truck has the largest environmental impact, while the Electric locomotive freight has the minimum environmental impact. Although the environmental impact of river freight transport is greater than rail transport, but it is far less than road transport.
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Ma, Chun, Ying Wang, Xiao Chun Zhang, and Guang Yu Zhang. "Suitability Analysis of Ecological Restoration for Coastal Area under Transportation Construction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 1965–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.1965.
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Harbors or seaports are major hub of human economic activities, and also centers of environmental issues, which have environmental impacts on the estuary, tidal marshes and coastal wetlands. This paper analyzed the impact of transportation construction on coastal area, reviewed the ecological restoration techniques for habitat under transportation construction, proposed the procedure of suitability analysis of ecological restoration and established an evaluation criteria framework of ecological restoration suitability. The suitability framework which is set up by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in this paper could be applied to analyze suitability for ecological restoration of transportation construction projects.
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Tian, Yong, Mengyuan Sun, Lili Wan, and Xu Hang. "Environmental Impact Analysis of Hub-and-Spoke Network Operation." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2020 (April 21, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3682127.
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The hub-and-spoke network has demonstrated its economies of scale and scope in the rapid development of the civil aviation industry. In order to fit the development trend of green civil aviation, a series of environmental problems such as fuel consumption and pollutant emissions caused by air transportation cannot be ignored. Firstly, this paper selects six cities of Shenyang, Beijing, Qingdao, Zhengzhou, Guangzhou, and Nanjing as the research objects, collects the passenger flow and the distance information of the corresponding segment, determines the location of the hub airport, analyzes the operating environment of the aircraft in the hub-and-spoke network, establishes an aircraft emission assessment model, and calculates the mass of aircraft emissions and fuel consumption. Secondly, based on the calculation results, the comparison of aircraft emissions and fuel consumption between the hub-and-spoke network and the point-to-point network shows that the total carbon monoxide (CO) emissions are reduced by 35.84%, the total hydrocarbon compounds (HC) emissions are increased by 68.82%, and the total nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions are increased by 24.87%. The total mass of pollutants (including CO, HC, and NOx) decreased by 29.37%, and the total fuel consumption decreased by 68.17%. In general, the use of a hub-and-spoke network reduces the pollutant emissions and fuel consumption of aircraft as a whole while ensuring the lowest passenger transportation cost. Finally, based on the current international situation and the enhancement of people’s awareness of environmental protection, a summary analysis of the hub-and-spoke network and the point-to-point network is obtained, and some enlightenment and research significance are obtained.
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Fernández, María José, Verónica García Fronti, and Andrea Parma. "Environmental analysis of university students’ mode of transportation and paper consumption." Visión de Futuro, no. 24, No 2 (Julio - Diciembre) (July 1, 2020): 146–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.36995/j.visiondefuturo.2020.24.02.004.en.
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The activities undertaken in educational organizations have a certain environmental impact. Analyzing their effect on the environment makes it possible to determine and prioritize actions aimed at minimizing it. One way to quantify such effect is by means of the Ecological Footprint environmental indicator, which has a high potential when used as an awareness-raising tool. These types of organizations have a high level of paper consumption. In addition, students commute to their campuses, thus involving an intensive use of transport systems (trains, subway, buses, bicycles, and private cars). In order to calculate the Ecological Footprint indicator, a survey responded to by students of the ‘Mathematical Analysis II’ subject at the School of Economics of the Universidad de Buenos Aires was carried out, so as to determine their paper consumption and the mode of transportation used to attend their classes. Based on these data, the environmental impact of this activity was calculated. This paper describes the methodology used and presents the results obtained for these two environmental aspects: paper consumption and students’ transport.
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El-Gafy, Mohamed, Tariq Abdelhamid, and Yassir AbdelRazig. "Environmental Impact Analysis Using Hybrid Decision Support Framework: A Transportation Project Case Study." International Journal of Construction Education and Research 6, no. 3 (September 13, 2010): 219–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15578771.2010.508004.
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Sturm, Joseph, Mashrur Chowdhury, Anne Dunning, and Jennifer Ogle. "Analysis of cost estimation disclosure in environmental impact statements for surface transportation projects." Transportation 38, no. 3 (December 28, 2010): 525–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11116-010-9313-x.
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Zhang, Li Juan, Xian Zheng Gong, Ying Liang Tian, Zhi Hong Wang, Feng Gao, Yu Liu, and Xiao Qing Li. "Analysis of the Environmental Impact of Foam Glass." Materials Science Forum 847 (March 2016): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.847.315.
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Foam glass was widely used as a green energy saving material with good performances of light, thermal insulation and sound absorption. Using waste glass as raw material for foam glass production, can not only turn waste into treasure and reduce resource consumption, but also protect the environment. In this article, the foam glass which produced in Jiaxing, China was studied based on the method of life cycle assessment (LCA), and the resources, the energy consumption and the emission of pollutants at the same time were evaluated. The results show that the characterization value of GWP is the largest. The foaming stage is the main contributor which accounts for 79.7%. Similarly, the foaming stage is the major contributor to AP, POCP, EP and HTP .The characterization value of ADP is the smallest. The foaming stage and annealing stage is the main contributor to ADP which account for 43.0%, 49.7% respectively. It has been found that the foaming stage makes the most contribution to the environmental impact. AP, GWP, POCP and EP of the foaming stage are extremely prominent compared to other stages. The authors used the methods of equal weight coefficient and AHP to weight the single indicator. The results show that the environment impact caused by the foaming stage is the largest, then grinding stage and cutting stage follow behind. The environment impact caused by the transportation stage is the smallest.
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Anderson, John E., Gebhard Wulfhorst, and Werner Lang. "Comprehensive Analysis of the Built Environment through the Introduction of Induced Impacts via Transportation." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2500, no. 1 (January 2015): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2500-08.
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The built environment, accounting for the building and transportation sectors, is the dominant source of environmental impacts. While significant research has assessed environmental impacts in the built environment, existing research is strongly separated by the scale of analysis: individual buildings or the urban scale. However, assessing buildings as isolated objects ignores their urban context, while concentrating on urban-scale projects does not represent the actual scale of construction: growth within existing cities. As such, environmental impacts resulting from the interplay of individual buildings and their urban context, induced impacts, have yet to be determined. This paper presents a new methodology for capturing induced impacts in the built environment. The new methodology was applied to the urban region of Munich, Germany, at three geographical resolutions (traffic cell, city neighborhood, and district) to illustrate the significance of induced impacts. The research contributes to the literature through the integration of the assessment of the transportation infrastructure in addition to the traditional focus on operational impacts. Transportation embodied impacts were found to account for approximately 25% of greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, transportation impacts (embodied and operational) were summarized at three locations: city center, city periphery, and rural. Consequently, the work has identified a missing impact category, expanded the assessment methodology, and provided quantitative analysis for holistic evaluation of the built environment. The inclusion of induced impacts allows for innovative policies to achieve environmental goals within the built environment.
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Kim, Yonghoon, Jun-Ho Huh, and Mokdong Chung. "Traffic Inference System Using Correlation Analysis with Various Predicted Big Data." Electronics 10, no. 3 (February 2, 2021): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10030354.
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Currently, most of the transportation systems require changes to intelligent transportation systems, but most of them focus on efficient transportation rather than on improvement in human life. Sometimes, traffic systems are designed for economic value, and safety-related issues are neglected. A traffic information system that reflects various kinds of environmental information related to people’s safety must be able to reflect not only the existing economic goals but also a safe traffic environment. The traffic environment can be thought of as safety and direct information such as rainfall, including information on specific days when many people are scheduled to be gathered for certain events nearby. Intelligent transportation systems using this information can provide safety-related information for traveling to a specific area or for business trips. In addition, traffic congestion is a social problem and is directly related to a comfort life for individuals. Therefore, addressing various social and environmental factors could make human life more stable and reduce stress as a result. To do that, we need to estimate the impact on traffic based on environmental Big Data. The data can generally be divided into structured data and unstructured data. In inference, structured data analysis is relatively easy due to the precise meaning of the data. Nonetheless, it can be very difficult to predict environmentally sensitive data, such as traffic volume in intelligent transportation systems. To cope with this problem, there are a few systems for handling unstructured data to find out specific events that affect the traffic volume and improve its reliability. This paper shows that it is possible to estimate the exact volume of traffic using correlation analysis with various predicted data. Thus, we may apply this technique to the existing intelligent transportation system to predict the exact volume of traffic with environmentally sensitive data including various unstructured data.
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Yang, Qianmiao, Liyao Kong, Hui Tong, and Xiaolin Wang. "Evaluation Model of Environmental Impacts of Insulation Building Envelopes." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (March 13, 2020): 2258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062258.
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Energy consumption during use is the focus of insulation envelope design, but the environmental impact of other stages in the entire life cycle of building envelopes should be of equal concern. In this paper, a model has been developed based on the life-cycle environmental assessment for calculating the environmental impacts of building envelopes. The model proposed will be useful to evaluate the environmental performance of various envelopes to optimize the design of energy-saving envelopes. Consequently, lots of experiments are conducted for environmental impact assessment and analysis for external windows and filler walls with energy-savings in heating areas of China. Four conclusions can be drawn from the analysis. (1) K of building envelope is the design parameter of the greatest impact on environmental performance and has a critical value, which is the value that has the smallest environmental impact over the entire life cycle. (2) The importance of the environmental impact of the building envelope during the life cycle stages is as follows: usage > production > transportation > disposal > construction. The construction process of the thermal insulation wall could be negligible. (3) The choice of regional building materials should consider the distance of transportation, which may be the key factor determining its life cycle environmental performance. (4) Aerated concrete EPS walls and wooden windows are the first choices for envelope construction from the environmental impact throughout the life cycle.
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Wang, Jenhung, and Pei-Chun Lin. "Should the Same Products Consumed in Different Retail Channels Have an Identical Carbon Footprint? An Environmental Assessment of Consumer Preference of Retail Channels and Mode of Transport." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020615.
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This study involved an environmental assessment of retail channels using the simplified life-cycle assessment (LCA) method to quantify the environmental impact of packaged beverages consumed in 7-Eleven convenience stores (c-stores) and Carrefour hypermarkets, with the aim of offering shoppers more environmentally friendly chain stores. The life-cycle impact assessment (LCIA) of packaged drinks at the point of sale (POS) shows the environmental impact of (1) consumer transportation mode and (2) truck distribution. A comparative analysis was conducted on the consumption of 1800 cartons of packaged beverages in c-stores compared to hypermarket channels replenished by individual distribution systems. The paired t-test was used to assess the impact of the consumption of 1800 boxes of 24 packs of 10-ounce drinks. The significance level of the beverages consumed in Carrefour and 7-Eleven c-stores differed by 0.1. The logistics-focused LCA explained the environmental and business rationale for replenishment and sustainable customer transportation. We conclude that, due to consumer preference for retail channels and mode of transport, the carbon footprint for the same products consumed in different channels should not be identical. The research demonstrated a tool to convey more environmental profiles of transportation mode selection to consumers and contribute to building sustainable communities.
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Sohail, Muhammad Tayyab, Sana Ullah, Muhammad Tariq Majeed, and Ahmed Usman. "Pakistan management of green transportation and environmental pollution: a nonlinear ARDL analysis." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 23 (February 6, 2021): 29046–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-12654-x.
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AbstractModern advances in nonlinear modeling have exposed that nonlinear models yield more robust results compared with linear models. Research on the effect of air-railway transportation on environmental pollution has now arrived into a new way of asymmetry analysis and captured the real issue among the nexus. This study aims to inspect the asymmetric impact of air-railway transportation on environmental pollution in Pakistan by using annual time series data from 1991 to 2019. The findings show that positive shock in air passenger carried and railway passenger carried increases carbon emissions, which implies that 1% increase in air passenger carried (railway passenger carried) enhances environmental pollution by 0.21% (0.32%) in long run in Pakistan. While positive shock in railway passengers carried increases environmental pollution and negative shock in railway passengers carried decreases the environmental pollution in the short run. The outcomes have also confirmed the short- and long-run asymmetries in Wald statistics. The findings are country-specific and it would be regionally specific.
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Zheng, Pingbiao, Shiqi Quan, and Wenjun Chu. "Analysis of Market Competitiveness of Container Railway Transportation." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2021 (August 3, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5569464.
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With the personalized and diversified development of customer demand in the freight market, road transportation has become a main competitor of railway transportation in container transportation due to its high flexibility, convenience, and low prices. Based on the generalized cost and logit model, this paper constructs a container railway goods transport market competitiveness model including four indicators of economy, timeliness, environmental protection, and safety. Take 20 ft container transportation as an example, the impact of changes in railway goods charge and railway travelling speed on the competitiveness of the railway goods transport market is analysed. Some realistic suggestions, including optimizing the railway tariff system, increasing the travelling speed of railway, innovating container intermodal products, and making full use of policy-oriented advantages are concluded.
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HARATA, Notobu, Tomoyuki FURUTANI, and Takuya MARUYAMA. "Development of Tokyo Metropolitan Transportation Strategy Model and Its Applications for Environmental Impact Reduction Analysis." Proceedings of the Symposium on Global Environment 10 (2002): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/proge.10.175.
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Kim, Jiyong, James E. Miller, Christos T. Maravelias, and Ellen B. Stechel. "Comparative analysis of environmental impact of S2P (Sunshine to Petrol) system for transportation fuel production." Applied Energy 111 (November 2013): 1089–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.06.035.
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Shekhorkina, Svitlana, Mykola Savytskyi, Yevhenii Yurchenko, and Olena Koval. "Analysis of the environmental impact of construction by assessing the carbon footprint of buildings." Environmental Problems 5, no. 3 (2020): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/ep2020.03.174.
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The paper presents a methodology for carbon footprint assessment of buildings according to the current European standard. The analytical formulas are proposed to assess the carbon footprint through emissions calculation for the building life cycle including extraction, transportation, and processing of raw materials, construction and installation process, operation, maintenance, and repair, as well as liquidation and disposal. Beyond the life cycle boundaries, the possible benefits from recycling and reuse of building components and materials are considered.
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Nowlan, Aileen, James Fine, Timothy O’Connor, and Spencer Burget. "Pollution Accounting for Corporate Actions: Quantifying the Air Emissions and Impacts of Transportation System Choices Case Study: Food Freight and the Grocery Industry in Los Angeles." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 13, 2021): 10194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810194.
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Credible corporate commitments to environmental and sustainability outcomes build upon reasonable estimates of corporate impacts and realistic plans to ameliorate those impacts. Although many companies have already begun to account for their goods movement emissions, the vast majority of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosures do not. This report creates and critically evaluates two complementary accounting mechanisms for air pollution emissions resulting from local transportation systems—for use in ESG disclosure and impact mitigation planning. These mechanisms are applied to a case study of businesses involved in food freight in Los Angeles: demonstrating the scope of local goods movement impacts on air quality and climate, and paving a path for additional analyses to follow. By quantifying the scope of impact from certain business and supply chain operations, this analysis makes the case for enhanced corporate responsibility by documenting and then reducing transportation system emissions from supply chain and logistics systems.
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Mandić, Nikola, Helena Ukić Boljat, Toni Kekez, and Lidija Runko Luttenberger. "Multicriteria Analysis of Alternative Marine Fuels in Sustainable Coastal Marine Traffic." Applied Sciences 11, no. 6 (March 15, 2021): 2600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11062600.
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Marine transportation is considered to be one of the most important aspects of global transportation services. Due to the increase in marine transportation, there are significant impacts on the marine environment. One of the possible measures for mitigation of the environmental impact could be switching to environmentally friendly fuel. However, the alternative fuel selection process is considered to be a problem due to various criteria to be considered and stakeholders that should be involved in the selection process. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the application of multicriteria analysis as a decision-support tool for the alternative marine fuel selection problem in coastal marine traffic. The suggested methodology takes into account environmental, technological, and economic aspects, and ensures the participation of different stakeholders in the selection process. The priority ranking of the alternatives is based on a combination of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). The implementation of this method considers the involvement of relevant stakeholders through evaluation of the criteria weights and performance of each alternative with respect to each criterion. The method is applied for the case study of Croatia, where the results demonstrated that the best alternative for all stakeholders is electric propulsion, even though there are differences in opinions and perceptions with respect to the objectives and criteria. The findings of this analysis, likely the first of this type in this area, can serve as a solid basis for strategic planning.
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Celik, Ilke, Marina Lunardi, Austen Frederickson, and Richard Corkish. "Sustainable End of Life Management of Crystalline Silicon and Thin Film Solar Photovoltaic Waste: The Impact of Transportation." Applied Sciences 10, no. 16 (August 7, 2020): 5465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10165465.
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This work provides economic and environmental analyses of transportation-related impacts of different photovoltaic (PV) module technologies at their end-of-life (EoL) phase. Our results show that crystalline silicon (c-Si) modules are the most economical PV technology (United States Dollars (USD) 2.3 per 1 m2 PV module (or 0.87 ¢/W) for transporting in the United States for 1000 km). Furthermore, we found that the financial costs of truck transportation for PV modules for 2000 km are only slightly more than for 1000 km. CO2-eq emissions associated with transport are a significant share of the EoL impacts, and those for copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) PV modules are always higher than for c-Si and CdTe PV. Transportation associated CO2-eq emissions contribute 47%, 28%, and 40% of overall EoL impacts of c-Si, CdTe, and CIGS PV wastes, respectively. Overall, gasoline-fueled trucks have 65–95% more environmental impacts compared to alternative transportation options of the diesel and electric trains and ships. Finally, a hotspot analysis on the entire life cycle CO2-eq emissions of different PV technologies showed that the EoL phase-related emissions are more significant for thin-film PV modules compared to crystalline silicon PV technologies and, so, more environmentally friendly material recovery methods should be developed for thin film PV.
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Cavalett, Otavio, Sigurd Norem Slettmo, and Francesco Cherubini. "Energy and Environmental Aspects of Using Eucalyptus from Brazil for Energy and Transportation Services in Europe." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (November 6, 2018): 4068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114068.
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The international market of woody biomass for bioenergy is expected to have a major role in future global scenarios aligning with a 2 or 1.5 °C target. However, the quantification of the environmental impacts of energy and transportation services from novel technologies and biomass production systems are yet to be extensively studied on a case-specific basis. We use a life cycle assessment approach to quantify environmental impacts of four bioenergy systems based on eucalyptus plantations established in abandoned pastureland in Brazil. The alternative bioenergy systems deliver energy and transportation services in Europe (cradle-to-gate analysis), including modern technologies for production of heat, electricity (with and without carbon capture and storage), and advanced liquid biofuels. We find that all bioenergy systems can achieve sizeable climate benefits, but in some cases at increased pressure in other impact categories. The most impacting activities are biomass transport stages, followed by eucalyptus stand establishment, and pellet production. An estimate of the potential large-scale bioenergy deployment of eucalyptus established in marginal areas in Brazil shows that up to 7 EJ of heat, 2.5 EJ of electricity, or 5 EJ of transportation biofuels per year can be delivered. This corresponds to a climate mitigation potential between 0.9% and 2.4% (0.29 and 0.83 GtCO2 per year) of the global anthropogenic emissions in 2015, and between 5.7% and 16% of European emissions, depending on the specific bioenergy system considered. A sensitivity analysis indicated that the best environmental performance is achieved with on-site biomass storage, transportation of wood chips with trucks, pellets as energy carrier, and larger ship sizes. Our quantitative environmental analysis contributes to increased understanding of the potential benefits and tradeoffs of large-scale supply of biomass resources, and additional research can further improve resolution and integrate environmental impact indicators within a broader sustainability perspective, as indicated by the recently established sustainable development goals.
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Bardman, Cynthia A. "Applicability of Biodiversity Impact Assessment Methodologies to Transportation Projects." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1601, no. 1 (January 1997): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1601-06.
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Human activities often adversely affect natural landscapes or ecosystems. Natural landscapes typically consist of habitats differing in size, shape, structure, and composition. These components create biodiversity, which is broadly defined as the variety of the world’s organisms. Impacts on biodiversity—including direct impacts from development, secondary impacts, and impacts from active consumption—are increasing as the human population continues to grow. Impact on biodiversity is emerging as a concern of environmental groups. Highway construction may contribute to biodiversity loss because transportation corridors tend to disrupt normal patterns in the landscape. Transportation agencies, such as the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, are interested in evaluating the need to analyze the effects on habitat fragmentation and biodiversity caused by roadway construction projects. Evaluation of such effects is a relatively new issue. There are currently no regulatory requirements to perform these types of evaluations. Therefore, the opportunity exists to develop rational and practical guidance to use on transportation projects. Even though no formal guidance exists, a number of similar methods in use could be modified for analyzing and quantifying impacts on biodiversity caused by highway projects. The decision whether to assess biodiversity for a project depends on the existing environment and the types of impacts the project will have on that environment. Whether mitigation of these biodiversity impacts should occur depends on the overall impacts on all resources by the proposed project. Much work still needs to be done in the development of an acceptable method for assessing the potential impacts of transportation projects on biodiversity. The general state analysis should be molded into an acceptable method for use by state departments of transportation. This method would need support in the form of a new mandate for implementation under the National Environmental Policy Act.
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Yu, Bin, Lu Li, Xin Tian, Qiannan Yu, Jinzhou Liu, and Qian Wang. "Material stock quantification and environmental impact analysis of urban road systems." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 93 (April 2021): 102756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2021.102756.
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Yavuz, Funda, Upul Attanayake, and Haluk Aktan. "Economic Impact Analysis of Bridge Construction." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2630, no. 1 (January 2017): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2630-12.
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Traffic disruption from bridge construction has been reduced to several hours through the development of methods characterized as accelerated bridge construction. Associated risks and additional activities involved in the accelerated construction increase initial project cost. This additional cost is offset by the benefits of reduced mobility impact time. Traditionally, the savings in user cost from reduced mobility impact time are used to justify the additional cost of accelerated construction implementations. This paper presents a comprehensive cost model for bridge construction that incorporates the economic impact on surrounding communities and businesses. This economic impact model incorporates user costs, environmental costs, and business revenue changes. The M-100 over the CN Railroad bridge replacement project in Potterville, Michigan, is presented here as a case study to demonstrate the application of economic impact analysis concepts and procedures. This bridge replacement was the third slide-in (i.e., lateral slide) project completed by the Michigan Department of Transportation. Economic impact analysis revealed the benefits of the implementation of the lateral slide bridge construction method at this site.
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Farhan, Ali, Lina Kattan, and Richard Tay. "Collisions on local roads: model development and policy level scenario analysis." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 47, no. 1 (January 2020): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2018-0740.
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The problem of collisions on local roads has received little specific attention despite the considerable number of such collisions that occur each year. First part of this study identifies the factors that influence local road collision frequency at traffic analysis zone (TAZ) level with a particular focus on the planning and policy related variables. The City of Calgary is used as a case study, where we focus on the impacts of land use, demographic characteristics, and travel characteristics. We also investigate the effects of some key transportation planning parameters for which there have been very limited studies, including the number of personal and commercial trips and the employment numbers in various categories. This study examines the impact of the number of trips made by automobile versus more sustainable transport modes like transit, walking, and biking for personal travel. It also examines the impact of commercial truck movement on the number of collisions on local roads in a TAZ. The impact of transit-oriented development zone initiatives is explored, as is the relationship between the predominant land use type (e.g., residential, commercial, industrial) and the number of collisions on local roads. In the second part, collision prediction models were linked with regional transportation model (RTM), which is calibrated and modeled in EMME. Since the choice of transportation mode is explicitly modeled through utility functions in the RTM, the proposed approach will allow us to do scenario analysis for planning and policy level issues proactively such as impact on local collisions due to change in fuel price, parking cost, transit headway, and transit fare. Results showed that property damage only (PDO) and fatal and injury (FI) collisions decreased by 13% and 6%, respectively, when fuel price was doubled. It was also observed that PDO and FI collisions decreased by 8% and 5%, respectively, when parking cost was doubled. PDO and FI collisions decreased by 7% and 4%, respectively, when transit headway was reduced to half. When transit fare was reduced to half, PDO and FI collisions decreased by 5% and 2%, respectively. PDO and FI collisions decreased by 10% and 5%, respectively, when transit fare was set to zero. These scenario analyses demonstrate how the impact of transportation planning or policy level issues on the collision count on local roads can be incorporated in our proposed model.
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Gao, X., L. Zhang, G. Liu, and Z. Ba. "MONITORING OF VIBRATIONS FOR THE CONSERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE：THE CASE OF THE SUMMER PALACE IN BEIJING." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W5 (August 18, 2017): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w5-253-2017.
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In order to research the influence of the environmental vibration and the protection of the architectural heritage, CMG-5TCDE accelerometer was used to obtain the real-time vibration monitoring data of the Grand Stage in the Garden of Virtuous Harmony in Summer Palace. This paper employs the control variable method and the multivariate statistical analysis, integrating monitoring statistics with wind speed and transportation observation statistics to make interrelated analysis, in order to study the response rules and impact degree of the Grand Stage under the environmental vibration impact. The analyses of the vibration monitoring statistic of the recent two years show that the vibration acceleration of the Grand Stage is below 10mm/s<sup>2</sup>, which is remarkable related with factors such as visitors flow rate, transportation and weather.
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Roselli, Luigi, Arturo Casieri, Bernardo Corrado de Gennaro, Ruggiero Sardaro, and Giovanni Russo. "Environmental and Economic Sustainability of Table Grape Production in Italy." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (May 1, 2020): 3670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093670.
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In recent years, the environmental sustainability of agri-food systems has become a crucial issue. Agri-food firms are increasingly concerned with the implementation of viable environmentally friendly production processes. The environmental impacts of the table grape sector, as well as other fresh and not transformed food products, involve mainly the farming phase rather than the subsequent conditioning, transportation, packaging, and distribution phases. The purpose of this study was to assess the environmental impacts and the economic viability of three table grapes production models (i.e., early harvesting, normal harvesting, and delayed harvesting), based on the Italian tendone system, during the entire life cycle. The environmental impact analysis was performed using the life cycle assessment (LCA) approach, while the economic analysis was performed using the life cycle costing (LCC) approach. The results show that the early and the delayed production models generated the highest environmental burdens, but also the highest economic returns, compared to the normal harvesting production model. The main determinants of the environmental impacts and economic returns are discussed and some practical recommendations are given to improve the sustainability of all the surveyed production models, so to converge public and private interests.
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Voellinger, Leonard, and Claudia Oakes. "Regional Place-Systems Analysis Applied to Long-Range Transportation Planning." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1518, no. 1 (January 1996): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196151800104.
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The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) requires the integration of environmental considerations into transportation planning. Although previous legislation has required the consideration of environmental elements during project planning, ISTEA necessitates a different approach. During project-specific planning, each environmental element is researched to determine baseline conditions, and project plans are superimposed to determine potential impacts and the need for mitigative measures. This approach is appropriate for project-specific planning, but it presents only a snapshot of existing conditions because environmental data are changing constantly. The integration of environmental considerations into long-range plans requires a much broader focus. It must allow dynamic systems to change without affecting the plan's validity. A case study is presented of the Oklahoma statewide intermodal transportation plan, which uses recent geographic theory to integrate planning and human activity at varying scales. This theoretical framework is based on ecological and societal units of interaction called bioregions or place-systems. The environmental baseline and analysis for Oklahoma begin with the identification of place-systems in the state: areas of biophysical and cultural similarity and context. The delimitation of such regional place-systems is sufficiently generalized and flexible to accommodate many data types and sources, yet rigid enough to be useful for planning. Both quantitative data and descriptive information are included in an analytical framework suitable to relational data bases and geographic information systems applications. These are used to create a series of map and data overlays to project potential environmental impacts and constraints, as well as opportunities for developing future transportation projects. The methods used to delineate regional place-systems in Oklahoma and their subsequent use in environmental analyses and planning are described.
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Liu, Suxia, and Xuan Zhu. "Accessibility Analyst: An Integrated GIS Tool for Accessibility Analysis in Urban Transportation Planning." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 31, no. 1 (February 2004): 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b305.
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The authors present an integrated GIS tool, Accessibility Analyst, for accessibility analysis in urban transportation planning, built as an extension to the desktop GIS software package, ArcView. Accessibility Analyst incorporates a number of accessibility measures, ranging from catchment profile analysis to cumulative-opportunity measures, gravity-type measures, and utility-based measures, contains several travel-impedance measurement tools for estimating the travel distance, time, or cost by multiple travel modes along actual travel routes, and interoperates with GIS data-management and data-integration, spatial-analysis, network-analysis, surface-modelling, and spatial-visualisation functions. Undertaking accessibility analysis with use of Accessibility Analyst allows the user to take full advantage of a GIS to produce spatial distributions of accessibility over a region. It can be applied to a wide range of issues in urban transportation planning, such as for studies on the relationship between transportation and land use, evaluation of transportation network efficiency, transportation infrastructure planning, and for impact assessments relating to transportation policies.
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Alves, Roberta, Renato da Silva Lima, Kaique Silva, William Gomes, and Carlos González-Calderón. "Functional and environmental impact analysis of urban deliveries in a Brazilian historical city." Case Studies on Transport Policy 7, no. 2 (June 2019): 443–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2019.01.009.
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Dixit, Malvika, and Aruna Sivakumar. "Capturing the impact of individual characteristics on transport accessibility and equity analysis." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 87 (October 2020): 102473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2020.102473.
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Chen, Liang, Prathik Anandhan, and Balamurugan S. "Analysis of performance-based issues in green transportation management systems in smart cities." Electronic Library 38, no. 5/6 (December 7, 2020): 963–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-07-2020-0205.
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Purpose In this paper, an intelligent information assisted communication transportation framework (II-CTF) has been introduced to reduce congestion, data reliability in transportation and the environmental effects. Design/methodology/approach The main concern of II-CTF is to mitigate public congestion using current transport services, which helps to improve data reliability under hazardous circumstances and to avoid accidents when the driver cannot respond reasonably. The program uses machine learning assistance to predict optimal routes based on movement patterns and categorization of vehicles, which helps to minimize congestion of traffic. Findings In II-CTF, scheduling traffic optimization helps to reduce the energy and many challenges faced by traffic managers in terms of optimization of the route, average waiting time and congestion of traffic, travel, and environmental impact due to heavy traffic collision. Originality/value The II-CTF definition is supposed to attempt to overcome some of the problems of the transportation environment that pose difficulties and make the carriage simpler, safer, more efficient and green for all.
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Frazier, James A., and John L. Henneman. "Project-Level Air Quality Assessment Actions: Interrelating Conformity with National Environmental Policy Act Process." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1520, no. 1 (January 1996): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196152000101.
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The procedural aspect of linking the transportation conformity process and the transportation alternatives development process that is part of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) is discussed. The linkage is structured to ensure continuity between project-level design considerations developed during planning and programming and refined as part of the NEPA process. These issues are critical to the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, Bureau of Environmental Quality, where air quality impacts delineated during the conformity process play a significant role in the continued development and refinement of the transportation system. For states like Pennsylvania, where transportation conformity requirements play a strong role in the transportation development process, providing a single set of air quality assessment actions can avoid the risk of conformity reevaluation or failure caused by project redesign during the NEPA process. A method to link the regional transportation conformity air quality analysis with project development and design conducted during the NEPA process is described. The linkage is made by using project-level air quality impacts developed during the regional conformity analysis and comparing the air quality impacts of transportation alternatives as they are developed during the NEPA process. Elements of the air quality impacts delineated during the regional conformity analysis act as the project-level air quality benchmark that is carried forward into the NEPA process.
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Yang, Minliang, and Kurt A. Rosentrater. "Life Cycle Assessment and Techno-Economic Analysis of Pressure Sensitive Bio-Adhesive Production." Energies 12, no. 23 (November 27, 2019): 4502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12234502.
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Bioproducts have attracted much attention in recent years due to the increasing environmental concerns about petroleum products. In this study, we aimed to explore potential environmental impacts and economic feasibility of pressure sensitive bio-adhesive (PSA) produced from the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization process. A detail process model of pressure sensitive bio-adhesive was developed in order to thoroughly understand both economic and environmental impacts of this production process. Life cycle assessment results showed that the overall environmental impacts of bio-adhesive was ~30% lower compared to the petro-adhesive’s production process. The minimum selling price for this pressure sensitive bio-adhesive was calculated as $3.48/kg. Sensitivity analysis results indicated that raw materials costs had the most significant impact on pressure sensitive bio-adhesive’s selling price, followed by total capital investment. Electricity sources had larger environmental impacts to the overall bio-adhesive production process compared to transportation distance and product yield. These results highlight the environmental advantage and potential economic competency of this pressure sensitive bio-based adhesive.
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Shahumyan, Harutyun, and Rolf Moeckel. "Integration of land use, land cover, transportation, and environmental impact models: Expanding scenario analysis with multiple modules." Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science 44, no. 3 (May 10, 2016): 531–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265813516647062.
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It is an expensive and time-consuming task to develop a new model. Furthermore, a single model often cannot provide answers required for complex decision making based on multiple criteria. Coupling models are often applied to make use of existing models and analyze complex policy questions. This paper provides an overview of possible model integration approaches, briefly explains the modules that were integrated in a particular application, and focuses on the integration methods applied in this research. While the initial attempt was to integrate all models as tightly as possible, the authors developed a much more agile integration approach that allows adding and replacing individual modules easily. Python wrappers were developed to loosely couple land use, land cover, transportation, and emission models developed in different environments. ArcGIS Model Builder was used to provide a graphical user interface and to present the models’ workflow. The suggested approach is especially efficient when the models are developed in different programming languages, their source codes are not available, or the licensing restrictions make other coupling approaches impractical.
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Luè, Alessandro, and Alberto Colorni. "Conflict Analysis for Environmental Impact Assessment: A Case Study of a Transportation System in a Tourist Area." Group Decision and Negotiation 24, no. 4 (August 2, 2014): 613–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10726-014-9403-9.
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Liu, Qiongzhi, and Chan Luo. "The Impact of Government Integrity on Investment Efficiency in Regional Transportation Infrastructure in China." Sustainability 11, no. 23 (November 28, 2019): 6747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236747.
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This paper examines the efficiency of China’s transportation infrastructure investment to explain regional differences in efficiency on the basis of government integrity. First, we used a three-stage DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) model to eliminate the influence of environmental factors and statistical noise and measured the investment efficiency of transportation infrastructure in 31 provinces of China from 2007 to 2017. In addition, we used a truncated regression to calculate the efficiency of infrastructure investment in relation to government integrity to explain the regional differences in investment efficiency. The research results show that, (1) after excluding the environmental and random factors, the adjusted sample investment efficiency value is significantly improved in comparison to the traditional DEA. This shows that environmental factors in various provinces reduce government investment efficiency, which suggests that a traditional DEA model would underestimate investment efficiency. (2) The provinces with higher efficiency in transportation infrastructure investment include, among others, Guangdong, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Liaoning, and Tianjin; all are located at the efficiency frontier, while regions with better economic development, such as Beijing and Shanghai, exhibit rather low investment efficiency values. This may be due to the fact that transportation infrastructure investment in these regions has become saturated, resulting in an inevitable decrease in efficiency when investment continues to flow. (3) Low degree of government integrity significantly reduces the efficiency of infrastructure investment. On average, reduction of 1% in government integrity would lead to a decrease of 0.16 percentage points of the technical efficiency of government transportation infrastructure investment.
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Hueso-Kortekaas, Katia, José C. Romero, and Raquel González-Felipe. "Energy-Environmental Impact Assessment of Greenhouse Grown Tomato: A Case Study in Almeria (Spain)." World 2, no. 3 (September 7, 2021): 425–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/world2030027.
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Tomato is one of the most common crops across the world, but it is also one of the types of food that generates the most losses across its life cycle. This paper addresses this issue by providing a Life Cycle Analysis of greenhouse grown tomato in southern Spain. The results confirm that tomatoes are a thirsty and frail crop. Most of its energy demands and carbon emissions go to packaging (35%) and transportation (42%) as well as supplying water for their growth. There seems to be room for improvement in the recovery of energy (54.6%) and CO2 emissions, mainly addressing the waste treatment of packaging and plastic as well as improving transportation. Despite being highly water demanding, irrigation processes are already efficient in industrial greenhouses, and most of the water recovery will need to take place in the waste recovery stage. Food losses at the consumption phases do not constitute a significant loss in energy or a significant amount of carbon emissions saved.
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Dzikuć, M. "Applying the life cycle assessment method to an analysis of the environmental impact of heat generation." International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering 18, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 1275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijame-2013-0078.
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Abstract The paper presents a method of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to determine the impact of the heat produced on the environment. In addition, the usefulness of this method to assess the energy sector has been shown. This paper presents the impact of heat generation on the environment in coal power plants. A detailed analysis by the method of LCA is made to compare the environmental impact of heat generation in the Legnica Power Plant and Polkowice Power Plant. It is pointed to the difference in the results obtained. Moreover, the causes of the reported environmental impacts are discussed. Measures are identified which will help to reduce in the future the impact of the electricity produced on the environment during the production of heat.
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Giustozzi, Filippo, Gerardo W. Flintsch, and Maurizio Crispino. "Environmental Impact Analysis of Low-Carbon Road-Foundation Layers." International Journal of Sustainable Transportation 9, no. 1 (July 17, 2014): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2012.738355.
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Nitkiewicz, Tomasz, and Agnieszka Ociepa-Kubicka. "Impact of Supply Chain Solutions on Environmental Performance of Biomass Use – LCA-based Research Case." Valahian Journal of Economic Studies 8, no. 1 (April 1, 2017): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/vjes-2017-0007.
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Abstract The article presents the activities of selected company - biomass manufacturer and user - with regard to environmental impact of biomass supply chain solutions. The biomass production facility of Biomass User Company is one of the most modern plant in Central Europe. It uses wooden and agricultural biomass to produce heat in biomass-fired steam boiler. The objective of the paper is to investigate the environmental impact with the use of life cycle assessment method. In our study, we define different scenarios for biomass transportation, concerning its supply as well as distribution. Life cycle assessment method is used to estimate environmental impact and to perform sensitivity analysis on transport modes, fuel mix structure and destination of self-cropped biomass. LCA ReCiPe endpoint indicator is used to measure environmental performance. As the results show, transport efforts are not significant factor while environmental impacts are concerned but are rather impact intensive type of activity and should be addressed with company environmental policies.
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Weisbrod, Glen. "Distinguishing Wide and Local Area Business Impacts of Transportation Investments." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1552, no. 1 (January 1996): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196155200104.
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Although transportation system investments are made for a variety of reasons (including improvements to capacity, traffic flow, safety, and economic development), they almost always involve social, environmental, or business impact tradeoffs, whereby some class of travelers, businesses, or area residents believe that they are made better-off and some that they are made worse-off by new facilities or new traffic activity patterns. The challenge for transportation planning is to recognize benefits and anticipate adverse local impacts so that the tradeoffs do not undermine the capability to make larger system improvements. Business impacts are the focus here. An analysis process for identifying and distinguishing the potential wide area and small area business impacts of highway improvements is described. A similar format can also be applied to other modes of travel.
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Bria, Melchior, Ludfi Djakfar, and Achmad Wicaksono. "The impacts of mediating the work environment on the mode choice in work trips." Open Engineering 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 592–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2021-0058.
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Abstract The impacts of work characteristics on travel mode choice behavior has been studied for a long time, focusing on the work type, income, duration, and working time. However, there are no comprehensive studies on the influence of travel behavior. Therefore, this study examines the influence of work environment as a mediator of socio-economic variables, trip characteristics, transportation infrastructure and services, the environment and choice of transportation mode on work trips. The mode of transportation consists of three variables, including public transportation (bus rapid transit and mass rapid transit), private vehicles (cars and motorbikes), and online transportation (online taxis and motorbike taxis online). Multivariate analysis using the partial least squares-structural equation modeling method was used to explain the relationship between variables in the model. According to the results, the mediating impact of work environment is significant on transportation choices only for environmental variables. The mediating mode choice effect is negative for public transportation and complimentary for private vehicles and online transportation. Other variables directly affect mode choice, including the influence of work environment.