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Journal articles on the topic 'Environmental Impacts of Transport'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Wangai, Agnes, Utku Kale, and Sergey Kinzhikeyev. "AN APPLICATION OF IMPACT CALCULATION METHOD IN TRANSPORTATION." Transport 35, no. 4 (November 23, 2020): 435–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2020.13909.

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Forecasted/projected rise of impacts in modes of transportation has necessitated a new rethinking of the evaluation of total impact. While most researchers deal with defined parts (like environmental impact) of the total impact. The total impact calculation methodology includes: (1) analysis of all the impacts (environmental impact, safety and security, costs, cost benefits and sustainability), (2) evaluation on the transportation system level, (3) as their total value (including all the related sub-systems and elements, i.e. transport infrastructure, transport flow control), (4) generation of total impact index. Such an index might be called as transport total sustainability index. The paper defines the Total Impact Performance Index (TIPI) evaluating the total impact in the form of generalized (summarized) costs, specifies its calculation methodology, develops a simplified Excel based calculation methods. It aims to demonstrate the applicability of this methodology, which involves evaluation of impacts in more detailed forms, two parts calculation methods namely impact of road transport safety aspects and impact of the railway transport. Finally, some selected results of the applied new index calculation and developed methodology are introduced and analysed.

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2

Peeters, Paul, Eckhard Szimba, and Marco Duijnisveld. "Major environmental impacts of European tourist transport." Journal of Transport Geography 15, no. 2 (March 2007): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2006.12.007.

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3

Török, Ádám, and Norbert Stubán. "THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION INTO EXHAUST GAS ENERGETIC UTILISATION." TRANSPORT 25, no. 4 (December 31, 2010): 357–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2010.44.

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Sustainable development is a kind of development where the pace of technical development, the satiation of increasing supply and the raw materials and resources of the Earth are poised so that the rate of living and the opportunities of the future generations should not decline. For this reason, transportation systems must be developed and the effectiveness of transportation service must be increased while environmental pollution must be decreased or prevented. Vehicles are burning fuels inefficiently. There are two options of decreasing environmental impacts – one is to reduce fuel consumption while another is to do it in a more acceptable way increasing efficiency. There is justifiable demand put forward by the society to moderate environmental impacts caused by road transportation. This article deals with modelling the energetic utilisation of exhaust gas.

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Zeng, Zhuxuan, Wendong Yang, Shengrun Zhang, and Frank Witlox. "ANALYSING AIRPORT EFFICIENCY IN EAST CHINA USING A THREE-STAGE DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS." Transport 35, no. 3 (June 25, 2020): 255–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2020.12869.

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This paper evaluates the Technical Efficiencies (TEs) of a group of airports in East China by applying a three-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The merit of this method allows us to consider the impact of the environmental factors on measuring airport efficiencies. Three variables, i.e. per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the proportion of the tertiary industry, and the number of tourists, are used to represent the environmental factors. The results show that the environmental factors have airport-specific impacts on the value of the efficiencies. Additionally, airport TE are dominated by both Pure Technical Efficiency (PTE) and Scale Efficiency (SE). Based on empirical results, airport specific strategies can be provided to enhance airport efficiency, such as taking the effects of environmental variables and the statistical noise into consideration when analysing the airport efficiency, improving airport efficiencies according to their own conditions and improving the PTE or SE according to their categorizations.

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Rohács, József, and Dániel Rohács. "TOTAL IMPACT EVALUATION OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS." Transport 35, no. 2 (May 11, 2020): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2020.12640.

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Impact assessment, in general, includes the environmental safety and security considerations, and cost/cost-benefit analysis of the used sources. As usual, the impact is evaluated at two levels: (1) impact during operation (usage) related to a chosen operational unit (e.g., running distance [km], operational time [h] or calendar time [h]), (2) the life-cycle (project life-cycle) impact. The environmental impact is characterized by the chemical and noise emissions. Safety and security are estimated by risks. Costs are calculated based on the required financial support and caused losses. All these calculations are related to the individual vehicles or vehicles with average behaviours. The investigation of sustainability impact requires a wider evaluation and approach, for example, by also including production and recycling beside the operational aspects. This paper generalizes the impact analysis. At first, it considers all types of impacts including the direct (e.g., accidents) and indirect long-term effects (e.g., health problems caused by emissions). All the impacts are expressed as costs. The defined Sustainable Transportation Performance Index (STPI) is the Total Life-Cycle Cost (TLCC) related to the unit of transport work. As such, it combines the life-cycle emissions evaluation and transport costing methods. It contains the total operational and total impact costs. The proposed approach introduces three new specific features in the impact analysis: (1) the impact is evaluated on the transportation system level, (2) the impact is estimated as the total value (including all the related sub-systems and elements, like vehicles, transport infrastructure, transport flow control, etc.), (3) proposes a unique index to describe the total impact. The paper describes the general equations and the developed methodology for the estimation of the total impact and analyses its applicability. The preliminary results demonstrate the applicability of the defined index and its evaluation methodology. It also shows the limitations of traditional cost models. Further test results and wider application of the methodology will be provided in a series of follow up papers by the research team.

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6

Chatti, Walid. "Information and communication technologies, road freight transport, and environmental sustainability." Environmental Economics 11, no. 1 (October 19, 2020): 124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.11(1).2020.11.

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Despite progress in reducing air pollutants in several countries, freight transport continues to have undesirable effects on environmental quality, human health, and the economy. Road freight transport, in particular, is associated with various negative externalities, including environmental and health damages, and the overexploitation of non-renewable natural resources. This paper investigates how ICTs interact with road freight transport to affect environmental quality regarding reducing CO2 emissions. The empirical strategy is focused on the yearly dataset from 2002 to 2014 in 43 countries. Using the two-step GMM techniques, the findings suggest that ICTs can decrease road freight transport’s negative impacts on environmental sustainability. Besides, the interactions of mobile phone and fixed telephone technologies with road freight transport are more efficient in reducing pollution than using internet networks. This paper underlines the importance of using ICTs to dampen road freight transport’s negative effects on environmental sustainability.

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7

Michaelis, Laurie. "Global warming impacts of transport." Science of The Total Environment 134, no. 1-3 (June 1993): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(93)90344-6.

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8

Fraselle, Justin, Sabine Louise Limbourg, and Laura Vidal. "Cost and Environmental Impacts of a Mixed Fleet of Vehicles." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 22, 2021): 9413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169413.

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Urban parcel delivery is increasingly restricted by regulations limiting access to certain heavy or high emitting vehicles to reduce emissions and noise pollution in cities. Cargo bikes represent an alternative solution that enables deliveries with low environmental impact, but they may represent a higher economic cost and come with constraints like battery autonomy or small loading capacity. As a transport scheme relying on bikes for the last miles with fewer externalities, it is regarded as an environmentally friendly choice, and economic sustainability is assessed. This paper aims to present the environmental and economic aspects of different delivery means of transport in European urban areas. Life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology is selected to analyse the environmental impact of several vehicles, allowing us to quantify the emissions according to the loading factor. The electricity mix is an important parameter and makes the results vary according to the country studied. For the economic aspect, the cost price allows us to quantify the operational cost of each means of transport. A trade-off can thus be made between the two.

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9

Agioutantis, Z., K. Komnitsas, and A. Athousaki. "Aggregate transport and utilization: ecological footprint and environmental impacts." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 47, no. 4 (December 21, 2016): 1960. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11005.

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The Ecological Footprint (EF) measures how much of the biosphere’s annual regenerative capacity is required to renew the natural resources used by a defined population in a given year. In essence, the EF is a resource accounting tool that measures how much biologically productive land and sea is used by a given population or activity, and compares this with the available land and sea.Productive land and sea support population demands for food, fiber, timber, energy, and space for infrastructure. These areas also absorb gaseous emissions (i.e. CO2) generated from human activities.The present paper discusses a methodology that allows the parametric estimation of the EF due to the transport of aggregates to urban areas as a function of tonnage and distance.

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Lyng, Kari-Anne, and Andreas Brekke. "Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Biogas as a Fuel for Transport Compared with Alternative Fuels." Energies 12, no. 3 (February 7, 2019): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030532.

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Upgraded biogas, also known as biomethane, is increasingly being used as a fuel for transport in several countries and is regarded as an environmentally beneficial option. There are, nevertheless, few studies documenting the environmental impacts of biogas as a transport fuel compared with the alternatives on the market. In this study, life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology was applied to compare the environmental performance of biogas used as a fuel for bus transport with natural gas, electricity fueled buses, biodiesel, and fossil diesel. A sensitivity analysis was performed for the biogas alternative to assess the importance of the underlying assumptions. The results show that biogas has a relatively low contribution to the environmental impact categories assessed. Emissions of greenhouse gases are dependent on assumptions such as system boundaries, transport distances and methane leakages.

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Irving, Paul, and Ian Moncrieff. "Managing the environmental impacts of land transport: integrating environmental analysis with urban planning." Science of The Total Environment 334-335 (December 2004): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.04.064.

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12

Nokelaynen, T. S. "MAPPING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF RAILWAY TRANSPORT IN RUSSIA." Proceedings of the International conference “InterCarto/InterGIS” 1, no. 22 (January 1, 2016): 256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2414-9179-2016-1-22-256-261.

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13

Kočí, Vladimír. "Comparisons of environmental impacts between wood and plastic transport pallets." Science of The Total Environment 686 (October 2019): 514–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.472.

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14

Acutt, M. Z., and J. S. Dodgson. "Controlling the environmental impacts of transport: Matching instruments to objectives." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 2, no. 1 (March 1997): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1361-9209(96)00012-0.

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15

Amiri Khorheh, Mohammadreza, Frank Moisiadis, and Hoda Davarzani. "Socio-environmental performance of transportation systems." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 26, no. 6 (September 14, 2015): 826–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-09-2014-0140.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify and categorize the social and environmental impacts of transportation systems, and address the appropriate solutions to mitigate and manage these impacts in order to achieve sustainability. Design/methodology/approach – This research performs a comprehensive literature review to suggest a framework on socio-environmental impacts of transportation and related solutions. The proposed framework is analyzed through quantitative methods and a survey study in freight transport. Findings – Findings support the direct relation of potential solutions and socio-environmental impacts of transportation. All four categories of solutions (technological, socio-economic and political, cultural and behavioral, and infrastructure related) reveal direct impact on reduction of environmental impacts. However only technological solutions were found to be influential on social impacts of the transportation. Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge there has not been any comprehensive framework covering social and environmental impacts of transportation in the literature. In addition, this paper categorizes potential solutions to enhance socio-environmental performance of the transportation and investigates their effectiveness.

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16

Tassou, S. A., G. De-Lille, and Y. T. Ge. "Food transport refrigeration – Approaches to reduce energy consumption and environmental impacts of road transport." Applied Thermal Engineering 29, no. 8-9 (June 2009): 1467–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2008.06.027.

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17

López-Eccher, Camila, Elizabeth Garrido-Ramírez, Iván Franchi-Arzola, and Edmundo Muñoz. "Life Cycle Assessment of Households in Santiago, Chile: Environmental Hotspots and Policy Analysis." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (February 26, 2021): 2525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052525.

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The aim of this study is to assess the environmental impacts of household life cycles in Santiago, Chile, by household income level. The assessment considered scenarios associated with environmental policies. The life cycle assessment was cradle-to-grave, and the functional unit considered all the materials and energy required to meet an inhabitant’s needs for one year (1 inh/year). Using SimaPro 9.1 software, the Recipe Midpoint (H) methodology was used. The impact categories selected were global warming, fine particulate matter formation, terrestrial acidification, freshwater eutrophication, freshwater ecotoxicity, mineral resource scarcity, and fossil resource scarcity. The inventory was carried out through the application of 300 household surveys and secondary information. The main environmental sources of households were determined to be food consumption, transport, and electricity. Food consumption is the main source, responsible for 33% of the environmental impacts on global warming, 69% on terrestrial acidification, and 29% on freshwater eutrophication. The second most crucial environmental hotspot is private transport, whose contribution to environmental impact increases as household income rises, while public transport impact increases in the opposite direction. In this sense, both positive and negative environmental effects can be generated by policies. Therefore, life-cycle environmental impacts, the synergy between policies, and households’ socio-economic characteristics must be considered in public policy planning and consumer decisions.

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18

Ahvenniemi, Hannele, and Tarja Häkkinen. "Households’ potential to decrease their environmental impacts." International Journal of Energy Sector Management 14, no. 1 (January 6, 2020): 193–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-02-2019-0009.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to quantify the potential levels of greenhouse gas (GHG) and cost savings from a set of households’ energy saving measures, considered as “everyday choices”. Design/methodology/approach Four areas of living were selected for the study: household electricity, space heating, transport and food consumption. The study used a quantitative research approach in which the impact of selected scenarios of an average Finnish household was assessed. Findings Findings suggest that GHG savings from behavioural change regarding household electricity remain marginal in comparison to savings gained from transportation related measures. Transportation also provides the most cost-efficient ways to decrease GHGs but not in all cases. Based on the results, the authors suggest that smart technologies, such as on-line, active feedback systems could have a major role in guiding household energy use. Also, given the high GHG savings from transport, the authors highlight the importance of providing infrastructure and services for clean mobility, and in designing well-functioning and compact cities enabling shorter travels. Originality/value The aim of our study was twofold – by analysing the case household’s choices, we obtained information on environmental and economic impacts, but in addition to this, the aim was to open discussion on the role of households in tackling climate change and how to support households in making sustainable choices. Although research regarding household energy behaviour is vast, so far very few studies have focused on both economic and environmental impacts of households’ everyday actions.

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19

Brüning, Claus. "Transport impacts on atmosphere and climate." Atmospheric Environment 44, no. 37 (December 2010): 4645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.04.018.

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20

Sausen, Robert. "Transport impacts on atmosphere and climate." Atmospheric Environment 44, no. 37 (December 2010): 4646–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.02.033.

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21

Junne, Tobias, Sonja Simon, Jens Buchgeister, Maximilian Saiger, Manuel Baumann, Martina Haase, Christina Wulf, and Tobias Naegler. "Environmental Sustainability Assessment of Multi-Sectoral Energy Transformation Pathways: Methodological Approach and Case Study for Germany." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (October 6, 2020): 8225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198225.

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In order to analyse long-term transformation pathways, energy system models generally focus on economical and technical characteristics. However, these models usually do not consider sustainability aspects such as environmental impacts. In contrast, life cycle assessment enables an extensive estimate of those impacts. Due to these complementary characteristics, the combination of energy system models and life cycle assessment thus allows comprehensive environmental sustainability assessments of technically and economically feasible energy system transformation pathways. We introduce FRITS, a FRamework for the assessment of environmental Impacts of Transformation Scenarios. FRITS links bottom-up energy system models with life cycle impact assessment indicators and quantifies the environmental impacts of transformation strategies of the entire energy system (power, heat, transport) over the transition period. We apply the framework to conduct an environmental assessment of multi-sectoral energy scenarios for Germany. Here, a ‘Target’ scenario reaching 80% reduction of energy-related direct CO2 emissions is compared with a ‘Reference’ scenario describing a less ambitious transformation pathway. The results show that compared to 2015 and the ‘Reference’ scenario, the ‘Target’ scenario performs better for most life cycle impact assessment indicators. However, the impacts of resource consumption and land use increase for the ‘Target’ scenario. These impacts are mainly caused by road passenger transport and biomass conversion.

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Alade, W. A. "Environmental and Socio-Economic Impacts of Ojodu-Berger Road Upgrade, Lagos, Nigeria." Journal of Construction Business and Management 4, no. 1 (April 27, 2020): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15641/jcbm.4.1.785.

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Extensive road project in large cities produces diverse impacts. This study attempts an assessment of the environmental and socio-economic effects of a recent road upgrade, the mitigating measures of adverse effects experienced and their effectiveness in Ojodu Berger community, a major transport node in Lagos, southwestern Nigeria. Using a survey research design through questionnaire administration, 120 respondents comprising of 50 residents, 40 traders and 30 transport operators were sampled using the purposive sampling technique. The Relative Significance Index (RSI) of project impacts was measured using 27 variables as identified in the literature and general observation of situations in the project environment before the survey. On a 5-point Likert scale at the pre-construction, construction and post-construction phase of the project. The study reveals poor environmental conditions at the pre-construction phase, which became escalated in the construction phase; noise pollution is the most significant impact (RSI = 4.36). At the post-construction phase, encroachment on pedestrian facilities is the most significant impact (RSI = 4.20). Socio-economic impacts such as increased rental value, unemployment and displacement of businesses were also significant. The Mean Index (MI) of 3.14 for the construction phase impacts was the highest compared to 3.00 at the pre-construction phase and 3.02 at the post-construction phase. Mitigating measures against adverse impacts were both effective and ineffective, while some adverse impacts were not mitigated. There was no clear evidence that an impact study was done before project implementation. The study recommended strong government commitment to environmental and social impacts assessment of road development, more robust stakeholders' engagement for the formulation of strategies and measures to address the adverse impacts of similar projects in the future.

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Hong, Jing Min, Ling Wang, and Jing Lan Hong. "Economic and Environmental Assessment of Redmud as Aggregate in Cement Clinker Production." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 3254–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.3254.

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A cost combined life cycle assessment was carried out to estimate the economic and environmental impact of redmud as aggregate in cement production. Results showed that the raw materials, transport, electricity and coal had the highest contribution to overall cost, while coal production and direct emissions represented the dominant contribution to overall environment impact. Improving energy and raw material efficiency and minimizing raw materials transport distance are the efficient way to minimize overall environmental and economic impacts.

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Barfod, Michael Bruhn. "SUPPORTING SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT APPRAISALS USING STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT AND MCDA." Transport 33, no. 4 (December 5, 2018): 1052–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2018.6596.

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Appraisal processes for transport initiatives are often characterised by their complexity involving a wide range of impacts that need to be addressed and many stakeholders that attempt to influence the decisions to be made. The increasing interest for the environment and sustainable development in general has stressed the need for taking a broad perspective into account when addressing transport initiatives. This means that economic, social and environmental dimensions need to be considered simultaneously in the appraisal process. The focus on incorporating such sustainability considerations has set new demands for the appraisal process and has revealed an increasing need for involving stakeholders in the decision support process to capture all aspects of the often complex decision problems. Conventional appraisals within the transport area are often only based on cost-benefit analysis, which captures the impacts that can be assigned with a monetary value. Thus there is a need for a decision support system that is able to assess the effect of other types of impacts as well and include this in the appraisal. This paper seeks to fill this gap in research by proposing a methodology making use of planning workshops and multi-criteria decision analysis in combination to improve the decision support. In order to serve the purpose of promoting a more sustainable transport planning approach a proposal is made for how the methodology can be integrated in the current practice for appraisal of infrastructure projects in Denmark (and countries with similar approaches). The paper concludes that the approach allowing for active stakeholder participation in the appraisal process can serve as a helpful and effective decision support system in the quest for more sustainable solutions to transport problems.

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Nokelaynen, T. S. "GIS-MAPPING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF ROAD TRANSPORT IN RUSSIA." Proceedings of the International conference “InterCarto/InterGIS” 1, no. 21 (January 1, 2015): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2414-9179-2015-1-21-97-99.

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Nokelaynen, Tatiana. "MAPPING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF INLAND WATERWAY TRANSPORT IN RUSSIA." Proceedings of the International conference “InterCarto/InterGIS” 24, no. 1 (June 14, 2018): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2414-9179-2018-1-24-131-137.

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Moraes, P., and S. Zioni. "Environmental impacts of sprawled residential settlements: Transport diseconomies in são paulo." International Journal of Transport Development and Integration 2, no. 1 (January 15, 2017): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/tdi-v2-n1-49-59.

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Nesheli, Mahmood Mahmoodi, Avishai (Avi) Ceder, Farzan Ghavamirad, and Scott Thacker. "Environmental impacts of public transport systems using real-time control method." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 51 (March 2017): 216–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2016.12.006.

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Wang, Derek D. "Assessing road transport sustainability by combining environmental impacts and safety concerns." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 77 (December 2019): 212–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2019.10.022.

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de Radiguès, Philippine, Sara Verlinde, and Cathy Macharis. "What can procurement information tell about environmental impacts of freight transport?" Transportation Research Procedia 39 (2019): 440–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2019.06.046.

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Tsamboulas, Dimitrios, and George Mikroudis. "EFECT – evaluation framework of environmental impacts and costs of transport initiatives." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 5, no. 4 (July 2000): 283–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1361-9209(99)00038-3.

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Joumard, Robert, Henrik Gudmundsson, and Lennart Folkeson. "Framework for Assessing Indicators of Environmental Impacts in the Transport Sector." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2242, no. 1 (January 2011): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2242-07.

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Dhondt, Stijn, Quynh Le Xuan, Hieu Vu Van, and Luc Hens. "Environmental health impacts of mobility and transport in Hai Phong, Vietnam." Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment 25, no. 3 (February 10, 2010): 363–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00477-010-0374-3.

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Rai, Ashika, and Savvas A. Tassou. "Energy demand and environmental impacts of alternative food transport refrigeration systems." Energy Procedia 123 (September 2017): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.07.267.

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Li, Qiong, Peng rui Bai, Yang Chen, Xiao Wei, and Jinjun Tang. "Efficiency Evaluation of Bus Transport Operations Given Exogenous Environmental Factors." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (September 29, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8899782.

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As a mode of green transport that can effectively alleviate urban traffic congestion and improve air quality, bus transport is highly subsidized by governments at all levels in China. Thus, measuring efficiency in the bus transport sector is particularly important. However, few reports in the literature have taken exogenous environmental factors into consideration to evaluate public transport operation efficiency. This may lead to inaccurate evaluation results. This study employs the three-stage DEA model, which can eliminate the impacts of exogenous environmental factors on public bus transport operation to gain real efficiency results. Meanwhile, to further explore how exogenous environmental factors affect bus transport operations, a tobit model is used to analyse the results. The main results of this paper reveal the following: first, exogenous environmental factors have a significant impact on the operational efficiency of bus transport. It is reasonable and necessary to select the three-stage method to eliminate environmental factors for real bus operation efficiency. Second, the fluctuations of the bus transport efficiency of 30 cities decreased during 2010–2016. The western region has the highest operation efficiency, followed by the eastern and the middle regions. Third, the economic, taxi transport, and urban rail transport have a marked impact on the operational efficiency of bus transport. This paper confirms the important influence of exogenous environmental factors on the efficiency of public transport operations. In addition, this article could help improve the efficiency of urban public transport operations and promote the attractiveness of urban public transport and the amount of green travel.

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Savković, Tatjana, Milica Miličić, Ilija Tanackov, Pavle Pitka, and Dejan Koleška. "SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM IMPACTS OF ECO-DRIVING ON DYNAMICS OF DRIVING BEHAVIOUR AND OPERATING PARAMETERS." Transport 35, no. 2 (April 20, 2020): 143–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2020.12365.

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This paper shows the impact of eco-driving training course on driving behaviour of 7 drivers, analysing two internal parameters: Scania Driver Support (SDS) parameter and Fuel Consumption (FC). Data were collected using Scania Fleet Management System (Scania FMS) over a period of one-year (1 + 2 + 4 + 6 months during the 2015 and 2016). Data for these two parameters of all drivers were recorded daily over a one-year period and calculated in average values on a monthly basis. A one-year cycle of average monthly ambient temperatures of wider geographical region was adopted as the most important external parameter of impact on eco-driving benefits. Longitudinal observation period is divided into: one month initial period of establishing the parameter values before the training (one month), short-term with eco-driving (two months), short-term without eco-driving (four months) and long-term (six months). Significantly higher values of SDS parameter (p < 0.05) and significant reduction of FC (p = 0.0310 < 0.05) were established with a higher average ambient temperature over a short-term period. A partial increase of SDS parameter value (p < 0.10) was established over a long-term period but the level of FC reversed to the values as before the training (p = 0.7554 > 0.05). The results indicate the potential of eco-driving training that manifests significantly positive effects only in good driving conditions. With bad weather conditions that correlate with bad driving conditions, the effects of eco-driving training are supressed with increased requirements for safer driving. Primary conclusion of the paper is that the eco-driving training principles have an apparent positive effect on reduction of FC and CO2 emission but are at the same time sensitive to environmental driving conditions.

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Zorndt, Anna, and Frank KÃ¶sters. "IMPACTS OF CHANNEL DEEPENING ON SEDIMENT TRANSPORT MECHANISMS IN A MESOTIDAL ESTUARY." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.sediment.6.

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Carefully assessing the environmental impacts of human interventions in estuaries on sediment transport and morphodynamics has become increasingly important due to the high ecological importance of these systems. Man-made changes are typically quantified with numerical sediment transport models. However, setting up these models and more importantly interpreting their results requires a profound knowledge of the natural system and present-day transport processes. This contribution focusses on the mechanisms of sediment transport in a mesotidal estuary and discusses possible impacts of a channel deepening on those mechanisms and their expected impact on long-term changes on sediment transport. The processes are described on the basis of field data and simulations.

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Hischier, Roland. "Car vs. Packaging—A First, Simple (Environmental) Sustainability Assessment of Our Changing Shopping Behaviour." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (August 28, 2018): 3061. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093061.

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Which way of purchasing your clothes results in the lowest environmental impacts: “running” into the next big city to “plunder” the various clothing stores, or searching through a plethora of online shops and ordering your next shirt directly to you at home? So far, no such comparison has been published. The aim of this study is to get a first basic idea of which of these two consumer choices is the more environmentally sustainable by assessing the potential environmental impacts related to one person’s annual purchases of clothing through a simplified life cycle assessment. The study shows that going to a nearby city for shopping is not necessarily worse compared to online purchasing. When a person uses their own car, travel from home to the city and back is responsible for a sizeable amount of the potential impacts. However, the potential impacts of travel are heavily influenced by the means of transport (i.e., use of public transport rather than personal car) and the frequency of shopping excursions over the year. Overall, the potential impacts per single clothing item purchased could be in a similar range for both means of purchase.

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Guerrero, David. "Impacts of transport connections on port hinterlands." Regional Studies 53, no. 4 (June 1, 2018): 540–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2018.1474192.

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Wasowska, Katarzyna, Marta Wincewicz-Bosy, and Malgorzata Dymyt. "Environmental Impact of Air Transport." EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL XXIII, Issue 4 (November 1, 2020): 890–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.35808/ersj/1721.

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Godzhaev, Zakhid A., Dmitriy V. Avramov, Nikolay V. Martynov, Boris N. Belousov, and Viktor N. Dobromirov. "Environmental Safety of Transport and Technological Vehicles." Agricultural Machinery and Technologies 13, no. 2 (April 28, 2019): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2018-13-2-40-47.

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Abstract. Intensified production, an increased fleet of vehicles with internal combustion engines, as well as increased operational mass of transport and technological vehicles continuously aggravate the environmental situation in the world every year. (Research purpose) To identify the main impacts made by the transport and technological vehicles on the environment and the problems associated with their disposal, as well as with the disposal of automobile and tractor tires. (Materials and methods) The authors have generalized the materials published in periodicals, as well as the results of bench, field and operational tests of the transport and technological vehicles. (Results and discussion) The authors have identified the problem of the destructive impact of the wheeled movers on the supporting road surface, the soil and the soil cover. Measurements have been taken under the contact area of several mover types and the values of the stress-strained state of the soil affected by these movers have been determined in the form of the distribution of normal stress diagrams. The authors have also studied the influence of the design features of transport and technological vehicles performing curvilinear motion on the track size and soil destruction and identified characteristic patterns of the track. Conclusion has been made that in winter the level of environmental pollution depends on the road surface condition and the use of chemical reagents for deicing. The authors have considered a possibility of using electrical-and-hydraulic technology for the disposal of transport and technological vehicles and stressed the need to form regulatory documents for the designing, operation and disposal of transport and technological vehicles, taking into account foreign experience in organizing the environmental management system, as well as environmental auditing and labeling, the procedure for assessing the environmental performance of production systems and products at all life cycle stages. (Conclusions) The paper presents the main impact factors of the transport and technological vehicles on the environment during their life cycle up to full disposal. The authors have proved the need for a safe and energy-saving electro-hydraulic technology for the disposal of electronic components and batteries of transport and technological vehicles based on selective destruction of plastic casings and the separation of pure noble, rare-earth and other metals and their alloys.

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Golnar, Marko, and Bojan Beškovnik. "Green Maritime Transport as a Part of Global Green Intermodal Chains." Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science 3, no. 3 (June 2020): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18048/2020.00.01.

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Environmental pollution is increasingly becoming a major global problem. Consequently, companies and policy makers are facing mounting pressure to reduce their impacts of logistics activities and make transport greener. The challenge to reduce the carbon intensity of maritime transport is even more important when we take into equation the fact that carries about 90% of the world trade. While car industry has already taken actions to greener cars, maritime industry is subject to fewer regulations and slower progress. This article overviews upcoming trends of green intermodal chains, initiatives in green maritime transport and how noteworthy is share of their impact in the transport chain as a whole. Speed reduction is one of most important measures which can be implemented right away with win-win impacting on environment and fuel cost. The study analysis environmental impacts of different services to eastern Adriatic ports, with special emphasis of slow steaming impacts on pollution level. The paper exposes that direct lines with bigger ships cause lower emissions of CO2, NOx and SOx and that with decisions of slow steaming the pollution level decreases significantly.

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Guolo, Erika, Francesca Cappelletti, Piercarlo Romagnoni, and Fabio Raggiotto. "Environmental impacts for polyurethane panels." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 03063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911103063.

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According to the European targets for 2030, for managing a policy of improving the environmental sustainability of buildings it is essential to assess the buildings and building components impacts both in the construction and in the utilization phases. The use of building is essential on the environmental impacts (equal to about 90%) as consequence the commitment must be aimed at reducing energy consumption and CO2 emissions of buildings during their lifetime, through correct design and proper selection of materials and technologies; above all, the use of thermal insulation materials is fundamental. A useful support tool for manufacturers and designers for the eco-design innovation of products and production processes is the LCA - Life Cycle Assessment: the assessment allows to identify and to quantify energy, consumed materials and residues released as environment impact during the processes. Comparison of the environmental impact data of the different products it is possible by adopting the EPD - Environmental Product Declarations approach, which envisages, for each group of products, the elaboration of a specific technique, the PRC - Product Category Rules. In the building sector, among the thermal insulating materials currently in use, the rigid expanded polyurethane (thermoset polymeric insulation products with a substantially closed cell structure including both polymer types based on PIR and PUR), allows to obtain excellent characteristics of very low density masses, resulting in a reduction in energy consumption deriving from transport, installation and disposal or recycling at the end of life. Numerous studies on environmental impacts during the polyurethane life cycle have shown that the amount of resources consumed for the production of polyurethane foam is amortized in the use phase of buildings thanks to the energy savings determined by thermal insulation. Very important features of polyurethane is the high durability in time (higher or equal to the life of the building). This is demonstrated following some tests of physical characterization and verification of durability of rigid polyurethane insulation panels used in different types of building and construction, without maintenance: according to the determination of thermal conductivity and of the compressive strength is proven as the values are unchanged despite the years of use (over 40 years). The paper presents the LCA evaluation of a polyurethane panel; the durability of thermal properties has been verified by experimental tests.

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Eagle, D. M., and Y. J. Stephanedes. "Dynamic impacts of transport service on unemployment." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 12, no. 1 (1985): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b120121.

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Gharehbaghi, Koorosh, Kerry McManus, and Kathryn Robson. "Minimizing the environmental impacts of mega infrastructure projects." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 17, no. 4 (August 5, 2019): 736–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-12-2018-0223.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the innovative approaches to further reduce the environmental impacts during the construction of mega transportation infrastructure, particularly for Australia. Design/methodology/approach As part of this research, the Sydney Metro was exploited as a case study. This included reviewing the elements of reducing the environmental impacts for the Sydney Metro. Findings This research has found that there are six elements of reducing the environmental impacts of the Australian public transport infrastructure process. Moreover, this research also found that for the Sydney Metro, first, the logistic planning and optimisation was carefully developed followed by the remaining five elements. Originality/value The originality of this research consists of carefully examining the Sydney Metro’s environmental implications including its on-going EIA and EPA compliance.

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Hergesell, Anja. "Environmental commitment in holiday transport mode choice." International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 11, no. 1 (March 6, 2017): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-09-2015-0118.

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Purpose This study aims to contribute to a better understanding of environmentally friendly consumers. It examines differences in holiday transport mode choices by persons’ general level of environmental commitment across lifestyle domains. Adopting a marketing perspective, the study also explores transport mode perceptions and underlying product attribute preferences that may shape holiday transport mode choices. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted Kaiser’s (1998) General Ecological Behaviour scale to measure commitment to environmentally friendly behaviour. ANOVAs were run to examine differences in actual holiday travel behaviour and transport mode perceptions by level of environmental commitment. Pattern models were calculated to estimate differences in the relative importance of selected transport mode attributes (price, travel time, punctuality, accessibility, flexibility, comfort and environmental impact). Findings The study findings suggest that differences exist in transport mode choices for train and car use, but not for plane use, namely, train users tend to be more environmentally committed and car users less so. Differences were also noted in transport mode perceptions, with more environmentally friendly consumers holding more favourable views of the train. Those who are more environmentally committed also placed greater importance on environmental impact and less importance on comfort and time in mode choice. Originality/value The study applied an environmental scale thus far not used within tourism research. It also adopted a marketing perspective focused on product attributes to support the development of strategies to encourage environmentally friendly holiday transport mode choice.

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Larasti, Anindya Kenyo. "Environmental Impacts Management of the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival." Tourisma: Jurnal Pariwisata 2, no. 2 (June 12, 2020): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/gamajts.v2i2.56851.

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The sustainability of music festivals is an urgent issue that must be discussed. Without careful consideration of environmental impacts, the short-term economic gain becomes a long-term fiasco. Coachella, the second-largest music festival in the US and the highest-grossing festival in the world, is possible to harm the environment. It provides pressure by bringing a hundred thousands of people at the same time and place. If the festival damages the environment, it will be costly and taking a long time to preserve the ecosystem. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the management of environmental impacts to recognise how a music festival could increase its environmental sustainability. The analysis ascertained qualitatively by using an approach of energy usage, waste generated, and transport emission produced (Fredline et al., 2005).The result shows that much work has been done by Coachella organisers to reduce the environmental impact of the music festival they organised. First, the energy used in Coachella does not have too much impact on the environment because Coachella has applied sustainable energy framework. Next, in term of waste management, Coachella has been trying to minimise waste generated during the event by organising a massive waste sorting program. It can be said that the program has been quite successful at managing waste. Last, emissions produced from transport have the worst impact on the environment because it directly contributes to climate change. Furthermore, the organisers cannot control the number of vehicles used by attendees because this subject is at the preference of each attendee, and the organiser cannot fully control it.

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Yuhara, Tatsunori, Yoshikazu Makino, and Kenichi Rinoie. "Conceptual Design Study on Liquid Hydrogen-Fueled Supersonic Transport Considering Environmental Impacts." Journal of Aircraft 53, no. 4 (July 2016): 1168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.c033369.

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Singh, Bhawna, and Anders H. Strømman. "Environmental assessment of electrification of road transport in Norway: Scenarios and impacts." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 25 (December 2013): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2013.09.002.

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Parikka-Alhola, Katriina, and Ari Nissinen. "Environmental Impacts of Transport as Award Criteria in Public Road Construction Procurement." International Journal of Construction Management 12, no. 2 (January 2012): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15623599.2012.10773189.

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