Relevant bibliographies by topics / Environmentally friendly paper

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Environmentally friendly paper'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Environmentally friendly paper"

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Pettersson, Fredrik, David Adekanye, and Ronald Österbacka. "Stability of environmentally friendly paper electronic devices." physica status solidi (a) 212, no. 12 (2015): 2696–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201532876.

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Pettersson, Fredrik, Tommi Remonen, David Adekanye, Yanxi Zhang, Carl-Eric Wilén, and Ronald Österbacka. "Environmentally Friendly Transistors and Circuits on Paper." ChemPhysChem 16, no. 6 (2015): 1286–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201402701.

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Faccini, Mirko, Lorenzo Bautista, Laura Soldi, et al. "Environmentally Friendly Anticorrosive Polymeric Coatings." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (2021): 3446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083446.

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This paper provides a synthetic and comprehensive overview on environmentally friendly anticorrosive polymeric coatings. Firstly, the economic and environmental impact of corrosion is presented to highlight the need of anticorrosive polymeric coatings as a flexible and effective solution to protect a metal. Secondly, the implementation of regulations together with the consumer awareness for environmental considerations and protection of health are the driving force for a progressive but significant change in the sector. Therefore, within the protective organic coatings market, this article provides a review of the most recent developments in environmentally friendly solutions, including bio-based and water-borne epoxy, hyperbranched polyester for low- volatile organic compounds (VOC) coatings, waterborne polyurethane and non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs), and graphene or bio-based fillers for acrylics. Moreover, this paper outlines new trends such as smart additives, bio-based corrosion inhibitors, and functional antibiocorrosive coatings as superhydrophobics. Finally, industrially relevant applications of environmentally friendly anticorrosive polymeric coatings including solutions for marine and off-shore industries are summarized.
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Zhao, Yu Huan. "The Application of New Environmentally Friendly Materials in Environmental Protection." Applied Mechanics and Materials 416-417 (September 2013): 1652–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.416-417.1652.

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The new environmentally friendly materials have broad application prospects in environmental protection and the environmental governance. This paper reviewed the recent progress of the new-style environmentally friendly materials in environmental protection and the aspects of research and applications are discussed in this paper one by one of several kinds of new-style environmentally friendly materials in environmental protection and governance, and introduces the application of new environmentally friendly technology in air pollution, sewage treatment and other aspects of environmental protection. The noise pollution control, solid waste disposal, environmental monitoring and other applications are also introduced.
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Liang, Wei-Dong, Chen Qian, Zhao-Qi Zhu, et al. "An environmentally friendly clay-based polymer composite “paper”." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 134, no. 30 (2017): 45128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.45128.

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Baum, Dale M., Ranjith K. Jayasekara, and Enzo A. Palombo. "Environmentally-friendly biodegradable packaging products." Microbiology Australia 29, no. 1 (2008): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma08035.

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The rise of industrialisation and widespread use of petrochemicals brought with it many useful products. One of these products was plastic, a highly polymerised hydrocarbon mainly used for its physical strength and effective microbial barrier properties. While oil is a productive and inexpensive way to produce chemicals, stocks are beginning to be depleted. Therefore, alternative ways to produce such products must be pursued. However, sustainability is becoming a necessary part of environmental management and important steps are now being made towards reduced use of non-biodegradable materials. Where old packaging was once made from polystyrene foam and CFC-containing materials, a shift back towards paper and starch based products is occurring. In the case where packaging materials are susceptible to moisture and other microbial attack, it is necessary to develop novel materials with increased barrier properties for use in such items as meat packaging.
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Bedlivá, Hana, and Nigel Isaacs. "Hempcrete – An Environmentally Friendly Material?" Advanced Materials Research 1041 (October 2014): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1041.83.

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In the last decade, society has been looking at sustainability of construction. The pressure for improved construction methods also leads to the search for new materials. One possible material with suitable technical properties based on renewable resources is hemp fibre concrete – hempcrete.Hempcrete is a construction material made from hemp fibres, lime and water. This composite breathes, as well as having good thermal and acoustic-insulation properties. The paper provides an overview of international literature and its relevance to New Zealand (where hempcrete has already been used) and the Czech Republic (where the first hempcrete house is under construction).A life cycle analysis of hempcrete will be used to examine its ecological footprint, especially in reducing carbon dioxide emissions. The construction in 2014 of a New Zealand house provides data which can be used to model performance in both countries. The preliminary results suggest that hempcrete offers both environmental and construction opportunities which can help to deliver sustainable housing solutions.
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Pettersson, F., J. Keskinen, T. Remonen, et al. "Printed environmentally friendly supercapacitors with ionic liquid electrolytes on paper." Journal of Power Sources 271 (December 2014): 298–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.08.020.

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Isaac, Susan. "How can fungi make paper manufacturing processes more environmentally friendly?" Mycologist 9, no. 4 (1995): 182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0269-915x(09)80020-7.

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González-Rodríguez, M. Rosario, M. Carmen Díaz-Fernández, and Xavier Font. "Factors influencing willingness of customers of environmentally friendly hotels to pay a price premium." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 32, no. 1 (2020): 60–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-02-2019-0147.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of customers’ environmental concerns, customers’ perceptions of a hotel’s environmental practices and of the hotels’ environmentally friendly images, on customers’ willingness to pay a price premium to stay at environmentally friendly hotels. Design/methodology/approach The theoretical framework comprises both social identity theory and value-belief-norm theory. The data were collected through a survey of 454 customers staying at eco-friendly hotels in Spain. The research model is tested by using a structural equation modelling approach. Findings The findings illustrate that customers’ environmental concerns have a greater explanatory value on their willingness to pay a price premium than do their perceptions of the hotels’ environmental practices. Furthermore, these causal relationships are similar in magnitude when considering the mediating effects of the hotels’ eco-friendly image and the environmental practices. Research limitations/implications The empirical findings provide managers with a better understanding of how customers’ environmental concerns and their own sense of identification with environmentally friendly hotels influence customers’ behavioural intentions towards willingness to pay a premium. Originality/value The paper contributes to the literature by highlighting those cognitive processes that influence the customers’ willingness to pay a price premium to stay at environmentally friendly hotels. Hence, the study provides valuable information to hotel managers.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Environmentally friendly paper"

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Laudone, Giuliano Maurizio. "Environmentally friendly technology : the behaviour of natural and synthetic binder systems within paper coatings." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2377.

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Coating shrinkage upon drying is a phenomenon well known to the paper coating industry, where it often causes changes in the final structure of the coating layer leading to poor results in terms of gloss, light scattering, surface strength, coverage, uniformity and printability. Such shrinkage has in previous studies been wrongly associated with shrinkage of the polymeric binders used in the coating formulation, by making erroneous comparison with solvent-based paint systems. Natural binders, as starch or proteins, which come from renewable resources and are therefore environmentally friendly, suffer more from this shrinkage phenomenon than synthetic binders. The aim of this research project was to improve the understanding of the processes involved in the drying of a coating layer and to create a model able to describe them. Shrinkage while the coating layer dries has been successfully measured by observing the deflection of coated strips of a synthetic elastically-deformable substrate. Ground calcium carbonate was used as the coating pigment, together with latex binders of both low and high glass transition temperature, Tg, respectively, and also with starch which is a natural film-forming water soluble binder. The final dry coatings were studied with mercury porosimetry and by scanning electron microscopy in order to characterise their porous structure. The flow and rheological properties of the coating colour formulations were measured in order to probe the particle-particle interaction between the different species in the wet coating colour. The void space of the dry coating layers was modelled using Pore-Cor, a software which generates simulated porous networks. A new algorithm was developed to model, within the simulated void space, the effective particles or "skeletal elements" representative of the solid phase of the dried porous system. The water-filled porous structures at the beginning of the shrinkage process (first critical concentration, FCC) were subsequently modelled by creating Pore-Cor structures with the same solid skeletal elements distribution as at the second critical concentration (at which the particles lock their positions), but with higher given porosity to account for the water present The capillary forces acting on the surface of the simulated coating were calculated, and found to be several orders of magnitude larger than the measured shrinkage forces. The shrinkage process was thus described as resulting from the effect of capillary forces in the plane of the coating layer resisted by a stick-slip process, where the capillary forces yield shrinkage only if a resistance force within the drying coating layer holds the structure in place and allows the menisci to form. The stick-slip theory was strongly supported by quantitative comparisons between the experimental forces required to intrude mercury, and the capillary forces within the simulated void structure.
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Bodurtha, Paul. "Novel techniques for investigating the permeation properties of environmentally-friendly paper coatings : the influence of structural anisotropy on fluid permeation in porous media." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2049.

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In this study, we have investigated the effects of structural anisotropy of porous media on the permeation of fluids. The motivation for the work was an increased understanding of the permeation of inks into paper coatings, which often contain platey or needle-like particles, which have been aligned during the coating process. However, the findings are also relevant to other systems, such as the sub-terranean migration of fluids, including pollutants, within shale that contains particles of high aspect ratio. Mineral pigments, comprising mainly of calcium carbonate or clay, are often are applied to the surface of paper to improve optical and printing properties. For a high quality image to be achieved, the coating should have sufficient capillarity to allow the ink film to set within the time-scale of a modern printing press. The permeation of fluids into a range of different coating formulations has been investigated, with its main focus on the following samples: Speswhite and Amazon90 SD, which belong to the Kaolin (day) mineral group, and OpacarbA40 and Albaglos, which belong to the Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) mineral group. The permeation was measured by five different techniques, including a novel use of the Ink Surface Interaction Tester. The results were modelled using a modified version of the software package ‘Pore-Cor’, which simulated both permeability and capillary absorption of a wetting liquid into porous media containing anisotropic voids, and allowed the effects of anisotropy to be isolated from other closely related pore properties. The model generated a simplified three-dimensional void network having pores with a rectangular cross-section and throats with an elliptic cross-section. From visual inspection of the modelled structures, the effect of anisotropy revealed advance wetting in the narrow features of Speswhite-CL and OpacarbA40-CL. Overall, to gain a clear understanding of the permeation of anisotropic structures both inertia and surface throat density is needed to be included in the Pore-Cor model. Once these factors were applied to the model, it was able to predict the permeation of fluids more successfully than those predicted by the Kozeny and aligned cylinders models. The insights gained from this study have allowed conclusions to be drawn about the nature of fluid permeation; they have therefore opened the way to more sophisticated modelling and the engineering of high performance coating structures.
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Gados, Alicja Irena. "Institutional consumer preferences for Forest Stewardship Council certified paper." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/1935.

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The Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certifies forests that have been grown in an environmentally and socially responsible manner. It attempts to increase market share for certified paper via a Business Development Plan (BDP). This thesis provides analysis of the FSCs marketing using a survey and case study approach. The survey of institutional paper buyers reveals trends that suggest that the market for FSC and other certified papers is gaining popularity with institutional buyers, even though final consumers remain price sensitive. Components of institutional behavior that might cause an organization to adopt FSC are analyzed. This analysis reveals that adoption is more likely if it is important to an institution’s stakeholders and if reputation can be increased, even given increased costs. However, much of the growth in market share of FSC remains unexplained by the BDP. Hence the market for FSC and certified paper may be expanding independent of FSC and BDP.<br>Agricultural and Resource Eonomics
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Chang, Chi-Yuan, and 張繼元. "Properties of Paper and Paperboard Products made by Municipal Solid Waste-derived Fiber, Cellulosic Ethanol Fermentation Waste and Environmental Friendly Binders." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92207467015453313829.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>森林環境暨資源學研究所<br>103<br>With a rising environmental conscious, wastes reutilization schemes have become the mainstream of sustainable application of resources. This study investigates the feasibility of paper and paperboard products made by autoclaved treated municipal solid waste-derived fiber (MSWF), rice straw cellulosic ethanol fermentation waste (CEFW) and Tea waste (TW). MSW were steamed under 155oC for 60 minutes. CEFW were mixed with steamed MSW and old newspaper (ONP) with ratios of 100:0, 90:10, 80:20 and 50:50, various size of TW with ratios of 80:20 and 50:50. Feasibility of paper (60 g/m2) and paperboard (200 g/m2) production were investigated by analysing their tensile strengths, bursting strengths and tearing strengths. An environmental friendly from kraft black liquor derived binder (BLDB) was used to improve the physical properties of the paper and paperboard products. The values of these properties enhanced linearly with increasing average fiber lengths, regardless of the type of fiber used in the products. BLDB enhanced the physical properties by 50% for papers and 85% for paperboards, and compared with a commercial urea formaldehyde resin. Thermal pressing, however, did not improve the physical properties of the binder enhanced paper products. With the addition of the adhesive binder, CEFW and MSWF showed reasonable substitution potential for ONP fiber by providing suitable tensile and bursting strength in the paper and paperboard.
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Books on the topic "Environmentally friendly paper"

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Environmentally-friendly production of pulp and paper. Wiley, 2010.

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Bajpai, Pratima. Environmentally Friendly Production of Pulp and Paper. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470649657.

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Bajpai, Pratima. Environmentally Friendly Production of Pulp and Paper. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2011.

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Bajpai, Pratima. Environmentally Friendly Production of Pulp and Paper. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2011.

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Bajpai, Pratima. Environmentally Friendly Production of Pulp and Paper. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2011.

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1945-, Young Raymond Allen, and Akhtar Masood 1959-, eds. Environmentally friendly technologies for the pulp and paper industry. J. Wiley, 1998.

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Environment & economic development: Is there an eco-friendly path to progress? : papers presented at a multidisciplinary seminar held on 14 December 1991 at the IFS. The Institute, 1991.

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Klein, Reinhard F. Environmentally Friendly Decision-Making in Structural Policies: An Analysis of the Mechanisms and Practice in the U.S. and Conclusions for the European Union (Working Papers Series). Univ Texas at Austin, Office of Publications, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Environmentally friendly paper"

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M¨︁ller, G¨︁nter, and Ingrid Demel. "Environmentally Friendly Paper and Board Production." In Handbook of Paper and Board. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527652495.ch27.

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Wang, Hsiu Hwa, and Sheau Horng Lin. "Environmentally Friendly Resource Use — Taiwan’s Experience in Pulp and Paper Production." In Environmental Forest Science. Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5324-9_10.

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Blazejczak, Jürgen, and Dietmar Edler. "Elements of Innovation-Friendly Policy Regimes — An International Comparative Study for the Paper Industry." In Innovation-Oriented Environmental Regulation. Physica-Verlag HD, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-12069-9_9.

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Saakshy, A. K. Sharma, R. K. Jain, and R. K. Jain. "Application of Natural Dyes: An Emerging Environment-Friendly Solution to Handmade Paper Industry." In Biotechnology for Environmental Management and Resource Recovery. Springer India, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-0876-1_15.

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Maruthupandian, Surya, Napoleana Anna Chaliasou, and Antonios Kanellopoulos. "Recycling Mine Tailings for a Sustainable Future Built Environment." In Springer Proceedings in Energy. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63916-7_21.

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AbstractThe future sustainable built environment focuses mainly on environmental conservation and technological innovation and development. However, with infrastructure development, the consumption of raw materials such as cement, gypsum, sand, and stones increases. Therefore, use of industrial waste as raw material in construction shall be proposed as a sustainable and environment friendly alternative. Also, the higher demand for mineral commodities have led to increased mining and hence increased mining waste. The mine tailings being the wastes from rocks and minerals processing, are generally rich in Si, Ca, Al, Mg, and Fe, and also have considerable amounts of heavy metals and metalloids such as Pb, As, Co, Cu, Zn, V, and Cr. When tailings contain sulphide minerals, it may also lead to acid mine drainage. This makes the effective and efficient recycling and reuse of mine waste a major environmental concern. However, the physical, mineralogical and chemical composition of the mine tailings renders it a suitable material for use in civil engineering applications. This paper discusses the use of mine tailings of different origins for different civil engineering applications such as bricks, ceramics, fine aggregates, coarse aggregate and cementitious binders. This approach has a potential to reduce the demand on existing natural resources to face the demands of the exponentially developing infrastructure.
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Wei, Yimeng, Areti Markopoulou, Yuanshuang Zhu, Eduardo Chamorro Martin, and Nikol Kirova. "Additive Manufacture of Cellulose Based Bio-Material on Architectural Scale." In Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_27.

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AbstractThere are severe environmental and ecological issues once we evaluate the architecture industry with LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), such as emission of CO2 caused by necessary high temperature for producing cement and significant amounts of Construction Demolition Waste (CDW) in deteriorated and obsolete buildings. One of the ways to solve these problems is Bio-Material. CELLULOSE and CHITON is the 1st and 2nd abundant substance in nature (Duro-Royo, J.: Aguahoja_Programmable Water-based Biocomposites for Digital Design and Fabrication across Scales. MIT, pp. 1–3 (2019)), which means significantly potential for architectural dimension production. Meanwhile, renewability and biodegradability make it more conducive to the current problem of construction pollution. The purpose of this study is to explore Cellulose Based Biomaterial and bring it into architectural scale additive manufacture that engages with performance in the material development, with respect to time of solidification and control of shrinkage, as well as offering mechanical strength. At present, the experiments have proved the possibility of developing a cellulose-chitosan- based composite into 3D-Printing Construction Material (Sanandiya, N.D., Vijay, Y., Dimopoulou, M., Dritsas, S., Fernandez, J.G.: Large-scale additive manufacturing with bioinspired cellulosic materials. Sci. Rep. 8(1), 1–5 (2018)). Moreover, The research shows that the characteristics (Such as waterproof, bending, compression, tensile, transparency) of the composite can be enhanced by different additives (such as xanthan gum, paper fiber, flour), which means it can be customized into various architectural components based on Performance Directional Optimization. This solution has a positive effect on environmental impact reduction and is of great significance in putting the architectural construction industry into a more environment-friendly and smart state.
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Rusmevichientong, Pimbucha, Rosamy Albornoz, Susan Chen, Jinwen Lin, Kulapa Kudilok, and Ravissa Suchato. "RiverPRO’s Environmentally-Friendly Paper: Growing Through Sustainability." In Asian Agribusiness Management. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813233140_0008.

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"Environmental Issues of the Pulp and Paper Industry." In Environmentally Friendly Production of Pulp and Paper. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470649657.ch3.

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"Cleaner Production Measures in Pulp and Paper Processing." In Environmentally Friendly Production of Pulp and Paper. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470649657.ch5.

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Prakash, Nirupama. "Empowering Women Using Environmentally Friendly Technology in Paper Recycling." In Linking Environment, Democracy and Gender. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/s0895-9935(2012)0000020009.

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Conference papers on the topic "Environmentally friendly paper"

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Rohman, Fatchur, Yudha B. Abadi, Mochamad Soelton, Nicco Prasetyo, and Eko Tama Saratian. "The Effect of Environmentally Friendly Paper Toward Purchasing Intention." In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Management, Economics and Business (ICMEB 2019). Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200205.023.

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Domazetovska, Simona, Kristijan Ivanoski, Stefani Josifovska, Viktor Slavkovski, and Jovana Jovanova. "Environmentally Friendly Bio-Inspired Turtle Robot." In ASME 2020 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2020-2341.

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Abstract Inspired by the movement of a turtle in nature, a low-budget turtle-like robot was designed and developed to operate on natural terrain. Applying affordable additive manufacturing (3D printing) leads into creating unique 3-D structure with potential of flexibility, multi-functionality and multi-movement. By implementing solar panels, the energy from the sun is used, which makes the robot self-sustainable. The robot is controlled remotely with an android application designed for the need of this work. The bio-inspired robot can play an interesting role in real-life applications, such as monitoring in hardly accessible terrain, video and data collection for environmental friendly application, animals’ observation and others. The main application of the robot is for animal observation in the zoo, so it will often need to move across not even landscape in order to allow surveillance of that area. By implementing smart materials, the movement of the turtle can be improved. This paper presents the design concepts and functionality, together with CAD model of the robot, the prototyping (hardware, control and application design) and the results from the measurements.
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Canbaz, Celal Hakan, Cenk Temizel, Yildiray Palabiyik, et al. "Environmentally-Friendly Production and Recovery Processes for Heavy Oils." In SPE Trinidad and Tobago Section Energy Resources Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200897-ms.

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Abstract Oil Industry is going green and there is no solid and comprehensive publication that outlines the use of green energies and methods in oil recovery. Thus, this paper is going to close that gap. As there are more environmental restrictions especially in developed countries, inclusion of green energy methods in petroleum recovery processes is very important for the future of these reserves. We will focus on extra/heavy oil as conventional oil is simpler to produce and doesn't need EOR processes that may come with environmental footprints. The objective of this study is to investigate and outline the ‘green’ production and recovery processes of heavy oil recovery in environmentally-sensitive locations where greenhouse gas emissions, type of energy used to extract oil and gas (e.g., generation of steam using natural gas vs solar), environmental impact of surface facilities, transportation of produced oil and gas and other associated materials/chemica ls required for recovery (e.g. solvents for steam injection process) are critical for the operations as well as economics.
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Minatsuki, Isao, Tomomi Otani, Katsusuke Shimizu, Tetsuo Saguchi, Sunao Oyama, and Kazuhiko Kunitomi. "Environmentally-Friendly HTGR: MHR-50/100—Concept and Characteristics." In ASME 2011 Small Modular Reactors Symposium. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smr2011-6604.

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A business plan and a new concept of the Mitsubishi small-sized High temperature gas-cooled modular Reactors (MHR-50/100) had been developed as reported in a paper at the HTR-2010 conference in Prague. The present paper reports the results of ensuing conceptual design study including updated market researches, improved safety features of the plant, and the plant dynamics analysis. Market researches on Japan, the USA, Southeast Asia and the Middle East have been updated applying the latest energy outlook data. The result shows that the potential market share for the type of HTGR (high temperature gas reactor) reactors is expected to be 10–20% in new construction of heat source plants in those market areas. A financial analysis made based on the results of the updated market research and the plant cost evaluations indicates that the feasibility of an HTGR business potentially exists. Concerning about the conceptual design, as main themes of the study, a plant design, safety design and plant dynamics have been carried out. The MHR-50/100 high safety characteristics have been confirmed based on the results of the following studies as reported in the present paper: (1) An investigation of a safety scenario during occurrence of a Total Black Out event; (2) An analysis of the reactor decay heat removal via a natural circulation. Lastly, the control methods for the reactor and associated steam cycle system for the MHR-50 have been studied. The results show that the reactor power changes can be effectively achieved by controlling the primary system helium flow rate. The ASURA code developed by MHI is used for simulation of such typical plant transients as 10% step load reduction and full load rejection. The results confirm the easy operability and controllability of the plant.
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Vesely´, S., A. Soudarev, E. Vinogradov, and Y. Zacharov. "Environmentally Friendly Update of Gas Turbines on Gas Transmission Lines." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90358.

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Currently, more than 1,500 gas turbines are in operation on natural gas transmission lines all over Europe. These turbines do not comply with the requirements for toxic substances content in exhaust gases. Therefore, an environmentally friendly update of these turbines is a hot topic now, especially because these turbines are supposed to remain in operation for another 10 or 15 years. Besides, environmentally friendly update is a specific issue that differs from the development of a new low-emission combustion chamber. The authors participated in environmentally friendly update of more than 500 gas turbines of this design in Russia, Ukraine, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Germany, and Hungary. As new emission limits are expected to be issued in the EU, a new low-emission burner was developed that makes use of a combination of kinetic and diffusion combustion to achieve low NOx and CO emissions. The burner operation in combustion chambers of gas turbines is characterized by a wide range of the coefficient of excess air from idle run to full performance. Therefore, the control of the quantity of primary air is necessary. The paper will describe the main stages of the burner research. Tests were performed on an atmospheric pressure test rig where the basic characteristics were gained. The influence of pressure was examined on a special test rig at 0.75–1.1 MPa of pressure. Tests have confirmed that the required NOx and CO emission limits can be achieved with the designed burner. The low emission burner was used for the combustion chamber of a 6 MW gas turbine. The tests performed on a part of a model burner will be presented and an analysis of measurement results will be given.
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Qadr, Dlzar, Aso Talabany, and Sinan Salahaddin. "Evaluation on the Performance of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Using Polymer Modifications." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ARCHITECTURAL AND CIVIL ENGINEERING 2020. Cihan University-Erbil, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/aces2020/paper.296.

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Increasing the number of vehicles on the road quickly in which generates a large amount of waste tyres; it is a major concern of asphalt pavement distresses which causes permanent deformation this is results of the rapid development of economic and industrial nowadays. In order to solve this problem waste of tyres has been tried to use as utilization of bitumen modification to improve the performance of the asphalt pavement as well as for providing an environmentally friendly which is a green technology. The main aim of this literature is to evaluate the effect of polymer Modifier from previous researchers’ point of view on the performance of asphalt pavement in order to demonstrate the performance of Hot Mix Asphalt in terms of improving the significant flexible pavement deteriorations such as permanent deformation (rutting), fatigue cracking, and low temperature cracking (thermal cracking).
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Raheem, Kadhum, and Hayder Fadhil. "Investigate the Factors Affecting Green Building Projects In Iraq Towards Building Sustainability." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ARCHITECTURAL AND CIVIL ENGINEERING 2020. Cihan University-Erbil, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/aces2020/paper.282.

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The process of construction can be defined as an extensive system that builds the accommodations for people to settle in, as well as the construction of facilities that keep up the development process. Some of the main steps that the process would cover are the extracting and benefiting raw materials, manufacture of building materials and elements, the construction of the project run from viability to inspection, and the regulation and running process of the sites. The most profound challenges that many cities n Iraq share illustrate the consequences of urban growth. Thus, this study seeks to examine the aspects of sustainability that influence the decisions for the process of building up green building projects. A total number of fourty respondents have been requested to evaluate nine elements of building sustainability: life cycle evaluations, energy conservation and renewable energies, water conservation, environmentally friendly construction supplies and standards, depletion of waste materials, alleviation of toxic materials, adequate indoor ventilation, smart innovation, and sustainability in the development of the building process and ecologically friendly construction projects. The findings show that the respondents preferred the use of elements that could give better sustainability in the process of construction building to ensure a healthier and better quality of life. This preference is established from the concept of green building technology. The most chosen aspect for this concept is the efficiency of energy and the use of renewable energy, followed by the alleviation of toxic materials, adequate indoor ventilation, and water conservation.
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Schmidt, Martin, and Hubertus Murrenhoff. "Impact of Ageing on Tribological Properties of Environmentally Friendly Hydraulic Fluids." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39341.

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Hydraulic systems are used in many technical applications, e.g. in agricultural and forestry machines. Hydrostatic pumps and engines as well as hydraulic fluids are essential components of these systems. Thereof, the hydraulic fluids are of great importance since not only technical but also ecological requirements have to be fulfilled. Apart from fluid power transmission the most important technical function of hydraulic fluids is lubrication and the resulting reduction of friction and wear. In times when saving energy and resources have become environmental matters, lubricants are increasingly attracting public awareness. Important ecological aspects which need to be considered since they have a major impact on the application of technical products and decide about their success are biodegradability, water pollution and ecological toxicity. This is why ester based hydraulic fluids have started to substitute mineral oil based fluids. Additionally, ester based fluids have excellent tribological features due to the polarity of the ester molecules. However, ester based fluids change their physical and chemical properties due to usage. This paper will show that both the total acid number and the viscosity is increased by ageing while the level of additives and the viscosity index is decreased. Therefore, the impact of ageing on the tribological performance of an ester based hydraulic fluid will be analysed by friction and wear investigations. Exemplary, two tribological contacts are chosen: a mixed friction and an elasto-hydrodynamic contact. These are representative conditions for hydrostatic pumps and engines. Analysing the fluid’s behaviour being stressed by mixed friction is performed by using a tribometer. Investigating the ageing impact on elasto-hydrodynamic behaviour of the fluid, a bearing test facility is used. Finally, after having been dealing with tribological contacts used in hydrostatic machines the performance of a hydrostatic machine itself will be analysed. The impact of increased viscosity on friction which is generated within a hydrostatic gear unit at low speed will be discussed.
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Kulčar, Rahela, Marina Vukoje, Ivana Krajnović, and Mirela Rožić. "Influence of recycled fibres in paper on the UV stability of thermochromic prints." In 10th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design,, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2020-p15.

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Recycled paper for environmentally conscious consumers can positively influence product selection. Thermochromic inks printed on such materials can give the product a special effect and increase its market competitiveness. During recycling, the paper is subjected to the action of various processes and chemicals, which later can have an impact on its stability, structural and optical properties. As is already known, the optical properties of paper affect the quality of the print. Thus, the goal of this study is to determine whether environmentally friendly substrates containing recycled fibres can be of the same quality as non-recycled substrates for the printing of thermochromic inks. For the research purposes, two commercially available thermochromic inks were printed on papers with a certain percentage of recycled fibres (33% and 100%). The results will show whether the percentage of fibres affects the colorimetic properties, dynamic characteristics of thermochromic inks and the UV stability during accelerated ageing of thermochromic prints.
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Lee, S. J., H. J. Kim, J. H. Lee, J. H. Kim, and J. S. Seo. "Prediction of underwater noise for environmental impacts: Evaluation of a commercial vessel and offshore structure." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2010-t16.

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The study of the environmental impact of underwater noise has become increasingly visible. Recently, underwater noise regulation has become an international concern. Therefore, the mitigation of underwater noise emission in operation is an important factor in the design of environmentally friendly ship and offshore structures. As a shipbuilding company, in order to meet the increasing demand for an eco-friendly vessel, Samsung Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. has developed a standard procedure to estimate underwater noise in the initial design phase. This procedure can be used both to design a low-noise vessel and also to evaluate environmental impact. In this paper, the procedure employed to estimate underwater noise is presented with results from full-scale measurements.
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