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Journal articles on the topic 'Environmetal protection'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Takasaki, Koji. "Japanese National Projects for Global Environmetal Protection of the Maritime Sector." Marine Engineering 47, no. 3 (2012): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.47.311.

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2

Fasolya, Oleg. "The System of Environmental Education in the USA." Comparative Professional Pedagogy 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rpp-2016-0039.

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AbstractThe article deals with studying the peculiarities of environmental education system in the USA. It has been defined that US environmental policy includes governmental actions at the federal, state and local level. It has been identified that US environmental education is characterized by an extraordinary variety of forms, directions and methodological approaches, deep penetration of the ideas of environmental ethics in the content of all the disciplines, extensive involvement of communities and, in particular, public non-governmental organizations in the process of forming US citizens’ careful and responsible attitude to the environment. It has been stated that the system of US Environmental Education aims to provide a solution to such problems: to ensure citizens’ close contact with the environment; to contribute to the forming of environmentally friendly styles of behaviour and activities; to form a set of knowledge about the environment as a system of interconnected natural, economic and social factors; to involve students in solving local environmental problems. It has been found out that since 1970 Environmental Protection Agency has been operating in the USA. It has been mentioned that Environmental Protection Agency implements an environmental law by writing regulations and set national environmental standards. It has been indicated that Environmental Protection Agency has created the Office of Environmental Education so that national leadership may be provided and environmental literacy may be increased. It has been denoted that main goals of the the Office of Environmental Education include design and implementation of curricula and training programs for environmental education for both pupils and adults; organization of seminars, conferences and discussions on ugent environmental issues; cooperation with state education departments and other agencies. Consequently, recommendations that may be used by native educators to improve the national system of environmetal education have been presented.
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3

Blachowski, Jan. "Planning and Environmetal Conditions for Protection of the Area of Documented Brown Coal Deposits in the Dolnoslaskie Voivodeship." Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi 30, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 117–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gospo-2014-0016.

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STRESZCZENIE Konieczność wyznaczenia obszarów funkcjonalnych strategicznych złóż kopalin i ich uwzględ- nienia w planach zagospodarowania przestrzennego, wynikająca z dokumentów rządowych takich jak KPZK2030 powoduje, że niezbędne staje się opracowanie kryteriów delimitacji takich obszarów oraz związane z tym przeprowadzenie analizy uwarunkowań w obszarach udokumentowanych złóż węgla brunatnego, uwzględniających pełen zakres kryteriów (geologicznych, górniczych, przestrzennych, środowiskowych, społecznych oraz gospodarczych i innych) z zastosowaniem metody, która charak- teryzowałaby się jak największym obiektywizmem ich oceny. W pracy zaproponowano wykorzys- tanie metodyki opartej na wielokryterialnej analizie hierarchicznej (Analytic Hierarchy Process - AHP) w celu określenia istotności uwarunkowań środowiskowych i planistycznych w generowaniu konfliktów z ochroną i potencjalną eksploatacją złóż węgla brunatnego. W szczególności w celu wskazania uwarunkowań i obszarów najbardziej i najmniej konfliktowych w granicach udoku- mentowanych złóż. Badania, poprzedzone charakterystyką uwarunkowań środowiskowych, analizą ustaleń studiów uwarunkowań i kierunków zagospodarowania przestrzennego gmin oraz pokrycia obszarów złóż miejscowymi planami zagospodarowania przestrzennego wykonano na przykładzie dolnośląskich złóż węgla brunatnego ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem złoża Legnica. Stwierdzono, że do najistotniejszych uwarunkowań środowiskowych i planistycznych ograniczających możliwość ochrony i eksploatacji złóż węgla brunatnego należą przyrodnicze obszary chronione (waga 0,19), zabytki kultury (waga 0,14), obszary zabudowane (waga 0,09) oraz wody podziemne i powierz- chniowe (wagi po ok. 0,09). Rezultaty te mogą posłużyć do wyznaczenia obszarów charaktery- zujących się największą (współwystępowanie różnych i najistotniejszych form przeznaczenia terenu) i najmniejszą konfliktowością, a przez to do wspomagania prowadzenia zrównoważonej polityki przestrzennej na wszystkich poziomach administracji publicznej.
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4

Intizar Aliyeva, Intizar Aliyeva, and Rasul Hajıyev Rasul Hajıyev. "SOME PROTECTIONS ON THE ROLE OF GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN THE PROBLEMS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND PROTECTION." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 07, no. 03 (May 25, 2021): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/0703202131.

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The article discusses various limited considerations and assumptions on the positive or negative impact of geochemical features chemical elements found in rocks, ores, soil, plants, water and in the air of the territories of populated areas, factories, the mining and agro-industrial complexes to the environment and the role of analytical geochemistry in this process. According to the author, one of the main points on which the light should be shed is the role of finding elements (independent, combination or isomorphic mixture) rather than their existence in different amounts in the environment. Thus, the chemical elements can be more or less hazardous to environment regardless its amount, but the finding methods. Chemical and natural combinations can be either very hazardous or very useful to all living creatures depending on their characteristics, so it’s better to determine their environmental hazardousness via their impact to a particular human or animal organ which in turn facilitates the solution of the problem. Moreover, it should be noted that the most environmentally dangerous and active chemical elements are the ones with fluctuating valence. Some elements are not so hazardous when they are independent or in solid form since they change weakly. But they are very dangerous when they turn into liquid or gas forms and create mineral compounds with other elements such as halkofil group of elements which in turn can easily decompose and dissolve in water by causing dangers to all living creatures in the nature. Approximately any chemical element can either react negatively or in most cases stimulate the life functions of the organs of animals and plants depending on its finding forms. The study of geochemical parameters in different natural objects such as surface and subsoil water, air, rocks and ores can be very helpful in organizing the protection of environmetal and the solution of its problems. X-ray Spectral analysis is particularly highlighted in this article for identifying various chemical elements in geological and ecological objects. There are several advantages of X-ray Spectral analysis such as its productiveness and low cost, the expressiveness and simplicity of analysis operations, having slightly high sensitivity, universality, high range of elements identification features, etc. To conclude some authors claim that the following problems can be solved with the help of analytic geochemistry: Identifying the main source of pollution and the evaluation of its impact on the environment; Identification of quantitative and qualitative parameters of sources of natural, techno and agro genic pollution in the settlements, industrial objects and in the regions of developed mining complexes; Eco-geochemical and biochemical evaluation of the negative impact of water, weather and harmful geochemical anomalies on live organisms. We hope the elimination of this type of problems can pave the way to the ecologically clean environment. Keywords: ore, soil, plant, water, weather.
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5

Vázquez-Cueto, Mª José, Rosario Asián-Chaves, Enriqueta Camacho-Peñalosa, and Inmaculada Masero-Moreno. "La Protección Medioambiental: Predicar con el Ejemplo." Revista de Estudios Andaluces, no. 34 (2017): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/rea.2017.i34.01.

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6

Canga Cabañes, José Luis, Raúl Bueno Hernández, and Encarnación Martínez-Aedo Ollero. "Los equipos de control y vigilancia ambiental. Una etapa más en la protección del medio natural." Informes de la Construcción 45, no. 425-426 (August 30, 1993): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ic.1993.v45.i425-426.1181.

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7

Monika, Monika, and Jarosław Frydrych. "Olej ochronny o niskiej lepkości do czasowej ochrony elementów metalowych przed korozją." Nafta-Gaz 76, no. 11 (November 2020): 864–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18668/ng.2020.11.12.

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Corrosion of metals is the gradual destruction of metal under the impact of environmental factors. Chemical or electrochemical processes on the surface of the metal cause irreversible changes in the structure of the metal. To prevent this, during storage or transport, the surfaces of metal elements must be protected against environmental factors, which include: high air humidity, acid rain and variable temperature. These factors accelerate the corrosion process, which cannot be eliminated, but can be reduced by protecting metal elements with e.g. protective oils. Some metals have the ability to passivate, which is a natural protective agent that prevents corrosion. It consists in the formation of an oxide of this metal on the metal surface. Where there is no natural protection against corrosion, protective measures must be used. This paper presents the technology for the production of protective oil for temporary protection against corrosion. The innovation of this project is that the oil will form a thin, well adhering protective layer on the metal surface, which can be easily removed. It is characterised by very low viscosity and low dripping time. It is possible to achieve by using proper base oil with carefully selected anti-corrosion additives. Based on the standard PN-75/C-04154 Petroleum products. Rust protection by metal preservatives the humidity cabinet test method, corrosion tests were carried out. The paper presents the results of a humidity cabinet test for an oil mixture based on deeply refined base oil and properly selected refining additives. The test results confirmed very good anti-corrosive properties of the developed oil due to the use of a corrosion inhibitor and an oxidation inhibitor. The thickness of the protective layer formed on the metal surface was calculated based on a mathematical formula. The resulting layer forms a thin oil film, easy to remove and protecting the metal surface from corrosion.
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8

Berchez, Octavian, and Alina Stanciu. "THE RESULT OF THE NON-COMPLIANCE ASPECTS FOR THE AIR AND WATER, IN THE OIL EXTRACTION OF SUPLACU DE BARCĂU AND THE MEASURES REQUIRED FOR THEIR PROTECTION." Natural Resources and Sustainable Development 9, no. 1 (2019): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31924/nrsd.v9i1.024.

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9

Soares, Ilton Araújo, Jorge Eduardo Lins Oliveira, and Eduardo Rodrigues Viana Lima. "Conflitos socioambientais na Área de Proteção Ambiental de Jenipabu - RN." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 11, no. 2 (2018): 490–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v11.2.p490-509.

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10

Resnik, David B. "Responsible Conduct in Nanomedicine Research: Environmental Concerns beyond the Common Rule." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 40, no. 4 (2012): 848–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2012.00713.x.

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The Common Rule (45 CFR 46, subpart A) is a set of regulations for protecting human participants in research funded by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), which has been adopted in part by 17 federal agencies. It includes four different subparts: Subpart A (general protections for human research participants), Subpart B (additional protections for pregnant women, fetuses, and neonates), Subpart C (additional protections for prisoners), and Subpart D (additional protections for children). The Common Rule has not been significantly revised since 1981 although some significant changes may be forthcoming. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has adopted its own regulations for the protection of human participants, which are similar to the Common Rule in many key areas, such as the structure and function of the Institutional Review Board (IRB), and the criteria for approving research.
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11

Dávila-Ruhaak, Sarah. "Protection of Vulnerable Communities: A Case of Coal-Ash Disaster in Puerto Rico." Michigan Journal of Environmental & Administrative Law, no. 9.2 (2020): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.36640/mjeal.9.2.protection.

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The connection between the environment and human rights is not a surprising one. The enjoyment of human rights depends on a person’s ability to live free from interference and to have his or her rights protected. The interdependence of human rights and the protection of the environment is manifested in the full and effective enjoyment of the right to a healthy environment. This article argues that in order to protect vulnerable persons and communities facing environmental harm, a human rights framework—specifically the right to a healthy environment—must be applied. A human rights approach complements environmental justice work, recognizing that individuals and communities affected by environmental harm are rights-holders entitled to protection. Such communities are left out of important decisions about their environment and the effect of environmental harm in their lives. Individuals most vulnerable to environmental harm are often members of poor, rural, and disenfranchised communities. The destruction of the environment disproportionately affects these communities, preventing them from accessing basic natural resources, clean water and sanitation, adequate housing, food security, and access to health and medical assistance. Additionally, intersecting forms of discrimination exacerbate exclusion and marginalization. A human rights approach to environmental justice emphasizes the need to protect affected communities and holds the State responsible for recognizing their vulnerability and providing heightened protection. This article seeks to show that while the human right to a healthy environment has not been widely recognized, a robust juridical framework enables environmental justice advocates and affected communities to vindicate the rights of vulnerable communities. The case study of coal-ash contamination in Puerto Rico and the harms suffered by affected communities there anchors the argument for why advocates should use a human rights framework to protect the rights of the most vulnerable. The case of Puerto Rico is illustrative of so many poor, disenfranchised, and vulnerable communities around the world, affected by environmental harm and in need of a human rights-based framework.
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12

Dr. M. S. Shinde, Dr M. S. Shinde. "Environmental Issue “Kas Plateau And Kas Lake”: Role of Ngos in Environmental Protection and Conservation." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 6 (October 1, 2011): 489–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/june2014/153.

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13

Taruvinga, Amon, Abbyssinia Mushunje, and Novuyo Gumpo. "EIAs and Environmental Protection: Evidence from the mining sector, Zimbabwe." International Proceedings of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering 96 (2016): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ipcbee.2016.v96.10.

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14

Renwal, Yogesh, and Harish Uniyal. "Evaluation of Feasibility of Interlinking of Rivers for Environmental Protection." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-1, Issue-6 (October 31, 2017): 418–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd3545.

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15

Vincent, Kamlini, and Amrita Khatri. "ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9SE (September 30, 2015): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3127.

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It is not as though degradation of environment is only a recent phenomenon. In the past also human activities have resulted in the degradation of environment, though they were not aware of it. Mans impact on the environment has resulted in pollution of environment. The protection and improvement of the human environment is a major issue which affects the well-being of people and economic development. Environmental protection is a practice of protecting the environment, on organizational levels, for the benefit of the natural environment and human- been. According to section 2 (a) of the environmental protection Act, ‘Environment’ includes water, air and land inter-relationship which exists among and between water, air and land and human beings other living creatures, plants, micro-organism and property. There are about two hundred laws dealing with environmental protection both before and after independence in India.
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Baji, Avinash, Komal Agarwal, and Sruthi Venugopal Oopath. "Emerging Developments in the Use of Electrospun Fibers and Membranes for Protective Clothing Applications." Polymers 12, no. 2 (February 24, 2020): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12020492.

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There has been increased interest to develop protective fabrics and clothing for protecting the wearer from hazards such as chemical, biological, heat, UV, pollutants etc. Protective fabrics have been conventionally developed using a wide variety of techniques. However, these conventional protective fabrics lack breathability. For example, conventional protective fabrics offer good protection against water but have limited ability in removing the water vapor and moisture. Fibers and membranes fabricated using electrospinning have demonstrated tremendous potential to develop protective fabrics and clothing. These fabrics based on electrospun fibers and membranes have the potential to provide thermal comfort to the wearer and protect the wearer from wide variety of environmental hazards. This review highlights the emerging applications of electrospinning for developing such breathable and protective fabrics.
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Reshnyak, V. I., and K. A. Kazmin. "Environmental risks of accidental pollution during oil spills at water transport." E3S Web of Conferences 110 (2019): 02084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911002084.

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The paper is devoted to the problem of protecting the environment from accidental environmental pollution from oil spills. Protection against this type of pollution is provided by a set of organizational measures and technical means that are aimed at preventing the occurrence of an accidental spill, stopping the flow of oil into the environment, eliminating the spill and eliminating its consequences. The development basis for a complex of protective measures in the form of a system including organizational measures and technical means was determined. This complex includes an operational procedure, the implementation of which provides effective protection against accidental pollution. The environmental risk assessment algorithm for emergency pollution of the environment during oil spills includes forming technical device groups for each technical object intended for moving oil. For each group, the environmental risk assessment is carried out by determining possible damage and the probability of an accidental spill, the causes of accidental spills are analyzed as well.
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18

Zellmer, Henning. "The Aller Valley project: geosite protection, German history and environmental education." Schriftenreihe der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 66 (May 28, 2010): 104–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/sdgg/66/2010/104.

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19

Kurbanov, Saligadzhi, Akhmed Sozaev, Astemir Shogenov, and Abduvali Karshiev. "Bioengineering systems for protection and improvement of urbanized areas of coastal and recreational zones." E3S Web of Conferences 262 (2021): 03021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126203021.

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The problems of protection and environmental management of disturbed and urbanized areas of coastal and recreational zones are urgent for the southern regions of Russia. Exogenous natural processes, intensively developing in the basins of small rivers of mountain zones, pose dangerous situations for populated areas and tourist centers. The applied methods of controlling exogenous processes require ecologization and adaptation to the natural environment. Engineering systems are required to solve the complex problem of reliable protection of urbanized and recreational areas and restoration of disturbed land areas. Bioengineering systems, interconnected structures, which effectively perform engineering and biological functions of protecting territories and restoring disturbed lands have to be developed. For scientific substantiation of proposed bioengineering systems, theoretical and experimental research methods were used, as well as scientific and technical achievements in the fight against exogenous natural processes. The main study results are new constructive and technological solutions for environmental bioengineering systems in disturbed areas of coastal and recreational zones. In compliance with the regulatory requirements for environmental technologies, protective and regulatory structures and slope fastenings have been developed, forming bioengineering systems. Theoretical foundations and recommendations for the design and construction of bioengineering systems for river bed regulation, protection and restoration of disturbed lands in protected areas have been developed. For further studies, scientific, technical and technological foundations for the development of bioengineering protective systems from the proposed structures have been developed. In the future, technical conditions and projects of standard structures of protective and regulatory structures will be developed.
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20

Jaffal, Z. M., and W. F. Mahameed. "PREVENT ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE DURING ARMED CONFLICT." BRICS Law Journal 5, no. 2 (July 4, 2018): 72–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2412-2343-2018-5-2-72-99.

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International humanitarian law consists of different rules that are used for protecting people and restricting the methods of warfare. The application of international humanitarian law is not only limited to the protection of victims related to armed conflicts during the outbreak of hostilities; however, it is also helpful for protecting the victims of these conflicts, including environment. The legal rules for the protection of environment in armed conflict also provide legal protection for the environment during the outbreak of hostilities. The study is divided into several sections, starting from environmental damage in the context of warfare. Afterward, the study discusses the importance of preventive measures in armed conflicts. Furthermore, the properties of prevention protection of environment are discussed including cultural property, engineering installations and protected areas near hospitals and safety zones. The study has shown positive consequences of preventive protection method in both the conduct and the outbreak of hostilities. A set of mechanisms or legal procedures is imposed under humanitarian conventions to provide preventive protection to the environment. The principles of humanitarian law have been developed and enforced through the actions of the Red Cross. However, proved nonetheless to be insufficient to prevent environmental destruction. Principally, the enforcement mechanisms hindered the effectiveness of the provisions. In contrast, several conditions for the possibility of registering cultural property in the international register of cultural should be encouraged based on special prevention mechanisms so that the humanitarian conventions can take serious considerations towards it.
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Magadieva, A. A., and B. S. Murzabulatov. "ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION." RUSSIAN ELECTRONIC SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL 35, no. 1 (March 27, 2020): 203–2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31563/2308-9644-2020-35-1-203-212.

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The article discusses the key sources of environmental pollution and measures to preserve the environment and nature. By rational use of the Earth’s natural resources and responsible attitude to the environmental problem, this situation can be radically changed. One of the important problems of mankind today is environmental pollution. The environment is the habitat, the natural world that surrounds a person; includes natural and artificial environments. In many constituent entities of the Russian Federation, garbage reform has already begun to work. The goal of the garbage reform is the elimination of illegal landfills and the transition to separate waste collection, sorting and recycling so that they can be reused. Old landfills are subject to reclamation. Land reclamation as an integral part of environmental management in the development of environmental management projects in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents is required. Thus, nature conservation is a set of measures and measures aimed at the rational use and reproduction of all natural resources of the Earth, as well as the conservation of the gene pool of flora and fauna, wealth of the subsoil, clean water and atmospheric air.
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Venselaar, J. "Environmental Protection." Process Safety and Environmental Protection 83, no. 1 (January 2005): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1205/psep.04158.

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23

Venselaar, J. "Environmental Protection." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 82, no. 12 (December 2004): 1549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1205/cerd.82.12.1549.58043.

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Üniversitesi AVRUPA TOPLULUĞU ENSTİTÜSÜ, Marmara. "ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION." Marmara Üniversitesi Avrupa Topluluğu Enstitüsü Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi 2, no. 1&2 (2015): 287–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/mjes.371.

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Sharma, Purnendu. "ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9SE (September 30, 2015): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3269.

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From the beginning of the world to the present age, man has set a long journey of development. But in this journey, he has come forward alone leaving behind the eternal truth of life, as a result of which the catastrophic problems of the environment have taken birth and the world community has been trying to move forward by grappling with them for the past several decades. In view of its seriousness in 1972, a United Nations Conference was held in Stockholm, in which Mrs. Indira Gandhi, in her statement given for the protection of environment and welfare of mankind, said, "Man cannot be a civilized and true human being unless That he should not view the entire human civilization and the whole world in a friendly manner. In his statement, he highlighted the superiority of Vedic tradition and Indian way of life for environmental protection. सृष्टि के प्रारम्भ से वर्तमान युग तक मनुष्य ने विकास की लम्बी यात्रा तय की है। किन्तु इस यात्रा में वह जीवन के शाश्वत सत्य को पीछे छोड़कर अकेला आगे निकल आया है जिसके परिणाम में पर्यावरण की प्रलयंकारी समस्याओं ने जन्म ले लिया है और विश्व समुदाय विगत कई दशकों से इनसे जूझता हुआ आगे बढ़ने का प्रयास कर रहा है। 1972 में इसकी गम्भीरता को देखते हुए स्टाॅकहोम में संयुक्त राष्ट्र सम्मेलन आयोजित किया गया जिसमें श्रीमती इन्दिरा गांधी ने पर्यावरण संरक्षण एवं मानव जाति के कल्याण हेतु दिये गये अपने वक्तव्य में कहा कि, ’’मनुष्य तब तक सभ्य एवं सच्चा मानव नहीं हो सकता जब तक कि वह सम्पूर्ण मानव सभ्यता एवम् सम्पूर्ण सृष्टि को मित्रभाव से न देखे। अपने वक्तव्य में पर्यावरण संरक्षण हेतु वैदिक परम्परा एवम् भारतीय जीवन पद्धति की श्रेष्ठता को रेखांकित किया।
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Wu, Ting Ting. "Environmental Protection and Economic Development: You Can't Have your Cake and Eat it too - With the Purpose of the Environmental Law for Perspective." Applied Mechanics and Materials 675-677 (October 2014): 1826–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.675-677.1826.

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" Science and technology with law " is the world's environmental protection experiences lessons. Our country's current environmental protection law has been unable to effectively solve the increasingly serious environmental problems.The environmental protection law " dualism " ,which claiming that economic development and environment protection coordinated development ,is the shield of environmental pollution and waste of resources . Through comparing and analyzing of our country's , United States' and Japan's current environmental law legislation purpose and the effect of the practice by case , puts forward query to environmental law legislation 'purpose dualism' , further presents '"purpose monism" that taking "protecting environment, maintaining ecosystem " as the basic value orientation.
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27

Larsson, C.-M. "Biological basis for protection of the environment." Annals of the ICRP 41, no. 3-4 (October 2012): 208–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icrp.2012.06.019.

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The approach to protection of the environment may vary considerably depending on ethical basis, methodological approach, and identification of endpoints and protective targets. The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) reviewed these issues in Publication 91, ‘A framework for assessing the impact of ionising radiation on non-human species’, published in 2003. At the same time, ICRP proposed that a possible future ICRP system addressing environmental assessment and protection would focus on biota, that the system should be effect-based so that any reasoning about adequate protection would be derived from firm understanding of harm at different exposure levels, and that the system should be based on data sets for Reference Animals and Plants. ICRP has thus chosen to approach environmental protection on the basis of biology, and further developed the approach in Publications 103, 108 and 114. This paper explores the biological basis for the ICRP system of environmental protection from the viewpoints of: the effects endpoints of concern; the hierarchy of biological organisation; adequate and appropriate protective targets; and the derivation of benchmark dose (rates) to guide protective efforts.
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Zi, Xie, Dong Liucan, and Zhang Yongxing. "Radiation protection and environmental protection." Progress in Nuclear Energy 28, no. 1 (January 1994): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0149-1970(94)90018-3.

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Chinnaiah, Chinnaiah. "Sustainable Development and the Evolving for Environmental Protection in the Mining Industry." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 3 (October 1, 2011): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/mar2014/163.

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Savelyev, U. V. "Functional Polyurethane Coatings for Protection of Different Surfaces from Aggressive Environmental Factors." Science and innovation 10, no. 3 (May 30, 2014): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/scine10.03.026.

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Havet, Nathalie, Alexis Penot, Morgane Plantier, Barbara Charbotel, Magali Morelle, and Béatrice Fervers. "Do regulations protect workers from occupational exposures to carcinogenic, mutagenic and reprotoxic (CMR) agents in France?" Occupational and Environmental Medicine 75, no. 5 (December 9, 2017): 389–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2017-104586.

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ObjectiveThis article explores the impact of regulations on the implementation of collective protections in France to occupational exposure to carcinogenic, mutagenic and reprotoxic (CMR) agents.MethodsIndividual data from the French national cross-sectional survey of occupational hazards conducted in 2010 were analysed. We investigated whether stricter regulations and longer exposures were associated with higher level of collective protection using multivariate logistic regressions.ResultsGeneral ventilation, for which effect is limited as collective protection for CMR products, was present in 19% of situations involving CMR agents while isolation chambers, the most effective form of protection, were only very rarely implemented. Multilevel logistic regressions show that exposure situations to products classified as category 1 or 2 by the European Union do not have a higher probability of benefiting from a collective protection measures. Exposures to products with a Binding Occupational Exposure Limit Value selectively benefited from a better level of protection. Exposures to agents entered on the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) list of proven or probable carcinogens benefited more from effective collective protections than products suspected to be carcinogens but not yet classified by IARC.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the dissemination of evaluations of carcinogens by the IARC translate into improved protective measures even though the IARC classification has no mandatory impact on regulations.
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Erickson, Randall L. "Protecting environmental audits and reports: Balancing self-examination and self-protection." Remediation Journal 5, no. 2 (March 1995): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440050205.

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Spickett, Jeff, and Elaine Lindars. "Environmental health in environmental protection." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 24, no. 3 (June 2000): 223–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842x.2000.tb01560.x.

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van Ierland, Ekko, Corjan Brink, Leen Hordijk, and Carolien Kroeze. "Environmental Economics for Environmental Protection." Scientific World JOURNAL 2 (2002): 1254–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2002.289.

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Environmental economics deals with the optimal allocation of production factors and correcting market failure in protecting the environment. Market failure occurs because of externalities, common property resources, and public goods. Environmental policy instruments include direct regulation, taxes/subsidies, tradable permits, deposit systems, voluntary agreements, and persuasion.Environmental policies usually focus on one pollutant or environmental issue but may have substantial impacts on other emissions and environmental problems. Neglecting these impacts will result in suboptimal policies. We present an integrated optimisation model for determining cost-effective strategies to simultaneously reduce emissions of several pollutants from several sources, allowing for interrelations between sources and abatement options. Our integrated approach in regard to acidifying compounds and greenhouse gases will be able to provide cost-effective policy options that will result in lower overall abatement costs.This paper shows that efficient emission reduction can be calculated, but we argue that, for transboundary air pollution and climate change, it is difficult to implement the socially optimal solution because strong incentives exist for “free-riding”. In order to implement efficient policies, international environmental agree-ments like the Gothenburg or the Kyoto Protocol are necessary to establish stable coalitions. The stability of these agreements depends on the distribution of costs and benefits over countries and on the redistribution of the gains of cooperation.
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Egorov, E. A., Zh A. Shadrina, G. A. Kochyan, M. E. Podgornaya, and A. V. Vasilchenko. "The role of digital technologies in the management of production and technological processes in fruit growing (protection of fruit plantations and yield) on the example of the Krasnodar Region." Horticulture and viticulture, no. 6 (December 20, 2019): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31676/0235-2591-2019-6-42-49.

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The role of digital technologies in the management of production and technological processes in fruit growing on the example of the protection of fruit plantations and yield is revealed. On the example of the Krasnodar Region, basic elements of a process control model for protecting fruit planting from a specifi c disease or pest are proposed for the elaboration of digital technologies: a theoretical basis that reveals the organizational and functional structure of the control of protection processes; structural analysis of components of the protection process control model and optimization of the parameters of plant protection systems to ensure high biological and technological-economic effi ciency; design algorithm for the protection process management model, development of methods and cost optimization for protective measures according to the criteria of biological and environmental and economic effi ciency. The algorithm of the organizational structure of the management methodology, which is the basis for the development of digital technologies for managing production processes in commercial fruit growing is presented, the functional content of the stages of the algorithm is considered. An algorithm is proposed for the development of digital technology for process control, including: the formation of multifunctional databases and data banks, as well as an empirical database and geocoded data collection; diagnosis of diseases and pests; development of plant protection systems; selection of the optimal protection system; development of regulations for the use of chemical and biological agents; assessment of the biological and environmental and economic eff ectiveness of plant protection systems and yield; substantiation of the optimal parameters of the plant protection system and the yield. A predictive assessment of the eff ectiveness of the use of digital technologies in managing the protection of fruit plantations against diseases and pests is given: a comprehensive digitalization of the plantation protection processes, according to empirical data obtained through the use of individual digital technology elements in agricultural organizations of the Krasnodar Region, North Caucasian Federal Scientifi c Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making, data of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia. This will allow reducing labor costs by collection, processing of information to justify the optimal solution on the application of system for protecting plantings and yield from pests and diseases, on average, 2 times as compared with traditional systems, comprehensive accounting of all factors that infl uence or determine the state of the system, 2 times higher labor productivity, cost savings on protective measures by 23 % on average, increased production effi ciency and the competitiveness of fruit products.
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Thomas, Carson. "Advancing the Legal Protection of the Environment in Relation to Armed Conflict: Protocol I’s Threshold of Impermissible Environmental Damage and Alternatives." Nordic Journal of International Law 82, no. 1 (2013): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718107-08201005.

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This article presents both legal and strategic arguments for increasing the level of environmental protection in wartime within the legal context created by Articles 35 and 55 of Additional Protocol I. These provisions bifurcate the legal protection of the environment in armed conflict. Above the threshold, environmental damage is prohibited. Beneath the threshold, other international humanitarian law instruments and customary principles apply and may offer environmental protection, usually by balancing environmental damage against military necessity. The objective of this article is to propose legal and strategic frameworks to be addressed to military decision-makers considering environmentally harmful actions. It argues that the principle of military necessity, including strategic considerations, can be found compatible with enhanced environmental protections.
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Lowe, A. V., Colin Warbrick, and Alan E. Boyle. "II. Environmental Protection." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 39, no. 4 (October 1990): 940–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclqaj/39.4.940.

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Damme, Günter, and Klaus Mayr-Rauch. "Systematic environmental protection." ATZextra worldwide 17, no. 6 (November 2012): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s40111-012-0323-x.

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White, M. Catherine. "Environmental Protection Agency." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 75, no. 7 (1994): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94eo00781.

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Chmielnicki, Eva. "Environmental brain protection." Nature Medicine 20, no. 6 (June 2014): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm.3606.

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Bullard, Robert D. "Redefining Environmental Protection." Harvard Law Review 108, no. 2 (December 1994): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1341899.

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Mikus, Werner, Frank Werner, and Jorge Beckel Richter. "Adapted Environmental Protection." German Research 23, no. 2-3 (May 2001): 4–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1522-2322(200105)23:2/3<4::aid-germ4>3.0.co;2-l.

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Kaskarelis, Ioannis A. "Environmental protection impossibilities." Humanomics 29, no. 3 (August 23, 2013): 220–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/h-07-2013-0045.

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44

Spivey, James J. "Environmental protection catalysts." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 5, no. 3 (February 1995): N23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0926-3373(95)80014-x.

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Hackl, A. E. "Environmental protection — techniques." Science of The Total Environment 143, no. 1 (March 1994): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(94)90540-1.

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Makarskaitė-Petkevičienė, Rita. "ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TEACHER." GAMTAMOKSLINIS UGDYMAS / NATURAL SCIENCE EDUCATION 5, no. 2 (August 20, 2008): 54–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.48127/gu-nse/08.5.54a.

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Lászó, Erika. "Protection Capacities and Local Environmental Protection." Hadtudományi Szemle 13, no. 3 (2020): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32563/hsz.2020.3.11.

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One of the fundamental areas of safety and security is environmental safety/security. In addition to and in cooperation with governmental organisations, citizens and municipalities also have a role to play. Today’s events have proved that the capacities are finite, so, it is not incidental what municipalities can undertake in the field of environmental protection. It is timely to examine this issue, as in the epidemic period of 2020, all areas of the protection sector need to review their capacities and know what the municipalities currently involved in protection administration will be capable to perform in the field of environmental protection and in what fields they will be prompted to seek the help of protection organisations. In this article, the author uses a questionnaire survey to provide an overview of the topic in order to examine the extent to which the principle of subsidiarity can be applied to the protection sphere.
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MATSUMOTO, Yuki, Akiko KANEKO, Yutaka ABE, and Kenji YAMANE. "D212 TRANSITION OF CO_2 HYDRATE FILM THICKNESS WITH TIME PROGRESS(Environmental Protection-2)." Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Engineering (ICOPE) 2009.2 (2009): _2–337_—_2–342_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicope.2009.2._2-337_.

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Migheli, Matteo. "Income, wealth and use of personal protection equipment in the Mekong Delta." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 29 (March 25, 2021): 39920–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13449-w.

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AbstractBoth in developing and developed countries, farmers often do not protect themselves adequately, especially when applying agrochemicals that are dangerous for their health. The issue is relevant because insufficient protection is between the causes leading to intoxication of farmers and workers who handle these products. The literature suggests that both lack of training and information and low income may explain why, especially in developing countries, protective equipment is under-used. Using data from the Mekong Delta, this study addresses the issue of whether income and household wealth may help explaining the use of incomplete protections against pesticides. The results suggest that income, more than wealth, is a reason why Vietnamese farmers operating in the Mekong Delta fail in using adequate protections. In particular, the data suggest that they may prefer to divert resources to increasing the production of their fields or to buying goods that may be used both as protection and as everyday garments. This behaviour leads to underinvestment in some important protective goods. Possible public interventions to mitigate the problem are suggested; in particular, the promotion of integrated pest management techniques could be useful.
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Needleman, Herbert L. "The Case of Deborah Rice: Who Is the Environmental Protection Agency Protecting?" PLoS Biology 6, no. 5 (May 13, 2008): e129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0060129.

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