Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Environnement – Protection – Congo (République)'
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Nzaou-Kongo, Aubin. "Exploitation des hydrocarbures et protection de l’environnement en République du Congo : essai sur la complexité de leurs rapports à la lumière du droit international." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE3005.
Full textThe purpose of the study is to analyze the relationships that can be established between the exploitation of hydrocarbons and the protection of the environment in the Republic of Congo. Despite its title, it is a study of international law, in which the law of the sea and especially international environmental law contribute by their respective rules to limit the conditions for the exercise of the activities of exploitation of the hydrocarbons. It is - indeed - under the prism of development in international law and of an almost continuous international evolution, that these relations, appreciated within the framework of the Congolese national law, can take full significance. The study finds a mutual exclusion, for reasons that are due both to the national priority recognized for the exploitation of hydrocarbons and the still significant weakness of environmental rules, as transcribed in domestic law. It makes it possible to base this observation on an isolated approach of each of them, which limits the possibilities of reciprocal interaction. Making these two schemes lowly complement to each other. Based on the requirement emphasized by the ICJ in 1997 of a necessary conciliation between them, the study shows how the emergence in international law of this process of conciliation is translated into domestic law under the effect of the dynamics of the sustainable development. As a result, in spite of the necessary prudence of a developing country, which can only count on this economic and financial rent for the moment, the will of the national authorities to adopt a rational management of the exploitation. In this respect, the positive action of conciliation becomes, in the context of a climate crisis and the need for a new orientation towards the energy transition, the vector of this profound transformation which must be translated into legal reform of the same magnitude. integrating the management of all energy resources into an integrated legal framework favorable to the gradual disappearance of these carbon resources and their replacement by cleaner and renewable energies
Dorier-Apprill, Elisabeth. "Environnement et santé à Brazzaville, Congo : de l'écologie urbaine à la géographie sociale." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100030.
Full textNgoma, Samuel. "Agriculture et protection sociale au Congo." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON10031.
Full textThe congolese rural societies know a true mutation; a situation of crisis : the populations which formerly made a profit on the social protection, garanted by the essential of their social needs, with difficulties to satisfy the essential of their social needs, with the disaggregation of the clanish solidarity and the failure of the state on the matter of the social policy. In front of the lost of the income, the deterioration of the state of health, the increasing of mortality, the acceleration of the rural exodus and the insalubrity, the peasants are aware of the necessity of an auto-organisation
M'Voula, Annicet Brice. "Le système de protection sanitaire et sociale en République du Congo et les droits de l'homme." Grenoble 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE21048.
Full textNkongo, Diamana. "Le système de protection sociale au Congo : bilan et perspectives." Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090099.
Full textDibakana, Mouanda Jean-Aimé. "La politique de santé maternelle et infantile face aux croyances liées à la maternité au Congo : à travers les pratiques des professionnels de santé et des autres acteurs concernés à Brazzaville." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010541.
Full textLikouka, Ferdinand Sosthène. "Situation et devenir du système de protection sociale au Congo." Bordeaux 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR40013.
Full textIn the old days, in traditional congolese society, the notion of "individual fate" didn't exist ouside the community: the social needs of the individuals were secured by small entities such as the clan, the village and the family. Belonging to those entities garanteed a certain "security". With the modernization of the congolese society, those entities have broken up and find it more and more difficult, when they live on, to set up actions of "security" intended to protect their members from certain social needs and from the late growing extent of those needs. The modern systems of social security set up to go with the pervert effects of the modernization and growing "salarization" of the economy in the fifties could not enswe most of the population the right to social security. On the contrary, the personal field of application of the current mechanics of social protection remains in the favour of the salaried workers, that is to say the very ones who, due to their security of employment and income, can appear as priviledged. The complaints of the excluded population, longing for better living, working and health conditions, meet the inability for the state to bring out sufficient means, since the process of development of the country makes unsatisfied needs appear simultaneously and everywhere: unemployment, housing, health, education etc. . . Consequently, one has to imagine other forms of social protection or to relax the current mechanics of social security so that they can integrate other categories of the population (indepent workers among others). As for the paupers,the mecanics of social insurance seen to be the only ones adapted to their social welfare nowadays. If it is so, to what extent will this social welfare grow given that, on the one hand, the paupers sand for the major category of the country and that, on the other hand, the welfare state is falling off day after day? Obviously, the future of the congolese system of social protection is quite incertain
Makiese, Ndoma Flavien. "Dynamique du marché du travail congolais en environnement de crise : une approche par l'informalité d'emplois segmentée." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0139.
Full textThis thesis analyses informal employment in the DRC under the assumption of a segmentation. We start with a description of the underlying conditions explaining the emergence, and then spread of informal jobs, which is mainly driven by a structural crisis and the destruction of formal employment in the DRC. The thesis then proposes to reject the uniqueness of the informal sector within the DRC labor market and analyzes its heterogeneity, based on the analyzes of Lautier (2004), Maloney (2004), Fields (2005) and Bacchetta et al. (2009).The thesis therefore highlights the relevance of combining the theories of informality and of segmentation to analyse informal employment in DRC, and applies this framework to two mutually enriching datasets: the 1-2-3 survey, which is quantitative, and qualitative data that we collected in the field and focused on a specific activity: an emerging market for second-hand equipment coming from Europe and called "bilokos" in DRC.The results from these two types of data allow to characterize what we call “the informality of segmented jobs”, a concept that we empirically apply with two levels of analysis: the Characteristics of the informal Activity (C.A.)., and the Profiles of the informal Entrepreneurs (P.E.). Mixed qualitative and quantitative methods allow us to characterize a segmentation in Informal Production Units along four types ranging from lower income to higher income
Kambaji, Lukusa. "Éducation et environnement : l'école catholique zaïroise comme épée à double tranchant, objet et lieu de luttes idéologiques et de pouvoir hégémonique (1906-1977)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29437.
Full textBodineau, Sylvie. "Droits de l'enfant en praxis : la protection des enfants kadogos en République démocratique du Congo." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37669.
Full textThis thesis intends to provide an anthropological view of the humanitarian intervention aiming at protecting child soldiers known as kadogos (small in Swahili) in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). It examines the way in which the child rights regime has been implemented, put into practice and articulated in the DRC, through the intervention; in particular, how the global ideal figures of childhood conveyed by the rights of the child have circulated, been put into action and negotiated within a local mechanism to support the reintegration of children and young people leaving armed forces and armed groups. Through a critical analysis of practices, between the elaboration of intervention guidelines and policies and their implementation, it focuses on discourses and practices of the protagonists of the programme implemented (interveners and beneficiaries), considering that they are at the centre of humanitarian transactions, where, in a way, the "monolithic block" that the intervention represents, confronting its field of application, crumbles, dilutes, diversifies, and/or deviates; in the interstices and "entre-lieux de l’humanitaire" (Saillant 2007c) where children's rights are negotiated and "vernacularized" (Merry 2007). By not focusing on an "exotic" population (Congolese "child soldiers"), but on the way in which the "child rights regime" (Pupavac 2001), which originated in the Western world, is confronted with Congolese realities through humanitarian child protection practices, this research is part of an anthropology of the "close". From a typically anthropological perspective, by looking at the practice of children's rights outside their place of creation, it provides a better understanding of how altruisms are constructed in the very contemporary transnational context of humanitarian intervention and human rights. Tracking children's rights from their global conception to their local praxis, it opens the door for their renewal in its different spaces.
Kianguebeni, Ulrich. "La protection du patrimoine culturel au Congo." Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE0001/document.
Full textCongolese cultural heritage law is recent due to the young age of legal tools. In fact, this law that is inspired by French law because of cultural assimilation from French colonization. Instituted in a particular historical context, current conception of cultural heritage in Congo has been an emanation of colonial administrators and missionaries. This conception is essentially based in French cultural values. As a metropolis, France instituted the application of its laws in the colonies. An application not followed of actions because of the lack of heritage in the western understanding in Congo. When Congo got its independency in 1960, new Congolese elite graduated in French schools opted for a legal and institutional imitation to rule the State but also to protect cultural heritage. Consequently, first laws that illustrate this imitation are the Law 32/65 of August 12th 1968 providing the state with the possibility to create organs to develop culture and arts and the Decree 68-45 of February 19th 1968 fixing the operation procedures of the Law32/65 of August 12th 1968. This imitation revealed gaps because Congolese social and cultural conditions have not been taken into account. Therefore at the end of the 1970’s, there has been an attempt to come back to the traditional conception of cultural heritage, with for example the affirmation of Congolese cultural heritage. Congo still emphasizes this interest for the protection of cultural heritage by cultural development policies and adoption of two laws: the Law N°8-2010 of July 26th 2010 on the protection of national cultural and natural heritage and the Law N°09-2010 of July 26th 2010on the orientation of cultural policy in Congo. This is an additional walk towards the protection of cultural heritage, although this is still embryonic and very insufficient. However, it must be stressed that protection of cultural heritage encounters many difficulties linked to human and financial resources. This is why this work proposes some measures and initiatives in favor of an effective protection and management of Congolese cultural heritage
Mikala-N'Godjo, Claude. "Le tourisme au Congo : situation et perspectives." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CLF20025.
Full textIt seems important to be aware of the present congolese situation and to learn about its potentialities in perspective. After independence, tourism was almost inexistant in congo. Yet the country has a great deal of natural and cultural resources. Nothing but the lack of exploitation of these resources prevents congo to develop an outstanding competitive position on the international market. Great financial efforts are required to enhance these touristic features by creating necessary infrastructures in terms of reception and supplies. The governement should have its priority objectives in the satisfaction of mostly european customers'needs. Therefore, every efforts should be made to get fair accommodation distributed on the whole country, and to develop the means of information for the customers. Measures in terms of cooperation with the tower operators, the formation of skilled labour contribute to the profitability of services, and to the development of the country. Despite some good effort, perspectives still depend on the governement'will to carry out the different projects under consideration
Konga, François. "L’encadrement juridique de l’action des Nations Unies en République Démocratique du Congo." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100156.
Full textThe legal framework for UN action in the DRC is analysed in order to determine the norms and rules guiding the effictive control of the tasks assigned to peacekeeping operations in the restoration and consolidation of peace. This thesis deals with supervision both from the introspective angle of the actors in the internal and from the reconstruction of the political system of the post-conflict state and its population. The laboratory character of MONUSCO in the practice of the protection of civilians, set as the highest priority of the mandate, explores two approaches to the maintenance of peace (legal and political). By invoking it , the Mission develops a remarkable hyperactivity through unusual initiatives, tools, tactics, mechanisms, civil and military posture. Due to their active participation in hostilities, the homogeneity of the status of peacekeepers presents ambiguities. Renewing the problematic of United Nations action in the post-conflict reconstruction of the state, this thesis questions the balance of legality - legitimacy of intervention through the internationalization of normativity. At the same time, it provides a new perspective : the plasticity of the concept of protecting civilians in the practice of the Mission. This research leads to the conclusion that the legal framework of the UN action is evolutionary, resolute and entrenched by international law but that the activities of the Mission are part of a network of norms and values which do not exclusively êrtain to international law
André, Véronique. "Environnement menacé ou territoire géré ? : le Fouta Djalon (République de Guinée)." Bordeaux 3, 2002. https://hal.science/tel-04164980.
Full textKabwa, Kabwe Gaston. "La protection du patrimoine de l'enfant en droits congolais et français comparés." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010271.
Full textBodineau, Sylvie. "Figures d'enfants soldats : vulnérabilité et puissance d'agir." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28331/28331.pdf.
Full textNdala, Timothé. "Problèmes socio-scolaires des élèves de milieu familial défavorisé : propositions et projets d'action pour une amélioration de l'aide sociale à l'enfance dans le cadre de l'action sociale au Congo." Lyon 2, 1986. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/1986/ndala_t.
Full textThe author, a social worker, has been working for several years with organizations dealing in various ways with social help to children. He noticed children from underprivileged family background called "social cases" were more or less left out of the commonly admitted system of social protection this stuy deals with the various policies about social help and offers a deep analysis of the dynamics of an incentive policy for congo. The stress is put on the study of the set up of a social protection for everyone. It sets a light on the reasons and ways of the xetension of social protection to underprivileged populations and its results. This study issues on recommendations. This work should interest social science researchers, politicians and civil servants concerned by the matter of social help and who, at the moment, are tryng to think about the way social help is done and more particularly help to the underpriviledged childhood
Ngidjima, Loleke Lotshangola Jose. "Etude de la performance de la coopétition par le capital social : le cas des mines artisanales de diamant au Kasai, en République Démocratique du Congo." Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0038/document.
Full textIn today’s global economy, where the entrepreneurial environment is defined as uncertain and turbulent, companies choses coopétition strategies to have advantage and performance. But, according to the specialized literature, if the advantage and the performance are highlighted to justify the relevance of the strategies of coopetition, the notion of opportunism of the partner is also widely invested and identified by research as a brake on coopetition. It is in this way that we can see in this literature two differentiated theses which goods the analyses on coopetition; a relationship between competitors, a source of exceptional performance and a fragile and unstable relationship at all times, on account of the supposed opportunism of the partner. The opportunism of the partner is particularly problematic in that it would lead to limiting the performance and advantages from expected coopetition. The aim of the research is to establish a link between the performance of coopetition and social capital. Based on the opportunism of the partner, we have posited that the performance of a coopetition depends on two prerequisites: the reduction of opportunism and the increase in the commitment of the actors in relationships. Year empirical study is being carried out on the coopetition of very small mining companies of diamond in kasaï in Democratic Republic of Congo. A qualitative methodology allows the collection of data by semi direct interviews and the operation of the terms of speech using the lexicon metric tool “Iramuteq”. The objective is to identify the theoretically determined elements, which reflect either the stakes of coopétition for very small mining companies in a difficult environment or the relevance of social capital in the performance of coopetition. The link between the reduction of opportunism, the increase in commitment and the advantages of coopetition with social capital are the contribution of the research, contribution that concerns the knowledge both in management if coopetition, and relating to the very small mining companies of difficult context. The key variable “opportunism” of the partner is the source of the link between the performance of coopetition and social capital. The logic followed us in response to the questions raised in the literature by different authors about the risk of opportunism that leads to the fragility and instability of coopetition. This allows us to formulate a virtuous model of the performance of coopetition through social capital. At the end of our empirical study, a discussion on managerial implications is conducted; leading to a specific form of coopetition invoicing two levels of network and recommendations are envisaged
Di, Razza Namie. "La protection des civils par les opérations de maintien de la paix de l’ONU : le cas de la MONUC/MONUSCO en République démocratique du Congo (1999-2015)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0002.
Full textThe failures of UN peacekeeping operations in Rwanda and Bosnia greatly eroded the aura of Blue helmets, appearing as helpless witnesses of massacres and atrocities. Nevertheless, since 1999, “protection of civilians” went through an institutional expansion and normalization within the UN, both in doctrine and practice. The Security Council and the Secretariat raised it as the priority task of peace operations, and engaged in a critical development of the concept of protection of civilians. The United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC, then MONUSCO), which has been the laboratory for practices of protection for the last 15 years, displayed a remarkable hyperactivity to protect people. Various specific tools and mechanisms were developed in order to strengthen the Mission capability to respond to protection needs. Similarly, UN peacekeepers proved that they could handle a large range of operational practices to protect civilians, from simple deterrent presence to offensive operations against armed groups. This thesis demonstrates the conceptual and practical evolutions that occurred, and clarifies the factors that influence the concrete implementation of this protection policy, now central to UN peacekeeping. It explores the institutional dynamics and the political dynamics that both delineate the outline of the practice of protection, and that can reduce or increase their efficiency
Ndukuma, Adjayi Kodjo. "Le droit de l'économie numérique en République Démocratique du Congo à la lumière des expériences européennes et Françaises." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D085.
Full textThe expansion of telecoms and digitalization has fuelled the digital revolution. Their societal aspects represent a tangible source for legal dealings within the e-commerce and the information economy. The first line of inquiry establishes a model for the legal framework created over time for the European and French e-commerce. It demonstrates that legal adjustments narrowly followed the evolution of telecommunications methods : teleshopping (1989), remote contracts (1997), supplies for remote financial services (2002). However, the rise of this "electronic gateway" revolutionized the services of the Information Society, regulated since 2000 by the directive 2000/31/CE. (I)The second line of inquiry analyses the evolution of legislative policies on telecoms and electronic communications in Europe and in France. Because of the globalization of trade, the expansion of technological communications, the internationalization of networks and the growth of multinational firms, the international trade law transferred European legal standards of telecoms in Africa (DRC). (II) Congolese legislation, for instance, has followed the European model of deregulation. By opening rights of access to the telecoms sector, which was previously monopolistic, the country is undergoing the transformation of public services into the market economy. Everywhere, the regulation right creates new challenges for the separation of regulation, operation and control services. In addition, competition raises a new challenge regarding the self-regulation of trade by economic powers. (III) As innovations continue, the initial law of telecoms in RDC is unable to regulate the contingencies of the digital revolution, in particular in the areas of personal data and cybercrime. Since April 2017, the Congolese parliament is working
Ngondzi, Jonas Rémy. "Enfants-soldats, conflits armés, liens familiaux : Quels enjeux de prise en charge dans le cadre du processus de DDR ? Approche comparative entre les deux Congo." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00958088.
Full textGombarino, Rutashigwa Faustin-Noël. "L' implantation missionnaire au Congo-RDC : de l' assistance à l'autonomie financière. Une approche socio-historique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H035/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses the missionary presence in the Democratic Republic of Congo under the Belgian rule towards the end of the Sixth Century. We seek to understand bow this Church came to be financially dependent by looking at the different causes or exogenous and endogenous as well as the roots of this phenomenon within the context of the colonial policy. From the beginning, it has received State subsidies and enjoyed other significant advantages including large tracts of land. Ever since the native hierarchy has taken over, i.e. as from the decolonization, this Church has been unable to support itself and has been obliged constantly seek external aid from western financial bodies in order to meet its needs. But in the light of the current western sociocultural context (decline of religious practices, financial crises worldwide ... ) such a financial extraversion is no longer comforting. Ali things considered, long accustomed as it was to be assisted, this Congolese Church now needs to develop a new course of action through which it will be able to find other means of self-support for its survival. The objective of this work is to show that there is potential at band, namely the mobilization and the rational management of the human and economic resources available, the cost-effectiveness of the production facilities inherited from the missionaries, but resting on a favourable national sociopolitical and economic environment and a change in the attitude of the parties involved
Bingono-Meba, Emmanuel-Nances. "Protection et valorisation économique de trois milieux fluvio-marins du centre du golfe de Guinée (estuaires du Gabon, du río Muni et baie de la Mondah) : biodiversité et développement durable." Montpellier 3, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011271v2.
Full textThe equatorial fringe of the gulf of Guinea represents an enormous floristic, fauna, and ecosystem wealth. Quite opposite to those of west Africa and Asia, they are enough well preserved, because of the weak human occupation. However, with the increase of the urban population, we can see a certain erosion of this biodiversity. While the first actions of these forests conservation and their fauna began about a century ago, important projects of conservation are being done for ten years and that the idea of an economic value for a lasting exploitation is starting to interest all the actors (explorers, conservators, local communities, political decision makers), new partnership actions proposed during the summit of sustainable development in Johannesburg in 2002 should be soon concretized. The protected areas, tools of conservation of the biodiversity are shown in Gabon and in Equatorial Guinea as well. Their openness to the ecotourism, on this coastal zone of the Corisco bay is the object of this study
Kabeya, Kipana Crispin [Verfasser]. "Droit à la rémunération juste et à la protection sociale du clergé diocésain : Étude historico-canonique du can. 281, §§ 1-2. Dans la perspective de la prise en charge de l’Église particulière par elle-même en République Démocratique du Congo / Crispin Kabeya Kipana." Frankfurt a.M. : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1224831527/34.
Full textKasongo, Lukoji Ghislain. "Essai sur la construction d'un droit pénal des mineurs en R.D. Congo à la lumière du droit comparé : approches lege lata et lege feranda." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0278/document.
Full textThe Republic democratic of Congo has inherited from Belgium a guardianship children’s system crystallized by the decree of 1950 on delinquent childhood, which was criticized for being inadequate to the Congolese societal realities. However, this text remained in force until 2009, when the country adopted a juvenal protection act (JPA). This text will have the merit of addressing almost all legal issues relating to children; but its main weakness remains the lack of clarity, coherence, and global vision. This law has indeed a legal imbroglio which emerges both at the level of primary and secondary criminalization. While its title suggests the continuity of the tutelary model, its content reveals an alignment with the Malian children’s protection act of 2002, which, on the criminal level, is influenced by the French system more oriented towards repression. While some authors continue to support an absolute criminal irresponsibility of the minor, the JPA uses some concepts which contradicts this approach. Therefore, the present study has proposed a criminal and critical reading based on a systemic, coherent and contextual approach to the juvenile offender while referring to both customary and comparative law (French and Belgian). This study demonstrates the autonomy of Congolese criminal law on minors
Wasenda, N'Songo Corneille. "Le droit pénal congolais confronté aux exigences constitutionnelles." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D046.
Full textWhereas in other places the link between constitutional law and criminal law have been accepted as the basis of criminal law on the one hand, and the major questions of repressive law have played the role of a catalyst for the constitutionalisation of criminal law the state and the emergence of human rights on the other hand, in the Democratic Republic of Congo, however, the issue has rarely been treated systematically by researchers. Would the constitionalization of criminal law be a neglected subject ? The present thesis had the ambition to take up the challenge by making a cross reading and transversal of the various constitutions which ruled the country since the Basic law of 1960 relating to the structures of Congo, until the current Constitution of February 18. 2006. In this quest, it was necessary to avoid the trap of compartmentalization of legal disciplines by opting rather for their interdisciplinarity. Originnaly designed to combat the slave trade and protect the trade to the signatory states of the Berlin Act on the territory forming the Congo Basin, the criminal law has long kept this figure of a summary work, ignoring the importance constitutional issues on criminal policy. The observation was made during the developments of the first part devoted to the lack of respect for constitional requirementsin the construction of the repressive mechanism both in its foudations and its philosophical orientations. The changes that took place after the colonial period did not change the situation. Rather, they have created a repressive regime that focuses on protecting political institutions and their leaders, ignoring constitutional guarentees and respect for the fundamental rights of the human person. The democratic changes introduced by the Costitution of 18 february 2006 augured a new ideological framework in the organization of society. It jhas introduced new forms of social control and regulation, which are naturally part of a new criminal law. The latter must comply with certain ethical conditions in the determination and hierarchy of social values on the one hand, and one the other hand, in the protection of the social group with particular attention to vulnerable people and, finalty, it must have a value both for ordinary citizens and for the various categories of offenders, including a range of appropriate. The examination of all these questions has demonstrated in the second part of the thesis that there are limits to the respect constitutional requirements, because of the lack of adaptability of a constitutional review of penal norms and especially because of the insufficiency of criminal protection of the Constitution, thus preventing the Constitutionnal Court from playing the role of a real actor of criminal policy
Ehrenstein, Véra. "Géopolitique du carbone : L'action internationale pour le climat aux prises avec la déforestation tropicale." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENMP0039/document.
Full textMy work is about the constitution of tropical deforestation as a problem for climate change negotiations. Since 2005, governmental representatives have been investigating the means through which international action could be organized in order to maintain the carbon sequestered by tropical forests using economic incentives. This initiative has been fostering a range of issues that I analyze through a multisite ethnographical inquiry. Some of these problems are related to the initiative’s global dimension: sovereign states have to collectively decide, comparable measurement methods have to be created, and monetary redistribution systems have to be elaborated. Other problems are more specific to the situation of developing countries strongly dependent on development aid. In this latter case, public administration weaknesses cannot be ignored and the demands formulated by the so-called local communities cannot be bypassed. I show that these issues produce a distributed, fragile and selective activity. Since coercion is not an option, the ambitions of these international adjustments are modest and the arrangements created to invent international decision-making, to negotiate the right measure or to induce moral conducts make mediators proliferate
Kumpel, Van N. A. L. Jean-Pierre. "Le collège Lankwan d'Idiofa en République démocratique du Congo : visées et attentes des parents d'élèves." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15096.
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