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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Enzymes Synthesis Genetic aspects

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Academic literature on the topic 'Enzymes Synthesis Genetic aspects'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Enzymes Synthesis Genetic aspects"

1

Bayly, R. C., A. Duncan, J. W. May, et al. "Microbiological and Genetic Aspects of the Synthesis of Polyphosphate by Species of Acinetobacter." Water Science and Technology 23, no. 4-6 (1991): 747–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0525.

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Strains of Acinetobacter which showed marked variation in their ability to accumulate intracellular polyphosphate (Pn) were isolated from a pilot-plant which was removing phosphate biologically. Variants which could not accumulate Pn under the same growth conditions were derived from two of the isolates which accumulated high levels of Pn. The activities of five enzymes reported to have a role in Pn synthesis showed no significant differences between the two variants, their parent strains and two other natural isolates. In the presence of 20 µm N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD), growth of t

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Ellingwood, Sara S., and Alan Cheng. "Biochemical and clinical aspects of glycogen storage diseases." Journal of Endocrinology 238, no. 3 (2018): R131—R141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-18-0120.

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The synthesis of glycogen represents a key pathway for the disposal of excess glucose while its degradation is crucial for providing energy during exercise and times of need. The importance of glycogen metabolism is also highlighted by human genetic disorders that are caused by mutations in the enzymes involved. In this review, we provide a basic summary on glycogen metabolism and some of the clinical aspects of the classical glycogen storage diseases. Disruptions in glycogen metabolism usually result in some level of dysfunction in the liver, muscle, heart, kidney and/or brain. Furthermore, t

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Andriotis, Vasilios M. E., Martin Rejzek, Michael D. Rugen, Birte Svensson, Alison M. Smith, and Robert A. Field. "Iminosugar inhibitors of carbohydrate-active enzymes that underpin cereal grain germination and endosperm metabolism." Biochemical Society Transactions 44, no. 1 (2016): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20150222.

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Starch is a major energy store in plants. It provides most of the calories in the human diet and, as a bulk commodity, it is used across broad industry sectors. Starch synthesis and degradation are not fully understood, owing to challenging biochemistry at the liquid/solid interface and relatively limited knowledge about the nature and control of starch degradation in plants. Increased societal and commercial demand for enhanced yield and quality in starch crops requires a better understanding of starch metabolism as a whole. Here we review recent advances in understanding the roles of carbohy

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Alkhzouz, Camelia, Simona Bucerzan, Maria Miclaus, Andreea-Manuela Mirea, and Diana Miclea. "46,XX DSD: Developmental, Clinical and Genetic Aspects." Diagnostics 11, no. 8 (2021): 1379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11081379.

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Differences in sex development (DSD) in patients with 46,XX karyotype occur by foetal or postnatal exposure to an increased amount of androgens. These disorders are usually diagnosed at birth, in newborns with abnormal genitalia, or later, due to postnatal virilization, usually at puberty. Proper diagnosis and therapy are mostly based on the knowledge of normal development and molecular etiopathogenesis of the gonadal and adrenal structures. This review aims to describe the most relevant data that are correlated with the normal and abnormal development of adrenal and gonadal structures in dire

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Frank, S., A. A. Brindley, E. Deery, et al. "Anaerobic synthesis of vitamin B12: characterization of the early steps in the pathway." Biochemical Society Transactions 33, no. 4 (2005): 811–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0330811.

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The anaerobic biosynthesis of vitamin B12 is slowly being unravelled. Recent work has shown that the first committed step along the anaerobic route involves the sirohydrochlorin (chelation of cobalt into factor II). The following enzyme in the pathway, CbiL, methylates cobalt-factor II to give cobalt-factor III. Recent progress on the molecular characterization of this enzyme has given a greater insight into its mode of action and specificity. Structural studies are being used to provide insights into how aspects of this highly complex biosynthetic pathway may have evolved. Between cobalt-fact

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Hellemond, Jaap J. van, Anita van der Klei, SusanneW H. van Weelden, and Aloysius G. M. Tielens. "Biochemical and evolutionary aspects of anaerobically functioning mitochondria." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 358, no. 1429 (2003): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2002.1182.

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Mitochondria are usually considered to be the powerhouses of the cell and to be responsible for the aerobic production of ATP. However, many eukaryotic organisms are known to possess anaerobically functioning mitochondria, which differ significantly from classical aerobically functioning mitochondria. Recently, functional and phylogenetic studies on some enzymes involved clearly indicated an unexpected evolutionary relationship between these anaerobically functioning mitochondria and the classical aerobic type. Mitochondria evolved by an endosymbiotic event between an anaerobically functioning

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Sebezhko, O. I., K. N. Narozhnykh, O. S. Korotkevich, D. A. Alexandrova, and I. N. Morozov. "Contemporary aspects of cholesterol metabolism in cattle." Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University), no. 2 (July 13, 2021): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2021-59-2-91-105.

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The literature review presents the current understanding of cholesterol metabolism occurring under physiological conditions. The homeostasis of cholesterol in the body is determined by its endogenous synthesis, the transition to the cell from plasma as part of low-densitylipoproteins( LDL), the release of their cells as part of high-density lipoproteins (HDL). The molecular-genetic mechanisms of regulation of cholesterol homeostasis are described in detail. The genes for cholesterol biosynthesis in major multicellular animals were inherited from their last common eukaryotic ancestor and are ev

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Ershov, Pavel, Leonid Kaluzhskiy, Yuri Mezentsev, Evgeniy Yablokov, Oksana Gnedenko, and Alexis Ivanov. "Enzymes in the Cholesterol Synthesis Pathway: Interactomics in the Cancer Context." Biomedicines 9, no. 8 (2021): 895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9080895.

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A global protein interactome ensures the maintenance of regulatory, signaling and structural processes in cells, but at the same time, aberrations in the repertoire of protein–protein interactions usually cause a disease onset. Many metabolic enzymes catalyze multistage transformation of cholesterol precursors in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Cancer-associated deregulation of these enzymes through various molecular mechanisms results in pathological cholesterol accumulation (its precursors) which can be disease risk factors. This work is aimed at systematization and bioinformatic analy

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Kulkarni, R. N., K. Baskaran, and Tripta Jhang. "Breeding medicinal plant, periwinkle [Catharanthus roseus(L) G. Don]: a review." Plant Genetic Resources 14, no. 4 (2016): 283–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262116000150.

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AbstractPeriwinkle [Catharanthus roseus(L) G. Don] has become one of the very extensively investigated medicinal plants after the discovery of two powerful anti-cancer alkaloids, vinblastine and vincristine, in its leaves more than 50 years ago. These alkaloidal drugs are still in clinical use. Also, periwinkle is still the only source of these alkaloids and their precursors, catharanthine and vindoline. Low concentrations of these alkaloids in the plant and, therefore, high costs of their extraction have led to tremendous efforts towards understanding their biosynthesis and exploration of alt

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Müllner, Heidemarie, and Günther Daum. "Dynamics of neutral lipid storage in yeast." Acta Biochimica Polonica 51, no. 2 (2004): 323–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2004_3574.

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Since energy storage is a basic metabolic process, the synthesis of neutral lipids occurs in all kingdoms of life. The yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, widely accepted as a model eukaryotic cell, contains two classes of neutral lipids, namely steryl esters and triacylglycerols. Triacylglycerols are synthesized through two pathways governed by the acyl-CoA diacylglycerol acyltransferase Dga1p and the phospholipid diacylglycerol acyltransferase Lro1p, respectively. Steryl esters are formed by the two steryl ester synthases Are1p and Are2p, two enzymes with overlapping function which also catalyz

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Enzymes Synthesis Genetic aspects"

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Maguire, Deborah Jane. "Studies on the 5-aminolevulinate synthase gene and its regulation /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm213.pdf.

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Cotton, Kimberly Lynn. "Genetic and biochemical analysis of essential enzymes in triacylglycerol synthesis in arabidopsis." Thesis, Washington State University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10043101.

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<p> Plant oils are used in food, fuel, and feedstocks for many consumer products, and so understanding the process by which they are made and modified will help us to make plant oils more healthy, useful, and sustainable. While some of the genes encoding the ER-localized enzymatic steps to triacylglycerol (TAG) have been well understood and documented, several are still in need of study. The glycerol-3-phosphate acyl transferase (GPAT) enzymatic activity is the first step in the pathway to TAG, and it acylates glycerol 3-phosphate to produce lysophosphatidic acid. <i>GPAT9</i> (AT5G60620) is c

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Vousden, William Alexander. "Mutational analysis of the ACV synthetase gene of Aspergillus nidulans." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366097.

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Campeau, Eric. "Molecular genetics of biotin-dependent enzymes : mutation analysis, expression and biochemical studies." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0019/NQ55308.pdf.

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Murphy, Tracey L. "Developing a novel biocatalyst : N-acetylamino acid racemase." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32832.

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Surinya, Katharina Helen. "Heme biosynthesis in erythroid cells : transcriptional egulation of the human 5=aminolevulinate synthase 2 gene /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs961.pdf.

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Cheung, Kwok-ho Alvin, and 張國豪. "Genetic and pharmacological approaches to study the role of the polyolpathway enzymes in diabetic and ischemic retinopathy." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39558617.

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Healy, Helen Moira. "Studies on the regulation of the human hepatic 5-aminolevulinate synthase gene /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1990. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phh4325.pdf.

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Braidotti, Giovanna. "Studies of the promoter region of the rat housekeeping 5-aminolevulinate synthase gene /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb814.pdf.

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Morona, Judy Kay. "Characterisation of the capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis loci of streptococcus pneumoniae serogroup 19 /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm8678.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Enzymes Synthesis Genetic aspects"

1

Biology and criminology: The biosocial synthesis. Routledge, 2009.

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2

Sandager, Line. Genes and enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of triacylglycerol in plants and yeast. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2001.

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Todorov, I. N. Mechanisms of cell stability: Subcellular and molecular aspects. Nova Science Publishers, 1994.

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4

(Detlef), Bartsch D., and Nationales Forschungsprogramm NFP 59, eds. Synthesis and overview studies to evaluate existing research and knowledge on biological issues on GM plants of relevance to Swiss environments: National Research Programme NRP 59 "Benefits and Risks of the Deliberate Release of Genetically Modified Plants" : review of international literature. VDF, Hochschulverlag AG an der ETH Zürich, 2012.

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5

Kobayashi, M., F. H. Arnold, L. Elling, et al. New Enzymes for Organic Synthesis: Screening, Supply and Engineering (Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology). Springer, 1997.

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6

Enzyme-mediated resistance to antibiotics: Mechanisms, dissemination, and prospects for inhibition. ASM Press, 2007.

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7

(Editor), Robert A. Bonomo, and Marcelo E. Tolmasky (Editor), eds. Enzyme-Mediated Resistance to Antibiotics: Mechanisms, Dissemination, and Prospects for Inhibition. ASM Press, 2007.

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8

Leigh, R. John, and David S. Zee. The Neurology of Eye Movements. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199969289.001.0001.

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This new edition comprises a modern synthesis of the anatomical, physiological, and pharmacological substrate for eye movements, including current views on the reflexive and voluntary control of gaze. This synthesis is based on electrophysiological and inactivation studies in macaque, and behavioural studies in humans that incorporate functional imaging and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in normals, and clinicopathological studies in patients with neurological, visual, or vestibular disorders. Sophisticated experimental paradigms have been applied to both species to explore aspects of

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West-Eberhard, Mary Jane. Developmental Plasticity and Evolution. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195122343.001.0001.

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The first comprehensive synthesis on development and evolution: it applies to all aspects of development, at all levels of organization and in all organisms, taking advantage of modern findings on behavior, genetics, endocrinology, molecular biology, evolutionary theory and phylogenetics to show the connections between developmental mechanisms and evolutionary change. This book solves key problems that have impeded a definitive synthesis in the past. It uses new concepts and specific examples to show how to relate environmentally sensitive development to the genetic theory of adaptive evolutio

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Book chapters on the topic "Enzymes Synthesis Genetic aspects"

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Crouzet, J., F. Blanche, B. Cameron, D. Thibaut, and L. Debussche. "Biochemical and Genetic Studies on Vitamin B12 Synthesis in Pseudomonas dentrificans." In Chemical Aspects of Enzyme Biotechnology. Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9637-7_23.

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Roth, John R., Charlotte Grabau, and Thomas G. Doak. "Genetic Approaches to the Synthesis and Physiological Significance of B12 in Salmonella typhimurium." In Chemical Aspects of Enzyme Biotechnology. Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9637-7_24.

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Toone, Eric J., Yoshihiro Kobori, David C. Myles, et al. "Enzymes as Catalysts in Carbohydrate Synthesis." In Chemical Aspects of Enzyme Biotechnology. Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9637-7_15.

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Henry, S., D. Hoshizaki, A. Bailis, M. Homann, and G. Carman. "Genetic Regulation of Phospholipid Synthesis in Yeast." In Enzymes of Lipid Metabolism II. Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5212-9_76.

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Shimizu, Sakayu, and Hideaki Yamada. "Stereoselective Synthesis of Biologically and Pharmacologically Important Chemicals with Microbial Enzymes." In Chemical Aspects of Enzyme Biotechnology. Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9637-7_13.

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Flowers, T. J., and D. Dalmond. "Protein synthesis in halophytes: The influence of potassium, sodium and magnesium in vitro." In Genetic Aspects of Plant Mineral Nutrition. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1650-3_25.

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Memon, Abdul Razaque, and Anthony D. M. Glass. "Genotypic differences in subcellular compartmentation of K+: Implications for protein synthesis, growth and yield." In Genetic Aspects of Plant Mineral Nutrition. Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3581-5_30.

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Watanabe, Minro. "Genetic Polymorphisms of Cytochromes P450 1A1 and 2E1 and of Glutathione S-Transferase Ml and Cancer Susceptibility in the Human." In Molecular and Applied Aspects of Oxidative Drug Metabolizing Enzymes. Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4855-3_9.

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Berenbaum, Sheri A. "Cognitive and Behavioral Aspects of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia." In Cognitive and Behavioral Abnormalities of Pediatric Diseases. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195342680.003.0014.

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Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a family of genetic disorders involving enzyme defects in the synthesis of cortisol in the adrenal gland (for reviews and additional information, see Grumbach, Hughes, and Conte 2003; Merke and Bornstein 2005; Speiser 2001). The most common defect is in 21-hydroxylase (21-OH), which accounts for 90% of cases of CAH and results in physical signs of androgen excess. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is heterogeneous, with the phenotype usually classified as nonclassic (NC), a mild, often late-onset form, or classic, a severe form. Classic CAH consists of the salt-wasting (SW) and simple-virilizing (SV) forms, which reflect degree of aldosterone deficiency (mineralocorticoid disturbance), with a SW:SV ratio of approximately 2:1. It is likely that the three forms of CAH (NC, SV, SW) reflect an underlying continuum. Individuals with classic CAH due to 21-OH deficiency are unable to produce enough cortisol to suppress the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). This results in an accumulation of cortisol precursors, leading to increased production of androgen from the adrenal gland beginning early in gestation and continuing until the disorder is diagnosed and treated with cortisol replacement, usually in the newborn period. Classic CAH is usually detected through newborn screening in the United States and in some other countries (Therrell 2001). Untreated classic CAH causes rapid growth (and ultimately short stature), precocious puberty, and physical virilization. Aldosterone deficiency can cause hypoglycemia, and potentially life-threatening episodes of hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. The defects in CAH also have consequences for behavior and cognition, as will be discussed throughout this chapter. Individuals with nonclassic CAH due to 21-OH deficiency do not have the significant cortisol deficiency characteristic of classic CAH. Nevertheless, they do have increased androgen, usually beginning in childhood or in adulthood. The excess androgen is associated with an increased likelihood of early puberty, infertility, and in women, hirsutism, menstrual irregularities, and polycystic ovaries. Classic CAH is one of the most common inborn errors of metabolism and the most common cause of ambiguous genitalia. Data from newborn screening show the incidence to be approximately 1 in 15,000 live births with some variations across countries and ethnic groups (Therrell 2001).

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Malik, Javid A., and Monika Bhadauria. "Polyhydroxyalkanoates." In Handbook of Research on Environmental and Human Health Impacts of Plastic Pollution. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9452-9.ch018.

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Human dependence on number of chemicals or chemical derivatives has increased alarmingly. Among the commodity chemicals, plastics are becoming independent for our modern lifestyle, as the usage of plastics is increasing worryingly. However, these synthetic plastics are extremely persistent in nature and accumulate in the environment, thereby leading to serious ecological problems. So, to build our economy sustainably, a need of replacement is necessary. Biomaterials in terms of bioplastics are an anticipated option, being synthesized and catabolized by different organisms with myriad biotechnological applications. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are among such biodegradable bioplastics, which are considered as an effective alternative for conventional plastics due to their similar mechanical properties of plastics. A range of microbes under different nutrient and environmental conditions produce PHAs significantly with the help of enzymes. PHA synthases encoded by phaC genes are the key enzymes that polymerize PHA monomers. Four major classes of PHA synthases can be distinguished based on their primary structures, as well as the number of subunits and substrate specificity. PHAs can also be produced from renewable feedstock under, unlike the petrochemically derived plastics that are produced by fractional distillation of depleting fossil fuels. Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is the simplest yet best known polyester of PHAs, as the PHB derived bioplastics are heat tolerant, thus used to make heat tolerant and clear packaging film. They have several medical applications such as drug delivery, suture, scaffold and heart valves, tissue engineering, targeted drug delivery, and agricultural fields. Genetic modification (GM) may be necessary to achieve adequate yields. The selections of suitable bacterial strains, inexpensive carbon sources, efficient fermentation, and recovery processes are also some aspects important aspects taken into consideration for the commercialization of PHA. PHA producers have been reported to reside at various ecological niches with few among them also produce some byproducts like extracellular polymeric substances, rhamnolipids and biohydrogen gas. So, the metabolic engineering thereafter promises to bring a feasible solution for the production of “green plastic” in order to preserve petroleum reserves and diminish the escalating human and animal health concerns environmental implications.

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Conference papers on the topic "Enzymes Synthesis Genetic aspects"

1

Lu, Kerr-Jia, and Sridhar Kota. "Synthesis of Shape Morphing Compliant Mechanisms Using Load Path Representation." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41813.

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Synthesis of shape morphing compliant mechanism is inherently different from typical single output problems, due to the multiple output points along the morphing boundary. Two synthesis approaches, using a fixed initial discretization mesh and using a load path representation, have been developed previously to simultaneously address the topology, size, and geometry aspects of a compliant mechanism. Due to insufficient diversity in later generations, pre-matured convergence to sub-optimal solution is observed in the load path approach. In this paper, additional genetic operation strategies are

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Xie, Shuiwei, and Warren F. Smith. "Towards a Hybrid Solver: Integration of a Genetic Algorithm Within “DSIDES”." In ASME 2002 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2002/cie-34400.

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In contributing to the body of knowledge for decision-based design, the work reported in this paper has involved steps towards building a hybrid genetic algorithm to address systems design. Highlighted is a work in progress at the Australian Defence Force Academy (ADFA). A genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to deal with discrete aspects of a design model (e.g., allocation of space to function) and a sequential linear programming (SLP) method for the continuous aspects (e.g., sizing). Our historical Decision Based Design (DBD) tool has been the code DSIDES (Decision Support In the Design of Eng

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Goldenberg, Vlad, John M. Gorman, Terrence Simon, and Ephraim M. Sparrow. "A Numerical Approach to Centrifugal Compressor Stage Flow Path Design Synthesis and Optimization." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-15290.

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Abstract This paper proposes geometry parameterization of a complete single centrifugal compressor stage and applies CFD-driven optimization using artificial neural networks and a Kriging surrogate model. Kinematic velocity triangle analysis is used to arrive at an initial design, which is then improved by using automated optimization algorithms and fundamental flow physics using CFD simulation. By allowing the design to evolve, guided by CFD, new and untested optimum designs are possible. This work deals specifically with design and optimization of the flow path. Design for structural aspects

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