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Journal articles on the topic 'EODs'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Phojanakong, Pam, Emily Brown Weida, Gabriella Grimaldi, Félice Lê-Scherban, and Mariana Chilton. "Experiences of Racial and Ethnic Discrimination Are Associated with Food Insecurity and Poor Health." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 22 (2019): 4369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224369.

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This study examines the associations of mothers’ experiences of discrimination (EODs) with household food insecurity (HFI), physical health, and depressive symptoms, while taking into account the influence of mothers’ Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and public assistance participation. Mothers (N = 1372) of young children under age 4 who self-identified as Latinx, Non-Latinx Black/African American and Non-Latinx white answered questions for a cross-sectional survey in an emergency room in a large children’s hospital in Philadelphia between 2016 and 2018. Logistic regression was used to mo

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Crawford, J. D., and X. Huang. "Communication signals and sound production mechanisms of mormyrid electric fish." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 10 (1999): 1417–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.10.1417.

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The African weakly electric fishes Pollimyrus isidori and Pollimyrus adspersus (Mormyridae) produce elaborate acoustic displays during social communication in addition to their electric organ discharges (EODs). In this paper, we provide new data on the EODs of these sound-producing mormyrids and on the mechanisms they use to generate species-typical sounds. Although it is known that the EODs are usually species-specific and sexually dimorphic, the EODs of closely related sound-producing mormyrids have not previously been compared. The data presented demonstrate that there is a clear sexual dim

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Schuster, Stefan. "Behavioral evidence for post-pause reduced responsiveness in the electrosensory system ofGymnotus carapo." Journal of Experimental Biology 205, no. 16 (2002): 2525–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.205.16.2525.

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SUMMARYGymnotiform weakly electric fish find their way in the dark using a continuously operating active sensory system. An electric organ generates a continuous train of discharges (electric organ discharges, EODs), and tuberous high-frequency electroreceptors monitor the pattern of transcutaneous current flow associated with each EOD. Here, I report that a prior interruption to the continuous train of EODs dramatically affects a response shown by many pulse-type gymnotids. In this so-called novelty response, fish normally raise their electrosensory sampling rate in response to novel sensory

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Angelo, Isabel, Gaspard Duchene, Karl Stapelfeldt, et al. "Demographics of Protoplanetary Disks: A Simulated Population of Edge-on Systems." Astrophysical Journal 945, no. 2 (2023): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acbb01.

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Abstract The structure of protoplanetary disks plays an essential role in planet formation. A disk that is highly inclined, or “edge-on,” is of particular interest since its geometry provides a unique opportunity to study the disk’s vertical structure and radial extent. Candidate edge-on protoplanetary disks are typically identified via their unique spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and subsequently confirmed through high-resolution imaging. However, this selection process is likely biased toward the largest, most-massive disks, and the resulting sample may not accurately represent the unde

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Boyle, Kelly S., Orphal Colleye, and Eric Parmentier. "Sound production to electric discharge: sonic muscle evolution in progress in Synodontis spp. catfishes (Mochokidae)." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1791 (2014): 20141197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1197.

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Elucidating the origins of complex biological structures has been one of the major challenges of evolutionary studies. Within vertebrates, the capacity to produce regular coordinated electric organ discharges (EODs) has evolved independently in different fish lineages. Intermediate stages, however, are not known. We show that, within a single catfish genus, some species are able to produce sounds, electric discharges or both signals (though not simultaneously). We highlight that both acoustic and electric communication result from actions of the same muscle. In parallel to their abilities, the

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Schmid, Daniela, and Leo Bernd Kramer. "Sexual selection by female choice prevents speciation reversal in a hybridizing trio of mormyrid fish in southern Africa: evidence from playback experiments of electric organ discharges." Behaviour 151, no. 12-13 (2014): 1703–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003214.

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We studied the question of whether or not female choice among variant forms of species-specific male advertising signals, electric organ discharges (EODs), is a factor in preventing panmixy in a parapatric sibling complex of three species of mormyrid fish, inhabiting three parallel rivers in southern Africa. The three species’ EODs are characteristically differentiated in waveform. The Upper Zambezi River is inhabited by Pollimyrus marianne Kramer, van der Bank, Flint, Sauer-Gürth & Wink, 2003, the Okavango River by P. castelnaui (Boulenger, 1911), and the smaller Kwando River in their mid

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Arnegard, Matthew E., and Bruce A. Carlson. "Electric organ discharge patterns during group hunting by a mormyrid fish." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 272, no. 1570 (2005): 1305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.3101.

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Weakly electric fish emit and receive low-voltage electric organ discharges (EODs) for electrolocation and communication. Since the discovery of the electric sense, their behaviours in the wild have remained elusive owing to their nocturnal habits and the inaccessible environments in which they live. The transparency of Lake Malawi provided the first opportunity to simultaneously observe freely behaving mormyrid fish and record their EODs. We observed a piscivorous mormyrid, Mormyrops anguilloides , hunting in small groups in Lake Malawi while feeding on rock-frequenting cichlids of the larges

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Worm, Martin, Tim Landgraf, Julia Prume, Hai Nguyen, Frank Kirschbaum, and Gerhard von der Emde. "Evidence for mutual allocation of social attention through interactive signaling in a mormyrid weakly electric fish." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 26 (2018): 6852–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1801283115.

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Mormyrid weakly electric fish produce electric organ discharges (EODs) for active electrolocation and electrocommunication. These pulses are emitted with variable interdischarge intervals (IDIs) resulting in temporal discharge patterns and interactive signaling episodes with nearby conspecifics. However, unequivocal assignment of interactive signaling to a specific behavioral context has proven to be challenging. Using an ethorobotical approach, we confronted single individuals of weakly electricMormyrus rume proboscirostriswith a mobile fish robot capable of interacting both physically, on ar

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Horká, Petra, Josefina Mavrogeni, Veronika Langová, et al. "Effects of Clozapine, Haloperidol, and the NMDA Antagonist Ketamine on Novel Object Recognition in Gnathonemus petersii: A New Possible Model for Schizophrenia Research." Fishes 10, no. 5 (2025): 229. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes10050229.

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In animal models, ketamine, a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, induces schizophrenia-like symptoms, such as positive and negative symptoms, as well as cognitive deficits. In the present study, we evaluated the behavioral responses and the number of EODs (electric organ discharges) of the weakly electric fish Gnathonemus petersii using the novel object recognition task (NORT). We aimed to investigate whether pharmacological modulation of the glutamatergic system would impair cognitive functions by administering the NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine, and whether these impa

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Horka, Petra, Josefina Mavrogeni, Veronika Langova, et al. "Effects of Clozapine, Haloperidol, and the NMDA Antagonist Ketamine on Novel Object Recognition in Gnathonemus petersii: A New Possible Model for Schizophrenia Research." Fishes 10, no. 5 (2025): 229. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes10050229.

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In animal models, ketamine, a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, induces schizophrenia-like symptoms, such as positive and negative symptoms, as well as cognitive deficits. In the present study, we evaluated the behavioral responses and the number of EODs (electric organ discharges) of the weakly electric fish Gnathonemus petersii using the novel object recognition task (NORT). We aimed to investigate whether pharmacological modulation of the glutamatergic system would impair cognitive functions by administering the NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine, and whether

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KRAMER, BERND. "Jamming Avoidance in the Electric Fish Eigenmannia: Harmonic Analysis of Sexually Dimorphic Waves." Journal of Experimental Biology 119, no. 1 (1985): 41–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.119.1.41.

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1. The present report shows an intraspecific, sexually dimorphic variation in harmonic content and waveform, as well as intensity, of the Electric Organ Discharges (EODs) in the green knife fish, Eigenmannia (Figs 2, 11). There is a close correlation between harmonic content of the EODs and waveform (as defined by the ratio of intervals between zero-crossings in the two half-waves of one EOD cycle; Fig. 3). The aim of the following experiments was to determine whether the fish are sensitive to differences in stimulus waveform or harmonic content. 2. Stimulation with electric fields of various

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Moritz, Timo. "Notes on the electric organ discharges (EODs) of four Mormyrus-species (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Nilo-Sahelo-Sudan ichthyofaunal province of Africa." Cybium 39, no. 1 (2015): 3–10. https://doi.org/10.26028/cybium/2015-391-001.

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Moritz, Timo (2015): Notes on the electric organ discharges (EODs) of four Mormyrus-species (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Nilo-Sahelo-Sudan ichthyofaunal province of Africa. Cybium 39 (1): 3-10, DOI: 10.26028/cybium/2015-391-001, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26028/cybium/2015-391-001

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Crawford, J. D. "Individual and sex specificity in the electric organ discharges of breeding mormyrid fish (Pollimyrus isidori)." Journal of Experimental Biology 164, no. 1 (1992): 79–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.164.1.79.

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I monitored the electric organ discharges (EODs) of 14 Pollimyrus isidori, (Cuvier and Valenciennes) during an artificially induced breeding season, to examine sex and individual differences in reproductive fish. EODs were repeatedly recorded over an 11-day period to ascertain the stability of each individual's EOD and to make a quantitative assessment of sex differences. Within days, I found the individual's EOD to be constant from one EOD to the next. Over the 11-day sampling period, individuals were also quite stable and exhibited only slight changes in EOD duration and relative amplitude o

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Qiang, Xiao Dan, Feng Fu, Dan Jun Wang, and Li Guo. "Investigation of Photocatalytic Oxidative-Extraction Desulfurization of Simulation Gasoline." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 750–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.750.

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Photocatalytic Oxidative-Extraction Desulfurization (Photo-cat-EODS) of thiophene, the main sulfur-containing compound of catalytic cracking (FCC) gasoline, has been investigated in heterogeneous photocatalysis process using WO3/ZnO composite as photocatalyst and air was used as the oxidant. Extraction process was also employ followed by the photocatalytic oxidative process to remove the oxidative products using acetonitrile as the extractant. Furthermore, orthogonal experiments method was used to optimize the processing parameters.

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Xu-Friedman, M. A., and C. D. Hopkins. "Central mechanisms of temporal analysis in the knollenorgan pathway of mormyrid electric fish." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 10 (1999): 1311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.10.1311.

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Mormyrid electric fish communicate using pulse-type electric organ discharges (EODs). The fine temporal structure of the waveforms of EODs varies widely throughout the 200 or more species of mormyrids. These signals carry information about the species, the sex and even the individual identity of the signaller. Behavioral experiments have shown that some species of fish are capable of using this information. Of the four known types of electroreceptors in mormyrid fish, the knollenorgan electroreceptor is the one most likely to be involved in the detection of conspecific EOD signals. Here, we re

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Postner, M., and B. Kramer. "Electrosensory thresholds in larvae of the weakly electric fish Pollimyrus isidori (Mormyridae, Teleostei) during ontogeny." Journal of Experimental Biology 198, no. 3 (1995): 783–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.198.3.783.

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Electrosensory thresholds and tuning were determined from behavioural studies in larvae of Pollimyrus isidori using the stop response of their electric organ discharge to weak electrical stimuli. Two age groups were studied: (1) 10- to 15-day-old larvae in which the electric organ discharge (EOD), produced by a distinct larval electric organ, had just stabilized; (2) 54- to 60-day-old larvae, just before the advent of the adult EOD (an adult electric organ functionally replaces that of the larva between about 60 and 80 days). Three stimulus pulse waveforms were used: (1) single-cycle, bipolar

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Nan, Ji, Yupei Zhang, Zhi Huang, Long Chen, and Bong‐Geum Lee. "21‐2: Modulus Spectroscopy and Capacitance‐Voltage Measurement of OLEDs as Tools for Estimating Charge Dynamics." SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 55, no. 1 (2024): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sdtp.17504.

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In the past few decades, the injection and transporting characteristics of charge carriers in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been analyzed using hole‐only and electron‐only devices (HODs and EODs). However, such methods cannot fully explain the dynamic characteristics of OLEDs such as charge accumulation and recombination. In this study, we well‐established the combination of modulus spectroscopy and capacitance‐voltage measurement and applied it to describe the carrier dynamics in OLED devices.

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18

Magar, Vanesa, Markus S. Gross, George Probert, Dominic E. Reeve, and Yuzhi Cai. "STATISTICAL PREDICTION OF COASTAL AND ESTUARINE EVOLUTION." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (2012): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.sediment.124.

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This paper presents a novel data-driven methodology based on empirical orthogonal teleconnections (EOTs) to analyse and forecast the evolution of coastal navigational channels near the mouth of the Exe estuary, UK. This is the first time EOTs are used in coastal morphodynamics. Therefore, particular emphasis is placed on the comparison of EOTs with the well established empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) method. EOTs and EOFs are used with a series of 14 surveys, taken approximately every 8 months, covering the period between January 2001 and February 2010. The skill of the methods in produc

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Maldonado-Ocampo, Javier A., Carlos David de Santana, and William G. R. Crampton. "On Apteronotus magdalenensis (Miles, 1945) (Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae): a poorly known species endemic to the río Magdalena basin, Colombia." Neotropical Ichthyology 9, no. 3 (2011): 505–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252011000300005.

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Based on the examination of the two available paratypes and recently collected material, we present new data and information on the electric knifefish Apteronotus magdalenensis, a species endemic to the río Magdalena-Cauca basin in Colombia. Since Miles' description in 1945, this species was not collected until recent field work at the Torrents of Honda and additional localities. We present data on the external morphology, morphometrics, pigmentation and electric organ discharges (EODs), of A. magdalenensis. We also review its distribution, ecology and conservation status.

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Opálka, Lukáš, Andrej Kováčik, Petra Pullmannová, Jaroslav Maixner, and Kateřina Vávrová. "Effects of omega-O-acylceramide structures and concentrations in healthy and diseased skin barrier lipid membrane models." Journal of Lipid Research 61, no. 2 (2019): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1194/jlr.ra119000420.

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Ceramides (Cers) with ultralong (∼32-carbon) chains and ω-esterified linoleic acid, composing a subclass called omega-O-acylceramides (acylCers), are indispensable components of the skin barrier. Normal barriers typically contain acylCer concentrations of ∼10 mol%; diminished concentrations, along with altered or missing long periodicity lamellar phase (LPP), and increased permeability accompany an array of skin disorders, including atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and ichthyoses. We developed model membranes to investigate the effects of the acylCer structure and concentration on skin lipid orga

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KRAMER, L. BERND, PHOLOSHI A. MAAKE, and OFER GON. "Electric organ discharges of South African Marcusenius species (Teleostei: Mormyridae) and their effectiveness as indicators of local species diversity." Zootaxa 4200, no. 3 (2016): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4200.3.2.

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Recent morphological and genetic studies have revealed two new species of snoutfish in South Africa, Marcusenius caudisquamatus and M. krameri, which had been confused with M. pongolensis, the South African bulldog fish. All known mormyriform fish are nocturnal and emit electric organ discharges (EODs) for communication that are characteristic for their species. This paper examines whether or not the EODs of these three closely-related South African species can be differentiated from each other. An EOD pulse of a bulldog fish consists of a head-positive phase P, followed by a head-negative pha

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Benabou, Reina, and Cheryl Waters. "Hepatotoxic profile of catechol-O-methyltranferase inhibitors in Parkinson?s disease." Expert Opinion on Drug Safety 2, no. 3 (2003): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/eods.2.3.263.21375.

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Herndon, Christopher M., Donna AK Kalauokalani, Amy J. Cunningham, Kenneth C. Jackson, and Edwin D. Dunteman. "Anticipating and treating opioid-associated adverse effects." Expert Opinion on Drug Safety 2, no. 3 (2003): 305–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/eods.2.3.305.21378.

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Fleischmann, Roy. "Safety and efficacy of disease modifying antirheumatic agents in rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis." Expert Opinion on Drug Safety 2, no. 4 (2003): 347–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/eods.2.4.347.21415.

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Hassaballa, Hesham A., and Robert A. Balk. "Torsade de pointes associated with the administration of intravenous haloperidol: a review of the literature and practical guidelines for use." Expert Opinion on Drug Safety 2, no. 6 (2003): 543–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/eods.2.6.543.21824.

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null. "Strategies for reliable and effective ADME. Advice on a cost?effective strategy for Pharma and Biotech." Expert Opinion on Drug Safety 3, no. 2 (2004): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/eods.3.2.85.27341.

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von der Emde, G. "Active electrolocation of objects in weakly electric fish." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 10 (1999): 1205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.10.1205.

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Weakly electric fish produce electric signals (electric organ discharges, EODs) with a specialised electric organ creating an electric field around their body. Objects within this field alter the EOD-induced current at epidermal electroreceptor organs, which are distributed over almost the entire body surface. The detection, localisation and analysis of objects performed by monitoring self-produced electric signals is called active electrolocation. Electric fish employ active electrolocation to detect objects that are less than 12 cm away and have electric properties that are different from th

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Wells, Jonathan K., and William G. R. Crampton. "A portable bio-amplifier for electric fish research: design and construction." Neotropical Ichthyology 4, no. 2 (2006): 295–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252006000200018.

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The weak electric organ discharges (EODs) of gymnotiform knife fishes can be readily amplified with a wideband amplifier connected to submerged electrodes. The output from such an amplifier can then be monitored with audio speakers or digitized for subsequent analysis. Commercially available devices are expensive and usually require mains electrical power. Here we provide design notes and instructions for the construction and calibration of a cheap, portable, battery-powered, AC-coupled wideband bio-amplifier. This device was designed to allow electric fishes to be located in the field, and al

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Ferreira, Alexandra P., Cristina Almeida-Aguiar, Susana P. G. Costa, and Isabel C. Neves. "Essential Oils Encapsulated in Zeolite Structures as Delivery Systems (EODS): An Overview." Molecules 27, no. 23 (2022): 8525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27238525.

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Essential oils (EO) obtained from plants have proven industrial applications in the manufacturing of perfumes and cosmetics, in the production and flavoring of foods and beverages, as therapeutic agents in aromatherapy, and as the active principles or excipients of medicines and pharmaceutics due to their olfactory, physical-chemical, and biological characteristics. On behalf of the new paradigm of a more natural and sustainable lifestyle, EO are rather appealing due to their physical, chemical, and physiological actions in human beings. However, EO are unstable and susceptible to degradation

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El Brahimi, Rajae, Azeddin El Barnossi, Abdelfattah El Moussaoui, et al. "Phytochemistry and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Satureja calamintha Nepeta." Separations 10, no. 6 (2023): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations10060344.

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Satureja calamintha nepeta (S. calamintha) has a history of successful use in the treatment of bacterial and fungal diseases. The present study was designed to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oils extracted from wild S. calamintha (EOSS) and domesticated S. calamintha (EOSD) for comparison purposes. Hydrodistillation was used to extract the essential oils (EOs), while GC/MS was used for chemical analysis. Antioxidant activity was studied using DPPH and FRAP assays. Antifungal activity was performed against Candida albicans, Aspergi

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Bastian, Joseph, Stephanie Schniederjan, and Jerry Nguyenkim. "Arginine Vasotocin Modulates a Sexually Dimorphic Communication Behavior in the Weakly Electric fish APTERONOTUS LEPTORHYNCHUS." Journal of Experimental Biology 204, no. 11 (2001): 1909–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.204.11.1909.

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SUMMARY South American weakly electric fish produce a variety of electric organ discharge (EOD) amplitude and frequency modulations including chirps or rapid increases in EOD frequency that function as agonistic and courtship and mating displays. In Apteronotus leptorhynchus, chirps are readily evoked by the presence of the EOD of a conspecific or a sinusoidal signal designed to mimic another EOD, and we found that the frequency difference between the discharge of a given animal and that of an EOD mimic is important in determining which of two categories of chirp an animal will produce. Type-I

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KRAMER, BERND, and BRUNHILDE OTTO. "Waveform Discrimination in the Electric Fish Eigenmannia: Sensitivity for the Phase Differences Between the Spectral Components of a Stimulus Wave." Journal of Experimental Biology 159, no. 1 (1991): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.159.1.1.

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Eigenmannia lineata is a tropical South American gymnotiform fish that is both electrogenic and electroreceptive. Its electric organ generates a constant-frequency wave discharge (EOD) that is sexually dimorphic in waveform and harmonic content. Eigenmannia discriminates digitally synthesized, natural male and female EOD waveforms of identical frequency and amplitude. Experiments were devised to investigate behaviourally the sensory mechanism of this discrimination. Both the content in higher harmonics (as seen in an amplitude spectrum) and the waveform (phase spectrum) could provide the cues

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Heredia-Quito, María Angélica, and Cecilia Ivonne Narváez-Zurita. "La importancia de la evaluación del desempeño del talento humano en las organizaciones de salud." Revista Arbitrada Interdisciplinaria Koinonía 6, no. 12 (2021): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.35381/r.k.v6i12.1288.

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El Capital humano es la columna vertebral del sistema de salud, su desarrollo implica procesos transversales y continuos de capacitación y actualización para fortalecer sus competencias en la gestión y atención integral. El objetivo es aplicar los procesos administrativos que la ley y las normativas del MDT faculta a las EODs, siendo necesario llevar a cabo una planificación actualizada del TTHH, seguida del levantamiento FAO de todos los funcionarios y por último solicitar a través del órgano regular la creación de partidas para la reubicación del personal. Se aplica una investigación descrip

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Chichibu, Shiko, and Atsushi Chiba. "1910 Interval fluctuation in the stationary phase of eods in elephant-nose fish." Neuroscience Research Supplements 18 (January 1993): S214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-8696(05)81281-2.

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Grishin, Nikolai V. "Деятельность международных организаций по подготовке и обучению электоральных экспертов". Вопросы элитологии 2, № 2 (2021): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.46539/elit.v2i2.63.

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В статье рассматривается становление и современное состояние деятельности международных организаций в сфере повышения квалификации и обучения электоральных экспертов. В статье впервые раскрывается исследовательская проблема изучения вклада международного сообщества в подготовку кадров для публичного управления в сфере выборов. Эмпирическими источниками исследования стали данные о работе таких международных акторов, как Учебный и научно-исследовательский институт ООН (UNITAR), ЕС, Организация американских государств, Совет Европы, Международный институт демократии и содействия выборам, Ев

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van Uden, I. W. M., A. G. W. van Norden, K. F. de Laat, et al. "Depressive Symptoms and Amygdala Volume in Elderly with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: The RUN DMC Study." Journal of Aging Research 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/647869.

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Introduction. Late onset depressive symptoms (LODSs) frequently occur in elderly with cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). SVD cannot fully explain LODS; a contributing factor could be amygdala volume. We investigated the relation between amygdala volume and LODS, independent of SVD in 503 participants with symptomatic cerebral SVD.Methods. Patients underwent FLAIR and T1 scanning. Depressive symptoms were assessed with structured questionnaires; amygdala and WML were manually segmented. The relation between amygdala volume and LODS/EODS was investigated and adjusted for age, sex, intracranial

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Assad, C., B. Rasnow, and P. K. Stoddard. "Electric organ discharges and electric images during electrolocation." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 10 (1999): 1185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.10.1185.

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Weakly electric fish use active electrolocation - the generation and detection of electric currents - to explore their surroundings. Although electrosensory systems include some of the most extensively understood circuits in the vertebrate central nervous system, relatively little is known quantitatively about how fish electrolocate objects. We believe a prerequisite to understanding electrolocation and its underlying neural substrates is to quantify and visualize the peripheral electrosensory information measured by the electroreceptors. We have therefore focused on reconstructing both the el

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von der Emde, G., and C. C. Bell. "Responses of cells in the mormyrid electrosensory lobe to EODs with distorted waveforms: implications for capacitance detection." Journal of Comparative Physiology A 175, no. 1 (1994): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00217439.

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Jane, Chetan, and Vinay S. Navale. "An In-Memory Data-Cube Aware Distributed Data Discovery Across Clouds for Remote Sensing Big Data." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 7 (2023): 2249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.55108.

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Abstract: The recent proliferation of high-resolution Earth observation data, along with the advent of open-data initiatives, has led to the availability of petabyte-scale Earth observation datasets accessible for free. However, this abundance of big data presents significant challenges for regional to global spatio-temporal analysis. The traditional approach of "downloadpreprocess-store-analyze" introduces excessive data downloading overhead and computational barriers, hindering efficient analysis. The Earth observation data cube (EODC) paradigm offers a solution by revolutionizing the storag

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Navale, Vinay S., Chetan Jane, Anvita B, Kalyan B, and Satvik A. "Link Prediction on N-ary Relational Data Based on Relatedness Evaluation." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 8 (2023): 1597–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.55413.

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Abstract: The recent proliferation of high-resolution Earth observation data, along with the advent of open-data initiatives, has led to the availability of petabyte-scale Earth observation datasets accessible for free. However, this abundance of big data presents significant challenges for regional to global spatio-temporal analysis. The traditional approach of "downloadpreprocess-store-analyze" introduces excessive data downloading overhead and computational barriers, hindering efficient analysis. The Earth observation data cube (EODC) paradigm offers a solution by revolutionizing the storag

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Giuliani, Gregory, Joan Masó, Paolo Mazzetti, Stefano Nativi, and Alaitz Zabala. "Paving the Way to Increased Interoperability of Earth Observations Data Cubes." Data 4, no. 3 (2019): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data4030113.

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Earth observations data cubes (EODCs) are a paradigm transforming the way users interact with large spatio-temporal Earth observation (EO) data. It enhances connections between data, applications and users facilitating management, access and use of analysis ready data (ARD). The ambition is allowing users to harness big EO data at a minimum cost and effort. This significant interest is illustrated by various implementations that exist. The novelty of the approach results in different innovative solutions and the lack of commonly agreed definition of EODC. Consequently, their interoperability h

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Zakon, H., L. Mcanelly, G. T. Smith, et al. "Plasticity of the electric organ discharge: implications for the regulation of ionic currents." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 10 (1999): 1409–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.10.1409.

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Weakly electric fish emit electric organ discharges (EODs) to locate objects around themselves and for communication. The EOD is generated by a simple hierarchically organized, neurophysiologically accessible circuit, the electromotor system. A number of forms of plasticity of the EOD waveform are initiated by social or environmental factors and mediated by hormones or neurotransmitters. Because the behavior itself is in the form of electric discharges, behavioral observations easily lead to testable hypotheses about the biophysical bases of these plasticities. This allows us to study ionic ch

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Ravi, Theaveraj, Asiah Nusaibah Masri, and Izni Mariah Ibrahim. "Choline-based Deep Eutectic Solvent for Extractive Oxidative Desulfurization of Model Oil." E3S Web of Conferences 488 (2024): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202448803004.

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One of the hardest processes encountered by petroleum refining is sulfur elimination from fuel oil. There are many traditional methods executed but they caused drawbacks such as poor selectivity of sulfur compounds and toxic raw materials. Extractive oxidative desulfurization (EODS) caught the interest of researchers due to high selectivity of sulfur compounds and great desulfurization. Currently, researchers are investigating the use of ionic liquids (ILs) as green extractant, unfortunately they are expensive. This research is proposing and comparing the use of cheap biodegradable solvents ca

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BELBENOIT, PIERRE. "Fine Analysis of Predatory and Defensive Motor Events in Torpedo Marmorata (Pisces)." Journal of Experimental Biology 121, no. 1 (1986): 197–226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.121.1.197.

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1. Predation and defence of Torpedo marmorata, elicited with biological and inanimate stimuli, were studied in experimental conditions. 2. Patterns of responses of neonates and adults are described, and chains of separate, coordinated motor acts are defined. 3. Jumping predation, creeping predation, defence of the disc and defence of the tail are distinguished. Each predatory behaviour consists of stimulus reaction chains, whereas defensive types of behaviour involve single stimulus reactions. 4. During jumping behaviour, tail strokes provoked by the initial response in the chain are displayed

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Comas, Virginia, and Michel Borde. "Neural Substrate of an Increase in Sensory Sampling Triggered by a Motor Command in a Gymnotid Fish." Journal of Neurophysiology 104, no. 4 (2010): 2147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00076.2010.

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Despite recent advances that have elucidated the effects of collateral of motor commands on sensory processing structures, the neural mechanisms underlying the modulation of active sensory systems by internal motor-derived signals remains poorly understood. This study deals with the neural basis of the modulation of the motor component of an active sensory system triggered by a central motor command in a gymnotid fish. In Gymnotus omarorum, activation of Mauthner cells, a pair of reticulospinal neurons responsible for the initiation of escape responses in most teleosts, evokes an abrupt and pr

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Markham, Michael R., Leonard K. Kaczmarek, and Harold H. Zakon. "A sodium-activated potassium channel supports high-frequency firing and reduces energetic costs during rapid modulations of action potential amplitude." Journal of Neurophysiology 109, no. 7 (2013): 1713–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00875.2012.

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We investigated the ionic mechanisms that allow dynamic regulation of action potential (AP) amplitude as a means of regulating energetic costs of AP signaling. Weakly electric fish generate an electric organ discharge (EOD) by summing the APs of their electric organ cells (electrocytes). Some electric fish increase AP amplitude during active periods or social interactions and decrease AP amplitude when inactive, regulated by melanocortin peptide hormones. This modulates signal amplitude and conserves energy. The gymnotiform Eigenmannia virescens generates EODs at frequencies that can exceed 50

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Schuster, S. "Count and spark? The echo response of the weakly electric fish Gnathonemus petersii to series of pulses." Journal of Experimental Biology 204, no. 8 (2001): 1401–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.204.8.1401.

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Weakly electric fish of the pulse type electrolocate objects in the dark by emitting discrete electric organ discharges (EODs) separated by intervals of silence. Two neighbouring pulse-type fish often reduce the risk of discharging simultaneously by means of an ‘echo response’: one fish will respond to a neighbour's EOD with a discharge of its own following at a fixed short latency so that its EOD will occur long before the next EOD of its neighbour. Although working elegantly for two partners, this simple strategy should fail in larger groups because two fish could discharge in response to th

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Kramer, B. "Waveform discrimination, phase sensitivity and jamming avoidance in a wave-type electric fish." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 10 (1999): 1387–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.10.1387.

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The electric organ discharge (EOD) of most species of the freshwater knifefishes (Gymnotiformes) of South America is of the wave, not the pulse, type. Wave EODs are usually of constant frequency and amplitude, and show a bewildering multitude of species-characteristic waveforms. The EOD of Eigenmannia is sexually dimorphic in waveform and in the intensity of its higher harmonics. In a go/no go paradigm, trained food-rewarded fish discriminated between these waveforms, and naive (untrained) fish showed a significant preference. To determine whether spectral or waveform (time) cues are used by t

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Sullivan, John P., Carl D. Hopkins, Stacy Pirro, et al. "Mitogenome recovered from a 19th Century holotype by shotgun sequencing supplies a generic name for an orphaned clade of African weakly electric fishes (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae)." ZooKeys 1129 (November 16, 2022): 163–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1129.90287.

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Heteromormyrus Steindachner, 1866, a genus of Mormyridae (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha), has been monotypic since the description of Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus (Steindacher, 1866) from a single specimen. No type locality other than “Angola” was given and almost no specimens have been subsequently identified to this species. In order to investigate the relationship of this taxon to fresh specimens collected in Angola and elsewhere, whole genome paired-end sequencing of DNA extracted from the holotype specimen of Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus was performed and a nearly complete mitogenome assem

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Sullivan, John P., Carl D. Hopkins, Stacy Pirro, et al. "Mitogenome recovered from a 19 th Century holotype by shotgun sequencing supplies a generic name for an orphaned clade of African weakly electric fishes (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae)." ZooKeys 1129 (November 16, 2022): 163–96. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1129.90287.

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Heteromormyrus Steindachner, 1866, a genus of Mormyridae (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha), has been monotypic since the description of Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus (Steindacher, 1866) from a single specimen. No type locality other than "Angola" was given and almost no specimens have been subsequently identified to this species. In order to investigate the relationship of this taxon to fresh specimens collected in Angola and elsewhere, whole genome paired-end sequencing of DNA extracted from the holotype specimen of Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus was performed and a nearly complete mitogenome assem

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