Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Épidémies – Histoire'
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Boudehri, Nadir. "Épidémies en quête d'histoire : conséquences des épidémies dues à la rencontre coloniale sur les Palikur de Guyane française." Bordeaux 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR20960.
Full textFrom the 17th to the middle of the 20th century, the indigenous indian populations of Guyana showed a constant demographic decrease, the main cause of which appears to be the epidemics as a result of the colonial establishment. Thus, several ethnic groups and thousands of Native Americans disappeared during the dark years of colonization. Today, only 6 ethnic groups survive in this overseas french territory. The Palikur and the Kali'na, on the coast were the first to meet "the white man" and thus, to bear the brunt of epidemics. The oral tradition, although tenuous, still perpetrates the memory of this meeting. Since the 17th century however, these groups underwent deep transformations, particularly among the Palikur who definitely have abandoned shamanism for protestantism. In a historical perspective, this thesis is an attempt to understand the curious alchemy created by the Native American representations of health and sickness through the terrible impact of epidemics
Alvarez, Márquez Juan. "Société et épidémies au Rio de la Plata : Montevideo au XIXe siècle." Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030016.
Full textMontevideo leave in the nineteenth century some epidemics. Cholera and yellow fever are presents in the scene of the state and society, with a lot of importants changes. The urban systems are ready to fight infectious diseases. The society built around death and fear a lot of ideas, necessary to found a imaginaty around the epidemic phenomenon
Adamets, Sergueï. "Les Catastrophes démographiques en Russie soviétique en 1918-1923 : (crises alimentaire, épidémique et de mortalité)." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0053.
Full textThe present work is a study of a critical period in russian and soviet history : the major demographic catastrophes of the years 1918 to 1923. The aim of this research was to develop a panoramic view of the catastrophes, seen as a complex whole. With this aim in mind, the business, household and population censuses, consumer surveys and epidemiological statistics of that time are subject to an in-depth critical analysis. The epidemiological data were treated with great caution and numerous corrections were made to them. Unpublished documents, taken from ex-soviet archives, are widely used through the subjects dealt with. The thesis is based around the study of destructive determinants by dealing with the economic, food and epidemic crises which occurred during the period 1918-1923. The specific nature of the crises in these years resuylted not only from politics, but also from social and historical logics. Finally, the author has attempted to model the mortality crisis. This was done by means of a synthesis of the three crises and using a reconstruction of the perturbations in mortality by analogy with the 19th century crises and the 1933 famine, some of the strategies which the population and society have developed in order to escape death are also studied : illegal trading, rationing policy, aid to the starving and internal migration
Levasseur, Gisèle. "S'allier pour survivre : les épidémies chez les Hurons et les Iroquois entre 1634 et 1700." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20978.
Full textPaillette, Céline. "La diplomatie des épidémies : la France au miroir de la Grande-Bretagne des années 1870 aux années 1920." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2024. https://ecm.univ-paris1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/97697727-b335-4f81-afc5-69ac206da896.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the history of epidemic diplomacy, Franco-British relations and globalization, from the 1870s to the 1920s. It considers all the scales, places and spaces of epidemic diplomacy, understood as all the international negotiations and arrangements undertaken to control epidemics and contribute to international health security. At the core of our subject are plague and cholera, defined by French international hygiene as “imported” diseases. These diseases were the subject of international sanitary regulations, aiming to protect public health and safeguard the interests of maritime trade. In these times of globalization, the Franco-British consensus was in favor of a liberal international sanitary regime. Tensions rose as a result of the stakes involved in collective surveillance, fostered by France, in strategic areas of British imperial power, such as the Suez Canal, through a series of international sanitary organizations, the Alexandria, Constantinople, Tangiers and Teheran councils. French diplomacy, which still had major assets in the 1870s and developed innovative diplomatic processes, making Paris the headquarters of the Office International d'Hygiène Publique in 1907, eventually lost the upper hand to a liberal sanitary regime transformed by AngloAmerican relations in the 1920s. From Paris to London, from Hong Kong to Rio de Janeiro, from Glasgow to Marseilles, in the heart of chancelleries and consular residences, our observation posts take us through the different layers of this diplomatic and Franco-British history, from the salons of capital cities to inspection missions in lazarets, ports and liners, to epidemic control hotspots on maritime health borders, in politically sensitive regions such as Egypt and the Persian Gulf, and on the ordinary margins of risk management. The thesis identifies institutional structures and gives flesh to this history by uncovering key categories of stakeholders - the French corps of medical officers in the Levant, for example. Diplomats, consuls, physicians, administrators, scientists and bacteriologists practiced this diplomacy of epidemics, working in the field to manage risk and disaster. Finally, the thesis provides a history of the normative, spatial and material productions of this diplomacy, through the analysis of objects and technical devices crucial to the control of epidemics
Simard, Isabelle. "Histoire des épidémies de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette, Choristoneura fumiferana, dans l'Archipel-de-Mingan par analyses macrofossiles et dendrochronologiques." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ48317.pdf.
Full textDuperron, Christian. "Le choléra à Québec en 1832 : entre contagion et infection." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18147.
Full textCarre, Christine. "La peste à Londres en 1665." Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA060114.
Full textBas, Jérôme. "Contester la fatalité du handicap : mobilisations de personnes handicapées et institution d’une catégorie d’action publique (XXe siècle – France)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080098.
Full textThis doctoral thesis studies the unification of the category “disability” in France during the twentieth century. By unification, I mean the aggregation of various social groups under the term “disabled” accompanied by the development of institutions and practices increasingly specialized in the support of the disabled. This process also came about through the growth in the representation and knowledge on disabled persons as well as their increasing pres-ence in the public sphere. Based on archives, newspapers and other published material, audiovisual documents and personal interviews with key historical figures, this doctoral thesis analyses the numerous participants engaged in the representation of disabled peo-ple, establishes their position in this social field and identifies the issues at stake within it : establishing a definition of the category “disabled persons” and recommending what needs to be done, or not done, for the well-being of this segment of the population. The thesis brings into light the structural role of the activism lead by disabled students, who through-out the different stages of this field’s history have been suitably placed to subvert the domi-nant social order. The thesis also highlights the central role of epidemics such as tuberculo-sis and poliomyelitis in the empowerment of these people and examines the ways in which the social sciences contributed to distinguishing disabilities from illnesses. This thesis takes into account the transformation of the medical field and political arena when analyzing the constitution of the “disabled” category. Thus, this work develops a historical and political sociology of a social group which, while increasingly considered by the social sciences, has rarely been studied through a relational and process-oriented approach. In other words, analyzed as a field structured through by a power dynamics
Chabot, Line. "Le Conseil d'hygiène de la Province de Québec et la lutte contre la variole au Québec : l'épidémie de 1901-1902 et le cas du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28568.
Full textAlves, Duarte Da Silva Matheus. "Quand la peste connectait le monde : production et circulation de savoirs microbiologiques entre Brésil, Inde et France (1894-1922)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0094.
Full textBetween 1899 and 1900, the bubonic plague bacillus was identified for the first time in Brazil, in the economic heart of the country: São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. To fight the scourge, the public authorities created two laboratories responsible to produce both anti-plague sera and vaccines, Butantan and Manguinhos, and implemented a series of hygienic measures, including vaccinations and the destruction of rats. This health policy gradually produces its effects and by 1917 the disease had left these two regions of the country. In 1922, the year of the first centenary of Brazilian independence, scholars turned this episode into the start of a national scientific tradition, initiating then an interpretation that would be later taken up by certain historians.Using sources conserved in institutional, diplomatic and governmental archives in Brazil,France, Italy and Great Britain, the thesis offers another reading of this event. It first shows the dialogue established between actors based in Brazil and the microbiological knowledge developed before 1900 both in Bombay, then the center of the plague pandemic, and in Paris, home of the Pasteur Institute. It then examines how these actors and others, present in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, engaged, between 1900 and 1914, in major international debates on the treatment and prophylaxis of the disease. In this regard, the thesis follows the trajectory of anti-plague sera sent from Butantan to Bombay; the mobilization of statistics about the use of Manguinhos anti-plague serum by scientists from the Pasteur Institute; and the development of anti-plague immunization practices and health policies against rats, first in Bombay, then in the Brazilian cities affected by thescourge, and then in Paris, struck by the disease in 1920.The main conclusions of the thesis are addressed as much to the history of science in Brazil as to the history of microbiology in general. We conclude that the development and stabilization of the major achievements of microbiology serums, vaccines and the destruction of vectors as far as bubonic plague is concerned, are the direct and indirect result of the interactions between groups of scholars based in Brazil, India and France. We also concluded that some of the microbiological knowledge developed in Brazil and India circulated to France, where the scourge presented itself as a constant foreign threat, when the plague became a public health problem in 1920. We finally show that microbiology, seen often as a European science exported to the rest of the world, or as the product of national scientific traditions, has more complex, even global, trajectories
Entre 1899 e 1900, o bacilo da peste bubônica é identificado pela primeira vez no Brasil, emSão Paulo e no Rio de Janeiro, o coração econômico do país. Para combater a doença, os poderespúblicos criam dois laboratórios voltados para a produção de soros e vacinas antipestosos e colocam em prática uma série de medidas de higiene pública, como vacinações e caça aos ratos. Essa política sanitária produz progressivamente seus resultados e por volta de 1917 a peste desaparece dessas duas regiões do país. En 1922, ano do primeiro centenário da independência brasileira, determinados cientistas fazem desse episódio o início de uma tradição científica nacional, iniciando assim uma leitura que será mobilizada em seguida por alguns historiadores.A partir de fontes conservadas em arquivos intitucionais, diplomáticos e governamentais noBrasil, na França, na Itália e no Reino-Unido, a presente tese propõe uma outra leitura desse evento.Em primeiro lugar, ela mostra o diálogo estabelecido entre atores no Brasil com alguns saberes microbiológicos desenvolvidos tanto em Bombaim, o epicentro da pandemia de peste, quanto em Paris, sede do Instituto Pasteur. A tese examina em seguida a maneira pela qual esses e outros atores, trabalhando em São Paulo e no Rio de Janeiro, se engajaram, entre 1900 e 1914, em importantes debates internacionais sobre o tratamento e a profilaxia da peste. Assim, a tese acompanha a trajetória de soros antipestosos enviados do Butantan até Bombaim; a mobilização de estatísticas sobre o uso do soro de Manguinhos realizada por alguns membros do Instituto Pasteur; e o desenvolvimento de práticas de imunização contra a peste e de políticas sanitárias contra os ratos em Bombaim, nas regiões brasileiras atingidas pela epidemia, e, finalmente, em Paris, atacada pela doença em 1920.As principais conclusões da tese se dirigem tanto à história das ciências no Brasil quanto àhistória da microbiologia em geral. Conclui-se que a criação e a estabilização das principaisinovações da microbiologia no que dizem respeito à peste bubônica - soros, vacinas e a destruição de vetores - resultam da interação direta e indireta entre alguns grupos de cientistas baseados no Brasil, na Índia e na França. A tese estabelece também que alguns saberes elaborados primeiramente no Brasil e na Índia puderam circular na França, onde a doença era uma ameaça estrangeira constante, quando a peste virou um problema de saúde concreto, em 1920. Por último, a tese sustenta que a microbiologia, vista recorrentemente como uma ciência europeia exportada ao resto do mundo, ou como o produto de tradições científicas nacionais, possui na verdade trajetórias mais complexas,talvez globais
Bergeron, Corinne. "Composition génétique de semences vaccinales H3N2 et construction d'un virus vecteur : une histoire d'encapsidation de segments chez les virus influenza de type A." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00625467.
Full textBarry, Geneviève. "Portrait d'une ville face à une épidémie : l'organisation urbaine en temps de peste : Aix-en-Provence, 1586-1587." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq25271.pdf.
Full textHunsmann, Moritz. "Dépolitisations d'une épidémie - La lutte internationale contre le sida et les politiques de santé en Tanzanie." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01055458.
Full textMontoya, Alejandro. "Población y sociedad en un real de minas de la frontera norte Novohispana : San Luis Potosí, de finales del siglo XVI a 1810." Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14829.
Full textPoirier, Valérie. ""Secourons nos enfants malades" : réponses à l'épidémie de poliomyélite à Montréal en 1946." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3936/1/M11956.pdf.
Full textCharest-Auger, Maude. "Les réactions montréalaises à l'épidémie de typhus de 1847." Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4645/1/M12336.pdf.
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