Academic literature on the topic 'Epidemiological standardisation'

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Journal articles on the topic "Epidemiological standardisation"

1

Gürtler, Volker. "Predicting genome variations between passages of Clostridium difficle by ribotypes." Microbiology Australia 36, no. 3 (2015): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma15038.

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Ribotyping is the most widely used method for differentiating strains of Clostridium difficile for epidemiological studies and infection control. Recently there have been calls for standardisation of the technique to which sophisticated technical solutions have been offered. This note offers a solution for standardisation based on conserved rrn operon Type-specific flanking genes. Furthermore, this technique can be used to detect Type-specific rrn operon deletions in passages from a single strain of C. difficile
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2

Modig, Karin, Roland Rau, and Anders Ahlbom. "Life expectancy: what does it measure?" BMJ Open 10, no. 7 (2020): e035932. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035932.

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Life expectancy (LE) is considered a straightforward summary measure of mortality that comes with an implicit age standardisation. Thus, it has become common to present differences in mortality across populations as differences in LE, instead of, say, relative risks. However, most of the time LE does not quite provide what the term promises. LE is based on a synthetic cohort and is therefore not the true LE of anyone. Also, the implicit age standardisation is construed in such a way that it can be questioned whether it standardises age at all. In this paper, we examine LE from the point of vie
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3

Chambers, Tim, Simon Hales, Nick Wilson, and Michael Baker. "Improvements to Drinking Water." Policy Quarterly 18, no. 2 (2022): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/pq.v18i2.7571.

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Taumata Arowai, the new independent water services regulator, recently consulted publicly on the drinking water rules for water suppliers. We use a case study on nitrate and official information requests to demonstrate the current weaknesses in the drinking water monitoring and reporting systems and why the reforms proposed by Taumata Arowai seem unlikely to substantively address many of these deficiencies. To ensure sufficient public health surveillance and robust epidemiological research into the potential health impacts of drinking water contaminants, Taumata Arowai should: 1) establish a n
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4

Manuguerra, J. C., P. Taylor, and R. Snacken. "European Influenza Surveillance Scheme on the Internet." Methods of Information in Medicine 37, no. 03 (1998): 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634531.

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AbstractIn 1995, The European Influenza Surveillance Scheme was created with the participation of eight networks from seven countries. The main objectives were to continue the previous CARE Telematics Network and to adapt the project to the Internet environment as well as to improve substantially the quality of the surveillance according to new epidemiological requirements. Clinical and virological data from the general population and hospitals are collected in an interactive real-time database which can then be used for data entry, queries and consultations. Research programmes have been unde
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5

Wu, Lindsey, Tom Hall, Isaac Ssewanyana, et al. "Optimisation and standardisation of a multiplex immunoassay of diverse Plasmodium falciparum antigens to assess changes in malaria transmission using sero-epidemiology." Wellcome Open Research 4 (February 8, 2019): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14950.1.

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Background: Antibody responses have been used to characterise transmission and exposure history in malaria-endemic settings for over a decade. Such studies have typically been conducted on well-standardised enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). However, recently developed quantitative suspension array technologies (qSAT) are now capable of high-throughput and multiplexed screening of up to hundreds of analytes at a time. This study presents a customised protocol for the Luminex MAGPIX© qSAT using a diverse set of malaria antigens. The aim is to develop a standardised assay for routine s
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6

Wu, Lindsey, Tom Hall, Isaac Ssewanyana, et al. "Optimisation and standardisation of a multiplex immunoassay of diverse Plasmodium falciparum antigens to assess changes in malaria transmission using sero-epidemiology." Wellcome Open Research 4 (April 23, 2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14950.2.

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Background: Antibody responses have been used to characterise transmission and exposure history in malaria-endemic settings for over a decade. Such studies have typically been conducted on well-standardised enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). However, recently developed quantitative suspension array technologies (qSAT) are now capable of high-throughput and multiplexed screening of up to hundreds of analytes at a time. This study presents a customised protocol for the Luminex MAGPIX© qSAT using a diverse set of malaria antigens. The aim is to develop a standardised assay for routine s
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7

Guseva Canu, Irina, Paul A. Schulte, Michael Riediker, Liliya Fatkhutdinova, and Enrico Bergamaschi. "Methodological, political and legal issues in the assessment of the effects of nanotechnology on human health." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 72, no. 2 (2017): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2016-208668.

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Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) raise questions among the scientific community and public health authorities about their potential risks to human health. Studying a prospective cohort of workers exposed to ENMs would be considered the gold standard for identifying potential health effects of nanotechnology and confirming the ‘no effect’ levels derived from cellular and animal models. However, because only small, cross-sectional studies have been conducted in the past 5 years, questions remain about the health risks of ENMs. This essay addresses the scientific, methodological, political and reg
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8

Nair, Manisha, Babul Bezbaruah, Amrit Krishna Bora, et al. "Maternal and perinatal Health Research Collaboration, India (MaatHRI): methodology for establishing a hospital-based research platform in a low and middle income country setting." F1000Research 9 (January 26, 2021): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24923.3.

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Background: Maternal and perinatal Health Research collaboration, India (MaatHRI) is a research platform that aims to improve evidence-based pregnancy care and outcomes for mothers and babies in India, a country with the second highest burden of maternal and perinatal deaths. The objective of this paper is to describe the methods used to establish and standardise the platform and the results of the process. Methods: MaatHRI is a hospital-based collaborative research platform. It is adapted from the UK Obstetric Surveillance System (UKOSS) and built on a pilot model (IndOSS-Assam), which has be
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9

Nair, Manisha, Babul Bezbaruah, Amrit Krishna Bora, et al. "Maternal and perinatal Health Research Collaboration, India (MaatHRI): methodology for establishing a hospital-based research platform in a low and middle income country setting." F1000Research 9 (July 7, 2020): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24923.1.

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Background: Maternal and perinatal Health Research collaboration, India (MaatHRI) is a research platform that aims to improve evidence-based pregnancy care and outcomes for mothers and babies in India, a country with the second highest burden of maternal and perinatal deaths. The objective of this paper is to describe the methods used to establish and standardise the platform and the results of the process. Methods: MaatHRI is a hospital-based collaborative research platform. It is adapted from the UK Obstetric Surveillance System (UKOSS) and built on a pilot model (IndOSS-Assam), which has be
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10

Nair, Manisha, Babul Bezbaruah, Amrit Krishna Bora, et al. "Maternal and perinatal Health Research Collaboration, India (MaatHRI): methodology for establishing a hospital-based research platform in a low and middle income country setting." F1000Research 9 (August 17, 2020): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24923.2.

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Abstract:
Background: Maternal and perinatal Health Research collaboration, India (MaatHRI) is a research platform that aims to improve evidence-based pregnancy care and outcomes for mothers and babies in India, a country with the second highest burden of maternal and perinatal deaths. The objective of this paper is to describe the methods used to establish and standardise the platform and the results of the process. Methods: MaatHRI is a hospital-based collaborative research platform. It is adapted from the UK Obstetric Surveillance System (UKOSS) and built on a pilot model (IndOSS-Assam), which has be
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