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Academic literature on the topic 'Épidémiologie quantitative'
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Journal articles on the topic "Épidémiologie quantitative"
EZANNO, Pauline, Sébastien PICAULT, Nathalie WINTER, Gaël BEAUNÉE, Hervé MONOD, and Jean-François GUÉGAN. "Intelligence artificielle et santé animale." INRAE Productions Animales 33, no. 2 (September 15, 2020): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2020.33.2.3572.
Full textLesage, Alain. "Les programmes de premier épisode de schizophrénie et une médecine fondée sur les données factuelles : un cas de syndrome des habits de l’empereur 1 ?" Santé mentale au Québec 32, no. 1 (October 12, 2007): 333–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/016524ar.
Full textSimoens, L., C. L. Charrel, and L. Plancke. "Santé mentale et conduites suicidaires des médecins généralistes." European Psychiatry 30, S2 (November 2015): S146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.293.
Full textDjilla, M., M. Konake, K. Kayentao, M. Sacko, A. Ag iknane, and D. Sissoko. "Evaluation du système de surveillance épidémiologique de la méningite dans le district sanitaire de la commune VI de Bamako de 2011 à 2013." Mali Santé Publique, June 30, 2014, 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.53318/msp.v4i01.1450.
Full textMaciel, Danilo Pereira Garcia, José Leandro Tomaz Medeiros, Mariana Freitas da Silva, Matheus Freitas da Silva, Amanda Alves Fecury, Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos Dias, Euzébio de Oliveira, Carla Viana Dendasck, Donizete Vago Daher, and Maria Helena Mendonça de Araújo. "Profil épidémiologique des accidents avec exposition à des matières biologiques survenus chez des travailleurs de l’État d’Amapá, en Amazonie, au Brésil, de 2015 à 2019." Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento, March 8, 2021, 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32749/nucleodoconhecimento.com.br/sante/exposition-a-des-matieres.
Full textSilva, Anderson Walter Costa, Arthur Arantes Cunha, Giovana Carvalho Alves, Rodolfo Antônio Corona, Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos Dias, Reza Nassiri, Silvana Vedovelli, et al. "Profil épidémiologique et déterminant social du COVID-19 à Macapá, Amapá, Amazone, Brésil." Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento, April 13, 2020, 05–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32749/nucleodoconhecimento.com.br/sante/covid-19-a-macapa.
Full textChagas, Jéssica Andréa Silva das, Talita de Oliveira Matos, Cláudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos Dias, Carla Viana Dendasck, Euzébio de Oliveira, Maria Helena Mendonça de Araújo, and Amanda Alves Fecury. "Tentatives de suicide à Macapá, Amapá, région amazonienne, Brésil, en 2018." Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento, June 5, 2020, 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32749/nucleodoconhecimento.com.br/sante/tentatives-de-suicide.
Full textOliveira, Arthur Aires de, Danilo José Silva Moreira, Jhon Allyson Sena Pimentel, Pedro Henrique de Magalhães Costa, Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos Dias, Maria Helena Mendonça de Araújo, Euzébio de Oliveira, Carla Viana Dendasck, Keulle Oliveira da Souza, and Amanda Alves Fecury. "Analyse des principaux facteurs de risque préexistants chez les patients diagnostiqués covid-19 à Amapá, Amazônia, Brésil." Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento, July 1, 2021, 56–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32749/nucleodoconhecimento.com.br/sante/risque-preexistants.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Épidémiologie quantitative"
El, Hasnaoui Abdelkader. "Le concept du gain d'information : une nouvelle approche en épidémiologie quantitative." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON1T034.
Full textLeblanc, Maridor Mily. "Campylobacter chez le porc : méthodes d’identification quantitative et dynamique d’infection." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S116.
Full textThis work aimed at providing new methods and knowledge to study the carriage of Campylobacter in conventional pig herds. Campylobacter specific real-time PCR assays developed in this study allow a direct and reliable quantification of Campylobacter spp, Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni in complex substrates like faeces or environmental samples due to the presence of an internal control of DNA extraction and PCR amplification. To study excretion in controlled condition, we inoculated three different Campylobacter strains to specific pathogen-free pigs. Our results confirmed an asymptomatic carriage and a high excretion There is a transmission between inoculated and «contact» pigs, which are Campylobacter-free at the beginning of the study and which live in the same experimental unit. The results suggest a specific interaction between the Campylobacter species and the host. Moreover, this experimental infection allowed to calibrate two molecular typing methods, namely RFLP-PFGE and flaA PCR-RFLP. Variability was evidenced only in pigs inoculated with C. Coli of porcine origin, either alone or in the mix, or in sham inoculated pigs neighbouring the latter. A discrimination threshold was established with the two methods. Finally, to describe Campylobacter infection in commercial pig herds, faecal shedding as well as contamination of pens (either empty or with animals), feed and water were monitored from birth to finishing for pigs, and during one production cycle for sows. Our study underlines the role of the sows as a Campylobacter contamination source for their piglets and the role of the environment in the transmission of Campylobacter between animals
Guillien, Alicia. "Epidémiologie et évaluation quantitative du risque de broncho-pneumopathie chronique obstructive en milieu agricole." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCE006/document.
Full textChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a severe disease that is in most cases secondary to the inhalation of noxious particles. Tobacco smoking is the main causal factor identified for this disease but some occupational exposures have also been associated with higher prevalence of COPD.The studies reported here aimed (1) to estimate the prevalence of COPD in the spectrum of agricultural works, (2) to develop a screening questionnaire appropriate to agricultural workers in order to identify subjects most likely to have COPD and (3) to study factors associated with COPD in farmers.The main findings are the following: prevalence of COPD is about twice higher in farmers than in the general population. However, this prevalence varies with study population (type of activity, region of exercise, characteristic of the farm) and the diagnostic criteria used (pre- or post-bronchodilator measure, criteria for airflow limitation, assessment of respiratory symptoms or not).It is concluded that standardization of the methodology used for epidemiologic investigations of COPD in farmers may be scheduled with (1) strong diagnostic criteria, (2) clear and robust measurement of occupational exposure and (3) inclusion of a control group of unexposed subjects
Valdano, Eugenio. "Analyse quantitative de la vulnérabilité des réseaux temporels aux maladies infectieuses." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066211/document.
Full textInfectious disease modeling represents a powerful tool for assessing the vulnerability of a population to the introduction of a new infectious pathogen. The increased availability of highly resolved data tracking host interactions is making epidemic models potentially increasingly accurate. Integrating into them all the features emerging from these data, however, still represents a challenge. In particular, the interaction between disease dynamics and the time evolution of contact structures has been shown to impact the way pathogens spread, changing the conditions that lead to the wide-spreading regime, as encoded in epidemic threshold. Up to now researchers have characterized the epidemic threshold on time evolving contact structures only in specific settings. Using a multilayer formalism, we analytically compute the epidemic threshold on a generic temporal network, accounting for several different disease features. We use this methodology to assess the impact of time resolution and network duration on the estimation of the threshold. Then, thanks to it, we assess the global vulnerability of different systems to pathogen introduction, and in particular we analyze the networks of cattle trade movements Data collection strategies often inform us only about past network configurations, and that limits our prediction capabilities. We face this by developing a data-driven methodology for predicting targeted epidemic that relies only past contact data. Our work provides new methodologies for assessing and predicting the risk associated to an emerging pathogen, both at the population scale and targeting specific hosts
Hurault-Delarue, Caroline. "Approche longitudinale et quantitative de l'exposition aux médicaments dans les études de pharmaco-épidémiologie : développement méthodologique et application aux expositions au cours de la grossesse dans la cohorte EFEMERIS." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30041.
Full textThe intensity and duration of drug exposure may contribute to the occurrence of drug adverse effects. However, these parameters are rarely simultaneously addressed in studies of risks associated to drug exposure, in particular during pregnancy. Administrative databases give the opportunity to apprehend these parameters and to reconstruct the history of patient drug exposure. The aim of this research is to develop a new method of exposure measurement in order to cluster individuals, taking into account both the intensity and the evolution of exposure. The application to pharmaco-epidemiological studies allow a quantitative approach of drug exposure and longitudinal over time defining individual trajectories of exposure. We used an unsupervised clustering method based on an implementation of K-means adapted to longitudinal data analysis to cluster individuals in homogeneous groups according to their trajectories. This "trajectory method" was applied to psychotropic drug exposure during pregnancy, using EFEMERIS database. The first phase of this application led to the identification of clusters with homogeneous profiles. During the second phase, clusters of women exposed to anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs were used as independent variables to study the effects of in utero exposure to these drugs on newborns and children. The study especially indicates a dose-response relationship between the 4 clusters and an increased risk of neonatal pathologies after an exposure to a heavy drug burden. By contrast, results concerning women punctually exposed or exposed to a light drug burden were reassuring. This application to real-clinical-data has validated this method and demonstrates the interest value of considering intensity and evolution of drug exposure over time in pharmaco-epidemiological studies. The proposed method could be adapted to other populations, classes of drugs and other types of exposure. This "trajectorial" approach of exposure opens up new prospects for future epidemiological studies
Desenfant, Philippe. "Rôle et bioécologie de Anophèles albimanus (Wiedemann, 1820), vecteur du paludisme en Haïti." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112255.
Full textThe island of Hispaniola is the only caribbean island where the spread of paludism has not been interrupted. The reasons for this persistence are multiple but primarily due to the lack of understanding of the role of the vectors in its transmission. A. Albimanus, the major vector of paludism in Central America, has been principally the object of laboratory research. Studies of the land have been undertaken over several geographical features in order to better define the biological limits of this anopheles which represents 93 % of the anopheline population in Haïti. Consequently, we undertook field prospections and examinations of larva deposits and then studied the seasonal variations of differing biological patterns. During these examinations, A. Albimanus was found several times to be the carrier of sporozoides, which confirmed its role as the vector in Haïti. We also observed the presence of a new species of anopheles for the haïtian fauna, A. Pseudopunctipennis, which is placed as the third rank of the species present at the studied site where it was found. Finally we estimate the gonotrophic cycle of the observed females of A. Albimanus to be 5, 16 days. An epidemiological study of the transmission was doneby integrating the entomological and parasitological data, based on the different results gathered on one of the studied site for a whole year. The creation of mathematical model of the human population paludism prevalence evolution, allowed then the study of parameters values difficult to observed on the field. This study which quantifies the transmission of paludism, allows also to definethe thresholds of an aquilibrium for this transmission and therefore, to cristallize the objectives in the control to reach a regression in the transmission without generating strong selective pressures on the anopheles population which have already induced development of resistance against certain insecticides massively utilized
Bernard, Miriam. "Molecular interactions between the kelp saccharina latissima and algal endophytes." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS105.
Full textEndophytic brown algae invade stipes and fronds of kelps with potential negative effects for their hosts. The molecular diversity of kelp endophytes was investigated and a majority of the isolated endophytes belonged to the genera Laminarionema and Laminariocolax. Using a qPCR approach, a high prevalence of the endophyte Laminarionema elsbetiae was detected in natural Saccharina latissima populations, but with seasonal and geographical variations. Co-cultivation experiments showed different physiological responses of the main host, S. latissima, and an occasional host, Laminaria digitata, to L. elsbetiae. A transcriptomic approach revealed important differences between the molecular responses of the two kelps, related to the recognition of the endophyte and subsequent defence reactions. These specific differences in the molecular cross-talk during the early steps of the interaction could explain the variability of natural infection patterns in kelp species
Sevrin-Jaloustre, Séverine. "Appréciation quantitative des risques pour l'évaluation de mesures de maîtrise sanitaire dans une filière agro-alimentaire. Application à Clostridium perfringens en restauration hospitalière." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00781728.
Full textJung, Matthieu. "Évolution du VIH : méthodes, modèles et algorithmes." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00842785.
Full textJourny, Neige. "Analyse de la relation entre l’exposition aux rayonnements ionisants lors d’examens de scanographie et la survenue de pathologie tumorale, au sein de la cohorte « Enfant Scanner »." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T065/document.
Full textComputed tomography (CT) is a powerful imaging technique that provides great benefits for diagnosis and medical management of patients. Nonetheless, the widespread use of this procedure raises many concerns about the potential adverse effects induced by X-rays exposure, both in clinical practice and in terms of public health. First epidemiological studies have suggested an increased risk of cancer associated with CT scan exposures in childhood or adolescence. The interpretation of these results is, however, controversial, and evidence about radiation-induced risks of cancer is still limited at this level of exposure and during childhood.In France, the "Enfant Scanner" cohort was set up by IRSN to study the incidence of cancer among more than 100,000 children who received CT scans before the age of 10 in 21 university hospitals. This study is part of the European Epi-CT project – coordinated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer – which includes nine national cohorts set up on the basis of a common protocol. The current thesis, based on the French cohort, focuses on characterizing the exposure of children receiving diagnostic CT scans and quantifying the risk of cancer associated with these exposures.Dosimetric assessment was performed from the radiological protocols used in paediatrics between 2000 and 2011 in the participating hospitals. This study presents the evolution of the exposures during the period and the variability of practices in the radiology departments. The results show that there is a leeway for optimizing the procedures and limiting the exposure of patients, especially for scans of the head that account for most of the examinations in paediatrics.From these exposure measurements, a quantitative assessment of cancer risk potentially induced by CT scans in paediatrics was performed – on the basis of estimates of risk in other contexts of ionizing radiation exposure. The results show that each CT scan could be associated with an excess risk of tumours of the central nervous system, breast cancer, thyroid cancer or leukaemia ranging from 0.01‰ to 5‰. Cancer risks may be up to 7 times higher for patients aged 1 year compared to 10 year olds. Uncertainties attached to these risk predictions were quantified by simulations.From the follow-up of cancer incidence in the cohort, the dose-response relation was studied between the risk of tumors of the central nervous system, leukaemia and lymphoma, and cumulative X-ray doses to the organs of interest from CT scans. No significant increased risk was observed. Indeed, in 2011, the duration of the follow-up, i.e. 4 years on average, was very short. The analyzes have nevertheless characterized the impact of (acquired or hereditary) immunodeficiencies and other genetic factors predisposing to cancer on the risk estimates, and highlighted the importance of considering the indication of examinations in studies on CT scans.The follow-up of the cohort should be extended to provide more robust risk estimates. Extension of this study as well as expected results from other cohorts, particularly within the Epi-CT project, would provide, in the next 5 years, significant progresses on the issue of the potential adverse effects of CT. To date, risk predictions from quantitative risk assessment are still uncertain, especially for cerebral tumours, but should help to guide the use of CT. In addition, efforts for optimizing the radiological procedures are still needed to reduce the doses delivered in paediatrics and the potential associated risks