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Journal articles on the topic 'Epidermis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Uplaonkar, Shilpa V., Mandakini Tengli, Syeda Farheen, and Pratima S. "Histopathological Study of Tumours of Epidermis and Epidermal Appendages." Indian Journal of Pathology: Research and Practice 6, no. 2 (Part-2) (2017): 460–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijprp.2278.148x.62(pt-ii)17.22.

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2

Bogdanova, I. O., and L. A. Kartseva. "Leaf epidermal structure of extant gnetales (Gnetum L.) and the Middle Jurassic bennettitales (Nilssoniopteris Nathorst and Ptilophyllum Morris)." Palaeobotany 12 (2021): 56–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/palaeobotany/2021.12.56.

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The leaf epidermis of four species of Gnetum L. and four species of the Jurassic Bennettitales (Nilssoniopteris Nathorst and Ptilophyllum Morris) were studied. In addition to the description of qualitative characters, the analysis of various quantitative characters was carried out using statistical methods. Coefficients of variation for quantitative characters of the epidermal structure in Gnetum range from 6.4 to 24.0%, in Ptilophyllum from 15.7 to 63.5%, in Nilssoniopteris from 18.0 to 39.9%. The sinuosity of tangential cell walls of the epidermal cells in the upper and lower epidermis is th

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3

DESAI, Rinku Jitendrakumar, Vinay Madhukar RAOLE, and Arun Omprakash ARYA. "Comparative Foliar Epidermal Studies in Coix lacryma-jobi L. andCoix aquatica Roxb. (Poaceae)." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 1, no. 1 (2009): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb113449.

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As micromorphological knowledge was not available for Coix aquatica Roxb., the foliar epidermal studies were carried out for Coix lacryma-jobi L. and Coix aquatica Roxb. with the aim of determining the patterns of variation in their epidermal characteristics and assessing their value in species identification. Comparative foliar analysis was carried out by using light microscopy, after following routine scraping method. The characters of diagnostic importance in the identification of C. aquatica are the sparsely distributed prickle hairs with long pointed apex in the abaxial epidermis and dumb

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4

du Cros, D. L., K. Isaacs, and G. P. Moore. "Distribution of acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors in ovine skin during follicle morphogenesis." Journal of Cell Science 105, no. 3 (1993): 667–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.105.3.667.

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Acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors (aFGF and bFGF) have been localized by immunochemistry in ovine skin during wool follicle morphogenesis. At 40 days of gestation, prior to the appearance of follicle primordia, bFGF immunoreactivity was detected in the intermediate and periderm layers of the epidermis and at the dermal-epidermal junction. Antibodies to aFGF did not bind to skin at this age. During early follicle formation, at 76 days of gestation, both FGFs were found in the epidermis and associated with the follicle primordia. Antibodies to aFGF, in particular, bound to the basal cel

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5

Lewis, Natasha Steffi, Geetika Chouhan, Vivek Belapurkar, et al. "A new tension induction paradigm unravels tissue response and the importance of E-cadherin in the developing epidermis." International Journal of Developmental Biology 64, no. 4-5-6 (2020): 343–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/ijdb.190219ms.

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The epidermis, being the outermost epithelial layer in metazoans, experiences multiple external and self-generated mechanical stimuli. The tissue-scale response to these mechanical stresses has been actively studied in the adult stratified epidermis. However, the response of the developing bi-layered epidermis to differential tension and its molecular regulation has remained poorly characterised. Here we report an oil injection based method, which in combination with atomic force microscopy (AFM), allows manipulation as well as estimation of tension in the developing epidermis. Our results sho

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Hua, Xiangmei, Maria K. Ficaro, Nicole L. Wallace та Jun Dai. "Epidermal RORα Maintains Barrier Integrity and Prevents Allergic Inflammation by Regulating Late Differentiation and Lipid Metabolism". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, № 19 (2024): 10698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910698.

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The skin epidermis provides a barrier that is imperative for preventing transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and protecting against environmental stimuli. The underlying molecular mechanisms for regulating barrier functions and sustaining its integrity remain unclear. RORα is a nuclear receptor highly expressed in the epidermis of normal skin. Clinical studies showed that the epidermal RORα expression is significantly reduced in the lesions of multiple inflammatory skin diseases. In this study, we investigate the central roles of RORα in stabilizing skin barrier function using mice with an epiderm

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7

Ogawa, Youichi, Manao Kinoshita, Shinji Shimada, and Tatsuyoshi Kawamura. "Zinc in Keratinocytes and Langerhans Cells: Relevance to the Epidermal Homeostasis." Journal of Immunology Research 2018 (December 9, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5404093.

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In the skin, the epidermis is continuously exposed to various kinds of external substances and stimuli. Therefore, epidermal barriers are crucial for providing protection, safeguarding health, and regulating water balance by maintaining skin homeostasis. Disruption of the epidermal barrier allows external substances and stimuli to invade or stimulate the epidermal cells, leading to the elicitation of skin inflammation. The major components of the epidermal barrier are the stratum corneum (SC) and tight junctions (TJs). The presence of zinc in the epidermis promotes epidermal homeostasis; hence

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8

Matsui, Takeshi. "Epidermal Barrier Development via Corneoptosis: A Unique Form of Cell Death in Stratum Granulosum Cells." Journal of Developmental Biology 11, no. 4 (2023): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jdb11040043.

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Epidermal development is responsible for the formation of the outermost layer of the skin, the epidermis. The establishment of the epidermal barrier is a critical aspect of mammalian development. Proper formation of the epidermis, which is composed of stratified squamous epithelial cells, is essential for the survival of terrestrial vertebrates because it acts as a crucial protective barrier against external threats such as pathogens, toxins, and physical trauma. In mammals, epidermal development begins from the embryonic surface ectoderm, which gives rise to the basal layer of the epidermis.

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9

Mills, Kevin J., Michael Doyle, John S. House та ін. "Conditional knockout of C/EBPβ in epidermis results in dysregulated lipid biosynthesis and a defect in skin barrier function". PLOS One 20, № 6 (2025): e0326670. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326670.

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CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-β (C/EBPβ) is a basic leucine zipper transcription factor that is abundantly expressed in epidermal keratinocytes of skin. In the present study, C/EBPβ epidermal specific conditional knockout (CKOβ) SKH1 mice were utilized to interrogate C/EBPβ’s role in lipid biosynthesis and skin barrier integrity. RNAseq data analysis and gene set enrichment analysis of RNA isolated from the epidermis of CKOβ and K5Cre control mice revealed that deletion of C/EBPβ in epidermis resulted in an enrichment of downregulated genes in gene sets associated with lipid metabolism. Furth

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10

Stoler, A., R. Kopan, M. Duvic, and E. Fuchs. "Use of monospecific antisera and cRNA probes to localize the major changes in keratin expression during normal and abnormal epidermal differentiation." Journal of Cell Biology 107, no. 2 (1988): 427–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.107.2.427.

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We report here the isolation and characterization of three antisera, each of which is specific for a single keratin from one of the three different pairs (K1/K10, K14/K5, K16/K6) that are differentially expressed in normal human epidermis and in epidermal diseases of hyperproliferation. We have used these antisera in conjunction with monospecific cRNA probes for epidermal keratin mRNAs to investigate pathways of differentiation in human epidermis and epidermal diseases in vivo and in epidermal cells cultured from normal skin and from squamous cell carcinomas in vitro. Specifically, our results

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11

Budras, K. D., R. L. Hullinger, and W. O. Sack. "Light and electron microscopy of keratinization in the laminar epidermis of the equine hoof with reference to laminitis." American Journal of Veterinary Research 50, no. 7 (1989): 1150–60. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1989.50.07.1150.

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SUMMARY The laminar epidermis (epidermis parietis) of hooves from 14 clinically normal horses, 6 months to 15 years old, was examined by light and electron microscopy and immunofluorescence to measure the contributions of this region to the formation of the hoof wall. By their progressive keratinization to form primary epidermal laminae, the secondary epidermal laminae ultimately contributed about 20% of the thickness of the hoof wall (as revealed in the white line [zona alba]). The keratinized, primary epidermal laminae were developed to a height of 4 mm during their proximodistal course, muc

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12

Dubé, Martin, and Pierre Morisset. "L'emploi des caractères épidermiques dans l'étude taxonomique du Festuca rubra lato sensu (Poaceae)." Canadian Journal of Botany 74, no. 3 (1996): 469–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b96-058.

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The leaf epidermis from a collection of 33 specimens encompassing most of the morphological variation of Festuca rubra in Eastern Canada and including two cytotypes (2n = 42 and 2n = 56) is described with 16 characters. The leaf epidermal composition differs markedly between culms and vegetative shoots. Many epidermal characters, particularly those from the vegetative shoots, are among the best ones for distinguishing between the two cytotypes. Parallel analyses using nine anatomical characters show the greater taxonomical potential of epidermis. Keywords: Festuca rubra, leaf, epidermis, anato

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13

Sabandar, Agave, A. Hiariej, and D. E. Sahertian. "Struktur Sel Epidermis Dan Stomata Aegiceras corniculatum D dan Rhizophora apiculata pada Muara Sungai Desa Poka dan Desa Leahari." Biosel: Biology Science and Education 10, no. 1 (2021): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33477/bs.v10i1.1896.

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Research has been carried out to determine the cell structure of the epidermis and stomata in some mangrove plants in the species Aegiceras corniculatum and Rhizophora apiculata. Descriptive method is used to describe the cell structure of the epidermis and stomata of Aegiceras corniculatum and Rhizophora apiculata and quantitative leaves to calculate the number of stomata, number of epidermis and stomata index based on nail polish on the cross section of epidermal cells on the lower underside of the leaf using a light microscope, while the incision longitudinal to determine leaf thickness bet

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14

Nedukha, O. "Ultrastructurе of epidermal surface in floating and submerged leaves of Trapa natans L." Modern Phytomorphology 1 (1 квітня 2012): 77–80. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.162740.

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Ultrastructure of epidermal surface of floating and submerged leaves of Trapa natans at vegetative phase was investigated. Heterophylly is character for this plant. The determine differences were established. The presence of stomata on upper epidermis and the presence of high cuticular combs along perimeter at each cell on lower epidermis were typical for floating leaves. Submerged leaves have not stomata, but cuticular combs and pore-like structures were revealed in abaxial surface. The contours of epidermal cells are indistinct because outer cell walls of epidermis are coated by solid cuticl

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15

Walker, Dan B., and David K. Bruck. "Incompetence of stem epidermal cells to dedifferentiate and graft." Canadian Journal of Botany 63, no. 12 (1985): 2129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b85-300.

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An intact mature epidermis precluded formation of approach grafts of stems of five angiospermous species. When the epidermis was excised, unsclerified cortical tissue exhibited tissue responses resulting in wound closure, including cell dedifferentiation and redifferentiation into callus tissue. Removal of the epidermis from both partners resulted in a graft union. Cortical callus tissue proliferated and coalesced to bind the partners. None of these responses associated with grafting or wound closure occurred in either epidermal or subepidermal tissue in intact partners. Whereas cortical cells

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16

Lobo, Ghislaine Maria, Thaysi Ventura de Souza, Caroline Heinig Voltolini, Ademir Reis, and Marisa Santos. "Leaf Epidermis of the RheophyteDyckia brevifoliaBaker (Bromeliaceae)." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/307593.

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Some species ofDyckiaSchult. f., includingDyckia brevifoliaBaker, are rheophytes that live in the fast-moving water currents of streams and rivers which are subject to frequent flooding, but also period of low water. This study aimed to analyze the leaf epidermis ofD. brevifoliain the context of epidermal adaptation to this aquatic plant’s rheophytic habitat. The epidermis is uniseriate, and the cuticle is thickened. The inner periclinal and anticlinal walls of the epidermal cells are thickened and lignified. Stomata are tetracytic, located in the depressions in relation to the surrounding epi

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17

Cnops, G., X. Wang, P. Linstead, M. Van Montagu, M. Van Lijsebettens, and L. Dolan. "Tornado1 and tornado2 are required for the specification of radial and circumferential pattern in the Arabidopsis root." Development 127, no. 15 (2000): 3385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.127.15.3385.

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The cell layers of the Arabidopsis primary root are arranged in a simple radial pattern. The outermost layer is the lateral root cap and lies outside the epidermis that surrounds the ground tissue. The files of epidermal and lateral root cap cells converge on a ring of initials (lateral root cap/epidermis initial) from which the epidermal and lateral root cap tissues of the seedling are derived, once root growth is initiated after germination. Each initial gives rise to a clone of epidermal cells and a clone of lateral root cap cells. These initial divisions in the epidermal/lateral root cap i

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18

Chidgey, Martyn, Cord Brakebusch, Erika Gustafsson, et al. "Mice lacking desmocollin 1 show epidermal fragility accompanied by barrier defects and abnormal differentiation." Journal of Cell Biology 155, no. 5 (2001): 821–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200105009.

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The desmosomal cadherin desmocollin (Dsc)1 is expressed in upper epidermis where strong adhesion is required. To investigate its role in vivo, we have genetically engineered mice with a targeted disruption in the Dsc1 gene. Soon after birth, null mice exhibit flaky skin and a striking punctate epidermal barrier defect. The epidermis is fragile, and acantholysis in the granular layer generates localized lesions, compromising skin barrier function. Neutrophils accumulate in the lesions and further degrade the tissue, causing sloughing (flaking) of lesional epidermis, but rapid wound healing prev

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19

Luedke, Kory P., Jiro Yoshino, Chang Yin, et al. "Dendrite intercalation between epidermal cells tunes nociceptor sensitivity to mechanical stimuli in Drosophila larvae." PLOS Genetics 20, no. 4 (2024): e1011237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011237.

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An animal’s skin provides a first point of contact with the sensory environment, including noxious cues that elicit protective behavioral responses. Nociceptive somatosensory neurons densely innervate and intimately interact with epidermal cells to receive these cues, however the mechanisms by which epidermal interactions shape processing of noxious inputs is still poorly understood. Here, we identify a role for dendrite intercalation between epidermal cells in tuning sensitivity of Drosophila larvae to noxious mechanical stimuli. In wild-type larvae, dendrites of nociceptive class IV da neuro

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20

Bin, Bum-Ho, Jinhyuk Bhin, Mikiro Takaishi, et al. "Requirement of zinc transporter ZIP10 for epidermal development: Implication of the ZIP10–p63 axis in epithelial homeostasis." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 46 (2017): 12243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1710726114.

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Skin tissues, in particular the epidermis, are severely affected by zinc deficiency. However, the zinc-mediated mechanisms that maintain the cells that form the epidermis have not been established. Here, we report that the zinc transporter ZIP10 is highly expressed in the outer root sheath of hair follicles and plays critical roles in epidermal development. We found that ZIP10 marked epidermal progenitor cell subsets and that ablating Zip10 caused significant epidermal hypoplasia accompanied by down-regulation of the transactivation of p63, a master regulator of epidermal progenitor cell proli

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21

Böckelmann, PK, BS Ochandio, and IJ Bechara. "Histological study of the dynamics in epidermis regeneration of the carp tail fin (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus, 1758)." Brazilian Journal of Biology 70, no. 1 (2010): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842010000100030.

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Teleostean fins when partially amputated suffer a regenerative process called epimorphic regeneration, characterized by the following stages: healing, based on the formation of a multistratified epidermal layer, the formation of a mass of pluripotent cells known as blastema, the differentiation of these cells, the synthesis and disposition of the extracellular matrix, morphological growth and restoration. The epidermis has a fundamental role in the regenerative process of fish fins, as the healing time of this structure leads it to a faster regenerative process and it also works as a defense a

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Verna, J. M. "In vitro analysis of interactions between sensory neurons and skin: evidence for selective innervation of dermis and epidermis." Development 86, no. 1 (1985): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.86.1.53.

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Axons from dorsal root ganglion cells cultured in a serum-free medium on poly-L-lysine or collagen substrates interact differently with dermis and epidermis. The orientation of neurite growth is not changed by encountering mesenchymal cells migrating from the outgrowth zone of a dermal explant, and neurites form close membrane associations with some dermal cells; in contrast, neurites strongly avoid epidermis and deviate around the edge of an epidermal explant. When cultures are grown on polylysine this avoidance behaviour occurs at a distance from the epidermis. It is suppressed in the presen

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Wang, H. Q., and R. C. Smart. "Overexpression of protein kinase C-alpha in the epidermis of transgenic mice results in striking alterations in phorbol ester-induced inflammation and COX-2, MIP-2 and TNF-alpha expression but not tumor promotion." Journal of Cell Science 112, no. 20 (1999): 3497–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.112.20.3497.

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Protein kinase Calpha (PKCalpha) is one of six PKC isoforms expressed in keratinocytes of mouse epidermis. To gain an understanding of the role of epidermal PKCalpha, we have localized its expression to specific cells of normal mouse skin and examined the effect of keratin 5 (K5) promoter directed expression of PKCalpha in transgenic mice. In normal mouse skin, PKCalpha was extensively expressed in the outer root sheath (ORS) keratinocytes of the anagen hair follicle and weakly expressed in keratinocytes of interfollicular epidermis. K5-targeted expression of PKCalpha to epidermal basal kerati

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Efremova, Nadia, Marie-Christine Perbal, Alexander Yephremov, Winfried A. Hofmann, Heinz Saedler, and Zsuzsanna Schwarz-Sommer. "Epidermal control of floral organ identity by class B homeotic genes in Antirrhinum and Arabidopsis." Development 128, no. 14 (2001): 2661–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.128.14.2661.

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To assess the contribution of the epidermis to the control of petal and stamen organ identity, we have used transgenic Antirrhinum and Arabidopsis plants that expressed the Antirrhinum class B homeotic transcription factors DEFICIENS (DEF) and GLOBOSA (GLO) in the epidermis. Transgene expression was controlled by the ANTIRRHINUM FIDDLEHEAD (AFI) promoter, which directs gene expression to the L1 meristematic layer and, later, to the epidermis of differentiating organs. Transgenic epidermal DEF and GLO chimeras display similar phenotypes, suggesting similar epidermal contributions by the two cla

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Sandstrom, D. J., and L. L. Restifo. "Epidermal tendon cells require Broad Complex function for correct attachment of the indirect flight muscles in Drosophila melanogaster." Journal of Cell Science 112, no. 22 (1999): 4051–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.112.22.4051.

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Drosophila Broad Complex, a primary response gene in the ecdysone cascade, encodes a family of zinc-finger transcription factors essential for metamorphosis. Broad Complex mutations of the rbp complementation group disrupt attachment of the dorsoventral indirect flight muscles during pupal development. We previously demonstrated that isoform BRC-Z1 mediates the muscle attachment function of rbp(+) and is expressed in both developing muscle fibers and their epidermal attachment sites. We now report two complementary studies to determine the cellular site and mode of action of rbp(+) during matu

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Bosher, Julia M., Bum-Soo Hahn, Renaud Legouis, et al. "The Caenorhabditis elegans vab-10 spectraplakin isoforms protect the epidermis against internal and external forces." Journal of Cell Biology 161, no. 4 (2003): 757–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200302151.

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Morphogenesis of the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo is driven by actin microfilaments in the epidermis and by sarcomeres in body wall muscles. Both tissues are mechanically coupled, most likely through specialized attachment structures called fibrous organelles (FOs) that connect muscles to the cuticle across the epidermis. Here, we report the identification of new mutations in a gene known as vab-10, which lead to severe morphogenesis defects, and show that vab-10 corresponds to the C. elegans spectraplakin locus. Our analysis of vab-10 reveals novel insights into the role of this plakin subfa

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Cai, Ti, Keigo Nishida, Toshio Hirano, and Paul A. Khavari. "Gab1 and SHP-2 promote Ras/MAPK regulation of epidermal growth and differentiation." Journal of Cell Biology 159, no. 1 (2002): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200205017.

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În epidermis, Ras can influence proliferation and differentiation; however, regulators of epidermal Ras function are not fully characterized, and Ras effects on growth and differentiation are controversial. EGF induced Ras activation in epidermal cells along with phosphorylation of the multisubstrate docking protein Gab1 and its binding to SHP-2. Expression of mutant Gab1Y627F deficient in SHP-2 binding or dominant-negative SHP-2C459S reduced basal levels of active Ras and downstream MAPK proteins and initiated differentiation. Differentiation triggered by both Gab1Y627F and SHP-2C459S could

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Nishida, H. "Localization of egg cytoplasm that promotes differentiation to epidermis in embryos of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi." Development 120, no. 2 (1994): 235–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.120.2.235.

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Embryogenesis in ascidians is of the mosaic type. This property suggests the presence of cytoplasmic factors in the egg that are responsible for specification of the developmental fates of early blastomeres. The epidermal cells that surround the entire tadpole larva originate exclusively from blastomeres of the animal hemisphere of early embryos. To obtain direct evidence for cytoplasmic determinants of epidermis fate, we carried out cytoplasmic transfer experiments by fusing blastomeres and anucleate cell fragments from various regions of eggs and embryos. Initially, presumptive non-epidermis

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Nedukha, Olena, Olena Zolotareva, and Maksym Netsvetov. "Phenotypic variability of epidermis structure and silicon inclusions in the leaves of Quercus robur in the Feofaniya Park." Plant Introduction 97-98 (April 30, 2023): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.46341/pi2023001.

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The micromorphology of the leaf epidermis, localization, and silicon content in the epidermal cells of Quercus robur leaves growing in the shade and under direct sunlight in the Feofaniya Park (Kyiv, Ukraine) were studied using scanning electron microscopy and laser confocal microscopy. Silicon inclusions were found in the anticlinal and periclinal walls of adaxial epidermal cells, trichomes, guard cells of stomata, and walls of regular epidermal cells on the abaxial leaf surface, the amount of which varied according to the conditions of growth. Natural shading and the intensity of solar irrad

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Merritt, Anita J., Mohamed Y. Berika, Wenwu Zhai, et al. "Suprabasal Desmoglein 3 Expression in the Epidermis of Transgenic Mice Results in Hyperproliferation and Abnormal Differentiation." Molecular and Cellular Biology 22, no. 16 (2002): 5846–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.22.16.5846-5858.2002.

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ABSTRACT The desmoglein 1 (Dsg1) and desmocollin 1 (Dsc1) isoforms of the desmosomal cadherins are expressed in the suprabasal layers of epidermis, whereas Dsg3 and Dsc3 are more strongly expressed basally. This differential expression may have a function in epidermal morphogenesis and/or may regulate the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes. To test this hypothesis, we changed the expression pattern by overexpressing human Dsg3 under the control of the keratin 1 (K1) promoter in the suprabasal epidermis of transgenic mice. From around 12 weeks of age, the mice exhibited flaking

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Eckert, Richard L., Gautam Adhikary, Christina A. Young, et al. "AP1 Transcription Factors in Epidermal Differentiation and Skin Cancer." Journal of Skin Cancer 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/537028.

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AP1 (jun/fos) transcription factors (c-jun, junB, junD, c-fos, FosB, Fra-1, and Fra-2) are key regulators of epidermal keratinocyte survival and differentiation and important drivers of cancer development. Understanding the role of these factors in epidermis is complicated by the fact that each protein is expressed, at different levels, in multiple cells layers in differentiating epidermis, and because AP1 transcription factors regulate competing processes (i.e., proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation). Variousin vivogenetic approaches have been used to study these proteins including ta

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DiPersio, C. M., R. van der Neut, E. Georges-Labouesse, J. A. Kreidberg, A. Sonnenberg, and R. O. Hynes. "alpha3beta1 and alpha6beta4 integrin receptors for laminin-5 are not essential for epidermal morphogenesis and homeostasis during skin development." Journal of Cell Science 113, no. 17 (2000): 3051–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.113.17.3051.

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Continuous regeneration and homeostasis of the stratified epidermis requires coordinated regulation of cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell survival. Integrin-mediated cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix has important roles in regulating each of these processes. Integrins alpha3beta1 and alpha6beta4 are both receptors on epidermal keratinocytes for the basement membrane protein laminin-5, the major ligand for epidermal adhesion in mature skin. Ablation in mice of either alpha3beta1 or alpha6beta4, through null mutation of the gene encoding the alpha3, alpha6, or beta4 integ

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Mac Neil, S., W. F. G. Tucker, R. A. Dawson, S. S. Bleehen, and S. Tomlinson. "The calmodulin content of the epidermis in psoriasis." Clinical Science 69, no. 6 (1985): 681–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0690681.

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1. The calmodulin content of epidermis was determined by assay of biologically active and radioimmunoassayable calmodulin in epidermal biopsy samples of 16 normal control subjects and 36 patients with psoriasis. 2. Calmodulin levels in the involved epidermis of patients with psoriasis were significantly greater than in epidermis of control subjects, with both methods of calmodulin measurement. Levels of calmodulin in the uninvolved epidermis were also elevated but to a lesser degree, achieving statistical significance only when measured by radioimmunoassay. However, the degree of correlation b

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Murty, Rohan, Abishek Sankaranarayanan, Isabella I. Bowland, Juan Mena-Lapaix, and Mark R. Prausnitz. "Angled Insertion of Microneedles for Targeted Antigen Delivery to the Epidermis." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 2 (2022): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14020347.

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Peanut and tree nut allergies account for most food-induced anaphylactic events. The standard allergy immunotherapy approach involves subcutaneous injection, which is challenging because severe adverse reactions can occur when antigens spread systemically. Allergen localization within the epidermis (i.e., the upper 20–100 µm of skin) should significantly reduce systemic uptake, because the epidermis is avascular. Microneedle (MN) patches provide a convenient method for drug delivery to the skin, but they generally target both epidermis and dermis, leading to systemic delivery. In this study, w

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Sidiq, Yasir, Daisuke Tamaoki, and Takumi Nishiuchi. "Proteomic Profiling of Plant and Pathogen Interaction on the Leaf Epidermis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 20 (2022): 12171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012171.

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The plant epidermis is the first line of plant defense against pathogen invasion, and likely contains important regulatory proteins related to the plant–pathogen interaction. This study aims to identify the candidates of these regulatory proteins expressed in the plant epidermis. We performed comparative proteomic studies to identify rapidly and locally expressed proteins in the leaf epidermis inoculated with fungal phytopathogen. The conidia solutions were dropped onto the Arabidopsis leaf surface, and then, we collected the epidermal tissues from inoculated and mock-treated leaves at 4 and 2

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Jouin, Claude. "The ultrastructure of a gutless annelid, Parenterodrilus gen. no v. taenioides (= Astomus taenioides) (Polychaeta, Protodrilidae)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 70, no. 9 (1992): 1833–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z92-250.

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An ultrastructural investigation of the mouthless protodrilid Parenterodrilus taenioides shows that the residual gut, with its very narrow ciliated lumen, has lost any digestive function. Salivary glands are retained in some anterior segments and their canals converge in a ventral area of the prostomium and open at the epidermal surface. The epidermal ciliation is much more developed than in any other protodrilid species. In the middle and posterior body segments the enlarged epidermal surface area is covered by a cuticle bearing an array of epidermal microvilli which are probably the site of

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Yang, Hui, Zheng Wang, Zhong Zhang, et al. "Diversity of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ Grape Epidermis and Environmental Bacteria in Wineries from Different Sub-Regions of the Eastern Foothills of Helan Mountain, Ningxia." Foods 13, no. 2 (2024): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13020252.

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Understanding the composition of the bacterial community on the epidermis of wine grapes and in winery environments, as well as the response of grape epidermal bacteria to climatic factors, plays a significant role in ensuring grape health and promoting grape conversion into wine. This study utilized high-throughput sequencing to explore the composition of the bacterial community on the wine grape epidermis and representative wineries of three sub-regions of the Eastern Foothills of Helan Mountain, Ningxia. The results showed that the bacterial diversity and richness in the Yongning (YN) sub-r

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Zhao, Qiuxia, Rekha Rangan, Shinuo Weng, Cem Özdemir, and Elif Sarinay Cenik. "Inhibition of ribosome biogenesis in the epidermis is sufficient to trigger organism-wide growth quiescence independently of nutritional status in C. elegans." PLOS Biology 21, no. 8 (2023): e3002276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002276.

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Interorgan communication is crucial for multicellular organismal growth, development, and homeostasis. Cell nonautonomous inhibitory cues, which limit tissue-specific growth alterations, are not well characterized due to cell ablation approach limitations. In this study, we employed the auxin-inducible degradation system in C. elegans to temporally and spatially modulate ribosome biogenesis, through depletion of essential factors (RPOA-2, GRWD-1, or TSR-2). Our findings reveal that embryo-wide inhibition of ribosome biogenesis induces a reversible early larval growth quiescence, distinguished

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Nedukha, Olena. "Structural-functional signs of Typha angustifolia leaves plasticity depending on the growth conditions." Plant Introduction 105-106 (February 16, 2025): 3–14. https://doi.org/10.46341/pi2024013.

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The results of the study of leaf anatomy and leaf epidermal ultrastructure of the heliophytic plant Typha angustifolia L. (Typhaceae), which grew in natural conditions: in the water on the bank of the Venetian Strait of the Dnipro River (Kyiv) and on land near the Strait, using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy are presented. The common and distinctive features of the anatomical signs and the ultrastructure of epidermal cells of T. angustifolia leaves in the phase of vegetative growth of plants were revealed. The anatomical and morphological characteristics of leaves of two eco

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Maksymowych, Roman, Norman Dollahon, Louise P. Di Cola, and Joseph A. J. Orkwiszewski. "Chloroplasts in tissues of some herbaceous stems." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 62, no. 3-4 (2014): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1993.017.

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Serial sections of mature stems of ten species of herbaceous dicotyledonous plants were examined by light microscopy and the number of chloroplasts per cell was estimated in epidermis, collenchyma and cortex. Chloroplast identification was made by both light and transmission electron microscopy. Chloroplasts were present in epidermis, collenchyma and cortex tissues of all stems examined. The smallest number of chloroplasts was observed in the epidermis. Collenchyma cells had the largest number of plastids in four of the genera and cortex cells had the largest number in the remaining six genera

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Soffer, Arad, Adnan Mahly, Krishnanand Padmanabhan, et al. "Apoptosis and tissue thinning contribute to symmetric cell division in the developing mouse epidermis in a nonautonomous way." PLOS Biology 20, no. 8 (2022): e3001756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001756.

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Mitotic spindle orientation (SO) is a conserved mechanism that governs cell fate and tissue morphogenesis. In the developing epidermis, a balance between self-renewing symmetric divisions and differentiative asymmetric divisions is necessary for normal development. While the cellular machinery that executes SO is well characterized, the extrinsic cues that guide it are poorly understood. Here, we identified the basal cell adhesion molecule (BCAM), a β1 integrin coreceptor, as a novel regulator of epidermal morphogenesis. In utero RNAi-mediated depletion of Bcam in the mouse embryo did not hind

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Connor, M. J., and M. H. Smit. "Terminal-group oxidation of retinol by mouse epidermis. Inhibition in vitro and in vivo." Biochemical Journal 244, no. 2 (1987): 489–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2440489.

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Locally applied retinol is metabolized to retinoic acid in mouse epidermis in vivo. To characterize the oxidation system we investigated the ability of soluble extracts of hairless-mouse epidermis to convert retinol and retinal into retinoic acid. The extracts oxidized retinol to retinoic acid in two steps catalysed by two NAD+-dependent enzymes that were resolved on h.p.l.c. The first enzyme catalyses the reversible oxidation of retinol to retinal and is an alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme. The second enzyme oxidizes retinal to retinoic acid. Retinol oxidation by epidermal extracts was inhibit

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Steele, K. E., K. Stabler, and L. VanderZanden. "Cutaneous DNA Vaccination Against Ebola Virus by Particle Bombardment: Histopathology and Alteration of CD3-positive Dendritic Epidermal Cells." Veterinary Pathology 38, no. 2 (2001): 203–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1354/vp.38-2-203.

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We analyzed the localization of gold particles, expression of immunogenic protein, and histopathologic changes after vaccinating guinea pigs and mice with a DNA vaccine to the Ebola virus glycoprotein administered by cutaneous particle bombardment. Gold particles were deposited in all layers of the epidermis and in the dermis. Those in the epidermis were lost as the damaged layers sloughed, while those in the dermis were phagocytized by macrophages. Glycoprotein was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry primarily in keratinocytes in the epidermis and hair follicle epithelium and less frequently

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Fisher, Chris, and Edward J. Kollar. "Abnormal skin development in pupoid foetus (pf/pf) mutant mice." Development 87, no. 1 (1985): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.87.1.47.

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At 13 days of development the epidermis of mice homozygous for the pupoid foetus (pf/pf) mutation varies in thickness between one and ten cell layers. By 16 days of development cells from the dermis have invaded the epidermis and may be found throughout the epidermis and on its surface. Among these cells are nerve fibres and Schwann cells as well as other unidentified cells. Antibodies directed against fibronectin bind to these abnormal groups of cells in the mutant epidermis and on its surface. A basal lamina, as determined by ultrastructure and by the immuno-fluorescent localization of lamin

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Bodó, Enikő, Benedikt Kany, Erzsébet Gáspár, et al. "Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, a Novel, Locally Produced Modulator of Human Epidermal Functions, Is Regulated by Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone and Thyroid Hormones." Endocrinology 151, no. 4 (2010): 1633–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2009-0306.

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Several elements of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis (HPT) reportedly are transcribed by human skin cell populations, and human hair follicles express functional receptors for TSH. Therefore, we asked whether the epidermis of normal human skin is yet another extrathyroidal target of TSH and whether epidermis even produces TSH. If so, we wanted to clarify whether intraepidermal TSH expression is regulated by TRH and/or thyroid hormones and whether TSH alters selected functions of normal human epidermis in situ. TSH and TSH receptor (TSH-R) expression were analyzed in the epidermis of nor

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Yenmiş, Melodi, and Dinçer Ayaz. "The Story of the Finest Armor: Developmental Aspects of Reptile Skin." Journal of Developmental Biology 11, no. 1 (2023): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jdb11010005.

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The reptile skin is a barrier against water loss and pathogens and an armor for mechanical damages. The integument of reptiles consists of two main layers: the epidermis and the dermis. The epidermis, the hard cover of the body which has an armor-like role, varies among extant reptiles in terms of structural aspects such as thickness, hardness or the kinds of appendages it constitutes. The reptile epithelial cells of the epidermis (keratinocytes) are composed of two main proteins: intermediate filament keratins (IFKs) and corneous beta proteins (CBPs). The outer horny layer of the epidermis, s

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Nedukha, Olena, Olena Zolotareva, and Maksym Netsvetov. "Phenotypic variability of epidermis structure and silicon inclusions in the leaves of Quercus robur in the Feofaniya Park." Plant Introduction 97-98 (April 30, 2023): 18–32. https://doi.org/10.46341/PI2023001.

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The micromorphology of the leaf epidermis, localization, and silicon content in the epidermal cells of <em>Quercus robur</em> leaves growing in the shade and under direct sunlight in the Feofaniya Park (Kyiv, Ukraine) were studied using scanning electron microscopy and laser confocal microscopy. Silicon inclusions were found in the anticlinal and periclinal walls of adaxial epidermal cells, trichomes, guard cells of stomata, and walls of regular epidermal cells on the abaxial leaf surface, the amount of which varied according to the conditions of growth. Natural shading and the intensity of so

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Foster, C. A., H. Yokozeki, K. Rappersberger, et al. "Human epidermal T cells predominantly belong to the lineage expressing alpha/beta T cell receptor." Journal of Experimental Medicine 171, no. 4 (1990): 997–1013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.171.4.997.

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The epidermis of clinically normal-appearing human skin harbors a phenotypically heterogeneous population of T lymphocytes (TCs), the majority of which are CD2+/CD3+/CD5+ "memory" cells, but in an unactivated state, and express the TCR-alpha/beta. In contrast to murine skin, only a very minor subpopulation of CD3+ cells in the human epidermis bears the TCR-gamma/delta. Epidermal TCs primarily are distributed along the rete ridges in the basal keratinocyte layer and are often in close apposition to Langerhans cells (LCs). These TCs were propagated from epidermal cell suspensions after stimulati

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Liu, Lingxi, Mei Ju, Yu Hu, Chao Luan, Jiaan Zhang, and Kun Chen. "Genome-wide DNA methylation and transcription analysis in psoriatic epidermis." Epigenomics 15, no. 4 (2023): 209–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/epi-2022-0458.

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Aim: To identify DNA methylation and transcription biomarkers in the psoriatic epidermis. Materials & methods: Gene transcription and DNA methylation datasets of psoriatic epidermal tissue were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Machine learning algorithm analysis and weighted gene coexpression network analysis were carried out to screen hub genes. Results: Differentially methylated and expressed genes were identified in the psoriatic epidermis. Six hub genes were selected – GZMB, CRIP1, S100A12, ISG15, CRABP2 and VNN1 – whose transcript levels showed a significant correlation with

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Hisham majeed shlash. "Acomparative Anatomical Study of the Species Aster subulatus and Aster tripolium (Asteraceae) inTikrit- Iraq." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 21, no. 4 (2023): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v21i4.1049.

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The two species Aster subulatus and Aster tripolium have been studied in the present study. It involves an anatomical study of epidermis of the leaf, the anatomical characters of diameters, and the numbers of epidermal cell stomata and Indumentum are found to be considerable in taxonomic value which separated and diagnostic both species. The abesence of the hairs on both sides upper and lower epidermis of the leaf have been showed. Also there are many differences in average of stomata numbers on both epidermis surfaces in both studied species. So the characters Also queditatie such as the shap

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