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Journal articles on the topic 'Epididyms'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Fitriani, Fitriani, Husmimi Husmimi, and Muslim Akmal. "Aplikasi Metode Emersi Fiksatif Berbeda terhadap Morfologi Histologi Testis dan Epididimis Kambing Lokal(Capra sp.)." Jurnal Agripet 18, no. 1 (2018): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v18i1.8848.

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ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat morfologi histologi testis dan epididymis kambing lokal(Capra sp.) dengan umur 1-1,5 tahun. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen laboratorik dengan menggunakan 6 testis dan 6 epididimis yang diambil secara acak dan masing-masing di fiksasi dalam fiksatif formalin dan neutral buffered formaline (NBF) 10% dengan waktu fiksasi 15 hari. Pembuatan dan pengamatan jaringan testis dan epididimis dilakukan di laboratorium histologi FKH Unsyiah. Pengamatan mikroskopis secara kualitatif yang diamati pada 10 tubulus testis dan epididimis. Hasil pen

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2

Mbala, L., N. Ilunga, and K. Kadinekene. "A 3-Year-Old Boy with Tuberculous Epididymo-Orchitis." Tropical Doctor 27, no. 1 (1997): 50–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947559702700120.

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The authors report the case of a 3-year-old child with tuberculous epididymo-orchitis. The only presenting symptom was testicular, epididymis and scrotal swelling and pain. Diagnosis was reached after histopathological examination of epididymis and testis tissues. The response to antitubercular drugs given with prednisolone was rapid. This case emphasizes the importance of considering tuberculosis in differential diagnosis of testicular and epididymal enlargement in young children in an endemic area despite the absence of systemic, pulmonary and urinary manifestations.

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3

Gur, FM, S. Timurkaan, and N. Timurkaan. "The effects of prepubertal epididymal ligation upon androgen receptor distribution in the rat caput epididymis." Veterinární Medicína 56, No. 6 (2011): 286–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1545-vetmed.

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the androgen receptor (AR) distribution in epididymal cells of developing rats and the effects of prepubertal epididymal obstruction upon AR distribution in the rat caput epididymis. At 15 days of age, the young rats were divided at random into groups for epididymal ligation or sham operation. In the ligation group the corpus epididymides were ligated bilaterally; in the sham group only laparatomy was performed. Both groups were sacrificed at 21, 56, 90, 120 days. The epididymes were removed, fixed in Bouin's fixative and embedded in paraffin wax

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Abdel-Maksoud, Fatma M., Manal T. Hussein, and Abdelraheim Attaai. "Seasonal Variation of the Intraepithelial Gland in Camel Epididymis with Special Reference to Autophagosome." Microscopy and Microanalysis 25, no. 4 (2019): 1052–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927619014557.

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AbstractThe key role of the epididymis is contributing to sperm storage, maturation, and survival. The epididymis of camel has a unique structure called the intraepithelial gland. The present work aimed to investigate the structure of the epididymal intraepithelial gland with special references to the seasonal variation. The samples were collected from the distal part of the corpus epididymes of completely healthy mature camels (Camelus dromedarius) in the breeding and nonbreeding seasons. Tomato lectin-positive material had been demonstrated within the epididymal spermatozoa. Here, we provide

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5

Matson, P. L., P. A. Eden, S. D. Vitali, C. A. Lawrence, and H. M. Robertson. "222. Sperm morphology within the testis and cauda epididymis of a Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii)." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 17, no. 9 (2005): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb05abs222.

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A male Tasmanian devil, aged 6.5 years, was euthanased with intravenous pentobarbitone overdose due to the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. The testes and cauda epididymes were removed immediately after euthanasia and placed into TALP-HEPES medium containing 3% BSA and dissected. Smears of the isolated sperm were made, air-dried and stained using Diff-Quik. Sperm were classified using a modification of a system originally applied to the brush-tailed possum1 as follows: (a) Immature I – head is perpendicular or greater than 45° to the tail.(b) Immature II – head forms an acute angle of 45°

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6

Dacheux, Jean-Louis, Francoise Dacheux, Valerie Labas, Heath Ecroyd, Brett Nixon, and Russell C. Jones. "New proteins identified in epididymal fluid from the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus)." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 21, no. 8 (2009): 1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd09091.

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The platypus epididymal proteome is being studied because epididymal proteins are essential for male fertility in mammals and it is considered that knowledge of the epididymal proteome in an early mammal would be informative in assessing the convergence and divergence of proteins that are important in the function of the mammalian epididymis. Few of the epididymal proteins that have been identified in eutherian mammals were found in platypus caudal epididymal fluid, and the major epididymal proteins in the platypus (PXN-FBPL, SPARC and E-OR20) have never been identified in the epididymis of an

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7

Ramos-Ibeas, P., E. Pericuesta, R. Fernández-González, M. A. Ramírez, and A. Gutierrez-Adan. "Most regions of mouse epididymis are able to phagocytose immature germ cells." REPRODUCTION 146, no. 5 (2013): 481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-13-0145.

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The role of the epididymis as a quality control organ in preventing infertile gametes entering the ejaculate has been extensively explored, and it has been suggested that a specific region of mammalian epididymis is able to phagocytose abnormal germ cells. This study examines whether the epithelium of certain zones of the mouse epididymis can act as a selection barrier by removing immature germ cells from the lumen by phagocytosis. To detect the presence of immature germ cells in the epididymis, we generated transgenic mice expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein under the deleted in azo

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8

Ezer, Nadine, and Bernard Robaire. "Gene Expression Is Differentially Regulated in the Epididymis after Orchidectomy." Endocrinology 144, no. 3 (2003): 975–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2002-220705.

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The epididymis is the site for the transport, maturation, and storage of spermatozoa. Regulation of epididymal structure and function is highly dependent on the ipsilateral testis. At the molecular level, however, few studies have been undertaken to determine which genes are expressed in the epididymis under testicular regulation. The goal of this study was to identify genes for which expression is regulated after orchidectomy, both throughout the epididymis and in a segment-specific manner. Microarrays spotted with 474 rat cDNAs were used to examine gene expression changes over the first 7 d

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9

Świder-Al-Amawi, Małgorzata, Agnieszka Kolasa, Andrzej Sikorski, Mariola Marchlewicz, Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka, and Barbara Wiszniewska. "The Immunoexpression of FSH-R in the Ductuli Efferentes and the Epididymis of Men and Rat: Effect of FSH on the Morphology and Steroidogenic Activity of Rat Epididymal Epithelial Cells In Vitro." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2010 (2010): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/506762.

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The Sertoli cells were regarded as the only target for FSH in male reproductive system. The expression of FSH receptor (FSH-R) was detected also in epithelial cells of the caput epididymis of rat and monkey. We showed in the immunohistochemistry study the expression of FSH-R in rat and human ductuli efferentes and the caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis, moreover, by Western blot analysis in the caput and cauda epididymis of rat. Additionally, we presented that the morphology of rat epididymal epithelial cells in vitro was affected by FSH, and FSH stimulation resulted in the increase of 17β-es

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10

Ramos-Ibeas, P., E. Pericuesta, R. Fernandez-Gonzalez, M. A. Ramirez, and A. Gutierrez-Adan. "250 ALL REGIONS OF THE MOUSE EPIDIDYMIS ARE ABLE TO PHAGOCYTIZE IMMATURE SPERMATOGENIC CELLS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 25, no. 1 (2013): 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv25n1ab250.

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Successful mammalian fertilization requires gametes with an intact structure and functionality. Although it is well known that epididymal functions are sperm maturation, sustenance, transport, and storage, there is controversial information about its role in sperm quality control, and it has been suggested that some regions of the rat epididymis are able to phagocytize germ cells. Our objective was to analyse whether different segments of the mouse epididymal epithelium act as a selection barrier for abnormal spermatogenic cells by removing immature cells from the lumen by phagocytosis. To det

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11

Wong, P. Y. D., and C. N. Uchendu. "The role of angiotensin-converting enzyme in the rat epididymis." Journal of Endocrinology 125, no. 3 (1990): 457–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1250457.

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ABSTRACT In order to investigate the role of renin angiotensin in the epididymis, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and angiotensin I (AI) and angiotensin II (AII) concentrations were measured in the male reproductive tract and blood serum of the rat. High ACE activity was detected in the rat epididymis, with a major part of the activity being associated with epididymal spermatozoa. When spermatozoa were prevented from entering the epididymis by efferent duct ligation, the ACE activity in the epididymis was greatly reduced. The epithelial cells lining the epididymal duct were also s

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12

Lee, Y. H., M. Lin, M. A. Baker, and R. J. Aitken. "426. The role of sperm mitochondria in the process of epididymal maturation." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20, no. 9 (2008): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb08abs426.

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On leaving the testis, spermatozoa can neither swim nor achieve fertilisation of the oocyte. These functional properties are acquired as spermatozoa engage a process of post-testicular maturation in the epididymis. Research into the biochemical basis of sperm maturation has revealed that this process is associated with activation of sperm mitochondria. Immature spermatozoa from the caput epididymis displayed a low mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) whereas mature spermatozoa from the caudal epididymis actively maintained a high MMP. Moreover mitochondrial generation of reactive oxygen spec

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13

Wijayarathna, Rukmali, David M. de Kretser, Rajini Sreenivasan, et al. "Comparative analysis of activins A and B in the adult mouse epididymis and vas deferens." Reproduction 155, no. 1 (2018): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-17-0485.

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Activin A regulates testicular and epididymal development, but the role of activin B in the epididymis and vas deferens is unknown. Mouse models with reduced activin A (Inhba+/− and InhbaBK/+), or its complete absence (InhbaBK/BK), were investigated to identify specific roles of activins in the male reproductive tract. In 8-week-old Inhba+/− mice, serum activin A decreased by 70%, with a 50% reduction of gene expression and protein in the testis, epididymis and vas deferens. Activin B and the activin-binding protein, follistatin, were similar to wild-type. Testis weights were slightly reduced

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14

Tzvetkova, P. "Congenital anomalies of the mesonephronic duct and fertility." Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica 54, no. 2 (2007): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aci0702063t.

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Agenesia of deferential duct and the others congenital malformations of mesonephronical duct are often encountering condition in andrological practice. This study presents the possibilities of reproductive medicine to restore the male fertility and concentrates on biological and clinical aspects of malformations of mesonephronic duct like factors for excretory male infertility. The investigations including 104 patients (mean age 30.25+1.91 years old) with congenital anomalies of mesonephronical duct with: Agenesia of mesonephronical derivates - case with unilateral agenesia of the deferent duc

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15

Weiser, Daniela, Andrea Mietens, Beatrix Stadler, Davor Ježek, Gerhard Schuler, and Ralf Middendorff. "Contractions transport exfoliated epithelial cells through the neonatal epididymis." Reproduction 160, no. 1 (2020): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-19-0617.

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Contractions of the adult epididymal duct are well known in the context of sperm transport. Some reports also describe contractions of the epididymal duct during development, but data about their character, regulation and function are sparse. In the foetal human epididymis we found luminal cells and could identify them as exfoliated epithelial cells originating from the epididymis and not from testis by using antibodies against neutral endopeptidase as an epithelial epididymal duct marker. Exfoliated cells were also found in the epididymal duct after birth. Time-lapse imaging revealed directio

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16

James, Emma R., Douglas T. Carrell, Kenneth I. Aston, Timothy G. Jenkins, Marc Yeste, and Albert Salas-Huetos. "The Role of the Epididymis and the Contribution of Epididymosomes to Mammalian Reproduction." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 15 (2020): 5377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155377.

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It is well-established that testicular spermatozoa are immature and acquire motility and fertilization capabilities during transit throughout the epididymis. The epididymis is a duct-like organ that connects the testis to the vas deferens and is comprised of four anatomical regions: the initial segment, caput, corpus, and cauda. Sperm maturation occurs during epididymal transit by the interaction of sperm cells with the unique luminal environment of each epididymal region. In this review we discuss the epididymis as an essential reproductive organ responsible for sperm concentration, maturatio

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Kuzmina, N., D. Ostapiv, A. Chajkovska, and A. Panych. "THE ACTIVITY AND ISOFORMS OF SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE IN TISUES OF REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS OF RATS." Scientific and Technical Bulletin оf State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medical Products and Fodder Additives аnd Institute of Animal Biology 21, no. 1 (2020): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36359/scivp.2020-21-1.13.

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The aсtivity of superoxide dismutase, the content of its isoforms in testis, epididimis, and in epididimal spermatozoa of pubescent rat males were studied. The experiments were performed on adult male rats (age 5 - 6 months). After decapitation, the testes and the epididimis were taken, from which the spermatozoa were washed with 0.9 % sodium chloride solution. The total protein and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined in the supernatant and the sperm suspension. SOD isoforms were detected after electrophoresis in 10 % polyacrylamide gel by specific staining of gel plat

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Guo, Wei, Fei Qu, Li Xia, Qiangsu Guo, Xiaoqian Ying, and Zhide Ding. "Identification and characterization of ERp29 in rat spermatozoa during epididymal transit." Reproduction 133, no. 3 (2007): 575–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-06-0301.

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The mammalian epididymis is able to create sequential changes in the composition of luminal fluid throughout its length, wherein spermatozoa undergo morphological, biochemical, and physiological modifications. Subsequently, spermatozoa acquire the ability for fertilization upon reaching the epididymal cauda. In this study, protein variations in Sprague–Dawley rat spermatozoa along the caput and caudal regions of epididymis were investigated by high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) in combination with mass spectrometry. From total protein spots on the 2DE maps, 43 spots were

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O'Hara, Laura, Michelle Welsh, Philippa T. K. Saunders, and Lee B. Smith. "Androgen Receptor Expression in the Caput Epididymal Epithelium Is Essential for Development of the Initial Segment and Epididymal Spermatozoa Transit." Endocrinology 152, no. 2 (2010): 718–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2010-0928.

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Abstract The epididymis plays an essential role in male fertility, and disruption of epididymal function can lead to obstructive azoospermia. Formation and function of the epididymis is androgen-dependent. The androgen receptor (AR) is expressed in both the stromal and epithelial compartments of the epididymis, and androgen action mediated via stromal cells is vital for its normal development and function. However the impact of epithelial specific AR-dependent signaling in the epididymis remains underexplored. To address this, we used conditional gene-targeting in mice to selectively ablate AR

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Wang, Tse-En, Shiori Minabe, Fuko Matsuda, et al. "Testosterone regulation on quiescin sulfhydryl oxidase 2 synthesis in the epididymis." Reproduction 161, no. 5 (2021): 593–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-20-0629.

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The epididymis is an androgen-responsive organ, whose structure and functions are modulated by the coordination between androgen and epididymal cues. Highly regulated molecular interaction within the epididymis is required to support viable sperm development necessary for subsequent fertilization. In the present study, we extended our earlier findings on a promising epididymal protein, quiescin sulfhydryl oxidase 2 (QSOX2), and demonstrated a positive correlation between testosterone and QSOX2 protein synthesis through the use of loss- and restore-of-function animal models. Moreover, based on

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Man, Jiangwei, Lei Cao, Zhilong Dong, Junqiang Tian, Zhiping Wang, and Li Yang. "Diagnosis and treatment of epididymal tuberculosis: a review of 47 cases." PeerJ 8 (January 6, 2020): e8291. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8291.

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Objective To analyze the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment outcomes in a series of patients with epididymal tuberculosis. Methods This study is a retrospective data analysis of 47 cases of histologically-confirmed epididymal tuberculosis in patients treated at our hospital from November 2012 to December 2018. Results The average age of the patients was approximately 42 years. The epididymal lesion location was left-sided in 15 patients (31.9%), right-sided in 22 patients (46.8%) and bilateral in 10 patients (21.3%). The main symptoms were painless swelling of the scrotum in 21 c

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Perez-Marin, CC, E. Jimenez, and EI Aguera. "Effects of epididymis cold storage on frozen-thawed epididymal sperm quality in tomcats (Felis catus)." Veterinární Medicína 62, No. 3 (2017): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/253/2015-vetmed.

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The effect of cold storage of testes and epididymides at 4 °C for 12 h on the cryopreservation capacity of epididymal feline sperm was evaluated. Ten domestic cats were castrated, and testes and epididymides collected. Specimens were randomly assigned to two groups: in Group A, epididymal samples were immediately processed and frozen in 0.25-ml straws; in Group B, both testes and epididymides were maintained in saline at 4 °C for 12 h and sperm was then processed and frozen. Motility, morphology, acrosome status, sperm viability and DNA integrity were assessed in epididymal sperm samples befor

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Cooper, Trevor G. "The epididymal influence on sperm maturation." Reproductive Medicine Review 4, no. 3 (1995): 141–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962279900000545.

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Consideration of the function of the epididymis has undergone profound changes over the last century during which it has moved from a largely neglected male reproductive organ to one that is an increasingly exploited source of sperm for assisted reproduction strategies. From histological studies in the lizard1 it was considered that, ‘…the cells lining the epididymal canal produce a material necessary for the spermatozoa during their passage through the organ …’ whereas a fertility study with guinea-pigs stated boldly that, ‘… changes undergone [by spermatozoa in the epididymis] are not condit

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Cooper, Trevor G. "The epididymal influence on sperm maturation." Reproductive Medicine Review 4, no. 3 (1995): 141–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962279900001149.

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Consideration of the function of the epididymis has undergone profound changes over the last century during which it has moved from a largely neglected male reproductive organ to one that is an increasingly exploited source of sperm for assisted reproduction strategies. From histological studies in the lizard1 it was considered that, ‘…the cells lining the epididymal canal produce a material necessary for the spermatozoa during their passage through the organ …’ whereas a fertility study with guinea-pigs stated boldly that, ‘… changes undergone [by spermatozoa in the epididymis] are not condit

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Dufresne, Julie, Nancy St-Pierre, Robert S. Viger, Louis Hermo, and Daniel G. Cyr. "Characterization of a Novel Rat Epididymal Cell Line to Study Epididymal Function." Endocrinology 146, no. 11 (2005): 4710–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2004-1634.

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The epididymis is an androgen-dependent organ that allows spermatozoa to become fully functional as they pass through this tissue. The specialized functions of the epididymis are mediated by interactions between epididymal epithelial cells and between epididymal cells and spermatozoa. Although the critical role of the epididymis in sperm maturation is well established, the mechanisms regulating cell-cell interactions remain poorly understood because of the lack of appropriate cell line models. We now report the characterization of a novel rat caput epididymal cell line (RCE) that was immortali

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Pimentel, Mark, Lindsay E. Nicolle, and Salman Qureshi. "Candida albicansEpididymo-Orchitis and Fungemia in a Patient with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases 7, no. 5 (1996): 332–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1996/237967.

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The fourth reported case of candidal epididymo-orchitis in the literature and the first reported case successfully cured with only low dose amphotericin B is described. A 75-year-old male with chronic myelogenous leukemia presented with acute testicular and epididymal swelling and pain. Subsequent investigations suggested the diagnosis of epididymo-orchitis due toCandida albicans. This was successfully treated with intravenous amphotericin B (total dose of 500 mg). Based on the three previous case reports and the current case several characteristic features that increased the suspicion of this

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Perry, A. C. F., R. Jones, L. S. P. Niang, R. M. Jackson, and L. Hall. "Genetic evidence for an androgen-regulated epididymal secretory glutathione peroxidase whose transcript does not contain a selenocysteine codon." Biochemical Journal 285, no. 3 (1992): 863–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2850863.

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Epididymal glutathione peroxidase (GPX) has been suggested as a major factor in combating loss of fertility of spermatozoa due to lipid peroxidation. We report here the isolation and sequence of putative GPX cDNAs from rat (Rattus rattus) and cynomolgus-monkey (Macaca fascicularis) epididymis, which exhibit marked sequence identity with known GPXs. In both species the cDNAs encode predicted preproteins containing 221 amino acid residues. Unlike other characterized GPX sequences, epididymal GPX mRNA does not contain a selenocysteine codon (UGA). However, sequence comparison and molecular-modell

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Wahyuni, Sri, Gholib Gholib, Rizki Maulana, et al. "The correlation between spermatozoa morphometry and the testosterone levels in the epididymis of aceh cow." E3S Web of Conferences 151 (2020): 01020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101020.

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The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between spermatozoa morphometry and testosterone concentration in the epididymal caput, corpus, and cauda of aceh cattle. The epididymal sperm swab slides were stained using Williams's staining to examined the morphology and morphometry of spermatozoa whereas the level of testosterone from epididymal caput, corpus, and cauda extract was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The data of sperm morphology were presented descriptively whereas the data of sperm morphometry and testosterone concentration were analyzed u

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Carvelli, Lorena, Andrea Carolina Aguilera, Leila Zyla, et al. "Castration causes an increase in lysosomal size and upregulation of cathepsin D expression in principal cells along with increased secretion of procathepsin D and prosaposin oligomers in adult rat epididymis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (2021): e0250454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250454.

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In the epididymis, lysosomal proteins of the epithelial cells are normally targeted from the Golgi apparatus to lysosomes for degradation, although their secretion into the epididymal lumen has been documented and associated with sperm maturation. In this study, cathepsin D (CatD) and prosaposin (PSAP) were examined in adult epididymis of control, and 2-day castrated rats without (Ct) and with testosterone replacement (Ct+T) to evaluate their expression and regulation within epididymal epithelial cells. By light microscope-immunocytochemistry, a quantitative increase in size of lysosomes in pr

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Wong, PY. "Abnormal fluid transport by the epididymis as a cause of obstructive azoospermia." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 2, no. 2 (1990): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd9900115.

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It has been known for more than a decade that in many mammalian species including man, spermatozoa once shed from the testis are immature, immotile and incapable of fertilizing the ovum. During their transit through the epididymis, they undergo various morphological and functional changes that confer on them the ability to ascend the female tract, to undergo an acrosome reaction, to penetrate the zona pellucida and to effect a successful fertilization. By the time spermatozoa have reached the cauda epididymidis, they are held in a quiescent state by factors in the epididymal fluid. The epididy

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Martini, Ana C., Rosa I. Molina, Laura M. Vincenti та ін. "Neutral α-glucosidase activity in mouse: a marker of epididymal function?" Reproduction, Fertility and Development 19, № 4 (2007): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd06070.

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Neutral α-glucosidase (NAG) activity is considered a functional epididymal marker in several species. Unlike the rat, no NAG activity has been detected in mice. The aims of the present study were to evaluate NAG secretory activity (the supernatant of the incubated tissue) in mouse epididymis and to determine whether it could be used as a functional epididymal marker. Epididymides (whole or in parts) were incubated in the presence or absence of testosterone (10−5 m) and secretory NAG activity was compared with known positive controls. Furthermore, we compared enzyme activity in epididymides fro

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Nixon, Brett, Katherine A. Ewen, Klara M. Krivanek, et al. "Post-testicular sperm maturation and identification of an epididymal protein in the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)." REPRODUCTION 147, no. 3 (2014): 265–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-13-0566.

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The role of the avian epididymis in post-testicular development and capacitation was examined to assess whether avian spermatozoa undergo any processes similar to those characteristic of mammalian sperm development. We found no evidence of a need for quail sperm to undergo capacitation and 90% of testicular sperm could bind to a perivitelline membrane and acrosome react. However, computer-assisted sperm analysis showed that 20% of testicular sperm from the quail were capable of movement and only about 12% of the motile sperm would have a curvilinear velocity greater than the mean for sperm fro

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Olukole, S. G., O. M. Coker та B. O. Oke. "Immunohistochemical Studies of αSMA in the Epididymis of African Four-Toed Hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris)". Folia Veterinaria 64, № 1 (2020): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fv-2020-0002.

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AbstractThe epididymis plays an important role in sperm maturation, storage, transport and in the secretion of enzymes and proteins into the tubular lumen. In this study, we examined the histology, microstereology and immunohistochemical localization of alpha smooth muscle (αSMA) in the three regions of the epididymis of the African four-toed hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris). Ten adult males were captured from the wild in Ibadan, Nigeria, between May and October, 2016. The animals were euthanized and the epididymis (caput, corpus and cauda regions) were retrieved and fixed in buffered neutral f

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Koziorowska-Gilun, Magdalena, Przemysław Gilun, Marek Koziorowski та Władysław Kordan. "Expression of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α and Association with Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase in the Reproductive Tract Tissues of Adult Male Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus) During the Reproduction Season". Annals of Animal Science 17, № 4 (2017): 1063–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2017-0008.

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AbstractThis study aimed to determine the mRNA and protein expressions of HIF-1α and SOD-1 in testes and epididymis of adult male roe deer during the periods of reproductive season. The mRNA expression levels of investigated factors were examined using RT-PCR, while protein expression levels were evaluated using Western blot analysis. Differences between tissues within this period and between periods were evaluated. Testicular tissue exhibited lower HIF-1α and SOD-1 mRNA expression levels during all periods as compared to epididymal tissues. Among the epididymal tissues, cauda epididymis showe

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Klein, Britta, Sudhanshu Bhushan, Stefan Günther, et al. "Differential tissue-specific damage caused by bacterial epididymo-orchitis in the mouse." Molecular Human Reproduction 26, no. 4 (2020): 215–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gaaa011.

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Abstract Ascending bacterial urinary tract infections can cause epididymo-orchitis. In the cauda epididymidis, this frequently leads to persistent tissue damage. Less coherent data is available concerning the functional consequences of epididymo-orchitis on testis and caput epididymidis. This in vivo study addresses the functional and spatial differences in responsiveness of murine epididymis and testis to infection with uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Whole transcriptome analysis (WTA) was performed on testis, caput, corpus and cauda epididymidis of adult C57BL/6 J wildtype mice. Follo

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Björkgren, Ida, and Petra Sipilä. "The impact of epididymal proteins on sperm function." Reproduction 158, no. 5 (2019): R155—R167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-18-0589.

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The epididymis is necessary for post-testicular sperm maturation as it provides the milieu required for spermatozoa to gain the ability for progressive movement and fertilization. In the epididymis the sperm protein, lipid and small RNA content are heavily modified due to interaction with luminal proteins secreted by the epididymal epithelium and extracellular vesicles, epididymosomes. This review focuses on epididymal proteins demonstrated to have an effect on sperm functions, such as motility, capacitation, acrosome reaction, sperm-zona pellucida binding and sperm-egg binding, as well as on

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Donat, Daniela, Slobodan Torbica, Sandra Trivunic-Dajko, and Viktor Till. "Ultrasonographic findings of epididymal torsion in adults - a rare cause of acute scrotum." Medical review 74, no. 1-2 (2021): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns2102038d.

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Introduction. Epididymal torsion is a rare cause of acute scrotum. Only a few cases have been described in the literature, and preoperative ultrasound diagnosis was done only in two cases. So far, according to our data, cases of epididymal torsion in adults have not previously been reported in the literature. Case Report. We report the case of a 39-year-old man, who was admitted to the hospital for pain in the left hemiscrotum lasting for three days. The physical examination revealed a swelling limited to the left hemiscrotum, so the patient was referred for an ultrasound examination with the

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Murashima, Aki, Shinichi Miyagawa, Yukiko Ogino, et al. "Essential Roles of Androgen Signaling in Wolffian Duct Stabilization and Epididymal Cell Differentiation." Endocrinology 152, no. 4 (2011): 1640–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2010-1121.

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Abstract The epididymis is a male accessory organ and functions for sperm maturation and storage under the control of androgen. The development of the epididymis is also androgen dependent. The Wolffian duct (WD), anlagen of the epididymis, is formed in both male and female embryos; however, it is stabilized only in male embryos by testicular androgen. Androgen drives subsequent differentiation of the WD into the epididymis. Although the essential roles of androgen in WD masculinization and epididymal function have been established, little is known about cellular events regulated precisely by

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Zhao, W., P. Y. Leung, S. B. Cheng Chew, H. C. Chan, and P. Y. D. Wong. "Localization and distribution of angiotensin II in the rat epididymis." Journal of Endocrinology 149, no. 2 (1996): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1490217.

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Abstract The localization and distribution of angiotensin II (Ang II) in the rat epididymis was studied using immunohistochemical and RIA techniques. The immunohistochemical results showed that Ang II-like immunoreactivity progressively increased along the length of the rat epididymis (cauda>corpus>>caput) and was predominately localized in the basal region of the epididymal epithelium. Occasionally, immunostaining of lighter intensity was also found in the apical region. The concentration of Ang II in cultured rat cauda epididymal epithelial cells was further measured by RIA. In addi

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Tourzani, Darya A., Maria A. Battistone, Ana M. Salicioni, Sylvie Breton, Pablo E. Visconti, and Maria G. Gervasi. "Caput Ligation Renders Immature Mouse Sperm Motile and Capable to Undergo cAMP-Dependent Phosphorylation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 19 (2021): 10241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910241.

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Mammalian sperm must undergo two post-testicular processes to become fertilization-competent: maturation in the male epididymis and capacitation in the female reproductive tract. While caput epididymal sperm are unable to move and have not yet acquired fertilization potential, sperm in the cauda epididymis have completed their maturation, can move actively, and have gained the ability to undergo capacitation in the female tract or in vitro. Due to the impossibility of mimicking sperm maturation in vitro, the molecular pathways underlying this process remain largely unknown. We aimed to investi

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Dobanovacki, Dusanka, Nada Vuckovic, and Milanka Tatic. "Congenital anomalies of the epididymis." Medical review 73, no. 7-8 (2020): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns2008245d.

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Introduction. Congenital anomalies of the epididymis, detected either during orchiopexy or routine herniectomy, as well as their importance in male fertility, have been described in many papers in clinical surgery. Clinical Considerations. The aim of this study was to report various types of epididymal congenital abnormalities registered in the clinical practice of pediatric surgery, to describe their basic characteristics and to classify them into three groups: (I) fusional anomalies of the epididymis and testis; (II) anatomic forms of anomalies; (III) congenital epididymal cysts. Conclusion.

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Krutskikh, Anton, Karel De Gendt, Victoria Sharp, Guido Verhoeven, Matti Poutanen, and Ilpo Huhtaniemi. "Targeted Inactivation of the Androgen Receptor Gene in Murine Proximal Epididymis Causes Epithelial Hypotrophy and Obstructive Azoospermia." Endocrinology 152, no. 2 (2011): 689–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2010-0768.

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Abstract The epithelial lining of the epididymal duct expresses the androgen receptor (Ar) along its entire length and undergoes rapid and profound degeneration when androgenic support is withdrawn. However, experiments involving orchidectomy with systemic testosterone replacement, and testicular efferent duct ligation, have indicated that structural and functional integrity of the initial segment cannot be maintained by circulating androgen alone, leaving the role of androgen in this epididymal zone unclear. We addressed this question in a mouse model with intact testicular output and selecti

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Wei, Jin-Hua, Xiao Feng, Zhi-Jian Sun, et al. "Different locations of RANTES and its receptors on mouse epididymal spermatozoa." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 28, no. 10 (2016): 1509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd14231.

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Our previous study showed that the chemokine regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) originating from the mouse epididymis bound to the midpiece of luminal spermatozoa. The present study was undertaken to investigate the association between RANTES and epididymal spermatozoa and to determine whether the association is mediated by the RANTES receptors CCR1, CCR3 or CCR5. The use of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescent staining demonstrated that RANTES secreted by apical and narrow cells of mou

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Tomomasa, H., S. Waguri, T. Umeda, K. Koiso, E. Kominami, and Y. Uchiyama. "Lysosomal cysteine proteinases in rat epididymis." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 42, no. 3 (1994): 417–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/42.3.8308258.

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To examine the precise localization of lysosomal cysteine proteinases, cathepsins B, H, and L in rat epididymal epithelial cells, immunohistochemistry and enzyme assay were applied to the epididymal tissue. Granular immunodeposits for cathepsins B and H were detected in epididymal epithelial cells, whereas faint or no immunoreactivity for cathepsin L was found. Moreover, immunoreactivity for cathepsin B appeared mainly in principal cells and was more intense in the head of the epididymis than in the tail, whereas that for cathepsin H appeared in both principal and clear cells and was more inte

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Pujianto, Dwi Ari, Anastasios E. Damdimopoulos, Petra Sipilä, Jenni Jalkanen, Ilpo Huhtaniemi, and Matti Poutanen. "Bfk, a Novel Member of the Bcl2 Gene Family, Is Highly Expressed in Principal Cells of the Mouse Epididymis and Demonstrates a Predominant Nuclear Localization." Endocrinology 148, no. 7 (2007): 3196–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2007-0018.

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B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) family kin (BFK) is a recently identified novel protein that is similar to proteins of the BCL2 family. In the present study, we discovered that the mouse Bfk transcript is expressed at the highest level in the epididymis. Two transcripts of 0.9 and 2.6 kb in size were identified, with alternative exon 4 structures, resulting in a difference in the last three to five amino acids of the variants. However, the 0.9-kb transcript was found to be the predominant form in the epididymis and mammary gland, another tissue with strong Bfk expression. Epididymal Bfk expression wa

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Zayed, Ahmed El-Zuhry, Khaled Hamdy Aly, Ismael Abdel-Aziz Ibrahim, and Fatma Mohammed Abd El-maksoud. "Morphological studies on the seasonal changes in the epididymal duct of the one-humped camel (camelus dromedarius)." Veterinary Science Development 2, no. 1 (2012): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/vsd.2012.3997.

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The present work was carried out on 20 testes and epididymis of sexually mature camels to elucidate the gross anatomical, morphometerical, light microscopical and scanning electron microscopical features of the epididymis in different seasons. Anatomically, the epididymal duct of a camel consists of three parts head, body and tail. Histomorphologically, the epididymal duct is subdivided into initial, middle and terminal segments, of which the middle segment is further subdivided into proximal, intermediate and distal parts. There is a gradual decrease in the epithelial height of the epididymal

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Silber, SJ, P. Devroey, H. Tournaye, and Steirteghem AC Van. "Fertilizing capacity of epididymal and testicular sperm using intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 7, no. 2 (1995): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd9950281.

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For men with uncorrectable obstructive azoospermia, their only hope of fathering a child is microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA) combined with in vitro fertilization (IVF). In 1988, proximal epididymal sperm were demonstrated to have better motility than senescent sperm in the distal epididymis, and it was thought that retrieval of motile sperm from the proximal epididymis would yield reliable fertilization and pregnancy rates after conventional IVF. However, the results to date have been poor, and although a minority of patients achieved good fertilization rates with IVF, the vast

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Gao, Da Yuan, Bao Li Zhang, Matthew C. T. Leung, Simon C. L. Au, Patrick Y. D. Wong, and Winnie W. C. Shum. "Coupling of TRPV6 and TMEM16A in epithelial principal cells of the rat epididymis." Journal of General Physiology 148, no. 2 (2016): 161–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201611626.

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The epididymis establishes a congenial environment for sperm maturation and protection. Its fluid is acidic, and the calcium concentration is low and declines along the length of the epididymal tubule. However, our knowledge of ionic currents and mechanisms of calcium homeostasis in rat epididymal epithelial cells remains enigmatic. In this study, to better understand calcium regulation in the epididymis, we use the patch-clamp method to record from single rat cauda epididymal principal cells. We detect a constitutively active Ca2+ current with characteristics that match the epithelial calcium

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Fourie, M. H., M. S. Bornman, and J. M. C. Oosthuizen. "Epididimis: van hoofspeler tot bysaak?" Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 16, no. 1 (1997): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v16i1.657.

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During epididymal transit, sperm acquire the capacity for fertilization and progressive motility. The epididymis is functionally and mechanically indispensable for in vivo fertilization, but technology has progressed rapidly in the field of in vitro fertilization. Modern sperm-injection techniques have dispensed with the epididymis as a necessity in the treatment of individual infertile couples.

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Cavariani, Marilia Martins, Talita de Mello Santos, Dhrielly Natalia Pereira, et al. "Maternal protein restriction differentially alters the expression of AQP1, AQP9 and VEGFr-2 in the epididymis of rat offspring." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 3 (2019): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20030469.

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Background: Maternal protein restriction causes sperm alterations in the offspring, most of which are associated with epididymal functions. Because fluid reabsorption/secretion dynamics in the epididymal environment play important roles in the process of sperm maturation and concentration, we investigated the effects of maternal protein restriction on the expression of aquaporins (AQP1 and AQP9), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFa), and its receptor VEGFr-2 in different stages of postnatal epididymal development. Methods: Pregnant rats were divided into groups that received normoprotein

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