Contents
Academic literature on the topic 'Épinette blanche – Propriétés mécaniques'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Épinette blanche – Propriétés mécaniques.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Épinette blanche – Propriétés mécaniques"
Gagné, Laurent, Luc Lavoie, and Jean-Marie Binot. "Croissance et propriétés mécaniques du bois après éclaircie commerciale dans une plantation d’épinette blanche (Picea glauca) âgée de 32 ans." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 42, no. 2 (2012): 291–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x11-181.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Épinette blanche – Propriétés mécaniques"
Paradis, Normand. "Relations entre les propriétés mécaniques du bois et les vitesses acoustiques mesurées à trois étapes du processus de transformation du bois." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27950/27950.pdf.
Full textBoudreault, Simon. "Effets des propriétés physiques et chimiques des substrats sur la croissance et le développement de plants d'épinette blanche en récipient après un saison de culture." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27189/27189.pdf.
Full textPaes, Torquato Luciane. "Modélisation de la stabilité dimensionnelle et des propriétés mécaniques du bois d’épinette noire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68341.
Full textBending strength, stiffness, and dimensional stability of wood are determining properties fortheir potential use in building structure and added-value products. A detailed knowledge of the variation patterns of the properties inside a tree is essential to optimize the use of this renewable resource and to develop high-performance products. This PhD project’s goal is to characterize and model the variation pattern for bending strength, stiffness, and dimensional stability within the tree as a function of different parameters (radial distance, the height ofthe stem, the ring width) and taking into account the history of the stands. This general objective was pursued by the means of the specific objectives to : 1) describe the variation pattern of the physico-mechanical properties from pith to the bark (i.e. as a function ofcambial age) and in the longitudinal axis of the stem; 2) model the effect of the radial growth rate on the physico-mechanical properties; 3) model the effect of the basic specific densityon the physico-mechanical properties and examine the differences between the two types of stand structures (regular and irregular). The study focused on black spruce (Picea mariana[Mill.] B.S.P.), a species of high commercial importance in Canada. Sixty trees were sampled in twelve stands located north and south of the North Shore region, thirty trees in six standsin Abitibi-Témiscamingue and forty-two trees from Lac Saint-Jean. This study used astatistical modelling approach to relate flexural strength, stiffness and dimensional stability parameters to variables such as cambial age and annual growth rate. The stands were sampled with a known time since the last fire because this is known to influence stand structure and tree growth. The results confirmed that cambial age is clearly the most important source ofradial direction variation in wood properties, which could be used as a predictive variable. The ring width had a small additional influence to explain the variations in mechanical and dimensional stability properties. The fast-growing wood in regular stands had superior mechanical properties and were less dimensionally stable. Slow-growing trees from unevenaged, irregular stands may produce less dense late wood, which would tend to reduce mechanical properties and increase the dimensional stability of the material. Thus, these properties may be affected by the patterns of intra-ring variation in wood density. The effect of stand type on the wood physico-mechanical properties may also be due to the presence of mild compression wood, which can occur in trees of layer origin or in trees subjected togreater or more complex mechanical stimuli. Analyses also indicate that wood density and cambial age measurements can be used to estimate dimensional stability and mechanical properties. In addition, prediction indices have shown that it is preferable to predict dimensional stability from MOE and cambial age measurements rather than opting for the opposite case, i.e., estimating mechanical properties from dimensional stability. These results could have practical implications for decision-making in forest management and wood allocation. The selection of forest stands to produce black spruce wood for either high dimensional stability or high mechanical properties may be an interesting option that emerges from our results. In general, the modelling results were able to clearly characterize the differences between the two types of stand structures. However, further fundamental researchis needed to elucidate the mechanisms of wood formation that are responsible for differences in properties related to the growth environment in these two types of stand, including the internal structure of growth rings and the ultrastructure and chemical composition of the cell wall of wood tracheids, in order to obtain a more complete tool of simulation of wood qualityfor black spruce.
Shao, Jianfu. "Etude du comportement d'une craie blanche très poreuse et modélisation." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10125.
Full textPaiement, Ian. "Effets des propriétés physico-chimiques du substrat sur la croissance et la physiologie des plants d'épinette blanche." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28376/28376.pdf.
Full textNi, Annaidh Aisling. "Mécanique du coup de couteau : étude numérique et expérimentale de l'attaque à l'arme blanche." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066261.
Full textAlteyrac, Jérôme. "Influence de la densité de peuplement et de la hauteur dans l'arbre sur les propriétés physico-mécaniques du bois d'épinette noire (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22792/22792.pdf.
Full textThirty-six black spruce trees were collected in the Chibougamau area, north of Québec City and assigned into three stand density groups according to their local stand density. The trees were cut into three logs of 2.7-m in length from which the upper 30-cm long bolt was sawn and used as the sampling material. The aim of the study was to determine the variations of the wood properties in relation to stand density at different sampling heights. These properties, considered as determinant for wood quality, are wood density, growth rate, shrinkage, mechanical properties and anatomical structure. Moreover, these anatomical, physical and mechanical properties were studied on the same sample in order to highlight the relations among them. X-ray densitometry and the WinCell software were used to determine wood density and the anatomical structure, for each growth ring, in order to obtain a radial profile in relation to cambial age. The microfibril angle was measured by the SilviScan technology at CSIRO Forestry and Forest Products Department, Australia, and the mechanical properties were determined by static bending on specimens taken from pith to bark. The results show a high radial variation of the main wood characteristics from pith to bark where some of them (ring area, maximum ring density, microfibril angle, modulus of elasticity) characterise the juvenile wood to mature wood transition. The results show that most of the significant variation of wood characteristics occurs with sampling height rather than with stand density, these variations being more important in juvenile wood. One observes that stand density has more impact on growth traits than on wood density traits. The study of the transition age from juvenile wood to mature wood calculated from the radial pattern of ring area and maximum ring density, highlights a significant effect of sampling height. This effect results in a reduction of the juvenile period from 17 to 12 years at the top of the tree. Nevertheless, the juvenile wood volume proportion seems to present little variation with sampling height. The effect of stand density on transition age is not significant but it seems that the proportion of juvenile wood is higher in the high stand density group. A statistical analysis by a mixed model showed a strong effect of microfibril angle and ring density on mechanical properties but no significant effect of ring width.
Lenz, Patrick. "Breeding for Wood Quality: The Impact of Cambial Age on the Genetics of White Spruce Wood Traits." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27990/27990.pdf.
Full textSpǎtǎcean, Corneliu Adrian. "Propriétés du bois et qualité des sciages dans les pessières noires de seconde venue issues de coupe et de feu." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19759.
Full textThe objectives of this project were to evaluate the effects of stand origin on lumber grade yield, MSR yield and bending properties and to describe the variability of wood mechanical and physical properties at different hierarchical levels in black spruce. The results indicate that a similar percentage of lumber pieces are graded as No.2 and better in logged stands, but this percentage is 20% lower than in burned stand. The MSR grades yield in logged stands is similar to that from natural stands but partial-cut origin stand has less lumber in superior MSR class due to lower bending properties. For all properties studied the between stands variance is much less important than within stand variance. Moreover, inter-tree variance component of MOE and MOR are lower than intra-tree variance. The stands that showed a more important DBH variance and asymmetrical competition present more important inter-tree variance in wood mechanical properties.
Barrette, Julie. "Changement temporel, rendement en valeur monétaire et propriétés physico-mécaniques des arbres morts secs et sains de la forêt boréale de l'Est." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29882/29882.pdf.
Full textIn a context of decreasing annual allowable cut, the use of dead and sound wood (DSW) trees (trees that have recently died through isolated mortality or group mortality) may represent an interesting opportunity to increase the volumes supplied to the Quebec forest industries. Conversely, it is important to account for the presence of wood decay in wood supplies, as it may cause significant losses at the sawmill. The main objective of this project was to quantify and measure the impact of the processes of tree mortality and degradation in the Eastern boreal area of Quebec. Decay and DSW volumes were measured in two chronosequences of time since fire. In order to identify DSW trees in the forest, two systems of visual classification based on tree degradation were used (Hunter 1990 et MRNFQ 2005). Our results showed that wood decay volume measured at the stand level increased during the first 150 years following fire and then stabilized. The volume of DSW showed the opposite trend, with a rapid decrease after fire and followed by a gradual increase from 200 years after fire. The felling of 162 black spruce trees (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) allowed us to compare different characteristics of DSW with those of live trees according to a sawmill study. Our results indicated that the monetary value of trees decreased with increasing state of tree degradation. Results from bending tests performed on 343 pieces showed that lumber pieces from DSW trees are less resistant to rupture than live trees. The moisture contents of wood chips from DSW were significantly lower than those of live trees, while chips size distributions were similar between the two types of wood. The loss of wood fiber at the debarking stage was significantly higher in trees with a more advanced state of tree degradation. In general, our results showed that the old-growth forests of the Eastern boreal forest of Quebec contain a significant proportion of DSW trees, which may represent an adequate source of wood supply if they remain at an early stage of degradation.