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Academic literature on the topic 'Épissage (génétique)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Épissage (génétique)"
Kottler, Marie-Laure. "Pseudo-hypoparathyroïdie et ses variants." médecine/sciences 38, no. 8-9 (August 2022): 655–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2022103.
Full textLEROUX, C., and G. TOSSER-KLOPP. "La fonction du gène : les grandes étapes de l’utilisation de l’information génétique." INRAE Productions Animales 13, HS (October 22, 2000): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2000.13.hs.3807.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Épissage (génétique)"
Desmet, François-Olivier. "Bioinformatique et épissage dans les pathologies humaines." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON1T017.
Full textDiscovered in 1977, splicing is a post-transcriptional maturation process that consists in link-ing exons together and removing introns from a pre-messanger RNA. For splicing to be cor-rectly undertaken by the spliceosome and its auxiliary proteins, several signals are located along the pre-messanger RNA sequence. Nearly half of pathogenous mutations in humans are now recognized to impact splicing and leading to a gene dysfunction. Therefore it is es-sential for biologists to detect those signals in any genomic sequence.Thus, the goals of this thesis were to conceive new algorithms: i) to identify splicing signals; ii) to predict the impact of mutations on these signals and iii) to give access to this information to researchers thanks to the power of bioinformatics. The proposed solution, Human Splicing Finder (HSF), is a web application able to predict all types of splicing signals hidden in any sequence extracted from the human genome. We demonstrated the prediction's efficiency of HSF for all situations associated with pathogenous mutations for which an impact on splicing has been experimentally demonstrated. Along with these direct benefits for the knowledge of biological processes for splicing and diagnosis, new genotype-specific therapeutic approaches can also benefit from these new algorithms. Thus, HSF allows to better target antisense olignucleotides used to induce exon skipping in Duchenne myopathy and dysferlinopathies.The recent recognition of the major interest of splicing in various domains such as fundamen-tal research, therapeutics and diagnosis needed a one stop shop for splicing signals. HSF has for object to fulfill this need, being regularly updated to integrate new knowledge and is already recognized as an international reference tool
Cocquerelle, Claude. "Formation de transcrits circulaires par épissage pour le proto-oncogène ETS-1." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10174.
Full textNous avons démontré que le mécanisme d'épissage inverse est intramoléculaire et que les transcrits comprenant une jonction exonique inversée ont une structure circulaire. Les molécules d'arn circulaires que nous avons identifiées, ne contiennent que la séquence exonique du deuxième au cinquième exon, ou au sixième exon du locus de ets-1. Nous avons observé une localisation cytoplasmique et une stabilité élevée pour ces molécules d'arn. Le taux d'expression des transcrits circulaires est de l'ordre de 1% du taux d'expression du transcrit linéaire de ets-1. La faible expression de transcrits circulaires pour le locus de ets-1 a-t-elle une signification biologique? Le mécanisme d'épissage inverse a été mis en évidence pour d'autres gènes, pour lesquels l'expression de transcrits circulaires est majoritaire sinon plus élevée que celle du transcrit habituel. Ces transcrits circulaires pourraient ainsi avoir une fonction en tant que molécule d'arn, comme cela a été démontré pour certains arns messagers
Théoleyre, Orianne. "Recherche de voies de régulation de l'épissage alternatif du pré-messager 4. 1R au cours de la différenciation érythroïde." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10061.
Full textToumaniantz, Gilles. "Caracterisation du mch-gene-overprinted polypeptide : une nouvelle proteine issue de la regulation post-transcriptionnelle du gene de l'hormone de melanoconcentration (mch)." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE5356.
Full textDeguillien, Mireille. "Régulation de l'épissage alternatif de l'exon 16 du pré-messager 4. 1 R au cours de la différenciation érythroi͏̈de." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10031.
Full textDouablin, Alexandre. "Implication des facteurs d'épissage agissant en trans dans la régulation de l'épissage alternatif de l'exon 16 du pré-messager 4. 1R80 au cours de la différenciation érythroïde." Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10030.
Full textThe inclusion of exon 16 in the mature protein 4. 1R messenger RNA (mRNA) is a critical event in red blood cell membrane biogenesis. It occurs during late erythroid development and results in inclusion of the 10kDa domain needed for stabilization of the spectrin/actin lattice. We here identified KSRP as a predominant splicing factor that binds to ESS16, a splicing silencer within exon 16. Its binding requires hnRNP A1 protein in vitro but does not affect exon 16 splicing in intact cells. In addition, we observed that the regulation of the exon 16 inclusion in the erythroid system is not affected by hnRNP A1 in vivo, but rather is modulated by hnRNP A2 in an isoform specific manner
Galiana-Arnoux, Delphine. "Étude des mécanismes de régulation de l'épissage des exons v8, v9 et v10 alternatifs du gène codant pour la protéine CD44." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT2021.
Full textTorres, Padilla Maria Elena. "Etude de l'expression et de l'activité transcriptionnelle des isoformes de HNF4alpha : récepteur nucléaire essentiel pour la différenciation hépatique." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05S008.
Full textThe establishment of hepatic identity results from two processes : specific gene expression and acquisition of a defined morphology. Specific gene expression is regulated at the transcriptional level by the liver-enriched transcription factors. Among these, HNF4alpha is essential for development and hepatic differentiation. My work focused on the study of the expression and transcriptional activity of the isoforms encoded by the HNF4alpha gene. HNF4alpha1 and HNF4alpha7 transcripts originate from alternative promoters and the corresponding proteins possess different amino-termini. . .
Saudemont, Baptiste. "Contrôle traductionnel de l'épissage." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066407.
Full textBonnet-Dupeyron, Marie-Noëlle. "Recherche de nouvelles anomalies en cause dans les leucodystrophies d'origine indéterminée." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CLF1MM12.
Full textGenetic diseases affecting primarily the myelin of the central nervous system (CNS), or leucodystrophies, include a large variety of phenotypes. The aims of this work lead with hypomyelinating forms, displaying a defect in myelin production and implicating the PLP1 gene which encodes the major proteins of CNS myelin, i. E. PLP and DM20. "PLP-pathies" are characterized by motor development impairment and encompass a wide continuum spectrum extending from severe forms of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) to relatively mild late onset spastic paraplegia (SPG2). However, a large proportion of patients presenting with a PMD or a SPG2 phenotype remains without identified PLP1 mutations suggesting either genetic heterogeneity or PLP1 gene alternative mutational mechanisms. This cohort of patients, called PMD like (PMLD), has been studied in this work to test both hypotheses. First, different candidate genes have been tested, including MBP which encodes the second major proteins of CNS myelin; GPM6B, which present close similarities with DM20 and OLIG2 which encodes a transcription factor oligodendrocyte specific. Secondly, the existence of PLP1 alternative mutational mechanisms has been evaluated by looking for small intragenic rearrangements, and for qualitative and quantitative abnormalities analyzing PLP and DM20 transcripts from patients' fibroblasts. Obtained results have excluded the implication of the tested candidate genes as well as PLP1 small intragenic rearrangements in the aetiology of PMLD. On the other hand, qualitative and quantitative analysis of PLP/DM20 transcripts from fibroblasts have demonstrated their usefulness and suggested that a PLP1 gene expression dysregulation could be involved in a subset of PMLD patients