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Gorman, J. L., Paul Veyne, and Mina Moore-Rinvolucri. "Writing History. Essay on Epistemology." History and Theory 26, no. 1 (February 1987): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2505261.
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Kaplan, Edward H. "Writing History: Essay on Epistemology." Review of Austrian Economics 1, no. 1 (December 1987): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01539345.
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Scisleski, Andrea Cristina Coelho, and Simone Maria Hüning. "Imagens do escuro: reflexões sobre subjetividades invisíveis / Images of the darkness: reflections on invisible subjectivities." Revista Polis e Psique 6, no. 1 (January 6, 2016): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2238-152x.61374.
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AbstractThis paper examines the epistemological model based upon the Enlightenment paradigm that underlies Modern Western thought and discusses other forms of writing and production of knowledge. Based on the the work of Michel Foucault, Walter Benjamin, Giorgio Agamben and others, we consider the production of knowledge in darkness. We start out with an evaluation of the effects of an epistemology of light and the potential of thought in the absence of light. We present an analysis of the relationship of that epistemology with forms of organization and urban lighting, as well as the production of invisible subjectivities. In a writing exercise conducted in a zone of shadows, we relate a story which binds the production of light and shadow and their productive power within contemporary urban society. Finally, this study affirms the power of shadows and the need to devise strategies that allow us to write in or with darkness and with those invisible subjectivities which inhabit it.Keywords: epistemology, writing, cities, subjectivities, powerResumoNesse artigo refletimos sobre o modelo epistemológico pautado na ideia de luzes constituinte do pensamento Ocidental Moderno, discutindo outras formas de escrever e produzir conhecimento. A partir de autores como Michel Foucault, Walter Benjamin e Giorgio Agamben, propomos uma reflexão sobre a produção do conhecimento no escuro. Iniciamos abordando os efeitos da epistemologia da luminosidade e a potência de se pensar nas sombras. Em seguida, analisamos a relação dessa epistemologia com as formas de organização e iluminação das cidades e a produção de subjetividades invisíveis. Em um exercício de escrita a partir de uma zona sombria, trazemos uma história que amarra a produção de luzes e sombras e seu poder produtivo na sociedade urbana contemporânea. Ao final, afirmamos a potência das sombras e a necessidade de construção de estratégias que nos permitam escrever no e com o escuro e com aquelas subjetividades invisíveis que o habitam.Palavras-chave: epistemologia, escrita, cidade, subjetividades, potência AbstractThis paper examines the epistemological model based upon the Enlightenment paradigm that underlies Modern Western thought and discusses other forms of writing and production of knowledge. Based on the the work of Michel Foucault, Walter Benjamin, Giorgio Agamben and others, we consider the production of knowledge in darkness. We start out with an evaluation of the effects of an epistemology of light and the potential of thought in the absence of light. We present an analysis of the relationship of that epistemology with forms of organization and urban lighting, as well as the production of invisible subjectivities. In a writing exercise conducted in a zone of shadows, we relate a story which binds the production of light and shadow and their productive power within contemporary urban society. Finally, this study affirms the power of shadows and the need to devise strategies that allow us to write in or with darkness and with those invisible subjectivities which inhabit it.Keywords: epistemology, writing, cities, subjectivities, powerAbstractThis paper examines the epistemological model based upon the Enlightenment paradigm that underlies Modern Western thought and discusses other forms of writing and production of knowledge. Based on the the work of Michel Foucault, Walter Benjamin, Giorgio Agamben and others, we consider the production of knowledge in darkness. We start out with an evaluation of the effects of an epistemology of light and the potential of thought in the absence of light. We present an analysis of the relationship of that epistemology with forms of organization and urban lighting, as well as the production of invisible subjectivities. In a writing exercise conducted in a zone of shadows, we relate a story which binds the production of light and shadow and their productive power within contemporary urban society. Finally, this study affirms the power of shadows and the need to devise strategies that allow us to write in or with darkness and with those invisible subjectivities which inhabit it.Keywords: epistemology, writing, cities, subjectivities, power
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Nuris, Anwar. "Tindakan Komunikatif : Sekilas tentang Pemikiran J�rgen Habermas." al-Balagh : Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi 1, no. 1 (June 8, 2016): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/balagh.v1i1.45.
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Benefiting from Jrgen Habermas, an intellectual figure, the study intends to answer two key questions. How is Jrgen Habermas epistemologic construction, and what is communicative actions in Habermas concept? The answers are next going to include the basic critical theories of Habermas. The beginning part the writing is intended to be the starting point of understanding Habermas thought by placing Habermas basic epistemology as a basic concept purposed afterward. The writing concludes that the concept of Habermas communicative actions is an anchor for all of Habermas social theories.Keywords: Jrgen Habermas, Action Rationality, Communicative Action.
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Clifford, James. "After Writing Culture:After Writing Culture: Epistemology and Praxis in Contemporary Anthropology." American Anthropologist 101, no. 3 (September 1999): 643–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.1999.101.3.643.
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Quinton, Anthony. "Two Kinds of Social Epistemology." Episteme 1, no. 1 (June 2004): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/epi.2004.1.1.7.
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Social Epistemology arose from the recognition that nearly all that we believe or claim to know is second hand and derived from the speech or writing of others. The “we” of “our knowledge” here is, of course, “educated members of advanced industrial societies”. Our remoter, but still identifiably, human ancestors, without speech or writing, picked up such knowledge or belief as they had on their own, apart from what they may have leant from the reactions of others to the presence of quarry or danger. Palaeolithic man, having mastered speech, had access to plenty of second hand knowledge. But it was only of what the people he directly met could tell him. With writing a vast new range of informants is brought into play. Clay tablets and papyrus rolls give way to codices – in other words, books – and another gigantic step forward is made with the invention of printing. We would appear to be going through a comparable information revolution at the present day. We, as defined above, either posses or have ready access to a vast assemblage of common knowledge, actual or claimed. How are we to rationally to decide how much of this we are to accept? It is obviously not all worthy, or equally worthy of acceptance.
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Pond, Kristen A. "Harriet Martineau’s Epistemology of Gossip." Nineteenth-Century Literature 69, no. 2 (September 1, 2014): 175–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ncl.2014.69.2.175.
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Kristen A. Pond, “Harriet Martineau’s Epistemology of Gossip” (pp. 175–207) This essay is a fresh examination of Harriet Martineau’s only domestic novel, Deerbrook (1838). Though the novel seems like an interruption to those writings considered more typical of the author, and more successful, this essay traces the way in which Deerbrook’s preoccupation with epistemology connects it in important ways to the rest of Martineau’s oeuvre. While in most of her writing Martineau gives preference to what the Victorians considered to be empirical and rational ways of knowing, in Deerbrook she focuses on more typically feminized knowledge forms that rely on speculation and intuition, in particular the discourse of gossip. This essay argues that gossip’s main function in Deerbrook is not as plot device or didactic warning; rather, it functions as an epistemological category that challenges Enlightenment presumptions to certain knowledge. Read as a source of knowledge rather than a female vice, gossip becomes the tool through which Martineau raises the possibility of alternative forms of knowledge that might counter, or at least complicate, assumptions about what constitutes certain truth and right knowledge.
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Weyand, Larkin, Brent Goff, and George Newell. "The Social Construction of Warranting Evidence in Two Classrooms." Journal of Literacy Research 50, no. 1 (February 19, 2018): 97–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1086296x17751173.
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This study examines how instructional conversations revealed the ways two teachers’ argumentative epistemologies (ideational and social process) shaped literacy events focused on the warranting of evidence. A microethnographic study of the literacy events within each teacher’s respective instructional unit revealed that each teacher’s epistemology shaped how students were asked to consider differing sources, relevancy, and sufficiency for warranting evidence within the context of writing extended argumentative essays. Events within an ideational epistemology required students to generate warrants as ideas to be applied to arguments in on-demand writing situations. Within a social process epistemology, students constructed warrants as a social practice appropriate for a specific rhetorical context. Each teacher supported his or her students in developing differing understandings of the nature of warranting. These findings highlight the importance of analyzing the teaching and learning of argumentative writing not only as written products of instruction but as a socialization into argumentative writing practices.
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Dwivedi, Om Prakash. "Stereotyped Epistemology: Post-Millennial Indian Writing in English." Intertexts 25, no. 1-2 (2021): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/itx.2021.0004.
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Pitts, Andrea J. "Gloria E. Anzaldúa's Autohistoria‐teoría as an Epistemology of Self‐Knowledge/Ignorance." Hypatia 31, no. 2 (2016): 352–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hypa.12235.
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In this article, I examine the relationship between self‐knowledge practices among women of color and structural patterns of ignorance by offering an analysis of Gloria E. Anzaldúa's discussions of self‐writing. I propose that by writing about her own experiences in a manner that hails others to critically interrogate their own identities, Anzaldúa develops important theoretical resources for understanding self‐knowledge, self‐ignorance, and practices of knowing others. In particular, I claim that in her later writings, Anzaldúa offers a rich epistemological account of these themes through her notion of autohistoria‐teoría. The notion of autohistoria‐teoría demonstrates that self‐knowledge practices, like all knowledge practices, are social and relational. Moreover, such self‐knowledge practices require contestation and affirmation as well, including, resistance and productive friction.
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Jin, Wen, and Liu Daxian. "Double Writing: Aku Wuwu and the Epistemology of Chinese Writing in the Americas." Amerasia Journal 38, no. 2 (January 2012): 44–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17953/amer.38.2.gpv1418774372124.
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Palsson, Gisli, Allison James, Jenny Hockey, and Andrew Dawson. "After Writing Culture: Epistemology and Praxis in Contemporary Anthropology." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 4, no. 4 (December 1998): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3034852.
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Baackmann, Susanne. "The Epistemology of Writing Childhood: Hans-Ulrich Treichel'sDer Verlorene." German Quarterly 90, no. 1 (January 2017): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gequ.12022.
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Bunzl, Matti. "After Writing Culture: Epistemology and Praxis in Contemporary Anthropology." American Ethnologist 26, no. 1 (February 1999): 260–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ae.1999.26.1.260.
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Mahé, Anne-Laure. "Aligning Epistemology and Writing: A Literary Analysis of Qualitative Research." International Studies Perspectives 20, no. 3 (May 6, 2019): 226–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isp/ekz004.
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AbstractThis article examines writing as the last link in the epistemology-theory-methodology alignment. Although political scientists dedicate a great deal of their time to writing, conversations on this topic remain scarce within international relations and political science overall. Notably absent are analyses of the actual writing choices scholars make and what these mean for the knowledge they produce. This article uses the tools of literary analysis to take a closer look at the mechanics of three published academic articles in the fields of international relations and comparative politics. It focuses on how qualitative interviews are written, demonstrates how authors can conceal or reveal the dialogical dimension, and examines how they deal with the conundrum of the representation of research participants. This kind of reflexive analysis reveals the epistemological foundations of a given research article and can be used to identify instances of misrepresentation and misalignment. As such, it is an important tool for the improvement of academic writing.
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Ringo, Rano, and Jasmine Sharma. "Reading a Feminist Epistemology in Margaret Atwood’s MaddAddam." ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 17, no. 1 (June 19, 2020): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.17.1.111-124.
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This paper proposes an epistemological interpretation of Margaret Atwood’s MaddAddam (2013). Set in a post-anthropocene world, Atwood’s biopunk work indicates the rise of posthumanism after the “Waterless Flood” that proves apocalyptic. This interpretation is attempted through emphasis on the protagonist Toby’s practice of epistemic writing and her art of storytelling. Divided into two major sections, the article illustrates a revival of an epistemological feminist subculture. The first section discusses the significance of a feminist standpoint in unravelling posthuman reality. It describes Toby’s epistemological endeavor to enlighten the Crakers and enrich their bioengineered minds with the story of their creation. The second section builds upon the idea of bisexual writing and Toby as its prime progenerator and practitioner. The conclusion remarks on the relevance of feminist epistemology in integrating the two communities in the post-anthropocene.
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Khan, M. A. Muqtedar. "Islam and Epistemology." American Journal of Islam and Society 16, no. 3 (October 1, 1999): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v16i3.2104.
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On February 27, 1999, the International Institute of Islamic Thought0 hosted a symposium titled “Islam and Epistemology.” The seminarinvited many scholars and philosophers to discuss Mehdi Ha’iri Yazdi’sbook, The Principles of Epistemology in Islamic Philosophy.‘ The mpe ofthe presentation and discussion was not limited to the contents of the book.Indeed, the book was used as 8 launching pad for discussions on issuesrelated to epistemology, Islamic sciences, Islamic philosophy, the tensionsbetween reason and nxelation, and the differences between the legalisticapproach and the philosophical approach. It also raised interesting debatesabout the similarities and differences between Westem-secular and humanist-social sciences and the theocentric discourses of Muslims.The seminar also doubled as the Second Conference of the ContemporaryIslamic Philosophers. Two doctoml students, myself from GeorgetownUniversity and Ejaz Akram from Catholic University, organized the firstconference in May 1998, at which time we called for a new discourse? Weargued that contemporary Islamic philosophy had become too engagedwith writing and rewriting the history of medieval Islamic philosophy withoutactually doing philosophy. So we invited Muslim intellectuals andphilosophers to reflect on the present and advance discourses that willenlighten and improve the present human condition. We argued thatIslamic philosophers should play the role of social critics and public intellectualsand assist in thinking of old ideas in new terms and new ideas inold terms. This seminar, in a similar vein, was designed to point the attentionof Islamic thinkers toward the need for an empowering and transformativeepistemology for contemporary Muslims?At the seminar, five speakem, each from a different backgmund, madeformal presentations. Over 35 students of Islamic philosophy came to theseminar from Virginia, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, New York &and California. Each presentation sought to explore the relationship ...
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Francis, Samuel. "‘A Marriage of Freud and Euclid’: Psychotic Epistemology in The Atrocity Exhibition and Crash." Humanities 8, no. 2 (May 14, 2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h8020093.
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The writings of J.G. Ballard respond to the sciences in multiple ways; as such his (early) writing may productively be discussed as science fiction. However, the theoretical discipline to which he publicly signalled most allegiance, psychoanalysis, is one whose status in relation to science is highly contested and complex. In the 1960s Ballard signalled publicly in his non-fiction writing a belief in psychoanalysis as a science, a position in keeping with psychoanalysis’ contemporary status as the predominant psychological paradigm. Various early Ballard stories enact psychoanalytic theories, while the novel usually read as his serious debut, The Drowned World, aligns itself allusively with an oft-cited depiction by Freud of the revelatory and paradigm-changing nature of the psychoanalytic project. Ballard’s enthusiastic embrace of psychoanalysis in his early 1960s fiction mutated into a fascinatingly delirious vision in some of his most experimental work of the late 1960s and early 1970s of a fusion of psychoanalysis with the mathematical sciences. This paper explores how this ‘Marriage of Freud and Euclid’ is played out in its most systematic form in The Atrocity Exhibition and its successor Crash. By his late career Ballard was acknowledging problems raised over psychoanalysis’ scientific status in the positivist critique of Karl Popper and the work of various combatants in the ‘Freud Wars’ of the 1990s; Ballard at this stage seemed to move towards agreement with interpretations of Freud as a literary or philosophical figure. However, despite making pronouncements reflecting changes in dominant cultural appraisals of Freud, Ballard continued in his later writings to extrapolate the fictive and interpretative possibilities of Freudian and post-Freudian ideas. This article attempts to develop a deeper understanding of Ballard’s ‘scientific’ deployment of psychoanalysis in The Atrocity Exhibition and Crash within the context of a more fully culturally-situated understanding of psychoanalysis’ relationship to science, and thereby to create new possibilities for understanding the meanings of Ballard’s writing within culture at large.
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Jessen Williamson, Karla. "Uumasuusivissuaq: Spirit and Indigenous Writing." in education 20, no. 2 (June 20, 2014): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.37119/ojs2014.v20i2.168.
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The scholarship on Indigenous peoples is deeply steeped in colonization and often assumes a Western perspective. I start this article with my poetry as a female kalaaleq (Inuk from Greenland) poet. I contextualize my writing through discussions on praxis and new knowledge creation through poetry. In this article, I argue for a process of decolonization of written, academic knowledge on Indigenous peoples by inviting Indigenous writers to consider writing in poetry form, which comes from giftedness of inner soul-namely the spirit.Keywords: epistemology; narrative; Inuit worldview; decolonization; praxis
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Utomo, Sigit Tri, and Nur Alfi Mu’anayah. "Epistemology of Islamic Education Al-Jabiri Perspective of the Conservative-Modernist-Neo Modernist Flow and Burhani-Bayani-Irfani." International Journal Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din 22, no. 2 (December 3, 2020): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/ihya.22.2.5673.
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<em>This research is a qualitative study using a library approach, the object is the epistemology of Islamic education, conservative-modernist-neo-modernist and burhani-bayani-irfani. The data collection method in this research uses literature study. In this stage, the researcher tries to select data (books) in the epistemology of Islamic education, conservative-modernist-neo-modernist and burhani-bayani-irfani. In this writing, the analysis used with hermeneutics, namely the author explains that behind the text there is context meaning or behind the explicit meaning there is an explicit meaning if interpreted literally can be interpreted as an interpretation or interpretation of the epistemology of Islamic education, conservative-modernist-neo-modernist and burhani-bayani- irfani. The author also uses content analysis, namely research conducted on information documented in recordings, both images, sounds, writing and others. With this method, data analysis and scientific processing will be carried out on the epistemological content of Islamic education, the conservative-modernist-neo-modernist and burhani-bayani-irfani schools. The results showed that science continues to develop throughout the history of thought such as rational flow of viewing educational activities as actualizing the potentials of individuals so that according to this flow the essence of education is the transformation of various potential potentials into actual abilities. The success of the transformation of the various potentials that exist in this rational flow, is largely determined by how much the optimization of the functions of sense powers and ratios. Baby epistemology is an epistemology that emphasizes the authority of the text as an indicator of truth. Reason in this epistemology is only as a support text and does not have a good space or in other words lower when compared to the text. In object Bayani tradition can be seen in fiqh. Second, Burhani epistemology is knowledge gained from demonstrative analogies which in this case gives the role of reason and senses in human beings. Third, the epistemologist irfani is knowledge gathered from the human heart.</em>
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Byrne, Peter. "Reidianism in Contemporary English-Speaking Religious Epistemology." European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 3, no. 2 (September 23, 2011): 267–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24204/ejpr.v3i2.396.
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This paper explores the main contours of recent work in English-speaking philosophy of religion on the justi cation of religious belief. It sets out the main characteristics of the religious epistemologies of such writers as Alston, Plantinga, and Swinburne. It poses and seeks to answer the question of how far any or all of these epistemologies are indebted or similar to the epistemology of the Scottish enlightenment thinker Thomas Reid. It concludes that while there are some links to Reid in recent writing, contemporary approaches depart from Reid’s views on the specific topic of the justification of religious belief.
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Yunita, Kurnia, Sugiatno Sugiatno, and Dede Suratman. "PENGGUNAAN THREE-TIER TEST UNTUK MENGUNGKAP HAMBATAN EPISTEMOLOGI DALAM MATERI SPLDV." Jurnal AlphaEuclidEdu 1, no. 1 (July 31, 2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/ja.v1i1.41648.
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This research is aimed to describe the epistemology obstacle using the three-tier test in SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Pontianak. The method that used in this research is qualitative descriptive with the form of a survey. The subject is 33 students from grade 9 of SMP Muhammadiyah Pontianak academic year 2019/2020. The result from this research showed that the three-tier test instrument can reveal students epistemology obstacles based on the indicator. Conceptual obstacle could reveal that students still lacking in constructing mathematics models. It happened because students still make mistakes in presupposing and confuse in reasoning. The procedural obstacle could reveal that incompatibility in question completion steps and the inability to complete the question in a very simple form. It happened because the students working process is different from the direction in the question, students are not able to complete and do the questions. The technical operational obstacle could reveal that errors in calculating numbers from the sum of integers operation and errors in variable writing, writing incomplete steps and errors in switching the constants or the variables from previous steps.Keywords: Three-tier Test, epistemology obstacle, SPLDV
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Froeyman, Anton. "Virtues of Historiography." Journal of the Philosophy of History 6, no. 3 (2012): 415–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18722636-12341239.
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Abstract In this paper, I take up Herman Paul’s suggestion to analyze the process of writing history in terms of virtues. In contrast to Paul, however, I argue that the concept of virtue used here should not be based on virtue epistemology, but rather on virtue ethics. The reason is that virtue epistemology is discriminative towards non-cognitive virtues and incompatible with the Ankersmitian/Whitean view of historiography as a multivocal path from historical reality to historical representation. Virtue ethics on the other hand, more specifically those forms of virtue ethics which emphasize the uncodifiability thesis, is very capable of providing such an account. In order to make this somewhat more concrete, I distinguish four important traits of virtue ethics, and I try to make clear how these can be interpreted with respect to the writing of history.
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Wang, Fei. "Linguistic and Epistemology Challenges in Research Writing: An Exploratory Study of Chinese Graduate Students’ Academic Writing Experiences." International Journal of Language and Linguistics 7, no. 6 (2019): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20190706.11.
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Chen, Jack W. "Blank Spaces and Secret Histories: Questions of Historiographic Epistemology in Medieval China." Journal of Asian Studies 69, no. 4 (November 2010): 1071–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911810002883.
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Historiography has long been concerned with the problem of determining standards for evidence. For traditional Chinese historians, it was Confucius who provided the model for historical writing. As the attributed author of the Springs and Autumns, Confucius demonstrated qualities of narratival restraint, historical factuality, moral profundity, and a refusal to engage in idle speculation. Of course, his model was not an easy one to emulate, and later historical writings have drawn on both the factual records of the imperial court (which were not always factual or free of ideological interests) and nonofficial sources, such as private accounts, anecdotal literature, and hearsay. The present essay focuses on this intersection between anecdotal sources and historiography. This is precisely the point when historiography must reflect on its narrative condition, as narrative has interests other than factuality or moral truth. The author shows how the historiographic anxiety over unreliable sources has often coexisted with a fascination with anecdotal stories and gossip.
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MILLER, GORDON L. "Literacy and the Hippocratic Art:Reading, Writing, and Epistemology in Ancient Greek Medicine." Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 45, no. 1 (1990): 11–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/45.1.11.
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Plappert, Garry. "Candidate Knowledge? Exploring epistemic claims in scientific writing: a corpus-driven approach." Corpora 12, no. 3 (November 2017): 425–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cor.2017.0127.
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In this paper, I argue that the study of the linguistic aspects of epistemology has become unhelpfully concentrated on the corpus-based study of hedging and that a corpus-driven approach can help to improve upon this. Through focussing on a corpus of texts from one discourse community (that of genetics) and identifying frequent tri-lexical clusters containing highly frequent lexical items that are identified as keywords, I undertake an inductive analysis identifying patterns of epistemic significance. Several of these patterns are shown to be hedging devices and the whole corpus frequencies of the most salient of these, candidate and putative, are then compared to the whole corpus frequencies for comparable wordforms and clusters of epistemic significance. Finally I interviewed a ‘friendly geneticist’ in order to check my interpretation of some of the terms used and to get an expert interpretation of the overall findings. I argue that the highly unexpected patterns of hedging found in genetics demonstrate the value of adopting a corpus-driven approach and constitute an advance in our current understanding of how to approach the relationship between language and epistemology.
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Vali, Abbas. "Nationalism and Kurdish Historical Writing." New Perspectives on Turkey 14 (1996): 23–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0896634600006233.
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No ideology needs history so much as nationalism. History is indispensable to its romantic narrative, essentialist conceptual structure and apocalyptic claim to truth. Nationalist discourse is historicist; it relies on genealogy for the legitimation of the nationalist cause, on the historicization of the national origin for the affirmation of the self and the denial of the other. But history is also the Achilles heel of nationalism. Nationalist historical discourse is repeatedly denounced by historians for distorting the truth, misrepresenting the historical reality of the formation of nations and nation-states. Nationalist historians are criticized for being subjective, partisan and ideological by “objective” and seemingly non-ideological historians who likewise construct historical narratives by selecting and at times inventing historical subjects and historicizing their thoughts and actions. Many of the charges levelled against nationalist historiography concern the epistemology of empiricist historiography in general, and all historiography which is concerned with extracting the truth from given facts on the assumption that they are identical with the real signified by them is by definition empiricist. This is as true as the errors of nationalist historiography.
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Wildavsky, Aaron. "Keeping Kosher: The Epistemology of Tax Expenditures." Journal of Public Policy 5, no. 3 (August 1985): 413–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x00003196.
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Not long ago, I found myself at an athletic breakfast. Having long supported a broader-based, lower-rate income tax, with fewer tax preferences, I was dismayed to discover a letter from an administrator requesting all present to protest against the new reform on the grounds that by weakening tax preferences it would reduce contributions to the University in general and sports in particular. To this special interest – all interests are special to those who care about them – one can add, among numerous others, museums, opera companies, and sports franchises. Indeed, until I started writing this review, I was unaware of how tax preferences help increase the salaries of athletes. These franchises make substantial income from box seats bought by corporations that can write them off as business expenses. Absent this subsidy, franchise income, hence allowable salaries, would be less. Do we want to subsidize athletes? Or owners? How is this to be avoided while protecting the busboys, waiters, and other people who depend on the ablity of businessmen to write off meals and drinks?
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Gatti, Gabriel, María Martínez, and María del Carmen Peñaranda-Cólera. "La “técnica” de la desaparición (The “technique” of disappearance)." Oñati Socio-legal Series 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 252–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1026.
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Partiendo de la idea de que toda generación de conocimiento ha de responder satisfactoriamente al trípode epistemología-metodología-técnica, en este texto argumentamos que esa tríada no se cumple en las investigaciones sobre desaparición en las que, habiendo excelentes reflexiones epistemológicas y metodológicas sobre las dificultades del objeto, no hay traducción técnica que les corresponda. Nuestra propuesta es, así, tomar ejemplos virtuosos de técnicas de investigación en trabajos sobre desaparición forzada y desaparición social para indagar en posibles propuestas técnicas que completen adecuadamente la tríada epistemología-metodología-técnica. Este repaso nos permite proponer la necesidad de un acercamiento técnico a este campo de estudios que ponga en el centro ciertas estrategias sensitivas; entre ellas, destacan dos: una aproximación técnica afectada y una forma de escritura minuciosa y detallada. Based on the idea that all knowledge production has to respond satisfactorily to the tripod epistemology-methodology-technique, in this text we argue that that triad is not fulfilled in researches on disappearance. In that area of research there are great epistemological and methodological reflections on the difficulties of the object, but not technical translation that corresponds to them. Our proposal is, thus, to take some virtuoso examples of research techniques in works on enforced disappearance and social disappearance to explore possible technical proposals that would adequately complete the triad epistemology-methodology-technique. This review allows us to propose the need of a technical approach to this study field that put in the center some sensitive strategies; among them, we underline two: an affected technical approach and a meticulous and detailed writing style.
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Atasoy, Şengül, and Osman Küçük. "Development of Eighth Grade Students’ Epistemological Beliefs through Writing-to-Learn Activities." Journal of Science Learning 3, no. 2 (March 4, 2020): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jsl.v3i2.20573.
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The aim of the present study was to develop the epistemological beliefs of eighth grade students through writing-to-learn (WTL) activities. A one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental research design was utilized in the study. The sample group consisted of a total of 18 eighth grade students, attending a secondary school in the rural part of Trabzon in Turkey. To improve the epistemological beliefs of students, WTL activities were developed and utilized in the "Matter and its Structure" unit of the science subject. Each WTL activity focused on one dimension of epistemology, such as source of knowledge, organization of knowledge, certainty of knowledge, speed of learning, and learning control. The WTL activities in the study were conducted throughout a total of 24 lessons. Semi-structured interviews were employed to collect data. Beliefs regarding each dimension of epistemology were identified to be at the level of absolutist, multiplist or evaluatist by means of the "Epistemological Belief Levels Rubric". The findings of the study revealed that the WTL activities increased students’ levels of the epistemological beliefs. Hence, students’ epistemological beliefs can be developed further by dwelling more on the history of science unit within the subject of science by raising students’ awareness.
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Ravindran, Aisha, Jing Li, and Steve Marshall. "Learning Ethnography Through Doing Ethnography: Two Student—Researchers’ Insights." International Journal of Qualitative Methods 19 (January 1, 2020): 160940692095129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1609406920951295.
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In this article, we present the accounts of the field experiences and challenges of two graduate student-researchers practising ethnographic methodology, conducting fieldwork, and writing up “post-modern” ethnographies that are both creative and “integrative”. We describe the complexities and tensions when two student-researchers negotiated many issues in the field and “behind the desk” as they transformed the texts: epistemology and ontology, reflexivity and auto-ethnography, and writing researchers and participants in and out of accounts. We conclude with a discussion on pedagogical implications, and consider the value of learning ethnography through doing ethnography.
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Stanley, Liz, and Sue Wise. "Putting it into Practice: Using Feminist Fractured Foundationalism in Researching Children in the Concentration Camps of the South African War." Sociological Research Online 11, no. 1 (April 2006): 14–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.1121.
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Feminist fractured foundationalism has been developed over a series of collaborative writings as a combined epistemology and methodology, although it has mainly been discussed in epistemological terms. It was operationalised as a methodology in a joint research project in South Africa concerned with investigating two important ways that the experiences of children in the South African War 1899-1902, in particular in the concentration camps established during its commando and ‘scorched earth’ phase, were represented contemporaneously: in the official records, and in photography. The details of the research and writing process involved are provided around discussion of the nine strategies that compose feminist fractured foundationalism and its strengths and limitations in methodological terms are reviewed.
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Granado, Michael. "Scientific Epistemology: Exploring the Primacy of Science in the Writing of Gaston Bachelard." Res Philosophica 98, no. 3 (2021): 453–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11612/resphil.2060.
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Girault, Bénédicte. "From Didactics to the Epistemology of History A Shared Reflexivity." Annales (English ed.) 70, no. 01 (March 2015): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2398568200001084.
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Abstract Behind the complex issue of the relationship between the professionalization of teacher training and the spaces where academic and disciplinary knowledge is produced lie questions about the very nature of historical research. This paper suggests that the reflexive practices of professional historians and of those who teach history can be a meeting ground for scientific, didactic, and pedagogical questions that concern secondary schools and universities alike. In terms of the training of future history teachers, this implies combining the acquisition of historical knowledge and a personal, hands-on experience of researching and writing history from the very beginning of the learning process.
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Ahmad, Ahmad. "EPISTEMOLOGI ILMU-ILMU TASAWUF." Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Ushuluddin 14, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18592/jiu.v14i1.685.
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As all religions have their mysticism, Islamic mysticism is well known as Sufism. In its development, many schools ofSufism appeared and they had been influenced by several religions and beliefs around such as Christian, Buddhism,Hinduism, Gnotisism, etc. This article tends to tell about Islamic Mysticism and its epistemology. It will be discussedabout the definition of Sufism, its schools, its objects, and ways to get it. The writing classified kinds of IslamicMysticism too into three types, Tasawuf Akhlaki, Tasawuf Amali, and Tasawuf Falsafi. Each type has thecertain character. In the end, it will be explained how to know the validity of Sufism.
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Young, Katharine. "Perspectives on Embodiment: The Uses of Narrativity in Ethnographic Writing." Journal of Narrative and Life History 1, no. 2-3 (January 1, 1991): 213–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jnlh.1.2-3.08per.
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Abstract Take as pivotal in anthropological discourse the invention of the category of the Other. Once invented, the category conjures up another realm, a realm inhabited by the Other and estranged from the realm of the self. Ethnographic writings are then constructed to get access to the Other. At issue, then, are how realms of experience are constellated with respect to each other, how they communicate, and how they coalesce. One name for these realm relations is dialogism. Under a dialogic description, the boundaries between self and Other become blurred, along with the boundaries between the universes of discourse they inhabit. Eth-nographic writings formulate relationships between realms in terms of conven-tions of perspective and voice. These conventions are anchored in the body. In particular, a hierarchy of modalities of perception informs a social scientific epistemology. In this article, the realm status of self and Other in anthropological discourse is investigated in three perspectives: the objective, the subjective, and what I call the intersubjective. Problems of access turn out to be artifacts of our invention of the category of the Other. (Ethnographic Writing)
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Hossein, Caroline Shenaz. "A Black Epistemology for the Social and Solidarity Economy: The Black Social Economy." Review of Black Political Economy 46, no. 3 (July 26, 2019): 209–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034644619865266.
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A Black epistemology in economics is needed to bring ethics back into business. Contributions of racialized people in the economy are ignored. Black and racialized scholars also find that their work is not cited, even by the most liberal-minded social economists. In the Americas, Black and racialized citizens innovate in the social and solidarity economy; yet their work goes unnoticed in the academic literature, or scholars approach them as the “Other” without invoking theory that reflects the very people they are writing about. Although the ills of neoliberal variants of capitalism are known, the diverse economies in which Black folk engage are less understood. Forcing White and European ideas on a non-White experience is limited in what it can do effect social change. Nor can we sever the Western ideologies in the field because it is this very bias why the Black radical tradition and other Black theories come into being. There is no shortage of Black writings on solidarity economics and they can now be housed in Black social economy. A Black social economy epistemology is politicized for goodness, and it is grounded theory, inclusive of the Black radical tradition, and lived experience because of the explanatory powers of these theoretical approaches to disrupt mainstream business and society.
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Enderle, Jonathan Scott. "Common Knowledge: Epistemology and the Beginnings of Copyright Law." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 131, no. 2 (March 2016): 289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2016.131.2.289.
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Literary critics' engagement with copyright law has often emphasized ontological questions about the relation between idealized texts and their material embodiments. This essay turns toward a different set of questions—about the role of texts in the communication of knowledge. Developing an alternative intellectual genealogy of copyright law grounded in the eighteenth-century contest between innatism and empiricism, I argue that jurists like William Blackstone and poets like Edward Young drew on Locke's theories of ideas to articulate a new understanding of writing as uncommunicative expression. Innatists understood texts as tools that could enable transparent communication through a shared stock of innate ideas, but by denying the existence of innate ideas empiricists called the possibility of communication into question. And in their arguments for perpetual copyright protection, eighteenth-century jurists and pamphleteers pushed empiricism to its extreme, linking literary and economic value to the least communicative aspects of a text.
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Arifin, Zaenal. "Kajian Ilmu Rasm Usmani dalam Mushaf Al-Qur’an Standar Usmani Indonesia." SUHUF 6, no. 1 (November 8, 2015): 35–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22548/shf.v6i1.34.
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This writing will answer the skeptical attitude of some people about the authenticity of the Othmani Mushaf Al-Qur’an with the Othmani standard of Indonesia from the aspect of narration and its scientific epistemology. The method being used in this research is descriptive analysis. After being observed from some sources and being analyzed by some literature studies, either epistemologically or narrative, the Mushaf al Qur’an with Othmani standard is still referring to the basic of the pattern of the writing of the Mushaf al Qur’an with the Othmani writing and is still in accord with it. In the field of the science of writing the Mushaf (Rasm) is still in the corridor of the agreement which is embodied in the 6 principles of the basic principles of the science of writing of the Othmani, and all are still consistently followed and thus, the argument of the al-Itqan by as-Suyuti (w. 911 H) which is considered to be “less authoritative†in the field of writing the Mushaf of the Qur’an can be defeated.
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Adam, Alison. "Exploring the gender question in critical information systems." Journal of Information Technology 17, no. 2 (June 2002): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02683960210145959.
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This paper addresses ways in which theorizing gender may be important in forming an understanding of the topic of emancipation, which is central to the new critical information systems (IS) based on the thinking of Habermas. After briefly discussing some problems with current research on gender and IS the paper argues that appropriate feminist theory may be useful in augmenting our understanding of foundational issues such as emancipation. The development of feminist philosophy and epistemology is briefly introduced. Habermas’ ‘ideal speech situation’ is problematized in relation to feminist writing on male and female communication juxtaposed with recent research in computer-mediated communications. The paper continues by exploring the concept of emancipation through feminist epistemology and it closes with a preliminary consideration of how these concerns may be applied to critical IS.
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Hultin, Eva. "Barn som demokratiska agenter i skolans skriftspråkspraktiker. Att lära av och med barn och unga i skolan." Utbildning & Demokrati – tidskrift för didaktik och utbildningspolitk 29, no. 2 (January 1, 2020): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.48059/uod.v29i2.1144.
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In this article, a call is made for educational research starting from a transactional epistemology in order to explore the conditions and prerequisites for realising the desirable in educational practices (Biesta, 2010). Furthermore, two ethnographic studies, conducted with such an approach, are presented. The first study explores the democratic, deliberative qualities of writing processes, where a teacher and six children write a common narrative. The second study explores children’s agency when writing individual narratives. Both studies show how educational practices, in this case literacy activities, in school can be the place for children to make democratic experience and having agency when children and their initiatives are taken seriously.
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Reynolds, Michael, and Ronald E. Martin. "American Literature and the Destruction of Knowledge: Innovative Writing in the Age of Epistemology." American Literature 65, no. 1 (March 1993): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2928110.
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d’Andrea Crano, Ricky. "NEOLIBERAL EPISTEMOLOGY AND THE TRUTH IN FAKE NEWS (SELF-WRITING/SELF-ENTERPRISE/SELF-CONTROL)." Angelaki 23, no. 5 (September 3, 2018): 11–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0969725x.2018.1513195.
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Rotella, Guy. "American Literature and the Destruction of Knowledge: Innovative Writing in the Age of Epistemology." Studies in American Fiction 21, no. 2 (1993): 247–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/saf.1993.0000.
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Mercescu, Alexandra. "Change of style, change of mind: lawyers’ writing manners." International Journal of Law in Context 15, no. 03 (September 2019): 310–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744552319000302.
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AbstractThis paper explores the relationship between style and epistemology as regards the discipline of law – especially in the Romanistic tradition – and, more specifically, its resistance to interdisciplinarity. Drawing on literary theory and discourse analysis literature, the first part of this paper examines the notion of ‘style’ in relation to academic disciplines. It argues that the variety of writing styles reflects the various epistemologies underlying the different disciplinary discourses and makes interdisciplinarity difficult to implement in general. The second part of this study borrows Roland Barthes's distinction between ‘readerly’ and ‘writerly’ texts in order to show that lawyers’ writing manners hinder the ability of law to connect with other disciplines. Against the background of the two sections, this contribution will finally include a discussion on what could be done to enhance law(yers)’s capability for interdisciplinary thinking, concluding that style might be not so insignificant a place to start with.
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Shatalov, Y. "STANLEY J. GRENZ’S THEOLOGICAL METHOD: A POSTFOUNDATIONAL EPISTEMOLOGY." INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS IN MODERN SCIENCE 4, no. 23 (July 16, 2018): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.26886/2414-634x.4(23)2018.15.
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In the present article, I have examined the communitarian theological method of Stanley J. Grenz. The article was dedicated to outlining Grenz’s overall proposal for reshaping evangelical theology along communitarian lines due to a major cultural shift from modernity to postmodernity. To his mind, evangelical scholars can benefit the most in their theologizing from this communitarian methodological orientation. Drawing on the works of other postfoundational scholars and my personal research in the Eastern European context, I have suggested revising certain aspects of Grenz method (in particular the structure of epistemology, the question of language and truth). Taking my conclusions as a starting point, I tried to put Grenz’s communitarian methodology into practice in order to present the contours of revisited communitarian method. I have demonstrated that contemporary evangelical theology, indeed, requires the notion of community due to biblical, theological, sociological, hermeneutical and apologetic reasons. While Grenz did not dedicate much writing to such questions as relationship between theology and Tradition (an exception is his work on the role of Tradition in postfoundational epistemology, unto which I drew), I have expanded them following his overall emphases. Therefore, I have concluded that Grenz’s communitarian methodology can be applied well to theology if certain aspects could be revised.Key words: Stanley J. Grenz, theological method, evangelical theology, postfoundational epistemology, concept of community.
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Edgar, Scott. "The Explanatory Structure of the Transcendental Deduction and a Cognitive Interpretation of the First Critique." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 40, no. 2 (June 2010): 285–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cjp.2010.0007.
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Consider two competing interpretations of Kant's Critique of Pure Reason: the epistemic and cognitive interpretations. The epistemic interpretation presents the first Critique as a work of epistemology, but what is more, it sees Kant as an early proponent of anti-psychologism — the view that descriptions of how the mind works are irrelevant for epistemology. Even if Kant does not always manage to purge certain psychological- sounding idioms from his writing, the epistemic interpretation has it, he is perfectly clear that he means his evaluation of knowledge to be carried out independently of psychology. In contrast, the cognitive interpretation presents the first Critique as a description of the operation of human cognitive faculties — sensibility, the understanding, and reason. Whatever else the first Critique might be on this interpretation, it is at least Kant's articulation of a theory of mind.
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Arifin, Zainal. "Kajian Ilmu Rasm Usmani dalam Mushaf Al-Qur’an Standar Usmani Indonesia." SUHUF 5, no. 1 (November 5, 2015): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22548/shf.v5i1.47.
Full textAbstract:
This writing will answer the skeptical attitude of some people about the authenticity of the Othmani Mushaf Al-Qur’an with the Othmani standard of Indonesia from the aspect of narration and its scientific epistemology. The method being used in this research is descriptive analysis. After being observed from some sources and being analyzed by some literature studies, either epistemologically or narrative, the Mushaf al Qur’an with Othmani standard is still referring to the basic of the pattern of the writing of the Mushaf al Qur’an with the Othmani writing and is still in accord with it. In the field of the science of writing the Mushaf (Rasm) is still in the corridor of the agreement which is embodied in the 6 principles of the basic principles of the science of writing of the Othmani, and all are still consistently followed and thus, the argument of the al-Itq±n by as-Suyuti (w. 911 H) which is considered to be “less authoritative†in the field of writing the Mushaf of the Qur’an can be defeated.
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Birckhead, Jim. "Monitored Lives: Writing Indigenous Land Management and the State (Part One)." Practicing Anthropology 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.23.1.kl705833845056h5.
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Anthropologists in Australia are becoming increasingly involved in government contract work on Indigenous land tenure and management issues, most of which require some ‘expert’ input to help authenticate cultural identity and establish connection to ‘country’. In this paper I have reviewed some issues and themes drawn from my uneven and serendipitous work as an anthropologist. This work has been done as both an academic and practitioner, over the past couple of decades on Indigenous land tenure, hunting, management, and ranger training at this dynamic and contentious interface between Indigenous cultural processes and government agencies. My aim is to raise questions of both ethics and epistemology and to reflect on the work of the anthropologist in these domains, without attempting to systematically cover all of the possible issues.