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1

Consolaro, Alberto. "The four mechanisms of dental resorption initiation." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 18, no. 3 (2013): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2176-94512013000300004.

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The aim of this study is to present a classification with a clinical application for root resorption, so that diagnosis will be more objective and immediately linked to the source of the problem, leading the clinician to automatically develop the likely treatment plan with a precise prognosis. With this purpose, we suggest putting together all diagnosed dental resorptions into one of these four criteria: 1) Root resorption caused by cementoblast cell death, with preservation of the Malassez epithelial rests. 2) Root resorption by cementoblasts and Malassez epithelial rests death. 3) Dental resorption by odontoblasts cell death with preservation of pulp vitality. 4) Dental resorption by direct exposure of dentin to gingival connective tissue at the cementoenamel junction gaps.
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2

Bascones, J., and F. Llanes. "Clear cells in epithelial rests of Malassez." Oral Oncology 41, no. 1 (2005): 99–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2004.04.012.

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3

Thesleff, Irma. "Epithelial cell rests of Malassez bind epidermal growth factor intensely." Journal of Periodontal Research 22, no. 5 (1987): 419–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1987.tb01609.x.

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4

Tsunematsu, Takaaki, Natsumi Fujiwara, Maki Yoshida, et al. "Human odontogenic epithelial cells derived from epithelial rests of Malassez possess stem cell properties." Laboratory Investigation 96, no. 10 (2016): 1063–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/labinvest.2016.85.

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5

Shinmura, Yuka, Shuhei Tsuchiya, Ken-ichiro Hata, and Masaki J. Honda. "Quiescent epithelial cell rests of Malassez can differentiate into ameloblast-like cells." Journal of Cellular Physiology 217, no. 3 (2008): 728–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.21546.

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6

Hasegawa, Naohiko, Hiroyuki Kawaguchi, Tetsuji Ogawa, Takashi Uchida, and Hidemi Kurihara. "Immunohistochemical characteristics of epithelial cell rests of Malassez during cementum repair." Journal of Periodontal Research 38, no. 1 (2003): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0765.2003.01636.x.

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7

Rincon, Julio C., Yin Xiao, William G. Young, and P. Mark Bartold. "Production of osteopontin by cultured porcine epithelial cell rests of Malassez." Journal of Periodontal Research 40, no. 5 (2005): 417–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.2005.00823.x.

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8

Rincon, J. C., W. G. Young, and P. M. Bartold. "The epithelial cell rests of Malassez - a role in periodontal regeneration?" Journal of Periodontal Research 41, no. 4 (2006): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.2006.00880.x.

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9

Hamamoto, Y., T. Nakajima, and H. Ozawa. "Ultrastructure of epithelial rests of Malassez in human periodontal ligament." Archives of Oral Biology 34, no. 3 (1989): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9969(89)90005-8.

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10

Li, S., S. Ge, and P. Yang. "Expression of cytokeratins in enamel organ, junctional epithelium and epithelial cell rests of Malassez." Journal of Periodontal Research 50, no. 6 (2015): 846–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jre.12272.

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11

Xiong, Jimin, Krzysztof Mrozik, Stan Gronthos, and P. Mark Bartold. "Epithelial Cell Rests of Malassez Contain Unique Stem Cell Populations Capable of Undergoing Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition." Stem Cells and Development 21, no. 11 (2012): 2012–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/scd.2011.0471.

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12

Aida, N., T. Ushikubo, F. Kobayashi, et al. "Actin stabilization induces apoptosis in cultured porcine epithelial cell rests of Malassez." International Endodontic Journal 49, no. 7 (2015): 663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iej.12494.

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13

Nam, Hyun, Ji-Hye Kim, Jae-Won Kim, et al. "Establishment of Hertwig’s Epithelial Root Sheath/Epithelial Rests of Malassez Cell Line from Human Periodontium." Molecules and Cells 37, no. 7 (2014): 562–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14348/molcells.2014.0161.

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14

Nam, Hyun, Jaewon Kim, Jaewan Park, et al. "Expression profile of the stem cell markers in human Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath/Epithelial rests of Malassez cells." Molecules and Cells 31, no. 4 (2011): 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10059-011-0045-3.

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15

Ohshima, Mitsuhiro, Yoko Yamaguchi, Patrick Micke, Yoshimitsu Abiko, and Kichibee Otsuka. "In Vitro Characterization of the Cytokine Profile of the Epithelial Cell Rests of Malassez." Journal of Periodontology 79, no. 5 (2008): 912–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.2008.070553.

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16

Wang, Yanzhi, Linlin Lv, Xijiao Yu, Ting Zhang, and Shu Li. "The characteristics of epithelial cell rests of Malassez during tooth eruption of development mice." Journal of Molecular Histology 45, no. 1 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10735-013-9527-2.

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17

Nishio, C., R. Wazen, S. Kuroda, P. Moffatt, and A. Nanci. "Disruption of periodontal integrity induces expression of apin by epithelial cell rests of Malassez." Journal of Periodontal Research 45, no. 6 (2010): 709–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.2010.01288.x.

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18

Davis, Eric M. "A Review of the Epithelial Cell Rests of Malassez on the Bicentennial of Their Description." Journal of Veterinary Dentistry 35, no. 4 (2018): 290–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898756418811957.

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The epithelial cell rests of Malassez (ERM) were first described in 1817, yet their significance has remained an enigma for more than 200 years. Given their embryological origins and persistence in adult periodontal tissue, recent research has investigated whether the ERM could be useful as stem cells to regenerate tissues lost as a consequence of periodontitis. The objective of this review is to describe results of studies that have vigorously investigated the functional capabilities of ERM, particularly with regard to periodontal ligament homeostasis and prevention of dentoalveolar ankylosis. The significance of the ERM relative to evolution of the dental attachment apparatus will be examined. The current status of use of ERM as stem cells for dental tissue engineering and in other applications will be reviewed.
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19

Kitajima, Kayoko, Ridhima Das, Xiao Liang, et al. "Isolation and characterization of cells derived from human epithelial rests of Malassez." Odontology 107, no. 3 (2018): 291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10266-018-0397-7.

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20

Yang, Zhenhua, Yanjiao Li, Xiaojie Ma, Lin Shen, Zhihe Zhao, and Fang Jin. "Role of the Epithelial Cell Rests of Malassez in Periodontal Homeostasis and Regeneration - A Review." Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy 10, no. 5 (2015): 398–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574888x10666150312100957.

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21

Hamamoto, Y., I. Suzuki, T. Nakajima, and H. Ozawa. "Immunocytochemical localization of laminin in the epithelial rests of Malassez of immature rat molars." Archives of Oral Biology 36, no. 8 (1991): 623–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9969(91)90114-a.

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22

Yamashiro, T., M. Tummers, and I. Thesleff. "Expression of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins and Msx Genes during Root Formation." Journal of Dental Research 82, no. 3 (2003): 172–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910308200305.

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Like crown development, root formation is also regulated by interactions between epithelial and mesenchymml tissues. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), together with the transcription factors Msx1 and Msx2, play important roles in these interactions during early tooth morphogenesis. To investigate the involvement of this signaling pathway in root development, we analyzed the expression patterns of Bmp2, Bmp3, Bmp4, and Bmp7 as well as Msx1 and Msx2 in the roots of mouse molars. Bmp4 was expressed in the apical mesenchyme and Msx2 in the root sheath. However, Bmps were not detected in the root sheath epithelium, and Msx transcripts were absent from the underlying mesenchyme. These findings indicate that this Bmp signaling pathway, required for tooth initiation, does not regulate root development, but we suggest that root shape may be regulated by a mechanism similar to that regulating crown shape in cap-stage tooth germs. Msx2 expression continued in the epithelial cell rests of Malassez, and the nearby cementoblasts intensely expressed Bmp3, which may regulate some functions of the fragmented epithelium.
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23

Gao, Yuanrong, Guan Yang, Tujun Weng, et al. "Disruption of Smad4 in Odontoblasts Causes Multiple Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumors and Tooth Malformation in Mice." Molecular and Cellular Biology 29, no. 21 (2009): 5941–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00706-09.

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ABSTRACT Keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs) are cystic epithelial neoplasias with a high recurrence rate. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of KCOTs are still largely unknown. Here, we show that specific ablation of Smad4 in odontoblasts unexpectedly resulted in spontaneous KCOTs in mice. The mutant mice exhibited malformed teeth characterized by fractured incisors and truncated molar roots. These abnormalities were mainly caused by disrupted odontoblast differentiation that led to irregular dentin formation. The cystic tumors arising from the reactivation of epithelial rests of Malassez (ERM), in which Smad4 remained intact, proliferated and formed stratified and differentiated squamous epithelia that exhibited a dramatic upregulation of Hedgehog signaling. Odontoblasts, which are responsive to transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signals, may produce signal molecules to inhibit the activation of ERM. Indeed, we observed a downregulation of BMP signals from Smad4 mutant odontoblasts to the adjacent Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS). Intriguingly, KCOTs frequently emerged from Smad4-deficient ERM in keratinocyte-specific Smad4 knockout mice, suggesting a novel mechanism in which reciprocal TGF-β/BMP signaling between odontoblasts and HERS was required for tooth root development and suppression of KCOT formation. These findings provide insight into the genetic basis underlying KCOTs and have important implications for new directions in KCOT treatment.
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24

Silva, Bianca Silva e., Nathalia Carolina Fernandes Fagundes, Bárbara Catarina Lima Nogueira, José Valladares Neto, David Normando, and Rafael Rodrigues Lima. "Epithelial rests of Malassez: from latent cells to active participation in orthodontic movement." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 22, no. 3 (2017): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.22.3.119-125.sar.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: The epithelial rests of Malassez (ERM) represent a group of cells in the periodontal ligament classically consisting of latent or quiescent structures associated with pathological processes. However, recent evidence shows that these structures cannot be considered only as cellular debris. The ERM is a major tissue structure, with functions in maintaining the homeostasis of periodontal tissue, including the maintenance of orthodontic movement. Objective: The present literature review aims at presenting the potential functions of ERM, with emphasis on orthodontic movement and the functional structure of the periodontium. Conclusion: ERM cells have a functional activity in modulation of orthodontic movement, trough their potential for differentiation, maintenance functions and the capacity of repairing periodontium.
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25

Chowdhury, AFMA, A. Alam, UK Sarkar, AA Mahmud, U. Habiba, and MAI Rabby. "Apexification with Calcium Hydroxide: 27 Months Follow Up of a Case." Medicine Today 25, no. 1 (2013): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v25i1.16071.

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Dental trauma is common in young patients with immature teeth. When necrosis of pulp follows in such a tooth, apexification of the root is the most recognized and accepted treatment of choice. Calcium hydroxide paste is the most popular material used to induce the apical hard tissue barrier which may be composed of different tissues. Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath and (or) its remnants, the cell rests of Malassez may contribute to the apical closure. In the presented case, careful multidisciplinary treatment approach helped to regain esthetic and function. After 27 months the tooth showed every sign of success. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v25i1.16071 Medicine Today 2013 Vol.25(1): 42-45
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26

Kim, Gee-Hye, Jihye Yang, Dae-Hyun Jeon, et al. "Differentiation and Establishment of Dental Epithelial-Like Stem Cells Derived from Human ESCs and iPSCs." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 12 (2020): 4384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124384.

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Tooth development and regeneration occur through reciprocal interactions between epithelial and ectodermal mesenchymal stem cells. However, the current studies on tooth development are limited, since epithelial stem cells are relatively difficult to obtain and maintain. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) may be alternative options for epithelial cell sources. To differentiate hESCs/hiPSCs into dental epithelial-like stem cells, this study investigated the hypothesis that direct interactions between pluripotent stem cells, such as hESCs or hiPSCs, and Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath/epithelial rests of Malassez (HERS/ERM) cell line may induce epithelial differentiation. Epithelial-like stem cells derived from hES (EPI-ES) and hiPSC (EPI-iPSC) had morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics of HERS/ERM cells, as well as similar gene expression. To overcome a rare population and insufficient expansion of primary cells, EPI-iPSC was immortalized with the SV40 large T antigen. The immortalized EPI-iPSC cell line had a normal karyotype, and a short tandem repeat (STR) analysis verified that it was derived from hiPSCs. The EPI-iPSC cell line co-cultured with dental pulp stem cells displayed increased amelogenic and odontogenic gene expression, exhibited higher dentin sialoprotein (DSPP) protein expression, and promoted mineralized nodule formation. These results indicated that the direct co-culture of hESCs/hiPSCs with HERS/ERM successfully established dental epithelial-like stem cells. Moreover, this differentiation protocol could help with understanding the functional roles of cell-to-cell communication and tissue engineering of teeth.
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27

Koshihara, Teruyoshi, Kenichi Matsuzaka, Toru Sato, and Takashi Inoue. "Effect of Stretching Force on the Cells of Epithelial Rests of Malassez In Vitro." International Journal of Dentistry 2010 (2010): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/458408.

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Background and Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the behavior of cells from epithelial rest of Malassez (ERM) against stretching force.Material and Methods. ERM-cultured cells were stretched for 1 hour, at the cycle of 18% elongation for 1 second followed by 1-second relaxation. The cells without addition of stretching force were used as controls. The cells were observed by immunohistochmical staining using actin 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 hours. Furthermore, expressions of HSP70-, VEGF-, and OPN-mRNAs of cells were also evaluated using quantitative RT-PCR.Results. Actin filaments were randomly orientated in the cytoplasm in the control group, whereas in the stretching group, actin filaments were orientated comparatively parallel to the stretching direction. Expression of HSP70-mRNA in the stretching group was significantly higher than that of control group at 12, 24, 36 hours (P<.05). Expression of VEGF-mRNA in the stretching group was significantly higher than that of control group at 24, 36, 48, and 72 hours (P<.05). Expression of OPN-mRNA in the stretching group was significantly higher than that of control group at 12 and 24 hours (P<.05).Conclusion. ERM cells response against the stretching force by expressing HSP70, VEGF, and OPN.
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28

Grachtchouk, Marina, Jianhong Liu, Mark E. Hutchin, et al. "Constitutive Hedgehog/GLI2 signaling drives extracutaneous basaloid squamous cell carcinoma development and bone remodeling." Carcinogenesis 42, no. 8 (2021): 1100–1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgab050.

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Abstract Uncontrolled activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, operating through GLI transcription factors, plays a central role in the pathogenesis of cutaneous basal cell carcinoma and contributes to the development of several malignancies arising in extracutaneous sites. We now report that K5-tTA;tetO-Gli2 bitransgenic mice develop distinctive epithelial tumors within their jaws. These tumors consist of large masses of highly proliferative, monomorphous, basaloid cells with scattered foci of keratinization and central necrosis, mimicking human basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC), an aggressive upper aerodigestive tract tumor. Like human BSCC, these tumors express epidermal basal keratins and differentiation-specific keratins within squamous foci. Mouse BSCCs express high levels of Gli2 and Hh target genes, including Gli1 and Ptch1, which we show are also upregulated in a subset of human BSCCs. Mouse BSCCs appear to arise from distinct epithelial sites, including the gingival junctional epithelium and epithelial rests of Malassez, a proposed stem cell compartment. Although Gli2 transgene expression is restricted to epithelial cells, we also detect striking alterations in bone adjacent to BSCCs, with activated osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteal macrophages, indicative of active bone remodeling. Gli2 transgene inactivation resulted in rapid BSCC regression and reversal of the bone remodeling phenotype. This first-reported mouse model of BSCC supports the concept that uncontrolled Hh signaling plays a central role in the pathogenesis of a subset of human BSCCs, points to Hh/GLI2 signaling as a potential therapeutic target and provides a powerful new tool for probing the mechanistic underpinnings of tumor-associated bone remodeling.
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29

Nishimura, Michiko, Y. Abiko, Jiro Mitamura, and Tohru Kaku. "Effect of cell plating density and extracellular matrix protein on cell growth of epithelial rests of Malassez in vitro." Medical Electron Microscopy 32, no. 2 (1999): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007950050019.

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30

Yamasaki, A., and G. J. Pinero. "An ultrastructural study of human epithelial rests of malassez maintained in a differentiated state in vitro." Archives of Oral Biology 34, no. 6 (1989): 443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9969(89)90123-4.

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31

YAMANAKA, TAKENORI, AKIHIKO SAKAMOTO, YOSHIHARU TANAKA, et al. "ISOLATION AND SERUM-FREE CULTURE OF EPITHELIAL CELLS DERIVED FROM EPITHELIAL RESTS OF MALASSEZ IN HUMAN PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT." In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal 36, no. 8 (2000): 548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1290/1071-2690(2000)036<0548:iasfco>2.0.co;2.

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32

Haku, Ken, Takashi Muramatsu, Arisa Hara, et al. "Epithelial Cell Rests of Malassez Modulate Cell Proliferation, Differentiation and Apoptosis via Gap Junctional Communication under Mechanical Stretching in vitro." Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College 52, no. 4 (2011): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2209/tdcpublication.52.173.

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33

Xiong, Jimin, Stan Gronthos, and P. Mark Bartold. "Role of the epithelial cell rests of Malassez in the development, maintenance and regeneration of periodontal ligament tissues." Periodontology 2000 63, no. 1 (2013): 217–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/prd.12023.

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34

Korkmaz, Yüksel, Franz-Josef Klinz, Thomas Beikler, et al. "The Ca2+-binding protein calretinin is selectively enriched in a subpopulation of the epithelial rests of Malassez." Cell and Tissue Research 342, no. 3 (2010): 391–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00441-010-1076-3.

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35

Cerri, P. S., and E. Katchburian. "Apoptosis in the epithelial cells of the rests of Malassez of the periodontium of rat molars." Journal of Periodontal Research 40, no. 5 (2005): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.2005.00810.x.

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36

Inoue, Takashi, Tamami Masaka, Yasunobu Enokiya, Sadamitsu Hashimoto, and Masaki Shimono. "An experimental study on cell interaction between fibroblasts of periodontal ligament and cells from Malassez epithelial rests co-cultured in vitro." Japanese Journal of Oral Biology 37, no. 5 (1995): 356–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2330/joralbiosci1965.37.356.

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37

Takahashi, Ken, Mitsuru Shimonishi, Rui Wang, Hiroatsu Watanabe, and Masahiko Kikuchi. "Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions induce enamel matrix proteins and proteases in the epithelial cells of the rests of Malassez in vitro." European Journal of Oral Sciences 120, no. 6 (2012): 475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.2012.01002.x.

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38

Devi M, Gayathri, Bakyalakshmi K, and Cap Regu P. "Unicystic Ameloblastoma - Case Report." Annals of Surgical Case Reports 5, no. 2 (2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.25107/2640-6705-v5-id1063.

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Ameloblastoma is a slow-growing locally aggressive, benign odontogenic epithelium with a greater tendency for recurrence and involves aggressive bone loss and teeth. It is believed to be derived from cell rests of the enamel organ, either remnants of dental lamina or Hertwig's sheath, the epithelial rest of Malassez. The most common site of preference is the mandibular molar and ramus area than the anterior and premolar region. The article presents two case series of unicystic ameloblastoma of a 25 year female who had a localized swelling in the left side of the mandible which resembled a keratocystic odontogenic tumor clinically and radiographically. Based on histopathological examination the final diagnosis was unicystic ameloblastoma with the mural pattern. The second case report presented a 32-year female with a diffuse swelling in the left lower jaw which histopathologically revealed ameloblastoma with the plexiform variant. The case series presented certain unique features of female predilection and a multilocular variant with mural and plexiform pattern unicystic ameloblastoma. Both the patient was surgically managed more conservatively with enucleation and cauterization as cystic types are found to be less aggressive compared to solid variants of ameloblastoma. They were on a regular follow period postoperatively.
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39

Matsuzaka, Kenichi, Eitoyo Kokubu, and Takashi Inoue. "The effects of epithelial rests of Malassez cells on periodontal ligament fibroblasts against centrifugal forces in vitro." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology 25, no. 2 (2013): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajoms.2012.08.003.

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40

Tadokoro, Osamu, Vaska Radunovic, and Katsuhiro Inoue. "Epithelial Cell Rests of Malassez and OX6-Immunopositive Cells in the Periodontal Ligament of Rat Molars: A Light and Transmission Electron Microscope Study." Anatomical Record: Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology 291, no. 3 (2008): 242–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.20648.

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41

Yoshida, Koki, Jun Sato, Rie Takai, et al. "Differentiation of mouse iPS cells into ameloblast-like cells in cultures using medium conditioned by epithelial cell rests of Malassez and gelatin-coated dishes." Medical Molecular Morphology 48, no. 3 (2014): 138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00795-014-0088-6.

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42

Peters, Beate H., Jan-Michael Peters, Caecilia Kuhn, Joachim Zöller, and Werner W. Franke. "Maintenance of cell-type-specific cytoskeletal character in epithelial cells out of epithelial context: Cytokeratins and other cytoskeletal proteins in the rests of Malassez of the periodontal ligament." Differentiation 59, no. 2 (1995): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-0436.1995.5920113.x.

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43

Matsuzaka, Kenichi, Eitoyo Kokubu, and Takashi Inoue. "The effects of epithelial rests of Malassez cells on periodontal ligament fibroblasts: A co-culture investigation for epithelialmesenchymal interactions." Oral Medicine & Pathology 16, no. 1/2 (2011): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3353/omp.16.15.

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44

Pawar, Vipul Mohan, Rashmi Hosalkar, and Janaki Iyer. "Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Calretinin and Cytokeratin-19 in Odontogenic Keratocyst and Ameloblastoma: A Retrospective Study." Journal of Contemporary Dentistry 5, no. 2 (2015): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1116.

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ABSTRACT The odontogenic epithelial remnants, i.e. cell rests of Serre and Malassez, are formed from dental lamina and Hertwig's epithelial root sheath respectively, may proliferate and have role in pathogenesis of odontogenic cysts and tumors. Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is the most common and aggressive cyst of the dental lamina origin. Ameloblastoma, the second most common odontogenic tumor (OT), is a clinically benign and locally invasive polymorphic neoplasia. Differentiation of OKC from ameloblastoma sometimes poses a diagnostic dilemma, thus necessitating the need to differentiate between the two (especially unicystic ameloblastoma and OKC). Calretinin, a calcium binding protein, functions as a calcium buffer and a regulator of apoptosis. Some studies have shown its expression in parakeratinized OKC, unicystic and solid ameloblastoma, but not in other OTs. Calretinin may thus provide a better understanding of the biological behavior and tumorogenesis of ameloblastoma. cytokeratin (CK)-19 is a type I cytokeratin, has been found to be a reliable marker of epithelial differentiation. The intense expression of CK-19 is useful for identification of odontogenic epithelial components, thus suggesting their potential for proliferation to form epithelial odontogenic cysts and tumors. The aim of this study is to evaluate calretinin and Ck-19 in OKC and ameloblastoma. For this retrospective study, 20 formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue samples of histopathologically proven OKC and ameloblastoma each, retrieved from the department of oral pathology was used. The results will be evaluated by using immunohistochemical analysis. How to cite this article Pawar VM, Patel S, Pathak J, Swain N, Hosalkar R, Iyer J. Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Calretinin and Cytokeratin-19 in Odontogenic Keratocyst and Ameloblastoma: A Retrospective Study. J Contemp Dent 2015;5(2):98-103.
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45

Imber, Jean-Claude, Andrea Roccuzzo, Alexandra Stähli, et al. "Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Periodontal Regeneration Using a Porous Collagen Scaffold." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 20 (2021): 10915. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222010915.

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(1) Aim: To immunohistochemically evaluate the effect of a volume-stable collagen scaffold (VCMX) on periodontal regeneration. (2) Methods: In eight beagle dogs, acute two-wall intrabony defects were treated with open flap debridement either with VCMX (test) or without (control). After 12 weeks, eight defects out of four animals were processed for paraffin histology and immunohistochemistry. (3) Results: All defects (four test + four control) revealed periodontal regeneration with cementum and bone formation. VCMX remnants were integrated in bone, periodontal ligament (PDL), and cementum. No differences in immunohistochemical labeling patterns were observed between test and control sites. New bone and cementum were labeled for bone sialoprotein, while the regenerated PDL was labeled for periostin and collagen type 1. Cytokeratin-positive epithelial cell rests of Malassez were detected in 50% of the defects. The regenerated PDL demonstrated a larger blood vessel area at the test (14.48% ± 3.52%) than at control sites (8.04% ± 1.85%, p = 0.0007). The number of blood vessels was higher in the regenerated PDL (test + control) compared to the pristine one (p = 0.012). The cell proliferative index was not statistically significantly different in pristine and regenerated PDL. (4) Conclusions: The data suggest a positive effect of VCMX on angiogenesis and an equally high cell turnover in the regenerated and pristine PDL. This VCMX supported periodontal regeneration in intrabony defects.
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Farea, Manal, Adam Husein, Ahmad Sukari Halim, et al. "Cementoblastic lineage formation in the cross-talk between stem cells of human exfoliated deciduous teeth and epithelial rests of Malassez cells." Clinical Oral Investigations 20, no. 6 (2015): 1181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1601-6.

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MAIA, Evelane Carneiro, and Francisco Aurelio Lucchesi SANDRINI. "Management techniques of ameloblastoma: a literature review." RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia 65, no. 1 (2017): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-863720170001000093070.

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ABSTRACT Ameloblastoma is a benign neoplasm essentially composed of epithelial tissue that has an invasive and infiltrative behavior at local level with a high recurrence rate. The prevalence of tumors and oral cysts is 1%, and the prevalence of odontogenic tumors is about 11%. The etiology is not yet fully known; however, one of the most accepted theories is that the lesion starts developing from remaining cells of the dental lamina, reduced enamel epithelium, Malassez's epithelial rests, or even from a basal cell layer of the epithelium surface. The literature does not report sex-and ethnicity-related occurrence; however, it is known that the most affected anatomical region is the mandible. It is essential to study oral lesions with the purpose of promoting early diagnosis and the most conservative intervention possible. This way, this study is a literature review of works published between 2006 and 2014 conducted to find the existing protocols for the treatment of ameloblastomas.
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Lee, Ji-Hyun, Dong-Seol Lee, Hyun Nam, et al. "Dental follicle cells and cementoblasts induce apoptosis of ameloblast-lineage and Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath/epithelial rests of Malassez cells through the Fas-Fas ligand pathway." European Journal of Oral Sciences 120, no. 1 (2011): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.2011.00895.x.

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Matsuzaka, Kenichi, Eitoyo Kokubu, and Takashi Inoue. "Effect of epithelial rests of Malassez’ cells on RANKL mRNA expression and ALP activity by periodontal ligament fibroblasts stimulated with sonicated Porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology 26, no. 4 (2014): 554–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajoms.2013.12.015.

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Nakagawa, Eri, Kenichi Matsuzaka, Shinichi Naruse, Kaoru Naito, and Takashi Inoue. "Effects of nicotine on Malassez' epithelial rest cells in early primary culture: cell proliferation and mRNA expression of heat shock protein 70 and vascular endothelial growth factor." Oral Medicine & Pathology 13, no. 2 (2009): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3353/omp.13.41.

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