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Journal articles on the topic 'Epithelium'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Jin, Shiying. "Bipotent stem cells support the cyclical regeneration of endometrial epithelium of the murine uterus." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 14 (2019): 6848–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1814597116.

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The endometrial epithelium of the uterus regenerates periodically. The cellular source of newly regenerated endometrial epithelia during a mouse estrous cycle or a human menstrual cycle is presently unknown. Here, I have used single-cell lineage tracing in the whole mouse uterus to demonstrate that epithelial stem cells exist in the mouse uterus. These uterine epithelial stem cells provide a resident cellular supply that fuels endometrial epithelial regeneration. They are able to survive cyclical uterine tissue loss and persistently generate all endometrial epithelial lineages, including the f

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Ramos, Tiago, Deborah Scott, and Sajjad Ahmad. "An Update on Ocular Surface Epithelial Stem Cells: Cornea and Conjunctiva." Stem Cells International 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/601731.

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The human ocular surface (front surface of the eye) is formed by two different types of epithelia: the corneal epithelium centrally and the conjunctival epithelium that surrounds this. These two epithelia are maintained by different stem cell populations (limbal stem cells for the corneal epithelium and the conjunctival epithelial stem cells). In this review, we provide an update on our understanding of these epithelia and their stem cells systems, including embryology, new markers, and controversy around the location of these stem cells. We also provide an update on the translation of this un

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Kurokawa, I., S. Nishijima, K. Kusumoto, H. Senzaki, N. Shikata, and A. Tsubura. "Immunohistochemical Study of Cytokeratins in Hidradenitis Suppurativa (Acne Inversa)." Journal of International Medical Research 30, no. 2 (2002): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147323000203000205.

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In 14 cases of hidradenitis suppurativa, cytokeratin (CK) expression was studied immunohistochemically, using six anti-keratin antibodies against CK1, CK10, CK14, CK16, CK17 and CK19, respectively. The draining sinus tract epithelium of hidradenitis suppurativa lesions was divided into three components: infundibular-like keratinized epithelium (type A), non-infundibular keratinized epithelium (type B), and non-keratinized epithelium (type C). In type A samples, CK17 (which is found in normal infundibulum) was not detected, suggesting fragility of this epithelial type. Keratin expression in typ

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Ferguson, C. A., A. S. Tucker, and P. T. Sharpe. "Temporospatial cell interactions regulating mandibular and maxillary arch patterning." Development 127, no. 2 (2000): 403–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.127.2.403.

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The cellular origin of the instructive information for hard tissue patterning of the jaws has been the subject of a long-standing controversy. Are the cranial neural crest cells prepatterned or does the epithelium pattern a developmentally uncommitted population of ectomesenchymal cells? In order to understand more about how orofacial patterning is controlled we have investigated the temporal signalling interactions and responses between epithelium and mesenchymal cells in the mandibular and maxillary primordia. We show that within the mandibular arch, homeobox genes that are expressed in diff

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Yi, Jawoon, Harim Choi, Su-Man Kim та Hyung-Sik Kang. "Deficiency of TAM receptor family increases γδT cell population by promoting chemokine-induced gut homing". Journal of Immunology 204, № 1_Supplement (2020): 84.10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.84.10.

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Abstract Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) are a various community of lymphoid cells located in between the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) that configure the intestinal mucosal barrier. The epithelial γδT cells act as a major T cell population in epithelia, which is support in tissue homeostasis and repair. However, we found that the γδT cell population was strikingly increased in IELs in TAM receptor-deficient mice. Based on these data, we tested whether this receptor acts as a crucial regulator, which may generate better homing to the intestinal epithelium. We also tested tha

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Oberst, Michael D., Baljit Singh, Metin Ozdemirli, Robert B. Dickson, Michael D. Johnson, and Chen-Yong Lin. "Characterization of Matriptase Expression in Normal Human Tissues." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 51, no. 8 (2003): 1017–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002215540305100805.

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Matriptase is a type II transmembrane serine protease that has been implicated in the progression of epithelium-derived tumors. The role of this protease in the biology of normal epithelial cells remains to be elucidated. Matriptase mRNA has been detected by Northern analysis in tissues rich in epithelial cells, and the protein is expressed in vivo in normal and cancerous breast, ovarian, and colon tissues. However, a systematic analysis of the distribution of matriptase protein and mRNA in normal human tissues rich in epithelium has not been reported. In this study we characterized the expres

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A, Suchetha, Anusha D, and Sapna Nadiger. "Epithelium - An Overview and an Insight on Gingival Epithelium: A Literature Review." International Journal of Research and Review 11, no. 1 (2024): 538–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20240160.

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Epithelium is comprised of cells that cover the exterior surfaces of the body and line both the internal closed cavities of the body and those that communicate with the exterior. The cells forming epithelium are in close apposition with one another, they may be arranged in multiple layers. In some locations cells are found aggregated in close apposition with one another but lack free surface. They are called epithelial like or epithelioid tissues. It is a tissue composed of a layer of cells which lines both the outside (skin) and the inside (e. g. intestine) of organisms. The epithelium serves

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8

Ferrante, S., T. Hackett, C. Hoptay, et al. "9: AN IN VIVO MODEL OF HUMAN AIRWAYS FOR INVESTIGATING FIBROSIS." Journal of Investigative Medicine 64, no. 3 (2016): 802.2–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jim-2016-000080.9.

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Purpose of StudyLimited models exist to investigate the airway epithelium's role in repair, regeneration, and pathology of chronic obstructive lung diseases. We introduce a human asthmatic airway epithelial xenograft system integrating a proliferating and differentiating airway epithelium with an actively remodeling rodent mesenchyme in an immunocompromised murine host. We hypothesized that epithelial regeneration in asthma induces underlying matrix fibrosis.Methods UsedHuman airway epithelial cells from asthmatic and non-asthmatic donors (n=5 per group) were seeded into decellularized rat tra

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9

Burch, L. H., C. R. Talbot, M. R. Knowles, C. M. Canessa, B. C. Rossier, and R. C. Boucher. "Relative expression of the human epithelial Na+ channel subunits in normal and cystic fibrosis airways." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 269, no. 2 (1995): C511—C518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1995.269.2.c511.

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The availability of the newly cloned subunits (alpha, beta, gamma) of the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) permits molecular studies of the pathogenesis of the abnormal Na+ transport rates of cystic fibrosis (CF) airway epithelia. Northern analyses of airway epithelia showed that both normal and CF airway epithelia express ENaC subunit mRNAs in a ratio of alpha > beta > gamma. In situ hybridization studies revealed expression of all three ENaC subunits in the superficial epithelium and the alpha- and beta-subunits in the gland ductular and acinar epithelium of both normal and CF airways. Ri

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Maharshak, Nitsan, Eun Young Huh, Chorlada Paiboonrungruang, et al. "Enterococcus faecalis Gelatinase Mediates Intestinal Permeability via Protease-Activated Receptor 2." Infection and Immunity 83, no. 7 (2015): 2762–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00425-15.

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Microbial protease-mediated disruption of the intestinal epithelium is a potential mechanism whereby a dysbiotic enteric microbiota can lead to disease. This mechanism was investigated using the colitogenic, protease-secreting enteric microbeEnterococcus faecalis. Caco-2 and T-84 epithelial cell monolayers and the mouse colonic epithelium were exposed to concentrated conditioned media (CCM) fromE. faecalisV583 andE. faecalislacking the gelatinase gene (gelE). The flux of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled dextran across monolayers or the mouse epithelium following exposure to CCM from p

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Muggeo, Anaëlle, Christelle Coraux, and Thomas Guillard. "Current concepts on Pseudomonas aeruginosa interaction with human airway epithelium." PLOS Pathogens 19, no. 3 (2023): e1011221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011221.

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major, but opportunistic, respiratory pathogen, which rarely infects healthy individuals, mainly due to the barrier effect of the human airway epithelium (HAE). This review explores the interaction of P. aeruginosa with HAE and the progression of the infection. The basolateral part of the epithelium, which includes the basolateral membrane of the epithelial cells and the basement membrane, is inaccessible in normal tight epithelia with intact junctions. We highlight how P. aeruginosa exploits weaknesses in the HAE barrier to gain access to the basolateral part of th

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Parkos, Charles A. "I. Neutrophil adhesive interactions with intestinal epithelium." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 273, no. 4 (1997): G763—G768. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1997.273.4.g763.

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In many inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, disease activity and patient symptoms correlate with the histological finding of neutrophil (PMN) migration across the epithelium. PMN interactions with intestinal epithelium can influence epithelial functions ranging from barrier maintenance to electrolyte secretion. Additionally, PMN recruitment to the epithelium can be modulated by epithelial interactions with luminal enteric pathogens. Adhesive interactions between PMN and intestinal epithelial cells have been shown to be distinct from interactions of PMN with endothelia. In pa

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Lin, Y., L. Xia, J. D. Turner, and X. Zhao. "Morphologic observation of neutrophil diapedesis across bovine mammary gland epithelium in vitro." American Journal of Veterinary Research 56, no. 2 (1995): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1995.56.02.203.

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SUMMARY Neutrophils are present in milk of cows as a means of suppressing invading pathogens during mastitis. However, the manner by which neutrophils traverse the secretory epithelia is still not clear: do they diapedese between epithelial cells or do they kill epithelial cells to gain entry into milk? We investigated the process of bovine neutrophil diapedesis across bovine mammary gland epithelium in vitro. The bovine mammary epithelial cell line mac-t, grown on collagen-coated filters, formed a confluent monolayer with characteristic tight junctions, basal-apical polarity, and functional b

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14

Ghosh, Saroj Kumar. "Histology and surface morphology of the olfactory epithelium in the freshwater teleost Clupisoma garua (Hamilton, 1822)." Fisheries & Aquatic Life 27, no. 3 (2019): 122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aopf-2019-0014.

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Abstract The anatomical structure of the olfactory organ and the organization of various cells lining the olfactory mucosa of Clupisoma garua (Siluriformes; Schilbeidae) were investigated with light and scanning electron microscopy. The olfactory organ was composed of numerous lamellae of various sizes, radiating outward from both sides of the narrow midline raphe, forming an elongated rosette. Each lamella consisted of the olfactory epithelium and a central lamellar space, the central core. The epithelium covering the surface of the rosette folds was differentiated into zones of sensory and i

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Niklaus, Andrea L., and Jeffrey W. Pollard. "Mining the Mouse Transcriptome of Receptive Endometrium Reveals Distinct Molecular Signatures for the Luminal and Glandular Epithelium." Endocrinology 147, no. 7 (2006): 3375–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2005-1665.

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Epithelia coat most tissues where they sense and respond to the environment and participate in innate immune responses. In the adult mouse uterus, columnar epithelium lines the central lumen and the glands that penetrate the underlying stroma. A nidatory surge of estrogen causes differentiation of the luminal epithelium to the receptive state that permits blastocyst attachment and allows subsequent implantation. Here, using laser-capture microdissection to isolate the luminal and glandular epithelia separately, we have profiled gene expression 2 h before embryo attachment to determine whether

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Donjacour, A. A., and G. R. Cunha. "Induction of prostatic morphology and secretion in urothelium by seminal vesicle mesenchyme." Development 121, no. 7 (1995): 2199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.121.7.2199.

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Mesenchymal-epithelial interactions are essential for the development of the male reproductive tract. Tissue recombination experiments have been used to define the characteristics of these interactions. When mesenchyme, embryonic connective tissue, is recombined with epithelium from another organ an instructive induction may occur in which the developmental fate of the epithelium is altered. Instructive inductions are most common when the epithelium that is removed from the mesenchyme and the epithelium that is recombined with the mesenchyme are from the same germ layer. All of the mesenchyme

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Davidson, Donald J., Fiona M. Kilanowski, Scott H. Randell, David N. Sheppard, and Julia R. Dorin. "A primary culture model of differentiated murine tracheal epithelium." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 279, no. 4 (2000): L766—L778. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.2000.279.4.l766.

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The goal of this study was to develop a primary culture model of differentiated murine tracheal epithelium. When grown on semipermeable membranes at an air interface, dissociated murine tracheal epithelial cells formed confluent polarized epithelia with high transepithelial resistances (∼12 kΩ · cm2) that remained viable for up to 80 days. Immunohistochemistry and light and electron microscopy demonstrated that the cells were epithelial in nature (cytokeratin positive, vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin negative) and differentiated to form ciliated and secretory cells from day 8 after seeding

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Regauer, S., W. W. Franke, and I. Virtanen. "Intermediate filament cytoskeleton of amnion epithelium and cultured amnion epithelial cells: expression of epidermal cytokeratins in cells of a simple epithelium." Journal of Cell Biology 100, no. 4 (1985): 997–1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.100.4.997.

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Using immunofluorescence microscopy and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, we compared the cytoskeletal proteins expressed by human amnion epithelium in situ, obtained from pregnancies of from 10-wk to birth, with the corresponding proteins from cultured amnion epithelial cells and cultures of cells from the amniotic fluid of 16 week pregnancies. Epithelia of week 16 fetuses already display tissue-specific patterns of cytokeratin polypeptides which are similar, although not identical, to those of the corresponding adult tissues. In the case of the simple amnion epithelium, a complex and char

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Higgins, S. J., P. Young, and G. R. Cunha. "Induction of functional cytodifferentiation in the epithelium of tissue recombinants. II. Instructive induction of Wolffian duct epithelia by neonatal seminal vesicle mesenchyme." Development 106, no. 2 (1989): 235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.106.2.235.

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When grown as renal grafts in adult male hosts, the upper (cranial), middle and lower (caudal) portions of fetal mouse and rat Wolffian ducts developed into epididymis, epididymis plus ductus deferens, and seminal vesicle, respectively. In heterotypic tissue recombinants, the epithelia from upper and middle Wolffian ducts were instructively induced to undergo seminal vesicle morphogenesis by neonatal seminal vesicle mesenchyme. Functional cytodifferentiation was examined in these recombinants using antibodies against major androgen-dependent, seminal vesicle-specific secretory proteins. The in

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Rochelle, Lori G., Dong Chen Li, Helen Ye, Eddie Lee, Colleen R. Talbot, and Richard C. Boucher. "Distribution of ion transport mRNAs throughout murine nose and lung." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 279, no. 1 (2000): L14—L24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.2000.279.1.l14.

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Evidence of absorptive or secretory ion transport in different respiratory regions of the mouse was sought by assessing the regional distribution of α-, β-, and γ-epithelial sodium channel (ENaC; Na+ absorptive), cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductor regulator (CFTR), and Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter mRNAs. High levels of ENaC subunit expression were found in nasal surface epithelium and gland ducts. CFTR was expressed in both superficial nasal respiratory epithelium and glands. These results are consistent with basal amiloride-sensitive Na+ absorption and cAMP-dependent Cl− secretion in murine

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Gerbe, François, Johan H. van Es, Leila Makrini, et al. "Distinct ATOH1 and Neurog3 requirements define tuft cells as a new secretory cell type in the intestinal epithelium." Journal of Cell Biology 192, no. 5 (2011): 767–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201010127.

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The unique morphology of tuft cells was first revealed by electron microscopy analyses in several endoderm-derived epithelia. Here, we explore the relationship of these cells with the other cell types of the intestinal epithelium and describe the first marker signature allowing their unambiguous identification. We demonstrate that although mature tuft cells express DCLK1, a putative marker of quiescent stem cells, they are post-mitotic, short lived, derive from Lgr5-expressing epithelial stem cells, and are found in mouse and human tumors. We show that whereas the ATOH1/MATH1 transcription fac

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AL-Medhtiy, Morteta H. Mohamed. "Histological Study of the Larynxinindigenous male WestAfrican guinea fowl (Numidameleagrisgaleata)In AL-Najaf province." Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences 5, no. 2 (2014): 332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.36326/kjvs/2014/v5i24175.

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Microscopic investigation of the larynx in Indigenous Male West African guinea fowl (Numida meleagris galeata) In AL-Najaf province, the mean live weight was (1750 g ± 50 gm) our need to have a base line data on the respiratory system of this abundant species of bird in Iraq. It is expected that this work will provide a base for future research and subsequent clinical application as regards the biology of the guinea fowl. Five healthy birds utilize in this study. After bird dead the larynx dissected out and washing by normal saline solution, then were fixed immediately in 10% NBF solution, and

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McDonald, Keely, Leroy Wheeler, Jeremiah McDole, Mark Miller, and Rodney Newberry. "CCR6 expression by small intestine lamina propria dendritic cells is critical for surveillance of the luminal contents at the villous epithelial surface (CCR5P.251)." Journal of Immunology 192, no. 1_Supplement (2014): 181.5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.192.supp.181.5.

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Abstract The immune system underlying the villous epithelium is continually monitoring its complex environment to appropriately respond with the induction of tolerance or immunity. However little is known about the factors promoting immune surveillance of the luminal contents at this surface. Mice deficient in lymphotoxin beta receptor (LTBR) have a decreased population of dendritic cells (DCs) associated with the villous epithelium. The chemokine CCL20 is expressed by the villous epithelium in a LTBR dependent manner, and CCR6, the only receptor for CCL20, is expressed by the LP-DCs associati

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Hirano, Akikazu, Kenshi Yao, Hiroshi Ishihara, et al. "Nature of a white opaque substance visualized by magnifying endoscopy in colorectal hyperplastic polyps." Endoscopy International Open 09, no. 07 (2021): E1077—E1083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1452-9669.

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Abstract Background and study aims A white opaque substance (WOS) has been observed in the epithelia of gastric, duodenal, and colorectal epithelial adenomas and carcinomas, using magnifying endoscopy (ME). The WOS has been reported to be derived from a dense accumulation of minute lipid droplets in the epithelium. This study aimed to investigate whether the WOS in colorectal hyperplastic polyps was derived from lipid droplets accumulated in the epithelium, as observed in the case of gastric, duodenal, and colorectal epithelial neoplasms. Patients and methods We analyzed 30 consecutive patient

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Sweat, Y. Y., M. Sweat, W. Yu, et al. "Sox2 Controls Periderm and Rugae Development to Inhibit Oral Adhesions." Journal of Dental Research 99, no. 12 (2020): 1397–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034520939013.

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In humans, ankyloglossia and cleft palate are common congenital craniofacial anomalies, and these are regulated by a complex gene regulatory network. Understanding the genetic underpinnings of ankyloglossia and cleft palate will be an important step toward rational treatment of these complex anomalies. We inactivated the Sry (sex-determining region Y)–box 2 ( Sox2) gene in the developing oral epithelium, including the periderm, a transient structure that prevents abnormal oral adhesions during development. This resulted in ankyloglossia and cleft palate with 100% penetrance in embryos examined

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Bakhtin, A. A., and E. L. Tumanova. "Cytokeratin expression in reactive cylindrical ciliated epithelium of the sinonasal tract in chronic inflammation." CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MORPHOLOGY 12, no. 2 (2022): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31088/cem2023.12.2.14-24.

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Introduction. Currently, there are limited papers on changes in the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium of the sinonasal tract in chronic inflammatory processes, particularly in basal cell hyperplasia. The latter is similar to dysplasia of varying severity of the stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium. Studying of changes in the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium can clarify the histogenesis of various epithelial tumors of the sinonasal tract, including sinonasal papillomas. The research is aimed at studying the cytokeratin profile of reactive cylindrical ciliated e

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Bosshardt, D. D., and N. P. Lang. "The Junctional Epithelium: from Health to Disease." Journal of Dental Research 84, no. 1 (2005): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910508400102.

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The junctional epithelium is located at a strategically important interface between the gingival sulcus, populated with bacteria, and the periodontal soft and mineralized connective tissues that need protection from becoming exposed to bacteria and their products. Its unique structural and functional adaptation enables the junctional epithelium to control the constant microbiological challenge. The antimicrobial defense mechanisms of the junctional epithelium, however, do not preclude the development of gingival and periodontal lesions. The conversion of the junctional to pocket epithelium, wh

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Clemons, Nicholas J., David H. Wang, Daniel Croagh, et al. "Sox9 drives columnar differentiation of esophageal squamous epithelium: a possible role in the pathogenesis of Barrett's esophagus." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 303, no. 12 (2012): G1335—G1346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00291.2012.

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The molecular mechanism underlying the development of Barrett's esophagus (BE), the precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma, remains unknown. Our previous work implicated sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling as a possible driver of BE and suggested that bone morphogenetic protein 4 (Bmp4) and Sox9 were downstream mediators. We have utilized a novel in vivo tissue reconstitution model to investigate the relative roles of Bmp4 and Sox9 in driving metaplasia. Epithelia reconstituted from squamous epithelial cells or empty vector-transduced cells had a stratified squamous phenotype, reminiscent of normal

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RICE, MICHAEL A., and GROVER C. STEPHENS. "Influx and Transepithelial Flux of Amino Acids in the Mussel, Mytilus Edulis." Journal of Experimental Biology 135, no. 1 (1988): 275–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.135.1.275.

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The uptake of amino acids by the non-gill epithelia of the mantle cavity of Mytilus edulis L. was studied and compared with uptake by the gills. Amino acid entry rates and the subsequent distribution of amino acids to the other tissues of the animals were studied using high-performance liquid chromatography and radiochemical techniques. Uptake via the non-gill epithelia lining the mantle cavity was separated from uptake via the gill by employing a preparation in which the gills were surgically removed. Amino acid uptake by such animals was compared with that of suitably sham-operated controls.

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Mustonen, MV, MH Poutanen, S. Kellokumpu, et al. "Mouse 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 mRNA is predominantly expressed in hepatocytes and in surface epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 20, no. 1 (1998): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.0.0200067.

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17 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17HSD) type 2 efficiently catalyzes the conversion of the high activity 17 beta-hydroxy forms of sex steroids into less potent 17-ketosteroids. In the present study in situ hybridization was utilized to analyze the cellular localization of 17HSD type 2 expression in adult male and female mice. The data indicate that 17HSD type 2 mRNA is expressed in several epithelial cell layers, including both absorptive and secretory epithelia as well as protective epithelium. In both males and females, strong expression of 17HSD type 2 was particularly detected in epit

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Bosch, F. X., R. E. Leube, T. Achtstätter, R. Moll, and W. W. Franke. "Expression of simple epithelial type cytokeratins in stratified epithelia as detected by immunolocalization and hybridization in situ." Journal of Cell Biology 106, no. 5 (1988): 1635–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.106.5.1635.

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Multi-layered ("stratified") epithelia differ from one-layered ("simple") polar epithelia by various architectural and functional properties as well as by their cytoskeletal complements, notably a set of cytokeratins characteristic of stratified tissue. The simple epithelial cytokeratins 8 and 18 have so far not been detected in any stratified epithelium. Using specific monoclonal antibodies we have noted, in several but not all samples of stratified epithelia, including esophagus, tongue, exocervix, and vagina, positive immunocytochemical reactions for cytokeratins 8, 18, and 19 which in some

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Greenburg, G., and E. D. Hay. "Cytoskeleton and thyroglobulin expression change during transformation of thyroid epithelium to mesenchyme-like cells." Development 102, no. 3 (1988): 605–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.102.3.605.

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In considering the mechanism of transformation of epithelium to mesenchyme in the embryo, it is generally assumed that the ability to give rise to fibroblast-like cells is lost as epithelia mature. We reported previously that a definitive embryonic epithelium, that of the anterior lens, gives rise to freely migrating mesenchyme-like cells when suspended in type I collagen matrices. Here, we show that a highly differentiated epithelium that expresses cytokeratin changes to a vimentin cytoskeleton and loses thyroglobulin during epithelial-mesenchymal transformation induced by suspension in colla

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Hayman, Ian R., Rachel M. Temple, Cole K. Burgess, et al. "New insight into Epstein-Barr Virus infection using models of stratified epithelium." PLOS Pathogens 19, no. 1 (2023): e1011040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011040.

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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human pathogen that is transmitted in saliva. EBV transits through the oral epithelium to infect B cells, where it establishes a life-long latent infection. Reinfection of the epithelium is believed to be mediated by virus shed from B cells, but whether a latent reservoir can exist in the epithelia is unknown. We previously developed an in vitro organotypic model of stratified epithelium where EBV can readily replicate within the suprabasal layers of the epithelium following apical infection mediated by virus-producing B cells. Given that infected epith

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Vermeer, Paola D., Lacey Panko, Philip Karp, John H. Lee, and Joseph Zabner. "Differentiation of human airway epithelia is dependent on erbB2." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 291, no. 2 (2006): L175—L180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00547.2005.

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A clinical case documented a reversible change in airway epithelial differentiation that coincided with the initiation and discontinuation of trastuzumab, an anti-erbB2 antibody. This prompted the investigation into whether blocking the erbB2 receptor alters differentiation of the airway epithelium. To test this hypothesis, we treated an in vitro model of well-differentiated human airway epithelia with trastuzumab or heregulin-α, an erbB ligand. In addition, coculturing with human lung fibroblasts tested whether in vivo subepithelial fibroblasts function as an endogenous source of ligands able

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Munakata, M., I. Huang, W. Mitzner, and H. Menkes. "Protective role of epithelium in the guinea pig airway." Journal of Applied Physiology 66, no. 4 (1989): 1547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.66.4.1547.

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We developed an in vitro system to assess the role of the epithelium in regulating airway tone using the intact guinea pig trachea (J. Appl. Physiol. 64: 466–471, 1988). This method allows us to study the response of the airway when its inner epithelial surface or its outer serosal surface is stimulated independently. Using this system we evaluated how the presence of intact epithelium can affect pharmacological responsiveness. We first examined responses of tracheae with intact epithelium to histamine, acetylcholine, and hypertonic KCl when stimulated from the epithelial or serosal side. We t

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Shuler, Charles F. "Programmed Cell Death and Cell Transformation in Craniofacial Development." Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine 6, no. 3 (1995): 202–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10454411950060030301.

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Fusion of branchial arch derivatives is an essential component in the development of craniofacial structures. Bilaterally symmetric branchial arch processes fuse in the midline to form the mandible, lips, and palate. The mechanism for fusion requires several different morphologic and molecular events prior to the completion of the mesenchymal continuity between opposing tissue processes. The ectodermal covering of the branchial arches is one of the cell types that has an important role during craniofacial development. The surface epithelia provide the initial adherence between the processes; h

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Kennel, Christopher, Elizabeth A. Gould, Eric D. Larson, et al. "Differential Expression of Mucins in Murine Olfactory Versus Respiratory Epithelium." Chemical Senses 44, no. 7 (2019): 511–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjz046.

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Abstract Mucins are a key component of the surface mucus overlying airway epithelium. Given the different functions of the olfactory and respiratory epithelia, we hypothesized that mucins would be differentially expressed between these 2 areas. Secondarily, we evaluated for potential changes in mucin expression with radiation exposure, given the clinical observations of nasal dryness, altered mucus rheology, and smell loss in radiated patients. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to evaluate expression of mucins 1, 2, 5AC, and 5B in nasal respiratory and olfactory epithelia of control mi

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Clarke, L. L., and R. C. Boucher. "Chloride secretory response to extracellular ATP in human normal and cystic fibrosis nasal epithelia." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 263, no. 2 (1992): C348—C356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1992.263.2.c348.

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Chloride secretion across cystic fibrosis (CF) airway epithelia is effectively regulated by pathways associated with intracellular Ca2+ metabolism, but not by mechanisms dependent on protein kinase A or C. In a search for therapeutically useful agonists, we investigated the effects of extracellular ATP on the Cl- secretory process in human normal and CF nasal epithelial cultures with double-barreled Cl- selective microelectrodes. When applied to the basolateral membrane of normal, but not CF, nasal epithelium, extracellular ATP (10(-4) M) stimulated a small increase in Cl- secretion that was p

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Son, Joung A., Joung A. Son, Taizo Hogetsu, Joung A. Son, Taizo Hogetsu, and Yil-Sung Moon. "The process of epithelial cell death in Pinus thunbergii caused by the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus." Nematology 16, no. 6 (2014): 663–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00002795.

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This study describes a new technique to investigate how the pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, kills pine epithelial cells. After inoculating PWN into 20-cm-long Pinus thunbergii stem cuttings and incubating for 1, 3 or 7 days, the cuttings were split into 2.5 cm segments. The segments were tangentially cut so that the epithelia of several cortical resin canals were exposed, and these were stained with Evans Blue for the detection of dead epithelial cells. While almost no dead epithelial cells were found in the cortical resin canals of non-PWN-inoculated control cuttings up

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Farman, N., C. R. Talbot, R. Boucher, et al. "Noncoordinated expression of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-subunit mRNAs of epithelial Na+ channel along rat respiratory tract." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 272, no. 1 (1997): C131—C141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1997.272.1.c131.

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Na+ reabsorption from the epithelial surface of the respiratory tract plays a fundamental role in respiratory physiology. As in the epithelia of the renal collecting tubule and distal colon, Na+ enters across the luminal surface of respiratory epithelial cells via a recently cloned amiloride-sensitive multisubunit (alpha, beta, gamma) epithelial Na+ channel. We have examined the cellular expression at the mRNA level of the alpha-, beta-, and gamma-subunits of rat epithelial Na+ channel (rENaC) in the rat lung and upper airway epithelial cells using in situ hybridization. A large prevalence of

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Delplanque, A., C. Coraux, R. Tirouvanziam, et al. "Epithelial stem cell-mediated development of the human respiratory mucosa in SCID mice." Journal of Cell Science 113, no. 5 (2000): 767–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.113.5.767.

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We have developed an in vivo assay for progenitor cells of the human tracheobronchial epithelium relying on the transplantation of human prenatal respiratory tissues into severe combined immunodeficiency mice. Engrafted embryonic or fetal open tracheobronchial rudiments are rapidly closed at each end by a neoformed membrane that we named the operculum. After 2–4 weeks, differentiated human respiratory epithelium covers both the native airway matrix and the new operculum. Human epithelial cells dissociated from either emerging embryonic lung primordia or mature xenografts were seeded in host hu

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Juodziukyniene, Nomeda, and Albina Aniuliene. "Histomorphometric study of the canine prostate during ageing and in cases of benign prostate hyperplasia." Journal of Veterinary Research 60, no. 1 (2016): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jvetres-2016-0013.

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AbstractIntroduction: The aim of the study was to examine the percentage volume of epithelium, acini, and interstitial collagen in the nonhyperplastic canine prostate and in cases of epithelial and epithelial cystic hyperplasia. Material and Methods: A histomorphometric study of 39 prostates was performed using computer image analysis. Results: The highest percentage volume of epithelium was found in cases of epithelial hyperplasia (47.8 %) and epithelial cystic hyperplasia was the correlate for acini (48.97 %). Epithelium decreased with dogs’ age (P < 0.01), whereas acini increased (P <

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Hama, Seiji, Kazunori Arita, Takashi Nishisaka, et al. "Changes in the epithelium of Rathke cleft cyst associated with inflammation." Journal of Neurosurgery 96, no. 2 (2002): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2002.96.2.0209.

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Object. Rathke cleft cysts (RCCs) are composed of tall, well-differentiated, ciliated columnar epithelia. Their structures are altered by hyperplasia or squamous metaplasia, but their cause remains unknown. Methods. The authors studied pathological findings and anterior pituitary function in 20 patients harboring RCCs. They classified RCC epithelium as either single (a single ciliated columnar cell lining or a flattened cuboidal cell lining) or stratified (a stratified ciliated columnar cell lining, basal cell hyperplasia, columnar cell hyperplasia, or squamous metaplasia). Inflammation was cl

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Sun, D., C. R. Vanderburg, G. S. Odierna, and E. D. Hay. "TGFbeta3 promotes transformation of chicken palate medial edge epithelium to mesenchyme in vitro." Development 125, no. 1 (1998): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.125.1.95.

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Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation plays an important role in the disappearance of the midline line epithelial seam in rodent palate, leading to confluence of the palate. The aim of this study was to test the potential of the naturally cleft chicken palate to become confluent under the influence of growth factors, such as TGFbeta3, which are known to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. After labeling medial edge epithelia with carboxyfluorescein, palatal shelves (E8-9) with or without beak were dissected and cultured on agar gels. TGFbeta1, TGFbeta2 or TGFbeta3 was added to the c

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Nakajima, Tadaaki, Yuki Tanimoto, Masami Tanaka та ін. "Neonatal Estrogen Receptor β Is Important in the Permanent Inhibition of Epithelial Cell Proliferation in the Mouse Uterus". Endocrinology 156, № 9 (2015): 3317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2015-1012.

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Estrogen receptor α (ERα) plays a pivotal role in the mouse uterine and vaginal epithelial cell proliferation stimulated by estrogen, whereas ERβ inhibits cell proliferation. ERβ mRNA is expressed in neonatal uteri and vaginae; however, its functions in neonatal tissues have not been ascertained. In this study, we investigated the ontogenic mRNA expression and localization of ERβ, and its roles in cell proliferation in neonatal uteri and vaginae of ERβ knockout (βERKO) mice. ERβ mRNA and protein were abundant in the uterine and vaginal epithelia of 2-day-old mice and decreased with age. In ute

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Gonzalez-Escobedo, Geoffrey, and John S. Gunn. "Gallbladder Epithelium as a Niche for Chronic Salmonella Carriage." Infection and Immunity 81, no. 8 (2013): 2920–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00258-13.

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ABSTRACTAlthough typhoid fever has been intensively studied, chronic typhoid carriage still represents a problem for the transmission and persistence of the disease in areas of endemicity. This chronic state is highly associated with the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder of infected carriers upon whichSalmonellacan form robust biofilms. However, we hypothesize that in addition to gallstones, the gallbladder epithelium aids in the establishment/maintenance of chronic carriage. In this work, we present evidence of the role of the gallbladder epithelium in chronic carriage by a mechanism

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Brisken, Cathrin, Anna Heineman, Tony Chavarria, et al. "Essential function of Wnt-4 in mammary gland development downstream of progesterone signaling." Genes & Development 14, no. 6 (2000): 650–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.14.6.650.

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Female reproductive hormones control mammary gland morphogenesis. In the absence of the progesterone receptor (PR) from the mammary epithelium, ductal side-branching fails to occur. We can overcome this defect by ectopic expression of the protooncogene Wnt-1. Transplantation of mammary epithelia fromWnt-4−/− mice shows that Wnt-4 has an essential role in side-branching early in pregnancy. PR andWnt-4 mRNAs colocalize to the luminal compartment of the ductal epithelium. Progesterone induces Wnt-4 in mammary epithelial cells and is required for increased Wnt-4 expression during pregnancy. Thus,

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Troyanovsky, S. M., V. I. Guelstein, T. A. Tchipysheva, V. A. Krutovskikh, and G. A. Bannikov. "Patterns of expression of keratin 17 in human epithelia: dependency on cell position." Journal of Cell Science 93, no. 3 (1989): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.93.3.419.

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By immunomorphology, using keratin 17-specific monoclonal antibody, it has been shown that this keratin is expressed only in the basal cells of a group of complex epithelia: glandular epithelium with myoepithelial component, transitional and pseudostratified epithelia. Immunolocalization of keratin 17 provides evidence that the expression of this keratin strongly depends on the cell position within epithelial structures. The topographical character of the keratin expression suggests that these proteins may be implicated in the generation of spatial organization of epithelial tissues.

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Petrenko, V. "Embryonal morphogenesis of intestinal villi." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7 (July 15, 2017): 28–44. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.826475.

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Mоrphogenesis of intestinal villi begins in duodenum and passes in two stages. At first more actively proliferative and metabolic pseudostratified intestinal epithelium takes root into underlying mesenchyme, which loosens and transformates in connective tissue in this period. Together they form primary longitudinal folds of only beginner forming mucosa. Then these folds break up on typical intestinal villi. Mоrphogenesis of intestinal villi takes place in period of recanalization of duodenum, which, as mоrphogenesis of whole organ, is based on interconnections of processes, passing in its epit

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Klein-Szanto, Andres J. P., Hitoshi Ura, and James Resau. "Formaldehyde-Induced Lesions of Xenotransplanted Human Nasal Respiratory Epithelium." Toxicologic Pathology 17, no. 1_part_1 (1989): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01926233890171p105.

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Cells from the nasal respiratory epithelium were obtained at autopsy from young adults, amplified in primary cultures, and inoculated into de-epithelialized rat tracheas. These tracheas were sealed and transplanted subcutaneously into irradiated nude mice. Four weeks after this xenotransplantation procedure, when the tracheal lumina were covered by normal respiratory epithelium, the transplants were exposed to slow releasing silastic devices containing 0,0.5 or 1 mg paraformaldehyde. Histological examination supplemented with autoradiographies revealed that the aldehyde produced both involutio

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