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1

Narita, Vanny, Asma Omar, and Agus Masduki. "Analisis Pohon Filogenik dari Protein Non-Struktural 1 (NS1) Virus Dengue di Kawasan Asia Tenggara." JURNAL Al-AZHAR INDONESIA SERI SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI 1, no. 2 (2011): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36722/sst.v1i2.28.

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<p style="text-align: justify;" align="center">Protein non-struktural 1 adalah protein Virus Dengue yang terkonservasi, tetapi protein non-struktural 1 dari Virus Dengue yang berbeda strain memiliki epitop berbeda yang dapat dikenali oleh sel-B. Epitop-epitop ini mungkin disusun oleh asam amino yang sama dalam urutan yang berbeda. Kemungkinan ini perlu dipertimbangkan dalam rangka memprediksi epitop sekuensial Virus Dengue. Tujuan penelitian kami adalah menganalisis hubungan kekerabatan dan susunan asam amino pada epitop spesifik yang telah dikonfirmasi dari sampel representatif gen prot
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2

Amirulloh, Dian, Silvia Tri Widyaningtyas, and Budiman Bela. "Konstruksi Plasmid Pengekspresi Antigen Rekombinan HCV Berbasis Multiepitop untuk Deteksi Antibodi Anti-HCV." Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan 28, no. 3 (2018): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/mpk.v28i3.39.

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AbstractHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can cause chronic liver disease that develops into cirrhosis and liver cancer. It is estimated that are more than 170 million of th world’s population suffering from HCV. Accurate diagnosis is needed to provide appropriate early treatmen, including preventing further transmission of the virus. The purpose of this study was to construct plasmid expression of recombinant antigen for detection of anti-HCV antibodies. The antigen coding gene is designed so that is composed to epitopes that are immunodominant, sustainable and and represent HCV subtypes circ
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Ansori, Arif Nur Muhammad, Viol Dhea Kharisma, Yulanda Antonius, Martia Rani Tacharina, and Fedik Abdul Rantam. "Immunobioinformatics analysis and phylogenetic tree construction of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Indonesia: spike glycoprotein gene." Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium 9, no. 1 (2020): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29238/teknolabjournal.v9i1.221.

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The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has spread worldwide and as a result, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a pandemic. At present, there are no approved vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, the aim of this study was to predict epitope-based vaccines using bioinformatics approaches and phylogenetic tree construction of SARS-CoV-2 against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we employed 27 isolates of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein genes retrieved from GenBank® (National
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Arifa, Julian Eva, Budiman Bela, Silvia Tri Widyaningtyas, and Jeanne Elvia Christian. "Penggunaan antigen p24, IDR-Gp41 dan ID2-Pol dalam uji aviditas untuk identifikasi kasus baru pada infeksi HIV-1." Jurnal Biotek Medisiana Indonesia 8, no. 1 (2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/jbmi.v8i1.2578.

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AIDS is a severe immunodeficiency disease caused by HIV. Identification of new HIV infection in a population is required for the evaluation of intervention strategy of HIV-1 transmission. The avidity assay has been promoted for HIV-1 detection. Avidity assay is based on affinity strength of the epitopes of the HIV antigen against its specific corresponding antibodies. The binding of the antigen - the antibody formed in the initial phase of infection is relatively weak and easy to break with chaotropic reagents. In contrary, the antigen-antibody binding formation in long-term infection is stron
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5

Molero-Abraham, Magdalena, Esther M. Lafuente, Darren R. Flower, and Pedro A. Reche. "Selection of Conserved Epitopes from Hepatitis C Virus for Pan-Populational Stimulation of T-Cell Responses." Clinical and Developmental Immunology 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/601943.

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The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is able to persist as a chronic infection, which can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer. There is evidence that clearance of HCV is linked to strong responses by CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), suggesting that eliciting CTL responses against HCV through an epitope-based vaccine could prove an effective means of immunization. However, HCV genomic plasticity as well as the polymorphisms of HLA I molecules restricting CD8 T-cell responses challenges the selection of epitopes for a widely protective vaccine. Here, we devised an approach to overcome these limitations
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6

Kim, Y., J. Ponomarenko, Z. Zhu, et al. "Immune epitope database analysis resource." Nucleic Acids Research 40, W1 (2012): W525—W530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks438.

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7

Singh, Jaspal, Dr Arvind Khanna, and Dr Parveen Kaur Khanna. "Rudali’ as an Epitome of Caste, Class and Gender Subalternity: An Analysis of Mahasweta Devi’s Rudali." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 7 (2011): 282–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/july2014/88.

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8

Miyai, Kiyoshi. "Epitope Analysis of Recombinant Human Thyrotropin." Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 51, sup205 (1991): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365519109104613.

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9

NOZAKI, Chikateru, Nakanobu HAYASHI, Keiichi MAKIZUMI, et al. "Epitope analysis of HCV NS1 region." Kanzo 32, no. 12 (1991): 1174–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2957/kanzo.32.1174.

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10

Muñoz, Enrique T., and Michael W. Deem. "Epitope analysis for influenza vaccine design." Vaccine 23, no. 9 (2005): 1144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.08.028.

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11

Tambur, Anat R., Jimmy Rosati, Shirley Roitberg, Denis Glotz, John J. Friedewald, and Joseph R. Leventhal. "Epitope Analysis of HLA-DQ Antigens." Transplantation 98, no. 2 (2014): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/tp.0000000000000220.

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12

Williams, LA, BD Hock, and DN Hart. "Human T lymphocytes and hematopoietic cell lines express CD24- associated carbohydrate epitopes in the absence of CD24 mRNA or protein." Blood 88, no. 8 (1996): 3048–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v88.8.3048.bloodjournal8883048.

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The CD24 surface antigen is a small glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein found on human granulocytes and most B lymphocytes. Many CD24 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) have been described that identify several epitopes, with the majority of them related to carbohydrate structures associated with the CD24 molecule. Considerable variation has been observed in the apparent tissue distribution of the CD24 antigen depending on the MoAb used, and hence the CD24 epitope studied. In this study, CD24 expression by human cell lines and normal hematopoietic call populations was assessed usi
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13

Suzuki, Kazuo. "Epitope analysis of MPO-ANCA in vasculitis." Ensho 18, no. 6 (1998): 407–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2492/jsir1981.18.407.

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14

Kelley, Robert F., and Mark P. O'Connell. "Thermodynamic analysis of an antibody functional epitope." Biochemistry 32, no. 27 (1993): 6828–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00078a005.

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15

Sivalingam, Ganesh N., and Adrian J. Shepherd. "An analysis of B-cell epitope discontinuity." Molecular Immunology 51, no. 3-4 (2012): 304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2012.03.030.

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16

Moreau, V., C. Granier, S. Villard, D. Laune, and F. Molina. "Discontinuous epitope prediction based on mimotope analysis." Bioinformatics 22, no. 9 (2006): 1088–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btl012.

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17

Schlundt, A., D. Kosslick, G. Albert, et al. "Epitope-based proteomics by SILAC-MS analysis." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 81, no. 8 (2009): 1261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.200950624.

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18

Zhang, Q., P. Wang, Y. Kim, et al. "Immune epitope database analysis resource (IEDB-AR)." Nucleic Acids Research 36, Web Server (2008): W513—W518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkn254.

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19

Geysen, H. Mario, Stuart J. Rodda, Tom J. Mason, Gordon Tribbick, and Peter G. Schoofs. "Strategies for epitope analysis using peptide synthesis." Journal of Immunological Methods 102, no. 2 (1987): 259–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(87)90085-8.

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20

Nasirahmadi, Sasan, and Jamil Zargan. "Bioinformatics Analysis of Linear B-cell Viscumin Toxin Epitope With Potential Use in Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Biosensors." International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine 10, no. 1 (2020): 26172. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v9i4.26172.

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Background: There are many diseases around the world that threaten human health and its related hygienic issues. Cancer is among the conditions mentioned above that cause many problems for health sectors worldwide.Methods: The present research analyzed the linear B-cell epitope of viscumin from European mistletoe using bioinformatics tools. We also provided references for the fast detection of biological agents. Several important tools, such as Protparam, NCBI, PDB, T-coffee, BCpred, Bptope, Ellipro, and Cn3D were used to predict the viscumin linear epitope and its physical and chemical proper
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21

Niikura, Masahiro, Tetsuro Ikegami, Masayuki Saijo, Takeshi Kurata, Ichiro Kurane, and Shigeru Morikawa. "Analysis of Linear B-Cell Epitopes of the Nucleoprotein of Ebola Virus That Distinguish Ebola Virus Subtypes." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 10, no. 1 (2003): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.10.1.83-87.2003.

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ABSTRACT Ebola virus consists of four genetically distinguishable subtypes. We developed monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the nucleoprotein (NP) of Ebola virus Zaire subtype and analyzed their cross-reactivities to the Reston and Sudan subtypes. We further determined the epitopes recognized by these MAbs. Three MAbs reacted with the three major subtypes and recognized a fragment containing 110 amino acids (aa) at the C-terminal extremity. They did not show specific reactivities to any 10-aa short peptides in Pepscan analyses, suggesting that these MAbs recognize conformational epitope(s) locate
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22

Sanders, Rogier W., Miro Venturi, Linnea Schiffner, et al. "The Mannose-Dependent Epitope for Neutralizing Antibody 2G12 on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Glycoprotein gp120." Journal of Virology 76, no. 14 (2002): 7293–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.14.7293-7305.2002.

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ABSTRACT We have analyzed the unique epitope for the broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibody (MAb) 2G12 on the gp120 surface glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Sequence analysis, focusing on the conservation of relevant residues across multiple HIV-1 isolates, refined the epitope that was defined previously by substitutional mutagenesis (A. Trkola, M. Purtscher, T. Muster, C. Ballaun, A. Buchacher, N. Sullivan, K. Srinivasan, J. Sodroski, J. P. Moore, and H. Katinger, J. Virol. 70:1100-1108, 1996). In a biochemical study, we digested recombinant gp120 with vari
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23

Bergamaschi, Greta, Enrico M. A. Fassi, Alessandro Romanato, et al. "Computational Analysis of Dengue Virus Envelope Protein (E) Reveals an Epitope with Flavivirus Immunodiagnostic Potential in Peptide Microarrays." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 8 (2019): 1921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20081921.

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The mosquito-borne viral disease caused by the Dengue virus is an expanding global threat. Diagnosis in low-resource-settings and epidemiological surveillance urgently requires new immunoprobes for serological tests. Structure-based epitope prediction is an efficient method to design diagnostic peptidic probes able to reveal specific antibodies elicited in response to infections in patients’ sera. In this study, we focused on the Dengue viral envelope protein (E); computational analyses ranging from extensive Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations and energy-decomposition-based prediction of pote
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24

Sun, Pingping, Haixu Ju, Baowen Zhang, et al. "Conformational B-Cell Epitope Prediction Method Based on Antigen Preprocessing and Mimotopes Analysis." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/257030.

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Identification of epitopes which invokes strong humoral responses is an essential issue in the field of immunology. Various computational methods that have been developed based on the antigen structures and the mimotopes these years narrow the search for experimental validation. These methods can be divided into two categories: antigen structure-based methods and mimotope-based methods. Though new methods of the two kinds have been proposed in these years, they cannot maintain a high degree of satisfaction in various circumstances. In this paper, we proposed a new conformational B-cell epitope
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25

Zarebski, Laura M., Kerrie Vaughan, John Sidney, et al. "Analysis of epitope information related toBacillus anthracisandClostridium botulinum." Expert Review of Vaccines 7, no. 1 (2008): 55–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14760584.7.1.55.

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26

Miura, Hiromi, Takashi Tobe, and Yasuko Nakano. "Analysis of Epitope Regions for Autoantibodies in Catalase." Immunological Investigations 39, no. 8 (2010): 796–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08820139.2010.497832.

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27

Jacobs, L., R. H. Meloen, A. L. J. Gielkens, and J. T. Van Oirschot. "Epitope analysis of glycoprotein I of pseudorabies virus." Journal of General Virology 71, no. 4 (1990): 881–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-71-4-881.

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28

Crowther, N. J., Bing Xiao, P. N. Jørgensen, G. G. Dodson, and C. N. Hales. "Epitope analysis of human insulin and intact proinsulin." "Protein Engineering, Design and Selection" 7, no. 1 (1994): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/protein/7.1.137.

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29

Alpert, Elliot, and G. I. Abelev. "Summary Report: Epitope Analysis of Human Alpha-Fetoprotein." Tumor Biology 19, no. 4 (1998): 290–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000030020.

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30

Malmqvist, Magnus. "Epitope Mapping by Label-Free Biomolecular Interaction Analysis." Methods 9, no. 3 (1996): 525–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/meth.1996.0060.

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31

Hirata, Akio, Makiko Komoda, Wataru Itoh, Kengo Tabata, and Isamu Sugawara. "Epitope Analysis Using Anti-Oligosaccharide (G4) Monoclonal Antibody." Microbiology and Immunology 39, no. 1 (1995): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1348-0421.1995.tb02166.x.

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32

Padoa, C. J., N. J. Crowther, J. W. Thomas, et al. "Epitope analysis of insulin autoantibodies using recombinant Fab." Clinical and Experimental Immunology 140, no. 3 (2005): 564–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02802.x.

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33

Grifoni, Alba, Carla Montesano, Atanas Patronov, Vittorio Colizzi, and Massimo Amicosante. "Immunoinformatic Docking Approach for the Analysis of KIR3DL1/HLA-B Interaction." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/283805.

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KIR3DL1 is among the most interesting receptors studied, within the killer immunoglobulin receptor (KIR) family. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I Bw4 epitope inhibits strongly Natural Killer (NK) cell’s activity through interaction with KIR3DL1 receptor, while Bw6 generally does not. This interaction has been indicated to play an important role in the immune control of different viral infectious diseases. However, the structural interaction between the KIR3DL1 receptor and different HLA-B alleles has been scarcely studied. To understand the complexity of KIR3DL1-HLA-B interaction, HLA-B a
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34

Hadlock, KG, JJ Lipka, TP Chow, SK Foung, and GR Reyes. "Cloning and analysis of a recombinant antigen containing an epitope specific for human T-cell lymphotropic virus type II." Blood 79, no. 10 (1992): 2789–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v79.10.2789.2789.

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Abstract An immunodominant HTLV-I-specific epitope in the HTLV-I envelope glycoprotein (GP) 46 has been described. To determine if the analogous region of HTLV-II contains a similarly immunogenic and specific epitope, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify HTLV- II DNA fragments encoding various portions of the putative epitope. The synthesized DNAs were cloned into lambda-phage gt11 and screened for production of immunoreactive fusion protein using sera from HTLV-II- or HTLV-I-infected individuals. Antisera from HTLV-II-infected individuals identified three of four recombinan
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35

Hadlock, KG, JJ Lipka, TP Chow, SK Foung, and GR Reyes. "Cloning and analysis of a recombinant antigen containing an epitope specific for human T-cell lymphotropic virus type II." Blood 79, no. 10 (1992): 2789–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v79.10.2789.bloodjournal79102789.

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An immunodominant HTLV-I-specific epitope in the HTLV-I envelope glycoprotein (GP) 46 has been described. To determine if the analogous region of HTLV-II contains a similarly immunogenic and specific epitope, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify HTLV- II DNA fragments encoding various portions of the putative epitope. The synthesized DNAs were cloned into lambda-phage gt11 and screened for production of immunoreactive fusion protein using sera from HTLV-II- or HTLV-I-infected individuals. Antisera from HTLV-II-infected individuals identified three of four recombinant clones
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36

Sompuram, Seshi R., Gerassimos Bastas, Kodela Vani, and Steven A. Bogen. "Accurate identification of paraprotein antigen targets by epitope reconstruction." Blood 111, no. 1 (2008): 302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-05-090654.

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We describe the first successful clinical application of a new discovery technology, epitope-mediated antigen prediction (E-MAP), to the investigation of multiple myeloma. Until now, there has been no reliable, systematic method to identify the cognate antigens of paraproteins. E-MAP is a variation of previous efforts to reconstruct the epitopes of paraproteins, with the significant difference that it provides enough epitope sequence data so as to enable successful protein database searches. We first reconstruct the paraprotein's epitope by analyzing the peptides that strongly bind. Then, we c
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37

Fan, Huizhou, Cristy Villegas, Arthur K. Chan, and Jim A. Wright. "Myc-epitope tagged proteins detected with the 9E10 antibody in immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation assays but not in Western blot analysis." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 76, no. 1 (1998): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o98-003.

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A human Myc epitope is frequently used to tag proteins for expression experiments in nonhuman cells. We used the monoclonal 9E10 antibody specific for this epitope to analyse the expression of four proteins carrying the Myc tag in cells transfected with expression vectors. While all four proteins can be detected by immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation assays, surprisingly, only two proteins could be detected in Western blot analysis, indicating that epitope recognition by the monoclonal antibody can be blocked in some membrane-retained ectopic proteins. Other techniques such as immunoflu
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38

Kim, Yohan, Alessandro Sette, and Bjoern Peters. "Applications for T-cell epitope queries and tools in the Immune Epitope Database and Analysis Resource." Journal of Immunological Methods 374, no. 1-2 (2011): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jim.2010.10.010.

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39

Ma, Mingliang, Huan Qi, Chuansheng Hu, et al. "The binding epitope of sintilimab on PD-1 revealed by AbMap." Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 53, no. 5 (2021): 628–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/abbs/gmab020.

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Abstract PD-1 plays an important role as an immune checkpoint. Sintilimab is a newly approved PD-1 antibody for cancer immunotherapy with an unknown binding epitope on PD-1. In this study, to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which sintilimab blocks PD-1 activation, we applied Antibody binding epitope Mapping (AbMap) to identify the binding epitope of sintilimab. An epitope was successfully identified, i.e. SLAPKA, aa 127–132. By constructing a series of point mutations, the dominant residues S127, L128, A129, P130, and A132 of PD-1 were further validated by western blot analysis, biolayer
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40

Suprun, Maria, Randall J. Ellis, Hugh A. Sampson, and Mayte Suárez-Fariñas. "bbeaR: an R package and framework for epitope-specific antibody profiling." Bioinformatics 37, no. 1 (2021): 131–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa1064.

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Abstract Summary Analysis of epitope-specific antibody repertoires has provided novel insights into the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders, especially allergies. A novel multiplex immunoassay, termed Bead-Based Epitope Assay (BBEA), was developed to quantify levels of epitope-specific immunoglobulins, including IgE, IgG, IgA and IgD isotypes. bbeaR is an open-source R package, developed for the BBEA, provides a framework to import, process and normalize .csv data files exported from the Luminex reader, evaluate various quality control metrics, analyze differential epitope-binding antibodie
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41

Yoshihara, Y., S. Oka, Y. Watanabe, and K. Mori. "Developmentally and spatially regulated expression of HNK-1 carbohydrate antigen on a novel phosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein in rat brain." Journal of Cell Biology 115, no. 3 (1991): 731–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.115.3.731.

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HNK-1 carbohydrate antigen in an epitope expressed commonly in many cell surface adhesion and recognition molecules in the nervous system. We purified and characterized from rat brain a novel phosphatidylinositol (PI)-anchored 150-kD glycoprotein belonging to the HNK-1 family. The molecule (PI-GP150) was detected by combination of PI-specific phospholipase C treatment of brain membranes and Western blot analysis with mAb HNK-1. HNK-1-positive PI-GP150 was purified from the PI-PLC-released materials with three successive chromatographies (Sephacryl S-300, mAb HNK-1-Sepharose 4B, and Mono Q) and
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42

Ramírez Caballero, Lisbeth, Christoph Kny, Regina Treudler, et al. "Identification of Seasonal Variations of Antibodies against PR-10-Specific Epitopes Can Be Improved Using Peptide-Phage Display." International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 181, no. 12 (2020): 919–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000509995.

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<b><i>Background:</i></b> In pollinosis patients, allergen-specific antibody titers show seasonal variations. Little is known about these variations at the epitope level. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> We aimed at investigating seasonal variations on the level of allergen epitope recognition in patients with Bet v 1-related food allergy using a peptide phage display approach. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Serum samples collected over 1 year from 4 patients of the placebo arm of the birch-associated soya allergy immunotherapy trial wer
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43

Li, Machao, Haican Liu, Xiuqin Zhao, and Kanglin Wan. "Comparative Analysis of Human B Cell Epitopes Based on BCG Genomes." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3620141.

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Background. Tuberculosis is a huge global health problem. BCG is the only vaccine used for about 100 years against TB, but the reasons for protection variability in populations remain unclear. To improve BCG efficacy and develop a strategy for new vaccines, the underlying genetic differences among BCG subtypes should be understood urgently.Methods and Findings. Human B cell epitope data were collected from the Immune Epitope Database. Epitope sequences were mapped with those of 15 genomes, including 13 BCGs,M. bovisAF2122/97, andM. tuberculosisH37Rv, to identify epitopes distribution. Among 39
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44

Brunel, Florence M., Michael B. Zwick, Rosa M. F. Cardoso, et al. "Structure-Function Analysis of the Epitope for 4E10, a Broadly Neutralizing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Antibody." Journal of Virology 80, no. 4 (2006): 1680–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.80.4.1680-1687.2006.

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ABSTRACT The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) neutralizing antibody 4E10 binds to a linear, highly conserved epitope within the membrane-proximal external region of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp41. We have delineated the peptide epitope of the broadly neutralizing 4E10 antibody to gp41 residues 671 to 683, using peptides with different lengths encompassing the previously suggested core epitope (NWFDIT). Peptide binding to the 4E10 antibody was assessed by competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the Kd values of selected peptides were determined using surface plasmon
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45

Shimazaki, Youji, Yoshinori Kohno, Izumi Fukui, and Toshiharu Koyashiki. "Epitope analysis using membrane-immobilized avidin and protein A." Protein Expression and Purification 83, no. 2 (2012): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pep.2012.03.017.

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46

Arata, Satoru, Tohru Hirayama, Yuri Akiyama, et al. "Epitope analysis of lipid A preparations fromPseudomonas diminutaandPseudomonas vesicularis." FEMS Microbiology Letters 60, no. 2 (1989): 223–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1989.tb03450.x.

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47

Prentice, L., Y. Kiso, N. Fukuma, et al. "Monoclonal thyroglobulin autoantibodies: variable region analysis and epitope recognition." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 80, no. 3 (1995): 977–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jcem.80.3.7533775.

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Prentice, L. "Monoclonal thyroglobulin autoantibodies: variable region analysis and epitope recognition." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 80, no. 3 (1995): 977–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.80.3.977.

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Schneider, Conrad H., and Alain L. De Weck. "Epitope analysis: N4-Formylation of theD-benzylpenicilloyl antigenic structure." Liebigs Annalen der Chemie 1991, no. 1 (1991): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.199119910116.

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Soutullo, Adriana, María N. Santi, Juan C. Perin, et al. "Systematic epitope analysis of the p26 EIAV core protein." Journal of Molecular Recognition 20, no. 4 (2007): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmr.825.

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